DOCSLIB.ORG

Geologian Tutkimuskeskus, Tutkimusraportti – Geological Survey of Finland, Report of Investigation 144

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Geologian Tutkimuskeskus, Tutkimusraportti – Geological Survey of Finland, Report of Investigation 144 GEOLOGIAN TUTKIMUSKESKUS GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF FINLAND Tutkimusraportti 144 Report of Investigation 144 Anatoli Chepick, Vladimir Baranov, Maija Kurimo and Jukka Multala JOINT CALIBRATION OF AIRBORNE GEOPHYSICAL INSTRUMENTS IN TEST AREAS IN FINLAND AND RUSSIA North West Regional Geologic Center Petersburg Geophysical Expedition State Enterprise Geologian tutkimuskeskus Espoo 1998 Chepick, A., Baranov, V. , Kurimo, M. & Multala, J. 1998. Joint calibration of airborne geophysical instruments in test areas in Finland and Russia. Geologian tutkimuskeskus, Tutkimusraportti – Geological Survey of Finland, Report of Investigation 144. 19 pages, 6 figures, 17 tables and one appendix. The North West Regional Geological Center, Petersburg Geophysical Expedition, State Enterprise (PGE)* and the Geological Survey of Finland (GSF) together made calibration measurements with their airborne geophysi- cal systems on test areas in Russia and Finland. The study covers comparison of the calibration of airborne gamma-ray spectrometers and compensation of magnetometers. PGE uses both an MI-8 helicopter and a fixed wing Antonov-2 aircraft for airborne surveys. The RSDN-3 navigation system, based on stationary radio beacons, is also used for flight path recovery. From 1993 onwards a TNL-1000 GPS receiver has been utilized. In airborne geophysical surveys GSF has always used fixed wing aircrafts. Since 1980 the geophysical instruments have been installed in a Canadian Twin Otter turbo prop aircraft. During the survey flights the navigation was based on photo mosaic maps together with a in-house built navigation system based on the doppler counter. From 1992 onwards both the navigation and flight line recovery are based on Aschtec GPS receivers. The gamma-ray measurement system used by PGE is part of the multi- functional airborne geophysical 1990STK unit and consists of 12 NaI crystals, a total volume of 37.7 l, a 128 channel spectrometer and digital and analog recorders. The real-time energy stabilization of the crystals is based on Co-60 source. The integration time of the spectrometer can be 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 20 or 40 seconds. GSF used a McPhar spectrometer operating in 256 channel mode and the energy range 0.2 Me–3.0 MeV was registered once per second with 120 channels. The total volume of the six NaI crystals is 25 l. Although the calibration equations recommended by the IAEA and the equations actually used in Russia differs from each other the corrected results obtained with these two systems on test areas in Russia and in Finland are in good agreement. The pitch, roll and jaw movements of the aircraft cause during flight some additional effects on the airborne magnetic data. Different kinds of compen- sation systems have been developed in order to eliminate these distur- bances. The compensation system which is used by PGE in their STK- magnetometer is based on electromagnetic coils. The proton magnetometers used in the Finnish installation until 1992 were compensated for mainly with asspect to the flight direction during the data processing. From 1993 onwards GSF has been using Cs-magnetometers with real-time software compensation. The usefulness of the compensation can be seen from the data obtained from the test areas in Russia and Finland. * PGE is incorporated (Autumn 1998) into the North-West Region Geological Centre, 24/1 Odoevsky Street, St. Petersburg 199155, Russia, Phone:+7 812 352 3014, fax:+7 812 352 2417 Key words (GeoRef Thesaurus, AGI): Geophysical surveys, airborne methods, gamma-ray spectra, calibration, magnetometers, instruments, testing, Finland, Russian Federation Maija Kurimo Geological Survey of Finland, P.O.Box 96, FIN-02151 ESPOO, FINLAND E-mail: [email protected] Jukka Multala Geological Survey of Finland, P.O.Box 96, FIN-02151 ESPOO, FINLAND E-mail: [email protected] ISBN 951-690-723-7 ISSN 0781-4240 Chepick, A., Baranov, V., Kurimo, M. & Multala, J. 1998. Joint calibra- tion of airborne geophysical instruments in test areas in Finland and Russia. Geologian tutkimuskeskus, Tutkimusraportti – Geological Survey of Fin- land, Report of Investigation 144. 19 sivua, 6 kuvaa, 17 taulukkoa ja liite. North West Regional Geological Center, Petersburg Geophysical Expedition, State Enterprise (PGE)* ja Geologian tutkimuskeskus (GTK) suorittivat vuosina 1990–1991 aerogeofysikaalisia kalibrointimittauksia venäläisillä ja suomalaisilla mittalaitteilla sekä Suomessa että Venäjällä, Laatokan pohjoispuolella sijaitsevilla testialueilla. Tutkimus keskittyi sekä gammasäteilyn mittauslaitteistojen kalibrointien että magnetometrien kom- pensointien vertailuun. PGE käyttää lentomittauksiinsa sekä MI-8 helikopteria että Antonov-2 lentokonetta. Navigoinnin apuvälineenä on ollut RSDN-3, kiinteisiin radiolähettimiin perustuva systeemi. Vuodesta 1993 alkaen on paikannuk- sessa käytetty TNL-1000 GPS vastaanotinta. GTK on käyttänyt lentomit- tauksissaan aina kiinteäsiipistä lentokonetta. Vuodesta 1980 lähtien mittaus- laitteet ovat olleet asennettuina kanadalaiseen Twin Otter potkuriturbiini- koneeseen. Navigointi on perustunut ilmakuvakarttoihin sekä itse kehitettyyn navigointiyksikköön, jonka perustana on doppler-laskin. Vuodesta 1992 alkaen navigointi ja lennon jälkeinen paikantaminen on tapahtunut GPS- vastaanottimien avulla. PGE:n käyttämä gammasäteilyn mittaussysteemi 1990STK koostuu 12 NaI kiteestä, yhteistilavuudeltaan 37,7 litraa, 128 kanavaisesta spektromet- ristä, digitaalisesta rekisteröintiyksiköstä sekä analogipiirturista, joka on kalibroitu näyttämään suoraan kaliumin, uraanin ja toriumin pitoisuuksia. Kiteiden reaaliaikainen energiastabilointi tapahtuu Co-60 avulla. Spektro- metrin summausaikana voidaan käyttää 0,25, 0,5, 1,0, 2,0, 20 tai 40 sekun- tia. Aerogammaspektrometrin kalibrointiyhtälöiden käyttöä havainnollis- tetaan esimerkkien avulla. Vertaamalla Venäjällä ja Suomessa tehtyjä mittauksia huomataan, että tulosten erot ovat pieniä. GTK käyttää 256 kanavaista McPhar spektrometriä, jonka 120 kanavaa (0,2 MeV–3,0 MeV) rekisteröidään kerran sekunnissa. Mittalaitteen antureina ovat 6 NaI kidettä, yhteistilavuudeltaan 25 litraa. International Atomic Energy Agencyn (IAEA) suositusten mukaiset korjausyhtälöt ja niiden sisältämien kalibrointivakioiden ratkaisemiseksi tarvittavat mitta- ukset esitellään. Suomessa ja Venäjällä suoritetut mittaukset osoittavat, että kalibroiduilla mittalaitteilla saadaan luotettavia tuloksia. Lentokoneen liikkeet aiheuttavat häiriöitä koneeseen kiinnitettyyn mag- netometriin. Näiden häiriöiden eliminoimiseksi on kehitetty erilaisia kom- pensointimenetelmiä. PGE:n käyttämän STK-magnetometrin kompensointi tapahtuu sähkömagneettisten kelojen avulla. GTK:n vuoteen 1992 asti käyttämät protonimagnetometrien mittausarvot kompensoitiin lähinnä mit- tauslinjojen lentosuunnan perusteella. Vuonna 1993 käyttöönotettujen Cs- magnetometrien mittausarvot kompensoidaan lennon aikana reaaliajassa matemaattisesti. Kompensoinnin tarpeellisuutta havainnollistetaan PGE:n ja GTK:n Venäjällä ja Suomessa suoritettujen mittaustulosten avulla. * PGE liitettiin (syksyllä 1998) North-West Region Geological Centre, 24/1 Odoevsky Street, St. Petersburg 199155, Russia, Phone:+7 812 352 3014, fax:+7 812 352 2417 Avainsanat (Fingeo-sanasto, GTK): Geofysikaaliset tutkimukset, lento- mittaukset, gammasädespektri, kalibrointi, magnetometrit, laitteet, kokeet, Suomi, Venäjä Maija Kurimo, Geologian tutkimuskeskus, PL 96, 02151 ESPOO Sähköposti: [email protected] Jukka Multala, Geologian tutkimuskeskus, PL 96, 02151 ESPOO Sähköposti: [email protected] CONTENTS Introduction .................................................................................................................................................... 5 Aircraft and navigation systems ..................................................................................................................... 5 Russian systems .......................................................................................................................................... 5 Finnish systems .......................................................................................................................................... 5 Calibration of airborne gamma-ray instruments ............................................................................................. 6 Calibration procedure ................................................................................................................................. 6 Russian instrumentation ............................................................................................................................. 6 Finnish instrumentation .............................................................................................................................. 8 Calibration facilities ................................................................................................................................... 8 Measurements in Russia ............................................................................................................................. 9 Measurements in Finland ......................................................................................................................... 10 Calibration coefficients for Russian installation ...................................................................................... 11 Calibration coefficients for Finnish installation ....................................................................................... 12 Conclusions .............................................................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Appendix 25 Box 31/3 Airline Codes
    March 2021 APPENDIX 25 BOX 31/3 AIRLINE CODES The information in this document is provided as a guide only and is not professional advice, including legal advice. It should not be assumed that the guidance is comprehensive or that it provides a definitive answer in every case. Appendix 25 - SAD Box 31/3 Airline Codes March 2021 Airline code Code description 000 ANTONOV DESIGN BUREAU 001 AMERICAN AIRLINES 005 CONTINENTAL AIRLINES 006 DELTA AIR LINES 012 NORTHWEST AIRLINES 014 AIR CANADA 015 TRANS WORLD AIRLINES 016 UNITED AIRLINES 018 CANADIAN AIRLINES INT 020 LUFTHANSA 023 FEDERAL EXPRESS CORP. (CARGO) 027 ALASKA AIRLINES 029 LINEAS AER DEL CARIBE (CARGO) 034 MILLON AIR (CARGO) 037 USAIR 042 VARIG BRAZILIAN AIRLINES 043 DRAGONAIR 044 AEROLINEAS ARGENTINAS 045 LAN-CHILE 046 LAV LINEA AERO VENEZOLANA 047 TAP AIR PORTUGAL 048 CYPRUS AIRWAYS 049 CRUZEIRO DO SUL 050 OLYMPIC AIRWAYS 051 LLOYD AEREO BOLIVIANO 053 AER LINGUS 055 ALITALIA 056 CYPRUS TURKISH AIRLINES 057 AIR FRANCE 058 INDIAN AIRLINES 060 FLIGHT WEST AIRLINES 061 AIR SEYCHELLES 062 DAN-AIR SERVICES 063 AIR CALEDONIE INTERNATIONAL 064 CSA CZECHOSLOVAK AIRLINES 065 SAUDI ARABIAN 066 NORONTAIR 067 AIR MOOREA 068 LAM-LINHAS AEREAS MOCAMBIQUE Page 2 of 19 Appendix 25 - SAD Box 31/3 Airline Codes March 2021 Airline code Code description 069 LAPA 070 SYRIAN ARAB AIRLINES 071 ETHIOPIAN AIRLINES 072 GULF AIR 073 IRAQI AIRWAYS 074 KLM ROYAL DUTCH AIRLINES 075 IBERIA 076 MIDDLE EAST AIRLINES 077 EGYPTAIR 078 AERO CALIFORNIA 079 PHILIPPINE AIRLINES 080 LOT POLISH AIRLINES 081 QANTAS AIRWAYS
    [Show full text]
  • Fields Listed in Part I. Group (8)
    Chile Group (1) All fields listed in part I. Group (2) 28. Recognized Medical Specializations (including, but not limited to: Anesthesiology, AUdiology, Cardiography, Cardiology, Dermatology, Embryology, Epidemiology, Forensic Medicine, Gastroenterology, Hematology, Immunology, Internal Medicine, Neurological Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oncology, Ophthalmology, Orthopedic Surgery, Otolaryngology, Pathology, Pediatrics, Pharmacology and Pharmaceutics, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiology, Plastic Surgery, Preventive Medicine, Proctology, Psychiatry and Neurology, Radiology, Speech Pathology, Sports Medicine, Surgery, Thoracic Surgery, Toxicology, Urology and Virology) 2C. Veterinary Medicine 2D. Emergency Medicine 2E. Nuclear Medicine 2F. Geriatrics 2G. Nursing (including, but not limited to registered nurses, practical nurses, physician's receptionists and medical records clerks) 21. Dentistry 2M. Medical Cybernetics 2N. All Therapies, Prosthetics and Healing (except Medicine, Osteopathy or Osteopathic Medicine, Nursing, Dentistry, Chiropractic and Optometry) 20. Medical Statistics and Documentation 2P. Cancer Research 20. Medical Photography 2R. Environmental Health Group (3) All fields listed in part I. Group (4) All fields listed in part I. Group (5) All fields listed in part I. Group (6) 6A. Sociology (except Economics and including Criminology) 68. Psychology (including, but not limited to Child Psychology, Psychometrics and Psychobiology) 6C. History (including Art History) 60. Philosophy (including Humanities)
    [Show full text]
  • Airlines Prefix Codes 1
    AMERICAN AIRLINES,INC (AMERICAN EAGLE) UNITED STATES 001 0028 AA AAL CONTINENTAL AIRLINES (CONTINENTAL EXPRESS) UNITED STATES 005 0115 CO COA DELTA AIRLINES (DELTA CONNECTION) UNITED STATES 006 0128 DL DAL NORTHWEST AIRLINES, INC. (NORTHWEST AIRLINK) UNITED STATES 012 0266 NW NWA AIR CANADA CANADA 014 5100 AC ACA TRANS WORLD AIRLINES INC. (TRANS WORLD EXPRESS) UNITED STATES 015 0400 TW TWA UNITED AIR LINES,INC (UNITED EXPRESS) UNITED STATES 016 0428 UA UAL CANADIAN AIRLINES INTERNATIONAL LTD. CANADA 018 2405 CP CDN LUFTHANSA CARGO AG GERMANY 020 7063 LH GEC FEDERAL EXPRESS (FEDEX) UNITED STATES 023 0151 FX FDX ALASKA AIRLINES, INC. UNITED STATES 027 0058 AS ASA MILLON AIR UNITED STATES 034 0555 OX OXO US AIRWAYS INC. UNITED STATES 037 5532 US USA VARIG S.A. BRAZIL 042 4758 RG VRG HONG KONG DRAGON AIRLINES LIMITED HONG KONG 043 7073 KA HDA AEROLINEAS ARGENTINAS ARGENTINA 044 1058 AR ARG LAN-LINEA AEREA NACIONAL-CHILE S.A. CHILE 045 3708 LA LAN TAP AIR PORTUGAL PORTUGAL 047 5324 TP TAP CYPRUS AIRWAYS, LTD. CYPRUS 048 5381 CY CYP OLYMPIC AIRWAYS GREECE 050 4274 OA OAL LLOYD AEREO BOLIVIANO S.A. BOLIVIA 051 4054 LB LLB AER LINGUS LIMITED P.L.C. IRELAND 053 1254 EI EIN ALITALIA LINEE AEREE ITALIANE ITALY 055 1854 AZ AZA CYPRUS TURKISH AIRLINES LTD. CO. CYPRUS 056 5999 YVK AIR FRANCE FRANCE 057 2607 AF AFR INDIAN AIRLINES INDIA 058 7009 IC IAC AIR SEYCHELLES UNITED KINGDOM 061 7059 HM SEY AIR CALEDONIE INTERNATIONAL NEW CALEDONIA 063 4465 SB ACI CZECHOSLOVAK AIRLINES CZECHOSLAVAKIA 064 2432 OK CSA SAUDI ARABIAN AIRLINES SAUDI ARABIA 065 4650 SV SVA AIR MOOREA FRENCH POLYNESIA 067 4832 QE TAH LAM-LINHAS AEREAS DE MOCAMBIQUE MOZAMBIQUE 068 7119 TM LAM SYRIAN ARAB AIRLINES SYRIA 070 7127 RB SYR ETHIOPIAN AIRLINES ENTERPRISE ETHIOPIA 071 3224 ET ETH GULF AIR COMPANY G.S.C.
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Report 1999/2000 Personnel
    Contents Information to shareholders . 2 Finnair in brief . 4 Most experienced in Northern Skies, front rank European . 8 Review by the Chief Executive Officer . 12 Operating environment . 14 oneworld . 18 Development projects . 20 E-commerce and data management . 24 Business areas . 26 Scheduled Flight Operations . 28 Finnair Cargo . 32 Leisure Flights and Tour Operations . 34 Travel agencies and distribution channels . 38 Aircraft and maintenance . 42 Ground Services . 46 Catering and retail . 48 Financial statements . 51 Board of Directors´ report . 52 Shares and shareholders . 76 Key figures 1995-2000 . 80 Finnair air transport . 82 Corporate Governance . 84 Annual Report 1999/2000 Personnel . 88 Environment . 90 Addresses . 94 Contents Information to shareholders . 2 Finnair in brief . 4 Most experienced in Northern Skies, front rank European . 8 Review by the Chief Executive Officer . 12 Operating environment . 14 oneworld . 18 Development projects . 20 E-commerce and data management . 24 Business areas . 26 Scheduled Flight Operations . 28 Finnair Cargo . 32 Leisure Flights and Tour Operations . 34 Travel agencies and distribution channels . 38 Aircraft and maintenance . 42 Ground Services . 46 Catering and retail . 48 Financial statements . 51 Board of Directors´ report . 52 Shares and shareholders . 76 Key figures 1995-2000 . 80 Finnair air transport . 82 Corporate Governance . 84 Annual Report 1999/2000 Personnel . 88 Environment . 90 Addresses . 94 INFORMATION TO SHAREHOLDERS Information to shareholders Annual General Meeting Interim reports The Annual General Meeting of Finnair Oyj will convene Finnair Board of Directors has made a proposal to on August 24, 2000 at 3.00 p.m. in the Scandic Hotel change the financial year to calendar year accounting.
    [Show full text]
  • The Transport Sector
    NOVEMBER 2007 • INFRASTRUCTURE DIVISION Summary of projects fi nanced from the late 1960-ies to the end of 2006 The Transport Sector Summary of Projects within The Transport Sector which have received financing from Sida and the predecessor SIDA/BITS from the late 1960-ies to the end of 2006 Published by Sida 2007 Department for Infrastructure and Economic Cooperation Printed by Edita Communication, 2007 Art. no.: SIDA39390en This publication can be downloaded/ordered from www.sida.se/publications Preface The presented summary is a compilation of the projects in the Transport Sector that Sweden has fi nanced from the late 60-ties to the end of 2006 through Sida and its predecessors SIDA and BITS (before 1st July 1995). Activities that commenced before 1st July 1995 and were transferred to Sida are only listed under the former SIDA/BITS although they contin- ued to be fi nanced by Sida. The summary is limited to those activities, which have been classifi ed as transport projects and transport programs. In addition, Sida and the former SIDA have fi nanced transport equipment, materials etc. through import support fi nancing to countries receiving Swedish fi nancial assist- ance. That support is not included. The same applies to projects only involving fi nancing of repair shops and/or spare parts as well as any transport component of projects classifi ed as agricultural projects. The activities listed under Technical Co-operation were fi nanced by BITS up to 1st July 1995 and subsequently by Sida. Stockholm October 2007, Anders Hagwall Head
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Report
    1994 / 1995 ANNUAL REPORT 1 ANNUAL REPORT CONTENTS INFORMATION 1994/1995 TO SHAREHOLDERS Highlights 3 Annual 71st financial year Information on Finnair Oy General Meeting shares and shareholders 4 Shares and share capital 4 The Annual General Meeting Share quotations 4 of Finnair Oy will convene on Government ownership 4 August 24, 1995 at 3.00 p.m. Convertible bonds 4 in the HotelInter-Continental Share ownership by management 4 Helsinki, Mannerheimintie 46-48, Share prices and trading 4 Helsinki. Administrative bodies 6 Review by Shareholders desiring to the Chief Executive Officer 7 attend must be registered Review with the Central Share Register of Finnair Group sectors 8 by August 14, 1995. Sectors and targets 8 Flight operations 8 Dividend proposal Group airlines 8 Air traffic capacity and sales 8 The Board of Directors Financial results from flight operations 10 of Finnair Oy proposes to Fleet 10 the Annual General Meeting General deregulation of air traffic 11 that shareholders be paid Co-operation and a dividend for the 1994/95 competition between airlines 12 financial year of FIM 0.50 per Flight operations share. The Board proposes and environmental protection 13 Travel agencies 14 that the dividend be paid on Tour operations 15 September 5, 1995 to those Hotel operations 16 shareholders who were Other sectors 17 registered on the record, FINANCIAL STATEMENTS August 30, 1995. April 1,1994 to March 31,1995 Report on operations Interim Report by the Board of Directors 18 Finnair Oy will publish one Operating environment 18 interim report for the period Revenue from business operations April 1-September 30, 1995, and financial performance 19 Capital expenditure and financing 19 and it will be released on Share capital and shares 20 November 29, 1995.
    [Show full text]
  • Finnair Annyal Report 1999
    Contents Information to shareholders . 2 Finnair in brief . 4 Most experienced in Northern Skies, front rank European . 8 Review by the Chief Executive Officer . 12 Operating environment . 14 oneworld . 18 Development projects . 20 E-commerce and data management . 24 Business areas . 26 Scheduled Flight Operations . 28 Finnair Cargo . 32 Leisure Flights and Tour Operations . 34 Travel agencies and distribution channels . 38 Aircraft and maintenance . 42 Ground Services . 46 Catering and retail . 48 Financial statements . 51 Board of Directors´ report . 52 Shares and shareholders . 76 Key figures 1995-2000 . 80 Finnair air transport . 82 Corporate Governance . 84 Annual Report 1999/2000 Personnel . 88 Environment . 90 Addresses . 94 Contents Information to shareholders . 2 Finnair in brief . 4 Most experienced in Northern Skies, front rank European . 8 Review by the Chief Executive Officer . 12 Operating environment . 14 oneworld . 18 Development projects . 20 E-commerce and data management . 24 Business areas . 26 Scheduled Flight Operations . 28 Finnair Cargo . 32 Leisure Flights and Tour Operations . 34 Travel agencies and distribution channels . 38 Aircraft and maintenance . 42 Ground Services . 46 Catering and retail . 48 Financial statements . 51 Board of Directors´ report . 52 Shares and shareholders . 76 Key figures 1995-2000 . 80 Finnair air transport . 82 Corporate Governance . 84 Annual Report 1999/2000 Personnel . 88 Environment . 90 Addresses . 94 INFORMATION TO SHAREHOLDERS Information to shareholders Annual General Meeting Interim reports The Annual General Meeting of Finnair Oyj will convene Finnair Board of Directors has made a proposal to on August 24, 2000 at 3.00 p.m. in the Scandic Hotel change the financial year to calendar year accounting.
    [Show full text]
  • Liikennelentäjä Liikennelentäjä 4/2009
    Nro 4 LIIKENNE- 2009 LENTÄJÄ Lentäjät barrikadeilla: Työ– ja lepoajat kuntoon! Väsynyt, uupunut, ____? Media ja sananvapaus TÄSSÄ NUMEROSSA LIIKENNELENTÄJÄ LIIKENNELENTÄJÄ 4/2009 European Action Day 5 ECA yritt i tempauksellaan saada päätt äjien huomio, työ– ja lepoaikasäännökset on saata- Julkaisija: va kuntoon! Kari Voutilainen kertoo mistä on Suomen Lentäjäliitt o ry. – Finnish Pilots´ Association (FPA) kyse. Tietotie 13, 01530 Vantaa p. 09-753 7220, 7 Väsyttää, väsyttää, mutta miksi? fax 09-753 7177 HUPER-edustajamme Antt i Tuori ja Juha Vastaava päätoimitt aja: Kivij ärvi valott avat väsymisen ja uupumisen FPA:n puheenjohtaja taustoja. Matt i Allonen p. 040-827 2835 matt i.allonen@fpapilots.fi Puheenjohtaja pohtii Päätoimitt aja: 10 Tom Nyström FPA:n puheenjohtaja ihmett elee kirjoitukses- tom.nystrom@fpapilots.fi saan mediaa. Missä on julkaistavan materiaa- lin kriitt inen tarkastus ja missä on sananva- Toimitt ajat: Miikka Hult, Valtt eri Murto, paus? Tomi Tervo, Heikki Tolvanen Helsinki International Air Show Ulkoasu: Matias Jaskari 22 Valokuvaajamme Miikka Hult kävi Malmilla monen muun kanssa, ja vaikutt ui. Miikka is- Toimituksen sähköpostiosoite: tui myös DC-6:n kyydissä. toimitus@fpapilots.fi Toimitusneuvosto: Suomen Lentäjäliitt o ry:n hallitus Sisäsivuilla myös: Oikoluku ja kieliasu: 3 Puheenjohtajan katsaus Proverbial Oy, Helsinki 4 Päätoimittajalta p. 010 400 6081 12 Raportti fl unssaisena Ilmoitustilan markkinointi tapahtuu lentämisestä ja muuta pientä FPA ry:n alayhdistysten toimesta. 14 Väsymystä Atlantin tuolla puolen Ilmoitusmyynnin koordinaatt ori: 17 Single European Sky, totta vai tarua? Pekka Lehtimäki 19 Helsinki ATC:n kootut 040-750 0754 20 Turvatoimikunnan puheenvuoro pekka.lehtimaki@sllpilots.fi 25 90-luku, Joksa Lankinen kertoo 28 Onnettomuustutkinnan tuloksia Tämän lehden painopaikka: Multiprint Oy 32 Jumbo – vaikeuksien Vilhonvuorenkatu 11 C kautta voittoon? 00500 Helsinki 34 Maalataan Convair P.
    [Show full text]
  • List of Government-Owned and Privatized Airlines (Unofficial Preliminary Compilation)
    List of Government-owned and Privatized Airlines (unofficial preliminary compilation) Governmental Governmental Governmental Total Governmental Ceased shares shares shares Area Country/Region Airline governmental Governmental shareholders Formed shares operations decreased decreased increased shares decreased (=0) (below 50%) (=/above 50%) or added AF Angola Angola Air Charter 100.00% 100% TAAG Angola Airlines 1987 AF Angola Sonair 100.00% 100% Sonangol State Corporation 1998 AF Angola TAAG Angola Airlines 100.00% 100% Government 1938 AF Botswana Air Botswana 100.00% 100% Government 1969 AF Burkina Faso Air Burkina 10.00% 10% Government 1967 2001 AF Burundi Air Burundi 100.00% 100% Government 1971 AF Cameroon Cameroon Airlines 96.43% 96.4% Government 1971 AF Cape Verde TACV Cabo Verde 100.00% 100% Government 1958 AF Chad Air Tchad 98.00% 98% Government 1966 2002 AF Chad Toumai Air Tchad 25.00% 25% Government 2004 AF Comoros Air Comores 100.00% 100% Government 1975 1998 AF Comoros Air Comores International 60.00% 60% Government 2004 AF Congo Lina Congo 66.00% 66% Government 1965 1999 AF Congo, Democratic Republic Air Zaire 80.00% 80% Government 1961 1995 AF Cofôte d'Ivoire Air Afrique 70.40% 70.4% 11 States (Cote d'Ivoire, Togo, Benin, Mali, Niger, 1961 2002 1994 Mauritania, Senegal, Central African Republic, Burkino Faso, Chad and Congo) AF Côte d'Ivoire Air Ivoire 23.60% 23.6% Government 1960 2001 2000 AF Djibouti Air Djibouti 62.50% 62.5% Government 1971 1991 AF Eritrea Eritrean Airlines 100.00% 100% Government 1991 AF Ethiopia Ethiopian
    [Show full text]
  • Liikenne- 2009 Lentäjä
    Nro 2 LIIKENNE- 2009 LENTÄJÄ Lentokapteenista ylioppilaaksi Koulutusta eilen, tänään ja tulevaisuudessa 70-luku esittelyssä Tyytyväisenä Thaimaassa 2 2/2009 PUHEENJOHTAJAN PALSTA Quo Vadis, Suomen ilmailu? FPA:n on saavutt anut yhden sen tavoitt elemistaan merkkipaaluista. Viimeinenkin raskaan len- toliikenteen lentäjäyhdistys on hakenut ja tullaan hyväksymään yhdistykseemme. Sen jäl- keen FPA katt aa kaikki merkitt ävät lentoliikenteen yhdistykset Suomessa. Asett amani ta- voite on saavutett u. Lomalentäjät – Finnish Charter Pilots – FCP, tervetuloa joukkoom- me! Turvatoimikuntamme ja LL-lehti odott avat panostanne ja tutt avuutt anne. eitä on nyt noin 1060 ja jäse- saan? Luott amusta? Toivott avasti asiat nistöömme kuuluu seitsemän saadaan kuntoon, kun pöly on laskeu- Mjäsenyhdistystä. Olemme suo- tunut. malaisen liikenne-, liike-, ja helikopteri- Tilanne on nyt ja tulevaisuudessa lentämisen ammatt iklusteri, käytt ääk- Daavidin ja Goljatin taistelua, on ky- seni virasto- ja lentoyhtiöiden mieliter- seessä mikä lentäjäryhmä hyvänsä. miä. Asiantuntemuksemme alalta on Isot ja kalliit tiedotusosastot ja vapaa- katt ava ja kelpaa kaikille alamme foo- ehtoisista koostuvat lentäjäryhmät tule- rumeille. vat jatkossakin kohtaamaan ammatt im- Miten Suomen ilmailulla muuten me ympärillä vellovassa arvostelussa. menee? Eipä voi kehua. Jos ainoa po- Matti Allonen Lopuksi vielä jaksan ihmetellä, miten sitiivinen uutisointi kuukauden aikana FPA:n puheenjohtaja työnantajan ja omistajatahojen antamaa on se, ett ä kaikki ilmailun merkitt ävät B757-kapteeni, Finnair tietoa kuvitellaan aina absoluutt isesti vaikutustahot pystyivät tekemään yk- todemmaksi kuin toisen osapuolen? simielisen lausunnon Ilmailuhallinnon mia. Yltiöpäiset kasvutavoitt eet ja ko- Jos Suomen lentoliikenne tarvitsee alueellistamista vastaan ja ett ä liiken- neinvestoinnit muutt uvat realistisiksi rakennemuutoksia ja yleisiä toimiala- nenministeri ott i mielipiteen huomi- tuott omarginaalien pienetyessä edel- järjestelyjä, olisiko kuitenkin helpoin tie oon, olemme aika syvällä ongelmien leen.
    [Show full text]
  • 3 Digit 2 Digit Ticketing Code Code Name Code ------6M 40-MILE AIR VY A.C.E
    06/07/2021 www.kovrik.com/sib/travel/airline-codes.txt 3 Digit 2 Digit Ticketing Code Code Name Code ------- ------- ------------------------------ --------- 6M 40-MILE AIR VY A.C.E. A.S. NORVING AARON AIRLINES PTY SM ABERDEEN AIRWAYS 731 GB ABX AIR (CARGO) 832 VX ACES 137 XQ ACTION AIRLINES 410 ZY ADALBANAIR 121 IN ADIRONDACK AIRLINES JP ADRIA AIRWAYS 165 REA RE AER ARANN 684 EIN EI AER LINGUS 053 AEREOS SERVICIOS DE TRANSPORTE 278 DU AERIAL TRANSIT COMPANY(CARGO) 892 JR AERO CALIFORNIA 078 DF AERO COACH AVIATION INT 868 2G AERO DYNAMICS (CARGO) AERO EJECUTIVOS 681 YP AERO LLOYD 633 AERO SERVICIOS 243 AERO TRANSPORTES PANAMENOS 155 QA AEROCARIBE 723 AEROCHAGO AIRLINES 198 3Q AEROCHASQUI 298 AEROCOZUMEL 686 AFL SU AEROFLOT 555 FP AEROLEASING S.A. ARG AR AEROLINEAS ARGENTINAS 044 VG AEROLINEAS EL SALVADOR (CARGO) 680 AEROLINEAS URUGUAYAS 966 BQ AEROMAR (CARGO) 926 AM AEROMEXICO 139 AEROMONTERREY 722 XX AERONAVES DEL PERU (CARGO) 624 RL AERONICA 127 PO AEROPELICAN AIR SERVICES WL AEROPERLAS PL AEROPERU 210 6P AEROPUMA, S.A. (CARGO) AW AEROQUETZAL 291 XU AEROVIAS (CARGO) 316 AEROVIAS COLOMBIANAS (CARGO) 158 AFFRETAIR (PRIVATE) (CARGO) 292 AFRICAN INTERNATIONAL AIRWAYS 648 ZI AIGLE AZUR AMM DP AIR 2000 RK AIR AFRIQUE 092 DAH AH AIR ALGERIE 124 3J AIR ALLIANCE 188 4L AIR ALMA 248 AIR ALPHA AIR AQUITAINE FQ AIR ARUBA 276 9A AIR ATLANTIC LTD. AAG ES AIR ATLANTIQUE OU AIR ATONABEE/CITY EXPRESS 253 AX AIR AURORA (CARGO) 386 ZX AIR B.C. 742 KF AIR BOTNIA BP AIR BOTSWANA 636 AIR BRASIL 853 AIR BRIDGE CARRIERS (CARGO) 912 VH AIR BURKINA 226 PB AIR BURUNDI 919 TY AIR CALEDONIE 190 www.kovrik.com/sib/travel/airline-codes.txt 1/15 06/07/2021 www.kovrik.com/sib/travel/airline-codes.txt SB AIR CALEDONIE INTERNATIONAL 063 ACA AC AIR CANADA 014 XC AIR CARIBBEAN 918 SF AIR CHARTER AIR CHARTER (CHARTER) AIR CHARTER SYSTEMS 272 CCA CA AIR CHINA 999 CE AIR CITY S.A.
    [Show full text]
  • EDITION 17 Stacy C. Davis Oak Ridge National Laboratory
    ORNL-6919 (Edition 17 of ORNL-5198) Center for Transportation Analysis Energy Division TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK: EDITION 17 Stacy C. Davis Oak Ridge National Laboratory September 1997 Prepared for Office of Transportation Technologies U.S. Department of Energy Prepared by OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6073 managed by LOCKHEED MARTIN ENERGY RESEARCH CORP. for the U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY under Contract No. DE-AC05-96OR22464 This report has been reproduced directly from the best available copy. Available to DOE and DOE contractors from the Office of Scientific and Technical Information, P.O. Box 62, Oak Ridge, TN 37831; prices available from (423) 576-8401. Available to the public from the National Technical Information Service, U.S. Department of Commerce, 5285 Port Royal Rd., Springfield, VA 22161. This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility of the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof.
    [Show full text]