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Reviewing and Evaluating the Direct Elections to the Legislative Council and the Transformation of Political Parties in Hong Kong, 1991-2016
Journal of US-China Public Administration, August 2016, Vol. 13, No. 8, 499-517 doi: 10.17265/1548-6591/2016.08.001 D DAVID PUBLISHING Reviewing and Evaluating the Direct Elections to the Legislative Council and the Transformation of Political Parties in Hong Kong, 1991-2016 Chung Fun Steven Hung The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong After direct elections were instituted in Hong Kong, politicization inevitably followed democratization. This paper intends to evaluate how political parties’ politics happened in Hong Kong’s recent history. The research was conducted through historical comparative analysis, with the context of Hong Kong during the sovereignty transition and the interim period of democratization being crucial. For the implementation of “one country, two systems”, political democratization was hindered and distinct political scenarios of Hong Kong’s transformation were made. The democratic forces had no alternative but to seek more radicalized politics, which caused a decisive fragmentation of the local political parties where the establishment camp was inevitable and the democratic blocs were split into many more small groups individually. It is harmful. It is not conducive to unity and for the common interests of the publics. This paper explores and evaluates the political history of Hong Kong and the ways in which the limited democratization hinders the progress of Hong Kong’s transformation. Keywords: election politics, historical comparative, ruling, democratization The democratizing element of the Hong Kong political system was bounded within the Legislative Council under the principle of the separation of powers of the three governing branches, Executive, Legislative, and Judicial. Popular elections for the Hong Kong legislature were introduced and implemented for 25 years (1991-2016) and there were eight terms of general elections for the Legislative Council. -
Minutes Have Been Seen by the Administration)
立法會 Legislative Council LC Paper No. CB(2)2011/02-03 (These minutes have been seen by the Administration) Ref : CB2/PL/HS Panel on Health Services Minutes of meeting held on Monday, 14 April 2003 at 8:30 am in the Chamber of the Legislative Council Building Members : Dr Hon LO Wing-lok (Chairman) present Hon Michael MAK Kwok-fung (Deputy Chairman) Hon Cyd HO Sau-lan Hon Albert HO Chun-yan Hon Mrs Sophie LEUNG LAU Yau-fun, SBS, JP Dr Hon YEUNG Sum Hon Andrew CHENG Kar-foo Dr Hon LAW Chi-kwong, JP Dr Hon TANG Siu-tong, JP Hon LI Fung-ying, JP Members : Hon CHAN Kwok-keung absent Hon CHAN Yuen-han, JP Members : Dr Hon David CHU Yu-lin, JP attending Hon Martin LEE Chu-ming, SC, JP Hon Fred LI Wah-ming, JP Dr Hon LUI Ming-wah, JP Hon SIN Chung-kai Hon LAU Kong-wah Hon Emily LAU Wai-hing, JP Hon Henry WU King-cheong, BBS, JP - 2 - Public Officers : Mr Thomas YIU, JP attending Deputy Secretary for Health, Welfare and Food Mr Nicholas CHAN Assistant Secretary for Health, Welfare and Food Dr P Y LAM, JP Deputy Director of Health Dr W M KO, JP Director (Professional Services & Public Affairs) Hospital Authority Dr Thomas TSANG Consultant Clerk in : Ms Doris CHAN attendance Chief Assistant Secretary (2) 4 Staff in : Ms Joanne MAK attendance Senior Assistant Secretary (2) 2 I. Confirmation of minutes (LC Paper No. CB(2)1735/02-03) The minutes of the regular meeting on 10 March 2003 were confirmed. -
Hong Kong's Endgame and the Rule of Law (Ii): the Battle Over "The People" and the Business Community in the Transition to Chinese Rule
HONG KONG'S ENDGAME AND THE RULE OF LAW (II): THE BATTLE OVER "THE PEOPLE" AND THE BUSINESS COMMUNITY IN THE TRANSITION TO CHINESE RULE JACQUES DELISLE* & KEVIN P. LANE- 1. INTRODUCTION Transitional Hong Kong's endgame formally came to a close with the territory's reversion to Chinese rule on July 1, 1997. How- ever, a legal and institutional order and a "rule of law" for Chi- nese-ruled Hong Kong remain works in progress. They will surely bear the mark of the conflicts that dominated the final years pre- ceding Hong Kong's legal transition from British colony to Chinese Special Administrative Region ("S.A.R."). Those endgame conflicts reflected a struggle among adherents to rival conceptions of a rule of law and a set of laws and institutions that would be adequate and acceptable for Hong Kong. They unfolded in large part through battles over the attitudes and allegiance of "the Hong Kong people" and Hong Kong's business community. Hong Kong's Endgame and the Rule of Law (I): The Struggle over Institutions and Values in the Transition to Chinese Rule ("Endgame I") focused on the first aspect of this story. It examined the political struggle among members of two coherent, but not monolithic, camps, each bound together by a distinct vision of law and sover- t Special Series Reprint: Originally printed in 18 U. Pa. J. Int'l Econ. L. 811 (1997). Assistant Professor, University of Pennsylvania Law School. This Article is the second part of a two-part series. The first part appeared as Hong Kong's End- game and the Rule of Law (I): The Struggle over Institutions and Values in the Transition to Chinese Rule, 18 U. -
立法會 Legislative Council
立法會 Legislative Council LC Paper No. CB(2)280/00-01 (These minutes have been seen by the Administration) Ref : CB2/BC/13/00 Legislative Council Bills Committee on Chief Executive Election Bill Minutes of the tenth meeting held on Thursday, 31 May 2001 at 8:30 am in the Chamber of the Legislative Council Building Members : Hon IP Kwok-him, JP (Chairman) Present Hon James TIEN Pei-chun, JP Hon David CHU Yu-lin Hon Martin LEE Chu-ming, SC, JP Hon NG Leung-sing Prof Hon NG Ching-fai Hon Margaret NG Hon CHEUNG Man-kwong Hon HUI Cheung-ching Dr Hon Philip WONG Yu-hong Hon Jasper TSANG Yok-sing, JP Hon Howard YOUNG, JP Dr Hon YEUNG Sum Hon Ambrose LAU Hon-chuen, JP Hon Emily LAU Wai-hing, JP Hon CHOY So-yuk Hon SZETO Wah Hon Timothy FOK Tsun-ting, SBS, JP Hon TAM Yiu-chung, GBS, JP Hon LEUNG Fu-wah, MH, JP Hon LAU Ping-cheung Hon Audrey EU Yuet-mee, SC, JP Members: Hon Andrew WONG Wang-fat, JP (Deputy Chairman) Absent Hon Cyd HO Sau-lan Ir Dr Hon Raymond HO Chung-tai, JP Hon Eric LI Ka-cheung, JP - 2 - Hon CHAN Yuen-han Hon Michael MAK Kwok-fung Hon Abraham SHEK Lai-him, JP Hon Tommy CHEUNG Yu-yan, JP Dr Hon LO Wing-lok Public Officers : Mr Michael M Y SUEN, GBS, JP Attending Secretary for Constitutional Affairs Mr Robin IP Deputy Secretary for Constitutional Affairs Ms Doris HO Principal Assistant Secretary for Constitutional Affairs Mr Bassanio SO Principal Assistant Secretary for Constitutional Affairs Mr James O'NEIL Deputy Solicitor General (Constitutional) Mr Gilbert MO Deputy Law Draftsman (Bilingual Drafting & Administration) Ms Phyllis KO Senior Assistant Law Draftsman Clerk in : Mrs Percy MA Attendance Chief Assistant Secretary (2)3 Staff in : Mr Stephen LAM Attendance Assistant Legal Adviser 4 Mr Paul WOO Senior Assistant Secretary (2)3 - 3 - Action Column I. -
The Brookings Institution Center for Northeast Asian Policy Studies
THE BROOKINGS INSTITUTION CENTER FOR NORTHEAST ASIAN POLICY STUDIES The 2004 Legislative Council Elections and Implications for U.S. Policy toward Hong Kong Wednesday, September 15, 2004 Introduction: RICHARD BUSH Director, Center for Northeast Asian Policy Studies The Brookings Institution Presenter: SONNY LO SHIU-HING Associate Professor of Political Science University of Waterloo Discussant: ELLEN BORK Deputy Director Project for the New American Century [TRANSCRIPT PREPARED FROM A TAPE RECORDING.] THE BROOKINGS INSTITUTION CENTER FOR NORTHEAST ASIAN POLICY STUDIES 1775 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW WASHINGTON, D.C. 20036 202-797-6307 P R O C E E D I N G S MR. BUSH: [In progress] I've long thought that politically Hong Kong plays a very important role in the Chinese political system because it can be, I think, a test bed, or a place to experiment on different political forums on how to run large Chinese cities in an open, competitive, and accountable way. So how Hong Kong's political development proceeds is very important for some larger and very significant issues for the Chinese political system as a whole, and therefore the debate over democratization in Hong Kong is one that has significance that reaches much beyond the rights and political participation of the people there. The election that occurred last Sunday is a kind of punctuation mark in that larger debate over democratization, and we're very pleased to have two very qualified people to talk to us today. The first is Professor Sonny Lo Shiu-hing, who has just joined the faculty of the University of Waterloo in Canada. -
One Country, Two Systems" in Practice : an Analysis of Six Cases
Lingnan University Digital Commons @ Lingnan University Centre for Public Policy Studies : CPPS Working Centre for Public Policy Studies 公共政策研究中 Paper Series 心 8-2001 "One country, two systems" in practice : an analysis of six cases Yiu Chung WONG Lingnan University, Hong Kong, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://commons.ln.edu.hk/cppswp Part of the Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration Commons Recommended Citation Wong, Y.-c. (2001). "One country, two systems" in practice: An analysis of six cases (CPPS Working Paper Series No.114). Retrieved from Lingnan University website: http://commons.ln.edu.hk/cppswp/98 This Paper Series is brought to you for free and open access by the Centre for Public Policy Studies 公共政策研究 中心 at Digital Commons @ Lingnan University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Centre for Public Policy Studies : CPPS Working Paper Series by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Lingnan University. Working Paper Series Centre for Public Policy Studies Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences N o .114 (8/01) CPPS ONE COUNTRY, TWO SYSTEMS" IN PRACTICE: AN ANALYSIS OF SIX CASES by Dr. Wong Yiu-chung H 62 _W68 n o .114 Lingnan University Hong Kong “One Coimtry, Two Systems” in Practice: An Analysis of Six Cases Dr. Wong Yiu-chung August 2001 © Wong Yiu-chung Dr. Wong Yiu-chung is Associate Professor in the Department of Politics and Sociology, Lingnan University, Hong Kong. Centre for Public Policy Studies Lingnan University Tuen Mun Hong Kong Tel: (852) 2616 7432 Fax: (852) 2591 0690 Email: [email protected] http://www.LN.edu.hk/cpps/ CAPS and CPPS Working Papers are circulated to invite discussion and critical comment. -
The Line Hardens Tougher Stance on Civil Rights Threatens Freedom Of
Freedom of Expression in Hong Kong: 2002 Annual Report 1 The Line Hardens Tougher Stance on Civil Rights Threatens Freedom of Expression in Hong Kong 2002 ANNUAL REPORT JOINT REPORT OF THE HONG KONG JOURNALISTS ASSOCIATION AND ARTICLE 19 JUNE 2002 2 The Hong Kong Journalists Association and ARTICLE 19 Contents Introduction Mak Yin-ting, Chairperson, Hong Kong Journalists Association Andrew Puddephatt, Executive Director, ARTICLE 19................................................ 2 Conclusions and recommendations ....................................................................................................................................... 3 Section 1 A MORE ASSERTIVE SECOND TERM..................................................................... 5 The threat of anti-terror laws ......................................................................................... 6 Another China controversy at major daily..................................................................... 7 Detention of journalists working on the mainland ........................................................ 9 China activist barred from Hong Kong.......................................................................... 9 Government gets tough on protesters .......................................................................... 10 Heavy-handedness in Macau ....................................................................................... 12 Falun Gong faces marginalisation .............................................................................. -
Minutes Have Been Seen by the Administration)
立法會 Legislative Council LC Paper No. CB(2)1899/00-01 (These minutes have been seen by the Administration) Ref : CB2/BC/13/00 Legislative Council Bills Committee on Chief Executive Election Bill Minutes of the second meeting held on Tuesday, 3 April 2001 at 8:30 am in the Chamber of the Legislative Council Building Members : Hon IP Kwok-him, JP (Chairman) Present Hon James TIEN Pei-chun, JP Hon Cyd HO Sau-lan Ir Dr Hon Raymond HO Chung-tai, JP Hon Martin LEE Chu-ming, SC, JP Hon Eric LI Ka-cheung, JP Hon NG Leung-sing Prof Hon NG Ching-fai Hon Margaret NG Hon CHEUNG Man-kwong Hon HUI Cheung-ching Hon CHAN Yuen-han Dr Hon Philip WONG Yu-hong Hon Jasper TSANG Yok-sing, JP Hon Howard YOUNG, JP Dr Hon YEUNG Sum Hon Emily LAU Wai-hing, JP Hon CHOY So-yuk Hon SZETO Wah Hon Timothy FOK Tsun-ting, SBS, JP Hon TAM Yiu-chung, GBS, JP Hon Abraham SHEK Lai-him, JP Hon LEUNG Fu-wah, MH, JP Dr Hon LO Wing-lok Hon LAU Ping-cheung Hon Audrey EU Yuet-mee, SC, JP - 2 - Members: Hon Andrew WONG Wang-fat, JP (Deputy Chairman) Absent Hon David CHU Yu-lin Hon Ambrose LAU Hon-chuen, JP Hon Tommy CHEUNG Yu-yan, JP Hon Michael MAK Kwok-fung Public Officers : Mr Michael S M SUEN Attending Secretary for Constitutional Affairs Mr Robin IP Deputy Secretary for Constitutional Affairs Ms Doris HO Principal Assistant Secretary for Constitutional Affairs Mr Bassanio SO Principal Assistant Secretary for Constitutional Affairs Mr Peter WONG Deputy Solicitor General (Constitutional) (Acting) Mr Gilbert MO Deputy Law Draftsman (Bilingual Drafting & Administration) Ms Phyllis KO Senior Assistant Law Draftsman Mr Lawrence PENG Senior Government Counsel Clerk in : Mrs Percy MA Attendance Chief Assistant Secretary (2)3 Staff in : Mr Jimmy MA Attendance Legal Adviser Mr Stephen LAM Assistant Legal Adviser 4 Mr Paul WOO Senior Assistant Secretary (2)3 - 3 - Action Column I. -
Hansard (English)
LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL ─ 25 April 2012 8553 OFFICIAL RECORD OF PROCEEDINGS Wednesday, 25 April 2012 The Council met at Eleven o'clock MEMBERS PRESENT: THE PRESIDENT THE HONOURABLE JASPER TSANG YOK-SING, G.B.S., J.P. THE HONOURABLE ALBERT HO CHUN-YAN IR DR THE HONOURABLE RAYMOND HO CHUNG-TAI, S.B.S., S.B.ST.J., J.P. THE HONOURABLE LEE CHEUK-YAN DR THE HONOURABLE DAVID LI KWOK-PO, G.B.M., G.B.S., J.P. THE HONOURABLE FRED LI WAH-MING, S.B.S., J.P. DR THE HONOURABLE MARGARET NG THE HONOURABLE JAMES TO KUN-SUN THE HONOURABLE CHEUNG MAN-KWONG THE HONOURABLE CHAN KAM-LAM, S.B.S., J.P. THE HONOURABLE MRS SOPHIE LEUNG LAU YAU-FUN, G.B.S., J.P. THE HONOURABLE LEUNG YIU-CHUNG THE HONOURABLE WONG YUNG-KAN, S.B.S., J.P. 8554 LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL ─ 25 April 2012 THE HONOURABLE LAU KONG-WAH, J.P. THE HONOURABLE LAU WONG-FAT, G.B.M., G.B.S., J.P. THE HONOURABLE MIRIAM LAU KIN-YEE, G.B.S., J.P. THE HONOURABLE EMILY LAU WAI-HING, J.P. THE HONOURABLE ANDREW CHENG KAR-FOO THE HONOURABLE TIMOTHY FOK TSUN-TING, G.B.S., J.P. THE HONOURABLE TAM YIU-CHUNG, G.B.S., J.P. THE HONOURABLE ABRAHAM SHEK LAI-HIM, S.B.S., J.P. THE HONOURABLE LI FUNG-YING, S.B.S., J.P. THE HONOURABLE TOMMY CHEUNG YU-YAN, S.B.S., J.P. THE HONOURABLE FREDERICK FUNG KIN-KEE, S.B.S., J.P. THE HONOURABLE AUDREY EU YUET-MEE, S.C., J.P. -
Unauthorized Occupation of Government Land by Green Lsland Cement Company Limited
2086 LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL ─ 10 December 2003 MR LAU KONG-WAH (in Cantonese): It is about guidelines on preventing police officers from having contacts with undesirable elements. SECRETARY FOR SECURITY (in Cantonese): All along, the Police Force has issued guidelines to police officers. As far as I know, reviews would be made in accordance with changes in social conditions. I do not have the latest guidelines at hand, but we do issue guidelines to our colleagues. PRESIDENT (in Cantonese): Second question. Unauthorized Occupation of Government Land by Green lsland Cement Company Limited 2. MS EMILY LAU (in Cantonese): Madam President, it has been reported that the Green Island Cement Company Limited (GIC) has been occupying without authorization a piece of government land in Hung Hom since 1992. In this connection, will the executive authorities inform this Council of: (a) the details of the case and why the company could have occupied government land without authorization for as long as 11 years; and (b) the follow-up actions taken and to be taken by the authorities? SECRETARY FOR HOUSING, PLANNING AND LANDS (in Cantonese): Madam President, my reply to the two parts of the question is as follows: (a) The Government granted the Kowloon Marine Lot No. 113 to the GIC for industrial use in 1977. In 1978, the adjacent Kowloon Permanent Pier (KPP) No. 90 was also granted for use in connection with the adjoining industrial lot. The term of both lots is up to 2047. There is no question that the lot concerned has been occupied by the GIC without authorization since 1992. -
Minutes Have Been Seen by the Administration)
立法會 Legislative Council LC Paper No. CB(2)2603/03-04 (These minutes have been seen by the Administration) Ref : CB2/BC/4/02 Bills Committee on Education (Amendment) Bill 2002 Minutes of meeting held on Wednesday, 28 April 2004 from 8:30 am to 12:35 pm in Conference Room A of the Legislative Council Building Members : Hon Cyd HO Sau-lan (Chairman) present Ir Dr Hon Raymond HO Chung-tai, JP Hon LEE Cheuk-yan Hon CHEUNG Man-kwong Hon LEUNG Yiu-chung Hon Emily LAU Wai-hing, JP Hon SZETO Wah Hon Tommy CHEUNG Yu-yan, JP Hon Audrey EU Yuet-mee, SC, JP Member : Hon YEUNG Yiu-chung, BBS absent Public Officers : Mr M Y CHENG, JP attending Deputy Secretary for Education and Manpower (3) Mr Andrew POON Principal Assistant Secretary for Education and Manpower (Quality Assurance) Mrs YU LAW Siu-man Senior Education Officer (School Registration and Compliance) Education and Manpower Bureau - 2 - Mr Gilbert MO Deputy Law Draftsman (Bilingual Drafting and Administration) Department of Justice Mr W L CHEUNG Senior Government Counsel Department of Justice Clerk in : Ms Doris CHAN attendance Chief Council Secretary (2)2 Staff in : Ms Bernice WONG attendance Assistant Legal Adviser 1 Mr Stanley MA Senior Council Secretary (2)6 I. Meeting with the Administration [LC Paper Nos. CB(2)2166/03-04(01) and CB(2)2166/03-04(02)] 1 The Bills Committee deliberated (Index of proceedings at Annex). II. Clause-by-clause examination of the Bill [LC Paper No. CB(2)1964/03-04(01)] 2. The Bills Committee deliberated on Clause 17 of the Bill (proposed sections 40AF to 40AQ under Part III of the Education Ordinance - Index of proceedings at Annex). -
Hong Kong: the Rise and Fall of “One Country, Two Systems”
Hong Kong: The Rise and Fall of “One Country, Two Systems” William H. Overholt December 2019 Hong Kong: The Rise and Fall of “One Country, Two Systems” William H. Overholt December 2019 hong kong: The Rise and Fall of “One Country, Two Systems” about the author William Overholt is a Senior Research Fellow, focusing on Chinese/Asian economic development, political development, and geopolitics with the Mossavar-Rahmani Center for Business and Government at Harvard Kennedy School. During 2013–15 he also served as President of the Fung Global Institute in Hong Kong. His career includes 16 years doing policy research at think tanks and 21 years running investment bank research teams. Previously he held the Asia Policy Distinguished Research Chair at RAND’s California headquarters and was Director of the Center for Asia Pacific Policy; concurrently he was Visiting Professor at Shanghai Jiaodong University and, earlier, Distinguished Visiting Professor at Korea’s Yonsei University. During 21 years in invest- ment banking, he served as Head of Strategy and Economics at Nomura’s regional headquarters in Hong Kong from 1998 to 2001, and as Managing Director and Head of Research at Bank Boston’s regional headquarters in Singapore. For Bankers Trust, he ran a country risk team in New York from 1980 to 1984, then was regional strategist and Asia research head based in Hong Kong from 1985 to 1998. At Hudson Institute from 1971 to 1979, Dr. Overholt directed planning studies for the U.S. Department of Defense, Department of State, National Security Council, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and Council on International Economic Policy.