The Story of Lottie Moon by Cathy Butler Woman’S Missionary Union, SBC P
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The Story of Lottie Moon By Cathy Butler Woman’s Missionary Union, SBC P. O. Box 830010 Birmingham, AL 35283-0010 For more information, visit our Web site at www.wmu.com or call 1-800-968-7301. ©2004 by Woman’s Missionary Union, SBC All rights reserved. First printing 2004 Printed in the United States of America Woman’s Missionary Union® and WMU® are registered trademarks. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means—electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise—without the prior written permission of the publisher. Dewey Decimal Classification: 266.092 Subject Heading: MOON, CHARLOTTE DIGGES (LOTTIE) MISSIONS—CHINA ISBN: 1-56309-862-8 W043107•1004•2.5M1 CONTENTS Author’s Note ............................................... 4 Cast of Characters ............................................ 5 Introduction ................................................ 8 Chapter 1: Arrival ............................................ 9 Chapter 2: Sink or Swim...................................... 15 Chapter 3: Country Work..................................... 20 Chapter 4: Eddie............................................ 24 Chapter 5: A Quarrel Between Brothers .......................... 30 Chapter 6: Home to China .................................... 35 Chapter 7: First Claim ....................................... 40 Chapter 8: The Younger Generation ............................. 45 Chapter 9: T. P. Crawford ..................................... 48 Chapter 10: P’ingtu.......................................... 52 Chapter 11: A Thousand Lives ................................. 57 Chapter 12: Furlough ........................................ 64 Chapter 13: Gospel Mission Troubles ............................ 68 Chapter 14: Boxer Rebellion ................................... 72 Chapter 15: Schools, Again .................................... 77 Chapter 16: Famine ......................................... 83 Chapter 17: Kobe Harbor ..................................... 90 Epilogue: The Tengchow Church Remembers Forever................ 94 THE STORY OF LOTTIE MOON 3 AUTHOR’S NOTE This book is not the result of new, original research into Lottie Moon’s life, and was not meant to be. Exhaustive research has already been done by, among others, Catherine Allen. Her book, The New Lottie Moon Story, is the main source for this retelling of Lottie Moon’s life. Another invaluable source for Lottie Moon study is Send the Light, a collection of the missionary’s own writings, edited by Keith Harper. It is hoped that this story of Lottie Moon’s life, told as narrative, will help introduce her to a new audience of Christians. Since it is narrative nonfiction, or story, some will wonder, is it historically accurate? The answer is—as much as possible. Lottie Moon’s letters are quoted exactly as given in The New Lottie Moon Story and Send the Light. The author has attempted to portray Lottie’s relationships with fellow missionaries, her family, and the Chinese as they actually were, according to Lottie Moon scholars. The descriptions of schools and country work are taken directly from Lottie’s own writings. But, to move the story forward, some things were condensed. The description of Lottie’s day in chapter 2 is not the depiction of one actual day, but a composite of many experiences and duties Lottie had on a daily basis—visiting, being questioned, learning the language, being called a foreign devil. The descriptions of homes, landscapes, and other physical surroundings all come from Lottie’s own writing. To her credit and our benefit, she had a gift for descriptive writing, which she used to make Southern Baptists “see” her China. With that said, all credit for the information on Lottie Moon should go to Catherine Allen and Keith Harper for their excellent work, and any mistakes are mine. THE STORY OF LOTTIE MOON 4 CAST OF CHARACTERS Lottie and her family and friends Charlotte Digges Moon, known as Lottie. Born December 12, 1840, to Anna Maria and Edward Harris Moon at Viewmont, Virginia. She went to China in the autumn of 1873 and became Southern Baptists’ best known and best loved missionary. Died Christmas Eve 1912. Edmonia Harris Moon, known as Eddie, was the youngest Moon child and preceded her sister as a China missionary. She left the field after only a few years due to physical and emotional problems, but her presence in China cushioned Lottie’s entry into the missions field. Anna Maria Moon, mother of Lottie Moon and several other children. Anna Maria was a devout Baptist and taught her children to take their faith seriously. Edward Harris Moon, father of Lottie, master of Viewmont estate. Like his wife, Anna Maria, he was a devout Christian and a tremendous support to his church. He died while on a business trip when Lottie was 13. Orianna Moon Andrews, oldest Moon daughter. Orie, as she was known, became a doctor and worked as a surgeon for the Confederacy during the Civil War. She and her husband later settled in north Alabama and had a number of sons. One of these, Luther Andrews, became a frequent correspondent of his aunt Lottie. Isaac Moon, Lottie’s brother, who settled in Virginia as a schoolteacher. Lottie was buried beside him in Crewe, Virginia. Mary “Mollie” Moon Shepherd, Lottie’s sister, died in October 1876 while her sisters were returning from China. Her daughter, Mamie, was Lottie’s only niece. Colie Moon, another Moon sibling, worked as a counter for the US Treasury Department. Tom Moon, oldest Moon son, a doctor who died of a fever while ministering to patients during an epidemic. Lottie promised his wife that if anything happened to her, she would look after Tom’s son. It was not until she was released from this promise that Lottie felt free to pursue missions in China. Crawford H. Toy, a brilliant scholar and one of Lottie’s professors. He and Lottie became friends and later planned to marry while Lottie was a North China missionary. She apparently broke off their engagement, saying only that the call of God came first in her life. Foreign Mission Board staff Dr. Henry A. Tupper, recording secretary (now known as president) from February 1872 to June 1893. He was a strong advocate of women in missions and a good friend to Lottie. THE STORY OF LOTTIE MOON 5 Dr. Robert J. Willingham succeeded Tupper as leader of the Foreign Mission Board and was still recording secretary at Lottie’s death. Lottie’s fellow missionaries W. W. Adams was mentored by Lottie when he came to Tengchow as a young missionary. He married Floy White, a WMU Training School graduate. Lottie “adopted” this young couple and was greatly loved and admired by them. Dr. T. W. Ayers felt called to China after hearing of the deaths of two of the Pruitts’ children. Lottie became a family friend. Harry Ayers knew Lottie Moon when he was a teenager in North China with his family. He traveled back to America with Lottie as a chaperone. Later a successful journalist, he credited much of his education and worldview to Lottie’s teaching. Martha Crawford was the wife of T. P. Crawford and an energetic evangelist to Chinese women. She was well respected and loved by Southern Baptists, and by Lottie. T. P. Crawford was the senior missionary at Tengchow when Lottie and Eddie arrived. A hardworking missionary, he feuded for years with Hartwell, and eventually broke with the Foreign Mission Board to begin the Gospel Mission movement. Anna Hartwell, missionary and daughter of J. B. Hartwell, undertook schoolwork in the Tengchow area and had a long, honored missionary career. J. B. Hartwell was constantly at odds with T. P. Crawford. When reappointed to North China, he became a longtime co-worker and friend of Lottie’s. He began the first Southern Baptist church in North China. Dr. T. O. Hearn cared for Lottie during her last illness. Sallie Holmes helped teach Lottie about evangelistic work in villages. Left the missions field finally to take her son Landrum home to the US for his education, and for health reasons. Fannie Knight, the missionary upon whom Lottie pinned her hopes of continuing the important work in P’ingtu and the interior, abandoned her role with the Foreign Mission Board when she married a Gospel Mission missionary. She died shortly after her wedding. Mr. and Mrs. Mateer, Presbyterian missionaries and friends of Lottie and other North China Baptist missionaries, were instrumental in early Christian work in the area. Jessie Pettigrew was the missionary nurse called in when the Mission first realized Lottie was seriously ill. She was the first trained nurse ever appointed by the Foreign Mission Board, and worked at the Baptist hospital in Hwanghsien. C. W. Pruitt, one of the younger generation of Shantung missionaries, was Lottie’s beloved and trusted co-worker. He married Ida Tiffany, a Presbyterian missionary who died two years THE STORY OF LOTTIE MOON 6 after their marriage. In 1888 he married another Presbyterian missionary, Anna Seward, and with her had several children. Anna Safford was Lottie’s partner in running a girls’ school in Cartersville, Georgia. A Presbyterian, she also went to China to serve as a missionary. The two made a point to visit and support each other’s efforts whenever possible. Cynthia Wilson, missionary nurse who attended Lottie in her last illness. Lottie’s Chinese co-workers Mrs. Lan provided a schoolroom for one of Lottie’s day schools. It was at her home village that Lottie and Eddie had their first experience in establishing village worship services. Mrs. Kiang, a Bible woman supported by the Tengchow Baptist Woman’s Missionary Society, who went with Lottie frequently to visit and evangelize in the city. Mr. Chiang, Lottie’s longtime Chinese language teacher and the leading deacon of her church. He was invaluable in handling business matters for the Mission. Pastor Li was one of North China’s greatest evangelists. Mentored by several male missionaries, he nevertheless always remembered Miss Moon as his first teacher in the faith. Mr. Mung, a deacon who helped with conducting services and evangelism.