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The Foreign Policy of the Arab Gulf Monarchies from 1971 to 1990
The Foreign Policy of the Arab Gulf Monarchies from 1971 to 1990 Submitted by René Rieger to the University of Exeter as a thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Middle East Politics in June 2013 This thesis is available for Library use on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from the thesis may be published without proper acknowledgement. I certify that all material in this thesis which is not my own work has been identified and that no material has previously been submitted and approved for the award of a degree by this or any other University. Signature: ………… ………… 2 ABSTRACT This dissertation provides a comparative analysis of the foreign policies of the Arab Gulf monarchies during the period of 1971 to 1990, as examined through two case studies: (1) the Arab Gulf monarchies’ relations with Iran and Iraq and (2) the six states’ positions in the Arab-Israeli conflict. The dissertation argues that, in formulating their policies towards Iran and Iraq, the Arab Gulf monarchies aspired to realize four main objectives: external security and territorial integrity; domestic and regime stability; economic prosperity; and the attainment of a stable subregional balance of power without the emergence of Iran or Iraq as Gulf hegemon. Over the largest part of the period under review, the Arab Gulf monarchies managed to offset threats to these basic interests emanating from Iran and Iraq by alternately appeasing and balancing the source of the threat. The analysis reveals that the Arab Gulf monarchies’ individual bilateral relations with Iran and Iraq underwent considerable change over time and, particularly following the Iranian Revolution, displayed significant differences in comparison to one another. -
Inconsistent U.S. Representation in Saudi Arabia: a Continuing Problem | the Washington Institute
MENU Policy Analysis / PolicyWatch 789 Inconsistent U.S. Representation in Saudi Arabia: A Continuing Problem by Simon Henderson Oct 2, 2003 ABOUT THE AUTHORS Simon Henderson Simon Henderson is the Baker fellow and director of the Bernstein Program on Gulf and Energy Policy at The Washington Institute, specializing in energy matters and the conservative Arab states of the Persian Gulf. Brief Analysis he surprise announcement that Robert Jordan, U.S. ambassador to Saudi Arabia, will leave his post by mid- T October means that Washington will lack an authoritative voice in the kingdom at a crucial time in the war on terror. One State Department official has claimed that Jordan's resignation was for personal reasons and that "Saudi Arabia holds him in the highest regard." Yet, other reports suggest that Jordan's public and semipublic criticisms of the kingdom have annoyed Riyadh. Controversial Remarks In the months since May 12, 2003, when ten Americans were killed in attacks against three expatriate residential compounds in Riyadh, several of Ambassador Jordan's comments have created a stir. Analysts are accustomed to U.S. officials employing a cautious and laudatory approach when publicly describing relations with Saudi Arabia. Hence, many were astonished when, during an interview with CBS News soon after the Riyadh attacks, Jordan stated that Washington's previous requests for increased security at the compounds had been ignored. He made similar comments to the New York Times a day later, this time singling out Crown Prince Abdullah and Saudi foreign minister Prince Saud al-Faisal for praise. By implication, Jordan was pointing the blame in the direction of Interior Minister Prince Nayef, who is in charge of internal security and has a reputation for being difficult. -
Archives This Page Lists the Approximately 1,900 Archival Items
Archives This page lists the approximately 1,900 archival items that are held by the N.E.S.T. Special Collections. The majority of these items are from the Syria Mission of the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions (ABCFM), and later of the Board of Foreign Missions of the Presbyterian Church in the U.S.A. (PCUSA), as well as affiliated institutions, such as the American Mission Press, the Chouir Conference Center, the Gerard Institution, the Anglo-American Church and N.E.S.T. itself. Items range from personal diaries of missionaries, correspondences, institutional records, brochures, school yearbooks, newspapers, pamphlets and stamps. Photographs and maps are listed in separate indexes due to their size, location in the Special Collection Room and descriptive details. The archives of the Syria Mission were originally organized by missionary James Willoughby in 1966, the index of which is archival item 432. Willoughby's arrangement was not preserved during the transference of the N.E.S.T. library to its location on Ras Beirut in 1974. As such, in 2012 a project was initiated under the title Preserving Protestant Heritage in the Middle East (PPHME) with the aim of reorganizing N.E.S.T.’s Special Collections. During the first phase of the PPHME the archival items were indexed according to the order that they were found. As a result, only some items are grouped according to affiliated organization. Part of the next phase of the PPHME project is to organize the archival material into subject areas. As such, each archival item is given a temporary inventory number (as opposed to a more permanent shelf mark). -
2007 Annual Report 2007 by the Numbers
Middle East Institute 2007 Annual Report 2007 By The Numbers MEI Adjunct Scholar 200 million George Harris the potential global speaks to a radio audience reached by audience in Raleigh, North Carolina. MEI through TV ap- pearances and print and online citations. A panel discussion at MEI’s 2007 Annual 600 Conference. record attendance at MEI’s 2007 Annual Conference. Department of Lan- guages and Regional Studies Chairman Over 900 Shukri Abed teaches an Arabic course at students registered for MEI’s MEI. languages and regional studies classes. The Middle East Journal staff works on an issue Every 10 minutes of MEJ. someone in the world down- loaded and read an article from MEJ. MEI Librarian Simon Braune mans the 4x circulation desk at in-house usage of the George the George Camp Camp Keiser Library quadru- Keiser Library. pled. Letter from the President Since its founding in 1946, the Middle East Institute (MEI) has pursued its mission to “promote knowledge of the Middle East in America and strengthen understanding of the United States by the peoples and govern- ments of the region.” The need for MEI is greater than ever. And, so is our impact. MEI strives to promote mutual respect through knowledge and under- standing. MEI’s goal is to expand the dialogue and expose Washington- based opinion leaders to authentic voices from the region itself. To accom- plish this, we brought newsmakers and prominent experts from the region and Europe. This successful formula has become the model for future MEI events. Embracing new technologies helps broaden our “vir- tual” audience. -
Local History of Ethiopia Ba Lakmadobe - Bakyuje © Bernhard Lindahl (2005)
Local History of Ethiopia Ba Lakmadobe - Bakyuje © Bernhard Lindahl (2005) JCL49 Ba Lakmadobe (Ba Lacmadobe) (area) 06/44 [+ WO] see under Kebri Dehar ba magan: magan (O) excrement, shit; (Som) refuge, sanctuary; magaan (Som) slow horse, animal giving very little milk JCE98 Ba Magan (area) 06/44 [WO] baadiye (Som) country JCD58 Baadlei 05°56'/43°18' 264/272 m 05/43 [WO Gz] JDG66 Baakileli (Baachileli) 09/40 [+ WO] baala (O) 1. leaf; 2. feather JBP82 Baalale (seasonal spring) 05°16'/40°55' 05/40 [WO Gz] HCR06 Baanche (Baance) 1495 m 07/37 [+ WO] baar (O) sea, ocean HES57 Baarna Abbo, see Seketati JDG86 Baasu Ale (area) 09/40 [WO] HDB89 Baata 08/36 [WO] HFF81 Baati (Ba'ati) 14°18'/39°28' 2545 m 14/39 [Gz] Baati, north-east of Adigrat baba: babba (A) be afraid baabba (O) finished, all gone /mostly said to children/ HEE79 Baba, see Aba Wat HEL92 Baba 12°36'/38°41' 2077 m 12/38 [Gz] JDJ27 Baba, G. (area) 09/42 [WO] HCG67 Babaka, see Bebeka HCC70 Babat 06°05'/36°38' 2554 m, south of Bulki 06/36 [Gz] HCR63 Babbia (forest = Cossa forest?), see Saso Den Babbo, some Oromo claim descent from a man with this name; babbo (Som) flutter in the wind; babbo alon (O) big bird HD... Babbo 10/36? [x] A female Evangelical teacher in the village of Babbo in Wellega, in the 1940s, had been the wife of the eldest son of a medicine man, qalicha, by name Abba Terso who was active in Challya. -
Transcript Prepared from a Tape Recording.]
1 THE BROOKINGS INSTITUTION SABAN CENTER FOR MIDDLE EAST POLICY TOWARD A NEW IRAN POLICY A SABAN CENTER SYMPOSIUM Tuesday, November 23, 2004 The Brookings Institution 1775 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W. Washington, D.C. MILLER REPORTING CO., INC. 735 8th STREET, S.E. WASHINGTON, D.C. 20003-2802 (202) 546-6666 2 [TRANSCRIPT PREPARED FROM A TAPE RECORDING.] MILLER REPORTING CO., INC. 735 8th STREET, S.E. WASHINGTON, D.C. 20003-2802 (202) 546-6666 3 A G E N D A Introductory Remarks Martin Indyk, Saban Center at the Brookings Institution Opening Address "U.S. Policy Toward Iran in a Second Bush Administration" Danielle Pletka, American Enterprise Institute Panel 1: Iran's Foreign Policy and Motives Moderator: Shaul Bakhash, Saban Center at the Brookings Institution Ray Takeyh, Council on Foreign Relations M. Hadi Semati, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace Panel 2: The Lay of the Land: The Threat from Iran and the International Perspective Moderator: Martin Indyk, Saban Center at the Brookings Institution Daniel Byman, Saban Center at the Brookings Institution David Kay, former head of the Iraq Survey Group Philip Gordon, The Brookings Institution Lunch Address "An Alternative Approach to Iran" Ken Pollack, Saban Center at the Brookings Institution MILLER REPORTING CO., INC. 735 8th STREET, S.E. WASHINGTON, D.C. 20003-2802 (202) 546-6666 4 P R O C E E D I N G S INTRODUCTORY REMARKS MR. INDYK: Welcome to the Saban Center for Middle East Policy at the Brookings Institution and to the symposium that we are hosting today entitled "Towards a New Iran Policy." We've gathered a group of experts on Iran and on U.S. -
ASTENE Bulletin He Was Able to Remember All His His Four Children Remember Norman Working on Colleagues and His Old Interests
ASTENE ASSOCIATION FOR THE STUDY OF TRAVEL IN EGYPT AND THE NEAR EAST BULLETIN NOTES AND QUERIES Number 43 : Spring 2010 Bulletin43.indd 1 15/8/10 22:10:51 Bulletin : Notes and Queries Number 43 : Spring 2010 ASTENE News and Events 1 Magee, Janine Bourriau and Stephen Quirke Obituary: Norman N. Lewis (1919–2010) Saddling the Dogs: Journeys through Egypt and Harry James Remembered the Near East, ed. Diane Fortenberry and ASTENE Spring Event: Travellers in Cyprus Deborah Manley ASTENE AGM Travelling Through the Deserts of Egypt from 450 ASTENE/OUDCE Study Day: Near Eastern BC to the Twentieth Century, ed. Sahar Abdel- Monasteries and Western Travellers Hakim and Deborah Manley ASTENE Pre-Study Day Evening Event & Dinner The Arabs: A History, by Eugene Rogan ASTENE Mini-Conference, Corfu Town Edward William Lane: The Life of the Pioneering Disraeli in Albania ASTENE/OUDCE Study Day: Byron’s Journeys to Egyptologist and Orientalist, by Jason Greece Thompson The Maria Theresa Thaler Guest Editors for the Summer Bulletin Research Resources 20 ereader / ebooks for Research Other Events 7 Bonhams Museums and Exhibitions The National Archives Conferences, Lectures and Talks The Turkish Area Study Group Courses and Study Days Where Are They Buried? Travel Opportunities Correction: Howard Carter’s House in Luxor Books and Reviews 12 Queries and Replies 22 Edward Lear: Egyptian Sketches, by Jenny Gaschke Footprints 26 Twelve Days in Persia: Across the Mountains with the Bakhtiari Tribe, by Vita Sackville-West, and Travelling the Incense Route: From Arabia to the Levant in the Footsteps of the Magi, by Barbara Toy Scriptural Geography: Portraying the Holy Land, by Edwin James Aiken Sitting Beside Lepsius: Studies in Honour of Jaromir Malek at the Griffith Institute, ed. -
A Barren Legacy? the Arabian Desert As Trope in English Travel Writing, Post-Thesiger
A Barren Legacy? The Arabian Desert as Trope in English Travel Writing, Post-Thesiger Jenny Owen A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of Nottingham Trent University for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy March 2020 Note on Copyright This work is the intellectual property of the author. You may copy up to 5% of this work for private study, or personal, non-commercial research. Any re-use of the information contained within this document should be fully referenced, quoting the author, title, university, degree level and pagination. Queries or requests for any other use, or if a more substantial copy is required, should be directed to the owner of the Intellectual Property Rights. Contents Abstract ....................................................................................................................... 3 Acknowledgements ..................................................................................................... 4 Introduction: Arabia, the Land of Legend ................................................................ 5 Locating Arabia ................................................................................................... 11 Studying Arabia as a country of the mind ............................................................. 18 The Lawrence and Thesiger legacy ...................................................................... 22 Mapping the thesis: an outline of the chapters ...................................................... 27 1. In Literary Footsteps: The Prevalence of -
President's Report
2015 PRESIDENT'S REPORT TABLE OF CONTENTS 2 MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT 4 SPECIAL FEATURE: MODEL UNITED NATIONS 5 UPDATES FROM LAU’S CONSTITUENT SCHOOLS A. School of Arts and Sciences B. School of Architecture and Design C. Adnan Kassar School of Business D. School of Engineering E. Health Sciences Education at LAU 22 NURTURING OUR STUDENTS A. Financial Aid B. Advising and Emotional Well-Being C. Spreading their Wings Outside the Classroom D. After LAU — Ensuring our Students’ Futures 26 POSTCARD FROM NEW YORK 27 EDUCATION OUTSIDE THE WALLS A. SINARC B. The Division of Continuing Education Program (CEP@LAU) C. Outreach and Leadership Academy (OLA) 29 REGIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL PARTNERSHIPS A. University Enterprise Office B. Exchange Programs 30 INSTITUTES AND CENTERS A. Institute for Women’s Studies in the Arab World B. Celebrating Lebanese Heritage 31 OUTREACH AND CIVIC ENGAGEMENT (OCE) 32 LAU'S ATHLETICS 33 INSTITUTIONAL BACKBONE A. Libraries B. Fostering Institutional Research: DIRA C. Technological Leaps Forward D. Human Resources — We Couldn’t Do Without Them E. A World-Class Learning Environment 36 ADVANCING LAU ON ALL FRONTS A. Cultivating Friendships B. Keeping Up with Alumni C. Trumpeting our Successes 40 LOOKING AHEAD 41 FINANCIAL REPORT A. Going Forward — Maintaining Financial Wellbeing B. The Overall Picture 44 BOARD LEADERSHIP 45 PRESIDENT'S FUND 47 CONTRIBUTORS 2014 - 2015 57 FUNDS, SCHOLARSHIPS AND DONATIONS 64 HISTORICAL TIMELINE 2 MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT Dear Friends of LAU, Once more I am pleased to present you with my annual report detailing LAU’s successes over the past academic year. As you know, Lebanon is living through a difficult period. -
UNIVERISITY of CALIFORNIA, IRVINE the Petrodollar Era And
UNIVERISITY OF CALIFORNIA, IRVINE The Petrodollar Era and Relations between the United States and the Middle East and North Africa, 1969-1980 DISSERTATION submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in History by David M. Wight Dissertation Committee: Professor Emily S. Rosenberg, chair Professor Mark LeVine Associate Professor Salim Yaqub 2014 © 2014 David M. Wight DEDICATION To Michelle ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page LIST OF FIGURES iv LIST OF TABLES v ACKNOWLEDGMENTS vi CURRICULUM VITAE vii ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION x INTRODUCTION 1 CHAPTER 1: The Road to the Oil Shock 14 CHAPTER 2: Structuring Petrodollar Flows 78 CHAPTER 3: Visions of Petrodollar Promise and Peril 127 CHAPTER 4: The Triangle to the Nile 189 CHAPTER 5: The Carter Administration and the Petrodollar-Arms Complex 231 CONCLUSION 277 BIBLIOGRAPHY 287 iii LIST OF FIGURES Page Figure 1.1 Sectors of the MENA as Percentage of World GNI, 1970-1977 19 Figure 1.2 Selected Countries as Percentage of World GNI, 1970-1977 20 Figure 1.3 Current Account Balances of the Non-Communist World, 1970-1977 22 Figure 1.4 Value of US Exports to the MENA, 1946-1977 24 Figure 5.1 US Military Sales Agreements per Fiscal Year, 1970-1980 255 iv LIST OF TABLES Page Table 2.1 Net Change in Deployment of OPEC’s Capital Surplus, 1974-1976 120 Table 5.1 US Military Sales Agreements per Fiscal Year, 1970-1980 256 v ACKNOWLEDGMENTS It is a cliché that one accumulates countless debts while writing a monograph, but in researching and writing this dissertation I have come to learn the depth of the truth of this statement. -
The Foreign Service Journal, October 1965
,'////. ■‘Smagfc/A W wwMwwm W0%WW«WwMwyM; 'fas/''. w/am rTJ v/Kw % \# J H V H '//mfflM f§Wmw0Mm / /, v.-//As,'ify j&m. Are your Friends abreast of new Service Trends & of F oreign places—of Life Overseas in the Sixties? Subscribe for them now! Keep them up-to-date, \oumal And save Correspondence time, for less than ten cents a week. Please enter a JOURNAL subscription for 1 year, $6.00, to be sent to: (Gift Subscriptions from AFSA members, $5.00) (NAME) (ADDRESS) FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL, 815-17th St., N.W., Washington, D. C. 20006 FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE ASSOCIATION AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE ASSOCIATION The Foreign Service JOURNAL is the professional Journal of the American Foreign Service and is published by the American Foreign Service Association, SAMUEL D. BERCER, President a non-profit private organization. Material appearing herein represents the MURAT W. WILLIAMS, Vice President opinions of the writers and is not intended to indicate the official views of the JULIAN F. HARRINGTON, General Manager Department of State, the United States Information Agency, the Agency for International Development or the Foreign Service as a whole. BARBARA P. CHALMERS, Executive Secretary CLARKE SLADE, Educational Consultant JEAN M. CHISHOLM, Personal Purchases BOARD OF DIRECTORS W. T. M. BEALE, Chairman October, 1965 KEITH E. ADAMSON, Vice Chairman contents Vol. 42, No. 10 BENJAMIN WEINER, Secretary-Treasurer NUEL L, PAZDRAL, Asst. Secretary-Treasurer ROBERT B. BLACK PATRICIA M. BVRNE page DAVID H. MCKILLOP FRANK V. ORTIZ, JR. 17 BREAKING THE LANGUAGE BARRIER WILLIAM T. -
United Arab Emirates
UNITED ARAB EMIRATES COUNTRY READER TABLE OF CONTENTS Brooks Wrampelmeier 1968-1974 Arabian Peninsula Affairs, Washington, DC William A. Stoltzfus 1972-1976 Ambassador to UAE, Kuwait François M. Dickman 1972-1976 Arabian Peninsula Country Director, Washington, DC Michael E. Sterner 1974-1976 Ambassador, United Arab Emirates François M. Dickman 1976-1979 Ambassador, United Arab Emirates Brooks Wrampelmeier 1977-1980 Deputy Chief of Mission, Abu Dhabi William D. Wolle 1979-1981 Ambassador, United Arab Emirates Brooks Wrampelmeier 1982-1984 Deputy Director/Office Director, Arabian Peninsula Affairs, Washington, DC George Quincey Lumsden 1982-1986 Ambassador, United Arab Emirates David M. Ransom 1983-1985 Deputy Chief of Mission, Abu Dhabi Marjorie Ransom 1983-1985 Public Affairs Officer, USIS, Abu Dhabi Andrea Farsakh 1983-1985 Political Officer, Abu Dhabi Michael J. Varga 1985-1987 Consular Officer, Dubai David L. Mack 1986-1989 Ambassador, United Arab Emirates William A. Rugh 1992-1995 Ambassador, United Arab Emirates George Quincey Lumsden 1994-1997 General Manager; Gulf South Asia Gas Project, United Arab Emirates BROOKS WRAMPELMEIER Arabian Peninsula Affairs Washington, DC (1968-1974) 1 Brooks Wrampelmeier was born in Ohio in 1934. He received his bachelor’s degree from Princeton University in 1956. His career has included positions in Beirut, Amman, Jeddah, Lusaka, Abu Dhabi, Kuwait, and Dhahran. Mr. Wrampelmeier was interviewed by Charles Stuart Kennedy in March 2000. Q: I would have thought there would have been a certain conflict from your perspective of Saudi Arabia and Iran, which was our major ally, on the Persian Gulf because the Iranians had claims or eyes, at least, on some of the Gulf states and off shore islands.