1 the Search for a Libertarian Communism: Daniel Guérin and The
The search for a libertarian communism: Daniel Guérin and the ‘synthesis’ of marxism and anarchism I have a horror of sects, of compartmentalisation, of people who are separated by virtually 1 nothing and who nevertheless face each other as if across an abyss. – Daniel Guérin Concerned that his reinterpretation of the French Revolution, La Lutte de classes sous la Première République (1946), had been misunderstood, Daniel Guérin wrote to his friend, the socialist Marceau Pivert in 1947 that the book was to be seen as ‘an introduction to a synthesis of anarchism and Marxism-Leninism I would like to write one day.’2 This paper aims to analyze exactly what Guérin meant by this ‘synthesis’, and how and why he came to be convinced of its necessity—for as Alex Callinicos has commented, ‘[g]enuinely innovative syntheses are rare and difficult to arrive at. Too often attempted syntheses amount merely to banality, incoherence, or eclecticism.’3 It must however be noted from the outset that Guérin had no pretensions to being a theorist: he saw himself first and foremost as an 1 Daniel Guérin, Front populaire, Révolution manquée. Témoignage militant (Arles: Editions Actes Sud, 1977), p. 29. All translations are the present author’s, unless stated otherwise. 2 Letter to Marceau Pivert, 18 November 1947, Bibliothèque de Documentation Internationale Contemporaine (hereafter BDIC), Fonds Guérin, F°Δ Rés 688/10/2. La Lutte de classes sous la Première République, 1793-1797 (Paris: Gallimard, 1946; new edition 1968), 2 vols. 3 Alex Callinicos (ed.), Marxist Theory (Oxford University Press, 1989), p. 108.
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