DOCSLIB.ORG

European Corn Borer Control with Granular Formulations of Endrin, Heptachlor, and Toxaphene Mahlon Lowell Fairchild Iowa State University

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
European Corn Borer Control with Granular Formulations of Endrin, Heptachlor, and Toxaphene Mahlon Lowell Fairchild Iowa State University Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Retrospective Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 1959 European corn borer control with granular formulations of endrin, heptachlor, and toxaphene Mahlon Lowell Fairchild Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd Part of the Zoology Commons Recommended Citation Fairchild, Mahlon Lowell, "European corn borer control with granular formulations of endrin, heptachlor, and toxaphene " (1959). Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. 2152. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/2152 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Retrospective Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. EUROPEAN CORN BORER CONTROL WITH GRANULAR FORMULATIONS OF ENDRIN, HEPTACHLOR, AND TOXAPHENE by MaliIon Lowell Fairchild A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty in Partial Fulfillment of The Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Major Subject: Entomology Approved: Signature was redacted for privacy. Signature was redacted for privacy. Heati of Major department Signature was redacted for privacy. Iowa State Col 1ege Ames, Iowa 1959 I I TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION REVIEW OF LITERATURE METHODS AND PROCEDURE DISCUSSION AND RESULTS SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS LITERATURE CITED ACKNOWLEDGMENTS APPENDIX ] INTRODUCTION The European corn borer (Pyrausta nubi la 1 is (libn. ) ) was first re­ ported in this country by VinaI (1917). He suggested that it might have been imported in broomcorn from Europe. Since then it has moved west­ ward and southward until now it covers a major part of the corn growing area in the United States and Canada and has become one of the major economic pests on corn. Bradley (1952) reported that the corn borer caused an estimated loss of 314,000,000 bushels of dent corn in 1D'lD alone. Such sizeable losses have necessitated the development of control measures to keep this pest in check. Many insecticides have been tested and recommended for duropcan corn borer control. The first insecticides suggested were the inorganic insecticides such as the arsenical and fluorine compounds. These were re­ placed by rotenone, nicotine tannate, and ryania. ..'ith the advent of the chlorinated hydrocarbons, DDT was added to the list. In spite of the progress made in the development of insecticides for use against the corn borer, there is a need for continuing research in this area. The materials recommended when the work was started gave er­ ratic control or left undesirable residues on the corn stover. Therefore, the purpose of this project was to test various rates of granular endrin, hep tachlor, and toxaphene in a search for an insecticide which would con­ sistently give satisfactory control without leaving undesirable residues. 2 REVIEW OF LITERATURE History of Insecticides Entomologists have tested many types of insecticides for control of the European corn borer. Some of the early work was reported by Worth!ey and Caffrey (1927). Investigations from 1918 to 1926 proved that appli­ cations of insecticides were ineffective in protecting growing corn or other plants from injury by the European corn borer. These workers tested various rates and formulations of the following insecticides : lead arsen­ ate, magnesium arsenate, calcium arsenate, nicotine, hydrated lime, and sulfur. In addition to the attempt to kill the larvae during the period of establishment, attempts were made in 1925 to kill them in the period of hibernation. Both laboratory and field experiments of a preliminary nature were conducted on insecticides for European corn borer control and reported by Huber £t aj_. (1928). The laboratory work was designed to determine the toxicity of the various dusts to the newly-hatched larvae. In the field 80 percent sodium fluosi1icate was applied at 10 pounds of dust per acre at five-day intervals until six treatments had been made. Final infesta­ tion and borer population counts were made in the fall. These counts showed a reduction of 83 percent in the number of plants infested. Borer population was reduced 58 percent on infested plants by the insecticide treatment. A number of insecticides were tested by Batchelder and Questel (1930- Neither acid lead arsenate nor any oil emulsion investigated gave satis­ factory control under field conditions when used a 1 one. Insecticides in­ volving the use of nicotine and pyrethrum as well as several other ma­ terials of the contact insecticide type were not found practical for use against the European corn borer. Simanton eit aj_. (1331) round that lead arsenate did not cause a high mortality unless applied in excessive quantities. Calcium arsenate was no better than the lead arsenate. Some samples of barium fluosi1icate were very toxic to corn while others were not. Mos11 y the kill was good but the corn was more or less injured. Calcium fluosil icate consistently gave satisfactory kills with a minimum of corn injury. Consistent high kills were obtained with sodium fluosilicate but the corn was seriously injured. Nicotine was not sufficiently toxic to justify its use. Thir­ teen fluorine compounds tested in 1330 gave satisfactory kill. According to Ficht (1333), certain insecticides were tested from 1923 to 1932 to determine their value for curopean corn borer control. Barium fluosi!icate, calcium fluos!licate, and sodium fluosilicate were tested. Considerable phytotoxicity was observed after application of barium fluo- silicate. Calcium fluosilicate also had a tendency to injure the plants but was considered as one of the most satisfactory insecticides for corn borer control up to that date. Acid lead arsenate in combination with oil emulsions gave satisfactory control and little plant injury. Mydrated lime and talc were used as barriers to young larvae without success. Hicotine and pyrethrum used a 1 one and with derris gave unsatisfactory rcsu1ts. Of the materials tested by Turner (193-0 two insecticides were proven 4 to be outstanding and a third slightly less effective for corn borer con­ trol. Pure ground derris root (4 percent rotenone) and phenothiazine (thio-diphenyl-amine) used in suspension at the rate of 2 pounds in 50 gallons of water with a suitable spreader were very effective. From sprayed plots 85 percent of the ears were borer free whereas on unsprayed plots only 36 percent of the ears were borer free. Tank mixed nicotine tannate was somewhat less effective for about 77 percent of the ears from sprayed plants were free from borers. Baker and Oues tel (1939) studied the effectiveness of fixed nicotine preparations, fluorine compounds, phenoth iza ine and derris in spray and dust formulations. Derris and the fluorine compounds provided a high de­ gree of protection when used as sprays in a treatment schedule of four ap­ plications spaced at five-day intervals. The fluorine compounds caused more or - Jess injury to the corn plants which made their use undesirable. A series of tests with various insecticides were conducted by Beard and Turner (1942). Dual fixed nicotine containing 4 percent nicotine was consistently more effective in controlling the European corn borer than dust containing 1 percent rotenone in the form of pure ground derris root. Dust made by impregnating inert material with extract of pure ground derris root or pyrethrum flowers was not significantly less effective than dust prepared by mixing ground root of derris with the carrier. Results of preliminary laboratory and field tests performed by Questel (1944) at Toledo, Ohio in 1943 indicated DDT to be the most promising sub­ stitute for ground derris spray thus far tested for control of the European corn borer in early market sweet corn. It gave relatively high reduction 5 of borers in both ears and plants without injury to the corn. Batchelder and Questel (1945) conducted experiments in sweet corn near Toledo, Ohio to determine dosage requirements and effectiveness of DDT as an insecticide for control of the first brood of the European corn borer. Four applications of dusts containing 0.75, 1.5, 3.0, and 6.0 per­ cent of DDT in pyrophy11i te were made 5 to 7 days apart in dosages of 0.3, 0.6, 1.2, and 2.4 pounds per acre. Borer reduction increased with each increase in the dosage rate and at the highest rate provided 95 percent reduction. Ryan ia was tested by Pepper and Carruth (1945) against the European corn borer in 1943 and 1944 under field conditions in New Jersey and New York. In preliminary tests in New Jersey in 1943 the corn borer control accomplished was considered the most effective ever obtained up to that time. When the normal application schedule (four to five insecticide treatments at five-day intervals) was modified by reducing the number of treatments and lengthening the interval between treatments, satisfactory results were obtained. Good control was obtained when 20 to 35 pounds of a 50 percent ryania dust was applied. After experimenting with DDT dust and spray preparations against both hibernating and actively feeding larvae of the European corn borer, Questel (1945) suggested that the percentage of DDT may have less bear­ ing on the effectiveness of the dusts and sprays than some other factors perhaps related to the physical and chemical character of the diluent. Hibernating larvae thoroughly coated with a powder containing 10.8 percent of DDT in pyrophy11i te or with 50 percent DDT with an absorbent clay were b all killed within three days, whereas very few of those coated with coarsely ground undiluted DDT or powders containing 50 percent DDT micro- pulverized with fibrous talc were killed. Several new insecticides were tested by Decker _et _a_L (1947) in the field in l946. None of those tested showed promise in replacing DDT or ryania.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Ri Wkh% Lrorjlfdo (Iihfwv Ri 6Hohfwhg &Rqvwlwxhqwv
    Guidelines for Interpretation of the Biological Effects of Selected Constituents in Biota, Water, and Sediment November 1998 NIATIONAL RRIGATION WQATER UALITY P ROGRAM INFORMATION REPORT No. 3 United States Department of the Interior Bureau of Reclamation Fish and Wildlife Service Geological Survey Bureau of Indian Affairs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ntroduction The guidelines, criteria, and other information in The Limitations of This Volume this volume were originally compiled for use by personnel conducting studies for the It is important to note five limitations on the Department of the Interior's National Irrigation material presented here: Water Quality Program (NIWQP). The purpose of these studies is to identify and address (1) Out of the hundreds of substances known irrigation-induced water quality and to affect wetlands and water bodies, this contamination problems associated with any of volume focuses on only nine constituents or the Department's water projects in the Western properties commonly identified during States. When NIWQP scientists submit NIWQP studies in the Western United samples of water, soil, sediment, eggs, or animal States—salinity, DDT, and the trace tissue for chemical analysis, they face a elements arsenic, boron, copper, mercury, challenge in determining the sig-nificance of the molybdenum, selenium, and zinc.
    [Show full text]
  • Carbamate Pesticides Aldicarb Aldicarb Sulfoxide Aldicarb Sulfone
    Connecticut General Statutes Sec 19a-29a requires the Commissioner of Public Health to annually publish a list setting forth all analytes and matrices for which certification for testing is required. Connecticut ELCP Drinking Water Analytes Revised 05/31/2018 Microbiology Total Coliforms Fecal Coliforms/ E. Coli Carbamate Pesticides Legionella Aldicarb Cryptosporidium Aldicarb Sulfoxide Giardia Aldicarb Sulfone Carbaryl Physicals Carbofuran Turbidity 3-Hydroxycarbofuran pH Methomyl Conductivity Oxamyl (Vydate) Minerals Chlorinated Herbicides Alkalinity, as CaCO3 2,4-D Bromide Dalapon Chloride Dicamba Chlorine, free residual Dinoseb Chlorine, total residual Endothall Fluoride Picloram Hardness, Calcium as Pentachlorophenol CaCO3 Hardness, Total as CaCO3 Silica Chlorinated Pesticides/PCB's Sulfate Aldrin Chlordane (Technical) Nutrients Dieldrin Endrin Ammonia Heptachlor Nitrate Heptachlor Epoxide Nitrite Lindane (gamma-BHC) o-Phosphate Metolachlor Total Phosphorus Methoxychlor PCB's (individual aroclors) Note 1 PCB's (as decachlorobiphenyl) Note 1 Demands Toxaphene TOC Nitrogen-Phosphorus Compounds Alachlor Metals Atrazine Aluminum Butachlor Antimony Diquat Arsenic Glyphosate Barium Metribuzin Beryllium Paraquat Boron Propachlor Cadmium Simazine Calcium Chromium Copper SVOC's Iron Benzo(a)pyrene Lead bis-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate Magnesium bis-(ethylhexyl)adipate Manganese Hexachlorobenzene Mercury Hexachlorocyclopentadiene Molybdenum Nickel Potassium Miscellaneous Organics Selenium Dibromochloropropane (DBCP) Silver Ethylene Dibromide (EDB)
    [Show full text]
  • CHEMICALS of PUBLIC HEALTH CONCERN and Their Management in the African Region
    H H C Hg H N C OH O O HO OH OH CHEMICALS OF PUBLIC HEALTH CONCERN and their management in the African Region REGIONAL ASSESSMENT REPORT 4 JULY 2014 AFRO LIBRARY CATALOGUING-IN-PUBLICATION DATA Chemicals of public health concern in the African Region and their management: Regional Assessment Report 1. Chemically-Induced Disorders – prevention & control 2. Environmental Exposure 3. Polluants environnemental – adverse effects – toxicity 4. Hazardous Substances 5. Risk Management 6. Health Impact Assessment I. World Health Organization. Regional Office for Africa II.Title ISBN: 978-929023281-0 (NLM Classification:QZ 59) © WHO REGIONAL OFFICE FOR AFRICA, 2014 Publications of the World Health Organization enjoy The mention of specific companies or of certain copyright protection in accordance with the provisions manufacturers’ products does not imply that they of Protocol 2 of the Universal Copyright Convention. are endorsed or recommended by the World Health All rights reserved. Copies of this publication may be Organization in preference to others of a similar nature obtained from the Library, WHO Regional Office for that are not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted, Africa, P.O. Box 6, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo (Tel: the names of proprietary products are distinguished by +47 241 39100; +242 06 5081114; Fax: +47 241 initial capital letters. 39501; E-mail: [email protected]). Requests for permission to reproduce or translate this publication All reasonable precautions have been taken by the – whether for sale or for non-commercial distribution – World Health Organization to verify the information should be sent to the same address. contained in this publication.
    [Show full text]
  • A COMPARATIVE STUDY of the CYTOGENETIC EFFECTS of the INSECTICIDES HEPTACHLOR, MALATHION, and METHYL PARATHION in Vicia Faba
    Contam. Amb. 1, 7-16, 1985 A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE CYTOGENETIC EFFECTS OF THE INSECTICIDES HEPTACHLOR, MALATHION, AND METHYL PARATHION IN Vicia faba SANDRAGOMEZ-ARROYO, ANA MAR~ABAIZA, GRA~IELALOPEZ AND RAFAELVILLALOBOS- PIETRINI Laboratorio de Citogenética y Mutagénesis Am- bientales, Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Co- yoacán 04510, México, D. F. y Centro de Inves- tigación y Reproducción Animal, Universidad Au- tónoma de Tlaxcala. ABSTRACT In order to determine the potential cytogenetic effects of Heptachlor, Malathion and Methyl Parathion, meristems of broad bean root tips were treated with se- vera1 concentrations o£ these insecticides for different periods of treatment and recovery. Heptachlor and Malathion induced chromosomal alterations in anaphase cells as fragments and bridges, chromosomes with inactivated centromeres and isochroinosomes, and as micronuclei in interphase cells. Multipolar anaphases also appeared when the mitotic spindle was damaged. Heptachlor induced pycnosis but Malathion did not. Chromosomal aberrations caused by Methyl Parathion were observed in cells only during metaphase, since a strong c-mitotic effect was induced mostly in the form of fragments. Longer recovery periods (42 and 44 h) revealed tetraploid and pycnotic cells. Only in the case of Malation was there an increase in chromosome altera- tions with higher concentrations. However, no such dose response relationship was observed for micronuclei frequency. RESUMEN Con el fin de establecer el daño genético que ocasionan el Heptacloro, el Mala- tión y el Metil Paratión, se realizaron tratamientos sobre las células meristemá- ticas de la raíz de haba con diversas concentraciones de estos insecticidas y dife- rentes tiempos de tratamiento y recuperación.
    [Show full text]
  • Historical Use of Lead Arsenate and Survey of Soil Residues in Former Apple Orchards in Virginia
    HISTORICAL USE OF LEAD ARSENATE AND SURVEY OF SOIL RESIDUES IN FORMER APPLE ORCHARDS IN VIRGINIA by Therese Nowak Schooley Thesis submitted to the faculty of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE IN LIFE SCIENCES in Entomology Michael J. Weaver, Chair Donald E. Mullins, Co-Chair Matthew J. Eick May 4, 2006 Blacksburg, Virginia Keywords: arsenic, lead, lead arsenate, orchards, soil residues, historical pesticides HISTORICAL USE OF LEAD ARSENATE AND SURVEY OF SOIL RESIDUES IN FORMER APPLE ORCHARDS IN VIRGINIA Therese Nowak Schooley Abstract Inorganic pesticides including natural chemicals such as arsenic, copper, lead, and sulfur have been used extensively to control pests in agriculture. Lead arsenate (PbHAsO4) was first used in apple orchards in the late 1890’s to combat the codling moth, Cydia pomonella (Linnaeus). The affordable and persistent pesticide was applied in ever increasing amounts for the next half century. The persistence in the environment in addition to the heavy applications during the early 1900’s may have led to many of the current and former orchards in this country being contaminated. In this study, soil samples were taken from several apple orchards across the state, ranging from Southwest to Northern Virginia and were analyzed for arsenic and lead. Based on naturally occurring background levels and standards set by other states, two orchards sampled in this study were found to have very high levels of arsenic and lead in the soil, Snead Farm and Mint Spring Recreational Park. Average arsenic levels at Mint Spring Recreational Park and Snead Farm were found to be 65.2 ppm and 107.6 ppm, respectively.
    [Show full text]
  • TOXICOLOGICAL PROFILE for HEPTACHLOR and HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE
    TOXICOLOGICAL PROFILE FOR HEPTACHLOR and HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE Prepared by: Syracuse Research Corporation Under Contract No. 200-2004-09793 Prepared for: U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Public Health Service Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry November 2007 HEPTACHLOR AND HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE ii DISCLAIMER The use of company or product name(s) is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. HEPTACHLOR AND HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE iii UPDATE STATEMENT A Toxicological Profile for Heptachlor/Heptachlor Epoxide, Draft for Public Comment was released in September 2005. This edition supersedes any previously released draft or final profile. Toxicological profiles are revised and republished as necessary. For information regarding the update status of previously released profiles, contact ATSDR at: Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry Division of Toxicology and Environmental Medicine/Applied Toxicology Branch 1600 Clifton Road NE Mailstop F-32 Atlanta, Georgia 30333 HEPTACHLOR AND HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE iv This page is intentionally blank. v FOREWORD This toxicological profile is prepared in accordance with guidelines developed by the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The original guidelines were published in the Federal Register on April 17, 1987. Each profile will be revised and republished as necessary. The ATSDR toxicological profile succinctly characterizes the toxicologic and adverse health effects information for the hazardous substance described therein. Each peer-reviewed profile identifies and reviews the key literature that describes a hazardous substance's toxicologic properties. Other pertinent literature is also presented, but is described in less detail than the key studies.
    [Show full text]
  • Pesticide Residue Monitoring in Sediment and Surface Water Within the South Florida Water Management District Volume 2
    Technical Publication 91-01 Pesticide Residue Monitoring in Sediment and Surface Water Within the South Florida Water Management District Volume 2 by Richard J. Pfeuffer January 1991 This publication was produced at an annual cost of $243.75 or $.49 per copy to inform the public. 500 191 Produced on recycled paper. Water Quality Division Research and Evaluation Department South Florida Water Management District West Palm Beach, Florida A IBSTRAC'I' Pesticide monitoring data are collected under the requirements of several permits and agreements as an indicator of water quality. The monitoring provides data to determine shifts or adverse trends in the quality of water being delivered to Lake Okeechobee, Everglades National Park, and the Water Conservation Areas. In addition, pesticide residue data are collected throughout the South Florida Water Management District at locations selected to determine water quality conditions at the major water control points. Special investigations are performed on selected pesticides as required and follow-up sampling is conducted based on the pesticides detected. Data were collected from 13 stations in 1984. By 1988, the network was expanded to 29 stations. Currently, water and sediment samples are collected quarterly and analyzed for 67 pesticides, herbicides and degradation products. Out of a total of 197 surface water samples, 13 percent had detectable residues, while 25 percent of the 208 sediment samples had detectable residues. The compounds detected in the water samples included atrazine and zinc phosphide while a variety of compounds, including DDT, have been detected in the sediment. None of the residues detected are considered to have adverse health or environmental effects.
    [Show full text]
  • Past Use of Chlordane, Dieldrin, And
    The Hazard Evaluation and Emergency Response Office (HEER Office) is part of the Hawai‘i Department of Health (HDOH) Environmental Health Administration, whose mission is to protect human health and the environment. The HEER Office provides leadership, support, and partnership in preventing, planning for, responding to, and enforcing environmental laws relating to releases or threats of releases of hazardous substances. Past Use of Chlordane, Dieldrin, and other Organochlorine Pesticides for Termite Control in Hawai‘i: Safe Management Practices around Treated Foundations or during Building Demolition This fact sheet provides building owners, demolition and construction contractors, developers, realtors, and others with an overview of the potential environmental concerns associated with the past use of organochlorine termiticides (pesticides used to control termites) in Hawai‘i. In addition, this fact sheet discusses methods for reducing exposure to organochlorine termiticides during building demolition or around the foundations of treated buildings and identifies resources for further information. What are organochlorine termiticides? Organochlorine termiticides are a group of pesticides that were used for termite control in and around wooden buildings and homes from the mid-1940s to the late 1980s. These organochlorine pesticides included chlordane, aldrin, dieldrin, heptachlor, and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT). They were used primarily by pest control operators in Hawaii’s urban areas, but also by homeowners, the military, the state, and counties to protect buildings against termite damage. In the 1970s and 1980s, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) banned all uses of these organochlorine pesticides except for heptachlor, which can be used today only for control of fire ants in underground power transformers.
    [Show full text]
  • P-Listed Hazardous Wastes
    P-Listed Hazardous Wastes The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has identified a number of chemicals on the EPA “P-list” that present an especially acute hazard when disposed of as hazardous waste. Because of their acute hazards, there are more stringent requirements when disposing of these wastes: ►Container size: When collecting p-listed chemicals as waste, the volume of the hazardous waste container must not exceed one quart (approximately one liter). ►Empty containers: Empty containers that held p-listed chemicals must also be disposed of as hazardous waste. They are not allowed to be washed or re-used. ►Contaminated materials: Disposable materials that become contaminated with p-listed chemicals (e.g. gloves, weighing boats, etc.) must also be disposed of as hazardous waste. Non-disposable materials must be “triple-rinsed”, or rinsed three times to remove the contamination. This rinsate must be collected as hazardous waste. Materials contaminated with p-listed chemicals may not be washed or re-used until they have been triple-rinsed. Remember: - Label the waste as hazardous waste. Most common p-listed wastes Just like all other hazardous wastes, p-listed Chemical CAS number wastes must be labeled with the words Acrolein 107–02–8 “hazardous waste”, the complete chemical Allyl alcohol 107–18–6 name, and the associated hazard Arsenic compounds Varies characteristics (e.g., ignitable, corrosive, Inorganic cyanide Varies toxic, or reactive). salts Carbon disulfide 75-15-0 - Use disposable materials whenever Cyanogen and 460-19-5, 506-77-4 possible. Triple-rising non-disposable Cyanogen Chloride material generates a lot of waste, which can 2,4-Dinitrophenol 51–28–5 be difficult to dispose of safely.
    [Show full text]
  • Chemical Name Federal P Code CAS Registry Number Acutely
    Acutely / Extremely Hazardous Waste List Federal P CAS Registry Acutely / Extremely Chemical Name Code Number Hazardous 4,7-Methano-1H-indene, 1,4,5,6,7,8,8-heptachloro-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro- P059 76-44-8 Acutely Hazardous 6,9-Methano-2,4,3-benzodioxathiepin, 6,7,8,9,10,10- hexachloro-1,5,5a,6,9,9a-hexahydro-, 3-oxide P050 115-29-7 Acutely Hazardous Methanimidamide, N,N-dimethyl-N'-[2-methyl-4-[[(methylamino)carbonyl]oxy]phenyl]- P197 17702-57-7 Acutely Hazardous 1-(o-Chlorophenyl)thiourea P026 5344-82-1 Acutely Hazardous 1-(o-Chlorophenyl)thiourea 5344-82-1 Extremely Hazardous 1,1,1-Trichloro-2, -bis(p-methoxyphenyl)ethane Extremely Hazardous 1,1a,2,2,3,3a,4,5,5,5a,5b,6-Dodecachlorooctahydro-1,3,4-metheno-1H-cyclobuta (cd) pentalene, Dechlorane Extremely Hazardous 1,1a,3,3a,4,5,5,5a,5b,6-Decachloro--octahydro-1,2,4-metheno-2H-cyclobuta (cd) pentalen-2- one, chlorecone Extremely Hazardous 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine 57-14-7 Extremely Hazardous 1,2,3,4,10,10-Hexachloro-6,7-epoxy-1,4,4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydro-1,4-endo-endo-5,8- dimethanonaph-thalene Extremely Hazardous 1,2,3-Propanetriol, trinitrate P081 55-63-0 Acutely Hazardous 1,2,3-Propanetriol, trinitrate 55-63-0 Extremely Hazardous 1,2,4,5,6,7,8,8-Octachloro-4,7-methano-3a,4,7,7a-tetra- hydro- indane Extremely Hazardous 1,2-Benzenediol, 4-[1-hydroxy-2-(methylamino)ethyl]- 51-43-4 Extremely Hazardous 1,2-Benzenediol, 4-[1-hydroxy-2-(methylamino)ethyl]-, P042 51-43-4 Acutely Hazardous 1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane 96-12-8 Extremely Hazardous 1,2-Propylenimine P067 75-55-8 Acutely Hazardous 1,2-Propylenimine 75-55-8 Extremely Hazardous 1,3,4,5,6,7,8,8-Octachloro-1,3,3a,4,7,7a-hexahydro-4,7-methanoisobenzofuran Extremely Hazardous 1,3-Dithiolane-2-carboxaldehyde, 2,4-dimethyl-, O- [(methylamino)-carbonyl]oxime 26419-73-8 Extremely Hazardous 1,3-Dithiolane-2-carboxaldehyde, 2,4-dimethyl-, O- [(methylamino)-carbonyl]oxime.
    [Show full text]
  • Proceedings of the Indiana Academy Of
    Preliminary Tests with Systemic Insecticides 1 George E. Gould, Purdue University A systemic insecticide is one that is absorbed by the plant and translocated in the sap so that parts of the plant other than those treated become toxic to sucking insects. This type of insecticidal action was demonstrated for selenium compounds by Gnadinger (1) and others as early as 1933. These compounds were never used extensively as quantities of the material dangerous to humans accumulated in sprayed plants or in plants grown in treated soils. Recently German chemists have developed a number of phosphorus compounds that show systemic action. In our tests three of these compounds have been tried in com- parison with three related phosphorus compounds for which no systemic action has been claimed. The development of these systemic and other phosphorus compounds have been based on the discoveries of the German chemist Schrader in 1942 (German patent 720,577). After World War II this information became available to the Allied Governments and soon numerous com- pounds were released for experimental purposes. At present three of the non-systemic compounds, parathion, hexaethyl tetraphosphate and tetraethyl pyrophosphate, are available commercially. The first of the systemics tested was C-1014, a formulation similar to Pestox 3 (octa- methylpyrophosphoramide) which has been used in England. The other two in our tests were Systox with its active ingredient belonging to a trialkyl thiophosphate group and Potasan, diethoxy thiophosphoric acid ester of 7-hydroxy-4-methyl coumarin. Two additional phosphorus com- pounds used in some tests included Metacide, a mixture containing 6.2% parathion and 24.5% of 0, O-dimethyl O-p-nitrophenyl thiophos- phate, and EPN 300, ethyl p-nitrophenyl thionobenzine phosphonate.
    [Show full text]
  • Inorganic Arsenic Compounds Other Than Arsine Health and Safety Guide
    OS INTERNATiONAL I'ROGRAMME ON CHEMICAL SAFETY Health and Safety Guide No. 70 INORGANIC ARSENIC COMPOUNDS OTHER THAN ARSINE HEALTH AND SAFETY GUIDE i - I 04 R. Q) UNEP UNITED NATIONS INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENT I'R( )GRAMME LABOUR ORGANISATION k\s' I V WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION, GENEVA 1992 IPcs Other H EA LTH AND SAFETY GUIDES available: Aerytonitrile 41. Clii rdeon 2. Kekvau 42. Vatiadiuni 3 . I Bula not 43 Di meLhyI ftirmatnide 4 2-Buta101 44 1-Dryliniot 5. 2.4- Diehlorpheiioxv- 45 . Ac rylzi mule acetic Acid (2.4-D) 46. Barium 6. NIcihylene Chhride 47. Airaziiie 7 . ie,i-Buia nol 48. Benlm'.ie 8. Ep Ichioroli) Olin 49. Cap a 64 P. ls.ihutaiiol 50. Captaii I o. feiddin oeth N lene Si. Parai.tuat II. Tetradi ion 51 Diquat 12. Te nacelle 53. Alpha- and Betal-lexachloro- 13 Clils,i (lane cyclohexanes 14 1 kpia Idor 54. Liiidaiic IS. Propylene oxide 55. 1 .2-Diciilroetiiane Ethylene Oxide 5t. Hydrazine Eiulosiillaii 57. F-orivaldehydc IS. Die h lorvos 55. MLhyI Isobu I V I kcloiic IV. Pculaehloro1heiiol 59. fl-Flexaric 20. Diiiiethoaie 61), Endrin 2 1 . A iii in and Dick) 0in 6 I . I sh IIZiLI1 22. Cyperniellirin 62. Nicki. Nickel Caution I. and some 23. Quiiiloieiic Nickel Compounds 24. Alkthrins 03. Hexachlorocyclopeuladiene 25. Rsiiiethii ins 64. Aidicaib 26. Pyr rot ii,id inc Alkaloids 65. Fe nitrolhioit 27. Magnetic Fields hib. Triclilorlon 28. Phosphine 67. Acroleiii 29. Diiiiethyl Sull'ite 68. Polychlurinated hiphenyls (PCBs) and 30. Dc lianteth nil polyc h In ruiated letlilienyls (fs) 31.
    [Show full text]