Master Evolution, Natural Heritage, and Societies Education Rooted in a Museum’S Mission

Home , Jean Monnet University, Sorbonne University

MASTER EVOLUTION, NATURAL HERITAGE, AND SOCIETIES EDUCATION ROOTED IN A MUSEUM’S MISSION

AT THE INTERSECTION OF EARTH, LIFE, SOCIAL, AND HUMAN SCIENCES, THE MUSEUM HAS BEEN DEVOTED TO NATURAL HISTORY FOR NEARLY FOUR CENTURIES. THE INSTITUTION AIMS TO BETTER UNDERSTAND THE DYNAMIC OF BIODIVERSITY IN THE PAST AND PRESENT IN ORDER TO ANTICIPATE THE FUTURE CONTRIBUTING TO SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT THROUGH FOSTERING RESPONSIBLE MANAGEMENT OF RESOURCES AND ECOSYSTEMS, AND SPREADING KNOWLEDGE TO EVERYONE. © M.N.H.N. - M. Tengberg - M. © M.N.H.N. STUDY AT THE MUSEUM MASTER’S IN EVOLUTION, NATURAL HERITAGE, AND SOCIETIES – ENHS

TARGET SKILLS

The Master’s program trains researchers, experts, and professionals in 4 fields. — Description, inventory, and the historical interpretation of natural entities; — Evolution and dynamics of living processes from the molecular or genomic level to the scale of biotopes; — Human evolutionary and cultural history, past and present relationships between societies, spaces, and ecosystems — Diffusion of knowledge to the general public

ONE DEGREE IN 6 SPECIALTIES

— Ecology, Biodiversity, Evolution (EBE) — Environment: Natural and Social Dynamics (EDTS) — Living and Environmental Mechanisms (MVE) — Museology, Sciences, Culture and Societies (MSCS) — Quaternary and Prehistory(QP) — Systematics, Evolution, Paleontology(SEP) © M.N.H.N. - M. Tengberg - M. © M.N.H.N. © M.N.H.N. - K. Joaquina - K. © M.N.H.N.

HIGH GRADUATE EMPLOYABILITY

Graduates seeking employment benefit greatly from the establishment’s professional and scientific networks

Rate of employment at 83 %*

14% Employed

Doctoral Studies 3% 45% Continuing Studies

Other (unemployed, travelling, volunteering)

38%

*Survey carried out 36 months after graduation (promotion 2013-14)) INNOVATIVE TEACHING

An important part of the program focuses on practical experience through: — Conservation projects and management of natural heritage related to the Museum’s sites and collections (including its living collections); — Expert consulting and the diffusion of scientific knowledge — Workshops in advanced technologies (NMR analysis, pro- teomics, RNA interference, microscopy, mass spectrometry, etc.) © M.N.H.N. - K. Joaquina - K. © M.N.H.N. — Field work Learning through individual and group projects is encouraged throughout the program.

Digital materials allow students to enrich their understanding and open their horizons through : - An online teaching platform (htttp://edu.mnhn.fr) where courses and documents are offered related to the Museum’s research themes - A video channel (https://www.canal-u.tv/producteurs/mnhn/) gathering hundreds of conferences and interviews.

OPENNESS TO THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY

With several international partnerships (3 Erasmus Mundus Masters’ programs, participation in the Erasmus + program through 11 inter-institutional agreements and intensive Erasmus + programs), and approximately one hundred research cooperation agreements, the Museum offers students the possibility to travel abroad during their studies in Europe and to other continents. 20 to 30% of the student body is composed of international students hosted by the Museum (Campus France compliant). ORGANIZATION OF TEACHING

S1 COMMON CORE SPECIALTY COURSES

S2 SPECIALTY COURSES FIELD INTERNSHIPS AND TEACHING (according to the specialty)

S3 ENGLISH SPECIALTY COURSES

S4 INTERNSHIP/MASTER’S THESIS © M.N.H.N. - M. Tengberg - M. © M.N.H.N. — Common Core Interdisciplinary courses (12-15 ECTS S1 according to specialty) : —Current societal issues related to the environment, development, global change, epistemology, and naturalist theories — Statistics — Natural and cultural heritage law — Scientific English or French (for foreign students) — Fundamental concepts courses for each specialty (15-18 ECTS) and study trip for the majority of specialties

— Professional/Research orientation through student selected S2 courses — Internship & report in direct relationship with the field (in France or abroad), heritage or scientific activity

S3 — Specialized courses

S4 — Internship/Preparation for the Master’s Thesis (Mémoire)

STUDENT LIFE

Thanks to its small class-sizes, the Museum program offers students opportunities for personalization throughout their studies allowing them to participate in a dynamic scientific community, and orient themselves towards research, heritage protection or disseminating information to the public.

Cultural and athletic activities are offered. The Student Office for Doctoral and Master’s Students (BDEM) is also an important part of student life. Finally, the student card distributed at enrollment gives the user access to numerous services (libraries, photocopies, dining facilities…). © M.N.H.N. - M. Tengberg - M. © M.N.H.N. CAREER OPPORTUNITIES EBE Positions : Researchers in fundamental ecology or conservation biology, supervisors for biodiversity conservation, project managers for ecological engineering missions, and expert consulting in ecology. Specialty Sectors : administration, public laboratories, regional authorities, associations, research groups, conservatories, protected species, pri- ECOLOGY vate companies.

BIODIVERSITY CONCENTRATIONS

EVOLUTION Functional and Evolutionary Ecology (EFEV) - The study of ecological and evolutionary mechanisms of biodiversity dynamics in complex and changing environments, as well as the relationship between ecosystems and the changing global environment. This concentration also includes the study of mathematical modeling developed to formalize and understand observed data (natural or experimental): existing theories and methodological tools.

Conservation Ecology and Ecological Engineering: Research and Expertise (CIRE) - Study conservation biology and the functions of biodiversity at all scales: modeling, monitoring, data analysis, and human interaction with biodiversity. Study strategies for bringing an ecological system to its desired state, impact studies, and implementation of indicators to measure the ecological system.

Conservation Ecology and Ecological Engineering: Research and Expertise (CIRE) –Study conservation biology and the functions of biodiversity at all scales: modeling, monitoring, data analysis, and human interaction with biodiversity. Study strategies for bringing an © M.N.H.N. - P. Lafaite - P. © M.N.H.N. ecological system to its desired state, impact studies, and implementation of indicators to measure the ecological system.

The EBE specialty trains Teaching is heavily science-based looking at biodiversity conservation researchers and experts and ecological engineering concepts that can be employed in research or professional internships. capable of understanding and resolving ecological This concentration includes the Expert in Flora and Fauna sub- problems through an concentration, inventory and indicators of biodiversity (E2F). It trains acute knowledge of professional experts in applied flora and fauna inventory for study and evolution, living-beings, monitoring of natural spaces. their interactions with the environment, and the ORGANIZATION function of ecosystems. M1S1 : At MNHN, common core coursework + 3 teaching units (UE) of fundamental training.

M1S2 : Mandatory units on population genetics + 3 selected units and a 2-month laboratory internship.

M2S1 : Choice of concentration. Theoretical teaching and approximately forty units to choose from.

M2S2 : 4- or 6-month internship according to the student’s career path after the Master’s and the host institution’s structure (laboratory or other professional establishment).

PARTNERSHIPS

Joint program with Sorbonne University (SU), the University of Paris- Orsay South (UPS), the Ecole Normale Supérieure (ENS), and AgroParisTech

DIRECTORS

Alexandre Robert : [email protected] E2F sub-concentration : Bruno de Reviers : [email protected]

Menu E2F : Bruno de Reviers : [email protected] CARRER OPPORTUNITIES EDTS Careers in research and higher education Access to PhD positions after the 2nd year of Master’s study (M2).

Specialty Careers in the environment and sustainable development - Regional and local authorities, public and private establishments, research groups in territorial, environmental, and agricultural planning. ENVIRONMENT : - NGOs and non-profit organizations (environment, development, reco- gnition of local communities, biodiversity and landscape preservation) NATURAL AND - Protected areas and natural resource management (National Forestry Office (ONF), National Hunting and Wildlife Agency (ONCFS)) SOCIAL DYNAMICS - Semi-public, private and cooperative companies within the environmental and food/agricultural sectors.

CONCENTRATIONS

EDTS includes 4 concentrations: - Anthropology of the Environment (AE, M1 and M2) - Geodynamics of Past and Present Spaces (GEODEP, M1 and M2) - Agroecology, Societies, Territories (AST, M2) - Development, Biodiversity and Territorial Development (DEBATs, M2)

ORGANIZATION

In M1, students examine basic theory and methodology of environmental anthropology (AE) and geography of the environment (GEODEP), as well as complementary disciplines. © M.N.H.N. - T. Lemaitre T. - © M.N.H.N. In M2, after an introduction to interdisciplinary approaches, students orient themselves towards : - the concentrations AE (ethno-ecology, local knowledge, conservation The EDTS specialty trains anthropology), AST (food systems, science-technology-societies, agro- researchers and supervisors biodiversity) or GEODEP (hydroclimatic variability, risks, and geohe- for environmental and ritage), - the professional concentration (DEBATs) which aims to understand the territorial planning dynamics of territorial projects (conception and direction within varied careers. They are able to socio-cultural contexts) and includes a continuing education course for understand the complex urban planning professionals (URBABIO). relationships that human societies form with their The year finishes with a research or professional internship (all 4 concentrations) or by a group project in local development (DEBATs). natural environment and analyze them from a PARTNERSHIPS sustainable development perspective. After Joint program with two university partners, Sorbonne University and immersion in environmental AgroParisTech, and a partnership in M2 with the UNESCO Chair anthropology or geography Programme, Integrated Territorial Planning and Development. of the environment 1 Erasmus Master, Dynamics of Cultural Landscapes and Heritage during M1, M2 offers an Management (DYCLAM, www.dyclam.eu), Jean Monnet University interdisciplinary approach - Saint-Étienne (France), Instituo politécnico de Tomar (Portugal), to environmental issues Universität Stuttgart (Germany) and Universita degli Studi di Napoli that integrates human Federico II (Italy) and social sciences, agricultural sciences, DIRECTORS and ecological sciences Serge Bahuchet : [email protected], in order to clarify the Richard Dumez : [email protected] relationship between Master Erasmus + DYCLAM : Richard Dumez, [email protected] societies and nature. M1 EDTS – concentration AE : Hélène Artaud, [email protected] M2 EDTS – concentration AE : Julien Blanc, [email protected] M2 EDTS – concentration DEBATs : Nathalie Machon, nathalie.machon@ mnhn.fr EDTS – concentration AST : François Léger,[email protected] EDTS – concentration GEODEP : Marianne Cohen, marianne.cohen@paris-sorbonne.fr CAREER OPPORTUNITIES MVE Functions : Careers in fundamental research, research and development, and consultancy highlighting : - the diversity of life (molecular and cellular biology, organisms’ adaptation mechanisms, and functional ecology in our current environment) ; Specialty - the production of molecules used for health purposes and sustainable chemistry; LIVING AND - microbiology of the environment, ecotoxicology, environmental sur- veillance, decontamination, and risk evaluation services. Sectors: administration, public laboratories, private laboratories, envi- ENVIRONMENTAL ronmental research and consultancy for companies.

MECANISMS CONCENTRATIONS

MVE includes 2 concentrations : The Therapeutic Targets and Molecules (MCT) concentration offers extensive training at the interface of biology and chemistry, with courses focused on: - chemical variety in the molecular structures of natural substances and their biological function; - methods for analyzing these structures: uses of natural substances for therapeutic purposes and biotechnologies; - the study of therapeutic targets; - the mechanisms to medication resistance; - research on therapeutic targets through high-throughput methods.

The Microbiology-Environment-Health (MCT) concentration positions itself at the interface of microorganisms and the environment and aims to respond to the needs of academic laboratories and companies dealing with fundamental research in microbiology, the increased use of © M.N.H.N. - P. Lafaite - P. © M.N.H.N. microorganisms in industry, eco-technologies, the evaluation of sani- tary risks and of ecotoxicology as well as environmental diagnostics and analyses of human impacts. The MVE specialty allows students to discover the ORGANIZATION mechanisms governing M1S1 : 15 ECTS of the MNHN Master’s common core coursework, 15 the extraordinary unity ECTS of MVE specialty courses of which 9 ECTS are open to EBE or and diversity of life (from SEP students molecules to organisms) M1S2 : 30 ECTS of MVE specialty courses of which 9 ECTS are a in environments under laboratory internship (2 months) and at least 3 ECTS in workshops. multiple sources of pressure. M2S3 : 2 possible concentrations, MCT or MES, 30 ECTS of which six are shared. In M2, two concentrations M2S4 : 5-month laboratory internship for both concentrations, are offered. One, oriented earning 30 ECTS. toward the environment, looks at the relationships PARTNERSHIPS between health and the environment (responses to Both concentrations M2-MCT and M2-MES are offered in partnership with Sorbonne University. toxic substances, molecule/ Numerous partnerships for student internships (MNHN, CNRS, INRA, target relationships, and the IFREMER, ANSES, IRSTEA, start-ups in biotechnology, internships use of natural substances) as abroad, ERASMUS and outside Europe). well as the role of microorganisms in ecosystems: DIRECTORS the second, oriented toward Isabelle Florent the diversity of molecules M1-MVE : Fabrice Girardot (natural substances, proteins, M2-MES : Cécile Bernard nucleic acids), takes on M2-MCT : Séverine Zirah molecular pharmacology, [email protected] its therapeutic role, and the diversity of targets in different pathological contexts. CAREER OPPORTUNITIES MSCS Research and Higher Education careers State and Regional Cultural Institutions : cultural projects Careers in Museum and Cultural Organizations (exhibition curator, study and research leaders in museum and heritage institutions, cultu- Specialty ral development project managers).

MUSEOLOGY For more than 10 years, this specialty has offered training for the He- ritage Curator competitive examination in “Scientific, Technological SCIENCES and Natural Heritage (PSTN) in partnership with the Arts and Metiers Museum. CULTURE AND SOCIETIES — CONCENTRATIONS The program is structured around a common base of knowledge in MUSEOLOGY the first year and offers progressive specialization towards a professional or research Master’s. OF SCIENCES ORGANIZATION

M1 : Fundamental Museology courses + practical internship in a museum structure (2 months) + Report M2 : Specialization courses + choice of concentration Research-R or Professional-P + internship R or P (4 to 6 months) + Mémoire (Master’s thesis).

The specialty is made up of lecture courses, small group and works- hop courses (TD/TP), visits to Museum structures, and seminars with professionals from the sector. © M.N.H.N. - P. Lafaite - P. © M.N.H.N. PARTNERSHIPS

This specialty brings together the skills of researching-professors from This specialty is a thorough the Museum, the IRD and the CNRS in the domains of science and heri- and multidisciplinary tage museology, history of science, philosophy of science, geography, course in Museology prehistory, paleontology, biology, ethnology, and anthropology. Nume- applied to natural rous museum professions (curators, directors, mediators, conference speakers, designers) participate in teaching. Numerous partnerships in and cultural heritage: France with museum structures for hosting student internships: Arts et the history of museum métiers Museum, regional museums, ecomuseums, and Universcience. structures, heritage International convention with Museo de Ciencias Naturales de Buenos policy and protection, aires (Argentina), Université de Minas Geraïs (Brazil), National Museum theory and practice of of Namibia (Namibia), Taipei National University of Arts (Taiwan) and National Museum of Tanzania (Tanzania). expositions, conservation and management of ADMISSION CRITERIA collections, as well as public awareness The first year of this program (M1) is open to students with an under- and involvement. It graduate degree in Live Sciences, Humanities, Education, and Com- questions and analyses munication, as well as to students having completed the second cycle of the Ecole du Louvre or an engineering school. the heritage process, the role of museums in the DIRECTORS preservation of biological and cultural diversity, as Fabienne Galangau-Quérat : [email protected] well as the role of scientific M2 MSCS : Jean-Guy Michard : [email protected] collections. This is the only program integrated within a museum structure, it comes with over 20 years’ experience in the teaching of Museology. CAREER OPPORTUNITIES QP The specialty’s mission is to advance research and higher education by training high level researchers and scientists ready to enter the growing field of preventative archeology. Graduates work in research, education, conservation, promotion and Specialty diffusion of knowledge related to archeology and prehistory.

QUATERNARY Doctoral studies with a goal of research or higher education.

AND PREHISTORY Scientific and technical supervision - within research and higher education institutions - within public and private research companies working on conservation, heritage protection and promotion, as well as planned and preventative archeology (including the study of risks, impacts, and management of information systems). Director, curator, researcher, restorer, in prehistory, archeology and natural history museums.

Educator responsible for instructional courses and multimedia publica- tions related to archeology and prehistory.

CONCENTRATIONS AND ORGANIZATION

The specialty is above all a personalized course to prepare students for their professional career. It offers : A “Settlements, Environments, and Behavior” concentration

A “Biodiversity and Archeology” concentration

An international concentration, as part of the joint degree, Internatio- nal Master of Quaternary and Prehistory (Erasmus + https://sites.google. com/a/unife.it/quaternary-prehistory/) requiring at least one semester abroad with one of our international partners. This program explores the scientific community’s PARTNERSHIPS ongoing reflection on Joint Erasmus degree + International Master in Quaternary and humans’ natural and Prehistory: Università Degli Studi di Ferrara (Italy), Universitat Robira cultural history, from the i Virgili, Tarragona (Spain), Instituto Politecnico Tomar (Portugal), Uni- origin of hominids to the versidade Tras-os-Montes e Alto Douro (Portugal) (not a host school), cultural and techno- University of the Philippines Diliman, Archaeological Studies Program economic revolution of (Philippines), as well as numerous scientific institutions and their asso- ciated museums. the Neolithic, and on the relationships that Erasmus agreements: the universities of Tübingen and Frankfurt (Ger- prehistoric and historic many), Liège (Belgium), Burgos (Spain) and Madrid (Spain). societies maintained with their environment. Partnerships: with Sorbonne University, the University of Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD), the University of Paris – Sorbonne Pantheon and the This long history passes University of Paris – West. by various key steps, including technical Numerous partnerships for hosting student interns (Museums, INRAP, discoveries with immense regional archeology structures). consequences (the mastery of fire, the domestication of DIRECTORS animals and plants), and François Sémah and Denis Vialou : conceptual, cognitive and [email protected] social thresholds. CAREER OPPORTUNITIES SEP Positions : researcher or researching professor, after a doctoral degree, in the areas of systematics, paleontology, or evolution; collections staff; research engineer; mission leader; expert Specialty consultant… Sectors : research in public institutions, scientific diffusion, museology, inventory and monitoring of biodiversity, and taxonomic SYSTEMATICS expertise, for regional and local authorities, associations, research groups, conservatories, protected spaces, and secondary school EVOLUTION teaching.

PALEONTOLOGY CONCENTRATIONS

Systematics and Evolution (SE) trains researchers in systematics, phylogenetic research and evolutionary history in all domains (groups or taxa) of life.

History of Biodiversity and Paleontology (Pal) trains researchers in evolutionary paleontology.

Applied Technologies for Biodiversity (IAB) trains researchers and professionals in the field of naturalist bioinformatics (databases…).

International concentrations: Tropimundo (Erasmus Mundus) and Biodiversity within tropical vegetal environments (BEVT) train spe- cialists for work in organizations and institutions of the Northern and Southern hemisphere, applying and/or reinforcing knowledge in diverse areas linked to tropical plant biodiversity and working on the interactions between flora, fauna, humans and the environment within an ecosystem. © M.N.H.N. - P. Lafaite - P. © M.N.H.N.

SPECIFIC ORGANIZATION / INTERNATIONAL CONCENTRATIONS Based on living organisms, their description, their BEVT: one semester (S2) in a Southern hemisphere university and classification, and their production of a report after field study. history, this specialty TROPIMUNDO: two semesters S1 and S2, or S2 and S3, in two partner commits to giving students universities abroad, S2 in the South, and S3 in the North. a solid fundamental understanding of the PARTNERSHIPS modern concepts and methods of evolutionary -Joint program with Sorbonne University, -Agreements with Dschang University (Cameroun), the Free University sciences and (paleo) of Brussels (Belgium), the IRD for the BEVT concentration, and Florence biodiversity. University (Italy), Queensland (Australia), Terranganu (Malaysia), To this end, the program Guyana University, Guadeloupe University and Antananarivo University focuses on the richness of (Madagascar) for the Erasmus Mundus TROPIMUNDO program. the Museum’s collections DIRECTORS and the recognized Véronique Barriel : [email protected] authority of the Museum Régine Vignes Lebbe : [email protected] and Sorbonne University SEP – SE : Frédéric Legendre, [email protected] et René in the areas of systematics, Zaragueta Bagils, [email protected] paleontology and SEP – Pal : Ronan Allain, [email protected] et Loïc Villier, identification of taxa and [email protected] SEP – IAB : Régine Vignes Lebbe, the management of natural [email protected] heritage and biodiversity. SEP – BEVT and TROPIMUNDO : Bernard Riéra, bernard.riera@mnhn. fr et Jean-Yves Dubuisson, [email protected] EDUCATION SUPPORTED BY RESEARCH AND COLLECTIONS © M.N.H.N. - P. Lafaite - P. © M.N.H.N.

RESEARCH

— 20 service and research units — 520 researchers and researching professors — Highly original and diverse scientific fields of investigation : systematics and taxonomy, ecology, mechanisms of evolution, physiology and adaptation, paleontology, prehistory and archeology, human history and societies’ interactions with nature, museology and the history of science, minerology and cosmo-chemistry. — Exceptional research sites : Jardin des Plantes, Musée de l’Homme, zoological parks, marine stations at Concarneau and Dinard, as well as other regional sites. — Recognized research at the heart of international networks and partnerships : Sorbonne University, CNRS, IRD, INSERM, the Foundation for Research on Biodiversity, and the National Alliance for Environmental research. Highly involved in European programs and the National Agency for Research and Investment in the Future.

TECHNOLOGIES

The Museum’s laboratories benefit from state-of-the-art equipment offering students an innovative environment for encountering research, for example: electronic microscopy platforms, X-ray tomography (CT Scan), isotopic analysis (NanoSIMS), mass spectrometry, morphometry (2D and 3D surface scanners). COLLECTIONS

Collections, archives of the Earth, living organisms and humans.

The Museum enriches, conserves and presents one of the three largest naturalist collections in the world: minerals, rocks, meteorites, rock art records, prehistoric bones and tools, insects, crustaceans, micro-organisms, living, naturalized or fossilized animals and plants. — 68 million specimens — 800,000 types (among 2 million species currently described) — 13.2 million digitized specimens and lots — 2.2 million documents in the library

MUSEUMS, GALLERIES, GARDENS, AND ZOOS

— 17 sites in the French territory — Galleries: Great Gallery of Evolution, Galleries of Comparative Anatomy, Paleontology, Mineralogy and Geology. — Musée de l’Homme, Musée de l’Abri Pataud — Botanical Gardens and zoos : Jardin des Plantes, Ménagerie, Parc Zoologique de Paris, Arboretum de Chèvreloup

DIALOGUE SCIENCE-SOCIETY

The Museum unifies and supports programs dealing with international issues: — Citizen Science : -Vigie-Nature: vigienature.mnhn.fr -The Herbonautes: lesherbonautes.mnhn.fr -The National Inventory of Natural Heritage (INPN): inpn.mnhn.frapla- neterevisitee.org/fr — Naturalist Expeditions: Guyana (2014-2015), Papua New Guinea (2012), Madagascar (2010), Mozambique (2009), Santo (2006) - lapla- neterevisitee.org/fr, Antarctic (2009-2017), New Caledonia (2016-2018), Madibenthos (2016), Walters Shoal (2017). Partners — mnhn.fr 00 (0)14030 79 +33 57, Paris rueCuvier -75005 Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle http://edu.mnhn.fr Visit platform ouronlineteaching : — available at :enseignementsuperieur.mnhn.fr Enrollment andadditional information procedure — [email protected] Heslot Anne-Gabrielle — Coordinator oftheMaster’s [email protected] — [email protected] Delphine Depoix — [email protected] Jean-Jacques Bahain — [email protected] GrellierPhilippe — oftheMaster’sHeads Program CONTACTS

MNHN / DICAP — Avril 2018 Imprimé sur papier issu de forêts gérées durablement - Photo couverture : en bas © M.N.H.N. - T. Lemaitre