AMD ™ 64 Processor Product Brief

Get powerful performance for your unique digital experience

AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor Overview The AMD processor is the first Windows®-compatible 64-bit PC processor. The AMD Athlon 64 processor runs on AMD64 technology, a revolutionary technology that allows the processor to run 32-bit applications at full speed while enabling a new generation of powerful 64- bit software applications. Advanced 64-bit operating systems designed for the AMD64 platform from Microsoft, Red Hat, SuSE, and TurboLinux have already been announced.

With the introduction of the AMD Athlon 64 processor, AMD provides customers a solution that can address their current and future computing needs. As the first desktop PC processor to run on the AMD64 platform, the AMD Athlon 64 processor helps ensure superior performance on today’s software with readiness for the coming wave of 64-bit computing. With AMD64 technology, customers can embrace the new capabilities of 64-bit computing on their own terms and achieve compatibility with existing software and operating systems.

Enhanced Virus Protection with Windows® XP Service Pack 2 With a unique combination of hardware and software technologies that offer you an added layer of protection, certain types of viruses don't stand a chance. The AMD Athlon 64 processor features Enhanced Virus Protection, when support by the OS*, and can help protect against viruses, worms, and other malicious attacks. When combined with protective software, Enhanced Virus Protection is part of an overall security solution that helps keep your information safer.

Industry-leading performance for today’s software It 's not just about email, Web browsing and word processing anymore. The AMD Athlon 64 processor gives you full-throttle performance to go wherever your digital world takes you. Whether you're watching videos, ripping and playing music, or playing games, AMD64 performance helps you to fully enjoy any multimedia experience with a “you are there” reality. The revolutionary architecture of the AMD Athlon 64 processor enables industry-leading performance to help maximize productivity and deliver a true-to-life digital entertainment experience. HyperTransport™ technology can increase overall system performance by removing I/O bottlenecks, increasing system bandwidth, and reducing system latency. A fully integrated DDR helps speed access to memory by offering the processor a direct connection to the main memory. As a result, end users can enjoy quicker application loading and extraordinary application performance.

With 3DNow!™ Professional technology and support for SSE3, the AMD Athlon 64 processor has more ways to accelerate multimedia applications, enabling stellar performance when working with audio, video, and photography software. For a superior experience with high-speed Internet, the AMD Athlon 64 processor combines high-speed memory access and I/O connectivity to help ensure that end users can fully take advantage of a broadband connection to streaming video and audio, and a riveting online gaming experience.

Ready for the 64-bit future The AMD Athlon 64 processor is designed for people who want to stay at the forefront of technology and for those who depend on their PCs to keep them connected, informed, and entertained. Systems based on AMD Athlon 64 processors are able to deliver leading-edge performance for demanding productivity and entertainment software today and in the future.

With AMD64 technology, the AMD Athlon 64 processor is fully compatible with existing software, while enabling a seamless transition to 64-bit applications. Both 32- and 64-bit applications can run virtually simultaneously and transparently on the same platform. AMD64 technology enables new, cinematic computing experiences and capabilities, in addition to increased performance. AMD64 technology allows end users to take advantage of new innovations such as real-time encryption, more life-like games, accurate speech interfaces, cinema-quality graphic effects, and easy-to-use video and audio editing.

Protect investments with a technically superior PC processor The AMD Athlon 64 processor is the world’s most technically advanced PC processor and the first Windows-compatible 64-bit PC processor. Advanced technologies in the AMD Athlon 64 processor include:

• AMD64 technology which doubles the number of processor registers and dramatically increases the system memory addressability • Enhanced multimedia instructions support including 3DNow! Professional technology and SSE2/3 • With up to a 2000 MHz system bus using HyperTransport technology with up to 14.4 GB/sec total processor-to-system bandwidth • An integrated memory controller with peak memory bandwidth of up to 6.4 GB/sec, supporting PC3200, PC2700, PC2100, or PC1600 DDR SDRAM • Native execution of 32-bit software, allowing today’s PC software to provide leading-edge performance while enabling a seamless migration to 64-bit software

The combination of these innovations and features provides customers with performance they need along with tremendous flexibility. Customers can experience outstanding performance running today’s applications and prepare for the next generation of software without having to upgrade or change hardware. For business customers, this extends system life cycles, simplifies technology transition and reduces total cost of ownership.

Purchase with confidence The AMD Athlon 64 processor is the only industry standard processor with the ability to move beyond the limits of 32-bit computing. The AMD Athlon 64 processor is compatible with Microsoft Windows XP and tens of thousands of PC applications that people around the world use every day. The award-winning AMD Athlon XP processor won over 100 industry accolades and was the first 1GHz PC processor. Now, the AMD Athlon 64 processor reaches a new milestone by building a path to 64-bit computing for millions of PC users.

Founded in 1969, AMD has shipped more than 300 million PC processors worldwide. Customers can depend on the AMD Athlon 64 processor and AMD for compatibility and reliability. AMD processors undergo extensive testing to help ensure compatibility with Microsoft Windows XP, Windows 98, Windows ME, Windows NT®, Windows 2000, as well as Linux and other PC operating systems. AMD works collaboratively with Microsoft and other partners to achieve compatibility of AMD processors and to expand the capability of software and hardware products leveraging AMD64 technology. AMD conducts rigorous research, development, and validation to help ensure the continued integrity and performance of its products.

*Enhanced Virus Protection (EVP) is only enabled by certain operating systems including the current versions of Microsoft® Windows®, Linux, Solaris and BSD Unix. After properly installing the appropriate operating system release, users must enable the protection of their applications and associated files from buffer overrun attacks. Consult your OS documentation for information on enabling EVP. Contact your application software vendor for information regarding use of the application in conjunction with EVP. AMD and its partners strongly recommend that users continue to use third party anti-virus software as part of their security strategy.

© 2005 , Inc. All rights reserved. AMD, the AMD Arrow logo, AMD Athlon, and combinations thereof, and 3DNow! are trademarks of Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. HyperTransport is a licensed trademark of the HyperTransport Technology Consortium. Microsoft and Windows are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the U.S. and/or other jurisdictions. Other names are for informational purposes only and may be trademarks of their respective owners. AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor Key Architectural Features

The AMD64 core provides leading-edge 32-bit performance and support for future 64-bit applications

• AMD64 technology provides full-speed support for x86 code base for uncompromising 32-bit performance, ready for 64-bit applications • 40-bit physical addresses, 48-bit virtual addresses • Eight new (sixteen total) 64-bit integer registers • Eight (sixteen total) 128-bit SSE/SSE2/SSE3 registers • Including support for 3DNow!™ Professional technology and SSE3

A high-bandwidth, low-latency integrated DDR memory controller

• Supports PC3200, PC2700, PC2100 or PC1600 DDR SDRAM • Unbuffered DIMMs • 72-bit DDR SDRAM memory (64-bit interface + 8-bit ECC) • Up to 6.4 GB/s memory bandwidth • ECC protection enables increased system reliability

HyperTransport™ technology for high speed I/O communication

• One 16-bit link up to 2000MHz • Up to 8 GB/s HyperTransport™ I/O bandwidth • Up to 14.4 GB/s total delivered processor-to-system bandwidth

Large high performance on-chip cache

• 64KB Level 1 instruction cache • 64KB Level 1 data cache • Up to 1MB Level 2 cache • Improved branch prediction for greater accuracy in anticipating instruction calls • Enhanced TLB structures for better memory management of complex workloads AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor Model Numbers and Feature Comparison

AMD Athlon™ 64 processors are identified by a 4 digit model number. AMD model numbers, based on industry-standard benchmarks on a wide range of popular software, are a simple, accurate representation of relative AMD processor performance.

The model number methodology is designed to help end users simplify their PC purchase decision. The higher the model number, the better the overall software performance on the processor. The "+" at the end of each model number indicates the added performance benefits delivered by AMD's innovative processor designs.

The chart below lists all available AMD Athlon 64 processor models, corresponding processor frequencies, and associated features.

For the latest performance benchmarks and quick reference guide of the AMD Athlon 64 processor, please visit Benchmarks and Quick Reference Guide.

AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor

Model Number Frequency L2 Cache Packaging 4000+ 2.4GHz 1 MB 939-pin 3800+ 2.4GHz 512KB 939-pin 3700+ 2.4GHz 1MB 754-pin 3700+ 2.2GHz 1MB 939-pin Model Numbers 3500+ 2.2GHz 512KB 939-pin 3400+ 2.4GHz 512KB 754-pin 3200+ 2.0GHz 1MB 754-pin 3200+ 2.0GHz 512KB 939-pin 3000+ 2.0GHz 512KB 754-pin 3000+ 1.8GHz 512KB 939-pin

AMD64 Technology Yes

Both 32- & 64-bit computing Yes

L1 Cache (Instruction + Data) 128KB (64KB + 64KB)

L2 Cache 1MB, 512KB

HyperTransport™ Technology Yes, one 16x16 link @ up to 1600 MHz (754-pin) or 2000 MHz (939-pin)

HyperTransport I/O Bandwidth Up to 8 GB/s

Integrated DDR Memory Yes Controller

Memory Controller Width 64-bit (754-pin), or 128-bit (939-pin)

Type of Memory Supported PC3200, PC2700, PC2100 and PC1600 DDR unbuffered memory

Memory Bandwidth Up to 6.4 GB/s

Total Processor-to-system Bandwidth Up to 9.6 GB/s (754-pin) or Up to 14.4 GB/s (939-pin) (HyperTransport plus memory bandwidth)

90 nanometer, Process Technology SOI (silicon-on-insulator) technology

Packaging 754-pin or 939-pin organic micro PGA

Thermal Design Power 67 to 89W

Die Size 84 to 112.9 mm2

Number of Transistors 68.5 to 114 million (depending on cache size)

Manufacturing Site Fab 30 in Dresden, Germany

The Athlon 64 (codenamed "ClawHammer", "Newcastle", "Winchester", "Venice", and "San Diego") represents AMD's entry into the consumer 64-bit market, released on September 23, 2003. This processor is based on the AMD64 architecture. It is AMD's first eighth generation processor core for desktop and mobile computers.

There are three variants: Athlon 64, Athlon 64 FX, and the dual-core . The Athlon 64 FX is positioned as a hardware enthusiast product, always one speed step above the fastest Athlon 64. It is currently a single core product; a dual-core Athlon 64 FX, the FX 60, is planned in the near future. It will span sockets 939 and M2, just as the FX 53 spanned 940 and 939. All of the Athlon 64 FX processors have their multipliers unlocked, and normal Athlon 64s have their multipliers unlocked downward (meaning that users can select any multipliers up to and including the factory-set default one). As an implementation of the AMD64 architecture, all Athlon 64 variants are able to run 32 bit x86, 16 bit, and AMD64 code.

Features

The Athlon 64 features an on-die memory controller, a feature not previously seen on x86 CPUs. Not only does this mean the controller runs at the same clock rate as the CPU itself, it also means the electrical signals have a shorter physical distance to travel compared to the old northbridge interfaces. The result is a significant reduction in latency (response time) for access requests to main memory.

Translation Look-Aside Buffers (TLBs) have also been enlarged, with reduced latencies and improved branch prediction, with four times the number of bimodal counters in the global history counter. This and other architectural enhancements, especially as regards SSE implementation, improve instruction per cycle (IPC) performance over the previous Athlon XP generation. To make this easier for consumers to understand, AMD has chosen to market the Athlon 64 using a PR rating system, where the numbers roughly map to Pentium 4 performance equivalents, rather than actual clock speed.

Athlon 64 also features CPU speed throttling technology branded Cool'n'Quiet. When the user is running undemanding applications and the load on the processor is light, the processor's clock speed and voltage are reduced. This in turn reduces its peak power consumption (max TDP set at 89 W by AMD) to as low as 32 W (stepping C0, clock speed reduced to 800 MHz) or 22W (stepping CG, clock speed reduced to 1 GHz).

The No Execute bit (NX bit) supported by Windows XP Service Pack 2, Windows XP Professional x64 Edition, Windows Server 2003 x64 Edition, and Linux 2.6.8 and higher is also included, for improved protection from malicious buffer overflow security threats. Hardware set permission levels make it much more difficult for malicious code to take control of the system. It is intended to make 64-bit computing a more secure environment.

The Athlon 64 CPUs have been produced with 130 nm and 90 nm SOI process technologies. All of the latest chips (Winchester, Venice and San Diego models) are on 90nm. The Venice and San Diego models also incorporate strained silicon technology co-developed with IBM.

Sockets

• 754: The Athlon 64 value/budget line, 64-bit memory interface (Single-Channel) • 939: Athlon 64 performance line, Athlon 64 X2s, and newer Athlon 64 FXs, 128-bit memory interface ( Dual-channel ) • 940: and old Athlon 64 FX, 128-bit memory interface - requires registered DDR memory • : Opteron. Yet to be Released (ETA 2006), 1207 Pins • Socket M2: Athlon 64/Athlon 64 FX/Athlon 64 X2/ Will replace Sockets 754 and 939 in 2006. 940 Pins (Not compatible with ) and will be the first AMD socket to use DDR2 SDRAM. At the introduction of Athlon 64 in September 2003, only and Socket 940 (Opteron) were ready and available. The onboard memory controller was not capable of running unbuffered (non-registered) memory in dual-channel mode at the time of release; as a stopgap measure, they introduced the Athlon 64 on Socket 754, and brought out a non-multiprocessor version of the Opteron called the Athlon 64 FX, as a multiplier unlocked enthusiast part for Socket 940, comparable to Intel's Pentium 4 Extreme Edition for the high end market.

In June 2004, AMD released as the mainstream Athlon 64 with dual-channel memory interface, leaving Socket 940 solely for the server market (), and relegating Socket 754 as a value/budget line, for and slower versions of the Athlon 64. Eventually Socket 754 replaced for Semprons.

Athlon 64 models

Clawhammer (130 nm SOI)

• CPU-Stepping: C0, CG • L1-Cache: 64 + 64 KB (Data + Instructions) • L2-Cache: 1024 KB, fullspeed • MMX, Extended 3DNow!, SSE, SSE2, AMD64, Cool'n'Quiet, NX Bit (only CG) • Socket 754, 800 MHz HyperTransport (HT800) • Socket 939, 1000 MHz HyperTransport (HT1000) • VCore: 1.50 V • Power Consumption (TDP): 89 Watt max • First Release: September 23, 2003 • Clockrate: 2000 - 2400 MHz

Newcastle (130 nm SOI)

Downlabeled Clawhammer with only 512KB L2-Cache possible, too

• CPU-Stepping: CG • L1-Cache: 64 + 64 KB (Data + Instructions) • L2-Cache: 512 KB, fullspeed • MMX, Extended 3DNow!, SSE, SSE2, AMD64, Cool'n'Quiet, NX Bit • Socket 754, 800 MHz HyperTransport (HT800) • Socket 939, 1000 MHz HyperTransport (HT1000) • VCore: 1.50 V • Power Consumption (TDP): 89 Watt max • First Release: 2004 • Clockrate: 1800 - 2400 MHz

Winchester (90 nm SOI)

• CPU-Stepping: D0 • L1-Cache: 64 + 64 KB (Data + Instructions) • L2-Cache: 512 KB, fullspeed • MMX, Extended 3DNow!, SSE, SSE2, AMD64, Cool'n'Quiet, NX Bit • Socket 939, 1000 MHz HyperTransport (HT1000) • VCore: 1.40 V • Power Consumption (TDP): 67 Watt max • First Release: 2004 • Clockrate: 1800 - 2200 MHz Venice (90 nm SOI)

• CPU-Stepping: E3, E6 • L1-Cache: 64 + 64 KB (Data + Instructions) • L2-Cache: 512 KB, fullspeed • MMX, Extended 3DNow!, SSE, SSE2, SSE3, AMD64, Cool'n'Quiet, NX Bit • Socket 939, 1000 MHz HyperTransport (HT1000) • VCore: 1.35 V or 1.40 V • Power Consumption (TDP): 67 Watt max • First Release: April 4, 2005 • Clockrate: 1800 - 2400 MHz

San Diego (90 nm SOI)

• CPU-Stepping: E4, E6 • L1-Cache: 64 + 64 KB (Data + Instructions) • L2-Cache: 1024 KB, fullspeed • MMX, Extended 3DNow!, SSE, SSE2, SSE3, AMD64, Cool'n'Quiet, NX Bit • Socket 939, 1000 MHz HyperTransport (HT1000) • VCore: 1.35 V or 1.40 V • Power Consumption (TDP): 67 Watt max • First Release: April 15, 2005 • Clockrate: 2200 - 2800 MHz