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Roadmap for Accelerating the Deployment of Electric Vehicles in Canada 2016 to 2020

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Roadmap for Accelerating the Deployment of Electric Vehicles in Canada 2016 to 2020 Roadmap for Accelerating the Deployment of Electric Vehicles in Canada 2016 to 2020 March 3, 2016 Electric Mobility Canada /Mobilité électrique Canada – www.emc-mec.ca – [email protected] 38 place du Commerce, 11-530 Ile des Sœurs, QC H3E 1T8 - Tel: (514) 916-4165 - Fax: (514) 769-1286 Acknowledgements This report has been prepared under the direction of Chantal Guimont, President and CEO of Electric Mobility Canada (EMC). EMC wishes to acknowledge the following principal report contributors: Leaders of the consultation sessions held during EMC’s EV2015VÉ Annual Conference in May 2015 in Halifax: Charlotte Argue – Fraser Basin Council Paul Moreau – PMMC Marketing and Communications Alexandre Louis – AddÉnergie Pierre Ducharme – Miratech Consulting Group Dr. Josipa Petrunic – McMaster University – Principal author of Section 7 EMC also wishes to acknowledge its representatives on the HUB Committee (committee of industry and federal government representatives dealing with transportation electrification) who have provided valuable guidance throughout the process: Catherine Kargas – Marcon Consulting Dan Guatto – Burlington Hydro Alec Tsang – BC Hydro Matt Stevens – CrossChasm Serge Carignan – Société de gestion et d'acquisition de véhicules de transport Louis Tremblay – AddÉnergie Editorial and research assistance: Al Cormier, former President and CEO of EMC Electric Mobility Canada is thankful to Natural Resources Canada for this mandate and their continued support during the elaboration of this Roadmap. 1 Executive Summary Roadmap for Accelerating the Deployment of Electric Vehicles in Canada 2016-2020 Context and Objectives This is the second roadmap for the electrification of surface transportation in Canada prepared under Electric Mobility Canada (EMC), with the financial support of Natural Resources Canada. EMC is the only national organization dedicated exclusively to the promotion of electric transportation. With close to 18,500 electric vehicles (EVs) on the road, 5 years after market introduction, the time for a strong national policy is even more relevant to move from an early adopter market to a mass market. In the context where Canada has nearly two times fewer EVs per inhabitant than our American neighbours, this opportunity needs to be addressed, now. This roadmap, developed in consultation with EMC members and various stakeholders, recommends high-priority strategies and concrete actions to increase the share of EVs in Canada. The recommendations make sense for Canada, and are complementary to actions already being undertaken by private entities and governments. EVs are 4 to 6 times cheaper to operate and result in reduced greenhouse gases, especially when “fuelled” by Canadian electricity from clean sources. They also contribute to stimulating a green economy. Recommended Measures To reach all Canadians, the first measure is to raise public awareness for EVs by implementing a National Resource Centre and a Test Driving program, while launching a National Awareness Campaign. The second measure offers federal financial incentives to EV buyers to diminish the return on investment by at least 1.5 year and make a significant impact on EV adoption, as observed in the US. Incentives are also to be offered to employers to support workplace charging as the second most important location for charging, after home charging. Finally, the purchase and installation of 150 direct current fast charging (DCFC) stations is recommended to complete a national EV highway. Government exemplarity and the evolution of building codes are also part of the recommendations. With an increasing number of EVs in car sharing fleets, there is a need to test a newly developed business model within a municipality, and to extrapolate key elements and findings to other Canadian cities. In addition, a national industry-academic consortium dedicated to EV research, development and innovation should be considered. For public transit, the sharing of results from electric bus demonstration projects, and the adequacy of these buses on transit routes will help determine the complementary projects needed for a concrete action plan. EMC is committed to take part in the implementation of all the roadmap recommendations. We will continue to monitor rigorously all ongoing projects such as electric school buses and taxis in order to capture all opportunities to accelerate transportation electrification. 2 Table of Content A. Summary of Recommendations ................................................................. 5 B. Roadmap for Accelerating the Deployment of Electric Vehicles in Canada (2016 to 2020) - Detailed Report ............................................................................ 13 1. Context, Mandate and Objectives ............................................................ 13 2. Why EVs Make Sense for Canada ............................................................ 15 3. Raising Public Awareness of EVs .............................................................. 20 3.1 Summary of Findings........................................................................... 20 3.2 Recommendations ............................................................................... 21 4. Financial Incentives for EV Buyers ........................................................... 23 4.1 Incentives for Purchase of EVs .............................................................. 24 4.2 Recommendations ............................................................................... 27 5. EV Infrastructure .................................................................................. 28 5.1 Current Situation ................................................................................ 28 5.2 Eliminating the ‘Range Anxiety’ ............................................................. 29 5.3 Recommendations ............................................................................... 29 6. Car Sharing .......................................................................................... 31 6.1 Summary of Findings........................................................................... 31 6.2 Critical Success Factors ....................................................................... 33 6.3 Role of each Stakeholder in a Robust Business Model .............................. 33 6.4 Other Car Sharing Markets: Condos & Fleets .......................................... 34 6.5 Common Objectives with Communication Mandate .................................. 34 6.6 Additional Findings .............................................................................. 34 6.7 Recommendations ............................................................................... 35 7. Technology, Research and Development and Pre-Commercialization ............ 37 7.1 Summary of Findings........................................................................... 37 7.2 National EV Innovation Centre (EVIC) .................................................... 40 7.3 Recommendations ............................................................................... 43 8. Building Codes ...................................................................................... 44 8.1 Recommendations ............................................................................... 44 9. Public Transit ........................................................................................ 46 9.1 Recommendations ............................................................................... 48 10. Other Items for Future Consideration ........................................................ 50 10.1 School Buses ..................................................................................... 50 10.2 EVs in Condominiums and Apartments ................................................. 50 3 10.3 Mining Vehicles .................................................................................. 50 10.4 Taxi Fleets ........................................................................................ 50 10.5 Other Existing Applications and Active Watch ........................................ 51 ATTACHMENTS ............................................................................................ 52 Attachment 1 – Glossary of Terms and their Abbreviations ............................. 53 Attachment 2 – Consultation Invitation ........................................................ 54 Attachment 3 – EV National Roadmap - Consultation Process ......................... 55 Attachment 4 – Participants Interviewed in the Consultation Process ............... 57 Attachment 5 – Provincial Initiatives in QC, ON and BC .................................. 59 Attachment 6 – Budget Overview ................................................................ 65 4 A. Summary of Recommendations The attributes of Electric Vehicles (EVs) are well documented all over the world. Moreover, they represent a readily available option for drivers now. EV make sense for several reasons; they are cheaper to run than a traditional car and their maintenance costs are very low. They also produce low local emissions and therefore make important contributions to the reduction of Greenhouse Gases in transportation. They are particularly appropriate for Canada because most of our electricity is generated from non-fossil fuel sources and the price of electricity is predictable in Canada, set within the country, rather than by global oil markets. Canada is home to some of the leading companies in the EV
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