Reflections on the Phylogenetic Position and Generic Status Of
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Red-Footed Booby Helper at Great Frigatebird Nests
264 SHORT COMMUNICATIONS NECTS MEANS ECTS MEANS ICATE SAMPLE SIZE S.D. SAMPLE SIZE 70 IN DAYS FIGURE 2. Culmen length against age of Brown FIGURE 1. Weight against age of Brown Noddy Noddy chicks on Manana Island, Hawaii in 1972. chicks on Manana Island, Hawaii in 1972. about the thirty-fifth day; apparently Brown Noddies on Christmas Island grow more rapidly than those on 5.26 g/day (SD = 1.18 g/day), and chick growth rate Manana. More data are required for a refined analysis and fledging age were negatively correlated (r = of intraspecific variation in growth rates of Brown -0.490, N = 19, P < 0.05). Noddy young. Seventeen of the chicks were weighed both at the This paper is based upon my doctoral dissertation age of fledging and from 3 to 12 days later; there was submitted to the University of Hawaii. I thank An- no significant recession in weight after fledging (t = drew J. Berger for guidance and criticism. The 1.17, P > 0.2), as suggested for certain terns (e.g., Hawaii State Division of Fish and Game kindly LeCroy and LeCroy 1974, Bird-Banding 45:326). granted me permission to work on Manana. This Dorward and Ashmole (1963, Ibis 103b: 447) mea- study was supported by the Department of Zoology sured growth in weight and culmen length of Brown of the University of Hawaii, by an NSF Graduate Noddies on Ascension Island in the Atlantic; scatter Fellowship, and by a Mount Holyoke College Faculty diagrams of their data indicate growth functions very Grant. -
A Guide to the Birds of Barrow Island
A Guide to the Birds of Barrow Island Operated by Chevron Australia This document has been printed by a Sustainable Green Printer on stock that is certified carbon in joint venture with neutral and is Forestry Stewardship Council (FSC) mix certified, ensuring fibres are sourced from certified and well managed forests. The stock 55% recycled (30% pre consumer, 25% post- Cert no. L2/0011.2010 consumer) and has an ISO 14001 Environmental Certification. ISBN 978-0-9871120-1-9 Gorgon Project Osaka Gas | Tokyo Gas | Chubu Electric Power Chevron’s Policy on Working in Sensitive Areas Protecting the safety and health of people and the environment is a Chevron core value. About the Authors Therefore, we: • Strive to design our facilities and conduct our operations to avoid adverse impacts to human health and to operate in an environmentally sound, reliable and Dr Dorian Moro efficient manner. • Conduct our operations responsibly in all areas, including environments with sensitive Dorian Moro works for Chevron Australia as the Terrestrial Ecologist biological characteristics. in the Australasia Strategic Business Unit. His Bachelor of Science Chevron strives to avoid or reduce significant risks and impacts our projects and (Hons) studies at La Trobe University (Victoria), focused on small operations may pose to sensitive species, habitats and ecosystems. This means that we: mammal communities in coastal areas of Victoria. His PhD (University • Integrate biodiversity into our business decision-making and management through our of Western Australia) -
How Seabirds Plunge-Dive Without Injuries
How seabirds plunge-dive without injuries Brian Changa,1, Matthew Crosona,1, Lorian Strakerb,c,1, Sean Garta, Carla Doveb, John Gerwind, and Sunghwan Junga,2 aDepartment of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061; bNational Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560; cSetor de Ornitologia, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, São Cristóvão, Rio de Janeiro RJ 20940-040, Brazil; and dNorth Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences, Raleigh, NC 27601 Edited by David A. Weitz, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, and approved August 30, 2016 (received for review May 27, 2016) In nature, several seabirds (e.g., gannets and boobies) dive into wa- From a mechanics standpoint, an axial force acting on a slender ter at up to 24 m/s as a hunting mechanism; furthermore, gannets body may lead to mechanical failure on the body, otherwise known and boobies have a slender neck, which is potentially the weakest as buckling. Therefore, under compressive loads, the neck is po- part of the body under compression during high-speed impact. In tentially the weakest part of the northern gannet due to its long this work, we investigate the stability of the bird’s neck during and slender geometry. Still, northern gannets impact the water at plunge-diving by understanding the interaction between the fluid up to 24 m/s without injuries (18) (see SI Appendix, Table S1 for forces acting on the head and the flexibility of the neck. First, we estimated speeds). The only reported injuries from plunge-diving use a salvaged bird to identify plunge-diving phases. -
Tinamiformes – Falconiformes
LIST OF THE 2,008 BIRD SPECIES (WITH SCIENTIFIC AND ENGLISH NAMES) KNOWN FROM THE A.O.U. CHECK-LIST AREA. Notes: "(A)" = accidental/casualin A.O.U. area; "(H)" -- recordedin A.O.U. area only from Hawaii; "(I)" = introducedinto A.O.U. area; "(N)" = has not bred in A.O.U. area but occursregularly as nonbreedingvisitor; "?" precedingname = extinct. TINAMIFORMES TINAMIDAE Tinamus major Great Tinamou. Nothocercusbonapartei Highland Tinamou. Crypturellus soui Little Tinamou. Crypturelluscinnamomeus Thicket Tinamou. Crypturellusboucardi Slaty-breastedTinamou. Crypturellus kerriae Choco Tinamou. GAVIIFORMES GAVIIDAE Gavia stellata Red-throated Loon. Gavia arctica Arctic Loon. Gavia pacifica Pacific Loon. Gavia immer Common Loon. Gavia adamsii Yellow-billed Loon. PODICIPEDIFORMES PODICIPEDIDAE Tachybaptusdominicus Least Grebe. Podilymbuspodiceps Pied-billed Grebe. ?Podilymbusgigas Atitlan Grebe. Podicepsauritus Horned Grebe. Podicepsgrisegena Red-neckedGrebe. Podicepsnigricollis Eared Grebe. Aechmophorusoccidentalis Western Grebe. Aechmophorusclarkii Clark's Grebe. PROCELLARIIFORMES DIOMEDEIDAE Thalassarchechlororhynchos Yellow-nosed Albatross. (A) Thalassarchecauta Shy Albatross.(A) Thalassarchemelanophris Black-browed Albatross. (A) Phoebetriapalpebrata Light-mantled Albatross. (A) Diomedea exulans WanderingAlbatross. (A) Phoebastriaimmutabilis Laysan Albatross. Phoebastrianigripes Black-lootedAlbatross. Phoebastriaalbatrus Short-tailedAlbatross. (N) PROCELLARIIDAE Fulmarus glacialis Northern Fulmar. Pterodroma neglecta KermadecPetrel. (A) Pterodroma -
First Atlantic Records of the Red-Footed Booby Sula Sula and Brown Booby S. Leucogaster in Southern Africa
36 FIRST ATLANTIC RECORDS OF THE RED-FOOTED BOOBY SULA SULA AND BROWN BOOBY S. LEUCOGASTER IN SOUTHERN AFRICA B.M. DYER1 & Y. CHESSELET2 1Marine and Coastal Management, Private Bag X2, Roggebaai 8012, South Africa ([email protected]) 2Ministry of Fisheries and Marine Resources, PO Box 394, Lüderitz, Namibia Received 31 August 2000, accepted 18 April 2002 The Red-footed Booby Sula sula and the Brown Booby S. taken to the Southern African Foundation for the Conservation of leucogaster occur in most tropical seas (Harrison 1983). Both Coastal Birds (SANCCOB) rescue station for treatment, but died species have been recorded previously in the southern African three days later. The corpse was then sent for necropsy to the region (Maclean 1993, Hockey et al. 1992, 1996). Three addi- Regional Veterinary Laboratory, Stellenbosch. Enterobacter coli tional records are reported here for the Red-footed Booby and one and other Enterobacteriae were identified but were considered (the third) for the Brown Booby in southern Africa, all from the unlikely to have caused death. The stomach was empty. The speci- Atlantic coast. men (the first for South Africa) is in the South African Museum (SAM ZO58494). Morphometric details are culmen 79.9 mm, tarsus 237.5 mm, wing 372 mm, and tail 192 mm. RED-FOOTED BOOBY The three records published here are the first for the Atlantic coast A white-morph Red-footed Booby was observed at Ichaboe Island of southern Africa although several records exist for the eastern (26°17'S, 14°56'E) by Y.C., c. 30 km north of Lüderitz, Namibia coast, all from Mozambique (Hockey et al. -
MAGNIFICENT FRIGATEBIRD Fregata Magnificens
PALM BEACH DOLPHIN PROJECT FACT SHEET The Taras Oceanographic Foundation 5905 Stonewood Court - Jupiter, FL 33458 - (561-762-6473) [email protected] MAGNIFICENT FRIGATEBIRD Fregata magnificens CLASS: Aves ORDER: Suliformes FAMILY: Fregatidae GENUS: Fregata SPECIES: magnificens A long-winged, fork-tailed bird of tropical oceans, the Magnificent Frigatebird is an agile flier that snatches food off the surface of the ocean and steals food from other birds. It breeds mostly south of the United States, but wanders northward along the coasts during nonbreeding season. Physical Appearance: Frigate birds are the only seabirds where the male and female look strikingly different. All have pre- dominantly black plumage, long, deeply forked tails and long hooked bills. Females have white underbellies and males have a distinctive red throat pouch, which they inflate during the breeding season to attract females Their wings are long and pointed and can span up to 2.3 meters (7.5 ft), the largest wing area to body weight ratio of any bird. These birds are about 35-45 inches ((89 to 114 cm) in length, and weight between 35 and 67 oz (1000-1900 g). The bones of frigate birds are markedly pneumatic (filled with air), making them very light and contribute only 5% to total body weight. The pectoral girdle (shoulder joint) is strong as its bones are fused. Habitat: Frigate birds are found across all tropical oceans. Breeding habitats include mangrove cays on coral reefs, and decidu- ous trees and bushes on dry islands. Feeding range while breeding includes shallow water within lagoons, coral reefs, and deep ocean out of sight of land. -
Flight Patterns and Energy Budget of the Cape Gannet
Energy Budget and foraging behaviour of the Cape gannet Morus capensis during the breeding season René Alfredo Navarro-Cañas BSc. Biology - MSc. Zoology Universidad Austral de Chile Thesis presented for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Zoology University of Cape Town 2010 Supervised by: Professor L.G. Underhill Co-supervised by: Dr. R.J.M. Crawford 2 Declaration I hereby declare that all of the work presented in this thesis, titled “Energy Budget and foraging behaviour of the Cape gannet, Morus capensis, during the breeding season”, is my own, except where otherwise stated in the text. This thesis has not been submitted in whole or in part for a degree at any other university. Signed in Cape Town in July 2010, René Alfredo Navarro-Cañas Date of graduation: December 16th, 2010 3 4 To Henk Visser Whose vision and enthusiasm lead to this project, it’s funding and its beginnings. I am grateful for the trust and opportunity he gave me to conduct this piece of research “Supiste que vencer o ser vencido son caras de un azar indiferente, que no hay otra virtud que ser valiente.” Did you know that to win or to be defeated are faces of an indifferent fate that there is no other virtue that being brave Jorge Luis Borges 5 6 Contents Chapter 1 General introduction 19 Chapter 2 The growth of Cape gannet chicks: intra- and inter- 31 seasonal comparisons of growth performance in relation to adults foraging effort and prey availability Chapter 3 Energy expenditure of free-ranging chicks of the 57 Cape gannet Chapter 4 Water everywhere but not a drop to drink: water flux 89 and water economy of free-ranging Cape gannets Chapter 5 A new look at track sinuosity: using distance-ratio 105 scale for the analysis of animal movement Chapter 6 Unpredictable resources and foraging strategies in 129 Cape gannets Chapter 7 Energy expenditure Cape gannets in relation to 157 foraging behaviour Chapter 8 Synthesis. -
Doctorat De L'université De Toulouse
En vue de l’obt ention du DOCTORAT DE L’UNIVERSITÉ DE TOULOUSE Délivré par : Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier (UT3 Paul Sabatier) Discipline ou spécialité : Ecologie, Biodiversité et Evolution Présentée et soutenue par : Joeri STRIJK le : 12 / 02 / 2010 Titre : Species diversification and differentiation in the Madagascar and Indian Ocean Islands Biodiversity Hotspot JURY Jérôme CHAVE, Directeur de Recherches CNRS Toulouse Emmanuel DOUZERY, Professeur à l'Université de Montpellier II Porter LOWRY II, Curator Missouri Botanical Garden Frédéric MEDAIL, Professeur à l'Université Paul Cezanne Aix-Marseille Christophe THEBAUD, Professeur à l'Université Paul Sabatier Ecole doctorale : Sciences Ecologiques, Vétérinaires, Agronomiques et Bioingénieries (SEVAB) Unité de recherche : UMR 5174 CNRS-UPS Evolution & Diversité Biologique Directeur(s) de Thèse : Christophe THEBAUD Rapporteurs : Emmanuel DOUZERY, Professeur à l'Université de Montpellier II Porter LOWRY II, Curator Missouri Botanical Garden Contents. CONTENTS CHAPTER 1. General Introduction 2 PART I: ASTERACEAE CHAPTER 2. Multiple evolutionary radiations and phenotypic convergence in polyphyletic Indian Ocean Daisy Trees (Psiadia, Asteraceae) (in preparation for BMC Evolutionary Biology) 14 CHAPTER 3. Taxonomic rearrangements within Indian Ocean Daisy Trees (Psiadia, Asteraceae) and the resurrection of Frappieria (in preparation for Taxon) 34 PART II: MYRSINACEAE CHAPTER 4. Phylogenetics of the Mascarene endemic genus Badula relative to its Madagascan ally Oncostemum (Myrsinaceae) (accepted in Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society) 43 CHAPTER 5. Timing and tempo of evolutionary diversification in Myrsinaceae: Badula and Oncostemum in the Indian Ocean Island Biodiversity Hotspot (in preparation for BMC Evolutionary Biology) 54 PART III: MONIMIACEAE CHAPTER 6. Biogeography of the Monimiaceae (Laurales): a role for East Gondwana and long distance dispersal, but not West Gondwana (accepted in Journal of Biogeography) 72 CHAPTER 7 General Discussion 86 REFERENCES 91 i Contents. -
Class Three: Breeding
Class Three: Breeding WHERE DO SEABIRDS LAY THEIR EGGS? Nest or no nest? • Some species use no nesting material. E.g., the white tern lays a single egg on an open branch. • Some species use a very little bit of nesting material. E.g., the tufted puffin may use a few pieces of grass and a couple of feathers. • Some species build more substantial nests. E.g. kittiwakes cement their nests onto small cliff shelves by trampling mud and guano to form a base. And, some cormorants build large nests in trees from sticks and twigs. [email protected] www.seabirdyouth.org 1 White tern • Also called fairy tern. • Tropical seabird species. • Lays egg on branch or fork in tree. No nest. • Newly hatched chicks have well developed feet to hang onto the nesting-site. White Tern. © Pillot, via Creative Commons. On the coast or inland? • Most seabird species breed on the coast and offshore islands. • Some species breed fairly far inland, but still commute to the ocean to feed. E.g., kittlitz’s murrelets nest on scree slopes on coastal mountains, and parents may travel more than 70km to their feeding grounds. • Other species breed far inland and never travel to the ocean. E.g., double crested cormorants breed on the coast, but also on lakes in many states such as Minnesota. [email protected] www.seabirdyouth.org 2 NESTING HABITAT (1) Ground Some species breed on the ground. These species tend to breed in areas with little or no predation, such as offshore islands (e.g., terns and gulls) or in the Antarctic (e.g., penguins, albatross). -
Vol. 25 No. 1 March, 2000 H a M a D R Y a D V O L 25
NO.1 25 M M A A H D A H O V D A Y C R R L 0 0 0 2 VOL. 25NO.1 MARCH, 2000 2% 3% 2% 3% 2% 3% 2% 3% 2% 3% 2% 3% 2% 3% 2% 3% 2% 3% 4% 5% 4% 5% 4% 5% 4% 5% 4% 5% 4% 5% 4% 5% 4% 5% 4% 5% HAMADRYAD Vol. 25. No. 1. March 2000 Date of issue: 31 March 2000 ISSN 0972-205X Contents A. E. GREER & D. G. BROADLEY. Six characters of systematic importance in the scincid lizard genus Mabuya .............................. 1–12 U. MANTHEY & W. DENZER. Description of a new genus, Hypsicalotes gen. nov. (Sauria: Agamidae) from Mt. Kinabalu, North Borneo, with remarks on the generic identity of Gonocephalus schultzewestrumi Urban, 1999 ................13–20 K. VASUDEVAN & S. K. DUTTA. A new species of Rhacophorus (Anura: Rhacophoridae) from the Western Ghats, India .................21–28 O. S. G. PAUWELS, V. WALLACH, O.-A. LAOHAWAT, C. CHIMSUNCHART, P. DAVID & M. J. COX. Ethnozoology of the “ngoo-how-pak-pet” (Serpentes: Typhlopidae) in southern peninsular Thailand ................29–37 S. K. DUTTA & P. RAY. Microhyla sholigari, a new species of microhylid frog (Anura: Microhylidae) from Karnataka, India ....................38–44 Notes R. VYAS. Notes on distribution and breeding ecology of Geckoella collegalensis (Beddome, 1870) ..................................... 45–46 A. M. BAUER. On the identity of Lacerta tjitja Ljungh 1804, a gecko from Java .....46–49 M. F. AHMED & S. K. DUTTA. First record of Polypedates taeniatus (Boulenger, 1906) from Assam, north-eastern India ...................49–50 N. M. ISHWAR. Melanobatrachus indicus Beddome, 1878, resighted at the Anaimalai Hills, southern India ............................. -
A New Member of the Ideopsis Gaura Superspecies (Lepidoptera: Danainae) from the Foja Mountains, Papua, Indonesia
Suara Serangga Papua, 2009, 3 (4) April - Juni 2009 A new member OF the Ideopsis gaura superspecies (Lepidoptera: Danainae) from the Foja Mountains, Papua, Indonesia 1 3 D. PEGGIE , R.I. Vane-Wrighe & H. v. Mastrigt 'Entomology Laboratory, Zoological Division (Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense). Research Center for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI). JI. RayaJakarta Bogor Km. 46, Cibinong 16911, INDONESIA Email: [email protected];[email protected] 2Department of Entomology, the Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 SBD, U.K.;and Durrellinstitute of Conservation and Ecology (DICE). University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NR, U.K. Email: [email protected] 3Kelompok Entomologi Papua, Kotakpos 1078, Jayapura 99010, Papua, INDONESIA Email: [email protected] Suara Serangga Papua 3(4): 1 - 19 Abstract: A new member of the Jdeopsis gaura superspecies, Jdeopsis (ldeopsis) fojana sp. nov., from the Foja Mountains, Papua, Indonesia, is described. This new species is the most easterly representative of the superspecies yet discovered. Reasons for according this taxon status as a semispecies (rather than subspecies) within th is taxonomically challenging group are discussed. Ikhtisar: Satu anggota baru dari superspesies Jdeopsis gaura, ideopsis (ldeopsis) fojana sp. nov., dari Pegunungan Foja, Papua, Indonesia, dipertelakan. Spesies baru ini merupakan perwakilan yang dijumpai paling timur di antara anggota superspesies yang telah dikenal sebelumnya. Alasan pemberian status semispesies dan bukan subspecies kepada takson ini diuraikan dalam makalah ini. Keywords: Nymphalidae, milkweed butterflies, taxonomy, distribution, Jdeopsis fojana new species, Jdeopsis vitrea, subspecies. 2 Suara Serangga Papua, 2009, 3 (4) April - Juni 2009 Depositories BMNH - The Natural History Museum, London, U.K. -
Causes and Consequences of Sex Ratio Bias in Nazca
CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES OF SEX RATIO BIAS IN NAZCA BOOBIES (Sula granti) BY TERRI J. MANESS A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY GRADUATE SCHOOL OF ARTS AND SCIENCES in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in the Department of Biology December 2008 Winston-Salem, North Carolina Approved By: David J. Anderson, Ph.D., Advisor ____________________________________ Examining Committee: Mark R. Leary, Ph.D., Chairman ____________________________________ Robert A. Browne, Ph.D ____________________________________ William E. Conner, Ph.D. ____________________________________ Clifford W. Zeyl, Ph.D. ____________________________________ ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I thank the Galápagos National Park Service for permission to work in the Park and the Charles Darwin Research Station and TAME airlines for logistical support. For funding support, I am grateful to the Mead Foundation, the National Geographic Society, the National Science Foundation, the Oak Foundation, Sigma Xi, and Wake Forest University. I appreciate the work of my many colleagues for their work in producing the long-term Nazca booby databases, particularly Jill Awkerman, Tiffany Beachy, Julius Brennecke, Sebastian Cruz, Diego García, Kate Huyvaert, Elaine Porter, Devin Taylor, and Mark Westbrock. I also thank Julie Campbell and Amber Jones, who assisted with data entry and metabolite analyses, Matthew Furst, who also assisted with metabolite analyses, and Andrew D’Epagnier, who assisted with DNA extractions. I am particularly indebted to Audrey Calkins for her unmatched accuracy and speed of data entry, and for her endurance, skill, innovation, and unbounded zeal for PCR. Victor Apanius magnanimously shared his molecular analysis skills and vast statistical knowledge with me.