SIERRA RAIL OAD 000

Earty EMD production without Dynamic Brakes. Deliveryto stores In late May/earty June.

Roadname/ltem # Paint Scheme/Road No. Paint Scheme/Road No. Canadian National CN North America/GTW Burlington Northern Green and Black Milwaukee Road Orange and Black #37-2801 5931 #37-2701 6333 #37-2708 149 #37-2802 5934 #37-2702 6363 #37-2709 160 Missouri Pacific Norfolk Southern Black Yellow and Gray/GTW Chicago & North Western Falcon Service #37-2803 3108 #37-2703 6910 #37-2710 6139 Soo Line Red and White #37-2704 6922 #37-2711 6142 #37-2804 759 CSX New Image Union Pacific "We Can Handle It" #37-2805 787 #37-2705 8186 #37-2712 3220 Union Pacific Yellow and Gray/Large Number #37-2706 8204 #37-2713 3342 #37-2804 759 EMD Leasing Supplied with both versions of brake housings #37-2805 787 #37-2707

f 111.11K:.A.TO I TE PIE

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The Testor Corporation Teslor Cnnada \ 620 206 Milvan D iv visit us on rhe web aL .. l3uckbeeIllinois Srreet 6·) 104 \Vcsron, Omarior eM9L 1 Z9 An �pm Company 1.800.962.6654Rockford. 1.416.742.1626 ©1998 ., The Tcstor Corpor::nion www.testors.com I·A,Z.T.E�K\ .•• IN THISANNIVERSARY ISSUE EDITORIAL, PAGE • 10TH 15 HOW ATHEARN'S GENESIS UNE CAME BE, PAGE • TO 46 MODEUNG MODERN BOX PAGE 52 • 60-FOOT CARS, SIXTIES-ERA INTERMODAL FLATBED TRAILER, PAGE • 16 SIERRA RAILWAY UR, PAGE 28 • PROTOTYPE-BASED LAYOUT TO BIUBOARD REEFER MODEUNG, PAGE • 7 S LAYOUT SaNERY, PAGE • SCALE WITH 42 N SCALE: UFE-UKE GP20 REPORT, PAGE 20 • TEST MILWAUKEE RIB-SIDE BOX MODEUNG, PAGE • CAR 40

with the Sierra. His layout demonstrates what "Modeling From The Prototype" is all about It will take two issues to cover it all, and Part begins on page -Robert Schleicher photo June 1999· Volume 11, Number 1 I 30.

Time Capsule: Union Pacific manifest at Caliente, California, September 4, 1997, by Pelle Soeborg ...... 6 Editorial: Modeling from the prototype,

by Robert Schleicher...... 15

Freight Cars from the Thirties: 40-Foot billboard reefers from Accurail and Branchline Trains kits, by Hol Wagner... 7 Diesels, One-Detail-At-A-Time: Aleo C628 diesels from Stewart kits,

by Louis Marre ...... 12 Intermodal Modeling: GN 40-foot flatbed trailers from Lonestar Models kits, by Duane E. Buck ...... 16 Freight Cars from the Fifties: AAR 50-foot flat cars from Proto 2000 kits,

Part I, by Richard Hendrickson ...... 22 Layout Tour: The Sierra Railway, Part I,

by Edward E. Petry ...... 28 Diesel Modeling: Inside Athearn's Genesis Line,

by Brian Kriemendahl ...... 46 Locomotive Performance: How We Test Locomotives, by the late Robert Higgins...... SO Summary of all previous locomotive

performance test reports...... 64 Modern Freight Car Modeling: ATSF 60-foot box cars from Con-Cor's

kit, by Stephen M. Priest...... S2

4 RAILMODELJOURNAL ·JUNE 1999 •

Freight Cars from the Thirties: Layout Tour: Experience-At Your Fingertips, more 40-Foot billboard reefers from Micro-Trains Minnesota Heartland Railway, about what's in this issue from articles in

...... by Ken Zieska ...... previous issues ...... kits, by Hoi Wagner ...... 7 . . 42 58 Calendar...... Freight Cars from the Fifties: Locomotive Performance: 60 Railroad Historical Societies...... Milwaukee 40-foot box cars from Micro­ How We Test locomotives, 62 What's New ...... 65 Trains or Deluxe Innovations kits, by the late Robert Higgins...... 50 Summary of all previous locomotive by James R. Nelson...... 40 Modern Freight Car Modeling: performance test reports...... 64 ATSF 60-foot box cars from Con-Cor's kit, by Stephen M. Priest...... 52 Locomotive Performance: islUes, payable in U.s. fundi. ISSN 1043· Life-Like EMD GP20 Test Report, 5441, copyright 1999 by Golden Bell Press. All rights reserved. Periodicall Postage paid at Denver, CO. POSTMASTER: Send address by Guy Thrams ...... 20 How We Test locomotives, changes to Railmodel Journal, 2403 Champa St., Denver, CO 80205. by the late Robert Higgins...... 50 Summary of all previous locomotive performance test reports ...... 58

MODEUNG fromthe RAILMODELPROTOTYPE JOURNAL . JUNE 1999 5 TIME CAPSULE ] ------[ ------

AT CALIENTE., CALIFORNIA., SEPTEMBER 4., 1997

By Pelle Soeborg

6 RAILMODELJOURNAL ' JUNE 1999 [PAINT DECALS ]------& BILLBOARD REEFERS

IN HO SCALE FROM ACCURAIL AND BRANCHUNE TRAINS KITS IN N SCALE FROM MICRO-TRAINS MODELS By HoI Wagner Model photos by Robert Schleicher

reight cars, primarily refligerator cars, painted with giant advertise­ ments for the products of the company that owned or leased they car were quite common in the latter part of the 19th Century, but their widespread use declined substantially during the early years of the 20th Century. A new populatity came in the 1920s, and soon the cars could be found in record numbers. The repeal of Prohibition in 1933 led brewers across the The standard BREX paint scheme of the mid-1920s through the 1940s featured reefer yellow sides, country to quickly jump on the bandwag­ mineral red roof and ends, with black hardware (ladders, grabirons, hinges and door locks) and under­ on to take advantage of tllis traveling bodies. The small panel beneath the doors was also painted mineral red. Black lettering, in the same advertising medium. By 1934, there were block serif style employed by Fruit Growers Express and Western Fruit Express, spelled out "VENTILA­ thousands of billboard reefers in service TOR-REFRIGERATOR" on the right side and "BURLINGTON REFRIGERATOR EXPRESS" on the left side. Note that on throughout the U.S., with individual com­ the car ends, the fascia is two separate boards, peaked to match the roofline; in later years, a single­ pany fleets ranging from a single car to piece end fascia board was used with a horizontal bottom, giving the piece a triangular shape, as on the Accurail model. -Hoi Wagner collection hundreds. But in July 1934, the Interstate Commerce Commission, bowing to pres­ sure from shippers, effectively put a stop to the use of billboard cars with an order that has for years been widely misunder- RAILMODELJOURNAL 'JUNE 1999 7 BIlIUl.B:OARD REEFERS

The Burlington Route Historical Society offers four alternate versions of the BREX cars. -Jim Singer photo

Branchline Trains painted and lettered the Accurail kit to duplicate the GBX 4400-4419 cars.

VENTILATOR- REFRIGERATOR � (YRlllA Branchline Trains painted and lettered the � Accurail kit to duplicate the THE-- THREE-- LEADERS CMRX 4500-4507 cars.

Branchline Trains painted and lettered the Accurail kit to duplicate the SNBX 4600-4603 cars.

Branchline Trains painted and lettered the Accurail kit to duplicate the lone BCCX 4900 car.

Branchline Trains painted and lettered the Accurail kit to duplicate the two TUX 5100-5101 cars.

8 RAILMODELJOURNAL . JUNE 1999 Branchline Trains painted and lettered the Accurail kit to duplicate the two FBX 5300-5301 cars.

Branchline Trains painted and lettered the Accurail kit to duplicate the MACX 3300-3309 cars.

Branchline Trains painted and lettered the Accurail kit to duplicate the MBIX 3900-3907 cars.

Branchline Trains painted and lettered the Accurail kit to duplicate the single "Skyland Eggs" car.

stood by railfans and modelers alike. The ICC order banned, as an illegal re bate, all NATIONAL CAR COMPANY billboard cars not owned by the company VE N TIL" TDR· R I:rRI G II RATD R co. for which they were lettered. Cars owned J10NARCH BREWING by the company whose billboard advertis­ CHilL. ing they canied were still legal after the order's effective date in July 1938. (This was the same date that the ICC order ban­ ning archbar trucks on cars in interchange service also took effect.) By the late 1940s, the ICC relaxed its Branchline Tra ins painted and lettered the Accurail kit to duplicate the two NX 3070-3071 cars. ban, and billboard cars again began to gain in popularity, particularly among brewers and meat packers. But the classic era of billboard reefers in the 20th Century last­ ERATDR ed only slightly more than a decade, from the mid to late 1920s until 1938. IHlP Burlington Refrigerator Express, the G.HEILMAN BREWING Co. reefer arm of the Burlington Route rail­ LA. CROSSE. WIS. Il1l'1I roads (CB&Q, C&S and FW&D), and its , affiliate company, National Car Company (a subsidiary of Fruit Growers Express that operated refrigerator cars for nOIl-rai 1- Branchline Trains painted and lettered the Accurail kit to duplicate the two NX 3080-3099 cars. RAILMODELjOURNAL . JUNE 1999 9 BILLBOARD REEFERS

•• �.I.I: �,.. � ." �lfrHtlN

E NTILATOR-ItEFRIGE1\.ATOR THE BEER--­ or-��====:::::.-:� Il--II aUALITY�=::= _ . .. SINCE-187a=-- _.

• SrIMfl/� Aoot .1 .-.. ,...,. ,. "',."..".Jr.,..,Hr#_ ...... -r" ...... - .,t,1I:,.,.1II t1,�_. "- ....1: .J,.II . - \ -j I ./

One of the painting diagrams that Branchline Trains used to create their HO scale models. -courtesy Burlington Bulletin

forms around the rooftop ice hatches. By changing the roof to a wooden one, substituting a diffe rent undelframe (perhaps from the Accurail 40-foot AAR steel box car, but with K rather than AB brakes), and adding a channel end sill, the Accurail car can become a reasonable representation of the FGEX prototype.

Correct Colors? road entities), both were active participants in the billboard reefer The available information on these colOIful cars consists business, subleasing many of their cars to shippers who then paid almost exclusively of copies of the original painting and lettering to have the cars painted with fa ncy, COIOlful billboard schemes. A diagrams (reproduced in the Burlington Bulletin article). These detailed description of the cars lettered for shippers on the lines diagrams, however, simply name the colors employed in the of the Burlington appeared in the Burlington Route Historical elaborate paint schemes-"Monochrome Tint No. 1," "Chrome Society's Burlington Bulletin No. 28, published in ] 993 and still Green," "Apple Green," "Cream" and the like-giving no idea of available from the society for $8.00 (write BRHS Back Issues, what the color actually looked like. Consequently, the modeler is PO. Box 298, Lakeview, AR 72642). on his own when it comes to interpreting the colors (and a num­ ber of model companies have tried their hand at these palticular Accurails' BREX Reefer cars through the years, including Red Ball, Walthers (twice) and Several years ago, Accurail introduced an injection-molded Train Miniatures). You may not agree with Branchline's choice of plastic HO scale model of a Burlington Refrigerator Express color, but that doesn't mean dlat either you or Branchline is nec­ wood body reefer. The car is an accurate representation of BREX essarily wrong! The fact that there are no color photos of these cars 75000-75999, built in ] 923 by AC&F, General American cars, and only a very few black-and-white views, doesn't help. and Pullman. It was members of this class of cars that received a Perhaps the most controversial is the "Apple Green" Century number of billboard paint schemes in the 1930s, and Branchline beer car. The green color used by Train Miniatures in the j 970s Trains has recently offered a substantial number of the billboard and by Branchline on its current version doesn't look like the schemes on the Accurail body. color of any apple I've ever seen, but that doesn't mean it's the Just how accurate are the AccuraillBranchline models? First, wrong color. And this car is one of the few of which we have a the Accurail model depicts the BREX cars as they appeared from prototype photo-which only adds to the confusion, because the late 1930s on (and some of the cars lasted in company ice ser­ while the painting diagram calls for the doors to be "BRE stan­ vice until the late 1960s). Prior to this time, and certainly during dard Body Ye llow," the photo shows them to be a much darker the era when they canied billboard paint schemes), the cars had color, quite probably "BRE Standard Body Brown"; a confusing platforms around the rooftop ice hatches. These would have to be name itself, because the roof and ends-and the panel on the added to make the Accurail cars accurate for the 1930s and earli­ sides beneath the doors-of Burlington Refrigerator Express er. And while the Accurail models come with AAR cast-steel cars, as well as those of Fruit Growers Express, Western Fruit Bettendorf u'ucks, the BREX cars rode first on archbar trucks, Express and National Car Company, were actually painted a min­ and after the mid-thirties, on Andrews trucks. With those changes, eral red color that was simply called brown. Add to all this the several of the Branchline billboard cars are as accurate as they fact that Clover House offers a set of HO dry transfer for the can be, given the infonl1ation available today. Century Beer car that has a square rather than rectangular "bill­ A number of other billboard reefers subleased from board" and employs blue where it should have gold, and the situ­ Burlington Refrigerator Express through National Car Company ation is even more muddled. by shippers on the Burlington were Fruit Growers Express cars from the FGEX 36000 series, built in the company's [ndiana The Branchline Cars Harbor shops in 1929. These cars had wooden bodies and roofs, All right, then: whjch of the AccLlrail cars painted by straight (as opposed to fi shbelly) steel centersills and side sills, Branchline Trains are actually close representations of the proto­ steel channel end sills, and rode on AAR cast-steel trucks much types from the 1930s? like those furnished with the Accurail kit. There were no plat- Fifteen different groups of billboard reefers were produced 10 RAILMODELJOURNAL . JUNE 1999 Cars of CB&Q subsidiaries Colorado & Southern and Forth Worth & Denver were identically paint­ ed but lettered for their owners, not BRE. For some reason, however, the "&" was not used in either the full name or the reporting marks, so the C&S cars were CX 50100-50249, while the FW&D cars were FWDX 20000-20099. These views show typical details of the late '30s-' 40s era, including platforms around the rooftop ice hatches, Andrews trucks in place of the original archbar versions, and a batten strip near the bot­ tom of the carbody to hold the tongue-and­ groove wooden siding in place. -Hoi Wagner collection

Otto Perry photographed the Century Beer car "I::f\ATO:f\ II"ATOP.- RllI'RXu- sometime around 1933. The photograph would THE BEER suggest that the "apple green" might be a some­ what lighter shade than Branchline selected for or the HO scale model. This is one of the only cars QUALITY of this series of private-owner reefers that seems SINCE-1876 to have been photographed. -Denver Public S.N.B.X. Library Western History Department Collection

from BREX cars, thirteen of them from • Monarch Brewing Company (Bull Company cars that bore only a passing the BREX 75000-series cars represented Frog Beer), Chicago, II I. (NX 3070-307 1) resemblance to the Accurail BREX model.

by the Accurail model. (The other two • G. Heileman Brewing Company, Branchline has produced one of these cars, groups utilized earlier truss rod cars.) To LaCrosse, Wis. (NX 3080-3099). LaCrosse Breweries (Peerless Beer) of date, Branchline has recreated six of these Besides the Accurail cars painted by LaCrosse, Wis., cars NX 3040-3049 and cars: Branchline Trains, the Burlington Route 3060-3069, but these were actually short­

• Goetz Brewing Company, St. Joseph, Historical Society has produced a group of er cars of substantially different construc­ Mo. (GBX 4400-44 19) custom-painted Accurail cars lettered for tion than the Accurail model.

• Chicago Macaroni Company, Chicago, Burlington subsidiaries Colorado & Branchline has indicated that it plans I II. (CMRX 4500-4507) Southern and Fort Worth & Denver, as to produce more of the Burlington Line 's

• Schneider Brewing Company (Cenlluy these cars appeared in the late I 940s and billboard cars in the months ahead, so Beer), Trinidad, Colo. (SNBX 4600-4603) early 1950s. Accurail already offers the keep an eye out at your local hobby

• Banner Creamery, Abilene, Texas car in standard Burlington Refrigerator shop-and check the Burlington Bulle/in (BCCX 4900) Express paint, and the subsidiary road cars fo r the accuracy of future releases.

• Tivoli-Union Company (Tivoli Beer), carry the same paint scheme but with CX Denver, Colo. (TUX 5100-5101) and FWDX reporting marks and numbers. N Scale Models

• Fontenelle Brewing Company (Robin These BRHS models (CX 50240 and Micro-Trains as done accurately let­ Hood Beer), Omaha, Neb. (FBX 5300- FWDX 20045) are only available through tered N scale versions of the Robin Hood 5301). the society for $13 apiece plus $4.50 ship­ Beer, Tivoli Beer and Parrot Potatoes cars Of 13 groups of Fr uit Growers Express ping and handling. Write BRHS 1998 Car on its wood-body/fish belly underframe 36000-series cars repainted in billboard Project, PO. Box 456, LaGrange, IL model, which is a reasonably close replica schemes, Branchline has thus far recreated 60525. of the BREX cars. The Parrot Potatoes fi ve: The BRHS also produced two custom­ cars, however, were FGEX 36000-series

• Mah affey Commission Company lettered Accurail cars in BREX paint with cars with straight, rather than fishbelly (Parrot Potatoes), Chicago, Ill. (MACX CB&Q company ice service numbers, but center sills, so for accuracy, the model's 3300-3309) those versions have sold out. underframe would have to be replaced.

• Merchants Biscuit Company (Supreme RMJ Salad Wafers ), Denver, Colo. (MBIX Other Billboard Cars from 3900-3907) Branchline

• Colorado Poultry & Egg Pr oducers A number of the other billboard reefers (Skyland Eggs), Denver, Colo. (RMPX of the 1930s fo r shippers located on the 6000) Burlington were subleased National Car RAILMODELJOURNAL . JUNE 1999 11 ------[DIESELS, ONE-DETAIL-AT-A-TIME] ------

Photos from the collection of Louis A. Ma rre

he C628 is the 'classic' of the sixties Aleo diesels. Tbe first four production units were painted gold, and the product line was dubbed the "Century" ill December 1963. Aleo pro­ duced ] 81 of the C628 diesels until production ended in December 1968. The C628 produced 2,750 horsepow­ er, comparable to the EMD SD35's 2,500 horsepower, but not as much as the SD40's 3,000 horsepower. Aleo did offer the 3,000-horsepower C630 from July 1965 to October 1967 and 133 of these units were sold, as well as 34 of the 3,600-horsepower C636 diesels. The more powerful Century series locomotives have square aftercooler boxes that extend a few inches above the hood behind the cab, and the C636 has a second box extending above the hood a few feet in front of the side radiator grilles. Aleo sold about half as many of these six-axle units as EMD, which was pretty respectable sales figure. a Southern Pacific 7102 was patt of series 7100-7103, the four OIiginal gold­ painted Aleo demonstrator units, pur­ chased in 1964. Number 7115 was part of selies 7103-7128 purchased in 1965.

Scale Model C628s DO Scale: Stewatt has a new model, and Model Power, Life-Like and AHM have imported the Mehal10tenika models. N Scale: None known, but the Con­ Cor C636 could serve as a "stand-in."

12 RAILMODELJOURNAL -JUNE 1999 o Scale: None known, but some brass One-Detail-At-A-Time 1-419 Windshield wipers 3.50/2 pro models have been imported. (HO Scale) 4-420 Air horns 2.50/2 Step-by-step ins\11lctions on how to install 5-431 Fuel fillers 2.50/set Paint: many of these detail parts appeared in the 2-437 Cab sunshades 3.95/pr. SP Dark Grey: Floquil 110132, pony June 1989 issue of "The Journal." That 6-456 Snowplow 5.95 ea. Scale 414 L82. Scalecoat 28, Badger ruticle is also reprinted in the book TUN­ Custom Finishing, Thlley Rd., Model-Flex 16-35. SMP Accupaint 65. ING & UPGRADING AT HEARN 379 or ProColor 103. LOCOMOTIVES. Ol'ange, MA 013647: SP Scarlet(m ost decal sets include this por­ 7-112 Ground (running) $4.95/2 tion of the paint scheme): Floquil 110136, A-Line, P.O. Box 2701, Carlsbad, lights Polly Scale 414183, Sca1ecoat 29, Badger CA 92018: 8-147 Hand brake chain 5.95 ea. Model-Flex 16-37, SMP Accllpaint 66, or 1-29200 Windshield wipers $1.85/8 guide (modified) ProColor 104. 2-29210 Cab sunshades 1.95/3 pro 9-195 Wheel s1ip 4.95/4 modulators (right) Decals: Cal-Scale (division of Bowser Mfg. Co., 10-196 Speed recorders (left) 4.95/4 HO Scale: Microscale 87-177, Champ Inc.), 21 Howard St., Montoursville, 4-221 Air horn 2.49 ea. EH206W, or Herald King L-140. PA 17754-0322: 11-253 Headlight (7Wl) 3.95 ea. N Scale: Microscale 60-177. 3-320 Air hoses $1.85/2 sets ] 1-254 Headlight (71J 5) 3.95 ea.

RAILMODELjOURNAL -JUNE 1999 13 12-258 MU hoses (sets 2.39/4 sets Details West, P.O. Box 61, Corona, 5-39080 Fuel fillers L.00/4 of 4) CA 91718: 3-39118 Air hoses 1.50110 14-112 Headlights (7115) $1.0012 20-48237 Chain 2.50/10 in. Detail Associates, Box 5357, San Luis 11-148 Headlights 1.00/2 19-48277-1 Lift rings 2.25/12 Obispo, CA 93403: 6-155 Snowplow 1.50 ea. (eye boJts) 11-1003 Headlights (7115) $1.00/2 5-166 Fuel fillers 1.00/4 13-1003 Headlights 1.00/2 7-172 Step (running) lights 1.75/8 Sm okey Valley Railroad Products, 11-1005 Headlights (7115) 1.00/2 4-186 Air horn 2.95 ea. P.O . Box 339, Plantersville, MS 14-] 005 Headlights (711 S) 1.00/2 2-188 Cab sunshades .80/4 38862: 11-1024 Headlights 1.0012 12-221 MU hoses 1.95/2 24-J 08 A1ca road switcher $7.95/22 2-1301 Cab sunshades 1.50/6 handrail stanchions 15-] 406 Drop steps 3.00/2 Overland Models, Inc., 3808 W. /6-1507 MU receptacles 1.25112 Kilgore Ave., Muncie, IN 47304: Ordering Inform ation: 12-1508 MU hoses 2.00/16 4-9010 Air horn $3.50 ea. All of these parts are available to any 4-1601 Air horns 1.75/2 18-9] 50 Coupler lift bars 1.75/2 hobby dealer, so your dealer call order 17-2202 Grabirons 2.50/24 11-9275 Headlight 2.50 ea. for you. If you must order dj reet, order 18-2204 Coupler lift bars 2.00/2 22-9327 Mirrors (wind 3.35/4 the full package quantities shown and wlbrackets deflectors) include $5.00 per order for postage or 19-2206 Lift rings (eye bolts) 3.00/36 ] 2-9351 MU hoses 1.75/4 sets UPS and handling. RMJ 20-2210 Chain 2.25/12 in. (sets of 4)

21-2302 Cab arm rests 1.25/8 6-9550 Snowplow 8.95 ea. 22-2304 Wind deflectors 2.50/3 pI'. (moclified) 23-2505 .015-illch-diameter 2.50/1 0 wire for handrails (pLus Smokey Precision Scale, 3961 Highway 93 Valley stanchions, below) North, Stevensville, MT 59870: J 0-2807 Speed recorders 1.75/4 11-3933 Headlights $2.25/2 (left side) ] -3968 Windshield wipers 1.2514 9-2808 Speed recorders 1.75/4 23-4968 .012-inch-diameter 1.75/6 (right side) wire 5-3 L02 Fuel tank fittings J .OO/set 16-39039 MU stands 1.50/6 3-6206 Air hoses 1.25/6 12-39059 MU hoses (4) 1.75/4 6-39062 Snowplow 3.00 ea.

14 RAILMODELJOURNAL 'JUNE 1999 [EDITORIAL]------

late the makeup of the trains and their sched­ bimonthly in the late eighties, I was able to You Are Modeling from ules to add equally re alistic purpose and begin to focus more on modeling from the action. This was a real railroad that I could prototype, so I created a dozen or so other the Prototype brino to life in 1-10 scale with few compro­ track plans, all of them prototype based. Then Time passes. This is the 121 st issue of mis s. Until then, it was something r had only came Railmodel .Ioul'llal and the fru ition of "The Journal," ;' and it is time for my annual dreamed of. Modeling From The Prototype. editorial, the eleventh, as it turns out. My edi­ torial philosophy has changed rather radically 40th Anniversary Issues Recreating HistOl-Y in the past 10 years. At the beglllnl1lg of this Modeling fro m the prototype is my pas­ I have been blessed to have the support of decade of "The Journal," I considered this sion. For me, this is really closer to a 40th a number of historians who model. It was Jim mao azin- e to be a contender for Model anniversary of modeling from the prototype, Eager and Richard Hendrickson who, about Ratir oader magazine's number one place in than just a 10th anniversary. My dreams of 12 years ago, asked me to please stop Wl'ltlllg the market. I selected articles that would modelino the Sierra never got any further than my own articles on fre ight cars. In addition to appeal to anyone who called himself or her­ fut ile atl�mpts to make a 2-8-0 from ManILla's supplying the photographs. would I let them sel f a model railroader. It was a legacy I car­ 2-6-0 and a dozen or so shel f-size trackplans write the articles and captions as we ll? It ried with me from starting Model Railroading for an 1-10 scale recreation of Jamestown and seems that an assortment of six double-door magazine, with mass market newsstand dis­ Angels. I used those two-decade-old sketches 50-foot box cars I had selected as examples of tribution, back in the late sixties. Aller a cou­ to create a garage-size trackplan for VOLUME prototypes for the Athearn kit represellled pro­ ple of years of that, I realized there was a new III of the MODEL RAILROADING HAND­ totypes for anything but the Athearn kit. and diffe rent hobby developing here and that BOOK (long out of pri nt) in 1982, with plans Times have changed. Now, "The Journal" the majority of the authors that are regular fo r the Sierra Rai lway as both a permanent presents articles on a specific model kit with contributors to "The Journal" were the shelf-style layout and as a series of modules dozens of prototype photographs to provide major participants in this new hobby. No that included the West Side Lumber Company accurate choices for lettering and weathering. longer were we building caricatures of real narrow gauge. And we've carried the concept into correct r ra il oads and renaming them with cute There are no coincidences. Edward Petry's prototypes for diesels, correct prototypes for names. We were actually recreating real rail­ Sierra Railway is fe atured in this issue and in industries, for grass, for trees, fo r layout roads, car for car, building for building, tree the July issue because this is the time his lay­ design, for control systems that make it easier for tree. out appeared in my life. Ed is building my for you to operate like the prototype, articles Would enough people care about recreat­ dream of forty years ago. Ed was a freelance written by professional railroaders on how to ino a prototype rai lroad to support a magazine modeler when we met a decade ago. He decid­ operate all this prototype-based stuff, and you dedicated to that premise? About eight years ed that the hobby would be more rewarding for have allowed us to share your personal con­ ago r took a chance and gradually eliminated him if he focused his modeling on a specific cepts of Modeled From The Prototype layouts articles that were "freelance" and focused prototype. You can see how that magic-the with others in our monthly "layout tour" fe a­ more and more on modeling from the proto­ joy that can come by shifting from generic tures. And a dozen or so new photographers type. About five years ago, I realized that model railroading to modeling fro m the proto­ and authors join this jolly band each year. being the best in this "Modeling From The type-for yourself in Saint Paul this July. They've discovered that it's even more fun to Prototype" field would be far more rewarding I was a fi ckle prototype modeler, however. share modeling from the prototype with fe l­ fo r me, for the contributors, and for the read­ In 1965, I dropped the Sierra for a new passion low modelers. ers, so that became the only focus of the mag­ because, agai n, a book appeared: Morris I you are reading this magazine, you likely azine. About a year ago, I "came out of the I' Cal'ky's 467-page (plus maps) COLORADO share the goal of modeling a real railroad. The closet" and declared publicly at clinics and on MIDLAND was published in 1965 and here, prototype-specific models. books. historical the cover of the magazine that this was indeed to me, was the ultimate prototype railroad. I societies and Railll10del .Ioul'I1al, along with the number one magazine-for those whose was charmed by the 2-8-0 and 4-6-0 steam your own research, provide the possibility of dream was "Modeling From The Prototype." locomotives that were so common just after recreating entire scenes with the models and the I defined that dream in the editorial a year the lUrn of the century. In the sixties, a lot of us action that precisely duplicates specific proto­ ago. so I won't repeat it here. What I will do were-now, it may be GP9s and U-boats, or type railroads. This Modeling From The is share how your dream has been mine all lashups of Dash-9s. My personal dreams of Prototype is diffe rent traditional model along. from recreating the Colorado Midland never ra ilroading. Will you compromise? Of course. reached any further than buying one or two My hope and plan is that "The Journal" can Ta king Modeling From The Prototype each of the six brass CM locomotives, then help you minimize those compromises. Our Personally creating cast-metal locomotive kits for my goal is to help you to be aware of exactly what My personal goal of modeling from the Locomotive Company (also out of production) you are compromising by accepting variations prototype dates back to about 1960. Back in that included CM models, two 1900-era pas­ in your models as compared to the prototype. the early fifties, I'd wanted to model a Union senger trains kit-converted from MDC and And the articles in "The Journal" are all select­ Pacific branchline in HO scale, but there was We stwood parts, and series of scratchbuilt ed to make Modeling From The Prototype an no hope of getting the correct equipment, so [ buildings that were fe atured in Model "attainable" goal-the exact-prototype replicas free lanced. When Dorothy Newell Dean's RC/I'lroading magazine in the eighties. I also on these pages begin with kits, only some of the book, THE SfERRA RAILWAY appeared on prepared a trackplan 1'01' a double-deck, two­ prototype structures that we present as scale the shelves or the Original Whistle Stop in car garage-size 1-1 0 scale version of the plans are designed ro be built from scratch (and Pasadena, California in 1960, I found what I Colorado Midland which appeared in 1975 in those using the simple scribe-and-snap tech­ had intuited existed; a real railroad that I Vo lume lof the MODEL RAILROADING niques with styrene walls and ready-made win­ could actually model. Here was the kind of HANDBOOK (also published by Chilton and dows). With the information you see on these railroading that Frank Ellison wrote about in long out of print). pages you can make informed decisions, not the fo rties, but on a scale closer to what John The Maryland Pe nnsylvania is another just guesses about what's important to enhance Allen was modeling in the sixties-the charmer, an eastern version of the Sierra or your experience and what is not. Yo u-not any Sierra's number 38 was the actual prototype Colorado Midland. In 1978 I created yet magazine nor any internet message-are the for the brass 2-6-6-2 articulated that PFM another garage-size plan, this one for a Ma & only one who can decide what models you will imported and that was so prominent on John Pa-prototyped layout, for Vo lume II of allow as "stand-ins" for the prototype and which Allen's layout. If I arranged my trackwork in Chilton's MODEL RAILROADING HAND­ ones must be accurate recreations on your own the pattern of the prototype Sierra Railway, BOOK series (also out of print). The germ that model railroad. And, really, much o(this goes scratchbuilt buildings to match the pho­ made these plans possible was the introduction on in your imagination. None of us, not me, 110t tographs, and created scenery to match what of a series of brass locomotives for the more a single author or photographer. is [lying to still existed in the ce11lral California foothills important Ma & Pa engines. With those repli­ change your beliefs. Yo ur choice of scale or of the Sierra Nevada mountains, I could pose cas, it was well worth the trouble to recreate level of detail is only important to you. [f you that PFM 2-6-6-2 (and the imported brass 2- the track arrangements. the buildings, the can imagine that operating a Lionel layout on 8-0s and 2-6-2s that followed it) in complete scenery and, in all, the real railroad. When I the living room floor is modeling from the pro­ recreations of protype scenes. With the infor­ developed Model Railmading magazine from totype, then it is, because you believe it is. mation from the book, I could at least simu- a qual'terly miscellaneous magazine into a -Robert Schleicher RAILMODELjOURNAL 'JUNE 1999 15 [INTERMODAL]------

By Dua ne E. Buck

n the present hobby market, there are many trailer configura­ tions available to modern intermodal modelers. However, the choices for those who are interested in early TOFC opera­ This photo depicts the unmodified trailer version built as described in the kit instructions. tions are very limited. Oh, for some pro­ totypically correct 24-foot trailers of the early fifties made of plastic, not plaster. The major problem encountered, in doing this project, was the absence of definitive information. GN flatbed trail­ ers were few in number and did not seem to be of much interest to photographers and historians. Detailed GN records on this subject have proven to be elusive. With the assistance of two friends, Don Halffi eld and Richard Yaremko, a list of the GN 40-foot flatbeds was com­ pi led. These trailers are listed below: The "short" bulkhead of the original version is shown here for the purpose of comparsion with the G383-388 Painted dark green. "extended" bulkhead version. G393-396 Painted dark green. G403-4 1S Painted dark green. RGNZ 30600-30609 Painted white. RGNZ 304907-3049 16 Painted white. It is always desirable to model from prototype photographs. To this end, pho­ tos of trai lers G394 and G39S were found on pages 110 and 112, respective­ ly, in GREAT NORTHERN EQUlP­ MENT COLOR PICTORIAL, Book Two, by Scott R. Thompson and pub­ lished by FOLir Ways West Publications. G388 and RGNZ 3049 13 were depicted on page 67 of David H. Hickcox's book, GN COLOR GUIDE TO FREIGHT AND PA SSENGER EQUIPMENT, pub­ lished by Morning Sun Books. These photos showed the possibilities for mod­ eling three different flatbed configura­ G394 shows the modified trailer with the bulkhead side extension. tions.

16 RAILMODELjOURNAL 'JUNE 1999 Modeling the Intermodal The bulkhead extensions and spare tire configuration can be seen in this photo. Flatbeds The first model was built strictly in accordance with the instructions provid­ ed in the kit and without any modifica­ tions. This configuration had the "short" wrap-around bulkhead on the front of the trailer. [t was numbered G395 because it matched the trailer in the photo men­ tioned above. After assembling the model frame, it was primed. It was then sprayed with the dark green. The rims were painted with aluminum before installing the tires and being attached to the trailer. The mud flaps were painted black and added to the trailer. At this point the decals were applied using those provided with the kit. The herald had an incomplete border in the upper right hand quadrant which was found in all four kits. 1 used weathering to hide this flaw. However, others might want to replace these heralds with 24- inch ones from Champ or Microscale. The model was oversprayed with DullCote to hide the decal shine and to seal the decals. The weathering was accomplished by spraying rust, grimy black and founda­ tion colors, in that sequence, on the model. Weathering should be used with moderation unless one is trying to hide construction flaws or a bad fi nish. Weathering on the wooden deck was done by brushing a mix of diluted drift­ wood and oak stains on the deck. One part driftwood and oak was diluted with five parts of Diosol. The deck sections were slightly too long, and the ends had to be lightly sanded for proper fit. The wooden decking and light lenses were added to complete the model. The second two models were built by fo llowing the kit instructions as with ver­ sion one. However, they were then mod­ ified by adding the kit-provided spare tire racks under the chassis and by extending the sides of the front-mounted bulkheads. Add the spare tire rack using the kit instructions. The spare tires to go into these racks were "liberated" from an old Athearn COE truck kit. The two bulkhead extensions were fabricated fro m unused part number 21. This was done by cutting two parts, one fro m each side which includes the first two supports. The two cuts were made to the inside (toward the center) of the sec­ ond support, on each side, to form the extensions. The fo ur supports, two on each extension, were cut flush with the bottoms of the two extensions. After smoothing the "cut" surfaces by sanding, glue the extensions to the previously . RAILMODELjOURNAL JUNE 1999 17 inch end of the side sections fl ush with the front. The front edges of the trai ler bed must be shaped to the prototype contour. Please see the accompanying model pho­ tos. Additionally, the outside sections of the wooden decking must be shaped accordingly. Glue the new bulkhead structure around the front of the trailer bed. The structure should be flush with the bottom of the bed. The bulkhead supports were installed bulkhead and the trailer plat­ and sides were made from .020-inch constructed from .060-inch channel. Five form edges. The flush ends abut to the sheet styrene. The front section was cut pieces were cut in 5/8 inch lengths to bulkhead with the ends having the sup­ to a 29/32-inch length and a height of 5/8 form the long supports, whi Ie one short ports toward the rear of the trai IeI'. inch. The sides, to provide the two wrap­ support, 11/32 inch in length, was also A small equipment box, to be attached around sections, were cut to 15/32 inch made. Two of the long supports were to the bulkhead front, was made from a lengths. The forward edge of the sides glued in place at each end where the piece of .020 x .020-inch strip styrene. The are 5/8 inch high, tapering to 1/2 inch in front bulkhead and side sections were piece was cut to 3/32 inch, painted sepa­ height to the rear. The sides were scored glued together. These supports will also rately with aluminum, and installed after in two places so that they could be bent cover the seams where the front bulk­ the main trailer structure was painted with to match the contour of the prototype. head and sides meet. Measuring from the the dark green. The "box" is located 3/64 The first score is located 1/8 inch from right side of the front bulkhead, add two inch in from the right front edge of the the front edge, with the second 3/ 16 inch long supports with a spacing of 3/32 inch bulkhead and 9/64 inch from the bottom of from the same edge. Remember, there between. On the opposite side, add first the trailer platform base. These trailers are two opposite sides, and they should the short and then the other long support were painted using the same format as be scored accordingly (hmm, the voice in the same fashion as the other side with described in version one. of experience is speaking again!). the 3/32-inch separations. The fourth trailer was modified to Scoring the sides about half way through An equipment box was made from duplicate the more modern RGNZ ver­ the .020-inch pieces and scribing the cut .040 x .060-inch strip styrene cut to 5/32 sion (circa '66), and it requires scratch­ to a V-shaped furrow will make the bend­ inch in length. This "box" was separate­ building a different style wrap-around ing process easier. Glue the side sections ly painted with aluminum. After the trai l­ bulkhead. The main bulkhead structure to the front bulkhead section with the 5/8 er frame and bulkhead were painted with white, the "box" was installed between the outside and small support on the left Bill of Materials front part and 3/32 inch from the bottom Athearn: 1 10723 Oak (if not available of the bulkhead. 55012 Tires (pair) substitute ] 10742 Dark Walnut) Next, a frame was made to accommo­ date the electrical connection cables. Th is frame was made from 5/32-inch Campbell: SMP Aceu-Paint: (.1 56-inch) channel and .020 x .060-inch 256 Chain (12 inches) 1 Stencj] White styrene strip. The channel was cut to a 2 Stencil Black*-3 parts length of 3/16 inch and was tapered start­ Evergreen: 30 CN Green-2 parts ing at 3/32 inch from the top and angling to the bottom. A 5/32-inch piece of .020 102 .0 10 .040-inch styrene snip 31 Brunswick Green-3 parts x x .060-inch strip was cut and glued to the j 03 .O J 0 x .060 styrene strip 33 Reading Green-2 parts upper end of the channel to form a cap. 123 .020 x .060 styrene strip 39 Alkyd Brown-2 parts The frame was glued into place between 26 1 .060- jnch styrene channel 40 Aluminum the two center supports and flush with 265 .]56-jnch styrene chalU1el 98 Grey Primer the bottom of the bulkhead. Four number * Also used on mud fl aps 77 holes were drilled through the frame 9020 .020-inch styrene sheet in a square pattern, and fo ur pieces of Testors: fine electrical wire salvaged from the Lonestar Models: ] 160 DullCote famous (infamous?) scrap box were 50 16 Trailmobile flatbed trailers glued in the holes to simulate the con­ nectors. The wire was cut to 3/8-inch Microscale: lengths. PA INT & DECALS MC-4060 GN RDC-3 (Heralds­ The tri m across the top of the main Floquil: white trai ler) bulkhead structure was made from a l­ 1 10013 Grimy Black 87-93-2 Black, Condensed Gothic inch piece of .0 10 x .060-inch strip styrene. Glue this piece in place, flush 110073 Rust alphabet and numbers (white with the back of the bulkhead. The trim 1 10084 Foundation trailer) for the tops of the side sections was 1 10720 Driftwood (if not available made from .0 10 x .040-inch strip. Two substitute 1107 18 Grey) pieces are required for each side .

18 RAILMODELjOURNAL -JUNE 1999 Therefore, two 3/l6-inch and two 1/8- A trailer, with a lumber load, has been placed on a TOFC modified flat car. inch pieces were cut. The heraldon this trailer type is locat­ Since this article was written, decals R. Halffield Sr., 3 N. 897 Ferson Creek ed on a sheet metal circle mounted in the fo r the RGNZ have been released. The Rd., St. Charles, IL 60 174-1133, Phone: center of the bulkhead. The smallest cir­ decal sets may be ordered from: Donald 1-630-584-2685. RMJ cle was selected from those provided in the kit parts. The circle was glued to the two center bulkhead supports with the top edge abutted against the top trim piece. The 3/ 1 6-inch pieces are installed to be flush with the main bulkhead trim and must be slightly tapered on the after end (how can you tell that I used to be in the Navy?). This taper will allow the 1/8- inch piece to fi t"snugly against the 3/16- inch trim piece. These trim pieces are glued flush with the inside of the side bulkhead extensions. Note that this side trim does not extend all the way to the rear of the side bulkhead sections. The longer bulkhead extensions can be seen on G413. The trailers shown here are loaded with com­ The entire truck frame, with bulkhead, ponents to build ICBM silos. -Photo from the collection of Donald S. Halffield Sr. and the BNSF was primed flnt and then painted white. As archives with the other trailers, the rims were paint­ ed aluminum before installing the tires, and the mud flaps were painted black before attaching them to the trailer. The decal lettering is unique and, fortu­ nately, is available in Microscale set 87-93- 2 (Black Condensed Gothic). The smallest ,..,---- letteling and numerals were lIsed on the front of the bulkhead in the upper leftcor­ ner. The next largest size was used on both bulkhead side extensions. The letters/num­ bers must be installed individually (now you know why I wear bifocals). The only available herald with the correct red and black colors with a clear background was a 24-inch one from Microscale set MC-4060 (for the GN RDC). The herald should be 30 inches in diameter, but since only the 24- inch was available, it was used. After an overspray of DullCote, the unit was weathered with rust and grimy black colors. The wooden decking and Light lens­ es were added. It was common practice to hang restraining chains from the edge of the trailer bed when the chains were not in use. Accordingly, chains were affixed with a very small amount of contact cement. Trailer G404 shows the original short bulkhead configuration and a container load. -Photo from the collection of Donald S. Halffield Sr. and the BNSF archives

RAILMODELJOURNAL . JUNE 1999 19 [PERFORMANCE] ------EIDGP20 w ...... By Guy Th rams

he Electro-Motive Division of General Motors CoqJoration started production of 2,000-horsepower GP20s in November 1959 with approxi­ mately 260 units produced unti l April 1962. Life-Like Product's N scale model version of the low-nose GP20 with dynamic brakes has all the extra detai l assembled to the body shell, including the fine .0 I 5-inch-diameter hand rails, ancl is ready to run. The dynamic brake feature is a separate insert, and Life-Like offers the GP20 without dynamic brakes to match the prototype. The undecorated GP20 includes both the dynamic brake and the non-dynamic brake inserts.

Inside the Powered Model The injection-molded plastic body shell ancl sill fits snugly over the die-cast metal

20 RAILMODELJOURNAL · JUNE 1999 chassis (mainframe) halves. An open frame, double shaft motor with two ily­ wheels and worm. drive all eight blackened drive wheels. The truck assemblies pivot freely under the chassis and contain the worm gear and compound spur gear train that power the drive wheels.

Electrical Hardware The pointed ends of the metal half axles contact and run in matching copper alloy metal strips mounted inside the outboard plastic truck frame, ensuring all eight wheels have electl;cal pickup. These cop­ per alloy strips on each side of the trucks project above the truck frame and contact a stamped copper alloy flat spring strip retained in each side of the metal fuel tank ponion of the chassis casting. The five­ pole, skewed-armature motor has copper alloy metal contact strips attached to the brush holders that touch each chassis half to complete the electrical pickup. The head­ Lights and numberboards are illuminated RAILMODEL JOURNAL with amber light emitting diodes (LEDs) . soldered to a tiny printed circuit board ------LOCOMOTIVE PERFORMANCE REPORT NO. 134 Life-Like EMD GP20 (PCB) with a resistor. The PCBs are a push . fit into slots in the chassis halves which N Scale complete the electrical connection through Action Analysis: Observed Performance: the traces on the PCB. The LEDs are direc­ tional and draw .0 13 amperes at 12 volts.

Other Observations The copper alloy flat spring-loaded strip retained in each side of the metal fuel tank may not be aligned properly to make good electrical pickup from the locomotive trucks. Ta ke a look under the sill to make certain the flat spring strip is straight along side of the metal chassis and making good contact on top of the truck contact point. If it is not properly aligned, the flat spring strip will be on the inside and/or outside of the truck(s) contact point. The misalignment could cause poor slow speed performance, derailments, and reduce the tractive force. The ilat spring will stay in position when the locomotive is placed on the track. The weight of the locomotive on the trucks keeps the ilat spring pushed up in position along the side of the chassis. If the PCBs are removed, be certain they are replaced with the trace side up or the directional feature of the LEDs will not be correct. That is, the LED will light in the reverse direction when run­ ning forward, and vice-versa. The body shell has fo ur small dimples inside that engage four small embosses on the frame. To remove the shell, grasp the fuel tank between your fingers of one hand, and the underside of the shell under Prototype Gear Ratios: 62:15 62:15 the cab windows with the fingers of your Top Speed: 65 mph 70 mph other hand. Pull the shell out gently while pulling the two assemblies apart. RMJ RAILMODELjOURNAL 'JUNE 1999 21 ------[PAINT DECALS] &

AAR50 ·TON 53'6" FLAT CARS

By Richard H. Hendrickson

The Chicago Great Western was apparently the first railroad to receive flat cars from Pullman-Standard of the design which, with very minor changes, became the AAR recommended practice 50-ton car. CGW's 3800-3899 series, delivered in 1940, was followed in 1944 by another 100 cars of the 3900- 3999 series, also from Pullman. In the summer of 1965, 25 years after it was built, CGW 3847 was at Baltimore, MD. Note its original equipment Symington coil-ellip­ tic trucks. -Howard Ameling photo

For some car types such as box and a handful of western raill"oads like the hopper cars, AAR standard designs had Great Northern, Northern Pacific, already been adopted. For others, the Southern Pacific, and Union Pacific. An AAR Committee on Car Construction overall length of from 52 feet to 53 feet 6 submitted a number of designs in inches made it easier to accommodate October 1941 as "Recommended 50-foot loads, however, and the AAR Practice." Among these were three flat recommended practice design estab­ cars. One, the subject of this article, was lished 53 feet 6 inches as the standard a 50-ton, 53-foot 6-inch riveted-steel car flat car length in the 1940s and 1950s. based on a design built in 1940-4 1 for the Deck height above the rails was also Chicago Great Western, Soo Line, notable. At a fraction over 3 feet 7 inch­ Monon, and Union Pacific by the es, it was lower than on most previous Pullman-Standard Car Co. The others flat cars, so that taller loads could be car­ were a 70-ton, 53-foot 6-inch riveted car ried without exceeding clearance limits. built by the Greenville Steel Car Co. for In fact, it could not have been any lower the Erie railroad and a 70-ton, 50-foot car without recessing the deck to make it with one-piece cast-steel underframe flush with the tops of the bolsters and built by the Pennsylvania railroad as its draft gear housings, as was done on the orld War II began class F30A. No additional cars of the AAR 70-ton flat car. to sweep across Pennsylvania railroad F30A design were The AAR 50-ton flat cars had deep Europe in 1939 and 1940. In the United built, but many railroads ordered cars of fi shbelly center and side sills and unusu­ States, though isolationist sentiments either the SO-ton or 70-ton ri veted ally wide overhanging decks, with hori­ were strong in some quarters, it seemed designs beginning in 1941-42. zontal steel angles between the stake obvious to many in both the government pockets supporting the deck planking and the railroad industry that the U.S. Construction Details where it extended beyond the side sills. would become actively involved in the The AAR 50-ton flat cars were There were 15 pressed-steel stake pock­ conflict sooner or later. Anticipating the unusually long relative to most of the ets on each side, plus two through the production problems and material short­ general-purpose flat cars that had preced­ deck at each end, and the center pockets ages that would result, the federal gov­ ed them. Flat cars of 40 to 45 feet in on the sides were offset to the right to ernment requested the Association of length had been the norm in the decade avoid interfering with the rivets that American Railroads to identify up-to­ that followed World War I, and SO-foot secured the center frame crossmember to date designs for each of the major freight cars had not begun to appear in signifi­ the side sills. This distinctive feature dif­ car types which could be produced rapid­ cant numbers until the late 1920s. In the fe rentiates cars of this design from other ly and economically with existing tool­ 1930s, some cars longer than 50 feet fl at cars of simi lar appearance and ing. were built but only in small numbers for dimensions.

22 RAILMODELJOURNAL . JUNE 1999 The Union Pacific F-50-11 class, series 57000-57299, was built by Pullman-Standard in mid-1941. These were the immediate ancestors of the AAR rec­ ommended-practice design. When new, these UP cars were painted oxide red with white stenciling, except for the slogans which were yellow. "Serves All The West" was in gothic lettering on the left side of each car. -Union Pacific Railroad Museum photo, Terry Metcalfe collection Almost all cars built to the AAR rec­ ommended practice design in the early­ to-mid- 1 940s had AAR cast-steel trucks, usually of the self-aligning spring-plank­ less variety. Those built in the late 1940s and 1950s were more likely to have "ride control" trucks with built-in bolster snubbers, the most popular types being ASF A-3s and Barber S-2s. Hand brakes on most cars were of the geared vertical staff type with drop-type mechanisms so the staff and wheel could be lowered to clear overhanging loads, with semi-cir­ cular cut-outs in the deck at the B end to accommodate the brake wheels when lowered. (A small number of cars built for the Western Maryland in 1943 were In 1954 the UP fitted a double deck carrier for International pickup trucks onto one of its F-50-11 exceptions, as they had "side-saddle" class flat cars and renumbered it UP 5800. Though a short-lived experiment, this car foreshadowed Aj ax hand brakes that were mounted at the multi-level auto carriers that were built in large numbers in the 1960s. -W. C. Whittaker photo the edge of the deck on the left side.)

The 'War Emergency' Va riants When the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor in December 1941 plunged the United States into war, control of the nation's industry was already in the hands of the War Production Board and the construction of freight cars was sharply curtailed. Owing to a severe shortage of sheet steel, the AAR Car Construction Committee undertook a crash program to re-design the standard In mid-1947, the Union Pacific shifted to all-yellow stenciling on freight cars; paint was still oxide red. and recommended-practice cars so that UP 57106, photographed at Council Bluffs iii March 1970, shows what the F-50-11s looked like in wood could be used in place of steel later years. This car had been reweighed and repainted at Los Angles in April 1967. Lumber loads, wherever it would not compromise struc­ like this one from Boise-Cascade, were among the most common shipments carried by general-ser­ tural integrity. The resulting "war emer­ vice flat cars in the 1940s through 1970s. -Lou Schmitz photo gency" composite designs were approved in October 1942. In the case of the recommended practice flat cars, how­ ever, the only sheet steel parts which could be replaced with wood were the floor stringers, which were completely invisible except from underneath the car. Several hundred "war emergency" vari­ ants of the 50-ton flat car were built in 1943 and 1944 with wood floor stringers before the restrictions on the use of sheet steel were lifted.

Postwar Production The Chicago & North Western, which eventually owned the largest fleet of AAR 50-ton flat cars with With the end of the war in 1945, fu ll­ a total of 800 cars, received its first order from Pullman-Standard in 1942. C&NW 46557 came two scale production of new freight cars was years later as one of 250 cars delivered by Pullman-Standard in 1944. It's shown here, with a load resumed and orders poured into the car of six-wheel trucks, shortly after being reweighed and repainted at Council Bluffs in May 1950. builders. Through the late 1940s and -George Sisk photo, Charles Winters collection

RAILMODELjOURNAL . JUNE 1999 23 into the 1950s, the AAR 50-ton recom­ mended-practice fiat car continued to be built for a variety of raill'Oads. By the early 1950s, riveted flat cars were declin­ ing in popularity owing to the increasing acceptance of both cast-steel and weld­ ed-steel construction. However, some When the Louisville & Nashville got its first AAR 50-ton flat cars early in 1943, they were "war emer­ railroads continued to purchase AAR 50- gency" versions with wood floor stringers. L&N 21057, with trucks whitewashed for greater visibili­ ton flat cars until 1957, when the last ty, posed for American Car & Fo undry's company photographer when new. L&N ordered additional new cars of this design were delivered to cars (but with steel floor stringers) from Greenville in 1947. -AC&F photo, Hawkins-Wider-Long the St. Louis Southwestern. collection The AAR 50-ton flat cars were well engineered and strongly built, so most of them lasted a long time; in fact, a few are still in service today, though no longer in interchange. As railroad freight traffic T became increasingly specialized in the 1950s and 1960s, many of these original­ ly all-purpose flat cars were modified for specific assignments. Some were equip­ ped with side rails, trailer hitches, tiedowns, and bridge plates for trailer­ Atlantic Coast Line was another ra ilroad that received a War Production Board allocation of "war on-fiat-car service. Others got end bulk­ emergency" 50-ton flat cars. In 1943 the ACL got 172 cars numbered 77000-77099 from the heads for plasterboard and lumber load­ Greenville Steel Car Co. and 300 cars numbered 77172-77471 from Pullman-Standard. This GSC ing, tiedowns for auto frames, or fi ttings builder's shot shows the first car of the P-13 class as delivered. for securing bulk containers. One Union -Greenville Steel Car Co. photo, Hawkins-Wider-Long collection Pacific car was even modified (though only briefly) with a pioneer double-deck superstructure for loading light motor trucks. Owners and roster information are shown in the table. Some of the data pre­ sented here were generously provided by Ed Hawkins, Lloyd Keyser, Terry Metcalfe, Byron Rose, and Pat Wider. In addition to the photos that accompany this article, there are photos of Soo Line and Nickel Plate AAR 50-ton flat cars in the 1946 issue (17th Edition) of the CAR BUILDER'S CYCLOPEDIA, which was published by Simmons-Boardman and is archived in many research and railroad history libraries.

Illustrating the durability of the AAR Recommended Practice design, ACL 77181 was still in good The Models shape and earning revenue in the mid-1960s, shortly before ACL and Seaboard Air Line merged to Limjted-production HO scale mold­ form the Seaboard Coast Line railroad. Note that the original trucks had been replaced with ASF A- ed-resin craftsman kits for the AAR 50- 3 "ride control" trucks retrofitted with roller bearings. This car had been reweighed at Waycross, ton fiatcars have been available for brief Georgia in February 1965. -Larry Goolsby collection periods in the past, from Westrail in the late 1980s and most recently from Byron Rose of Pittsburgh Scale Models. Now, for the first time, factory-painted and let­ tered injection-molded plastic kits for these cars are being offered in HO as the latest additions to the Life-Like Proto 2000 line. Like previous Proto 2000 freight cars, they are highly accurate and well detailed, with one-piece injection­ molded styrene bodies, separate molded styrene decks, and del icate, precisely American Car & Foundry delivered 300 "war emergency" 50-ton flat cars to the Northern Pacific in molded steps, grabirons, and hand brake June 1943. NP put them to good use hauling lumber from mills in the Cascades and the Rockies. In parts. later years, some of them were equipped for trailer-on-flat-car loading and others were equipped with The kits include Life-Like's AAR end bulkheads. -AC&F photo, Hawkins-Wider-Long collection self-aligning spring-plankless trucks with frames molded in engineering plas-

24 RAILMODELJOURNAL 'JUNE 1999 tic. Wheelsets are of die-cast metal on nylon axles. Two types of couplers, both the infamous horn-hooksty le and Kadee­ compatible magnetically operated knuckle couplers, are also provided. A design problem for all plastic flat car models is how to provide enough weight for reliable operation if the model is to be built without a load. Life-Like's solution Another recipient of AC&F- built "war emergency" 50-ton flat cars was the Missouri Pacific's is ingenious. A 2 lh-ounce die-cast metal International-Great Northern subsidiary. The I-GN got 100 cars in June 1943 numbered 8500-8599. sub-floor/centersill spine/car weight fi ts In the 1960s some of these cars were equipped for auto frame service and more than half of them inside the body molding and underneath had end bulkheads installed for plasterboard loading. the deck. This brings the weight of the fin­ -AC&F photo, Hawkins-Wider-Long collection 1 ished model to about 3 h ounces which, though an ounce or so less than the ideal weight called for by NMRA recommend­ ed practice RP 20. l, is enough to provide adequate tracking qualities. Those who wish to add another ounce can do so either in the form of a model load or, if the car is empty, as extra weight secured underneath where it isn't visible when the model is on the track. The first models to be released repre­ The Western Maryland had a small order (25 cars) of "war emergency" 50-ton flat cars built by AC&F sent cars owned by Atlantic Coast Line, in May 1943. These cars deviated from the AAR design in that they had Ajax geared hand brakes Ch icago & North Western, Denver & Rio mounted on vertical supports on the side sills, rather than at the ends of the cars. Within a few years Grande Western, Minneapolis & St. they were fitted with end bulkheads for pulpwood service. Louis, Nickel Plate Road, and Northern -AC&F photo, Hawkins-Wider-Long collection Pacific, plus an undecorated version. Paint and lettering are up to the theusual Proto 2000 standards: prototypically accurate, complete to the last detail, and very prec isely rendered. Coming in a second run later this year will be Chesapeake & Ohio, [llinois Terminal, Louisville & Nashville, Rock Island, St. Louis Southwestern, Union Pacific, and Western Maryland. Life-Like's assembly instructions are clear and complete, and the simplicity of the models makes them easy to build. In joining the deck to the body, I found a The Mt. Vernon Car Manufacturing Company built 200 AAR 50-ton flat cars for the Denver & Rio couple of dozen spring clothespins help­ Grande Western in early 1944. They were followed in 1951 by an additional 50 cars built in the rail­ fu l to hold the edges of the deck firmly in road's own shops. D&RGW 22087 is shown here, looking much as it appeared when first delivered, except for wear and tear on its wood deck, at Denver in February 1962. place until the cement had set. The only -Frank Peacock photo details not included in the kits are uncou­ pling levers; I added tbese, using Detail Associates formed-wire parts. 1 also replaced the kits' plastic steps and gra­ birons with wire parts for better appear­ ance and durability, as well as distressing and weathering the decks to more close­ ly resemble well-used wood. Empty flat cars are generally regard­ ed as being pretty dull, though in the interest of realism every model railroad needs at least one or two of them. The loads carried on flat cars, on the other hand, are often among the more visually interesting features of prototype railroad­ ing, and modeling them is well worth some special effort. A follow-up article The Chesapeake & Ohio was allocated 100 50-ton flat cars of AAR design by the War Production in a future issue of "The Journal" will Board for delivery in 1944. Built by the Ralston Steel Car Co. of Columbus, Ohio, they were num­ illustrate a wide variety of flat car loads, bered 80625-80724. C&O 80653 is shown here in the early 1970s, still in revenue service. both prototype and model. RMJ -Frank Peacock photo

RAILMODELJOURNAL . JUNE 1999 25 50-ToN FLAT CARS AAR RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 50-TON FLAT CARS NO. YR. RR OWNER NUMBER SERIES BLT. BLT. BUILDER CLASS NOTES

Atlarllic Coast Line 77000·77099 172 1943 Greenville P 13 In the 1 9505, some cars in both series were equipped for 77172-7747 1 300 1943 Pullman 1' 14 TOFC service: other cars were filled with bulkheads for plasterboard loading or speci al fixtures for pallclized lumber loading. Chesapeake & Ohio 80625-80724 100 1944 Ralston In the I 950s. many cars were equipped with special fixtures for loading auto frames or palletized lumber. and some cars had bulk­ heads installed for plasterboard loading. Chicago Grem Westcl11 3800-3899 100 1940 Pullman In the late 940s, some cars in bOlh series were con­ I 3900-3999 100 1944 Pullman verted for TOFC service. In the I 950s. some cars in both series were equipped with end bulkheads. Chicago. Indianapolis & Louisville (Monon) 7000-7059 60 1941 Pullman In the 950s. a few cars were equipped with I 7201-7250 50 1952 Greenville bulkheads and some were convened for TOFe service. Chicago & North Western 4400 -44599 300 1946 ML Vernon Odd numbers only. all three series. In the 950s, 57 I I 45601-46099 250 1942 Pullman cars were convened for TOFC service, 20 46 101-46599 250 1944 Pullman were equipped for auto frame loading, and one had been filled with end bu lkheads. By the late I 960s, 42 cars in TOFC service had been renumbered into the 4830 1 -48427 series and 45 cars equipped for auto frame loading were renumbered into the 55600-55799 series . Cl i nchlield 10100- 10149 50 1946 AC&F In the early 1960s, one car had tie-downs for auto frame loading� latcr. two cars were equipped for loading tractors. Denver & Rio Grande Western 22000-22 199 200 1944 MI. Vernon In the 1950s, 155 cars in both series were 22200-22249 50 1951 RR Shops equipped with bulkheads for l oad­ wallboard ing and renu mbered into the 22247-22473 series. In the 19605, two cars gOI Brandon cushion tie-downs for coil test loading. Elgin. Joliet & Eastern 6375-6574 200 1942 Ralston In the late 1950s. 28 cars were equipped with 6575-6774 200 1947 AC&F Brandon cushion lie-downs for coil steel loading and renumbered 6800-6827. International-Great Northern (Missouri Pacific) 8500·8599 100 1943 AC&F By the early 1 9605, 8 500-8549 and 19 cars in the 8550-8599 scries were equipped with bulkheads and tie-downs for plasterboard and lumber service, and 15 cars were equipped for auto frame loading. By the late 19605. 19 of the bulkhead Cars had received side boards for brick loading und only one car remained in general service.

Illinois Te rminal 1100-1149 50 1945 AC&F Kansas City SOllthern 1000- 1199 200 1954 AC&F In the late 1950s, 15 cars were modified for TOFC service and 20 cars were equipped for Huto frame loading.

Louisville & Nashville 2 1 000-2 1 099 100 1943 AC&F 21 100-21399 300 1947 Greenville Minneapolis & SI. Louis 23501 -23799 150 '45-'48 RR Shops Odd numbers only, bOlh series. Gradually resten­ 2380 1 -23999 100 1952 GATC ciled Chicago & North Western after 1960. Nickel PI me Road 3000-3049 50 1942 Pullman In the 1950s, 24 cars were converted for TOFC service. In the 960s, 20 cars were equipped I for truck frame loading. Gradually re s\encil ­ cd Norfolk & Western after 1964 and renum­ bered by prefixing "20" to their original numbers. Northern Pacific 62000-62299 300 1943 AC&F In the 1950s. 75 cars we re converted for TOFC service and renumbered in t.he 65000-65 109 and 65 1 35-65 159 series. Many cars a lso got end bulkheads and were renumbered in the 67006-67087 series.

Rock Island 91100-9 1599 500 1951 RR Shops In the 1950s and early 960s, 23 cars got bulkheads I for plasterboard and lumber loading, and II cars were equipped for auto frame loading. Five cars had racks installed for various types of cargo containers, and 2 cars were equipped for pipe loading. Soo Line 520 1 -5399 100 1941 Pullman Odd numbers only. In the late 1950s, one car was filled with side and end boards for bulk sulphur loading. SI. Louis Southwestern (Callan Belt) 85000-85074 75 1955 Greenville In the late 19505 and 1960s. various cars from 85075-85 124 50 195� Greenville both series got end bulkheads for plaster­ board loading. In the 1960s, one car was equipped for tractor loading and 16 cars for auto frame loading.

Union Pacific 57000-57299 300 1941 Pullman 1'-50- 11 Inthe early 19505. 30 cars were equipped with racks for auto body loading and renumbered in the 570000-572990 series and 2 cars were equipped for truck cab loading and renum­ bered 5722 and 5728. By the early 960s. the I body cars were gone, and there were 6 truck cab cars numbered 15700- 1 5705 and 3 cars had been filled with bulkheads for plaster­ board se rvice and renumbered 1 5500- 1 5502. In the mid- 1960s. 27 cars were equipped for auto frame loading and renumbered 257000- 257026 and 2 cars numbered 259020 and -02 1 were fitted with tie-downs for unspecified loading.

Western Maryland 2301-2325 25 1943 AC&F Side-mounted Ajax hand brakes. In the 1 9505, all got end bulkheads for pulpwood service and were renumbered 56-70.

26 RAILMODELJOURNAL . JUNE 1999 With World War II over and freight car production returning to normal, the Illinois Terminal railroad, a southern Illinois electric traction line with heavy freight traffic, received 50 AAR 50-ton flat cars in December 1945 from American Car & Foundry. This is a builder's portrait of ITC 1123. -AC&F photo, Hawkins-Wider-Long collection

ITC 1136 was in the San Diego & Arizona Eastern freight yard at San Diego, California in the late 1960s. San Diego was a long way from Southern Illinois, but flat cars in general service traveled everywhere on the North American rail­ road system carrying machinery, rough lumber, and other cargo that was difficult to load and unload but required no weather protection. -Richard Hendrickson photo

From 1945 to 1948, the Minneapolis & St. louis built 150 AAR 50-ton flat cars, numbered 23501-23799 (odd numbers only), in its own shops. In 1983, long after the M&StL had been absorbed into the Chicago & North Western sys­ tem, one of the survivors was still in service at Belle Fouche, SD as maintenance-of-way car X1227. -Howard Vollrath photo, W.e. Whittaker collection

The Clinchfield received 50 AAR 50-ton flat cars from AC&F in 1946, numbered 10100-10149. They replaced some antiquated 40-foot cars as the only flat cars on the Clinchfield roster. CRR 10135 was photographed in the 1960s under the wires of one of the Pennsylvania Railroad's electrified lines. -Howard Ameling photo

After receiving 200 "war emergency" AAR flat cars from the Ralston Steel Car Co. of Columbus, Ohio in 1942, the Elgin, Joliet & Eastern ordered another 200 cars from AC&F at the end of the war. Here is EJ&E 6767 shortly after it was deliv­ ered in August 1947. Wedge-shaped pockets inside the openings in the truck bolsters identify the trucks as Barber Stabilized S-2s with built­ in bolster snubbers. -Jay Williams collection

In the mid-1960s EJ&E 6700 was photographed carrying a neatly stacked load of pipe. The steel banding shown here was widely used to secure loads to flat cars after it became widely available in the 1950s. -Rail Data Services photo

RAILMODELJOURNAL . JUNE 1999 27 [LAYOUT TOUR]

By Edwa rd E. Petry Photos by Robert Schleicher

NorthStur

n the heart of California's Mother Consolidations, Mikados, even an articu­ loged. Maps are especially hel pful in Lode Country, the 57-mile main­ lated and, of course, diesels (the S 12). All determining general terrain and locating line of the Sierra Railroad brings the out­ this with very little change to the rai lroad the right-of-way in relation to the "lay of side world to the miners, ranchers, Jog­ property gives me the chance to model and the land." Bui lding sites and other data gers and local industries by its inter­ operate several eras with very little are apparent by this method and by the change facilities with the Southern change: the turnof the century with medi­ use of photos. With the thought of mov­ Pacific and Atchison Topeka & Santa Fe um traffic and light locomotives, the hey­ ing, I decided to use a modular system to Railroads at Oakdale. The Sierra Railroad day of steam with heavier traffic and heav­ build the Sierra layout. This way it could meanders through the plains and into the ier locomotives, and the modern-day be moved or I could add on to it with a foothills of the Sierra Nevada Mountain diesel and steam railfan trips. By using our minimum of damage. I then decided range and reaches through some of the "modelers I icense" to overlook some of which terminals and sidings to model, famed "Gold Rush" country to the other the changes, this is easily accomplished. choosing the tracks that would give me end of the line at Tuolumne. The hub of This gives me an incomparable variety of the most in operation and scenic possi­ Sierra operations was Jamestown, located model railroading operations. bilities. The following are some of my near the center of the line, and is present­ ideas used in planning the Siena layout. ly California's Railtown 1897 museum. The Sierra in HO Scale First, it is a point-to-point layout with Present-day operations start and end in Collecting the proper locomotives, staging yards for off-line car storage sim­ Chinese Camp. Oakdale has the facility rol ling stock, and developing a track plan ulating Stockton on the SP, Riverbank on fo r servicing the Sierra's Baldwin S 12 that would "be" the Sierra in miniature, the ATSF, and points across the United Diesels and a new GP9. plus building structures from photos and States. This way you do not have the The Sierra Railroad to me is a model­ a few plans has been a challenge. Most of same cars continuously rotating on the ers dream, operating from the plains to the the Sierra's rolling stock and buildings railroad. Off-line cars are moved on and mountains, with industries related to sev­ wi II be scratchbui It. The equi pment, off the shortline railroads as soon as pos­ eral types of mining, ranching, fa rming track layout, buildings, etc., required a sible to avoid paying unnecessary per and logging. The railroad sports a variety considerable amount of research. Many diem for cars used. The Sierra, like many of motive power: switchers, prairies, books, articles, photographs and topo­ other shortlines, did not interchange Americans, IO-wheelers, Shays, Heislers, graphical maps were collected and cata- home road cars. 28 RAfLMODELJOURNAL . JUNE 1999 on the far left. -William A. Key Photo, Then 1 listed all the towns using infor­ Photo 10. Jamestown, with the Sierra round house mation from books, articles, photos and California State Railroad Museum collection people. Then the hard parts-what can 1 model of what I would like to model. Choosing the busiest terminals, the most interesting towns, and the areas that make up a part of the recognizable rai lroad. The 19-mile-long Angels Branch, which was abandoned and torn up in 1938, was unique because of its Stanislaus River crossing. Double switchbacks on each side of the river were used to bring the railroad down to an elevation of 50 feet above the river, enabling the Sierra to serve the mines along the river. The trestle curved on the west end and was straight on the other end. The 146-foot span of the eye-bar­ and-bolt, bent-wood tl1lSS blidge comprised a tota'! length of 300-plus-feet long. TIle length

of the switchbacks and the 4.2-percent grades operated joint trackage with the Sierra the terminals and other areas as much as limited the length of the trains to several cars, from Fassler to Ra.lph and operated to Soap possible without losing the effect desired a caboose and a small locomotive. I will be Creek Camp until 1968 when weevils got while sti ll maintaining reasonable capacity depicting these on my layout. into the Sugar Pines making the trees unfit on sidings. Care mllst be exercised if Westside Lumber Corporation Railroad for lumber. This was an interesting opera­ bui ldings are being compressed. 3-foot gauge (HOn3) connected with the tion and therefore necessary to model. Undersized structures may ruin a well­ Sierra at Tuolumne. This termjnal sported Hidden loops are used to give operating designed layout. Determining the size of some dual-gauge tracks as shown on the distance between terminals and increase buildings to be used before compressing plans. Westside is designed point to point. elevation between upper and lower bench­ the terminals can be advantageous (this The Hetch Hetchy Railroad was built work. Oakdale, which is 37 inches above was done on the Sierra layout.) by the city of San Francisco in the twen­ the floor, is the lowest point on my layout. When all the terminals are drawn to ties to bring the necessary suppl ies to scale, we can approximate the space build the dam in Yo semite National Park Designing a Trackplan needed. An L-shaped basement with a (0' Shaughnessy dam). This created a lot After deciding what terminals and 50-foot-long by 14-foot 3-inch-wide leg, of traffic on the Sierra Railroad. This sidings to model, ] laid out each town to plus a 34-foot-Iong by 13-foot 6-inch­ dam was the result of the great San a reasonable scale. I used a 1 inch = I foot wide leg, was available after successful­ Franscisco earthquake and fire of 1906. scale. For large terminals, this can get to be ly defending the space ! It was obvious by The Pickering Lumber Corporation a large drawing. I selectively compressed the number of towns that a two-level was RAfLMODELjOURNAL . JUNE 1999 29 • HE 51ERRA RAILWAY Photo 6. Modem..tfay Sierra with GP9 number 46 at the point and 5- inevitable, eventually g iving way to wind their way 12 number 40 as they dowll Canyon Ta nk grade. three levels in several places. "Crazy." Well, it helps. Arranging the towns in the proper order in the space is like putting a puzzle together. You may fi nd that all the towns chosen cannot be used . Con­ versely you may be able to add more (dream on). Keep in mind controlling factors needed for operation, such as dis­ tance between towns. 1 tried to use a 50 foot minimum between major towns. [ also tried to proportion distances. If the prototype has 10 miles and 2 miles in places, and if I had 60 feet, I would use about 50 feet and 10 feet. Remember that this is a shortline rail­ road, so length and speeds of trains are less than mainline railroads. Thi s can be an advantage.

Photo 7 . Wood chip loader at Chinese Camp, circa 1980.

Sierra Operations The Sierra's trains were limited to about 20 cars because of torturous 3-per­ cent grades on the mainline. More cars or small locomotives meant they doubled the hill or used helpers. As stated before, the Angels Branch was restricted to three cars, a caboose and locomotive because of switchbacks and grades. Maximum speeds for Sierra mainline freights was 15 mph, 30 mph for passenger trains, lower speeds fo r freight and mixed, and when they hauled dynamite, the speed was restricted to 10 mph. When determining the distance between terminals, a good ru le of thumb for HO scale speed i s I mph equals I foot traveled in one minute. Developing realistic timetable is a pretty hard using a regular clock, where trains would be seconds apart. By using a 6: I or slower fast clock the trains wi l l 30 RAILMODELJOURNAL ' JUNE 1999 appear minutes, even hours apart. (The Sierra will be using a 4: I fast clock.) The Sierra's timetable was set up like the pro­ totype. The Sierra's day started at 6:40 a.m. and ended at 6:30 p.m. provided there way no delays. This was about 12 hours of operation. On the model using a 4: 1 fast clock, it will take three actual hours to operate the prototype 12 hours . . Several ways of increasing time on the model include requiring station stops to receive orders and clearances to the next town, speed restrictions where the main­ line passes through yards or soft ground at culverts or areas where washouts are possible, and uti lizing hi dden loops. Hidden loops may also be used to gain elevation between towns. Several interesting effects found on branchline railroading are very little straight track and a method of construc-

Photo 8. Pickering Lumber Company's old main­ line as it wraps around the famous Peeled Onion mountain.

tion called "over the hill." Th is method Photo Sierra car shops at Jamestown maintenance fadllty, drca 1980. was used to cut construction costs of 5. making cuts and fills; they went over hills instead, creating a ro ller coaster effect. Using these ideas to connect the terminals I came up with the Sierra lay­ out. Before its final seal, however, con­ sider the benchwork and see how many changes will be needed. Make sure switches and switch links don't fall on a splice between modules or that a link (switch throw) hits a cross member. It's much easier to make adjustments now than during construction.

Building the Layout There are many good articles 011 bench work. I have used the conventional box type for the lower level, a can­ tilevered/modified box system fo r the upper level, and the L girder on a portion RAILMODELJOURNAL . JUNE 1999 31 � .... '" Z � III ;:=: :s:: a {II- o"., r-

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� ," 59 .IE POST , STRAIGHT CAMP 24 CAMP B RR SIDING ® LUM �IIJI IIIIDIl / \ 45 R1£R 1ANl WESTSIDE _ ER CO. - """'-- ..;- ---=--::..- - IOACJRA IJlM - __ L_� ::___ =_= =�_ � _ _ (lA1£1-J+H11\!R BROO: -Jt-i HI+(------'- -"--��.::--:::--=- c �= I-{ ------H I-t - -::..---::.:; � 1]) S»IJflOOlY ? :J:�� �,00 ® (fXlJ TUOLUMNE ; ® II.rlCtJlY :I ,,(SLCo.t. . SIERRA RAILROAD ! ' CD IN[ � - ill) MNTIIlII SIERRA ! '-______

SOUTHERN PACIFIC - STAGGING TO OAKDALE TO STAGGING O OF MAINLINE HETCH HETCHY - HETCH HETCHY JCT TO DAM SITE APPROXIMATELY 140' OF MAINLINE. (L OP) APPROXIMATELY 50' PICKERING LUMBER TO RALPH JOINT TRACKAGE WITH SIERRA, RALPH TO ATSF - STAGGING TO OAKDALE APPROXIMATELY 50' OF MAINLINE. CO. - FASSLER SOAP CREEK CAMP TOTAL APPROXIMATELY OF MAINLINE SIERRA - OAKDALE YARDS TO TUOLUMNE APPROXIMATELY 500' Of MAINLINE. 80' WESTSIDE LUMBER CO. HOn3 - TUOLU MNE CAMP APPROXIMATELY 60' OF MAINLINE SIERRA ANGELS BRANCH - JAMESTOWN TO ANGELS CAMP APP ROXIMATELY 60' OF MAINLINE ( ) TO 45 I AHD TO HEUX " BIG CREEK SIERRA RAILROAD THIRD LEVEL :I DRAWN f1'I EDWARD PETRY SCAlE: 1/4' = 1'-0" I I I I · J o l' 2' 3' " I ON LOWER LEVEL SEE LEGEND PLAN / f·------!

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34 RAILMODELjOURNAL 'JUNE 1999 Photo I. Sierra's SIZ. nunllbel'S 4�tt _�� l bound train at DryCree k, wf!!l'G.1f COiIJ"� 1980.

of the upper level. The L-girder type ------SIERRA HIDDEN WAIN UNE • required more depth fo r the bench work . ------SIDINGS/SPURS

---- SOUTHERN PACIFiC WAIN UNE - WINIWUW Benchwork is your decision as to what RADIUS 311' ------ATCHINSON TOPEKA SANTA FE WAIN UNE - WINWUW RADIUS '0I ------HETCH HETCHY WAINa. UNE - IIII1IWUII RADIUS 3!1' best suits your layout design. [t is recom­ 2A � .., mended that all structures should be made removable to minimize the chance of damage and facilitate lighting replace­ ment. Every other module has legs that support the layout, or bolted!cantilever a system. This way it is possible to start anywhere and disassemble the layout to replace or add a module. The cost is slightly more because of additional mate­ ..... rial needed, but if you ever move, i t is STAGING YARDOPERATINGA�K well worth the extra cost. Once we've

/ completed the bench work we can put in / the base for the roadbed. (J prefer 1/2-inch I 4-ply plywood.) I limited the span of the roadbed base to 16 inches maximum. For 1 the roadbed ] prefer h-i nch-thick Homosote over cork roadbed or other material because it's cheaper, has good sound insulation, holds spikes better, the spikes are readily removed, and it is not affected by small amounts of water used in scenery work. I used 3!4-inch drywall screws every 2 feet to fasten the Homosote to the roadbed base. Do not glue Homosote to the base because the expansion and contraction of the materi­ als is different and could cause buckling of the roadbed and track. This is also true when putting down the track; leave a 1/16-

RAILMODELJOURNAL . JUNE 1999 35 THE SIERRA RAILWAY

TO SPUR LOWERQUINN LEVEL

TO CHINESE

TO TUOLUMNE

NOTE: TRAC KS HERE ARE STACKEO VERTICALLY SAME PLANE IN

TO TUOLU�NE (S SEE LEVEL 3A 67 1/

1... ______--..,. "- "­ HETCH HETCHY RR "- "- SHOPS '1 CAR I SEE LOWER LEVEL THIS I PLAN FOR AREA A I SEE LEVEL THREE ND (8) PLAN FOR THIS AREA l \.

" " " " - - - '------­ - " ------_-/>�

36 RAILMODELJOURNAL ' JUNE 1999 inch gap between each end of a 3-foot section of track or rail; this will allow the

SEE LEGEND ON LOWER lEVtL PLAN rail to expand in the rail joiners without buckling the track. Expansion is not as TUTTLETOWN big a problem as contraction. Now, what size and type of track to RA RR.) use, flex or hand laid? This depends on the type of equipment to be used, how realis­ tic, and how advanced the modeler is. Some wheel flanges require code 100 rail, most other equipment will operate on code 70 rail. RP25 wheel flanges will operate on code 40 rail. The following sizes of rail are being used on the Sierra layout:

• Code 100 Atlas flex track in hidden areas because of cost

, • Code 70 mainline (hand laid and flex) for #; + 4i Hetch Hetchy RR and Pickering Lumber Co. � \ � � �ONES UINE • Code 40 for Angels Branch terminal #; � -It ::--.J r:J (hand laid). #;sWlrett_ BACK The reason I used various sizes of rail is because the faster the trains and the Y 108 heavier the loads, the heavier the rail required. Railroads usually upgraded the mainline and left the sidings and indus­ trial areas in the original lighter rail. The operating system being used is Rai1command, and the car forwarding system is Pro-Trak. Happy modeling! I hope my layout will be an inspiration to modelers of either small layouts or large ones. Thanks to my fellow modelers who helped build the Sien·a. RMJ RAILMODELJOURNAL . JUNE 1999 37

KIT CONVERSION] ------[

IILWIUKEIN N SCALE FROM MICRO-ETR 4()'AINSFOOT OR DELUXEBOI INNOVA TICARONS KITSS By James R. Nelson

You cannot buy an N scale plastic replica of the unique Milwaukee Road ribside box cars or caboos­ es. It is, however, relatively sim­ ple to simulate the cars with these techniques.

The Micro-Trains 40-foot box car is the basic body shell needed for these models. The model would be a more accurate replica of most Milwaukee cars if, however, you started with the Deluxe Innovations 40-foot car which has ends and roofs that more closely match the proto­ types. The techniques are identical for either brand.

or many years I have been cars, but I have fo und that with the Next put a car shell on and snug the mid­ interested in the Milwaukee Micro-Trains cars you have a better fin­ dle stringer into place, then put the other car Road. In my home town in southern ished product. Oh by the way, for all you sheU on and snug the last horizontal stringer Minnesota, they have a footbridge over nit-pickers out there, the prototype cars in place. The last stringers are on the top; the railroad yard where I spent many have seven ribs on them and mine have these have gaps at the left side to give you happy hours in my youth watching only six, but the overall effect is there, room for roofwalks that don't come off. All trains. and that's what I was lookjng for. the stringers are held in place with Atlas rajl gauge and we have little The first step is to remove the under­ spikes. Make sw·e I model in N that both cars fit tightly to choose from (no pun intended) when it frame, door, brake wheel and roofwalk, (see Figure 2), you don't need them slipping comes to rolling stock and motive power. if possible, then strip the car along with around when you are scoring them. For the And since I model the Milwaukee Road, the doors and roofwalk with whatever sCOling, you'll need some Salt of straight­ I thought I needed some identifiable technique works for you. After stripping edge and an X-Acto knife with a sharp num­ rolling stock that is not commercially the car and cleaning it, you will have to ber 11 blade. (See Figures 3 and 4.) Score the available. (Some of us have to do what 0 remove all the weld lines (or rows of riv­ weld by the ShOit ladder first. Next you'll and HO people had to do back in the ets) except the one closest to the short need to align the straightedge with the top good old days-improvise.) ladder. This will be your starting and rung of the ladder on both cars and score the The Milwaukee Road's trademark of stopping point when we get to the scor­ first horizontal line using very little pressure. the fluted or ribbed-sided cars first ing part of the project. I used a very fine I only run the knife over the same line two or appeared in the mid-thirties with the sandpaper (available in most hobby three times and only do one car at a time. You introduction of their new passenger shops) to remove the weld lines on my move on to the next rung down the ladder and equipment. It carried over onto their ten­ cars. (This is the technique for the latest so on until you run out of ladder. Thebottom ders of the F-7 Hudsons. Later they used version.) two ribs are more easily put on by tuming the them on their box cars and caboose fleet. Next you will have to make a jig (see jig upside down and then sCOling your last The idea behind the ribs on the freight Figure I) to hold your cars in place while two lines. cars was that they added extra strength to you score them. I used a piece of scrap 1 Afteryou are done with the ribs, you can l the sides of the cars. Well, there must be x 3 and some l/S x Is-inch Northeastern paint and decal the car. I used Tuscan red some truth behind that thought because lumber. The reason I used the North� prunt and the decals are from CDS N-161 dry you can go to just about any yard today eastern wood is for its strength; balsa transfers. The dimensional data was from a and still see some of these cars being wood is too soft and may not last. The 1 Walthers dimensional data sheet. When you used in some manner or another. x 3 should be long enough to hold two get this far, you'U find that you have a close I used the Micro-Trains 40-foot sin­ 40-foot cars. The easiest way to make the facsimile to the prototype. I hope this aJticle gle-door box cars (because the Deluxe jig is to run the bottom stringer along the will help some of you N gaugers add Innovations models were not, then, avail­ edge of the 1 x 3, then put the left hori­ something new or old to your fleet of able). I have used Atlas and Con-Cor box zontal stringer on. rolling stock. RMJ 40 RAILMODELJOURNAL . JUNE 1999 The simple techniques produce a reasonable replica of a car that was a common sight in the midwest in the forties and fifties.

Figure 1. It is much easier to scribe the ribs if you produce a simple wood jig.

, .. ( ,/ (

Figure 2. The wood jig is wide enough to hold two 40-foot N scale cars as shown.

Figure 3. Use a steel ruler to guide your hobby knife when scribing the ribs.

Figure 4. Keep even pressure on the knife to produce a smooth rib effect with each slice.

RAILMODELJOURNAL ·JUNE 1999 41 [ LAYOUT TOUR] MINNESOTA HEARTLAND RAILWAY

By Ken Zieska

NorthStur '99

The Tw in Ports yard area under construction.

he Minnesota Heartland tries. The MHR travels east from gold colors of the consist complement Railway (Western Division) Marilyn, through Heartland Jct. and to the fall palette of Mother Nature. The models a Grainger railroad typical of the town of Centralsota. Here the Northern Pacific Mainstreeter occasion­ Minnesota in the 60s. On the Heartland, Western Division ends and traffi c contin­ ally detours onto the rai ls, giving the agricultural products are the key com­ ues on to Lake Woebegon and inter­ lucky railfan the illusion that this is modities handled by the railroad. It is an change with the Great Northern on the mainline railroading. era where thriving little towns still dot MHR's Eastern Division. Ted Larson of The Minnesota Heartland Railway the highway maps of the Midwest, where Fairport, N.Y. models the Eastern will be one of the layouts featured during local grain elevators, the skyscrapers of Division. the NASG 1999 convention in St. Paul, the prairie, anchor the business district. It The portion of the Soo Line modeled Minnesota. The 1999 convention will be is years from the ravages of the freeways, originates in Twin Ports yard. Twin Ports unique to the NASG. All NASG activi­ the gasoline crisis and the discount is a busy terminal with facilities to trans­ ties will be held in one hotel and they malls. Layout operations feature the fer harvest products for shipment to will include the traditional flea market, MHR's shortline style of operation sur­ world and national markets and a major contest and fellowship. What's unique rounded by the Class I operations of the processing facility. Twin Ports also about that? The NMRA national conven­ Sao Line and the Northern Pacific. The boasts a large regional yard and engine tion will be a mile down the road and a MHR serves local elevators and indus­ facility shared by the Soo and NP. From shuttle bus will run from the NASG hotel tries, depending on the Class I railroads Twin Ports, the Soo main heads west to to the National Train Show in the Civic for access to world markets and supplies hidden storage that represents the grain Center! Your registration to the NASG of the local economy. bowl of the Dakotas and Western convention will be your free ticket into The Western terminal of the MHR is Canada. the largest display of model railroading in the town of Marilyn, on the banks of The golden fi elds and rich colors on suppliers in the world. Add to that the the Cache Flow River. Here the Soo Line the trees tell us that it is fall, the season fact that the Twin Cities boasts the Mall from Tw in Ports crosses the NP line from when the fruits of the harvest fill the hop­ of America, casinos, and some outstand­ DaRange. Marilyn features a small clas­ pers and box cars of the MHR. Passenger ing railfanning, your trip to St. Paul will sification yard, a large grain-processing traffic has faded, but the Soo Line still be enjoyable for you and your family. facility and several small local indus- runs a local where the rich maroon and RMJ 42 RAILMODELJOURNAL ·JUNE 1999 A Soo Line Mikado drifts under the Northern Padfic mainline bridge toward Marilyn Jet. The Mikado Is an S Scale Loco and Supply kit rebuilt by Tom Lennon.

The Marilyn Jet. area of the layout. The 500 Line enters the scene from hidden storage tracks to cross the Northern Padfic tracks at grade. The Ya rd is the Minnesota Heartland Railway western terminal. The Minnesota Heartland operates from Marilyn via track­ age rights to Heartland Jet. where it branch­ es off to the town of Centralsota.

A panorama of the Marilyn portion of the lay­ out. From the left to the right, the town of Marilyn and Marilyn Jet., the Minnesota Heartland Railway yards, Forward Marsh and the Rumasoda River Valley. The hidden stor­ age yard is behind the hill mass.

RAILMODELJOURNAL . JUNE 1999 43 MINNESOTA HEARTLAND

Eastbound freight from Marilyn along the Rumasoda River.

44 RAILMODELJOURNAL . JUNE 1999 American Models GP7 and Omnicon Models F7 on the water level route along the Rumasoda River. Models were painted by Ken Zieska and finished with Microscale decals. [MODELING FROM THE PROTOTYPE] ------INSIDE AT

By Brian P. Kreimendahl Photo by Ron Krisel and David Giglio

t has now been more than seven Journal" dlOught it would be a great time to Kreimendah.l: About Genesis, what years since the legendary lrv sit down and talk widl Adleam to discuss was the kernel fo r the idea of doing Atheam passed away, marking the end of his where dlings generally stand with dle com­ something different than what Athearn stewardship of one of themost welJ- known pany and more specifically talk about dle had done before? manufacturing concerns and brand nanles in new Genesis line of locomotives. Macias: It all began when I was dis­ dle model railroad hobby. Subsequendy, The Journal's Intermodal Ed itor, cussing Athearn's bus iness plan with Adlearn was purchased in a joint venture by Brian Kreimendahl, initially talked with Mike Geddes. One of the issues we Mike Geddes and Ids longtime protege Athearn's Chairman Bob Macias, looked at was a higher-level, higher­ Bob Macias. Widl the intToduction of d1e President Tim Geddes and Mike Hopkin. quality line of locomotives and rolling new Genesis Line of locomotives and dle Mike's responsibilities at Athearn include stock. At that ti me, we were not really recent acquisition of the tooling for dle product development and quality control. considering a completely new line of Highliners EMD F-series shells, "The Here's how it went: locomotives. Our initial thought was to 46 RAILMODELJOURNAL ' JUNE 1999 upgrade existing locomotives starting Beach. At the show, we directed our as long as it makes economic sense. We from the SD40-2 or possibly the GP38-2, advertising agency, Smart, to conduct discovered, for example, that the cost of GP40-2, GPSO, and so on. We considered extensive meetings with focus groups producing a steam locomotive to meet out the possibility of putting in new motors, comprised of model railroaders. After standards in the United States was prohib­ diffe rent wheels, and maybe going to anal yzi ng the information gathered from iti ve, so we were forced to use a fo reign plastic handrails. After months of the fo cus groups, we decided that supplier to produce the USRA 2-8-2. research and meetings, we fi nally settled Athearn needed to go a step further than Kreimendahl: How did you come up on the SD70 series for the "modern" upgrading its existing locomotive line by with the name Genesis ? Genesis locomotive. producing a brand-new state-of- the-art Macias: We considered numerous Geddes: At this point we decided to line. So that's where the initial seed was names. We had a tremendous debate and expand the line to include a transition-era planted to look at producing a new pre­ we fi nally settled on the name Genesis. It diesel . In about June of 1998, Mike mium Genesis locomotive line - was appropriate, in part, because of the Hopkin had a chance meeting with Paul Athearn listened to the opinions biblical connotation of a new beginning. Lubliner at the La Mesa Model Railroad expressed by modelers about its products The new beginning theme has been rep­ Club in San Diego. Like most people at and what they wanted. resented in some of the advertising and the La Mesa club, Mike inquired about Kreimendahl: Athearn 5' initial choice promoting of the Genesis Series. the status of Paul's F unit body shells. A of Genesis locomotives to he produced is Kreimendahl: Let :� talk more ahout few days later, whi Ie at the Athearn fac­ the SD70 series with the SD 75M heing the the decision hetvveen upgrading your tory, Mike talked about the legend sur­ first to he released. How were these loco­ existing locomotive product and produc­ ro unding the Highliner F-unit body motives chosen hy Athearn to he the first? ing a completely new premium locomo­ shells and their excellent qual ity. That Macias: Obviously we had more than tive line which is what you ended lip quality was what we had discussed for just one locomotive possibility on the doing with Genesis. Th at must have heen the Genesis series, and the F series was initial list. There was also some initial a very tough decision hecause you had a the just the kind of "classic" locomotive discussion about starting the Genesis line lot of existing products that you could that we wanted for the Genesis Series. with the EMD F-series because have upgraded very easily instead of The F unit would also be an excellent Athearn's first locomotive was an F­ coming out with something completely complement to the ultra-modern SD70. series locomotive. At that time, we were new and diflerent. We then had John Engstrom contact Paul considering the AMD- I 03, but it got a Macias: Correct, when we analyzed the to set up a meeting to see if he would be little confusing because of the name Athearn line we found it to be a relatively interested in ajoint business relationship. Genesis for our new locomotive line and old line. We looked at the F7s, Geeps and We met as a group with everyone coming the name Genesis that is used for the pro­ others. They've been around for a number away from the meeting with the same totype AMD- I 03. After fu rther discussion, of years. How much benefit would we idea of creating a win-win relationship we settled on the modern-era SD70 series. receive by upgrading those engines? for both Athearn and Highliner. After We also discussed including a steam Probably some, but not much. The main that initial meeting, everything fe ll in locomotive in the Genesis Series. We reason was that we fe lt we could probably place, with both sides agreeing to terms selected the USRA "Light" 2-8-2, and get more sales by introducing completely in a rather quick process. we recently announced the spring 1999 new locomotive and car kits. For that rea­ Unfortunately, we have been delayed release of that USRA steam locomoti ve. son we chose a completely new line. We in the release of both the SD70 and the F This is our first venture into steam in also had to keep our competitors in mind. units because of the tremendous amount over 40 years. The USRA 2-8-2 fi lls out We asked ourselves whether or not minor of new tooling that was needed for the the Genesis Series to include all the upgrades would be enough to really make

SD70. Also, as rumored, the mold for the important ra ilroad eras since World War T. a statement. There could not be any grey nose of the F units cracked a couple of Kreimendahl: Athearn has always tra­ areas, we had to make certain that Genesis months ago, delaying that project. It ditionally produced its products here at the was a very distinct line. actually cracked. In a small way it has Compton plant while many other mamlfac­ Kreimendahl: Yo u've worked in con­ been a blessing, Since this occurTed, Paul hIrers ' model locomotives are produced cert with Smart Advertising in develop­ has compiled more information and overseas. Did you consider mamlfacturing ing the advertising and marketing cam­ reworked certain parts of the tooling. It is the Genesis line overseas ? paign for Genesis. How did you come up now, as we like to say, "as close to real as Macias: I'm sure at various times that with the logo and the new packaging? it gets." Paul is not only a perfectionist, the thought crossed our minds, but it was Macias: Tim Geddes and Smart pret­ but is also extremely competitive. He something that we didn't seriously consid­ ty much spearheaded that aspect. We viewed this as an opportunity to extend er. Genesis has been a challenging project. looked at a dozen diffe rent designs for the lead the Genesis F units would have We want to keep as much manufacturing the new Genesis logo. over any competitive product. From the here in the United States as long as it is Hopkin: I was involved with the deci­ nose to the rear door, I think people will economically feasible to produce here. sion on the logo. We considered numer­ agree that this is the best F unit ever made. One of the questions that we've asked ous variations. We wanted to keep some­ Kreimendahl: What changed your numerous times is how important is thing that had a similar theme to the reg­ direction from upgrading existing loco­ "Made in America" to the industry? ular Athearn line, but it had to have some motives to developing a whole new line ? We're trying to keep as much of the pro­ variation. The packaging had to show an Macias: That all changed in 1996 at duction in America as possible. Athearn Athearn-family appearance, but it still had to the National Train Show which was part is a true U.S. manufacturer. It has been show the distinction between the regular of the NMRA Convention in Long difficult, but we would like to stay here Athearn line and the new Genesis Line.

RAILMODELjOURNAL . JUNE 1999 47 INSIDE ATHEARN'S GENESIS Hopkin: I think one of things to keep in mind is that Genesis is completely new from the ground up. The only parts that have been used fro m the original Athearn line are the worm gear and the bearings for the worm gear. When we decided to do the AMD- 103 in the traditional Athearn line, the drivetrain was essential­ ly components that had already been manufactured and that had already been proven. The SD70 series is completely new. As a result, everything had to be gone through as if this was a brand-new company starting with a brand-new prod­ uct with the attendant learningcurve and the teeth-cutting on brand-new issues. It has been a long struggle, but we perse­ vered and produced the best product that we possibly can. Like Bob Macias said, it's a give-and­ take situation. There are going to be compromises that have to be made for fu nctionality. I think anybody who has Bob Macias and Tim Geddes at the Athearn Factory. an understanding of railroadi ng and model rai lroading knows that model locomotives are asked to do things that a prototype locomotive could never do. Kreimendahl: So you were caught model, and particularly, what specific For example, a model locomotive must between a rock and a hard place in thaI details modelers would want on a be able to handle a much tighter radius you wanted to differentiate between the Genesis-quality model. We started with a curve than the prototype. So some com­ lYvo product lines, but you still desired to plan, and as part of the product develop­ promises must be made to get the model ident(hl Genesis as an Athearn product at ment process, we've made hundreds of to look as accurate as possible and still the same time ? modifications and improvements. be functional. Again, the market has told Hopkin: Ye s, certainly because of the You mentioned the underframe. We us that our tooling has been at the very reputation that Athearn has. had to make the distinction between the top of the market for a while, so I would Kreimendahl: During the product accuracy of a part and fu nctionality­ say that the biggest leap from the original development process fo r the SD 70 series, and sometimes that's diffi cult. When the Athearn locomotive line to the Genesis what were some of the unanticipated SD75M underframe was initially engi­ line is the mechanism and the perfor­ problems that you encountered? For neered, our primary concern was accura­ mance of the mechanism. example, I know that there were some cy with functionality-we could not, for Kreimendahl: Can you detail fo r me the issues with the I-beam detail on the one example, allow any warping or flex­ differences between the drivetrain mecha­ unde/fra me. Could you elaborate ? ing in the walkway. The walkway is very nism in the original Athearn and what a Macias: When we started, we under­ thin, and we discovered that it needed modeler will find in the Genesis line? stood that our pliorities were both proto­ additional support. After receiving more Hopkin: The mechanism in the type fidelity and performance. Our research input from modelers, we did adjust and Genesis line has the same basic layout as in the industry helped us to learn that our modify the underframe to make it more in the original Athearn locomotives with recent tooling eff0I1s had shown tremen­ prototypical. the motor and the flywheels setting in the dous improvement in quality of detail. The We have made tradeoffs . Whether n'liddle of the frame and with the drive real question was how do we improve the you're recreating a locomotive, a piece shafts going out to the trucks. The things pelformance of the mechanism? The mech­ of rolling stock, a rocket, or a fighter that you're going to see that are diffe rent anism is where we put a lot of our empha­ plane, there are always tradeoffs. are the Buhler can motor, new precision sis in testing and refUlements. Functionality and performance were flywheels, and other improvements that We also listened to the modelers' issues. The handrails were just one factor into the locomotive's performance. requests concerning the level of detail example: half the modelers wanted metal On the driveLine itself, we went with a hex­ and performance they wanted from our handrails and the other half wanted plas­ type opening in the flywheel that will products. Their number one request was tic. Which direction do we go? These accept a hex on the drive shaft down to the a can motor. We tested nu merous motors were just some of the issues that we dis­ gearbox. We used our existing wonn gear. and after an extensive examination peri­ cussed while looking at what we wanted On the Genesis line, we have a new od, we selected what we felt was the best to achieve in the entire Genesis line. We power truck with load-bearing and con­ motor fo r the Genesis line. fe lt that the more detail possible with ductivity-external sideplates which are In addition we examined what kind plastic handrails met the criteria of func­ located on the outside of the wheels of wheels modelers wanted on a diesel tionality and appearance. instead of the inside of the wheels like

48 RAILMODELJOURNAL 'JUNE 1999 the original Athearn line. The new side­ line are thousandths of an inch. That was tants ? Did you guys go out and clim.b on plates are where the load will be carried not good enough for the Genesis Series. It a locomotive ? for the truck and for the locomotive. is a new level fo r Athearn. Macias: We contacted numerous Also, there will be a circuit board on Kreimendahl: What type of plastic is industry experts on a number of issues. the top of the motor, clipped to the motor usedfor the Genesis line handrails ? Hopkin: As a starting point we used mounts. That circuit board will control the Hopkin: The handrails are molded in plans prepared by Chris Clune that he had constant-directional lighting. By constant­ Celcon which is the same material from worked up for the SD70, and then we directional lighting we mean that the light which our gear boxes are normally made. refined them. There was a lot of field bulbs that we supply with the circuitry are It has both strength and flexibility. The research too as John Engstrom and I spent I.S-volt bulbs, so there is not just direc­ down side is that it is very ditficult to paint a day at the nearby Dolores Yard climbing tional lighting, but a constant-intensity it because of the fact that it is extremely all over some locomotives getting supple­ directional lighting. This will elimjnate flexible. The compromjse is that you have mental information. There was a lot of the problem of the brightness of the bulb to use plastic to create detail, but you also back-and-forth with the mold houses, a lot rising and falling depending on the need something that's durable too. Further, of refinements on the fly, corrections, and amount of current flowing through the you need a material that will be able to review of a lot of different material. track to power the locomotive. flow through the mold. The problem with As far as the details are concerned, Additionally, the new Genesis circuit normal styrenes is that they don't have the we've tried within reason to build in board may be easily replaced by model­ flow characteristics to flow through a every possible option with the SD70 ers with the newer design DCC decoder mold for handrails. So you haved to go series. Although we get many well-inten­ boards that some of the DCC manufac­ with something like Celcon that has a very tioned phone calls from modelers asking tures are making. It will be very easy to high flow characteristic. The tradeoff is why we haven't included a particular make the switch-just remove the wires, that you don't have the ability to paint it. It feature or informjng us that EMD has drop their board in, put the wires back on can be done, but it is difficult. So we've added a feature to the prototype, we had and you're good to go for DCC. looked at numerous colors of Celcon or to draw a line at some point and say, Power from the track will be brought dying the Celcon to try to achjeve the "that's it." With extra inserts and molds, up from the trucks using wires, so the proper color so that it can give correct pro­ we have tried to build in every option as underframe is not part of the electrical totype variations. possible in the SD70 series up to the circuit like it is on our regular Athearn Kreimendahl: What couplers will come point where the tooling was cut. If EMD line. That way we've eliminated a lot of with the new Genesis locomotive ? I'll made a change to the prototype while the the problems with electrical contact at guess that the X2F will not be included. tooling was being made, we tried to add the bolster. Further, we're using black­ Macias: We are using Bachmann's the change to the model if the tooling ened nickel silver wheels. EasyMate couplers. wasn't too far along and the change Kreimendahl: How many dUferent Kreimendahl: In terms of the quantity could be made within reason. Many extra mold makers were involved in this proj ect? of production of Genesis, is the production molds were created because of all of the Macias: There were six diffe rent mold going to be like it has been fo r the tradi­ added options that we were trying to making fi rms. This increased the com­ tional Athearn lines where the product is incorporate into the SD70 series. plexity and difficulty of the project too. available pretty much on an on-going Macias: Modelers were very instru­ Kreimendahl: Because you had to basis, or will Genesis be available only in mental in what we have now. We talked intel'face with more people and then limited runs like some other manufa ctur­ to them at the NMRA National make sure everything was coordinated ers'locomotives ? Convention at Kansas City in 1998 and between the different entities ? Macias: Yes and no. We are going to the Chicago hobby show in late October. Macias: Right. The SD70 is inherent­ limit the Genesis production only when we We 've taken calls from modelers and ly complex-I remember counting 18 produce a particular road number-wher­ received their invaluable input. We 've diffe rent individual mold makers work­ ever possible, our intention is to run a par­ sought out some of the leading diesel ing on this project. The Genesis SD70 ticular road number just once. Obviously, modelers. We 've always asked, "What Series is probably one of the most com­ there are some prototypes that were only do the modelers want with their mod­ plex projects anyone has ever undertaken built in limited numbers, so we're not els?" We have tried to do what we fe lt in the model railroad industry. The going to be able to apply that policy to could realistically be done to satisfy as SD7017S requires 16 separate molds to every road. But to the extent possible, many of those wants as possible. produce a locomotive. And that doesn't we're going to keep changing the num­ Hopkin: We have real ly gone to a include all of the different mold inserts to bers. We will produce more models as great deal of effort to incorporate as produce the different cab variations. For requirements warrant additional produc­ many of the different prototype options example, we have one cab mold, but tion. as possible. And Bob is right, we have there will be fi ve or six variations to Hopkin: There will be product avail­ taken a lot of input, via email, via talking match different prototypes. able. You may not be able to have the par­ to people, people calling us, and we have Kreimendahl: Th at is a velY complex ticular road number that you want, but tried to take all of that input and make production. there will always be product out there. At the best product possible. So modelers Macias: It is very complex. We are least that is the plan at this point. have been very instrumental in providing dealing with tolerances in the two-to-three Kreimendahl: What type o.fprotot ype us info rmation to work with and have ten thousandths of an inch (.0002 to .0003- and other research did you do as part of had an enormous amount of input into inch) fo r the flywheels. The tolerances for the product development process fo r the Genesis. the flywheels in the traditional Athearn Genesis line? We re there outside consul- RMJ

RAILMODELjOURNAL . JUNE 1999 49 ------[LOCOMOTIVE PERFORMANCE] ------

ur model locomotive Two polished cold-roJIed rectangular The fi xture is retur ned to level test program had its steel bars are used as rails, with a .005- for slow speed runs with both power sup­ beginning 24 years ago with the construc­ inch radius on the inside bar edges to sim­ plies. Very slow speeds are recorded even tion of an incli ned-track test fixture. ulate the shape of the rails on a layout. though any slow speed under 3 scale Since then some 495 reports and test data One rail is fixed to the fixture deck, and miles per hour is excellent. A slow speed have been pubbshed for model locomo­ one rail is adjustable fo r gauges from Nn3 run through a thrown switch tests the tives from N to 0 scale and in all types to O. ability of the model to track properly and and wheel arrangements. By grading the Two power supplies are used. A recti­ pick up track power at all times. performances on a scale from I to 5, we tied AC supply with a voltmeter and three Using the test fi gm'es and applying a saw the average of scores for the first 12 almneters-a 0-3 amp range. a 0- 100 mils, scale speed constant for that model, the models. at 2.68, rise to 4.27 for ] 2 mod­ and a 0- j 0 amperes range are used for test data sheet is filled out. The drive sys­ els some 16 years later. most test runs. In addition, an MRC Tech tem efficiency compares the horsepower The test procedure was planned to II supply is used for pu]se power runs. developed as the model pulls itself up the find out some things about our locomo­ A separate board with N scale. HO slope with the electrical horsepower tives: how much they could pull on layout and 0 scale track sections with turnouts required by the motor. Using the model grades, how realistic their scale speeds is set up for test of slow speeds through weight and the algebraic sine of the max­ were, how they negotiated a typkal track turnouts as would be found on layouts. imum slope angle, the maximum tractive switch and how quiet and smooth the Boards with 0 scale track sections and force is figured, and the number of cars drive system worked. Finally, we look at a switch from LOB are used for 0 scale that could be pulled on the level is deter­ the quality of workmanship shown in tests. A stopwatch is used to time slow mined. The number of cars that can be manufacture and assembly. runs through the turnouts. pulled at a 4 percent slope is also deter­ A ] 4-foot-long hinged test track fi x­ A locomotive selected for test is mined. ture was chosen because slow and fast first taken apart to determine the reduc­ The rolling ftiction of representative speed test mns can be made with the fi x­ tion gear ratio, the motor stall current, freight Cal'S in the various scales is deter­ ture level, and tractive force measure­ lubricants added by the builder, and the mined by once again using the inclined ments can be made with the fixture set at workmanship seen in the model's parts. track fixture. After slowly increasing the various angles. The trick is a simple Headlight lamps al'e disconnected so slope until the car will roll at a steady mathematical one: At any fixture slope, that accurate measurements of motor slow speed after being stalted down the the actual tractive force is the weight of current draw can be made. Obser­ grade, we record the slope angle. Once the locomotive times the algebraic sine of vations of space available for additions again, the rolling friction is the weight of the slope angle. For steam locomotives of weight are noted. All wheels are the car times the sine of that slope angle. with tenders, the tractive force is "cor­ cleaned with solvent to ensure accurate Locomotive and car weights are mea­ rected" by adding the weight of the tender tractive force measurements. sured on a sensitive beam bal.ance that is accurate to of an ounce. multiplied by the sine of the track angle. Once on the fi xture rails, the 1/100 Since most of the tests depend on scale locomotive is run at a slope to give a speed measurements, the test track is long moderate load until speed and cur­ How-They-Run Reports enough to allow 7 feet for acceleration rent readings stabilize. Timed runs As we fun our locomotive perfor­ before the 2-foot timing "trap" and 5 feet at 12 volts are then made at zero mance test samples on the inclined tract for stopping distance. Photo cells at the stmt slope, and readings of time and cur­ test fixture, we write down the motor and finish of the timing trap distance trigger rent recorded. The slope is then voltages ane! ClUTents and the mIming a tinung clock reading to an accuracy of increased in small increments, and times so we can compute some meaning- better than one hundredth of a second. fi gures for each run recorded until 1'0 1 scores. Five comparative grades are The test fixture is lunged at a point 5 cl ri ver sl i ppage becomes excessive. given, with three derived from calcula­ feet from the left end, and a target 4 feet Th is load is the maximum tractive tions and two grades based on observa­ away marks the length of the hypotenuse of force for that model. At th is slope. tion judgments. the triangle used to measure the sine of the the voltage required to start the When perfonnance improvements can slope angle. An engineer's scale, graduated model moving is recorded. The be made by lubricating the drive system, in hundredths of a foot, is used for the mea­ observation is repeated at hal f the eliminating some binds, or adding some surement. maximum load. weight, a second set of tests is run, and 50 RAILMODELjOURNAL ' JUNE 1999 new grades are given. The grades can be 3 scale miles per hour. Points for nms The ratings from 1 to 5 are based on: used to tell us how well the sample com­ over 3 smph are computed by: Diesel Steam pares with other models in its class--or Above 8 5.0 Excellent Above 5 how well it does in one test that we are 10 - Diffe rence x 10 = Points 5-8 4.0 Fine 3-5 interested in. Grades from 5.0 to l.0 are 3 3-5 3.0 Good 2-3 given, with 5.0 for "excellent," 4.0 for 1-3 2.0 Poor 1-2 "fine," 3.0 for "good" or "average," 2.0 Fast speed performances for diesel Below ] 1.0 Unsatisfactory Below I for "poor," and ].0 for "unsatisfactory." and electric models are calculated using Tractive force, or pulling power, is of published safe fa st speeds for the fu ll-size Noise Rating interest since pulling is the primary fu nc­ locomotives, with a maximum point A rating fo r operating noise is based tion of the locomotive. After the locomo­ score of 10.If the model speed is too slow on a judgment of motor and reduction tive is weighed and the driver tires and or too fast, the score is determined by : gear noise level as the model at no TLlnS test fixture rails are cleaned, the slope of load and at full load at full speed. The rat­ the fixture is increased until dl'iver slip­ 10 - Difference x 10 = Points ings are: page prevents forward motion. The alge­ Prototype speed braic sine of the track angle times the Quiet: 5.0-Excellent locomotive weight gives the maximllm Fast speed scoring for steam models is Hums: 4.O-Fine tractive force in ounces. For diesel and based on the full-size locomotive driver Average: 3.O-Good electric models, sLope above 24% is diameter, in inches, multiplied by For Whines: .0- oor a 1.1. 2 P rated 5.0, 20 to 24% is rated 4.0, 16 to example, if the full-size locomotive had Rattles: l.O-Unsatisfactory 20% is 3.0, .14to 15% is 2.0, and below 52-i11ch drivers, the model fast speed tar­ 14% is L.O. For steam models, above 14% get would be 52 times 1.1 or 57.2 smph. Scale Speed Rating is rated 5.0, 12 to 14% is 4.0, to 12% For geared steam locomotives, the factor The rating for scale speed deter­ 10 1S is rated 3.0, 8 to 10% is 2.0, and below .55 may be used. As for diesels, the scor­ rn ined by the sum of points eamed by fa st 8% is 1.0. ing is determined by: and slow speed performances, each hav­ Drive quality, or drive system effi­ ing a 10-point maximum. The safe fa st ciency, tells us how well the designer 10 - Diffe rence x 10 = Points speeds for many full-size diesel locomo­ matched the motor and reduction gearing Prototype Speed tives are published in various sources, to the chassis and the model weight. With and this is determined by the wheel motor the fi xtllJe slope set at 14% for diesel and When the slow speed and fast speed reduction gear ratios. For rod steam loco­ electric models, at 10% for freight steam .points are added, the scale speed grade is motives, the safe speed is determined by locomotives, and at 8% for passenger 5.0 for over 19 points, 4.0 for 17 to 19, multiplying the full-size locomotive's steam models, the voltage is set at 12 and 3.0 for 14 to 17, 2.0 for 10 to 14, and 1.0 driver, in inches, by 1.1. Geared steam motor current and run time are recorded. for under 10 points. locomotives may use .55 times the driver Since the model does work pulling its The assembly workmanship score is a diameter. For the fast speed number, own weight up the incline, the rate at judgment of workmanship that could divide the diffe rence between the model which it does this is horsepower. The affect performance or useful life 011 the speed and the prototype fast speed by the voltage and current used by the motor can layout. A model ready for service is prototype's speed, multiply by 10, then be used to compute the input horsepower. awarded 5.0, 4.0 for 1 fault, 3.0 fo r two subtract this result from 10. When the output horsepower is divided faults, 2.0 for more fa ults, and 1.0 for If the model's slow speed is less than by the input horsepower, the result is the faults needing correction before tests 3 scale miles per hour, the slow speed actual efficiency of the model's dri ve sys­ could be safely run. number is 10. For a speed faster than 3, tem ... measure of quality of the motor, divide the elTor by 3, multiply by 10, then a reduction gearing, bearings, lubrication, Tractive Force Rating subtract this result from 10. driver tire contours and many other fac­ Diesel a11d steam locomotives are The rating for scale speeds is deter­ tors. Correction factors for scale effects rated on a scale from 1 to 5 based on the mined by adding the slow and fast points: are applied to the calculated figures for maximum fixture slope: efficiency to make the scoring fair for all Diesel Steam Above 19 5.0 Excellent model scales from N to G. These correct­ Above 24% 5.0 Excellent Above 14% 17-19 4.0 Fine ed points for diesel and electTic locomo­ 20-24% 4.0 Fine 12-14% 14-17 3.0 Good tives are graded 5.0 for above 8 points, 16-20% 3.0 Good 10-12% 10-14 2.0 Poor 4.0 for 5 to 8, 3.0 fo r 3 to 5, 2.0 for I to 14-16% 2.0 Poor 8- 10% Below 10 1.0 Unsatisfactory 3, and L.O for below 1 point. For steam Below 14% 1.0 'Unsatisfactory Below 8% models, the grades are 5.0 for above 5 Assembly Rating points, 4.0 for 3 to 5, 3.0 for 2 to 3, 2.0 for Drive System EHiciency A judgment is made of the quality of 1 to 2, and 1.0 for below 1 point. The grading of efficiency is based on parts manufacture and assembly work­ Operating noise is a judgment of the the calculated efficiency at a slope manship. One serious fault pu]]s the rat­ sound level while the model is running at assigned to the type of locomotive and ing from 5.0 to 4.0. and two fa ults would 12 volts and no load. A quiet model is multiplied by a scale factor. The assigned result in a 3.0 rating. Additional problems graded 5.0, a hum rates 4.0, an average fi xture slopes are: would probably result in the return of the sound rates 3.0, a whine in the drive is Diesel and electTic: 14% model to the designer. rated 2.0, and rattles are rated 1.0 Freight steam: J 0% Scale speed scoring is based on the Passenger steam: 8% Summary awarding of points for both slow speed At the end of a report, the fi ve ratings and fa st speed performances on the test The compensating scaJe factors are: are added, and tlus sum divided by five to fl xture. Photoelectric cells at the start and o scale .48 give an overall rating. One production finish of a 2-foot timing section furnish S scale .64 model did receive an excellent 5.0 rating signals to start and stop a timing clock 00 scale .76 ...I believe that more should follow its driven by a synclrronous motor. Slow HO scale .87 lead. RMJ speeds for both diesel and steam locomo­ IT scale 1.20 tives are awarded 10 points for under scale 1.60 rLUlS N RAILMODELjOURNAL -JUNE 1999 51 [ KIT CONVERSION ] ------

ATFRSFOM CO60N- COR'S HO OR N SCALE KITS By Stephen M. Priest with ca rs built by Thomas Chenoweth and Stephen M. Priest

ATSF Bx-166 number 621474 showed off her new simplified paint without the yellow "super" normally included as part of the Shock Control livery. Also lacking is the stylish Railroad Roman lettering exchanged for a Helvetica style instead. Notice the absence of ladders on the car sides and the presence of four grabirons in their place. -Thomas Chenoweth photo

The stock Con-Cor 60-foot Greenville box car was used for a starting point. I used an undecorated shell because I wanted a good bond between the car and the added ribs. A painted model could be used if the rib areas were sanded. At this point the stock grabiron holes had been filled with Squadron Green (white) putty and sanded smooth. The Bx-166 were to receive four grabirons per side. These would be melted into the car sides with a sol­ dering iron and trimmed on the backside with a pair of flush-cutting nip­ pers.

The Con-Cor 60-foot box car kit can be kit-convert­ ed into a variety of precise replicas of box cars used by the Santa Fe and dozens of other prototype rail­ roads and private owners. Here are the steps needed to modify the kits.

The ribs were cut to length with an NWSL chopper. The ends were then tapered with a sanding block per prototype photographs. The angled ribs (one per each side of the door) were cut a little longer and tapered like the vertical ribs. The angle was eyeballed when adhering the ribs to the car side with Tenex 7 solvent adhesive. Ta ke care to line the ribs up with the verti­ cal panel on the car side. Vertical exactness is what I strived for. large portion of any modern box car fleet, including that of the Santa Fe, consists of 60- foot box cars. Virtually gone on the AT SF are 40-foot box cars, and even the 50-foot fleet has taken a beating with many entire classes retired during the 1980s. Santa Fe has many classes of 60-foot cars that can quickly be fashioned using the Con-Cor 60-foot box car. AT SF classified these 60-foot cars either in the Bx (Box) or the Fe (Furniture) classes, basically using the first and last letter of the type. The box cars usually have a single­ door configuration, while the Furniture cars usually have a dou­ A close-up of the placement of the angled bracing located on either side of ble-door configuration. This of course does not always hold the door. This angled bracing is a Santa Fe trademark and is found on true, but is a good guide for spotting AT SF car types. The car dozens of classes of company-built cars. The bracing extends from the sill modifications are easily accomplished, and it is quite possible plate to the roof gutter. to create a large fl eet of these cars in a matter of weeks. The

52 RAILMODELJOURNAL ·JUNE 1999 Bx-166 number 621532 was decaled before the Oddballs set number 187-335 was available. Because of this you will notice that the circle cross herald is bunched up over the ribs and appears taller than wide (oval). The new decal set will alleviate this because the artwork was designed to go over the ribs by stretching the herald horizontally. Notice the door stops and the added ribs. Also unique to the Bx-166 class cars is the absence of side ladders which were replaced with grabirons. The rest of the work was general upgrading including the addition of cut levers, a complete underframe detailing and metal A-line stirrups.

A close-up of the body filler and rib placement. This process is quite quick and results in a neat car that until now was not available in a plastic model. With an NWSL Chopper it is possible to build a half dozen of these cars in one evening.

Bx-166 number 621474 is identical to number 621532 above except for a different paint scheme. This car represents the late ATSF scheme including the use of Helvetica type lettering.

At this point the underframe detailing is added, and the car was painted with Scalecoat Santa Fe Red. The car was set aside and allowed to dry. The under­ frame and ends were painted Locomotive Black and again the car was set aside to dry.

RAILMODELJOURNAL . JUNE 1999 53 60-FOOT BOX CARS I had knocked off one of the vertical ribs acci­ dentally when photographing the car. I now use styrene ribs instead of the ABS plastic. They seem to bond better to the car sides. The rib was reglued and the car went on to the decaling booth to be lettered and finished. Notice the cut levers and new stirrups. I use A-Line metal stir­ rups which are melted into the shell with a small soldering iron. The melting installation process and metal stirrups makes the car nearly inde­ structible.

changes we concentrated on were the doors, truck centers and the addition of ribs to certain classes of cars. PrototypeCar Data Building HO Scale Replicas Class Number Series Date Built Builder Quantity All of the cars received modified Fe-36 37300-37399 1963 ATSF 100 underframes and bolsters. The stock B 0 600026-600 169 1965 144 x- I 2 Pullman Con-Cor 60-foot Greenville cars have a Bx-l13 37725-37727 1966 Pullman 3 narrower wheelbase than did the ATSF, Bx-l21 37863-37897 1967 AT SF 14 and Santa Fe purchased Pullman-built Bx- 166 62 l 300-62 1599 1974 ATSF 300 cars. The Con-Cor cars can easily be modified by cutting the frame in two places and rotating the bolster piece to change the truck centers. The roofwalks that were supplied Bill of Materials with the cars were not utilized in their A-Line: Details West: construction, and most cars had new thinner-profile ladders added or replaced 29000 Stirrups Style A 169 Four-rung ladders with grabi rons. Appropriate metal foot 2900 1 Stirrups Style B 1005 Eight rung-ladders stirrups were added to the corners of 29002 Stirrups Style C each car after the stock ones were Kadee: removed and the floor added. Kadee 5 Con-Cor: 5 Couplers number couplers were added to the 36-inch wheelsets stock draft gear on all cars. Kadee or cus­ 9607 Greenville 60-foot Greenville tom turned wheelsets were also added to plug-door box car Plastruct: all cars. The cars were also weighted to improve tracking characteristics. Cut 9630 Greenville 60-foot single-door 90561 styrene 3/64-inch "T" used levers were added to the cars as was box car on car ribs complete underframe brake rigging. All Precision Scale: the cars were painted with Scalecoat Santa Fe Red, and when added to the Detail Associates: 3249 Aj ax brake wheel and housing ends sills and roof, Scalecoat 2202 Grabjrons Locomotive Black was used where need­ PAINT & DECALS: 2206 Eyebolts ed. Scalecoat: Oddballs Decals (26550 227th St., 2222 Eyebolts long 1 Locomotive Black McLouth, KS 66054) is producing 6205 Corner roof grabirons 26 Santa Fe Red decals sets with artwork and data 6215 Cut levers researched and partially designed by 62 16 Hennesy door opener Oddballs Decals: Stephen M . Priest for these and other Santa Fe cars. One neat feature of these 6247 ABDX brake ligging 187-335 decals is the horizontally stretched circle 187-337 cross herald which allows placement over ribs without distorting the herald.

54 RAILMODELJOURNAL . JUNE 1999 This makes building these cars even eas­ Cut Cut ongm . . aI Frame (stock) ier.

Modeling The Fe-36 Two Fe-36 class cars, AT SF 37337 and 37309, were built each wearing a (j) JI separate but prototypically accurate paint J scheme. They received the bolster modi­ fication and shortened four-rung ladders I on all corners except the brake wheel end where the high-mounted wheel necessi­ tated the high ladders. Complete under­ and ffaIlle only. Cut lotatecar frame detailing, including air piping and Carfloor is to remain untouched. brake rigging, was added. All four side sills were extended over the trucks keep­ Rotate l&:lBolster Portion ing the same sill contour and angle. Styrene strip was used for the extensions. Drawings Not to Scale It was glued in place and then body put­ tied with Squadron green putty. When the putty had dried, it was sanded smooth and Modified Fran Ie primered to see if the joint was visible. No roofwalks are present, but the 37337 did have a corner grab placed on the roof above the brake wheel. ATSF number (j) 37337 wears an earlier paint scheme with II the black ends, roof and side sill. The car J also sports the sty lized circle cross reflec­ tors on the side sill. The 37309 wears a late abbreviated scheme lacking any I Glu e to Ex istingFloor black except for the underframe, but complete with Helvetica lettering and no Con-Cor 60 Greenville Box Car Underframe Modifications yellow "Super" on the Shock Control Ulustration by S.M. Priest herald. Both of the Fe-36s started with the twin plug-door variation of the car. the bolster modification, and complete matched to come up with the car data The heralds and much of the data are underframe detailing including air piping found on ATSF 37727. available on the Oddballs car decal sets. and brake rigging was added. All four side sills were extended over the trucks Modeling The Bx-121 Modeling the Bx- 102 but with a modified double-angle con­ The Bx-121 ATSF 37955 was a fun The Bx-102 ATSF 600 156 started tour as on the prototype. Styrene strip car to build because it had the Hennesy with the double-plug-door version of the was used for the extensions. It was glued door-opening system added. The door car. However, the plug doors were sand­ in place and then body puttied with wheel and associated track were added ed flat and a twin pair of InterMountain Squadron green putty. When the putty during the construction of the car and 8-foot O-inch sliding Pullman doors were had dried, it was sanded smooth and extreme care must be given to keep from added to the car. In addition, the upper primered to see if the joint was visible. damaging it. The stock door had two and lower door-tracks must be added to Next the double-angle contour of the side tackboards added to it. The Bx-121s had the car along with the appropriate door sill was filed into the sill addition. The low-mounted brake wheels, so aU of the stops. A tackboard was added to the right roofwalk was not utilized for this car, but corners received four rung ladders. No door on each side of the car. This car also the high brake wheel was retained, roofwalk was added to the car. The car received the bolster modification and necessitating the addition of two eight­ received the bolster modification, and shortened four-rung ladders on all cor­ rung ladders on the B end of the car on complete underframe detailing including ners except the brake wheel end where the brake wheel cornerand a corner gra­ air piping and brake rigging was added. the high-mounted wheel necessitated the biron placed on the roof. The car has All four side sills were extended over the high ladders. Complete underframe Railroad Roman lettering and utilizes the trucks keeping the same sill contour and detailing, including air piping and brake stylized circle cross variation of the angle. Styrene strip was used for the rigging, was added. The roofwalks had reflectors on the lower car sides seen on extensions. It was glued in place and then been removed. The car was painted with earlier cars. In addition, the car had the body puttied with Squadron green putty. Scalecoat Santa Fe Red, and Oddballs unusual black lettering on the main circle When the putty had dried, it was sanded decals were mixed and matched to come cross herald. This herald was only used smooth and primered to see if the joint up with the car data found on ATSF on a handful of cars and stands out in a was visible. The car was lettered with 600156. string of otherwise simi larly painted Helvetica type lettering and the reflectors Santa Fe consist. The roofwalks had been were the rectangular type. The car was Modeling The Bx-1 13 removed. The car was painted with painted with Sca1ecoat Santa Fe Red and The Bx-1 l3 ATSF 37727 started with Scalecoat Santa Fe Red and Microscale and Herald King decals were the single-door version of the Con-Cor Locomodtive Black. Microscale and mixed and matched to come up with the 60-foot Greenville car. The car received Herald King decals were mixed and car data found on ATSF 37955. RAILMODELJOURNAL . JUNE 1999 55 fi�-FOOT BOX CARS

ATSF Fe-36 number 37955 was at Bakersfield California showing her well-weathered paint. Notice the black ends and the tall ladder on the B end of the car used to reach the high-mount­ ed brake. The car was lettered with Railroad Roman lettering and utilized the yellow Super in her Super Shock Control herald. The paint had weathered to an almost black appearance. -Charles Slater photo

ATSF Fe-36 number 37309 exemplified the sim­ plified paint of the early eighties. The stylish Railroad Roman font had been replaced with the generic Helvetica, and gone were the black ends and yellow Super from the now Shock Control

emblem . Tile lube plate was the new three-win­ dow type which is considerably more compact than the earlier types (see the Fe-36 number 37995). The tall ladder to the high-mounted brake wheel is on the other side of the car and is not visible. -Thomas Chenoweth photo

ATSF Bx-102 number 600156 combined a smooth side and double sliding door configura­ tions. The herald appeared a little undersize for the expansive side of the car. Notice the black XM swatch added to the car data under the reporting marks. This interesting touch (resten­ ciling) is often found on reweighed, modified or re-trucked cars. Notice the high-mounted brake wheel. -Thomas Chenoweth photo

Modeling The 8x- 166 The Bx-166 numbers 621 532 and 62 1474 started with the 8-foot O-inch double plug door version of the car. ATSF number 62 1532 wears an earl ier paint scheme with the Railroad Roman lettering and the yellow Super in the Shock Control herald. The 62 1474 wears a late abbreviated scheme lacking any black except for the underframe, but ATSF BX-121 number 37955 was at San Bernardino, California. The car had been equipped with a complete with Helvetica lettering and no Hennesy door opener (the little wheel). Again the circle cross herald appears a little undersized from yellow "Super" on the Shock Control the expanse of red offered by the car side. The lettering style was Helvetica in lieu of the more stylish herald. All of the vertical rivets were Railroad Roman of yesteryear. Notice the lowered brake wheel. -Thomas Chenoweth photo removed and Plastruct ABS ribs were added to the both sides of the car utiliz­ ing the cast-on seams to position them. An additional set of angled ribs was added on either side of the double-plug doors. These were located and the angle was established by using photographs of the prototype. Te nex 7 was used to affi x the ABS to the styrene car sides. It is best to use an undecorated shell for maximum adhesion of the solvent cement. New door stops must be fabricated. They are ATSF Bx-166 number 621532 shows off hercomplex-appearing side rib arrangement and plug doors. simple to build and include just two The ribs add a neat touch but are complicated to decal over on the model. Oddballs has produced a parts. A flat block of styrene and a piece set of decals with a stretched horizontal field that aids in this process. Notice all of the lettering on of angle. See photographs for placement the doors. -Thomas Chenoweth photo and size. The car received the bolster

56 RAILMODELjOURNAL . JUNE 1999 Fe-36 number 37337 is handsomely dressed in the full early Indian Red scheme complete with black ends, ladders, side sills and roof. The model is easily built from a Con-Cor kit, as the only modification is the relocating of the bolster and the extension of the side sill. The rest of the work was general upgrading including the addition of cui levers, a complete underframe and a snazzy paint scheme.

Fe-36 number 37309 is dressed in the late Indian Red scheme minus the black ends, lad­ ders, side sills and roof. Also gone is the yellow "Super" normally associated with the "Shock Control" herald. The model is easily built from a Con-Cor kit, as the only modification is the relo­ cating of the bolster and the extension of the side sill. The rest of the work was general upgrading including the addition of cut levers, new foot stirrups, a complete underframe and a snazzy paint scheme.

Bx-l02 number 600156 exemplifies a double­ door (non-plug) member of the 60-foot car fleet. The double sliding doors were added over the stock plug doors which were sanded flat prior to the addition of the new doors. This car received the data stenciling in black as per the prototype. The rest of the work was general upgrading including the addition of cut levers, a complete underframe and a snazzy paint scheme.

modification, and complete underframe detailing including air piping and brake rigging was added. All four side sills were extended over the trucks keeping the same sill contour and angle. Styrene strip was used for the extensions. It was glued in place and then body puttied with Squadron green putty. When the putty had dried, it was sanded smooth and Bx-l13 number 37727 wears the rare black Santa Fe within the white circle cross herald. The car primered to see if the joint was visible. wore no shock control herald and looks odd with the expanse of Indian Red paint on the right panel Four grabirons were melted in above of the car. The livery did include the black ends, sills, roof and ladders. Also included were the stylized each foot stirrup, creating the ladder. ATSF circle cross herald reflectors. The side sill on this car required the most modification of any of Care was taken to ensure that the grab­ these cars. It has a double taper and must be extended to over the bolster in the process. iron spacing was similar to that of the ladders. The car was painted with Scalecoat Santa Fe Red and the Oddballs decal set 187-335 was used on ATSF 62 1532 and for the primary lettering on AT SF 62 1 474. Additional Helvetica type lettering found on ATSF 62 1474 came from a variety of Microscale sets. The new Oddballs sets have elongated her­ alds fo r use over the ribs. These heralds will eliminate the narrowing effect that standard round circle cross heralds suc­ BX-121 number 37955 was equipped with a Hennesy door opening system which adds a neat detail cumb to when placed over car side ribs. to the car sides. Although the wheel system makes the car fragile and prone to damage when han­ RMJ dling, it is easy to repair. Just keep several brake wheels in stock and painted yellow. The rest of the work was general upgrading including the addition of cut levers, a complete underframe and extend­ ed side sills. The car wears the Indian Red scheme.

RAILMODELJOURNAL . JUNE 1999 57 [EXPERIENCE] ,------

INDEX OF INDEXES MODELING INDUSTRY: Painting auto racks and automobiles, April and July, Brick, May 1998 L995. Most issues of "The Journal" include a top­ Dry Bulk: We athering diesels (the Proto 2000 HO scale SD7) ical index that is a bibliography of the sub­ Cement, March 1999 with powdered pastel chalks, October 1995. jects of the articles in that issue that have Chemicals (see Tan k Car'-Served indus­ appeared in previous issues. We call it try, below) Contest-winning weathering techniques from the "Experience-At Yo ur Fingertips. More Grain, March 1996 995 weathering about what's in this issue, from articles in AccuraillRailmodel Journal j Freight Houses, Warehouses Team contest, January 1996. previous issues." In effect, "Experience" is an & Tracks, February 1998 We athering structure models with powdered pastel ongoing, month-by-month index of the arti­ Industry Plans, eb ary 1999 chalks, June 1996. cles in "The Journal," indexed by topic. F ru Intermodal Sites (see Freight Cars- Painting steam locomotives with an airbrush, step-by­ Since we don't run articles on every topic in Intermodal) step, November 1997. every issue, you need to go all the way back Milk, May 1999 Weathering steam locomotives to match specific pro­ to the last time we ran an article on that sub­ Mining-Coal Ore, Mar'ch 1998 totypes, step-by-step, November ] 997. ject, in most cases, to find an index of previ­ & Rail/Marine-Ferries, docks and inter- We athering freight cars with artists's oil colors and ous articles on that subject. modal, April 1999 techniques, by Mike Budde, December 1997. For this anniversary, it seemed a good Refrigel"ation, May 1999 Sandblasting for modelers, the best way to prepare idea to give you an index of those indexes. If Sugar, 1999 brass for paint and to strip paint from plastic, by you use the index below and you want, for June Richard Hendrickson, September 1998. example, an article on modeling the cement Tank Car-Served-Chemical, Oil & Gas, 1998 Applying modern-era graffiti with drafting pens, by industry, you need only go back to the March October Stephen M. Priest, December 1998. 1999 issue (or buy that back issue). Yo u'll Wood (Pulpwood & Paper), September 1997 Painting injection-molded plastic kit buildings to sim­ find an article on modeling cement and an 1999 ulate individual bricks, by Dennis V. Blunt, April index of all previous articles on the subject in Layout Design, June 1999. that March 1999 issue. Lightweight Benchwork & Scenery (see Color-matching prototype freight car box car red and The indexes for "Diesel Modeling," Benchwork ..., above) similar colors from American Car and Foundry, by Freight Cars of the Fifties," and "Modern Locomotive Performance Test Reports, 1999 Ed Hawkins, Pat Wider and Ray Long, August Freight Car Modeling" are too extensive to June (a separate "Performance 1989, April 1990 and June 1990. (These articles run in each issue, so we randomly insert them Summary" index) are reprinted in the book FREIGHT CAR MOD­ at least once a year, more often whenever we N Scale, Upgrading Cars & Locomotives, 1999 ELING, VOL TECHNIQUES.) can find the space. There's a two-page June I, 1996 Color-matching prototype freight car colors from the "Diesel Modeling" index in this issue, a Operations, May 1999 Pennsylvania Railroad, by Curt LaRue, Ralph three-page index of "Modern Freight Car" Passenger Car Modeling, May 1998 Gutowski and Brady McGuire, November 1990. articles in the January 1999 issue, and a three­ Passenger Train Operations, March Denting and damaging gondolas and hoppers for the page index of "Freight Cars of the Fifties" in SCENERY: "used and abused" look, by Ed Bley and Ralph the September 1998 issue. There are, howev­ Grass-That-Grows, June 1999 Gotowski, December 1990. er, articles on most of these three subjects in Tree-Building Saga, June 1999 Painting brick: (I)by prepainting the brick color, then nearly every issue since those three indexes Scratch building, July 1998 using a "wash" to "Sweep-On" the mortar color were last published. Steam Locomotive Upgrades & (2) Conversions, August 1998 and using the "Wipe-On" technique of prepar­ Truck Modeling (see Ve hicle Modeling) ing the mortar color and then adding the brick 199 INDEXOF "EXPERIENCE" Vehicle Modeling, June 1999 color, by Robert Schleicher, March I. INDEXES Walk-Around Throttle Te sts, April 1995 Decal application, by Richard Hendrickson, April 1991. Last issue to have an There were no "Experience" indexes in the Decal application, by Scott Seekins, November, 1991. "Experience" index issues that last featured articles on the follow­ Painting and weathering with aerosol cans, by Frank Airbrushing Weathering, June 1999 ing subjects, so we'll bring them up to date & Forrest, February and May 1990, and October Automobile Modeling (see Ve hicle here: 991. j Modeling) Dry transfer lettering, by Richard Hendrickson, May Benchwork, Roadbed, Track & Bridges, AIRBRUSH fs 1991. May J998 Canadian Freight Car Modeling, WEATHERING TECHNIQUES September 1996 Weathering with acrylic paints and cotton swabs, by FREIGHT CARS-IN-CONTEXT 1989. Modeling the City, October 1998 Robert Schleicher, September Yard, Cleveland, Ohio, ca. 1957, in color, June 1989. 1989. Diesel Modeling, June 1999, We athering with conventional paints, December Trains, Buffalo, New Yo rk, ca. 1937, July 1989. including: Basic airbrush weathering, by Robert Schleicher, Yard, Staten Island, New York, ca. 1928, September 1989. One-Detail-At-A-Time December 1989. Upgrading HO Scale Diesels Basic airbrush selection and spraying techniques, Yard, Buffalo, New York, ca. 1938, September 1989. 1992. Upgrading N Scale Diesels January Freight, Jalma, California, ca. October 1958, in HO 1992. Diesel Models Matching Prototypes Painting with water-based acrylics, March scale, January 1990. & 1993. ''PROFILES'' of Diesel Prototypes Weathering structures with an airbrush, April Freight, Fort Wayne, Indiana, ca. 1958, in color, FREIGHT CAR MODELING: Painting Design Preservation and Magnuson build- February 1990. 1993. Upgrading Athearn Freight Cars, May ings with paintbrush, June Yard, Amarillo, Te xas. ca. 1954, June 1990. 1999 Weatheri ng freight cars with powdered pastel chalks, Reefer yard, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, June 1941, 1993. Auto Racks, January 1999 December August 1990. 1996 Simulating wood decks on plastic flat cars, April and 929, Canadian Freight Cars, September Yard, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, ca. summer j 1994. Car Spotters Guides, December 1997 May May 1991. Freight Cars in Context, June 1999 Weathering freight cars with repainted data markings, Maine Central freight, Brunswick, Maine, August 3, 1994. Freight Cars of the Fifties, September 1998 June 1966, January 1992. Freight Train Operations (see Operations) Weathering covered hopper cars with genuine Train, Bear River Canyon, Utah, June 1 8, 1950, 1994. Intermodal Modeling, June 1999 cement, July February 1992. Modern Freight Car Modeling, We athering diesel locomotives with powdered pastel Yard, Nashville, Tennessee, January 12, 1926, January 1999 chalks, November 1994. September 1992.

58 RAILMODELjOURNAL 'jUNE 1999 Yard. Toronto, Ontario on the Canadian National, Prototype photos and track plans and railroad opera­ Athearn and A-Line containers and trailers and tions at the Midwest Sugar Distribution Terminal, Athearn flat cars as modeled in HO scale by August \ 950. June \ 993. Yard, Cleveland. Ohio on the Erie-Lackawanna, ca. La Grange, Illinois. by Rich Gher, May 1996. Robert Rogers, September 1991. summer \ 963, December 1993. Roadrailer Mark IV rail/highway trailer kit conver­ Yard, Detroit, Michigan, ca 1895, January \ 995. TRUCK Ii AUTOMOBILE sion in HO scale from McKean kits, October 1991. Yard, Council Bluffs, Nebraska, ca. \ 945, January MODELING Kit-conversion: Baltimore and Ohio class P-35 40- 1996. (fir/ide appears pages of /his issue. ) foot intennodal flat cars (circa 1960), from all 16-19 Canton Yard (erroneously labeled "Camden Yard''), CNW and IC 40-root exterior-post trailers from the Central Va lley flat car kits and modified A-Line, Baltimore, Maryland, on the Pennsylvania sixties, Mark Vaughan and D. Scott Chatfield, June by Greg La Rocca, November 1991. Railroad, circa 1948, by Richard Hendrickson, 1990. Athearn HO scale 85-1'001 TOFC and COFC flat cms December 998. Fruehauf 48-root Quantum trailers from A-Line HO \ aud Micro-Trains I scale 89-foot TOFC and scale kits, by David Hussey, April 1992. COFC flat cars, prototypes and models, March 1992. Tractors THE TREE-BUILDING SAGA (cabs) and trailers from Model Power, A­ Fruehauf 48-foot trailers, prototypes and matching Line and Aurora models, by Richard Yaremko, Building trunks and limbs from wire, October 1990. models in HO scale from A-Line kits, April 1992. Polyfiber limbs and ground foam leaves. November May 1992. Trucks and trailers in HO scale, from A-Line, Model 1990. Greg's Garage and Monogram (now Con-Cor) HO Power and Aurora kits, May 1992. Trees, by species, the Harvard Museum's primeval scale trucks and automobiles, March 1990. Commonwealth Cast Steel (GSJ) 53-foot 6-inch flat forest diorama, May 1991. Creating realistic headlights on automobiles and cars from Walthers HO scale kits (Car Spotters Building N scale (and background HO scale) tree trucks with MV lenses and other details by Ken trunks from wire, the Reids' way, June 1991. Patterson, April 1995. Guide No. II), December 1992. Trees, by species, the Harvard Museum's "Second Simulating chrome trim on automobiles and trucks by Upgrading Walthers Thrall double-stack cars with Growth Pine" diorama, July 1991. Ken Patterson, March 1996. Plano walkways and converting stand-alone cars Goldenrod and wire tree trunks, for N scale (and Assembling and painting metal truck and automobile into five-unit articulated sets, December 1992. background HO scale) trees, the Reid's way, kits in HO and N scales, June 1997. Athearn,Walthers and A-Line HO scale single-unit Modeling oil tank trucks in HO and N scales, June August 1991. double-stack well cars, prototypes, models, paint­ 1997. Trees, by species, the Harvard Museum techniques, ing and upgrading information, January 1993. Updating, backdating and superdetailing trucks and Step-By-Step, December 1991. 20-foot HO scale containers from A-Line kits, with Trees in context, scene-specific scenery. February vans, by Mike Budde, August 1997. Report on 1997 National Vehicle Modeling paint and decals for modeling and matching pro­ 1992. Convention, October 1997. totypes, April 1994. Modeling maple trees, February 1992. Hi-Rail work truck kit-conversion from C in C and Gunderson Maxi-3 (five-unit) intermodal well cars from N scale (and background HO scale), maple, ash, lin­ Walthers kits in HO scale by Mike Budde, January Athearn or Con-Cor HO scale models, June 1994. den and oak trees, May 1992. 1998. Derail-proofing Con-Cor's 'Fuel-Foiler' intermodal N scale (and background HO scale), birch, elm and KenlVorth T600 truck, traiIeI' and tractor load from chestnut trees, July 1992. articulated spine cars, September 1995. Herpa, Trucks' N Stuff, and Preiser HO scale mod­ Using the Noch (from Walthers) natural growth trees. Spotting the second generation of intermodal dou­ els, by Dan Goins, April 1999. January 1994. ble-stack cars-matching the models to their pro­ Great Northern 40-foot flatbed trailers fo rm Lonestar Upgrading lichen trees and bushes with ground foam, totypes. by D. Scott Chatfield. September 1995. Models HO scale kits, by Duane E. Buck, June May 1995. Upgrading Walthers N or HO scale or A-Line HO 1999. Using natural growths for living and dead trees, July scale Thrall intermodal well cars with Gold Medal 1995. MODELING INTERMODAL Models (N scale) or Plano (HO scale) etched-metal Trees that "grow," Part II. Modeling trees with trunks CARS AND EQUIPMENT walkways, steps and grabirons, June 1996. made from natural growths, August 1995. (flrlicle appears pages o.f lhis issue.) lB. Hunt 53-foot plate wall trailer from A-Line's all 16-19 Making N scale trees from rabbitbrush, pigweed and 50-foot piggyback flat cars and trai ler prototype HO scale kit, by Brian Kreimendahl, April 1998. fine sawdust, October 1995. photos, with model and decal sources, in color, Modeling a rail/marine intermodal terminal with Modeling specific-species tree trunks from wire rope or July and September 1989. plans for a container-loading crane from dock to cable, tape and putty, by Shirley Rowe, March 1996. Athearn HO scale 50-foot piggyback flat car and 24- ship, by Bernard Kempinski, May 1998. Modeling dead and fallen trees, by Scott Seekins, foot trailer upgrade to match B&O prototype, MD&W 48-foot containers from Walthers kits. by April 1996. October 1989. Trees that "grow." Pan III, using the Noch and Scenic Brian Kreimendahl, June 1998. B&O 53-foot 6-inch nat cars and 24 and 33-foot Express Scandinavian weeds to duplicate ash, UPS 40-foot drop-frame van from Railpower's HO trailer photos and equipment diagrams, October aspen, beech and birch trees, November 1998. scale kit, by Brian Kreimendahl, September 1998. 1989. Modeling the Pines-built 45-foot intermodal l railers GRASS-THAT-GROWS Prototype photos for Walthers HO scale in HO or N scale from Atlas Models. by Brian The British technique using orthopedic surgeon's "Piggypacker" trailer-loading crane. August 1989. Kreimendahl, November 1998. plaster cast-lining cotton, by Barry Norman, Intermodal yard track plan with prototype photos of January 1995. Stainless steel 48 and 53-foot utility reefer trailers matching Beacon Park (Boston), Massachusetts, Sweatshirt material for grass, by Robelt Schleicher, operated by Stevens Transport from A-Line kits, yard on the NYC, October 1989 and August February 1995. by Ed McCaslin, December 1998. 1989. XTRA Corporation 45-foot trailers from Atlas HO or SUGAR BEET INDUSTRY Prototype photo of sixties-era Pennsylvania Railroad Prototype and model photos, prototype track plans piggyback train of 75-1'00t Bethlehem Steel Corp. N scale models, by Brian Kreimendahl, January and operations at sugar beet plants and beet load­ flat cars, in color, January 1990. 1999. ers in Colorado. February. April & June 1991. Thrall (A-Line HO and Walthers N and HOl and Roadway Express "ETCS" 28-foot FRP trailers from Prototype and model photos, prototype photos, infor­ Gunderson double stacks (A-Line HO and Rail Power Products HO scale kits, by Ed mation on sugar beet processing, and railroad DeLuxe Innovations N), April 1990. McCaslin, February 1999. operations at sugar beet plants at the Utah & Idaho Prototype photos and roster of 75-foot Bethlehem Modeling the smooth-side and corrugated-side 32- Co. plant, August 1991. Steel Corp. flat cars to match Walthers HO scale foot trailers of the fifties from stock SparrolVs BN scale model, prototype photos model and proto­ kits, April 1990. Point Division resin kits and kit-conversions, by type track plans and operations at the sugar beet 40-foot exterior-post trailers (from Walthers 35-foot Mont Switzer, March 1999. plant in Sugar Land, Texas, by Russell Straw, HO scale kits) and prototypes for the Walthers Great Northern 40-foot flatbed trailers form Lonestar December 1993. 75-foot Bethlehem Steel Corp. flat cars, June 1990. Models HO scale kits, by Duane E. Buck, June 1999.

RAILMODELjOURNAL 'JUNE 1999 59 ------[ CALENDAR ]------

Publisher: Larry Bell Railroad Prototype St., St. Paul, MN 55 117 Editor: Robert Schleicher Modelers Meet July 22-25. S Gaugers National Copy Editor: Brian Bevirt May 12-16 Railroad Prototype Modelers Regular Contributors: Meet in Conjunction with the NMRA Pacific Convention, concurrent with the NMRA Louis A. Man'e, Diesels Coast Region Annual Convention, COllVen­ National Convention (but a different site), Jim Eager, Sixties-era Modeling tion Center, Ukiah, California. Best Western Kelley Inn, 161 St. Anthony, SI. D. Scott Chatfield, Modern Modeling Paul, Minnesota. Brian KreimendahJ. Intennodal Mod�ling July 17-24. Railroad Prototype Modelers Todd SulliVlIl1. (c. 1960- 1 969) Model ing meet in conjunction with the NMRA National Sept. 15-19. Paci fic Southwest Region, John Nehricb. (c. 1945- 1959) Modeling � NMRA Convention, Little America Hotel, Ricbard Hendrickson, Convention, Saint Paul, Minnesota. (c. 1940- 1949) Modeling Flagstaff, Arizona. Contact: Richard Dick, Tom Hood, Canadiatl Modeling Octobet' 29-3 1. Sixth Annual Prototype 5948 E. Hawthorne St., Tucson, AZ 85711. Guy Thrams, Model Locomotives Modelers Seminar, Naperville, Holiday Inn, Doug Gurin (Layout Design SIG ), Naper Blvd. Exit off 1-88, Naperville, Illinois NMRA National Conventions Layout Design (the same weekend as the National Hobby Rick Brendel, Electronics Show at Rosemont, Illinois-also a Chicago July 30-August 6, 2000. San Jose, GI'aphic Director: Stuart Swineford suburb). Registration is $30 from Sunshine Art Department: Auggie Velasquez CA. Models, Box 4997, Springfield. MO 65808- Circulation Director: Sberri Simpson Summer 2001. Saint Louis, MO. Phone: (303) 296- 1600 4997 Fax: (303) 295-2 159 Sum mel' 2002, Fort Lauderdale, FL.

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The hobby of model rai lroading has We want to receive all of the 70-plus soci­ well as publish your information in our next changed dramatically over the past decade. ety magazi nes on all exchange program for available issue. We intend to publish this The products themselves are better, but the subscriptions to this magazine. If your society complete listing each June . most significant change has come in the area is not receiving our magazine, let us know. Society membership chairmen: of information. Each month there are about We try to review the publications that contain Please double-check your mailing list to 1,000 more pages of historical material in material we feel might be of interest to any be sure that "The Journal," 2403 Champa print in books and magazines about just real modeler or railfan. Articles on specific loco­ St., Denver, CO 80205, is receiving your railroads. If you are truly recreating a real moti ve classes or caboose rosters or society group's publication so we can review them in railroad (or basing your line on the character news are not of general interest. Articles on "The Society Papers." Also, let us know if of a re al railroad), then you'll want some kind operating techniques, freight car classes used you have not received this issue of "The of access to all this information. in interchange, standard stations, and opera­ Journal" at the address on these pages. And, VirnIally every real railroad that has the tions in specific areas or industries are all top­ of course, let us know if we can cooperate kind of charisma a modeler searches for now ics you might want to know about so you can with your society in any way. We try our best has a specific historical society (sometimes either join the society or buy that current back to have fe ature articles in the magazine that two or more) devoted to publishing material issue before it goes out of print. coi ncide with feature articles in your publica­ on that railroad. Some of the publications are The fo llowing are the last known address­ tions, thus providing further background data slick-paper monthly magazines, others are bi­ es and dues and publication information fo r for our readers and, hopefully, bringing you monthlies, quarterlies or even annuals. Some every real railroad historical society that we more new members. are just newsletters. If you are interested in a know to exist. If we missed yours, send us a Robert Schleicher society's namesake line, however, even copy of your publication and dues schedule, Editor, Railmodel Journal newsletters can supply the facts you need. and we'll announce that we missed you as

Railroad Historical Societies Central Raih-oad of New Jersey Historical Society, P.O. Box 519, Lansdale, PA 19446-05 19. Send SASE for more in"ormation. http://www.rrhistorical.com/arhs. Ccntral Vermont Railway Historical Society, P.O. Box 8672, Essex. VT

Akr'on, Canton & Youngstown Historical Society, P.O. Box 196, Sharon Center, 0545 1-8672. Send SASE for more information. Chesapcake & Ohio Historical Society, P.O. Box 79, Clifton Forge, VA 01-1 44274-0096. Qwu·terly slick-paper news magazine, the AC& Y News, $18. Amtrak Historical Society, 1579 No. Milwaukee Ave. Suite 350, Chicago, IL 24422. Monthly slick-paper magazine, $19.00. http://cohs.marshall.edu/ 60622, quarterly magazine, $15. http://trainweb.com/ahs Chessie System Historical Society, 163 Straith St., Staunton, VA 2440 I. Ann Arbor' Railroad Te chnical & Historical Association (also covers Michigan Dues are $20 per year inlcuding the illustrated magazine Chessie News. hrtp:l/www2.netcom.com/-peake/mflltm Northem and Tuscola & Saginaw Bay), PO. Box 51, Chesaning, MI 486 16. Chicago & Eastcrn Illinois Railr'oad Historical Society, Newsletter, $10. Box 606, Crestwood, IL 60445-0606. Quarterly magazine and calendar, $12.50. Anthracite Raill'Oads HistoJ'ical Society (Central of New Jersey, Lackawanna, http://www2.justnet.com/dei/ Lehigh & Hudson River, Lehigh & New England, Lelligh Valley, Reading), PO. Chicago & North Western Histor'ical Society, P.O. Box 1270, Sheboygan. Box 519, Lansdale, PA 19446-05 19. Magazine, newsletter, $20. WI 53082- 1270. Slick-paper magazine, $20. Atlantic Coast Linc/Seaboard Air Line Railroads Historical Society, P. O. Box NOr/II We stern Lines www.cnwhs.org 325, Valrico, FL 33594-0325. Quru'terly magazine, $19. Chicago Aurora and Elgin, P.O. Box 3346, Chicago, IL 60690. Send SASE http://www.visuallink.netlACLSAL for more information. hnp:l/www.cnwhs.org Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Historical Society, P.O.Box 13578, Baltimore, MD Chicago (Shortlines) Historical Society, c/o Larsen Hobby, 257 1 Lincoln 21203. Magazine, annual meeting, $20. Highway, Suite 5, New Lenox, [L 6045 1. Send SASE for more information. Boston & Maine Railroad Historical Society, P. O. Box 469, Derry, NH 03038. Colorado & Southem Narrow Gauge Historical Society, P.O. Box 3246, Quarterly magazine, monthly newsletter, $25. Littleton, CO 80 161-3246. Quarterly slick-paper magazine, $25. British Columbia Railway Historical & Technical Society, 25852 McBean Colorado Midland Railway Co" 475 Ocelot Dr., Colorado Springs, CO Pkwy., Suite 187, Valencia, CA 91355. Send a SASE for more information. 809 19. Quarterly newsletter, $15. [email protected]. Conrail Histor'ical Society, Box 38, Walnutport, PA 18088-0038. Monthly Burlington Route Historical Society, P. O. Box 456, LaGrange, IL 60525. newsletter, $25. [email protected] Quarterly magazine, $20. http://www.buriingtonroute.com Conrail Te chnical Society, c/o John P. Krattinger, P.O. Box 7140, Garden Friends of the Bul'lington Nor'thern,P. O. Box 27 1, West Bend, WI 53095-027 1. City, NY 1 1530-7 140. Send SASE for more information. Monthly slick-paper Quarterl y magazi ne, $16. magazine $22. http://www.rrhistorical.com/crts http://www.getnet.com/-dickg/nmraisigs/FOBNR/FOBNR.html. Conrail, Cotton Belt Rail Historical Society (StLSW), P.O. Box 2044, Pine BluA', AR Burlington Northern Histol'ical Society, c/o D.G. Casdorph, P.O. Box 2480, 71613. Send SASE for more information. Monrovia, CA 91017. Quarterly magazine, $10. Make checks payable to D.G. Casdorph. http://www.seark.net/-wbeck/cb8 1 9.html CN Lines SIG, c/o Nick Andrusiak, CN Lines Treasurer, 101 Elm Park Rd., Dclawar'e & Hudson Railway, c/o Bridge Line Historical Society, P. O. Box Winnipeg, Manitoba, R2M OW3, Canada. Quarterly slick-paper magazine, 7242, Capital Station, Albany, NY 12224. Send SASE for more information. Denver & Rio Gr'ande Western Historical Society, $16 (US) and $20 (Canadian). http://I29.93.226. 138/rr/cnr/cnlines.htm P.O. Box 314, Parker, Canadian Northern Society, P.O. Box 142, Bib Va lley, Alberta TOJ OGO, CO 801 34. Quarterly newsletter, $20. Denver & Salt Lake Historical Society, P.O. Box 3155, Estes Park, CO Canada. Send stamped, self-addressed envelope for more information. 805 17. Send a stamped, Early Canadian & Northern Alberta Railway (Special Interest Group), c/o self-addressed envelope for more information. Friends of The East Broad Top, c/o Ruth Kosowski, RD Box 996, Wo lf Kirchmeir, Box 1 164, Blind River, Ontario POR lBO, Canada. Quarterly f-1. I, news magazine, $15. Three Springs, PA 17264. http://www.usaor.net/users/vagelk/febthome.htm Canadian Pacific (Special Interest Group). CP SIG, c/o Roger Chrysler, 27 East Te nnessee & Western North Carolina Historical Society, c/o John R. Frank St., Brantford, Ontario N3T 5C8 in Canada, or CP SIG c/o Jim Moore, Waite, 8 Hickory Hills, DeSoto, MO 63020. Quarterly magazine, $10. 25852 McBean Pkwy., Suite 187, Valencia, CA 91355-3705. Dues are $15.00 Erie-Lackawanna Historical Society, ELHS, Inc., c/o Bob Rose, I La Malfa Rd., Randolph, NJ 07869. http://www.ddnaco.net/-gelwood/ $20 per year. including the quarterly slick-paper magazine CP Tra cks. Central of Georgia Historical Society, 4403 Fielding Lane, Norcross, GA Frisco Modelers Information Group, 1212 Finnean's Run, Arnold, MD 30392. Send SASE for more information. 21012-1876. 62 RAILMODELJOURNAL . JUNE 1999 Rio GI'ande Southel'n Historical & Technical Society, P.O. Box 3358. La Grand Trunk Western Historical Society, P.O. Box 61 1. Keego Harbor. M I Mesa, CA 92044. Quarterly magazine, $8. 48230- 1205. Send SASE for more information. Rock lsland Technical Society, clo Michael J. Hanauer, Secretary, 13522 N. Great Northel'n Railway Historical Society, 1781 Griffith. Berkley, MI W. Rinehart Ln., Parkville, MO 64 152-1478. Dues are $20 including the quar­ 48072. Quarterly magazine, $20. terly magazine e Rock. Gulf, Mobile & Ohio Historical Society, Inc., P.O. Box 2457, Joliet, IL Th Rutland Railroad Histor'ical Society, P. O. Box 6262, Rutland. VT 0570 I. 60434-2457. Quarterly magazine and newsletters, $25. Quarterly magazine, $15. H.J. Heinz Special Interest Group, clo Bill Dippert, 2650 NW Robinia Ln., Santa Fe Railway Historical & Modeling Society, 9847 Spring Hill Lane, Portland, OR 97229-4037. Quarterly magazine. $15 per year ($6 to NMRA Highlands Ranch. CO 80 1 26. Bi-monthly slick-paper magazine. Send SASE members). for more information. Illinois Central Railroad Historical Society, 14818 CIi fton Park Ave., Seaboard Coast Line (See Atlantic Coast LinelSeaboard Air Line Railroads Miloothian, IL 60445. Newsletter, $15. Historical Society.) lIIinois Terminal (Illinois Traction Society), 5903 Vo llmer Lane, Godfrey, IL Sierra Railway Historical Society, P.O. Box 100 I, Jamestown, CA 95327. 62035. Quarterly magazine and newsletter, $15. Quarterly magazine Sierra Railwav JOllmal, $20. Illinois Terminal Railroad Historical Society, clo Gill Siepert, Illinois Shol'e Line Inteml'ban Histor'ical Society (Chicago, North Shore & It Central College, East Peoria, IL 60635. Newsletter, $10. Milwaukee; Chicago, South Shore & South Bend; and Chicago, Aurora & Illinois Terminal Railroad (Museum Society), P. O. Box 3882, Springfield, Elgin), P.O. Box 346, Chicago, IL 60690. Quarterly magazine, $20. IL 62708-3882. Newsletter, $20. Soo Line Historical & Tcchnical Society, 2253 N. 70th St., Wauwatosa, WI Kansas City Southern Historical Society, P.O. Box 5332, Shreveport, LA 532 13. Magazine, $16. 71 135-5332. Quarterly newsletter, $15. Southern Pacific Historical & Technical Society, P.O. Box 93697, Pasadena, Katy Railroad Historical Society, P.O. Box 1784, Sedalia, MO 65302. CA 91 109-3697. Slick-paper magazine, SP hainline, $15. Quarterly magazine, $15. Southel'lI Pacific Narrow Gauge Society, clo Bob Cook. 3101 Waldorf, Lehigh Valley Railroad Histol'ical Society, P.O. Box RR, Manchester, NY Riverside, CA 92507. Newsletter, $15. 14504-0200. Send SASE for more information. Southern Railway Historical Association, P.O. Box 33. Spencer, NC 28 159. L&N Historical Society, P. O. Box 17122, Louisville, KY 402 17. Magazinel Send SASE fo r more information. newsletter, $20. Southern Railway Historical Society, P.O. Box 204094, Augusta, GA 309 17- Maine Centl'al Railroad, clo The "470" Club, Inc., P.O. Box 64 1, Portland, 4094. Quarterly magazine, $15. ME 04 104. Send SASE for more information. Spokane, Por·t!and & Seattle Historical Society, clo Gerald Howard, 6207 Maryland & Pennsylvania Raih'oad Preservation & Histo.-ical Society, No. Concord, Portland, OR 972 17. Send SASE for more information. P.O. Box 224. Spring Grove, PA 17362. Quarterly magazine, $15. Susquehanna (New Yor'k, Susquehanna and Western) Technical & Milwaukee Road Historical Association, P.O. Box 307, Antioch, lL 60002- HistOl'ical Society, P.O. Box 121, Rochelle Park, NJ 07662-0 121. Quarterly 0307. Quarterly newsletter, $14. http://www.mrha.com/ slick-paper magazine, Sl/squehanna RejleclOl; $20. Milwaukee Roads-Line West, MILWEST, 6 Park Place, Clancey, MT Tenninal Railroad Association of St. Louis Historical and Technical 59364-9759. Quarterly newsletter, $10. Society, Inc., P. O. Box 1688, SI. Louis, MO 63 1 88- 1 688. Magazine, $15. Missabe Railroad Histo.-ical Society, 719 Northland Ave., Stillwater, MN Three Rivers Nan'ow Gauge Historical Society, 218 19th Sr., Findlay, OH 55082. Newsletter, $12.50. 45840. Magazine, $1S. MissoUJ'i & Arkansas Raih'oad Museum (also covers Missouri & North Tidewater Southern Historical Society, P.O. Box 882, Manteca, CA 95336. Arkansas, Arkansas & Ozarks, and others), P. O. Box 1094, Harrison, AR Send SASE for more information. Quarterly magazine, $15. 73601-1094. Magazine, $10. To ledo, Peoria & Western Historical Society, 615 Bullock St., Eureka, fL Missouri-Kansas-Texas Railroad (see Katy Railroad Historical Society). 61530. Send SASE for more information. Missouri Pacific Railroad Historical Society, P.O. Box 1876, Alvarado, TX Toronto, Hamilton & Buffalo Histor'ical Society, 115 Coicrest St., Hamilton, Ontario L8E 3Y7. 76009- I 876. Bi-monthly magazine, $20. Monon Historical Technical Society, P.O. Box 5303. Lafayette, IN 47903- Ulstel' & Delaware Railroad Histol'ical Society, P.O. Box 404, Margaretville, 5303. Quarterly magazine, $20. NY 12455-0404. Send SASE For more inFormation. New Haven Raih'oad Historical & Tec hnical Society, P. O. Box 122, Union Pacific Historical Society, P.O. Box 4006, Cheyenne, WY 82003-4006. Wal lingford, CT 06492. Quarterly magazine, newsletter $20. Quarterly magazine, $20. New Jersey Midland Railroad Historical Association, P. O. Box 6125. Wabash Railroad Historical Society, 813 Ayers Sr., Bolingbrook, IL 60440. Parsippany, NJ 07054. Send SASE fo r more information. Quarterly magazine and newsletter, $15. New Yo rk Central System Historical Society, P. O. Box 81184, Cleveland, Western Maryland Railway Historical Society, P.O. Box 395, Union Bridge, MD 21791. Quarterly newsletter, $20. 01-1 44 181-0 184. Quarterly magazine, The Headlight. $20. Western Pacific Railroad Historical Society, P.O. Box 608. Portola, CA New York Connccting Railroad, clo Rich Randall, 8406 Montpelier Dr., 96 1 22. Quarterly slick-paper magazine /-Ieadlight, $20. Laurel, MD 20708. Send SASE for more information. The American 'Ihlck Historical Society, PO. Box 53 1168, Birmingham, AL 35253. (New York) Ontario & Western Railroad Tec hnical & Historical Society, Bi-monthly slick paper magazine, Wh eels o/ 77/IJe, $25. P.O. Box 713, Middletown, NY 10940. Send SASE for information. Ear'ly Piggyback (pre- 1970) Special Interest Group. clo Mark Vaughn, P. O. Box Nickel Plate Road Histor'ical & Technical Society, Inc., P.O. Box 38 1, New 24223. Chicago, IL 60690. Group just Forming - send SASE with your possi­ I-laven, IN 46774-038 1. Quarterly slick-paper magazine, $22. ble list or contributions and interest.s. NOI'folk & Western Historical Society, P.O. Box 20 Forest, VA 2455 1 - I, Modern Transport Technical & Historical Society, clo David G. Casdorph, 020 Bi-monthly newsletter, $20. http://www.nhs.org I. P. O. Box 1458, Monrovia, CA 91016. Magazine Freight Car JOIII'I/al, $ 15. Northern Pacitic Railway Historical Association, 11235 Washington St., National Railway Histol'ical Society, P.O. Box 58547, Philadelphia, PA NE, Blaine, MN 55434. Bi-annual sl ick-paper magazine, $20. 19102-58547. Quarterly magazine, $10. Northwestern Pacitic Historical Society, P. O. Box 667, Santa Rosa, CA North American Maintenance of Way Association, clo Wal t Howard, P.O. 95402-9998. Send SASE for more information. Box 420058, Kanarraville, UT 84742. Send SASE for more information. Pennsylvania Railroad Te chnical & Historical Society, P.O. Box 712, Railroad Station Historical Society, 430 Iv)' Ave., Crete, E 68333. Altoona, PA 16603-07 12. Quarterly magazine, $30. Newsletter, $8. PRR (Philadelphia Chapter PRRT & HS), P. O. Box 663, Wayne, PA 19087- 1187 Scale Model Vehicle & Equipment Club, 2808 Cibola Dr., Irving, TX 0663. Quarterly slick-paper magazine, $ 1 5. 75062. Send SASE for more information. Pennsylvania-Reading Seashore lilies Historical Society, P.O. Box 1214, Layout Design (SIG), clo Richard Steinmann, 24 12 Myrtle Ln., Reston . VA Bellmawr, NJ 08099. Send SASE for more information. 2209 1. Dues are $15 inicuding the biannual Layollt Desigll .I0IJrlW! and the Pere Marquette Railroad Historical Society, P.O. Box 422, Grand Haven, quarterly newslettter. M1 494 17. News magazine, $20. Operations (SIG), 14 Summit Dr., Dune Acres, IN 46304. Dues are $15 Piedmont & Northern Railway Historical Association, clo Craig A. Myers, including quarterly magazine. P. O. Box 548 1, Greenville, SC 29606. Send SASE for information. RR Industry (SIG), 19808 Falling Spring Cr., Laytonsville, MD 20882- 1226. Pittsburgh, Shawmut & Northern Railroad Historical Society, P. O. Box $1 1 including quarterly Lilleside magazine. 97, Walston, PA 15781. Send SASE fo r more information. Rail-Marine Infol'mation Group, 12107 Mt. Albert Road, Ellicott City, MD Reading Company Technical & Historical Society, P. O. Box 15143, 21042. Dues are $25 including four issues of The Tr alls/el: Reading, PA 19612. Quarterly magazine, $20 Teen Association of Model Raill'Oaders, clo John Reichel, 1800 E. 38th St., Richmond, Fredricksbm'g & Potomac Historical Society, clo Dennis Oakland, CA 94602. Blake, 938 Pennsylvania Ave., Columbus, OH 43210-3335. Send SASE for Urban Modelers (SIG), clo Mike Palmiter, Route I, Box 205, Williams, IN more information. 47470. Send a stamped, self-addressed envelope for more inFormation.

RAILMODELJOURNAL . JUNE 1999 63 [PERFORMANCE ] r------,

The more significant fig ures from Guy Th rams' and Bob Higgins' evaluations of model locomotives in past issues of this magazine. Th e is sues with asterisks are out of print, but photocopies of these reports are available for $2.00 each (aI/ow 30 days fo r shipment). Expla nations of how Bob Higgins and Guy Th ra ms test these locomotives appeared in the March 1990 and September 1992 issues.

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64 RAILMODELjOURNAL 'JUNE 1999 T'S NEW... IN N SCALE] WHA ------[

Blair Line, P.O. Box 1136, Carthage, MO 64836 is now shipping a laser-cut wood kit to build this "Company House." The kit is $17.95 plus $3.00 shipping.

Micro-Trains is now producing the 36-foot wood reefers kits with steel underframes to recreate the common "meat" reefers of the 1930-1960 era. The Swifts car is available in a three-pack that includes "Premium Beef," "Premium Ham," and "Premium Bacon" slogans for $47.85. See your dealer.

Deluxe Innovations, P.O.Box 42 13, Burbank, CA 91503-4213 is producing this ready-to-run replica of the smooth-side 50-foot Woodchip cars. The models are $10.95 each or $65.70 for a six pack in Santa Fe paint and lettering. Undecorated versions are $9.95 and Box Car Red models with dimensional data only are $9.95 each.

GHQ, 28100 Woodside Road, Shorewood, MN 55331 is offering cast metal kits to recreate the 1930 Ford Model A Phaeton for $7.95 each

InterMountain Railway Company, P.O. Box 839, longmont, CO 80502-0839 is now shipping N scale PS-2 4750 cubic foot capacity 3-bay cov­ ered hopper car kits. The first paint scheme is Santa Fe for $13.95. Undecorated kits are $10.95.

RAILMODELJOURNAL . JUNE 1999 65 ------WHAT'S NEW ALL SCALES [ ... FOR ] ------

-.

Digitrax, 450 Cemetery St., Number 206, Norcross, GA 30071 is now F&H Enterprises, 2562 Silver State Parkway, Suite C3, Minden, NV 89423 offering their Digital Command Control system in an inexpensive "Genesis is importing the new series of Peco "Passing Contact Switches" to control Starter Set" for $250.00. The set includes the Command Station, a UT2 switch machines for turnouts. The levers remain in the right or left position Throttle and the decoder (specify for which brand and type of locomotive) to give a visual indication of the way the turnout is thrown. They are avail­ and full instructions. The system will operate up to 22 locomotives and is able with red, white, black and yellow levers. compatible with other Digitrax DCC systems.

Accurail is now producing a series of "Easy Scene" tree kits with flexible Applied Design, P.O. Box 3384, Torrance, CA 90051 is producing this "Mini­ plastic trunks and limbs. The limbs can be bent into any position. The fin­ Sander" 101 with a continuous sanding belt. The sander includes 120-grit ished tree is then coated with ground foam. The Easy Scene system includes "load-free" aluminum oxide belts, and sells for $4.50 plus 75 cents trees that range from 2-inches to 71h inches tall in a series of five sizes of postage. "Tall Deciduous Tree" kits, four sizes of "Broad Deciduous Tree" kits, and three sizes of "Small Conifer Tree" kits so you can build a variety of tree types. Easy Scene also offers 17 different colors of ground foam.

Parma International is now offering clear plastic display cases in 14, 18 and 22-inch lengths for $11, $12, and $13 per case. See your dealer.

66 RAILMODELJOURNAL 'JUNE 1999 [WHAT'S NEW ...IN HO SCALE - ---- J - __-

InterMountain is now shipping this F7 A Phase I body shell kit that includes virtually all the visi­ ble details of the prototype, It will fit Athearn or Stewart chassis. InterMountain will have its own power chassis available this fall. The undecorat­ ed body shell kit is $49.95 and New York Central lightening stripe or Southern Pacific "Black Widow" painted body shell kits are $74.95. See your dealer.

Sunshine Models, Box 4997, Springfield, MO 65808 is now shipping cast-resin kits to recre­ ate the Milwaukee Road and Green Bay and Western's single-sheathed 40-foot box cars with 8-foot 7 -inch interior heights. The kits are $28 with decals but less trucks and couplers, plus $4.00 shipping and handling.

Moloco, 34 Bristol St., Aldinga Beach, SA 5173, Australia is producing this injection-molded plastic kit to built a "doghouse"-style transfer caboose on your choice of flat car. The kit includes etched brass window mullions and all the stanchions and details for $9.95.

Rutland Car Shops, P.O.Box 64947, Burlington, VT 05406-4947 is now shipping cast resin with metal detail parts to duplicate the Rutland Railroad's North Dorset, Ve rmont depot. The kit is $38.00 plus $4.00 ship­ ping and handling.

Bachmann is producing a ready-to-run replica of the USRA Light 4-8-2 Mountain.in its Spectrum series. The model should operate as well as their 2-8-0. The 4-8-2 is available in Sp, Up, NH, Mp, N C &St.L, Southern or undecorated for $170.00.

RAILMODELjOURNAL . JUNE 1999 67 Noru: 1t AME ..iCAN tpdJO Overland Models has a variety of OO' COVEREd HOPPEIt new paint schemes for the North American S Each model is exquisitely "Pd3000" Covered Hoppers. handcrafted In brass by our fa ctory in China and custom ainted in States. These cars look really sharp and the United will add more than a bit of color to any r a wide selection of mode railroad. Available in paint schemes, completely lettered and three different detail versions. Stop and see friendly OMI dealer to to place your order. your Mardan Photography

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Fax: (613) 226 Diagram book $8.00 55y postage 5747 Send (or our free listing of over 750 different sets SCALE RAIL MODELS P.o. Box 2019 • Elmhurst, IL 60126 E mail [email protected]

'10\.UME ut PER} OVERED HOP [ Say - ee & four ok \/Thr So ng from rs' Suildi Ho e s covered PP ' Her model . kl e lo{ r be proto ' , p the e models. N, S& O s cal HO, -pages, lOO $11.95

Paasche Airbrush Company Phone: 708-867-91 7440 West Lawrence Avenue Fax: 708-867-9198 E-Mail: [email protected] Harwood . , IL 60656-34 12 Models a d Photo www.paascheairbrush.com by '(.BJ:!Calatl "Building a Complete Roadbed System" N HOn3 HO S 0 Tin-Plate New 60° bevel roadbed Suggesled Retai I Price N 64' Mixed Box 4SO Bevel $22.99 HO 80' Mixed Box 45° Bevel $39.99 Add $4.00 more for 60° Bevel, either scale

Add $6.00 S&H. CA Res. add 8.25% tax Send 53 . 00 for 16" sample, info & 90 sec. video HomaBed 80 1 Chesley Ave. Richmond, CA 9480 1-2135 www.homabed.com

7 IIItmaRetl NEW Scalecoat II COLORS For Plastic illT'

SCALECOAT WiMODEL PAthINT PO BoxSca 231 Northumberland,lecoat PA 17857 Phone: 570-473-9434Pain Fax:t 570-473-3293 www.weavermodels.com - e-mail: [email protected] @1999 weaver Models . NOrthumberland. PA

GD(fo rmerly&R 40 Styles Fit 58 Different Lindsay Instruments) Locomotives and Cabooses See you at Windows for Rail Power, Athearn, M.D.C., Stewart and Bowser. MODEL RAILROAD ....AND NOW BILLBOARDS! ELECTRONICS Featuril1g 'lI1oderl1 era' billboard! HO & N SCALE for your layout.".we'll even custoll1ize Throttles - Power Packs, Power '99 thell1 with your l1all1e, address, etc. NorthStkr Supplies - Detectors Computer Programs Printed on photo-quality with easy to use peorn'slIck backing Supplies papor NTRAK Cards Welcome Fits all Wa lther's Roadside Billboards. AMX Call for Catalog FREE 'Satisfaction A' Dealer Inquiries We lcome Guaranteed" 800 359-6701 �PRODUCTIONS S LSASE nd for Info PO Box e 25224 Dealer Inquires Welcome TaGDylor &RFord Road Rochester, NY 14625 JULY 17-24 378 e-mail WindowRun8@aoLcom Columbia, Kentucky 42725

SINGLE DOOR BOXCARS INITIAL ROADNAMES ERIE 1002 BOXCAR RED, BLACK ENDS ROOF WHITE LETIERING & BALTIMORE OHIO 1013 BOXCAR RED, WHITE& LETIERING

GULF MOBILE OHIO 1014 BOXCAR RED, WHITE& LETIERING

MAINE CENTRAL 1015 types of sill Pre-production sample PINE GREEN, YELLOW LETIERING * 3 • 3 types of roofs • Reasonably priced • Separate grabs & details GENERAL-AMERICAN(GAEX) All new tooling • Metal wheels 1020 DARK GREEN, YELLOW LETIERING * types of ends • Accurate paint and lettering. * 4 ROCK ISLAND 1021 BOXCAR RED, WHITE LETIERING BRANCHLINE TRAINS 1027 NORTHERN PACIFIC (GREEN) ADiVISION OF HOBBY STORES DISTRIBUTING, INC. EAST HARTFORD CT. DARK GREEN, WHITE YELLOW LETIERING FOR A DEALER NEAR YOU CALL � OR SEE OUR www.branchline-trains.com & WEB-SITE:

72 RAILMODELJOURNAL . JUNE 1999 See your Dealer for Bowser Railmodel Journal HO REFERENCE Books

MANUAL Tu ning & Upgrading • 15th Edition $13.00 Athearn Locomotives Postpaid Freight Car Models, Vo l. I, 208 Page Manual includes: Bowser, Cal Scale, • Te chniques Cary, English's Mode Railroad Supply & Selley. Drawings of current production and drawings of Freigh t Car Models, Vol. II, past production to help you repair your engines. • Pictures of the actual locos, pictures of models. Box Cars Detail kit drawings and lists of accessories. A pruts section for the scratch builder. Th e Journal of N Scale • Modeling 1302 Jordan Ave. PO Box 322, Montoursville PA 17754 Phone 1-570-368-2379, Monday thru Friday Covered Hoppers-Book One Office hours: 9 A.M.-5 P.M. EASTERN TIME • Visa, Discover & MasterCard Accepted. Layouts of Th e Master •

RAILMODEL)OURNAL -jUNE1999 73 11@@@m@UUWI] The HO RS-3's will be available in the following rood names (with two different rood numbers and one unnumbered version per rood nome). -UNDECORATED, CANADIAN NATIONAL (Green & Gold), CENTRAL OF GEORGIA (Gray & Blue!, ERIE (Block & Yellow), ROCK ISLAND (Red & Black-"Route of the Rockets"), RUTLAND (Green & Yellow) FEATURES INCLUDE: HO RSD-4/5's wi" be available in the following rood names (with eDirectional lighting two different road numbers and one unnumbered eFactory installed couplers* A CCUMA TE" version per rood nome). eDual-flywheel equipped five-pole -UNDECORATED, JERSEY skewed armature motor for CENTRAL (Green wi Yellow super quiet performance Striping), UTAH RAILWAY eMetal grab irons (Gray wi Red Stripes & eAccurate pointing and printing to match Yellow Lettering) prototype

Please check out our web site for photos of each rood nome! (*AccuMate couplers ore produced under license from Accurail" Inc.l http://www.atlasrr.com!highhghts!hors345.asp ...... "!!t" 1!IIIo. Look lor these items at �"'/"" ATLAS MODEL RAILROAD COMPANY your local hobby store! �'.�����4 603 Sweetland Avenue, Hillside, NJ 07205, USA Reserve yours today!

NorthWest Short Line-providing you with the tools that make fine modeling possible! Stay on Track With E-B Products H.O. Scale Freight Car Trucks beqI � Precision Hobby e� ./; Standard or Non-Magnetic 7z�qz;.. . /7z l/ . Tools For Today's Black or Colored l'.tete:'/ 7es Modelers *NEW Pre-Weathered Tr ucks*

Fully Assembled R.T.R. • RP-25 Wheels - Fully Sprung Beu"dod . And"w, National Timken '' ' • . .... Non-Shorting Precision Made �� J,o • ,*' � 't,- •••• Made in U. S.A.

ulLimate I'ailmacling workhorse. EMI),s chisel-nose roaclswiLcher was renowned for iLS

versatility, ancl is proLotypically at Il ome as a f,'eight 11aL11er, passenger diesel, or switcher.

Back with an all-new selection of mad names. the 2nd release fe atures GP7s without The second release dynamic brakes. It also comes complete witll over 135 factory appl ied detail parts like includes at least two road numbers each: Atchison working cab doors, constant and clirectional headlights, and lightecl number bomds for To peka & Santa Fe; Baltimore & Ohio; Chicago North Western; maximum I'ealism. Also incluclecl are au LhenLic road nam e-specific FeaLures. like M.e. Florida East Coast; Great boxes. winLerization IlaLch, sunshacles, and clrop-sLeps. maximum tractive effon, the Northern; Illinois Central; 1" 01' Louisville & Nashville; Missouri moclel also oFfers a heavy die cast chassis, DC moLor with 5 pole skew wound ba lanced Pacific; New York Central; Pennsylvania Railroad; al'malUl'e, superrite anisotl'opic magnets. sinlered bronze oilless bearings and clual Seaboard Air Line; Chicago, machined brass l'Iywheels. Precisely-meshed worm gear and spur teeth provide smootll Rock Island & Pacific, and undecorated. running for tile all-wheel drive and electl'ical pick-up. The DCC-ready GP7 is equipped with PROTO 2000 magneLic knuckle couplers; X2F' couplers are also supplied

So if you'l'e looking fOl' a horse of a diffe rent color. viSit you r local hobby dealer today.

We lJ uild Them The Way 'I'hey Used '1'0 .

Pruducls. Inc .. Uniun Avc .. lIalLiIllOl'c ,liD� � II • In Canada: IlnplclVOod Crcscent. Concord. Onlario I.4K·II\� ©199fJ Life- Like I GOO I 1-10 Visi! ollr IVcilsil.c: ,,,vlV. lifclikcp,·odIlCIS,COIII with the All-New Spectnun® K4 New Chassis and Drive System • SuperiorPerformanc e • DCC Ready

superior tracking lead truck ITEM # DESCRIPTION * * integrally diecast firebox support 84013 Pennsylvania Railroad #3750 BACHMANN K4 FEATURES over trailing truck 84014 Penns lvania Railroad # 1361 y * HO scale Sp ectmm® model * highly detailed, blackened-metal * NMRA Co nformance main rods, connecting rods Wa rrallt 98-93 and vaLve gear * DCC read), * diecast eccentric crank * see-thro1fgh clearallce Ullder boiler * metal piston rod guides * olle-pi.ece metal chassis * Il ex head crank pin screws with hefwy ghtwei * /i17escale metal drivers * electrical pickup on locomotive * sp nmg center driver and tmder * blackened metal wheels SHIPPING Now * 5-poLe s/?ew wound 1I10tor with RP25 contours SUGGESTED RETAIL PRICE: wit/; ha;dened carboll bmshes IJa riabie clearance d b $1 1 4.00 * raw ar * bltlallced, /IIachined- brass jl) 'wbeel forexcel lent close-coupling * op erating headlight appearance and op er-atioll bell metal deck plllle * rliecilSt metal lind 1l1lmerO US * additional /M nd-app lied BACHMA NN INDUSTRIES, INC. * hand tooled coal load PHILADELPHIA, PA metal detllif parts * post- WWIJ stybng and paint sehel WWW.BACHMANNTRAINS.COM * painted engilleer and fi man _figures foetory instafied front and re * rem" * prototype sifter lJalpes E'--ZMa te"col/pLers * metal mt lepers for cOfllJenient do uble-heading