1961 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 93 RECESS ADJOURNMENT TO FRIDAY It has been a pleasure to serve in this capacity and to be associated with the Mem Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, I bers and employees of the House of Repre move that the Senate stand in recess ask unanimous consent that when the sentatives. until 12 o'clock noon tomorrow. House adjourns today it adjourn to meet Sincerely, The motion was agreed to; and Massachusetts? HON. OLIN E. TEAGUE OF TEXAS There was no objection. The SPEAKER. The gentleman from •• .... • • Texas [Mr. TEAGUE] will present himself at the bar of the House and take the HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ONE HUNDRED AND SEVENTY oath of office. Mr. TEAGUE of Texas appeared at the WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 4, 1961 FIFTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE CONSTITUTION bar of the House and took the oath of office. The House met at 12 o'clock noon. Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, in The Chaplain, Rev. Bernard Braskamp, behalf of the gentleman from Pennsyl D.O., offered the following prayer: vania [Mr. BYRNE], and acting for him, From the Book of Leviticus (26: 12) I offer a bill he has introduced United States of He was educated in the public schools America in Congress assembled, That sec The J·ournal of the proceedings of yes tion 5 of the joint resolution of July 14, 1960, of the county and graduated from the terday was read and approved. entitled "Joint resolution providing for the Law School of the University of Missis preparation and completion of plans for a sippi in 1910. He first entered the prac comprehensive observance of the one hun tice of law in West Point, Miss., but soon MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE dred seventy-fifth anniversary of the forma moved to Tupelo where he continued his tion of the Constitution of the United States" A message from the Senate by Mr. practice and served as prosecuting attor (Public Law 86-650), as amended by Public ney for the county. Carrell, one of its clerks, announced that Law 86-788, is amended by striking out the Senate had passed the following res "January 3, 1961" and inserting in lieu there In 1920 Mr. Rankin was elected to the olutions: of "June 28, 1961". 67th Congress and to ea.ch Congress S. RES. 7 thereafter through the 82d. He served The bill was ordered to be engrossed Resolved, That the Senate has heard with here with distinction and was credited profound sorrow and deep regret the an and read a third time, was read the third with many beneficial achievements for nouncement of the death of the Honorable time, and passed, and a motion to recon the good of his district, State, and THOMAS C. HENNINGS, JR., late a Senator from sider was laid on the table. country. the State of Missouri. While interested in many programs Resolved, That the Secretary communicate these resolutions to the House of Representa and movements, his greatest interests tives and transmit a copy thereof to the RESIGNATION OF DAVID M. were in the Tennessee Valley Authority family of the deceased. ABSHIRE and the Rural Electrification Adminis Resolved, That as a further mark of respect tration. He vigorously fought for the to the memory of the deceased the Senate, The SPEAKER laid before the House passage of legislation creating these Fed at the conclusion of its business today, do the following communication, which was eral agencies and for their perpetuation. adjourn. read by the Clerk: For years he served as chairman of the REPUBLICAN POLICY COMMITTEE, s. RES. 8 Committee on Veterans' Affairs, and was HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, credited with having authored more leg Resolved, That the Senate has heard with Washington, D.C., December 28, 1960. profound sorrow and deep regret the an The Honorable SAM RAYBURN, islation for the benefit of veterans, their nouncement of the death of the Honorable Speaker of the House, widows, orphans, and dependents than KEITH THoMsoN, late a Senator-elect from U.S. House of Representatives, any other Member of the House of Rep the State of Wyoming. Washington, D.C. resentatives. Resolved, That the Secretary communicate DEAR MR. SPEAKER: I hereby tender my res He was a strong believer in the Demo these resolutions to the House of Representa ignation as an employee of the minority staff cratic Party, in constitutional govern tives and transmit a copy thereof to the of the House of Representatives, and request ment, the perpetuation of our democracy family of the deceased. that this resignation become effective as of Resolved, That as a further mark of respect the end of business on the last day of De and States rights. He fought commu to the memory of the deceased the Senate, cember 1960. nism wherever he found the slightest evi at the conclusion of its business today, do I was appointed to this position by House dence of it, and was the proud author of adjourn. Resolution 218, approved March 19, 1959. an amendment to the rules of the House 94 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE January 4 creating the permanent Committee on in South and Central America. The our former colleague, the Honorable Un-American Activities. Committee on On-American Activities is John E. Rankin, of M~ssissippi. · John An eloquent debater, learned in the a lasting monument to his efforts. Rankin was a Member of this body with rules of the House, and a vigorous and John E. Rankin was a man of talent, many years' service when I came here as fiery competitor, he was a colorful and a man of energy, one who had strong a freshman in 1933. Nature had en effective Member. He gave no quarter convictions, who made his contribution dowed him with many talents which he and sought none. Small of stature but to this Congress and to his Nation. had sharpened by his hard work and full of fire when attacked, he stood firmly To his fine wife and daughter, and studious habits. While his colleagues for what he believed to be right even if other members of his family, we extend did not always agree with him, they he stood alone. He never gave ground our deepest sympathy. nevertheless respected his sincerity of not an inch. He was a master in debate Mr. ABERNETHY. Mr. Speaker, I ask purpose and his devotion to his State and and most of those who dared to chal unanimous consent to revise and extend his country. No man with whom I have lenge him later wished they had not. my remarks and that all Members be served in this House had a better knowl He was one of the best read men ever granted 5 legislative days in which to edge of parliamentary procedure or a to serve in this great body. He was par extend their remarks at this point in the more alert mind or quicker wit. At re ticularly well known as a student of RECORD. partee he was unexcelled. Those who poetry and literature. He filled the CoN The SPEAKER. Is there objection to were bold enough to cross lances with GRESSIONAL RECORD Of his day With ap the request of the gentleman from Mis him in debate rarely ever encountered propriate quotations lifted from the writ sissippi? him a second time. ings of the world's most noted authors. There was no objection. John Rankin served a useful purpose His retentive mind always amazed his lis Mr. TEAGUE of Texas. Mr. Speaker, in this House. His long service here will teners. during the recess death claimed one of not soon be forgotten. Although he retired from this body in · the most colorful Members ever to serve I join with my colleagues here today January of 1953, his interest in the Con in this body, former Representative John in paying tribute to his brilliant mind, gress, in national and international af Elliott Rankin, who was chairman of one his great service to his country and ex fairs, and in the progress and develop of the predecessor committees of the pressing anew my sympathy to his be ment of the area he served so long never Committee on Veterans' Affairs from loved wife and daughter. ceased. Infirmity finally overtook him 1930 until his retirement from the Con Mr. WILLIAMS of Mississippi. Mr. but as was characteristic of his long and gress several years ago. Speaker, the passing of our dear friend illustrious career it was not without a While I did not see eye to eye with Mr. and former colleague, Hon. John E. Ran struggle. Rankin on some veterans' legislation, kin, marked the end of an era in Missis The memory of John Elliott Rankin I want to express at this time my real sippi's public affairs. Perhaps no man will live with this body and among the appreciation for his long and devoted who ever represented my State in this people of my State for years and years to service to the veterans of this Nation. body could point to a greater record of come. He left behind a record of ac He presided ably and well as chairman legislative achievement than Mr. Rankin. complishment and achievement for the of the Committee on World War I Vet His monumental work in behalf of legis good of his fellow man. erans' Legislation and also over the Com lation creating both the TVA and REA Surviving are his lovely widow and a mittee on Veterans' Affairs which was programs will not be soon forgotten by charming daughter . . I am sure that organized at the beginning of the 80th the people of America. As a member of every Member of this House, particularly Congress. the old Dies committee, and later as the those of you who served with Mr. Ran Surely he was one of tbe ablest par one most responsible for making the On kin, join with me in praising the service liamentarians ever to serve in the House. American Activities Committee a perma of our former colleague, mourning his He was a many sided man. He could nent committee of the House of Repre passing, and in extending sympathy to literally quote Shakespeare by the hour sentatives, he made his mark in history his surviving loved ones. and the same was true of many passages as a relentless fighter for America, and a Mr. WHITTEN. Mr. SJ?eaker, will the from the Bible. All who knew him loved formidable foe of everything un-Ameri gentleman yield? to hear him tell his amusing-and, on can. As everyone knows, the veterans of Mr. ABERNETHY. I yield to the gen some occasions, side-splitting-stories. America's wars had no better friend or tleman from Mississippi. The people of his district and of the benefactor than John Rankin. As an in Mr. WHITTEN. Mr. Speaker, I wish South generally will ever be in his debt diviG.ual, he was one of the most colorful to join with my colleague in paying trib for what he did in connection with the persons ever to serve in this distin ute to the late John E. Ra11kin, of Mis legislation creating the Tennessee Val guished body and, indeed, one of the sissippi, who passed to his reward in late ley Authority and the Rural Electrifica most able. He was a gifted orator and 1960. tion Administration. The furnishing of had no peers in the art of rough and Mr. John, as we knew him, was a senior electricity to his constituents and the tumble debating. He was a master at Member of this Congress when I came people of his beloved Southland was a repartee, and his knowledge of parlia here and was one of the most active project which always merited his great mentary rules and law was unsurpassed. among us. est concern and lie was in the forefront Mr. Rankin and I became fast friends He was possessed •of a bright and en to provide electricity for his people. I when I first arrived to serve in this body ergetic mind and memory. A talented heard him remark once that when he some 14 years ago. Although he was speaker, in debate he held the attention came to Congress in 1920, 2 percent of then a senior Member and a highly re of this House perhaps better than any his district was electrified and that when spected leader of the House, he was never Member with whom I have served. he left, slightly less than 99 percent had too busy to lend me a helping hand, A strong advocate for the development electrical power. Much of this advance nor to counsel with me on matters af of our own country, he did a great job was due to the legislation which Mr. fecting my service here. I shall be in for his district, his State, and Nation. Rankin sponsored. debted forever to John Rankin for the John Rankin sincerely believed that to A man of fierce loyalties, he served wonderful friend that I knew him to be. dissipate our resources over the world only briefly in World War I but that brief was to invite disaster. Truly, he could period of service made him always ap I think it can be said truthfully that foresee our present unhappy and danger preciate the problems which veterans John Rankin was missed by every Mem ous plight. Unfortunately, his warnings had and continued to experience over the ber who had served with him in this body. were largely ignored by the majority. years. Any veteran who needed as Few Members make such a lasting im Certainly he did his part. sistance could always count upon receiv pression on their colleagues. On the home front, he, perhaps, more ing a ready and sympathetic hearing Mr. Speaker, I have lost a dear friend, than anyone else, could foresee that ap from the gentleman from Mississippi. and America has lost a great leader in peal to minority votes would lead to in We who knew him will always cherish the passing of John Rankin. To Mrs. stability and weakness. He firmly be his memory. Rankin and their devoted daughter and lieved it would lead this country, both Mr. COLMER. Mr. Speaker, regard grandchildren, I join their thousands of politically and economically, to the less of party, I am sure that we were all friends in extending deepest and most c::mdition which plagues so many nations grieved to learn of the recent passing of heartfelt sympathies. 1961 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 95 Mr. Speaker, many times I have heard were numerous veteran organizations mittee while Congressman Rankin was Mr. Rankin recite a favorite poem, "In present and there were many words of chairman of this great committee. No victus," which, in these words, describes praise offered to our illustrious chair Member of Congress ever surpassed Con him better, perhaps, than any other: man, John Rankin. But the response to gressman Rankin in their stout advocacy It matters not how sta"alt the gate, those words of praise made by Mr. and championship of the veterans of this How charged with punishments the scroll, Rankin contained-among others-the Nation. He was a strong believer in I am the master of my fate: two qualities in his character I wish to adequate bneefits for all of our veterans, I am the Captain of my soul. recall to our minds today. their widows, orphans, and dependents. Mr. WINSTEAD. Mr. Speaker, I join First, he regarded the obligations of Congressman Rankin will long be re with my colleagues in paying respect to Congress toward our veterans as a sacred membered as one of our strong char the memory ef Hon. John Rankin, who trust. acters who served in this body and his served as a Member of this House from I quote Mr. Rankin's words of Febru achievements will continue to shine Mississippi for 32 years. His death ary 6, 1941, as follows: brightly. marked the passing of a good, personal This tribute is to ·the committee. It is to I wish to join with the other Members friend and one of the most courageous those Members who have fought with me, of the House in conveying an expression and who are still fighting with me for justice of my most sincere sympathy to his men I have ever known. He was truly for the disabled veterans and their widows one of Mississippi's outstanding citizens and orphans. We know it costs money. We widow and daughter and members of his and one of the Nation's real statesmen. do not deny that. We knew it would cost family. Mr. Rankin will long be remembered money when the war was over. It has always Mr. SMITH of Mississippi. Mr. Speak by servicemen and veterans for his effec cost money. But, in my opinion, there is no er, I wish to pay proper tribute to the tive efforts in their behalf while he was greater investment America can make at any late John Elliott Rankin, for 32 years a chairman of the House Committee on time than to take care of the disabled vet Representative in the Congress from the erans and the widows and orphans of those Veterans' Affairs. Always alert to their veterans who fight in the defense of our State of Mississippi. His entire adult rights and needs, Mr. Rankin never lost country. life was spent as a servant of the State an opportunity to lead the fight for vet of Mississippi and the United States, erans' benefits. The second quality of our late col both of which he served with dedication As a stanch supporter of the Tennes league's character found in his response and distinction. His was a service of see Valley Authority, he contributed in to the presentation in 1941 was his deep devotion to what he believed to be right, a remarkable way to the health, happi and abiding love for his fellow man. We to his constituents, his State, and his ness and well-being of thousands of all know that John Rankin's friendship country. families throughout the South. His in departed from party lines. Again I quote John Rankin's contributions to his terest in people knew no bounds and he from his remarks: State and Nation were many, but he will never lost his sympathetic regard for his Someone has said that those friendships always be remembered as the "Father of fellow man. To him the welfare of the that spring up between the members of the TVA." He was always a champion of average man was of paramount im two political parties in the Congress are the flowers that overhang the walls of party poli the TVA and REA which meant so much portance. tics. I want to say to you that they afford not only to his own section of the coun He was at one time instrumental in some of the finest friendships I have known. try but to our entire Nation. His efforts preventing the abolishment of the House and work will remain a shrine, a living Un-American Activities Committee. As Mr. Speaker, therefore, I find myself memorial to him for all of those who a member of this committee, he con in the position of believing that the come after him. stantly fought for its existence as a safe finest tribute I can accord our deceased I extend my deepest sympathy to Mrs. guard against communism in this colleague is to repeat his own words. I rejoice that it was my privilege to Rankin and his daughter. country. Mrs. BOLTON. Mr. Speaker, so many The name of John Rankin will be long serve in the Congress and on the House Committee on Veterans' Affairs with good and true things have been said remembered-not only in Mississippi and about the late John Rankin, of Mississip the South, but throughout the Nation. John Rankin. He will be remembered with admiration and with affection. The pi, that it is difficult to add to these I am certain that Mrs. Rankin, his loyal tributes. However, I must say a word, and devoted wife, and their lovely courage with which he carried his con victions was exemplary, indeed. To his because John Rankin increased my daughter, Annie Laurie, will find much knowledge and added to the joy that is comfort and consolation in the knowl wife and daughter I extend profound sympathy in their great loss. mine as a Member of Congress. edge that he lived a full and worthwhile I am especially indebted to him for the life. Mr. EVINS. Mr. Speaker, it was with Mr. VANZANDT. Mr. Speaker, the much sadness that I learned during the help he gave me in the matter of ridding recess of the Congress of the passing of our Great J rakes of the lampreys. His Honorable John Elliott Rankin, an illus knowledge of communism and of the trious Member of the House of Repre~ our former colleague, the late Honorable sentatives for 16 consecutive terms, who John E. Rankin, of Mississippi. Communist infiltrations into this coun died on November 26, 1960, will be re Congressman Rankin served in the try were of inestimable help to me, and membered as one of the outstanding House of Representatives for 32 years I shall never cease to be grateful for his public servants of our time. before his retirement in 1953 . and was generosity in all these matters. John Rankin represented with distinc one of the most colorful, forceful, and Those who never heard him quote from tion the old First District of Mississippi dedicated Members to serve in the House. everything, from the Bible and Shake for 32 years-years which were exceed John Rankin was a champion of the speare to some of the great speeches of ingly critical in our country's history people of his area-the South-and a the Congress have missed something rich years that literally reshaped the political firm and devoted advocate of improving and rare. and economic life of the United States. and bettering the way of life of the peo So today, Mr. Speaker, I want to join Mr. Rankin will be remembered, with ple of our Nation. The Tennessee Val my colleagues in these few words of ap the late Senator George Norris, Republi ley Authority and the Rural Electrifica preciation of a man who served here with can of Nebraska, as coauthor of the bill tion Administration were among his all of his heart and mind. To his widow that created the Tennessee Valley Au great interests. He was active in fight and his daughter do I extend my sym thority. He served his constituents and ing for legislation to create these two pathy as the.r mourn his going, even his Nation with unselfish zeal. important Federal agencies and always though they rejoice that he has gone There are innumerable enviable quali was a vigorous supporter for the full de free. ties to be found in the character of John velopment of the TVA and the rural Mr. BOYKIN. Mr. Speaker, our mu Rankin, but I should like to emphasize electrification program. tual dear friend, the Honorable THOMAS two in particular which he exhibited He served as chairman of the House G. ABERNETHY, of Mississippi, paid a with fiery courage. Committee on Veterans' Affairs for many great tribute to our beloved colleague, I recall an incident in 1941 when an years and was a powerful and effective who has gone to his reward, Congress oil painting of Chairman John Rankin chairman. During my early years of man John Rankin, of Tupelo, Miss. was presented to the ·Committee on service in the Congress, I was honored Well, I doubt if anything can be added World War Veterans' Legislation. There to serve on the Veterans' Affairs Com- to what TOM ABERNETHY had to say, but 96 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE January 4 I agree with TOM ABERNETHY that every pleted or under construction in every Mr. PATMAN. Mr. Speaker, I desire to thing he said about our good friend and section of the United States attest to join my colleague from Oklahoma [Mr. colleague, John Rankin, was true. I the constructive congressional service of ALBERT] in paying tribute to our distin worked with him a quarter of a century the distinguished gentleman from Ohio, guished colleague from Ohio, the Hon and what a worker he was, and what Mr. KIRWAN. orable MIKE KIRWAN, for the splendid a thinker. I remember one day some It may be truly said of the gentleman work performed by him for the Demo body mentioned something on the Re from Ohio that during his long years in cratic Party in the recent campaign. publican side about the mockingbird, this body he has rendered tremendous Mr. KIRWAN is a highly respected and John Rankin just really popped up service to the great Democratic Party. Member of this great body. I do not or shot up on our side of the aisle and More important still, he has rendered know of anyone who is held in higher went to the microphone and recited that tremendous service to the United States esteem and greater respect than the Hon great poem about the mockingbird. I of America. orable MIKE KIRWAN. He is particularly still have it, and if I could find it right Mr. BROOKS of Louisiana. Mr. admired by the Democrats for the fine now, I would include it with these re Speaker, will the gentleman yield? job he did last year. Certainly, by rea marks. There are so many things and Mr. ALBERT. I yield to the gentle son of his standing in this House and so many sayings, and so much poetry, man from Louisiana. his standing in the country, he is entitled so much that we could say about John Mr. BROOKS of Louisiana. Mr. to great credit for the victory that was Rankin. He did serve his district, he Speaker, I want to join the gentleman won by the Democrats in 1960. did serve his State and this Nation well, from Oklahoma, Mr. CARL ALBERT, in Mr. ALBERT. I thank the gentleman and for a long, long time. His wonderful his great tribute to our colleague, MIKE from Texas. Mr. Speaker, at this time I wife and daughter were right here by KIRWAN of Ohio. MIKE has been a yield to the gentleman from Utah [Mr. his side, your side and my side, and we friend of mine for many years and has KING]. all loved and respected the great John been a most loyal and able Democrat. Mr. KING of Utah. Mr. Speaker, I Rankin from the wonderful, wonderful He has never been too tired to take the join the gentleman from Oklahoma in State of Mississippi. trail again. There is no more lo.yal and paying tribute to the Honorable MICHAEL capable Democrat in Congress than is J. KIRWAN. I do not know whether it is our colleague, Mr. KIRWAN. generally known, but the Democratic THE HONORABLE MICHAEL J. And MIKE has done all of this without congressional campaign committee came KIRWAN shirking in any sense his congressional into existence some 120 years ago, and The SPEAKER. The Chair recognizes duties. In handling the affairs of a although I have not researched the mat the gentleman from Oklahoma [Mr. great Appropriations Subcommittee, he ter, my impression is that this commit ALBERT]. has provide.c;idrnt~of.fte..Q:i..!'!, Gnl~- • ..... --· ~u~, ;::;~~~c;::;uu-.u, tj~mv~tgncf",.. 1tffitieln~a;--:N.ll:!tri.ara."'-'k."CM1ege:- "'"~-"---·· ,..,~ .. ~-~ lege, Rt. Rev. Msgr. Joseph P. Burke~ J.C.D., and great American. Commenting on the progress of the pastor of St. Patrick's Church; Rt. Rev. Tim- Mr. BOYKIN. Mr. Speaker, this college during that 13-year span, His othy F. O'Leary, Rt. Rev. Msgr. Joseph David, morning one of the great leaders in this Eminence said: Ph. D., pastor of St. Anthony's Church; Rt. House, and everywhere else he goes, the In this age of science and technology we Rev. Msgr. Francis M. Juras, pastor of St. Honorable JoHN McCoRMACK, majority all realized from the beginning the pressing Francis Church; Rt. Rev. Peter T. Linehan, leader of the Democratic side of the need for a school of engineering under V.F.P.P., Rt. Rev. John J. Murray, Rt. Rev. House, made a speech. It is a wonderful Catholic auspices. • * * There was no engi M. P. Stapleton, St. John's Seminary, Brigh- speech, about another outstanding neering school in all New England identified ton; Rt. Rev. John J. Twiss, Rt. Rev. William leader and another great and good with any Catholic college. It is a splendid F. Reilly, Rt. Rev. Lawrence J. Riley, tribute to the courage and ingenuity of the Brighton; Rt. Rev. L. A. Sikora, Rt. Rev. friend, and last but not least, an ever- Augustinian Fathers that they have devel Msgr. Peter Abouzeid, B.S., pastor of St. lasting, outstanding, true-blue Demo- oped a youthful, promising and modern Joseph's Church; Very Rev. Michael P. Walsh, crat, the Honorable MICHAEL J. KIRWAN, engineering school that aspires to become S.J., Boston College president; Rev. Richard of Ohio. Well, of course, Mr. Speaker, one of the outstanding engineering Echools H. Sullivan, Stonehill College; Very Rev. you know MIKE KIRWAN; we all do. He on the eastern coast. Gerald F. McCarthy, O.F.B., prior, St. An- selm's Abbey, Manchester, N.H.; Rev. James is a very quiet man; he is a very hard By his tremendous f·aith in education, E. Fitzgerald, Fairfield University; Rev. worker; he is a very serious man; he is Cardinal Cushing is doing a great service Clarence Laplant, O.F.M., St. Francis College, a deep thinker; he has a great brain and to his church, to the Commonwealth of Biddeford, Me.; representing Very Rev. Ray- such an understanding heart; and he Massachusetts, and to the Nation. mond Swords, S.J., president of Holy Cross, doesn't talk much, on the floor or any- In recognition thereof, I include in the was Rev. Patrick J . Higgins; Rt. Rev. John where else, but when he does, like you, RECORD the following account of the S. Seton. Very Rev. Henry B. Smith, O.S.A., St. Augustine's, Andover; Brother Hugh E. what he says counts. cardinal's enrollment into the order, and Sheridan, F.M.S., Central Catholic High Well, I just want to say that every- the address he gave on that occasion. It School; Rev. Daniel G. Sullivan, Sacred Heart, thing that my beloved friend and our is titled: "Cardinal Honored at Merri Bradford; Rev. James A. Wenzel, O.S.A., St. leader on the Democratic side, the Hon- mack College" from the September 23, Augustine's Andover; Very Rev. Charles E. orable JoHN McCORMACK, said was true- 1960 edition of the Lawrence Eagle-Trib Bauman, O.S.A., Jamaica, Long Island and more than true-and I wish there were une, published in Lawrence, Mass.: · Very Rev. Francis L. Dennis, O.S.A., Augus- tinian College, Washington. something else that we could add to that. CARDINAL HONORED AT MERRIMACK COLLEGE But not only the Democrats, but the Re Very Rev. John J. Coffey, O.S.A., Novitiate, "I have come to Merrimack College on publicans, know they can count on MIKE Staten Island, N.Y.; Rev. Thomas Dillon, many occasions, for various reasons and in O.S.A., New Hamburg, N.Y.; Rev. Joseph A. KIRWAN just as they can on you when behalf of many causes. None of these visits Duffey, O.S.A., Villanova University; Very you tell them anything. I have known can compare with that of this day when we Rev. William T. Eagan, O.S.A., Bonner High him so long and so well, and I think it give thanks to Almighty God for the great School, Drexel Hill, Pa.; Rev. Daniel P. Falvey, was so wonderful for our leader, JoHN blessings that He has bestowed upon me O.S.A., Villanova University; Rev. Joseph J. McCoRMACK, to say the wonderful things through my enrollment as a member of the Gildea, O.S.A., vice president in charge of that he had to say about our great col Augustinian Order." academic affairs, Villanova; Very Rev. James These were the opening remarks of His league and leader, MIKE KIRWAN. M. Hurley, O.S.A., St. Nicholas of Tolentine, Eminence Richard Cardinal CUshing Thurs N.Y.; Rev. Denis J. Kavanaugh, O.S.A., St. Again, I Will say that MIKE KIRWAN day morning where, before a standing room Nicholas of Tolentine, N.Y.; Very Rev. C. C. has served his district, his great State of crowd of students, laymen, and clergy in the McHale, O.S.A., representing Very Rev. John Ohio and this Nation well. Whatever he Collegiate Church of Christ the Teacher, he L. Seary, O.S.A., provincial of Chicago, ll1.; does, he does well, and wherever he goes was made an honorary member of the Order Rev. Edward V. Stanford, O.S.A., Villanova; and wherever he is known, and the of Friar Hermits of St. Augustine, a cere Very Rev. Edward A. Moran, O.S.A., Chestnut people he works with, I mean all right mony said to be one of the most important Hill, Pa.; Rev. Ernest J. Autch, O.S.A., in the 15-year history of Merrimack College. thinking people, will love and respect Church of the Assumption; Rev. Thomas J. Prior to the enrollment of the cardinal Blessington, St. Mary's; Rev. C. F. Cahill, St. this great American, MIKE KIRWAN of into the order, the procession of priests filed Joseph's, Salem, N.H.; Rev. James I. Carroll; Ohio. into the church following the entire student Rev. John V. Casey, O.S.A., St. Mary's; Very body and prominent members of the lay Rev. Edward J . Carney, O.S.A., pastor of St. world. Very Rev. James A. Donnellan, O.S.A., Mary's Parish; Brother Claver, Secred Heart CARDINAL CUSHING HONORED BY prior provincial, Province of St. Thomas of School, Shawsheen; Rev. Samuel E. D'Angelo, THE ORDER OF FRIAR HERMITS Villanova, celebrated the Mass with Rt. Rev. O.S.A., St. Mary's; Rev. Francis J. Dinan, St. Francis R. Rossiter acting as master of cere Patrick's; Rev. P. Forestier, S.M., chaplain, OF ST. AUGUSTINE monies and Rev. Edwa.rd L. Daley as assist Bon Secours Hospital; Rev. James E. Hannan, Mr. LANE. Mr. Speaker, I ask unani ant master of ceremonies. O.S.A., St .. Laurence's; Rev. James J. Hession, mous consent to address the House for During the Mass, the cardinal sat to the St. Michael's, North Andover; Rev. Francis J. 1 minute and to revise and extend my left of the altar flanked by Very Rev. Vincent Horgan; Very Rev. John Jadaa, rector, St. A. McQuade, O.S.A., and Rev. John A. Kle Basin's Seminary, Methuen; Very Rev. Paul remarks and include extraneous matter. kotka, O.S.A., president of Villanova Uni M. Judson, O.S.A., pastor of St. Augustine's The SPEAKER. Is there objection versity. Church; Very Rev. Wilbert Kirk, O.S.A., St. to the request of the gentleman from Among those attending were: Rev. John Laurence's Church; Rev. Guy A. LeBel, S.M., Massachusetts? Lane, North Reading; Rev. Edmund W. St. Theresa's Church, Methuen and Rev. Wil There was no objection. Croke, Wilmington; Rev. John A. Keegan, liam A. Long, pastor of St. Michael's, North Haverhill; Rev. James Glennon, O.S.A., St. Mr. LANE. Mr. Speaker, His Emi Andover. Mary's; Rev. Bernard O'Dowd, O.S.A., St. Rev. James J. McCusker, O.S.A., St. Mary's; nence Richard Cardinal Cushing of Augustine's; Rev. Alfred M. Natali, O.S.A., Rev. Louis A. McMenamin, O.S.A., St. Augus Boston is noted for his inspirational zeal St. Augustine's; Rev. Cipriano Vicente, tine's; Brother Gilroy, St. John's Preparatory and the good works that have flowed O.S.A., the following Merrimack College School, Danvers; Rev. Eugene P. McNamara, from it. ''He has gone out among the priests: St. Patrick's; Rev. Forrest S. Donahue, S.J., ·people" and they have responded to his Rev. Mariano Arconada, O.S.A., Rev. Campion Hall; Rev. Edward M. Sullivan, purposeful vision with the dynamic co Thomas A. Burke, O.S.A., Rev. Edward J. S.J., Campion Hall; Rev. William S. Mullen Burns, O.S.A., Rev. Donald X. Burt, O.S.A., and Rev. John A. M. Walsh, O.S.A. of Holy operation that has financed many chari Rev. W11liam G. CUllen, O.S.A., Rev. Edward table programs and has built many new Rosary Parish. L. Daley, O.S.A., Rev. Ezra J. Fenton, O.S.A., Highlights of the Cardinal's exceptional hospitals and schools throughout Massa Rev. Joseph A. Flaherty, O.S.A., Rev. Michael chusetts. T. McGinnis, O.S.A., Rev. Henry J Mcintyre, address: One of his greatest achievements was O.S.A., Rev. Henry J. Matthews, O.S.A., Very "Through the kindness of the prior gen Rev. Arthur B. Maxwell, O.S.A., Rev. William eral at Rome, the Most Reverend Lucian the building of Merrimack College in Rubio, and the prior provincial of the Prov North Andover, Mass. T. Monahan, O.S.A., Rev. Joseph P. Murray, O.S.A., Rev. William Murray, O.S.A., Rev. ince of St. Thomas of Villanova, the Very Thirteen years from the day when he Christian A. Retera, O.S.A., Rev. Patrick J. Reverend James A. Donnellan, I have been had presided at the mass opening the Rice, O.S.A., Rev. Paul C. Thabault, O.S.A., invested with the habit of the Friar Hermits, college, this tireless prelate was made an and Rev. Thomas F. Walsh, O.S.A. thereby entitling me to a share of all the 1961 CONGRESSIONAL ~RECORD.:_:_ HOUSE 99 spiritual merits and fruits of the works and business, scientific, and industrial corpora "Pray daily that God may continue to bless prayers of Augustinians throughout the tions that have expanded throughout this our endeavors, as I pray that He will bless and world. area in recent years. The progress of Merri be with you and yours tOday and forever. "The father general and the father provin mack School of Engineering is associated Amen." cial have been most generous in expressing with their progress. Rev. Joseph P. Murray, O.S.A. of Merri their gratitude for what we, as archbishop "Ours is an age of science and technology. mack College, read the decree of affiliation in of Boston, have done for the Augustinians Communism today, shows what may happen Latin and Very Rev. Vincent A. McQuade, through our interest in Merrimack College. when science and progress turns away from O.S.A., Ph.D., president of the college read it They have conferred upon me the greatest God. Men forget their loyalties, become in English. The decree was read as the gift from their spiritual treasures. I shall enamored with materialism and its accom cardinal changed from his habit to that of cherish the honor for time and eternity. plishments, strive to become masters of their a member of the Order of St. Augustine. "In undertaking the foundation of Mer· own destiny and conquerors of the world. The decree: rimack College the Augustinians gave more We need scientists. We need t echnologists. "The Most Reverend Lucia Rubio, prior than all others. They gave their heart's We need engineers. But we need God loving general of the Order of Friar Hermits of St. blood. Responding to my earnest appeal, and God fearing men who while plumbing Augustine to His Eminence the Most Rev they started from nothing and put into the the depths of scientific kn owledge and en erend Cardinal Richard James Cushing, erection of this institution of higher learn larging the horizons of engineering accom archbishop of Boston. ing, their best administrators, their younger plishments, know and realize that man is "It is fitting that we bestow upon those and most highly trained scholars and teach a creature of God, m ade to know love and who have merited the praise and gratitude ers. They have continued year after year serve God in this life and to be h appy for of our Augustinian family whatever extraor to replace and increase the religious staff ever with Him in eternity. Well-trained, dinary favors we are empowered to give. and to advance financial aid whenever nec competent, able, and learned scient ists and "Wherefore by virtue of this decree, essA"y. This has involved many sacrifices engineers are greatly needed today to meet humbly imitating the perfect dispensers of or_ their part with the result that the Arch the threats and force of materialism and God's manifold graces, and by virtue of the diocese of Boston is blessed with a higher atheism. Here at Merrimack they are trained authority of our office, we affiliate you as one institution of learning devoted to the spe to be saints as well as scholars; loyal citi who has shown by special affection and love cial needs of Merrimack Valley and else zens of the city of God as well as city of for our order. We welcome you to our where. man. brotherhood and consider you a spiritual "As cofounder of Merrimack College I re "By recalling the spiritual and academic guardian of Augustinians. call that it was just 13 years ago today when tradition of the Augustinian Order we can "By indult of the Holy See, we joyfully I presided at the mass opening the college. appreciate that Merrimack College, the joint grant to you participation both in life and On a rainy, chilling morning I proceeded over enterprise of the Augustinian Fathers and after death, in all the masses, prayers, fasts, the rough roads to bless and dedicate the the archbishop of Boston, has a parallel with in every spiritual work performed with God's first classroom building. Then, as now, the genius of St. Augustine. He was a help, by the brothers and sisters of our Merrimack College was eager to advance and bishop of one of the greatest dioceses in the order, wherever they may be in the whole to meet any program that called for prompt early church, the diocese of Hippo in north Christian world. action. At that time there were 165 stu Africa; he was an able administrator, the "Granted in Rome, at the general curia on dents in one building. It was a humble but founder of a religious order to help carry the feast of Saint Augustine, August 28, courageous beginning. There were many dif out the divine mission of the church, sig 1960. ficulties to overcome, many obstacles in the nifying the close association of the Augus "Father LUCIAN RUBIO, way of success, but God blessed the endeavor tinians with the successors of the Apostles "Prior General, O.E.S.A. and the infant institution developed and and in the present instance with the arch "Father SALUSTIANUS MIGUELEZ, matured. bishop of Boston in carrying out the works "Secretary of the Order." "The forward progress has been incredi which the diocese needed and for which they Rt. Rev. Francis R. Rossiter acted as ble, breathtaking in rapidity and brilliant in were specially qualified. master of ceremonies and Rev. Edward L. execution. The growth in the student body "The close association of the Augustinians Daley, O.S.A., assistant master of ceremonies. has been even more spectacular. It has with the work of the episcopate is character Following a talk by the cardinal which increased almost twentyfold in a little more istic of the Order of St. Augustine. Her mis lasted close to an hour, the procession of than a decade. Most significant of all, the sionary and academic labors in Mexico, Peru, visiting priests and clergy taking part in the high academic standards and scholastic Colombia, Brazil, Ecuador, the Phllippines, colorful and solemn ceremonies, formed once achievements have not suffered in this un Japan, China, India, Persia, Armenia, again and proceeded to the new men and precedented multiplication of physical facili Georgia, Indochina, Malaya, Africa, Bolivia, women's dormitories where they were blessed ties, but have increased and brought forth and Australia are historic and heroic. To and dedicated by the cardinal. gratifying results. Some 1,500 men and day, the most reverend prior general, rules women have been graduated from these over a total of over 3,800 Augustinians, dis halls; many of these have pursued advanced tributed throughout 400 houses in 24 prov AREA OF REDEVELOPMENT inces and 10 vice provinces. studies in the best universities of the coun Mr. FLOOD. Mr. Speaker, I ask try and have merited the highest degree of "Here in America over 700 Augustinians scholarship-doctorates in chemistry, medi serve in 17 dioceses staffing S colleges, unanimous consent to address the House cine, biology, philosophy, economics and the several seminaries, numerous high schools for 1 minute and to revise and extend arts. and parishes. They have sent missionaries my remarks. "This is my great day at Merrimack when to Japan and chaplains into the armed serv The SPEAKER. Is there objection they honor me with the privilege of wearing ices. Locally the Augustinians have labored in the archdiocese of Boston for over a hun to the request of the gentleman from in my own right the religious habit of their Pennsylvania? great order. But it is also their great day dred years. Many of them such as Father for without them there would be no Mer James T. O'Re1lly have contributed mightily There was no objection. rimack College. to the religious life of the area. Merrimack Mr. FLOOD. Mr. Speaker, yesterday "In this age of science and technology we College is but the latest fiowering of the I introduced in the House the new area all realized from the very beginning the labors of many sons of Augustine who have redevelopment bill for the distressed eco pressing need for a school of engineering labored in this area, true to the spiritual, academic and missionary tradition of their nomic areas of the Nation. This will be under Catholic auspices. We knew the aca the new administration bill and will have demic requirements were stringent, the fi father, St. Augustine. nancial demands overwhelming-for no col "It was Augustine, too, who said that there the support of President-elect Kennedy, legiate institution can support itself, let is no standing still; either we push upward who has repeatedly urged the passage of alone expand, on tuitions alone. Yet the or we go downward. And so while I look with this legislation. need was there. There was no engineering great satisfaction at the truly ~erculean ac Similar legislation was twice vetoed by school in all New England identified with complishments of this college I see before President Eisenhower. us other tasks thalt call for action. any Catholic college. It is a splendid tribute At high noon on the first minute of the to the courage and ingenuity of the Augus "The men of Merrimack and the ladies of tinian Fathers that they have developed ·a Merrimack, those who have answered the first hour of the first day of the 1st ses youthful, promising, and modern engineer appeals, all whom we embrace as benefactors. sion of the ·a7th Congress, in keeping ing school that aspires to become one of the As cofounder with my brethren of the Au with my pledge to do so, I introduced the outstanding engineering schools on the east gustinian Order, I wish to express my thanks new Flood-Douglas bill. Senator DouG ern coast. This accomplishment adds special and appreciation to all these and other LAS will introduce the bill in the Senate lustre to the academic excellence of Merri friends of the college who have seen it grow today. mack College and augurs well for the pros from helpless infancy to a strong maturity. perity of the future of this part of our coun Their vision and encouragement, their con The bill, as is well known, deals with try. I hope that as this school of engineer fidence and generosity are prominent in my problems of areas of chronic unemploy ing grows to full maturity, and strives to thoughts and prayer today. Let us all go ment. · President-elect Kennedy said on meet all the demands .of modern scientific forward. We are on the threshold of greater January 2, 1961, upon receiving the re progress, it will merit the financial aid of accomplishments. We must not stand st111. port of the special committee named by 100 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - · HOUSE Januar_y 4 him to ·consider these problems, on to take their places in the new plants The Sugar Act expires on March 31 which committee I served as adviser: and developments or in the expansion of of this year. There is not much time. It would be a mistake to consider the prob existing facilities in the depressed areas. I hope the Agriculture Committee will lems of chronic unemployment and under I have every reason to believe that the get right to work on this difficult problem. employment solely in the context of the areas Flood-Douglas bill will be the first of the directly affected. The entire Nation suffers so-called must bills of President-elect when there is prolonged hardship in any Kennedy's new administration and, I SMALL BUSINESS REPORTS locality. know, this will gladden the hearts of my AVAILABLE After the long, hard fight of the past people of Luzerne County, Pa., who have Mr. PATMAN. Mr. Speaker, I ask several years to pass the Flood-Douglas been hoping and praying for this recog unanimous consent to extend my re bill, I am more than happy now to spon nition of Federal responsibility to help marks at this point in the RECORD and sor the new bill with the approval of the our people help themselves and to pro include extraneous matter. President-elect and to feel certain that vide jobs for men who want to work. The SPEAKER. Is there objection the bill will speedily pass the Congress Mr. Speaker, the new area redevelop to the request of the gentleman from and finally be signed into law. The bill, ment bill which I introduced today will Texas? in its broad purpose, strikes at the des be today introduced in the Senate by the There was no objection. perate problems of chronic unemploy distinguished Senator from Illinois [Mr. Mr. PATMAN. Mr. Speaker, I would ment in specified areas of the- Nation DouGLAS], who served as chairman of the like to announce that the reports issued and, of course, applies directly to the Task Force on Area Redevelopment, ap just recently by the Small Business situation in Luzerne County, Pa. pointed, as you will recall, by President Committee are now available for dis The bill is basically the same as the elect Kennedy. The report was made to tribution to the Members and their con one passed twice by the Congress here Mr. Kennedy, and as the result of that stituents. One of these reports is the tofore and twice vetoed by President report this bill was prepared. It will be committee's final report which describes Eisenhower. known as House bill No. 5. I will repeat the results of the investigations and The total amount called for is $389.5 the number, House bill No. 5. studies conducted by the committee dur million. It provides $100 million in the I urge and request that my colleagues ing the 86th Congress. It is about 200 loan fund for private projects. The pe on both sides of the aisle join me in pages long but the conclusions and rec riod of the loan will be for 25 years; the sponsoring this bill. You can obtain a ommendations chapter is quite brief. It interest rate will average about 4% per copy of the bill at your leisure, but I will lists the committee's 29 recommenda cent, figured on the comparable rates of be grateful if as soon as possible as many tions in behalf of small business. U.S. Government obligations of the long of you as care to will get a copy of this In addition to its final report, the com range type of 10 years and over, plus new area redevelopment bill. I repeat, mittee has released eight additional re one-half of 1 percent divided into one it is H.R. 5. ports, each of which deals with a specific quarter for administrative purposes and type of problem facing small business one-quarter for sinking fund generally at this time. intended to meet defaulting obligations. AMENDING THE SUGAR ACT OF Copies of these eight additional re There is a second $100 million of loans 1948 ports are also available to the Members for areas of underemployment with the Mr. BREEDING. Mr. Speaker, I ask and their constituents. A listing and term of the loan and the interest rates unanimous consent to address the House brief description of each of these eight the same as set up for the loans for pri for 1 minute and to revise and extend reports follows: vate projects. There is a third $100 my remarks. LIST OF REPORTS IN ADDITION TO THE COMMIT million earmarked as loans for public The SPEAKER. Is there objection TEE'S .FINAL REPORT ISSUED RECENTLY BY facilities such as the development of in to the request of the gentleman from HOUSE SMALL BUSINESS COMMITTEE Now dustrial parks, which I believe, in the Kansas? AVAILABLE FOR DISTRIBUTION TO MEMBERS Luzerne County area, can be utilized for There was no objection. AND CONSTITUENTS the filling of mine strippings and aban Mr. BREEDING. Mr. Speaker, I have I. STATUS OF SMALL BUSINESS IN RETAIL TRADE doned workings to be made suitable for joined the gentleman from Texas [Mr. This is a staff report which describes how industrial parks as well as acquisition of RoGERS] and other Members in introduc various types of small business retailers are these sites and other sites to be cleared ing legislation to amend the Sugar Act faring in their efforts to compete against the for industrial parks. This loan section chains. It shows that the chain organiza of 1948. tions, and especially the big ones, have in will also include sewers, water lines, and Briefly stated, the legislation would in creased substantially their share of the total other public utilities essential to indus crease by about 250,000 acres the acre retail market in certain areas of retail trade. trial development under the strict condi age allotment for domestic sugar beet In 30 big cities, according to the report, the tions that have appeared in all former producers, and provide an equitable chains have captured from 80 to 90 percent Flood-Douglas legislation. formula for distributing the additional of all retail business. A third provision is for $75 million, in acreage among growers in old and new The report is highly objective and based this case, grants instead of loans, also upon data obtained within the past 2 or 3 growing areas. months from the Bureau of the Census. It for public facilities under very rigid re My concern, Mr. Speaker, is to pro supplies interesting information concerning strictions to communities as spelled out vide additional acreage for domestic pro many different classes and types of retail in the bill. ducers of our country. trade. The interest rate on the public facility Under the present legislation, we are, II. CONCENTRATION IN BANKS AND SMALL loans is slightly different than on the for all practical purposes, barred from BUSINESS other loan provision. The public facility expanding acreage. A staff report dealing with the transition interest rate will be computed on the Even with the removal of acreage con that has occurred in the commercial bank basis of both the long-term and short trols on sugar beets we cannot look for ing business in this country from the tra term comparable rates of such Govern any expansion. There simply does not ditional independently owned unit bank to ment obligations and will come out at the present dominance of chain banks and exist the refining capacity to handle any branch banks. It shows that concentration about 3 Y4 to 3% percent, something like additional production in our area. in commercial banking has climbed to a the so-called college rate on college I believe the permanent changes pro point where the independent unit banks have loans. vided in this legislation will be an incen only about 30 percent of the Nation's total There is another provision for tech tive for private companies to build new banking deposits and loans. In some States nical assistance to plan and aid in plan refining capacity. They need assur branch banks and holding company banks ning for the depressed area communi ances of permanency in any changes. control more than 90 percent of the total commercial bank resources and loans. Ac ties, $4¥2 million annually, and another After all, they must know their large in cording to the report, 65 giant commercial provision which, in my judgment, is one vestments in new plants wilt" not be banks control more than 40 percent of the of the most important in the bill, a $10 jeopardized by a reduction of any new deposits. million provision to retrain workers in domestic acreage allotment to satisfy the This report is highly objective and based the area and to train unskilled workers demands of some foreign producers. upon data prepared within about the past 2 1961 CONGRESSIONAL .. RECORD ·_ HOUSE 101 months by the Federal Reserve Board and by the subcommittee. Appended to the re BILLS TO HELP ·SMALL BUSINESS the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. port, however, are two statements, one of which describes in some detail the individual Mr. PATMAN. Mr. Speaker, as the lli. SMALL BUSINESS PROBLEMS IN THE DAIRT 87th Congress opened yesterday, Janu INDUSTRY (H. REPT. 2231) views of the subcommittee chairman, Rep resentative JAMES ROOSEVELT. The other ary 3, I introduced several bills de This report describes the competitive statement describes fully the personal views signed to help small business. They are climate in which the Nation's small dairies of Representative WILLIAM H. AVERY, a mi H.R. 11, H.R. 123, H.R. 124, HR. 125, are endeavoring to compete and survive. nority member of the subcommittee. In this Pricing practices of the large chain organi and H.R. 127. form the report deals primarily, and in some AMENDMENT TO ROBINSON-PATMAN ACT zations are documented together with other detail, with the alleged efforts of the major in formation showing that in many cases oil companies to require the lessee-operators H.R. 11 contains the same provisions these pricing practices are threatening to of their stations to handle only those brands as a bill carrying that number and in make it impossible for a locally owned, of tires, batteries, and accessories sponsored hometown, small business dairy to remain in troduced by me in the 86th Congress and by the major oil company. As indicated, the in the 84th and 85th Congresses. It business. The report also explains why leg testimony is in conflict but the entire docu islation is needed to afford relief to the hard men t explores fully the problem presented. reaffirms the national public policy and pressed independent small business dairy. the purpose of Congress in the laws IV. THE ORGANIZATION AND OPERATION OF THE against unlawful restraints and monop SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (H. REPT. MEDICAL AND HOSPITAL CARE olies, commonly designated antitrust NO. 1252) laws, which among other things prohibit Mr. DULSKI. Mr. Speaker, I ask This report describes and explains the price discrimination. It will aid in in various duties of the agency and points out unanimous consent to address the House telligent, fair, and effective administra those areas in which it has discharged these for 1 minute and to revise and extend tion and enforcement, strengthen the duties in a (1) good, (2) acceptable, and (3) my remarks. Clayton Act as amended by the Robin unsatisfactory manner. The report discusses The SPEAKER. Is there objection to son-Patman Act and the protection and recommends the type of legislation be the request of the gentleman from New which it affords to independent business. lieved to be needed to assist the agency to York? The Congress reaffirms that the purpose perform its various tasks. In the report There was no objection. emphasis is placed upon the new Small Busi of the antitrust laws in prohibiting price ness Investment Act and explains fully how Mr. DULSKI. Mr. Speaker, I have to discriminations is to secure equality of this act can be of great benefit to small busi day introduced a bill, known in the last opportunity to all persons to compete in ness. Part II of the hearings lists the num Congress as the Forand bill. trade or business and to preserve com ber of loans granted by the agency in each I am so strongly convinced of the need petition where it exists, to restore it congressional district. for legislation of this type that I felt where it is destroyed, and to permit it to V. PROPRIETARY RIGHTS AND DATA (H. REPT. NO. compelled to introduce Mr. Forand's spring up in new fields. 2230) bill in this session. These objects and purposes would be This report provides a constructive discus The whole question of medical and accomplished through an amendme::._t to sion of problems associated with the protec hospital care has taken on new signifi the Clayton Antitrust,Act so as to pro tion of proprietary rights in design, tech cance in the light of rapidly increasing vide that any person, partnership, or nique, and know-how developed by small costs in this field. I am acquainted with business concerns at their own expense. It corporation selling goods, wares, or mer friends and constituents who have suf chandise in interstate commerce at shows how the procurement regulations of fered chronic illnesses necessitating ex the Department of Defense disregard the discriminatory prices would have an proprietary rights in data of the small busi tended hospitalization, and their entire absolute defense to a charge that such ness concerns. One of the recommendations life savings have been eaten up by these discriminatory prices violate the Robin advanced calls for the creation of an ad hoc costs. son-Patman Act unless the effect of such committee to revise the procurement regula We are proud of our medical system discriminatory pricing would be to sub tions. the greatest in the world. Our doctors stantially lessen competition or tend to VI. SMALL BUSINESS IN THE ALUMINUM are the most dedicated and among the create a monopoly in any line of com INDUSTRY (H. REPT. NO. 2232) best. They work under our free system, merce. This legislation has become nec This document explains the plight of non like nearly everyone else in our economy, and that is the way it should be. essary because the Supreme Court of the integrated small business fabricators and United States in the case of Federal processors in the aluminum industry. It ex In my humble opinion, the present plains the inequitable price structure be social security benefits and the present Trade Commission v. Standard Oil Com tween the basic metal and the finished or voluntary medical insurance plans, most pany of Indiana (340 U.S. 231), held that semifinished product. This alleged price of which are too costly, cannot ade any large firm such as the Standard Oil squeeze is described as posing a serious Company of Indiana is immune from threat to the small business members of this quately discharge the ensuing obliga prosecution under our antitrust laws for growing industry. The report explains also tion of providing proper medical and discriminating in prices, even though the those problems stemming from the increased hospital care for most of our senior amounts of aluminum scrap being exported citizens. effect of such discriminations destroys from the United States. In addition the re This problem is also beyond the means small business and creates monopolies, port discusses the competitive impact felt of local and State governments. There so long as that large firm can show that by small business members of the industry fore, Congress must consider some ac it was discriminating in price to meet the as a result of the sale of molten aluminum tion to make certain that our American prices of some small competitor. to the large automobile manufacturers. people will have adequate medical and SELLERS REQUIRED TO PUBLISH PRICES VII. SMALL BUSINESS PROBLEMS IN FOOD hospital care without bankrupting them DISTRmUTION (H. REPT. NO. 2234) H.R. 123 would amend section 2 (a) of selves. We no longer can ignore the the Clayton Antitrust Act as amended This report describes the results of a plight of our aged citizenry. searching investigation and the related series by the Robinson-Patman Act, to provide of hearings at which testimony was devel I earnestly hope that appropriate steps for and require sellers of goods, wares, oped from both small business and big busi will be taken in this Congress to provide and merchandise in interstate commerce ness regarding the retail grocery trade. In the help that is so urgently needed by to publish their prices, terms, and con the report emphasis is placed upon (1) the the majority of our aged population. ditions of sale. Many of the difficulties buying practices of big chains, (2) the acqui now faced by small business firms stem sit ion of food processing plants, nieatpack from the practices of certain sellers in ing plants, etc., by the big chains, and (3) BILLS TO HELP SMALL BUSINESS legislation needed to remedy the competitive granting and extending secret rebates, handicaps being faced by the small business Mr. PATMAN. Mr. Speaker, I ask discounts, and other under-the-table members of the industry. unanimous consent to extend my re benefits to certain customers in order to VIII. SMALL BUSINESS PROBLEMS IN THE PETRO marks at this point in the RECORD and divert business from honest, competing LEUM INDUSTRY (H. REPT. NO. 2233) to include extraneous matter. small business firms. This practice has This two-page report, as approved by the The SPEAKER. Is there objection been particularly rampant in the sale and committee, recites that further hearings to the request of the gentleman from distribution of dairy products. House should be held to resolve the confiicting Texas? Report No. 2713 in the 85th Congress and testimony developed at recent hearings held There was no objection. House Reports No. 714 and No. 2231 in 102 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE January 4 the 86th Congress, as made by the Small providing that the Government need mission and the Department of Justice Business Committee relating to small only show that the person or firm receiv do not consider that under the existing business problems in the dairy indus ing the discriminatory prices knows, law they are authorized and empowered try, have reported upon and emphasized should know, or has reason to believe to proceed against the practice of selling how this practice of secret rebates, terms, that the prices, payments, and allow at prices below cost simply upon the discounts, and conditions of sale are de ances received are in violation of the law. showing that the effects and results are stroying small business firms and creat SMALL BUSINESS GIVEN RIGHT TO SUE FOR the substantial lessening of competition ing monopolies to the detriment of pro DAMAGES and tendency to create monopoly. ducers, small business firms and the con H.R. 125 would amend the Clayton Act Many of the States have enacted legis suming public. For example, at page 79 so as to supplement existing laws against lation to combat this practice of selling of House Report No. 2231, issued by the unlawful restraints and monopolies by at prices below cost. The courts have House Small Business Committee on providing that violations of the Robin upheld the State laws, but due to the Small Business Problems in the Dairy son-Patman Act shall constitute viola fact that the law of any State does not Industry, December 22, 1960, is the rec tions of the antitrust laws. The Su reach beyond the State line, it can have ommendation of the Small Business preme Court of the United States on no application to transactions in inter Committee that appropriate legislative January 20, 1958, in the case of National state commerce. The need for Federal committees of the Congress consider the Milk Co. against the Carnation Co., and legislation on the subject to fill this void recommendations of independent dairy Vance against the Safeway Co., by a is apparent. men of proposals for legislation to re 5 to 4 decision, held that section 3 of the This does not mean that a majority of quire publication of prices, discounts, re Robinson-Patman Act is not available to our States have not tried to do their best bates, allowances, commissions, loans small business firms as a basis for pri to meet this problem. More than 30 of and gifts by all sellers. It is believed vate litigation by them in suits for dam the States have laws on this subject. that this legislation deserves serious and ages sustained from price discrimina The statutes in only two or three States favorable consideration early in this term tions and sales at unreasonably low have been found to contain defects suf of the Congress. prices, including those at levels below ficiently for the courts to hold them in CURBS COERCION BY BIG BUYERS cost. ·valid. Those in the other States which have been upheld have been applied in H.R. 124 would amend subsection (f) An important feature of the bill pro vides that small business concerns in a number of instances. Officials of the of section 2 of the Clayton Antitrust Act States understand the need for effective as amended by the Robinson-Patman jured as a result of the things forbidden in the bill may proceed to enjoin the action to meet this problem. For exam Act so as to make it unlawful for any per ple, the Legislature of the State of Lou son engaged in commerce, in the course practices and sue for treble damages for injuries sustained. Today, small busi isiana, in its action on a statute against of such commerce, to receive, directly or sales at prices below cost, in 1958, stated: indirectly, a price, payment, allowance, ness concerns are not permitted to utilize section 3 of the Robinson-Patman Act Whereas it is the intent of the legislature service or facility prohibited by other to prevent the economic destruction of many provisions of the Robinson-Patman Act against monopolistic pricing practices in private litigation Foster Furcolo, statehouse, ing almost impossible burdens of proof applicable to sales at prices below cost, Boston, Mass., with reference to a deci upon the Government in proceedings un the Federal Trade Commission since that sion made at that time by the Supreme der that section. In view of that no time has been reluctant to attack the Judicial Court of Massachusetts, ques really important cases against large practice unless it was shown to be tioning and invalidating the powers of buyers in the food industry have been coupled with a showing of inten~ to de- the Massachusetts Milk Control Commis sustained under that section of the law. stroy competition. In other words, the sion to absolutely fix the prices at which The present bill, H.R. 124, would help Commission now considers that in apply- dairy products are to be sold, made the remedy this situation by making the ing that law to the practice we are dis- following statement: enforcement of subsection (f) of section cussing requires a. standard of proof The question of the milk control com 2 of the Robinson-Patman Act more ef equivalent to the showing of criminal in- · mission's powers haS been somewhat cla.rUled, fective and more easily enforcible by tent to destroy competition. The Com- but we cannot sit by and see ruinous price 1961 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 103 wars destroy the milk dealers, if such price ourselves. This can be very easily done by Banking and CUrrency. In the hope wars are caused by unethical sales below a large national concern such as Sealtest who that the report and recommendations cost. Such price wars inevitably result in operate in many different geographical local monopolies and exorbitant prices to consum ities and are able to finance and subsidize will contribute to the discussion of Mem ers. This has been well established by the a price war against small dairies who sell in bers concerning this most important Congressional Small Business Subcommittee. competition. subject, the report follows: We have always maintained that the proper By using these unfair competitive practices DECEMBER 22, 1960. way to end .price wars is by proper law en they would in effect force us out of business Subject: Recommendations on our balance forcement. within 30 to 60 days. Therefore, the urgency of payments and gold outflow. for action is of the most importance. We To: Hon. BRENT SPENCE. Wisconsin's State attorney general, ask that you help us eliminate these unfair From: BYRON L. JOHNSON and HENRY S. John W. Reynolds, in referring to crimi practices as quickly as possible by contact REUSS. nal actions brought by his State under ing Senator LYNDON B. JOHNSON, of Texas, In the past 3 weeks, we have talked to its own law against three large multiunit and asking him to supply this information financial and monetary authorities, public dairy processors, commented as follows: to Congressman WRIGHT PATMAN. and private, in the United Kingdom, France, West Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. There are many who feel that unless the These charges by representatives of From these talks, we conclude that funda illegal practices of some multiunit dairies small firms are similar to complaints re mental confidence in the dollar, and in the can be stopped, most, if not all, of the inde ceived from representatives of other potential strength of our economy, is not pendent dairies in Wisconsin will eventually small firms doing business in other parts impaired. be forced to sell out. of the country. In some of the areas Two extremes are to be avoided. On the Communities which lose their independ where the nationwide distributors have one hand, intemperate talk and hysterical ent dairies end up paying higher prices for action concerning the dollar can only help milk. Jobs are lost, taxes are lost, and the gained monopoly control of prices, the public is paying higher prices than to provoke a real crisis. right and power to make decisions which af On the other hand, it will not do to re fect the welfare of that community are those which prevailed before competition gard our balance of payments and gold out transferred to the distant centers where the was eliminated. Therefore, it should be flow as mere temporary phenomena, which capital of that industry is controlled. emphasized that the proposals we are will right themselves with no effort on our Thus, we are informed by responsible making for legislation have as their prin part. While recently public attention has cipal objective the maintenance of com been focused on short-term matters, such officials who are members of legislatures, as the movement overseas of bank balances the chief legal officers, and high execu petition. Only through preservation of competition can the public be assured of and the gold price flurry in London and tives of our State governments, that leg Zurich, the main problem is a continuous islation against the practice of selling at the low prices provided through com one. Our persistent payments deficit over prices below cost is in the public interest. petition. Prices representing sales made the last 7 years has been caused by the total They point out that legislation prevent temporarily at levels below cost provide size of U.S. capital investment abroad, tour ing sales at prices below cost can serve the public only with temporary advan ism, and our military and economic aid producers, small business firms, and con tages. These advantages are paid for by programs. sumers through the preservation of our other members of the public at the same In the short run, these payments can be time or by the same members of the financed by building up the dollar and gold private competitive enterprise system. 1 public at other times. It is for that and holdings of other nations. In the long run, The House Smal! Business Committee on however, they must be financed out of a Jul} 27, 1959, in House Report No. 714, the other reasons we are discussing that surplus in our trade and service account. 85th Congress, recommended early con we favor legislation which would pro If nothing is done, the situation could sideration by the appropriate legislative hibit sales at prices below cost. We are well get worse rather than better. With full committees of the Congress of proposals against that monopolistic practice be employment at home, and with an increas which would, among other things, pro cause it leads to monopoly controlled ing consumer taste for imports, our imports hibit price discr:minations having the ef prices at high levels. In other words, by could well increase. The initial impact of fighting for legislation which would pro the Common Market and the European Free fect of substantially lessening competi Trade Association may well be to erect bar tion or tending to create a monopoly. hibit sales at prices below cost, we are fighting against high prices as the in riers against American exports to that area. The practice of making sales at prices If the current European boom levels off, so below cost was dramatically brought to evitable result of monopoly control. would our exports. The gap in productivity light during the course of the hearings between ourselves and other manufacturing countries is considerably narrower than in before the Special Subcommittee on THE GOLD QUESTION-REPRESENT recent years; thus our exports may en Small Business Problems in the Dairy In ATIVE PATMAN ADDRESSES THE counter increased competition everywhere. dustry, under the chairmanship of Hon. AMERICAN BANKERS ASSOCIA Each one of these possibilities could increase ToM STEED, and in hearings before Sub our balance-of-payments deficit. committee No.5 on Small Business Prob TION; REPRESENTATIVES JOHN The following recommendations are de lems in the Food Industry, under the SON AND REUSS REPORT ON signed to alleviate this continuing imbal chairmanship Of Hon. JAMES ROOSEVELT. THEIR STUDY TRIP ance in our foreign economic relations. Ob viously, no effort can be made to strike a It will be recalled that during these hear Mr. REUSS. Mr. Speaker, I ask unan perfect balance--the situation is much too ings one witness after another, as offi imous consent to extend my remarks at fluid for that. cials of big business firms, admitted this point in the RECORD and to include We emphatically do not recommend: using the great resources of their com extraneous matter. 1. That we sacrifice maximum economic panies in making sales at prices below The SPEAKER. Is there objection growth and maximum employment at home cost to the detriment of small business. to the request of the gentleman from in order to combat balance-of-payments The practice continues unabated with di1Il.culties. Wisconsin? 2. That we depart from our policy of an devastating effects. Subsequent to the There was no objection. expanding liberalized world trade. conclusion of the hearings before the Mr. REUSS. Mr. Speaker, the ques 3. That we abdicate our international re House Small Business Committee's Spe tion of our gold outftow has continued sponsibility for defense and for economic cial Committee on Dairy Problems, we to engage the attention of members of development. received information that the large firms the House Committee on Banking and 4. That we impose restrictions on Amer are continuing to make sales at prices Currency. ican tourism abroad, or on the export of below cost to eliminate small business During November and December 1960, American capital abroad. :5.rms. On May 14, 1960, a representative 5. That we devalue the dollar. Indeed, a study trip to the major countries of we should indicate our determination that of small business complained to Members Western Europe was undertaken by Rep the value of the dollar be preserved, and ac of the House that the National Dairy resentative Byron L. Johnson, of Colo company this by a broad program of action Products Corp.-Sealtest-was selling rado, and myself, as members of the that will prove that we mean what we say. dairy products in Kentucky at unreason House Committee on Banking and Cur ably low prices, and, in that connection, rency, to inquire into the problems sur 1 It should be noted that the U.S. dollar stated: rounding our balance of payments and and gold position is still the strongest in The unreasonably low price at which these gold outftow. Our report has been made, the world, and that at least some of our products are being sold would seem to be under date of December 22, 1960, to the recent dollar and gold outflow has been for the sole purpose of destroying competi gentleman from Kentucky [Mr. SPENCE], necessary to improve the reserve position tion, especially independent dairies such as chairman of the House ·Committee on of other nations. 104 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE January 4 Our recommendations are as follows: we should consider reducing somewhat the (e) Offer full cooperation of the executive OUR BALANCE OF PAYMENTS $500 amount by further congressional legis branch to American industry to determine lation-exempting, however, purchases in further steps to be taken to expand our ex I. On current account countries which are willing to grant a similar ports on a continuing basis. A. Controlling Our Outflow exemption to their own nationals on pur 2. Increasing tourism: 1. Military commitments and assistance: chases in the United States. We can and should vastly increase foreign Our foreign military posture requires re B. Increasing Our Inflow travel in the United States. Foreigners are view on its own merits. The domestic budget now spending around $900 mill~on annually has always been taken into account; now 1. Increasing exports: in the United States, compared with the al our foreign balance of payments must be Presently, our exports are running at the most $3 billion that American tourists spend considered, too. Certain questions need to encouraging rate of more than $20 billion abroad. Expanded United States tourism be asked: annually. Executive branch projections are will require reduced travel costs, and very Are we relying as fully as we might on for a slight decrease unless further steps are likely a new rate structure for oft'-peak air the economy of the host country for sup taken. The following steps are strongly loads between Europe and the United States porting personnel and services? recommended: for European travelers. It will require ac Have our troop dispositions been adjusted (a} Vigorous diplomacy at GATT to re celerated programs for expanding our na to changing technologies, and changing c.iuce foreign tariffs generally. Particularly, t ional parks and forests, which would be a world circumstances? Have we examined the we must ask the Common Market and EFTA mecca to Europeans. It will require simpli effects of our military support policies upon countries to adopt progressively lower ex fying our visa and customs restrictions. domestic political developments in the host ternal tariffs.a The United States in the The bulk of the program should be borne country? postwar year~:> - has given more than reci by the private American tourist industry, The question of the best organization and procity in liberalizing trade; it is now en with particular attention to hotels and to financial support for military requirements titled to ask for more than reciprocity in passenger travel by rail, road, and air. It should be under recurring national and in return. is recommended that a high-level coordi ternational review in every area of the world (b) Price increases in exports from the nator be appointed by Executive order, to where we are committed. Undoubtedly pat United States have been 8 percent since 1953, get the program moving at once, and then terns could be developed which would be compared to a decline of 13 percent for Italy, suggest any needed legislation, which would more efficient and economical on their own 5 percent for France, and 2 percent for con include a vigorous U.S. Tourist Office. merits, and at the same time reduce the tinental Europe as a whole.• This suggests pressure on our balance-of-payments posi that wage-price increases in heavily concen 11. On capital account tion. trated United States industries, such as steel; A. Controlling Our Outflow West Germany should not be singled out are mainly responsible for our unfavorable for special treatment. The question is export price performance since 1953. Ac 1. Short-term movements: global. cordingly, we recommend the use of Presi While we should not become unduly upset 2. Foreign economic aid: dential publicity to attack wage-price in by such movements, they should be held to (a) We should step up our efforts, mostly creases which are inconsistent with national a minimum. by quiet but firm diplomatic pressure, to economic stability. H.R. 6237, a bill to au The principal cause of flight of capital, get other nations to contribute more than thorize such procedures, was favorably re we believe, is diminished confidence in the they are contributing today to the develop ported out of committee in the House of dollar. This stemmed in part from appre ment of underdeveloped areas, in both grants Representatives in June 1959, but has been hension concerning the continuing deficit in and loans. The newly formed Organization denied consideration on the floor by the payments, and in part from statements in for Economic Cooperation and Development House Committee on Rules. the election campaign that Democratic poli oft'ers a hopeful vehicle for spreading the (c) A further way of increasing our ex cies would debase the currency. A fiscally developmental burden. Multilateral aid, ports is to accelerate the rate of productivity sound policy by the new administration de particularly in areas such as Africa and increase in the United States. Tax reform, signed to create full employment without in Latin America, is usually to be preferred with greater depreciation and obsolescence flation is the best way to restore confidence over unilateral aid; it tends to be more ac allowances for new plant and equipment, is in the dollar. ceptable to the recipient country, and freer indicated, with the lost revenue to be re A contributing cause of the recent short of political opportunism. Moreover, multi couped by plugging income tax loopholes. term capital outflow is the discrepancy in lateral aid makes easier a clear comparison (d) Our American agriculture is poten short-term interest rates between the United of the eft'orts made by each contributor. States and Western Europe, principally the tially the most efficient industry of all. 5 (b) So long as a massive balance-of-pay Rather than price ourselves out of the world United Kingdom and West Germany. The ments deficit continues, the United States' remedy here is to reduce the discrepancy in main contribution may have to be in the market by high price supports, it would be short-term interest rates on both sides as form of goods, not in the form of foreign advantageous to get prices of export com far as possible without impairing the coun exchange or gold. Thus the Presidential modities competitive on world markets, and tries' ability to combat either recession or order of November 23, 1960, tying foreign aid improve the income of the family-sized inflation. Thus we can do our part to narrow purchases wherever possible to American farmer who practices sound conservation the present discrepancy. The doctrinaire goods, seems justified at the moment. But methods by direct production payments. insistence by the Federal Reserve System on we should make it very clear that we intend its "bills usually" policy means that the to untie our foreign aid as soon as our bal a It has been suggested that the Common short-term interest rate in the United States ance-of-payments position permits us to do Market, with a. common external tariff, pre is lower than it would be, and the long-term so--in the interest of letting the borrower sents difficulties for American exports much interest rate higher than it would be, were buy where it is cheapest. This, as our stated greater than does EFTA, where each member the Fed to purchase U.S. securities (as it position, would help our efforts to induce retains its own external tariffs. The use of does at a time when it is expanding the other countries with balance-of-payments an average for the Common Market external money supply, as at present) without regard surpluses, which are embarking on foreign tariffs will raise tariffs against us by some of to maturities. Abandonment of the "bills aid programs, not to retaliate by tying, but our best European customers, such as the usually" policy would tend to raise slightly instead to permit their foreign aid purchases Benelux countries and West Germany. The the short-term interest rate, and thus in to be made in the United States.2 barrier effect o-f this Common Market ex hibit the flight of short-term capital, while 3. American tourism overseas: ternal tariff may be accentuated if the high at the same time facilitate, by lower long We should not attempt to curtail our ex tariff countries such as France and Italy term interest rates, needed investment in change of persons abroad. Two marginal succeed i:J. keeping the Common Market ex homes, schools, and business plant, and thus balance of payments points, however, should ternal tariff higher than it would otherwise combat our current recession. be made: be. The Common Market will be under As for our European friends, we should at (a} The "business expense" deduction constant pressure from its high tariff mem tempt-diplomatically-to get them to adopt under the Federal income tax needs to be bers to keep the external tariff high. EFTA interest rates as low as will be consistent tightened so as to disallow frivolous use of members, on the other hand, will be under with their efforts to arrest internal inflation, the entertainment deduction in any event. pressure from its successful low tariff mem having in mind that a tight tax and fiscal T3 the extent that this curtails offering a bers to reduce their tariffs. In the light of policy may enable certain of them to adopt tax incentive for American travel abroad, it our export needs, our evident preference for lower interest rates than would otherwise be will help on our balance of payments. the Common Market over EFTA may need the case.o (b) Congress some years ago increased the reexamination. A 13-nation European free amount of duty-free purchases which an trade area, without any raising of tariffs such 5 That the discrepancy in interest rates 1s American abroad may bring home from $200 as occurs under the Common Market, would only a contributing cause is evident from to $500, in order to diminish the dollar gap. certainly seem preferable from the stand the recent massive short-term capital move Now that our surplus has become a deficit, point of American exports. ment to Switzerland as well, despite the very 'International Financial Statistics, IMF, low Swiss bank rate of 2 percent. 2 We are gratified at the assurances by West November 1960. It should be noted that the 6 Recent helpful steps toward lower interest German authorities that their upcoming for United Kingdom's percentage increase during rates have been taken by the United King eign aid program will be untied. this period was 10 percent. dom and Western Germany. 1961 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 105
2. Long-term movements: more constructive steps, but is only a further It is fortunate that this suggestion has We should not attempt to limit American step to improve international confidence. come from so distinguished a banker as the foreign investment abroad, except: Otherwise, there could be panicky misinter chairman of the Morgan Guaranty Trust Co. (a) No new Federal tax incentives for pretation of the action. I am sure that it will receive careful con American foreign investment (except per The action would benefit the intern a tional sideration in Congress. The proposal w111 haps in underdeveloped areas) seem to be trade position of the United States, for it have my support, for what that may be required. Indeed, the long overdue reexami would be under less strain as the supply of worth. It is to be hoped that whether or nation of our tax structure should inquire gold for international payments is increased. not this proposal is accepted, we can find into the operation of our present tax pro Our main trading partners, whose coopera ways of bringing about a better distribution visions for American foreign investment, tion is essential i.f our goals are to be of the gold reserves among the Western na and for ,repatriation of earnings. These pro achieved, also benefit from the increased as tions and having the other nations share, on . visions ri.ow encourage aggressive and increas surance of our capacity to honor all claims. a continuing basis, more of the interest losses ingly unwelcomed U.S. investment in heavily III. Treasury action and the price of gold which holding the gold entails. industrialized foreign countries, to the em As you well know, the fractional gold barrassment of both our balance of payments Flurries in the price of gold in the London requirement was never anything more than (we lose exchange both on the original in and Zurich markets, such as the recent ones, a psychological nest egg, and one which we vestment and on the failure to repatriate hurt confidence in the dollar all out of pro never really needed. When this requirement earnings) and of the host country's balance portion to their volume. The best way to was being proposed, in 1935, the House Com of payments (the capital inflow can be in prevent future flurries is by pursuing a bal mittee on Banking and Currency naturally fiationary). ance of payments-gold outflow action pro sought the views of the late Senator Robert (b) Through diplomatic channels, we gram such as that here recommended. L. Owen, one of the chief architects of the should urge those Western European coun But such a program should include an af Federal Reserve Act, and a man whose bank tries where technology is advanced which firmation by the administration that it will ing experience then covered a span of 42 offer special inducements for new industry, not hesitate, in the event of another flurry, years. When asked what he thought of the such as remission of local property taxes, or to use its legal powers to sell gold. We have requirement then being proposed, Senator long-term, low-interest governmental loans, confidence in the dollar. We should not Owen said, "I think it is a joke. • • • We do to refrain from offering such incentives to hesitate to bet on it publicly and promptly. not need any gold behind our money." 1 runaway American plants. GOVERNMENTAL MACHINERY FOR SUPERVISING Senator Owen then added what we all B. Increasing Our Infiow BALANCE OF PAYMENTS know, which is that the value of the dollar rests, not on gold, but on the fact that it is 1. Through diplomatic channels, we should Our current balance of payment troubles suggest that a continuing review of our in the money of a great industrial nation. It endeavor to secure the repeal of clogs placed Will buy a-ll kinds of goods and services, in by foreign countries against investment by ternational payments be centraliZEJd in one cluding gold, and including also the energy their nationals in the United States, both place within the executive branch. Appar sources which wm do the work formerly as With respect to direct investment, and in ently, no one is currently responsible for signed to man and beast. By law, the dollar direct investment by purchasing American this vital task. It is a responsibility long is good for the payment of debts and taxes, securities in the United States. since assumed by other countries more ac and that is backing enough. 2. A policy of maximum employment in the customed than we to living with balance of payment problems. We recommend that re During these past 25 years, gold has not United States, plus a growth rate of 4 to 5 only been sterilized from our money; it has percent annually as contrasted with the 2.3 sponsibility for a continuing review of pay ment problems be centralized, perhaps in also been sterilized from our thinking. In percent growth rate of recent years, will this period, our citizens could not exchange greatly contribute to attracting foreign in the Director of the Budget (who now super their dollars for gold, and would not have vises our flow of appropriations and reve vestment in the United States. done so if they could have. In brief, we nues), or in the Secretary of the Treasury have demonstrated to everybody's satisfac THE GOLD OUTFLOW (working with the National Advisory Coun I. Converting foreign-held dollar balances tion that the dollar is not on the gold stand cil), in order to help coordinate the affairs ard, but gold is on the dollar standard. into gold of the Departments of State, Treasury, De fense, Commerce, Agriculture, the Interna In truth, our practical experience on this To the extent that foreign central banks matter runs for a great deal more than 25 keep larger balances in dollars, and convert tional Cooperation Administration, the Fed eral Reserve System, the Council of Economic years. At no time in the several centuries them less into gold, our gold loss situation past has any Western nation had a quantity is improved. We believe, however, that the Advisers, and others. of gold, or silver-or any other commodity best way to induce foreign central bankers with which to convert more than a minute to adopt a ratio of gold purchases favorable The distinguished gentleman from Texas [Mr. PATMAN], also a member of fraction of its money in circulation at the to us is by vigorously pursuing the substan time. In these centuries, commercial bank tive measures here recommended. If we pur the House Committee on Banking and ers in the Western World have been creating sue them, foreign central bankers will surely Currency, made an important speech on money against pledges of all varieties of want to do their part to maintain confidence the subject of gold to the evening meet valuable assets-business inventories, pro in the dollar. Furthermore, since gold earns ing of the National and State Bank Divi ductive machinery, consumer durables, and no interest, but dollar balances do, the main sions, American Bankers Association, at all other kinds of real wealth. The results tenance of investor and banker confidence have been most fortunate for all concerned. will make possible the reassertion of the the Mayflower Hotel, Chinese Room, Washington, D.C., on December 5, 1960. Furthermore, the present fractional gold desire to earn interest. requirement does not serve to limit the ex II. The 25-percent gold cover The text of his speech follows: pansion of our money supply-nor should Our present law requiring a 25-percent gold Ladies and gentlemen, distinguished it. We are agreed, I think, that the money cover on currency and reserve deposits tends guests, two questions very much in the pub supply must be decided on the basis of what to immobilize almost two-thirds of our pres lic mind today are, of course, the gold ques seems appropriate to the volume of goods ent gold supply. This restricts our gold re tion and the question whether the incoming and services being produced and dis serve for international claims, and may act President will assume all of the executive tributed-not on the basis of the quantity as an incentive for foreign central banks to powers, or only those powers which can be of any one commodity which we happen to convert dollar balances into gold. Since exercised without respect to monetary have stored away. American citizens are forbidden to acquire policies. The recent outflow of our gold is, of course, monetary gold in any event, the gold cover The pleasant aspect of talking with you a symptom of some bad economic policies law has limited meaning. Its repeal at an about gold is that this is a subject on which which should be, and must be, corrected. appropriate time would be generally wel everybody is mani.festly an expert. Every On the other hand, I cannot, for the life comed abroad by responsible monetary au body makes proposals, and the diversity of of me, understand the reasoning which leads thorities, as a method of expanding our gold the proposals being made is exhilarating, to to the suggestion that our balance-of-pay reserves against international claims, and say the least. On the subject of gold, a cat ments situation has suddenly reached a thus helping to maintain confidence in the can look at a king, so perhaps a politician crisis, ur that it calls for hysterical measures. dollar. Recently, officials of at least two im can amuse a distinguished gathering of Such things as summoning the National portant New York banks have publicly con bankers. Securlty Council to Augusta, ordering home curred. Last week Mr. Henry Alexander made a the families of our troops abroad, and ur As a practical matter, the administration suggestion, at your meeting in Florida, that gent missions to the governments of Europe, should review our future domestic and for Federal law be amended to do away with all create the impression that our Govern eign needs for gold, and submit to Congress any requirement that the Government store ment is a great deal more concerned about its recommendations for legislation in this some quantity of gold in fixed proportion to its gold hoard than it has any right to be. field. The timing of the change should be the Federal Reserve's currency and deposit geared to significant accomplishment in im liabilities. Such an action would make proving our international payments posi available an additional $12 billion of gold 1 Banking Act of 1935, hearings before the tion. We should be acting from a position for dollar sales to foreign central banks, over Banking and Currency Committee, House of of strength, so that modifi.cation or repeal and above the quantities already available Representatives, 74th Cong., 1st sess., on H.R. of the gold cover law is not a substitute for for this purpose. 5357, pp. 559-560. 106 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE January 4 These dramatic and highly publicized Is it wise to adhere to a gold policy which inflationary actions to cancel out the debt moves will have very little effect on our bal~ deters us from building up our own capital which the debtor classes owe the creditor ance of payments. On the other hand, they equipment? One suggestion for correcting classes is at considerable odds with the mid~ will have a temporary effect of undermining our balance of payments which does not 20th century. confidence in the dollar, thus causing for~ seem debatable is that we adopt policies to It would be hard to find a practicing poli~ eigners to u se their doUar holdings to pur~ speed up modernization of our productive tician today who does not know that more chas ~ more oif our gold than they otherwise facilities and thus reduce costs. Where, votes are to be lost than gained by inflation. would. This result, while evidently not in then, will the incentives to modernize come Indeed, the public has been willing to accept tended, seems all to the good. We could from if we are to continue monetary policies the high-interest policy of recent years, with wish , however, that the same result could which are at least halfway aimed at pre its attendant redistribution of the income have been brought about without causing serving our gold hoard? and high unemployment, only because popu h ardships to the families of our milit ary per By the traditional prescription of Lombard lar and trusted leaders have assured the pub sonnel. Frankly, I hope t h at the President 's Street, when a nation is losing gold, the lic that this policy is necessary to avoid order will be carefully reconsidered. appropriate action for its central bank to inflation. The United States still holds about h alf take is to raise interest rates. According If important spending measures have been the Western World's monetary gold. At the to the theory, increased interest rates will enacted despite frantic warnings of inflation, same time, we are paying to foreign holders depress business and bring down prices, one of the reasons is that those who have of dollars a tremendous interest bill. In thus increasing exports and reducing im appointed themselves spokesmen for the deed, we are paying out about $400 million ports. One might guess that the Federal sound dollar have pitched their case on the a year in interest charges to foreigners just Reserve policy we are witnessing today is proposition that we cannot have a stable on their holdings of Federal debt obligations. one caught halfway between the theory of dollar without large-scale unemployment, This is no small item in our balance-of-pay the past and the reality of the present. It amounting to 4, 5-or as now-6 percent of ments deficit. Foreign central banks wishing is a policy which leaves us on dead center. the labor force, and perhaps more. to exchange their interest-bearing dollar It is neither preserving the gold, on the one In short, the public and the Congress have claims for gold should be encouraged to do hand, nor, on the other hand, is it permitting been offered a choice between an unsound so. the modernization needed to correct the dollar and an unsound economic system. It occurs to me tha.t in the new Congress causes of the gold outflow. The voters in my part of the country, at one of the appropriate committees-perhaps Let us contemplate for a moment the pos least, are not persuaded that the economic the Joint Economic Committee-should ex sibility of pursuing the theory wholeheart system is so unsound as has been suggested. edly, and we see what has been wrong all Incidentally, there is a legal point which plore the feasibility of adopting some meth along with monetary policies as an instru od of settling international balances of pay might be considered a minor detail in some ment of economic regulation. Manifestly, quarters. It is that the Federal Reserve's ments which will make less use of gold. Con the supposed efficacy of these policies hinges sidering the world problems with which we authority to decide monetary policies has on a 19th century conception of the price evidently been acquired through divine right, are faced, isn't it time to ask whether the system. Prices must be very sensitive to nations of the Western World cannot, col as this authority has never been given the changes in supply and demand, much like system by any legislative enactment. lectively, wean themselves away from faith the prices of farm products in an auction in gold, just as most of these nations have You may recall that the Federal Reserve market, and wages must go up and down Act of 1913 adopted what is sometimes called already done individually in the conduct of accordingly. their domestic affairs? the full convertibility theory. This was the Obviously, this is not the kind of world in day of the 6-day workweek when bigger fac It would be distressing to see this great which we live. I suspect that you find that ·industrial Nation, blessed as it is with re~ tories, taller skyscrapers, longer ocean liners, even in the banking business your lending and bigger and better amounts of everything 'Sources and know-how of all kinds, paralyzed rates are somewhat tardy in responding to ·in both its domestic and foreign policies by were waiting to be built. Conservatives of changes in the supply and demand for credit. the day told auto drivers to get a horse, but a resurgence of the ancient superstitions Certainly, monetary policies have been about gold. Why should any Western na there was then no thought that we might given an exhaustive test during these past produce too much. tion suffer convulsive fears of losing some several years and the test has not demon ·of its store of metal which is in great sur The idea that economic activity should be strated much success for these policies. restrained by conscious manipulations of ·plus relative to any foreseeable economic Quite aside from human errors in timing, use? So far, there are no signs that the the money supply is a much newer idea than the monetary weapon has proved to be high the 1913 Federal Reserve Act. This act an ·requirements of the space age will place any ly selective in it s impact, and it has hit prac -large demand on gold. ticipated that the money supply would be tically every target except those at which automatically determined by the amount of There are signs, however, that if we con~ it has been aimed. tinue our gold support policy, sooner or economic activity taking place. Member It is thus that the Federal Reserve au banks were to obtain whatever credit was later we will be laying ourselves open to thorities have not only overruled, at times, mischief from the Soviets. required to meet the needs of industry and general policies adopted by the Congress commerce, through advances and discounts There is every reason to think that we will and the President; they have, on occasions, of eligible paper with the 12 Federal Reserve win our contest with the Communist bloc vetoed specific programs adopted by the Con banks. if the contest continues, as it should, on gress and agreed to by the President. Laws Furthermore, in the compromise of the ·the basis of production of real wealth. We have been enacted which were intended to controversy over public versus private man~ ·would not like, however, to be forced into make relatively more credit ava.Uable to agement of the system, the member banks a position of having to put more of our small business. Simultaneously, the Federal were given the privilege of selecting the man productive resources into gold mining, sim Reserve has pursued policies which resulted agements of the 12 Federal Reserve banks, ply because the Soviets might decide to put in relatively less credit for small business. but the management of the Reserve banks •more of their resources into such a venture. Laws have been enacted to stimulate home were no't given control over the discount Nor would we like the contest decided by building. Simultaneously, monetary policies rate. This control was lodged in the Board the accidents of nature which may have have been adopted which retarded home of Governors. placed greater quantities of this relatively building. The Federal Open Market Committee was 'useless metal on one part of the globe than This raises a question whether those who first set up on an informal basis. It was the other. What the commercial price of entertain an ambition that we will have, sanctioned by law in 1933 and again au gold would be if governments did not pur practically speaking, two governments in the thorized as it exists today by the more gen chase half of the annual production at the new administration, ought not to take a eral revision of the act made in 1935. Yet artificially fixed floor price, and bury these serious second look at that ambition. An even in 1935, it was not anticipated that a quantities away, we cannot, of course, be independent Federal Reserve going in one consciously determined money supply would sure. Some authorities estimate that the direction, and the duly elected, constitu replace an automatic money supply. Nor price presently fixed at $35 an ounce is about tional Government going in the other direc was it anticipated that open market opera four times the true commercial price. Nor tion, can lead only to chaos and a weakening tions would replace discount window activi can we appraise the reports of the newly of our position in world affairs. ties and that practical control over interest discovered gold field in Russia, but this Arguments for an independent Federal Re r ates would thus pass from the Board to the could well prove to be one CYf the historic serve, deciding monetary policies without re Open Market Committee. gold strikes. spons1b111ty to, or coordination with, the rest The revised Federal Reserve Act contains In any case, let us ask ourselves this ques of the Government seem to me to miss the no such terms as "monetary policy," or tion: Is it wise to adhere to a policy which mark by a wide margin. "monetary controls." It is devoid of any could enable the Communist countries to In the first place, the Federal Reserve's reasonably clear inference that monetary add to their productive equipment, possibly powers are not great enough to checkmate policies, as we understand the term, are to by as much as a billion dollars annually? the elected Government, assuming the be used as a means of economic regulation, Does it make sense to help the Sino-Soviet elected Government actually did wish to or even as a means of trying to stab111ze bloc obtain from the Western nations par embark on a program of inflation. prices. ticular kinds of capital equipment which Second, the ancient banker notion of a It is Congress' prerogative to delegate its they could not obtain except for the fact populace clamoring for a raid on the Public monetary powers, without doubt, either to that we support the price of Russian gold? Treasury and pressuring elected officials for the executive branch or to an indep~ndent 1961 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 107 agency. But the Supreme Court has gen A bill was filed by me on this subject (B) by adding the following new sentence erally held unconstitutional enactments on January 3, 1961. But, by inadvert at the end of subsection (a): "When it con making other grants of the legislative pow ence, some language was contained siders the case of any person discharged or ers where Congress has failed to spell out dismissed, before or after the enactment of objectives and limitations to govern the use therein which I had not intended to this sentence, from an armed force under of these powers. There seems no doubt that include. Because the House adjourned conditions other than honorable, the board if a legal challenge were ever raised to the so promptly today, January 4, 1961, my shall take into consideration the reasons for Federal Reserve's monetary policies the secretary did not have time to make the the type of that discharge or dismissal, in courts would hold them unconstitutional. corrections and prepare the revised bill cluding- Legal authority for "monetary policies," in in time for me to file it on January 4. "(1) the conditions prevailing at the time the modern sense of the term, exists only in Therefore, to you, distinguished col of the incident, statement, attitude, or act the Employment Act of 1946, not in the Fed leagues who have asked about it and which led to that discharge or dismissal; eral Reserve Act. The 1946 act declares that " ( 2) the age of the person at the time of it shall be a continuing responsibility of the expressed desire to file exactly the same the incident, statement, attitude, or act Government "to coordinate and utilize all of bill as mine in your own names, al which led to that discharge or dismissal; its plans, functions, and resources" to the though I cannot file it until Friday next, "(3} the normal punishment that might ends stated in the act. As House author of because the House will not be in ses h ave been adjudged had that incident, state the Employment Act of 1946, it was my un sion until Friday and I cannot tell you ment, attitude, or act occurred or been made derstanding that "to coordinate and utilize" what the number thereof will be, I cor in civilian life; and all of the Government's "plans, functions, dially invite you to take the same bill, "(4) the moral turpitude, if any, involved and resources" necessarily meant including as hereinafter set forth, and file it in in the incident, statement, attitude, or act the resources of the money system and the which led to that discharge or dismissal."; Government's plans and functions relative your own names and join in a vigorous, meritorious effort in this 87th Congress '- and thereto. Indeed, monetary and other Gov (C) by adding the following new subsec ernment policies were coordinated at the to have this statutory provision enacted tions at the end thereof: time, and it seemed a foregone conclusion into law. This bill is intended to be for "(g) In the case of any person discharged that they would continue so. the benefit of several thousands of Amer or dismissed, before or after the enactment In any case, the language of the statute ican veterans who have been administra of this subsection, from an armed force un seems clear enough. Neither the Federal tively discharged for comparatively der conditions other than honorable, the Reserve Board nor the Open Market Com minor offenses while in the military; board may, with the approval of the Secre mittee has the authority for determining tary concerned, issue to that person an 'Ex monetary policy. The Chief Executive has and yet, who have since receiving said the authority; and he has the responsibility, less than honorable discharges without emplary Rehabilitation Certificate' dated as ever appearing before a court-martial, of the date it is issued, if, after considering under· article II of the Constitution, to the reasons for that discharge or dismissal, "take care that the laws be faithfully exe made outstandingly good in civilian life cuted." including those matters set forth in clauses and achieved exemplary conduct for a (1)-(4) of subsection (a), it is established How the President will carry out this re period of more than 3 years. Yet, Mr. to the satisfaction of the board that he has sponsibility is, of course, left to his judg Speaker, they have found to their own ment. Normally, however, we would expect rehabilitated himself, that his character is the President to appoint a committee made sadness, and the sadness of their fam good, and that his conduct, activities, and up of the Cabinet officers and other top of ilies and loved ones, and the community habits since he was so discharged or dis ficials who are most concerned with fiscal, in which they live, that such less than missed have been exemplary for a reasonable debt management, and monetary problems, honorable discharge received for such period of time, but not less than three years. as well as with overall economic policies, to comparatively minor offenses while in "(h) Applications and reapplications for recommend monetary policies to the Presi correction of records under subsection (g) the military have been like a stone may be filed at any time, but not before dent and carry out such monetary policies around their necks and have made them ·as he may direct. I would hope that ~uch a three years after that discharge or dismissal. committee would include the Secretaries of economic liabilities without a chance to "(i) For the purposes of subsection (g), Treasury, Commerce, and Labor, the Budget obtain dignified employment. oral or written evidence, or both, may be Director, and the Chairman of the President's The Doyle bill, H.R. 88, in the 86th used, including- Council of Economic Advisers, as well as Congress, having passed the House unan " ( 1) a notarized statement from the chief Federal Reserve officers. imously reached the Armed Services law enforcement officer of the town, city, or Like all the other regulatory boards and Committee of the other body, and I can county in which the applicant resides, at commissions, the Federal Reserve has cer report that the chairman of that distin testing to his general reputation so far as tain quasi-judicial powers and duties, and the police and court records are concerned; decisions reached under these powers are guished committee, I believe, has ex "(2) a notarized statement from his em reviewable only by the courts. But deciding pressed vigorous and live interest in the ployer, if employed, attesting to his general monetary policies is not among these powers. merits thereof if such bill reaches that reputation and employment record; As I said at the beginning, a cat can look committee again. "(3) notarized statements from not less at kings and it has been my hope that a The text of my corrected bill, which I than five persons, attesting that they have politician might amuse bankers. will file on Friday next, is as follows: personally known him for at least three years as a person of good reputation and exemplary A BILL To AMEND CHAPTER 79 OF TITLE 10, conduct, and the extent of personal contact UNITED STATES CODE, TO PROVIDE THAT LESS THAN HONORABLE DIS they have had with him; and CERTAIN BOARDS ESTABLISHED THEREUNDER " ( 4) such independent investigation as CHARGE BILL SHALL GIVE CONSIDERATION TO SATISFACTORY the board may make. EVIDENCE RELATING TO GOOD CHARACTER AND Mr. DOYLE. Mr. Speaker, I ask EXEMPLARY CONDUCT IN CIVILIAN LIFE "(j) No benefits under any laws of the unanimous consent to extend my re AFTER DISCHARGE OR DISMISSAL IN DE United States (including those relating to marks at this point in the RECORD. TERMINING WHETHER OR NOT To CORRECT pensions, compensation, hospitalization, mil itary pay and allowances, education, loan The SPEAKER. Is there objection CERTAIN DISCHARGES AND DISMISSALS; To AUTHORIZE THE AWARD OF AN EXEMPLARY guarantees, retired pay, or other benefits to the request of the gentleman from based on military service) accrue to any California? REHABILITATION CERTIFICATE; AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES person to whom an Exemplary Rehabilitation There was no objection. Certificate is issued under subsection (g) Mr. DOYLE. Mr. Speaker, because Be it enacted by the Senate and House of unless he would be entitled to those benefits Representatives of the United States of under his original discharge or dismissal. inquiry was made of me on yesterday America in Congress assembled, That and today by Members as to whetl:er or Except as-otherwise provided in t his section chapter 79 of title 10, United States Code, is or section 1553 of this title, no Exemplary not I was going to file again in this 87th · amended as follows: Rehabilitation Certificate may be issued ex Congress the text of H.R. 88, which was (1} Section 1552 is amended- cept under subsection (g), and after a passed unanimously by this House dur (A) by amending the first sentence of specific finding by the board that it is issued ing the 86th Congress dealing with the subsection (a) to read as follows: "Under under that subsection. uniform procedures prescribed by the Secre subject of less than honorable dis "(k) The Secretary of Defense for the charges, I desire to state and give notice tary of Defense, the Secretary of any mili tary department, acting through boards of military departments, and the Secretary of that I will file said bill on Friday, next. civ111ans of the executive part of that mili the Treasury for the Coast Guard when it is The text and content will be exactly the tary department, may correct any military not operating as a service in the Navy, shall same as that of H.R. 88 which passed record of that department when he considers report to Congress not· later than January this House unanimously during the 86th it necessary to correct any error or remove 15 of each year the number of cases reviewed Congress. · an injustice."; by each board under subsection (g), and the 108 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-· HOUSE Janua?"Y 4 number of Exemplary Rehabilitation Certifi SEVERING DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS ability to constrain communism in its cates issued under that subsection." WITH CUBA rampant march for world domination. (2) Section 1553 is amended to read as Mr. Speaker, I compliment President follows: Mr. RIVERS of South Carolina. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to Eisenhower for his latest move in regard "§ 1553. Review of discharge or dismissal to Cuba, but I would be less than candid " (a) The Secretary concerned shall, after address the House for 1 minute and to revise and extend my remarks. if I did not say that it comes very late consulting with the Administrator of Vet· in the season. erans' Affairs, establish boards of review, The SPEAKER. Is there objection to each consisting of five members, to review, the request of the gentleman from South As far as I am concerned, we reached under uniform procedures prescribed by the Carolina? the limit to what the United States, in Secretary of Defense in the case of a mili There was no objection. self-respect, could endure the day that tary department, the discharge or dismissal Mr. RIVERS of South Carolina. Mr. bearded dictator seized American prop of any former member of an armed force un Speaker, 185 years ago a cow·ageous erty in a country that was conceived by der the jurisdiction of his department upon America, delivered by America, nurtured its own motion or upon the request of such group of men signed their names to a document that stands as an indestruct by America, educated by America and former member, or if he is dead, his surviving made a self-governing nation by Amer spouse, next of kin, or legal representative. ible monument to the courage and for " (b) A board established under this sec· titude of the American people. And in ica. tion may, subject to review by the Secretary that Declaration of Independence the When ingratitude on the part of a concerned, change a discharge or d ismissal, rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of nation reaches the point that it has in or issue a new discharge, to reflect its find happiness were called inalienable rights Cuba, it is time for Ameri.can wrath to ings. and "that to secure these rights, govern display itself in no uncertain terms. "(c) A review by a board established un ments are instituted among men, deriv And let us not be lulled into the com der this section shall be based on the records placent thought that this is simply a of the armed force concerned and such other ing their just powers from the consent of the governed. That whenever any form Castro-sponsored government. Someone evidence as may be presented to the board, beside Castro is supporting these dia including those matters set forth in clauses of government becomes destructive of (1)-(4) of section 1552(a) of this title. A these ends, it is the right of the people tribes that are emanating each day from witness may present evidence to such a to alter or to abolish it, and to institute the Pearl of the Caribbean. board in person or by affidavit. A person new government, laying its foundation So, Mr. Speaker, I hope we will not be who requests a review under this section on such principles and organizing its too quick to forgive and forget when may appear before such a board in person or powers in such form, as to them shall Castro finally receives his just reward. by counsel or an accredited representative of I hope we will remember those who an organization recognized by the Adminis seem most likely to effect their safety trator of Veterans' Affairs under chapter 59 and happiness. Prudence, indeed, will had the courage to throw the scoundrel of title 38. dictate that governments long estab out of Cuba, but I also hope that in our "(d) In the case of any person discharged lished should not be changed for light ·efforts to help those who overthrow Cas or dismissed, before or after the enactment and transient causes; and accordingly tro we do not adopt a massive forgive of this subsection, from an armed force un all experience hath shown that mankind and forget general amnesty for those der conditions other than honorable, the are more disposed to suffer, while evils who have welcomed the initiation of board may, with the approval of the Secre are sufferable, than to right themselves communism in Cuba. tary concerned, issue to that person an 'Ex by abolishing the forms to which they There are many Cuban refugees now emplary Rehabilitation Certificate' dated as in the United States. These are the men of the date it is issued, if after considering are accustomed. But when a long train the reasons for that discharge or dismissal, of abuses and usurpations, pursuing in and women who forsook their native including those matters set forth in clauses variably the same object evinces a de land, their occupations, and worldly pos (1)-(4) of section 1552(a) of this title, it is sign to reduce them under absolute des sessions, to live in freedom in America. established to the satisfaction of the board potism, it is their right, it is their duty, They represent the Cuba we once knew. that he has rehabilitated himself, that his to throw off such government, and to This is the Cuba that we should now character is good, and that his conduct, ac· provide new guards for their future recognize. tivities, and habits since he was so dis charged or dismissed have been exemplary security." This is the Cuba that will bring about for a reasonable period of time, but not less Mr. Speaker, at long last the President the demise of Fidel Castro and com than three years. of the United States has seen fit, and munism in the Western Hemisphere. " (e) Applications and reapplications for properly so, to sever diplomatic relations But if we .continue to turn the other correction of records under subsection (d) with the modern-day Blackbeard, Fidel cheek to this depraved idiot who now may be filed at any time, but not before Castro. rules Cuba with an iron fist, we shall three years after that discharge or dismissal. I discussed in the House of Represent only find the situation going from bad "(f) For the purposes of subsection (d), atives, on June 25, 1960, the onrush of to worse. If we are so weak as to fear oral or written evidence, or both, may be communism on the island of Cuba. Russian retaliation when we clean the used, including those matters set forth in Previously, in the summer of 1958, I clauses (1)-(4) of section 1552(i) of this trash out of our own backyard, then we title. said that Fidel Castro was either a Com no longer deserve to live as a free nation. "(g) No benefits under any laws of the munist, Communist-inspired, or the I would rather see this Nation go down United States (including those relating to tool of the Communists. in defeat in one mighty blow rather than pensions, compensation, hospitalization, mili Now, 2 years later, and within 90 miles suffer the agonies of Communist cancer, tary pay and allowances, education, loan of our own shores, we are confronted with ·which most assuredly will engulf the guarantees, retired pay, or other benefits Soviet-built equipment, Soviet-manned Nation if Cuba is allowed to fester a.s based on military service) accrue to any per airfields, Soviet-trained technicians, and the cell from which this cancerous son to whom an Exemplary Rehabilitation a Communist-trained Cuban Govern Certificate is issued under subsection (d) growth will spread. unless he would be entitled to those benefits ment dedicated to the concept that Let us lance this pestiferous boil now under his original discharge or dismissal. America must be eliminated as the lead by helping in every tangible and intangi Except as otherwise provided in this section er of the free world. ble way those Cuban nationals who rep or section 1552 of this title, no Exemplary To paraphrase the Cicero of ancient resent the true Cuba, and who are willing Rehabilitation Certificate may be~ issued ex Rome, I say now, and I measure my and anxious to return to their native cept under subsection (d), and after a specific words carefully-Castro must be de finding by the board that it is issued under land to once again enjoy the inalienable that subsection. stroyed. He must be destroyed, and all rights of man that we vested in them in "(h) The Secretary of Defense for the that he stands for must be blotted from 1898. military departments, and the Secretary of the Western Hemisphere. Certainly we have little cause to criti t he Treasury for the Coast Guard when it is A PERMANENT ORPHANS ACT not operating as a service in the Navy, shall cize other nations for Communist infil report to Congress not later than January 15 tration where there is a mote in our own Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, I of each year the number of cases reviewed eye. asi('unanimous consent that the gentle by each board under subsection (d), and the Cuba stands as an insult to American man from New Jersey [Mr. RoDINO] may ·number of Exemplary Rehabilitation Cer prestige, a challenge to American dig extend his remarks in the RECORD at this tificates issued under that subsection." nity and a glaring refutation of our point. 1961 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 109 The SPEAKER. Is there objection Mr. RODINO. Mr. Speaker, at least It will be seen immediately that these to the request of the gentleman from two-thirds of our population live today bills embody objectives that directly Massachusetts? in urban area-s. Rapidly increasing ur clash with one another. They are in There was no objection. banization has brought with it a host of tended to do so. And I offer them not to Mr. RODINO. Mr. Speaker, on Sep new problems which were unknown and confuse my colleagues but to give you a tember 11, 1957, the Congress enacted unheard of by our rural ancestors. These clear choice as to which path to choose the first orphans immigration law. This problems have become too vast and too in eliminating a grave inequality of act provided for the issuance, on a tem complex to be dealt with on the munici treatment as between different modes of porary basis, of special nonquota immi pal level; they cross local and State lines transportation which exists in the pres grant visas to eligible orphans who had and are truly national in scope and im ent law. been, or were to be, adopted by a married plication. These bills are being introduced be American citizen. Although a number of Federal pro cause it is believed that this exemption Since that time the Congress has twice grams have evolved in response to some from regulation has been extended far extended that act on a yearly basis. of the most pressing urban needs, our beyond its original and only justifiable Under the provisions of the Orphans urban population is seriously under purpose, which was to help the farmer by Act over 6,000 orphans have been ad represented in the Federal Government. exempting from economic regulation the mitted to the United States. Many of There is no central activity to which initial movement of his products from them left backgrounds of deprivation urban needs can be presented, at which the farm to the first market. and destitution to find refuge in the they can be evaluated and assessed, and Because of the steady broadening of American homes of their adoptive par for which long-term solutions can be this exemption to include even factory ents. Some had been left homeless and developed. There is no central agency to processed products moving in commer friendless by the death or desertion of coordinate these pressing problems or to cial channels, regulated carriers such as both their natural parents; others had insist that they receive the attention they the railroads find themselves severely only one remaining parent 'VhO, bur require from the Federal Government. handicapped in competing for traffic in dened by illness or poverty, w-as unable The obvious answer is one which has agricultural commodities. Their rates to give them proper care and attention. been made many times during the last are rigidly controlled and are required to Because of the provisions of the Orphans decade: The establishment of a Depart be openly published, while the rates of Act they were all able to find new homes ment of Urban Affairs. I am introducing exempt motor carrier haulers are not and a new future in the United States. a bill for this purpose today in the hope subject to any control and need not be I can think of no provision of our im that this long-overdue step will yet be made public. The regulated carriers thus migration law which was more humani taken during the current session of Con have no clear idea of the kind of com tarian in concept or more rewarding in gress. petition that they are up against practice than this Orphans Act of 1957, Under my proposal, the new Depart though the exempt hauler precisely which has given fresh hope to so many ment would undertake to deal with the knows. As a consequence, large, and homeless children. I believe it is time whole gamut of urban problems: Elimi ever-growing volumes of important traf we put this law on a permanent basis. nation of blight, problems of mass trans fie have been diverted to exempt carriers. The present system whereby Congress, portation, solutions to air and water pol And the impact on the Nation's basic in the last rushed days of the session, lution, water supply, and others. carrier-the railroads-grew more and moves to extend the act for one addi All the functions of the various agen more serious as the courts expanded still tional year, is haphazard, uncertain, and cies concerned with housing arid urban further the scope of this exemption. unnecessary. Only last June, I was ap renewal would be transferred to the new Proposals to remedy this situation have proached by a family which wished to Department. been advanced by a number of public adopt an orphan child in Poland; I had Incorporated in this Department, also, interests, including the Interstate Com to advise that family that the applicable would be the interests of the consumer, merce Commission and various shipper law was due to expire in a few weeks, who now has no spokesman anywhere in groups. These suggestions were dis and that unless Congress extended the the executive department and who now cussed during the course of hearings law past June 30, 1960, there was no pos often loses out in comparison with other, conducted in 1958 by the Subcommittee sibility of issuing the child a nonquota more fairly represented groups. A vital on Transportation and Communications visa. Fortunately, we acted just before function of the Secretary of Urban Af of the House Committee on Interstate that date to extend the act for yet an fairs, in my opinion, would be to press and Foreign Commerce. As a result the other year. for greater consumer recognition in the Transportation Act of 1958 included a Where a law has proved as meritorious competing activities and policies of the provision which amended that section as this one has, I see no point in proceed Federal Government. 203 (b) ( 6) to halt further expansion of ing in this ad hoc manner. The Orphans the exemption and to return to economic Act was originally passed on a temporary regulation the transportation of frozen basis because it was not then known how INTERSTATE COMMERCE ACT fruits and vegetables and imported agri well it would work out in practice. The Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, I cultural commodites. act has since passed its period of pro ask unanimous consent that the gentle This was constructive action. But it bation with flying colors, as is well dem man from Illinois [Mr. ROSTEN'KOWSKI] was only one short step forward. While onstrated by the fact that the Congress may extend his remarks in the RECORD the 1958 amendment presumably has has seen fit to extend its provisions with in one instance. halted further significant expansion of consistent regularity. The SPEAKER. Is there objection the agricultural commodities exemption I believe we should make the Orphans to the request of the gentleman from list, the widespread diversion of traffic in Act a permament part of our immigra Massachusetts? products already exempted from regu tion law, and I am therefore introducing There was no objection. lated carriers to exempt carriers con a bill for this purpose today. Mr. ROSTENKOWSKI. Mr. Speaker, tinues. I would like to introduce two bills-one There are two ways to resolve this in to repeal section 203 (b) (6) of the Inter tolerable, unequal competition. One is THE FORGOTTEN CITIES state Commerce Act, as amended, relat to repeal the exemption outright and al Mr. MCCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, I ing to the so-called motor-carrier agri low the traffic by all carriers to be regu ask unanimous consent that the gentle cultural commodities exemption, and the lated equally. The other is to extend to man from New Jersey [Mr. RoDINO] may second to amend the Interstate Com the raih·oads the same kind of exemption extend his remarks in the RECORD at this merce Act so as to extend to the rail from economic regulation now granted point. roads a condition exemption from eco exempt motor carriers now engaged in The SPEAKER. Is there objection nomic regulation comparable to that pro the transportation of ordinary livestock, to the request of the gentleman from vided for motor carriers when engaged fish, or agricultural commodities. I offer Massachusetts? in the transportation of ordinary live separate bills to accomplish each of these There was no objection. stock, fish, or agricultural commodities. objectives. 110 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE January 4 I originally entered these two bills dur income and then passing the burden on answer in my opmwn. Community col ing the 2d session of the 86th Con to future generations. leges are generally economical to attend, gress; however, no action was taken. I believe in a balanced budget. I hope being located close to the homes of their Since that time the situation has become the incoming administration believes in students and having, as a rule, moderate more critical. The loss of weekly car a balanced budget. To prevent any ad tuition fees. They are responsive to local loadings to regulated carriers has in ministrators from yielding to the wmp needs and provide a flexible but thor creased unemployment. In the railroad tation of deficit spending in order to im ough program of studies. Through their industry alone at the end of 1960, em press voters, this bill should be passed. adult study programs they furnish an ployment has dropped below 800,000, Administration programs may then be important opportunity for continuing which is the lowest ever experienced. planned according to what we can prop education. I shall ask the House Interstate and erly expect to be able to pay and the Junior colleges help to ease the pres Foreign Commerce Committee to sched people will know exactly what their Gov 'sure on our 4-year institutions, but the ule early hearings on this legislation errunent is costing them because the bills more important point, in my estimation, and I urge that the House of Representa will be paid every year. is that they encourage more of the Na tives give these proposals every consider I hope my colleagues will share my tion's high school graduates to pursue ation in the interest of establishing con concern with fiscal responsibility and further education. They furnish train ditions of fairplay and equal opportunity will join in this move to have a. forced ing beyond the high school level to for all transport competitors. balanced budget as a constitutional thousands of young people who would amendment. not otherwise receive it. Junior colleges thus make educational opportunity more PROPOSED CONSTITUTIONAL 'democratic and result in the greater COMMUNITY JUNIOR COLLEGE utilization of that most fundamental re AMENDMENT FOR A BALANCED CONSTRUCTION ACT source, the human mind. BUDGET The SPEAKER. Under the previous The bill which I have introduced Mr. NELSEN. Mr. Speaker, I ask order of the House, the gentleman from would provide financial assistance to unanimous consent that the gentleman Oregon [Mr. ULLMAN] is recognized for participating States for the initial estab from Texas [Mr. ALGER] may extend his 10 minutes. lishment and the expansion of existing remarks at this point in the RECORD and Mr. ULLMAN. Mr. Speaker, I ask community junior colleges. It combines include extraneous matter. unanimous consent to revise and extend a fiat grant with a matching fund grant, The SPEAKER. Is there objection my remarks and include extraneous the latter to be allocated among the to the request of the gentleman from matter. various States on the basis of their sec Minnesota? The SPEAKER. Is there objection ondary school enrollment-which is a There was no objection. to the request of the gentleman from measure of the need for higher educa Mr. ALGER. Mr. Speaker, no more Oregon? tion facilities. No issue of Federal con important issue will come before this There was no objection. trol is involved since participating States Congress than the matter of fiscal re Mr. ULLMAN. Mr. Speaker, in 1958 will plan the program of expansion for sponsibility. We are fast reaching a I introduced into the 85th Congress a their own junior college systems. The point where there will simply be no addi proposal for Federal assistance to the bill requires that consideration be given tional sources to tap for revenue to run States to expand community junior col to areas remote geographically from the Goverrunent. Congress must face up leges. The response to my proposal from other State colleges and universities and to this problem and adopt whatever educators and college administrators exhibiting a desire for junior college fa means necessary to control spending across the country, as well as from oth cilities together with an effort com while, at the same time, making it pos ers concerned with this vital field of mensurate with their financial abilities. sible to perform the necessary functions higher education, was extremely gratify Within these broad guidelines, the plan of goverrunent. Spending must be con ing. Early in the 86th Congress, I again ning of the program would rest with the trolled. We must live within our means. introduced this proposal and I was very States. Naturally, the actual adminis This is just commonsense. pleased that the Special Education Sub tration of the colleges established would In former Congresses it has been my committee of the House Education and continue to be in accordance with the privilege to introduce a bill to force a Labor Committee found time in its busy laws of each State. yearly balanced budget and I do so again schedule to have 1 day of hearings on Mr. Speaker, I commend this proposal now. I cannot predict what the progress the proposal. The response of these able to my colleagues. It is a sound proposal of the bill will be through the House, but members to my proposal was encourag in an area which is, I know, of vital I can predict financial disaster for our ing. Yesterday, I again introduced for concern to all of us: education in the country unless we take concrete steps to the consideration of my colleagues this United States in the challenging years hold down inflation, protect the solvency proposal to provide a 5-year program of ahead. I sincerely hope that further of the dollar, and make it possible to give assistance to the States in expanding hearings on this measure can be sched tax relief to our people. This bill would their community junior college facilities. uled in this Congress and that full accomplish these purposes. This bill in The 2-year college movement is grow consideration will result in action along no way endangers national defense, nor ing faster than any other branch of U.S. the lines I have outlined in my bill. It those necessary services which the Gov education. It has been estimated that is, I believe, a good bill and it represents ernment must render the people. It does more than 750,000 young men and women a sound and forward-looking concept. I provide the means by which much con and adults are currently receiving train · seek constructive consideration of my spicuous waste and unnecessary spending ing in the liberal arts and technology at ·proposal and hope that the 87th Con may be eliminated. Short of war, or na 677 such junior colleges. Dr. James B. gress will act upon it. tional emergency, this bill forbids Con Conant has called for a very consid In conclusion, Mr. Speaker, under gress to spend more money in any fiscal able number of 2-year community col unanimous consent, I include the fol year than it anticipates taking in. leges so that advanced education may lowing article from a recent edition of It is as simple as that. It is doing as be widely available throughout the Na Look magazine to be made a part of my a Goverrunent what we must do as indi tion. It is because I share Dr. Conant's remarks. It answers a number of fre viduals and as families-just live within concern that advanced training be more quently raised questions about junior our income. widely available to our young people and colleges and I believe that my colleagues The bill does not limit spending as because I agree with him that commu will find it of interest: such. If Congress wants to appropriate nity junior colleges furnish an important [From Look, Dec. 6, 1960] more money than the Goverrunent ex means of achieving that goal, that I con WHO SHOULD GO TO JUNIOR COLLEGE?-QUES pects to receive in taxes, this amendment tinue to press for Federal action in this TIONS AND ANSWERS ABOUT THE FASTEST would not allow Congress to adjourn field. GROWING BRANCH OF U.S. EDUCATION until it levied the additional taxes neces Junior colleges are not a replacement As our college-age population explodes, sary to provide the money. It is a much for 4-year colleges, nor are they the only the junior college becomes more and more more honest approach to our fiscal prob answer to our educational needs. They the best hope for higher education of many lems than by spending without regard to are, however, an important part of the high-school graduates in the 1960's. 1961 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 111 The 2-year-college movement is growing lege after 2 years-for work or marriage future. More and more students are seeking faster than any other branch of U.S. edu and who often has little to show for his its advantages. Perhaps it is an omen that cation. Right now, 677 2-year colleges efforts. last year Christian College had 1,500 appli both private, independent institutions like Who are the transfer students? Young cants for its freshman class of 250. Com Christian College and the so-called "com people who benefit from a guided transition munity colleges are crowded too. Unless Dr. munity colleges"-are educating more than into senior college work are perhaps the core Conant's plea for more 2-year colleges is 750,000 young men and women and adults of the junior college movement. They are answered, the question may soon be not who in the liberal arts and technology. More often, as President Kenneth Freeman of should go, but, once again, how to get ln. than $650 mlllion in public and private funds Christian College describes them, "the aca has been invested in them. And their num demically talented who might not otherwise ber is likely to continue growing. go to college." Some are, like Patti O'Berg, MASON DAM PROJECT Dr. James B. Conant has called for a "very in search of direction and feel they have a considerable number of 2-year community better chance to find themselves in the Mr. ULLMAN. Mr. Speaker, I want colleges so that advanced education may be atmosphere of the junior college. Many to turn now to a project of particular widely available throughout the Nation." from lower-income famllies take advantage importance to my district. I also intro All this should encourage parents and high of low tuition rates at community colleges duced yesterday a bill to authorize the school students to consider the junior col and the opportunity to live at home; their construction and operation of the upper lege as an alternative to the senior-college savings in 2 years enable them to go away to division of the Ba!{er Federal reclama admissions rat race, and inspire young peo school for their degrees. Others turn to the ple who might not otherwise go to college junior college as a last resort, having used tion project in Baker County, Oreg. I to look into the junior college in or near poor strategy in applying to senior colleges take this opportunity to comment briefly their local community. (If there isn't one, and hoping to make a record that will open on this important project. they might well ask their elders why.) the doors in the third year. The proposal embodied in this bill has Still, the notion that junior-college edu In general, what are the advantages for been under study for amost 30 years. It cation is second best, if not second rate, per both terminal and transfer students? Two has the strongest local support and in sists in many parts of the country. The fol years well spent at a junior colleeg can help terest and the Bureau of Reclamation lowing questions and answers clarify some mature a youth, enabling him to handle a misconceptions: job or a university situation that he might is currently preparing its report on the What is a junior college? It is an institu otherwise fumble. Those who are undecided proposal. I confidently expect that the tion of higher learning, usually covering 2 about careers may find that the counseling Secretary of the Interior will recommend years, whose tuition can be as high (Chris services of junior colleges are often superior to the President favorably on it at an tian College tuition is $1,900) or as low to those at senior colleges or that are other earl~ date and that this favorable report (many community colleges are free) as wise available in the community. will be in the hands of the Congress early tuition at a 4-year college. Faculty, facili What are the advantages for the U.S. sys L this session. ties, and student bodies can, and often do, tem of higher education? In educating The irrigation features of the project compare favorably with many senior col transfer students, the junior colleges as leges at the freshman-sophomore level. The sume some of the burdens of the 4-year will furnish water for a total of about size of junior colleges, in general, is often colleges. They help to relieve pressures that 18,000 acres. In addition, the projected thought to be small, but some of them are amict university faculties and facilities by 100,000 acre-feet of storage will provide incredibly big-Long Beach City (junior) sending on students with a strong founda substantial ftood control benefits, im College in California has about 40,000 stu tion for doing good work in their third and portant recreational benefits, and im dents. Thus, junior colleges can only be de fourth years, while weeding out those who proved fish and wildlife conditions. The fined in terms of the services offered to stu would drop out by the third year anyway. proposed 180-foot rock and earth-fill dents. And these services are what parents Many 2-year graduates develop leadership Mason Dam will provide sufficient stor and students should consider in deciding qualities and a sense of responsibility that whether or not a junior college meets their make them more valuable citizens of the age for complete control of the Powder needs. senior-college campus. Many, during their River and will be a major step toward What services do junior colleges provide? junior-college life, go through the agonizing comprehensiv.J development of the val First, junior colleges provide general edu appraisal of their lifetime goals and are ley. The project has a benefit-to-cost cation for high school graduates who want ready, when they arrive at the 4-year insti ratio of 1.24 to 1. My bill provides that 2 additional years and no more. tution, to move ahead more decisively. the portion of the irrigation costs which Second, junior colleges provide the equiva How good are the junior colleges? In many 2-year institutions, the student has a are not within the financial ability of the lent of freshman and sophomore liberal arts water-users to repay within a 50-year pe education for high school graduates who in real advantage over his peers in some of the tend to transfer into the third year of senior smaller colleges and State universities. riod will be met from surplus power rev college and work for bachelor's degrees. Small 4-year colleges often have less funds enues from the Bonnevil!e system. than junior colleges to maintain adequate As I have inC:icated, the people in the (Coinmunity colleges, which now educate faculties for freshmen and sophomores. (Of the bulk of our junior college students, also Baker Valley have been working for tr... is course, there is a shortage of well-trained It make a valuable contribution to adult edu teachers almost everywhere.) State univer project a long time. is of great im cation in many localities. Moreover, some sities, on the other hand, often use inex portance to their economy and its sup junior colleges offer 3-year nursing courses, perienced instructors to teach the lower porters are understandably anxious to and others provide 1-year business curric classes. Many junior colleges, however, hire see their years of effort and waiting bear ulums.) only teachers with master's degrees, which fruit. It is a worthwhile project and Who are the terminal students? The results in their students having better teach fully consonant with our c3tablished and young man who seeks a semiprofessional ers sooner than their counterparts in 4-year career, and the young woman who frankly traditional policies of resource develop schools. ment on multiple-purpose lines. I com states that marriage is her ultimate goal, will The relative academic equality of junior find that junior college can provide a re colleges with universities at the freshman mend the proposal to the consideration warding general education after high school. sophomore level has been indicated by of my colleagues in the House and urge Besides, the courses at many junior colleges studies in Cal~fornia (where nearly half of that early and favorable consideration be are designed so that a terminal student can all junior-college students are enrolled) , given to this measure. change his mind and decide to become a Minnesota and other States. In 1953, 50,000 Under unanimous consent, I include transfer student. students were graduated from junior colleges the text of my bill as a part of my re The technological demands of industry in in California. Of those who went on to the marks, and that similarly, the following the sixties and beyond can only increase. The University of California, 4,800 could have young man who expects to take advantage of entered as freshmen, but chose the junior letters of support from local people be the demand will find that junior college college experience instead. When they were made a part of the RECORD: training can be invaluable. graduated from the university, their grade A BILL TO AUTHORIZE THE SECRETARY OF THE For young women, junior college offers point average was higher than that of the INTERIOR To CONSTRUCT, OPERATE, AND MAIN preparation for careers, community service students who had attended the university TAIN THE UPPER DIVISION OF THE BAKER FED and marriage, as well as laying the ground for 4 years. Some 7,200, who would not have ERAL RECLAMATION PROJECT, OREGON, AND work for continuing study in a chosen field been eligible as 1'reshmen, also entered at FOR OTHER PURPOSES when their children are grown. the junior year. Over 80 percent were gradu Be it enacted by the Senate and House of There are emotional benefits for terminal ated, and their grade-point average was a Representatives of the United States of Amer students too. Junior colleges award de respectable C-plus. ica in Congress assembled, That for the pur grees-associate in arts, associate in science, Who should go to junior college? Anyone poses of providing irrigation water, con etc.-and give students the pleasure of a whose needs can be fulfilled by at least 2 trolling floods, conserving and developing graduation that can be shared with family years of education beyond high school. The fish and wildlife, and providing recreational and friends. Compare this to the experience junior college is a place where young people benefits, the Secretary of the Interior, act of the student who drops out of a senior col- can make intelligent decisions about the ing pursuant to the Federal reclamation 112 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE January 4 laws (Act of June 17, 1902, 32 Stat. 388, and crops nor will it provide irrigation water for great benefit to the entire county and State, Acts amendatory thereof or supplementary land not now irrigated. urges you to use your best efforts to intro thereto), is authorized to construct, operate, This development contains all of the mul duce legislation authorizing its construc and maintain the facilities of the upper divi tiple use principles 'Of resource development. tion in accordance with Bureau of Reclama sion of the Baker Federal reclamation proj It contains in addition to irrigation, flood tion reports. ect, Oregon. The principal works of the control, recreation, domestic, game and wild Very truly yours, project shall consist of a dam and reservoir, life uses. WALTER C. McGUIRK, pumping plants, and related facilities. The dam is located high in the drainage Post Commander. SEC. 2. The period provided in subsection system and will contribute to the priJ:lciple (d), section 9, of the Reclamation Project of controlled stream flows. BAKER, OREG., February 12, 1960. Act of 1939, as amended (43 U.S.C. 485h), We therefore request your support and urge Hon. ALBERT ULLMAN, for repayment of the construction cost you to extend your efforts to secure this U.S. Congress, properly chargeable to any block of lands much needed water resource development. Washington, D.C.: and assigned to be repaid by irrigators, may WILLIAM H. TRINDLE, We urge you use influence to secure au be extended to fifty years, exclusive of any Chairman, Baker Valley Soil Conserva thorization Baker Valley project. Project development period, from the time water is tion District. will not add to surplus crops. Will con first delivered to that block or to as near WALTER SHAMWAY, tribute much toward strengthening overall that number of years as is consistent with the Chairman, Burnt River Soil Conserva economy. Benefits will extend water sup adoption and operation of a variable repay tion District. plies for irrigation of forage and pasture ment plan as is provided therein. Costs allo W. W. ANDREWS, crops to season-long basis utilized by beef cated to irrigation in excess of the amount Chairman, Keating Soil Conservation cattle and sheep. Will also control spring determined by the Secretary of the Interior District. floods this area. to be within the ability of the irrigators to JOHN M. McCoRMICK, LEROY C. WRIGHT, repay within the repayment period deter Chairman, Eagle Valley Soil Conser Secretary, Baker County mined under the provisions of this section vation District. Livestock Association. shall be returned to the reclamation fund from net revenues derived by the Secretary from the disposition of power marketed BAKER, OREG., February 19, 1960. BAKER, OREG., February 12, 1960. through the Bonneville Power Administra Hon. ALBERT C. ULLMAN, Hon. ALBERT ULLMAN, tion, which are over and above those required Congressman, Second District, Oregon, Congressman, Second District, Oregon, to meet any present obligations assigned for Washington, D.C. Washington, D.C.: repayment from such net revenues. DEAR CONGRESSMAN ULLMAN: The city of DEAR CONGRESSMAN ULLMAN: The Baker SEc. 3. (a) The Secretary of the Interior Baker believing that the construction of the County Retail Credit Association, a local or is authorized, in connection with the upper Mason Dam on Powder River in Baker ganization, represents 90 leading Baker mer division of the Baker project, to construct County will be of great benefit to the entire chants. This group believes that the con minimum basic public recreation facilities county and State, urges you to use your best struction of the Mason Dam on Powder River and to arrange for the operation and main efforts to introduce legislation authorizing in Baker County will be a great benefit to tenance of the same by an appropriate State its construction in accordance with Bureau the entire county and State, urges you to or local agency or organization. The cost of of Reclamation reports. use your best efforts to introduce legislation constructing such facilities shaU be non PAUL R. REVIS, authorizing its construction in accordance reimbursable and nonreturnable under the City Manager. with Bureau of Reclamation reports. reclamation laws. RUSSELL L. BRADEN, (b) The Secretary may make such reason Secretary-Treasurer, Baker County BAKER JAYCEES, Retail Credit Association. able provision in the works authorized by Baker, Oreg., February 16, 1960. this Act as he finds to be required for the Hon. ALBERT C. ULLMAN, conservation and development of fish and BAKER, OREG., February 12, 1960. Congressman, Second District, Oregon, Hon. ALBERT ULLMAN, wildlife in accordance with the provisions of Washington, D.C. the Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act (48 House of Representatives, Stat. 401, as amended; 16 U.S.C. 661-666c, in DEAR CONGRESSMAN ULLMAN: The Baker Washington, D.C.: clusive), and the portion of the construction Junior Chamber of Commerce believing that I feel that the Mason Dam will benefit costs allocated to these purposes and to flood the construction of the Mason Dam on Baker County and the State at large by control, together with an appropriate share Powder River in Baker County will be of providing needed irrigation, drainage, and of the operation, maintenance, and replace great benefit to the entire county and State, flood control. I fully recommend it. ment costs therefor, shall be nonreimburs urges you to use your best efforts to intro RIVES WALLER. able and nonreturnable. Before the works duce legislation authorizing its construction in accordance with Bureau of Reclammation are transferred to an irrigation water user's BAKER, OREG., February 12, 1960. organization for care, operation, and main reports. Very truly yours, Hon. ALBERT ULLMAN, tenance, the organization shall have agreed House Office Building, Washington, D.C. to operate them in a manner satisfactory to KEITH A. STUBBLEFIELD, Secretary. DEAR CONGRESSMAN ULLMAN: We hope you the Secretary of the Interior with respect will be able to secure passage of the bill to to achieving the fish and wildlife benefits, build the Mason Dam. Nothing could hap and to return the works to the United States POWDER RIVER SPORTSMEN'S CLUB, INC., pen in Ba·ker County that would add as for care, operation, and maintenance in the Baker, Oreg., February 16, 1960. much to the economy of the farmers under event of failure to comply with the require Hon. ALBERT C. ULLMAN, the project or to the county as a whole over ments to achieve such benefits. Congressman, Second District, Oregon, a long period O!f time as furnishing full sup (c) The works authorized in this Act shall Washington, D.C. ply of water to land within the district. be operated for flood control in accordance DEAR CONGRESSMAN ULLMAN: The Powder For many years past all water for irriga with regulations prescribed by the Secretary River Sportsmen's Club, Inc., believing that tion is completely gone by July 1. That of the Army pursuant to section 7 of the the construction of the Mason Dam on leaves 70 days of our best growing season Flood Control Act approved December 22, Powder River in Baker County will be of without any water. The flood control fea 1944 (58 Stat. 887). great benefit to the entire county and State, ture of this project will be of great benefit, SEc. 4. There are hereby authorized to be urges you to use your best efforts to intro not only to the lands under the Baker Val appropriated out of any moneys in the duce legislation authorizing it's construc ley Irrigation District but land under the Treasury not otherwise appropriated such tion in accordance with Bureau of Reclama Thief Valley project. Two to three years out sums as will be necessary to carry out the tion reports. · of every five, flood waters stand on large purposes of this Act. Very truly yours, portions of the farmlands 1 to 3 feet deep ROBERT C. WICKAM, and from 1 to 3 weeks at a time, doing RESOLUTION ON THE PROPOSED UPPER DIVISION President. thousands of dollars damage to crops. This water coverage kills all clovers and other IRRIGATION PROJECT good grasses, and only leaves the sour-water Baker County's Soil Conservation District ANTHONY LAKES POST 3048, grasses which are very low in protein. supervisors representing the four districts VETERANS OF FOREIGN WARS As you know our project is not one that encompassing the entire land area favor the OF THE UNITED STATES, will grow surplus crops. Practically all farm immediate development of the upper division February 15, 1960. income in the valley comes from livestock, irrigation project with the construction of Hon. ALBERT C. ULLMAN, hay, and pasture. There are not to exceed Mason Dam on Powder River. This facility Congressman, Second District, State of Ore 300 to 400 acres of wheat grown on the proj will provide a reservoir for water storage ex gon, Washington, D.C. ect. That is grown on a rotation plan and tending water supplies season long for irri DEAR CONGRESSMAN ULLMAN: Anthony would only be in wheat every fourth or gation of 20,000 acres of agricultural lands Lakes Post 3048, Veterans of Foreign Wars, fifth year. located in Baker Valley. This project will United States, believing the Mason Dam on The project wm not face problems experi not contribute to the production of surplus Powder River in Baker County will be of enced by many new projects where they are 1961 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 113 unable to finance themselves until they get the Baker County Chamber of Commerce BAKER, OREG., February 5, 1960. started. These landowners have their build that legislation is being considered in the Hon. ALBERT C. ULLMAN, ings and livestock and are going concerns. form of a bill which you will introduce into Congressman, Second District, Oregon, You must have had several letters by this the House, authorizing construction of the Washington, D.C. t ime from various groups in Baker and Baker Mason Dam in Baker County. DEAR CONGRESSMAN ULLMAN: The COUnty County favoring the project, as some 20 dif We know of no one project which would court of Baker County believes that the con ferent groups ~nd organizations have volun do more for the city and county of Baker struction of the Mason Dam on Powder River teered their desire to go along with the than this dam. in Baker County will be beneficial to our building of the dam. We understand this project, according to economy. This will bring a greater produc Practically all groups are participating, in bill being drafted by you and the Bureau of tion to some 19,000 acres, thereby increasing cluding banks, merchants associations, civic Reclamation, would receive power revenue the tax basis of our county. We, therefore, clubs, county court, in fact everyone is tak from either McNary or John Day Dam, which urge you to introduce legislation to author ing an active part in the project. would make it feasible from the standpoint ize the construction of the Mason Dam. The Baker Production Credit Association of payment by the farmers coming under the Sincerely, has furnished funds to 90 percent of the land project. BAKER COUNTY COURT OF THE owners under the project for their annual We urge your continued effort in the pas STATE OF OREGON, operation expenses for the past twenty five sage of this bill, and that you work toward LLOYD REA, years. They have always liquidated their ob an appropriation for the building of Mason County Judge. ligations. Not one of them has defaulted. Dam. R. M. PHIPPS, They are deserving people and are entitled Very truly yours, County Commissioner. to stored water from Mason Dam. GILL c. WRIGHT, RICHARD KIRBY, County Commissioner. We hope you will be able to get an appro Chair man, Retail Merchants Committee. priation as well as approval of the project. Thanking you for your assistance in the matter we are, BAKER, OREG ., February 8, 1960. PANAMA FLAG OVER CANAL ZONE Respectfully yours, Hon. AL ULLMAN, F. A. PHILLIPS, Representative, Second Congressional Dis RAISES CONSTITUTIONAL QUES President, Baker Production Credit trict, Oregon, Washington, D.C. TION Association. DEAR CONGRESSMAN ULLMAN: We have The SPEAKER. Under the previous been advised that your office is drafting a order of the House the gentleman from BAKER, OREG., February 11, 1960. bill for the authoriation of the Baker Valley Hon. ALBERT C. ULLMAN, project. We are delighted to hear that this Pennsylvania [Mr. FLoonJ is recognized Congressman, Second District, Oregon, legislation has a chance of being considered for 30 minutes. Washington, D.C. by the present Congress and wish to advise Mr. FLOOD. Mr. Speaker, I ask DEAR CONGRESSMAN ULLMAN: The Baker that if you need any assistance from this unanimous consent to revise and extend Lions Club believing that the construction board in furnishing information or other my remarks and include extraneous of the Mason Dam on Powder River in Baker help, please advise us. matter. County will be of great benefit to the entire Very truly yours, The SPEAKER. Is there objection county and State, urges you to use your best BAKER VALLEY IRRIGATION DISTRICT. efforts to introduce legislation authorizing its CONRAD ALLEN. to the request of the gentleman from construction in accordance with Bureau of CLYDE WARD. Pennsylvania? Reclamation reports. CHAS. M. CAETON. There was no objection. Very truly yours, Mr. FLOOD. Mr. Speaker, when ad GEORGE E. CooK, dressing this body on August 31, 1960, Secretary, Baker Lions Club. BAKER KIWANIS CLUB, about the San Jose Conference of Amer PACIFIC NORTHWEST, DIVISION No. 17, CALIFORNIA-PACIFIC UTILITIES Co., Baker, Oreg., February 8, 1960. ican States, which had been attended by Baker, Oreg., February 11, 1960. Hon. ALBERT C. ULLMAN, Secretary of State Herter and Foreign Hon. ALBERT C. ULLMAN, Congressman, Second District, Oregon, Minister Moreno, of Panama, I expressed House of Representatives, Washington, D.C. the following view: Washington, D.C. DEAR CONGRESSMAN ULLMAN: The Baker That the minute this Congress adjourns DEAR AL: We have been informed by Mr. Kiwanis Club by vote of its directors believes sine die there will be an Executive order F. A. Phillips, chairman of the irrigation that the construction of the Mason Dam on issued by the President of the United States committee for the Baker County Chamber of the Powder River in Baker County w111 be upon the recommendation of the Secretary Commerce, that the proposed Mason Dam has of great benefit to the entire county and of State to permit the Republic of Panama been approved by the Bureau of Reclamation State, and urges you to use your best efforts to fly its flag • • • over the Panama Canal at Boise and Denver and is now before the to introduce legislation authorizing its con Zone. Commissioner of Reclamation at Washing struction in accordance with Bureau of Rec On two previous occasions, June 25 and ton, D.C. lamation reports. 28, I had made this same prediction. We urge that you do everything possible Yours very truly, Were these prophecies fulfilled? It is to get the project approved this session of LYLE L. BARE, President. Congress. indeed a barren satisfaction to state that This irrigation project will not only be they were and under circumstances that beneficial to the farmers of Baker Valley KEATING, OREG., February 6, 1960. are incredible, and with which you no but will improve the economy of our entire Representative AL ULLMAN, doubt are familiar. Nevertheless, the area. House of Representatives, facts bear repetition. Yours truly, Washington, D.C. L.G.GRAY, DEAR AL: The Lower Powder Irrigation Dis On September 17, 1960, a day officially District Manager. trict would like to go on record as heartily designated as Constitution Day, the favoring the Mason Dam and Baker Valley President, on advice of the Department BAKER, OREG., February 9, 1960. project. of State and against the mandates of the Hon. ALBERT C. ULLMAN, As you already know, we suffer a great deal Congress, signed an Executive order au Congressman, Second District, Oregon, of flood damage in lower Powder every spring. thorizing the formal display of the Pan Washington, D.C. The submerging of our meadows for so pro ama flag at one place in the Canal Zone DEAR CONGRESSMAN ULLMAN: The Baker longed a period has killed out the clovers as visual evidence of Panamanian titular Rotary Club believing that the construction and more palatable grasses until many of sovereignty over the zone. of the Mason Dam on Powder River in Baker the meadows are of doubtful value either for County will be of great benefit to the entire hay or pasture. The main canals are often The people of the United States were county and State, urges you to use your best broken or filled. As the flood ebbs the fields truly shocked at this symbolic surrender efforts to introduce legislation authorizing are littered with debris and unwanted silt. of our position of exclusive sovereignty its construction in accordance with Bureau All of this plus erosion adds to a large sum over the constitutionally acquired terri of Reclamation reports. over a period of years. There is no question tory of the Canal Zone. Not only that, GEORGE W. GWILLIAM, that the Mason Dam would be of great help hundreds of our citizens from various President, Baker Rotary Club. in controll1ng this damage. parts of the Nation and abroad have With Baker Valley irrigated, we would also BAKER COUNTY CHAMBER OF COMMERCE, derive benefit from their waste waters, sup written strongly worded criticisms of the Baker, Oreg., February 9, 1960. plemental water in late summer for our pres flag-raising order to the President, the Hon. ALBERT C. ULLMAN, ent storage system. Secretary of State, and to Members of House Office Building, Washington, D.C. Sincerely, the Congress, both House and Senate. DEAR CoNGRESSMAN ULLMAN: It is the un JAMES s. WEBER, Moreover, many of the writers have sent derstanding of the merchants committee o! President Lower Powder Irrigation District. me copies of their letters. cvn--a 114 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE January 4 As any competent student of the sub Because of their bearing on the sit 1903 Hay-Bunau-Varilla Canal Convention ject could foresee, this ill-advised sur uation, three of my press releases, Sep to the United States 'in perpetuity• in order to induce the United States to construct the render to mob-dictated demands in tember 21, October 5, and December 3, Panama Canal and to undertake its per Panama has not had the desired etiect 1960, are quoted as parts of my remarks: petual maintenance, operation, and protec of ending anti-U.S. agitations in Panama SEPTEMBER 21, 1960. tion. As a further inducement, the 1903 or elsewhere, but rather just the oppo Con gressman DANIEL J. FLOOD, Democrat, Convention granted all the rights, power, site. of Pennsylvania, commenting on President and authority within the zone which the In Panama, it has been taken as a Eisenhower's order authorizing the flying of United States would possess and exercise as complete reversal of the U.S. position on the Panamanian flag in the Panama Canal if it were sovereign. Moreover, this Con Zone, made the following statement in Wash vention, by specific terms, provided for the the question of sovereignty and as formal ington today : entire exclusion of the exercise by the Re recognition of Panamanian basic sover "The voluntary and unilateral action of public of Panama of any such sovereign eignty over the Canal Zone; also, as sup President Eisenhower on September 17, 1960, rights, power or authority. plying a lever for wringing additional on the eve of Premier Khrushchev's arrival, "It is inconsistent with the sovereign pow future concessions of major character in ordering the flag of Panama to be flown ers of any nation to fly the flag of another from the United States. with the flag of the United States in the nation under duress or pressure. The ex In other countries, it has made the Canal Zone is a disregard of the limits of tortionate demands upon the United States United States a diplomatic laughing the President's power under our law and of do not come from the fine citizens of Pan the rights of our people to govern themselves ama who are noted for their high sense of stock. It encouraged Premier Castro of without dictatorship. The chairman of the honor and restraint in dealing with the Cuba in his arrogant demands for pos Senate Republican policy committee, Sena rights of others, but has been fanned by well session of our naval base at Guantanamo tor STYLES BRIDGES, as quoted from his home trained agents of international Communist and forced our Government to take pre in New Hampshire, was surprised and deeply influences as part of a general corrupting cautionary defense measures. shocked and saw 'absolutely no valid rea program to tear down the moral fiber of all These measures, Mr. Speaker, included son for the flag-flying order.' free nations. the planting of mine fields around the "It is a cowardly yielding on the part of "In this connection, we should recognize naval base, increase of its garrison, and the Executive to the pressure of mob rule in that an inexcusable policy of compromise establishment of a strong Caribbean Panama comparable to hoisting the Soviet and placation has made our Canal Zone the flag on U.S. territory. The ill-advised step, tinderbox of the Caribbean. We are dealing naval patrol force. taken with the hope of placating Pana with a Soviet-organized plan for conquest of When one ponders recent Caribbean manian radicals, can only incite them to in the Caribbean, which has the Panama Canal events in the perspective now possible crease their demands. Furthermore, it is a as its key objective. Such conquest by the and in the light of clarifications made contemptuous defiance of the Congress and Soviets would be but a prelude to their in to the Congress over a period of years, a flagrant ignoring of the advice of the ex tended conquest of the United States. it is truly tragic that our Government ecutive departments most directly concerned "The situation presented by the President's failed to take a definite stand on the with the heavy responsib111ties of maintain order, which, in effect, will aid and abet these Panama situation, which has been sim ing, operating, and protecting the Panama subversive infl.uences toward their prime tar Canal, the lifeline of our country. get, represents a challenge to the sovereign mering since 1956. "The Congress has been long aware of the people of the United States and their Con As it now stands, Mr. Speaker, the fact that subversive influences are in con gress that must be met if our Nation is to precedent set on September 17, 1960, in trol of important areas in our Department of remain independent and its people are to defiance of officially expressed views of State. It is the gradual growth and spread remain free. the Congress, raises constitutional issues of this subversive influence that has alarmed "The President's order has lifted the lid to of the gravest importance for the future the Congress. a Pandora's box. After having acceded to conduct of our foreign policy and the "The Communist-inspired demand that mob rule demands in 1959 and 1960, what rights of our people to govern themselves the Panama flag be flown in the Canal Zone answer shall we give to further demands for was designed to appeal to emotional nation concessions not supported by treaty? Also without dictatorship. alism of Panamanian radicals. It has had In addition, the President's action on our failure to stand up now for our undi that effect. luted sovereignty in the Canal Zone when September 17 brings up the question of "Associated Press dispatches from Havana, the issue is clear cut, opens the door to the the identity of the influences that led dated September 20, 1960, make it clear that final loss of the Panama Canal through the him to sign the :flag-raising order against Acting Prime Minister of Cuba, Raul Castro, machinations of these international forces. the wishes of the Congress and view of notorious Communist brother of Prime Min "As an example, the following is a quota important elements in the Defense and ister Fidel Castro, who is now at the United tion as translated from the front page of the other executive departments. Nations in New York with other Red leaders, Panamanian newspaper, La Hora, of Septem declared: 'It is within our possibilities in ber 12, 1960: So far the persons responsible have a determined moment to reclaim that piece not been determined but a start has been " 'We will not rest in our struggle toward of our national territory, the U.S. naval base our sovereignty over the Canal Zone, that made on this task in the form of an in at Guantanamo Bay in eastern Cuba.' This is a fact, real and unquestionable, and it shall quiry by the Committee on Government is the first effect of the chain reaction set be full and effective in all of its multiple as Operations into subversive activity in in motion with the President's authoriza pects such as the fiscal, the juridical, the the State Department. This inquiry, Mr. tion on Panamanian sovereignty in the political, and the economic, and at the same Speaker, should be pressed with vigor Canal Zone. time we demand that our flag shall fly in "Now we have here the case of one man the Canal Zone as a juridical symbol of that until the situation in that Department without the power of any authority taking is fully clarified, the influences identi sovereignty, and that the Republic be recog an action which is in betrayal of the vital nized as participating equally and justly in fied, and corrective actions taken. interests of our Nation in defiance of the the profits of the canal, one who has all of In this connection, let me now repeat expressed will of the people. Thus, we have the right as one of the two nations who made what I have so often said on this floor: one more example of the spread of the power its construction possible.' that the exclusive sovereignty over the of these subversive infiuences. "Certainly, the timing of the President's Canal Zone conferred by treaty on the "It is especially to be noted that the Con order immediately prior to the arrival in this United States was in nowise a coercive gress, in the exercise of its constitutional country of prominent Communist leaders for action but was deemed and found to be powers, in the Gross amendment, provided conferences has a significance that is most that no part of the Department of Com impressive as emphasizing a surrender of absolutely necessary for the construction, merce appropriations should be used for the maintenance, and operation of the canal national pride and a jesture of yielding to formal display o! the Panama flag in the dedicated enemies of our system of govern by the United States. What has been Canal Zone. ment. true for more than half a century of "In addition, the House of Representatives, "This feverish surrender by Mr. Eisenhower canal history must likewise prove true on February 2, 1960, in House Concurrent bodes ill for the administration's standing up Resolution 459 passed by the overwhelming for America in the face of Khrushchev and so long as the United States continues vote of 381 to 12, took the stand that acced to exercise the responsibility of main the other heads of Communist governments taining, operating, and protecting the ing to Panamanian demands for display of in the coming weeks. The congressional in the Panama flag in the Zone would be a quiries into subversive activities in the De canal. A divided or diluted sovereignty 'major departure from established policy' partment of State, which are now under way, would bring utter confusion and chaos. and 'should not be accomplished through should be pressed with increased vigor to the This may be the goal sought by com Executive fiat' but 'only pursuant to treaty.' end that these influences may be identified munistic influences but can never be the (See H. Rept. 2218, 86th Cong., Aug. 31, 1960.) and corrective actions taken by the Congress desire or purpose of the free nations of "The use, occupation, and control of the to repudiate the President's ill-advised action the world. Canal Zone was granted by Panama in the of surrender. I appeal to the people of the 1961 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 115 United States to make their views on this said, "we have not stood firm and have con Mr. ULLMAN, to address the House for crucial issue known to their Senators and tinuously made concessions to the radical 10 minutes, today, and to include ex Representatives." elements in Panama which we should not have made." traneous matter and to revise and extend OcTOBER 5, 1960. FLoon's formal statement on the crisis in his remarks. Congressman DANIEL J. FLooD, Democrat, the Caribbean follows: Mr. FLooD Edith Nourse Rogers Memorial Veterans' mitting a draft of proposed legislation en Hospital; to the Committee on Veterans' Af titled "A bill to amend the act entitled 'An to the Committee on Interior and Insular A1fairs. fairs. act to create a Board for the Condemnation H .R. 1730. A bill to amend the Internal of Insanitary Buildings in the District of 209. A letter from the Secretary of the Air Revenue Code of 1954 to provide an exemp Columbia, and for other purposes,' approved Force, transmitting a draft of proposed leg islation entitled "A bill to provide for the tion from the admissions tax in the case of May 1, 1906, as amended"; to the COmmittee events for the benefit of a society for the on the District of Columbia. withdrawal and reservation for the Depart ments of the Air Force and the Navy of cer prevention of cruelty to children; to the 198. A letter from the vice president, the tain public lands of the United States at Committee on Ways and Means. Chesapeake & Potomac Telephone Co., trans Luke-Williams Air Force Range, Yuma, Ariz., H.R. 1731. A bill to amend section 6, title mitting the annual report of the Chesapeake for defense purposes"; to the Committee on 18, United States Code, with respect to trans & Potomac Telephone Co. for the year 1960; Interior and Insular Affairs. portation of water-hyacinths and seeds; to to the Committee on the District of COlum 210. A letter from the Chairman, Securi the Committee on the Judiciary. bia. ties and Exchange Commission, transmitting H.R. 1732. A bill to amend the Internal 199. A letter from the Acting Secretary of the Commission's 26th annual report to the Revenue Code of 1954 to provide that an in State, transmitting a draft of proposed leg Congress; to the COmmittee on Interstate dividual may deduct amounts paid for his islation entitled "An act to authorize pay and Foreign Commerce. higher education, or for the higher educa ment to the Government of the Philippines"; 211. A letter from the Secretary of Com tion of any of his dependents; to the Com to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. merce, transmitting an interim report, pur- mittee on Ways and Means. 1961 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE 117 H.R. 1733.- A bill to authorize adjustments dependent child (until said dependent H.R. 1764. A bill to promote the conserva in accounts of outstanding old series cur reaches 24 years of age) while attending any tion of migratory fish and game by requiring rency, and for other purposes; to the Com accredited business school, college, or univer certain approval by the Secretary of the In mittee on Banking and Currency. sity; to the Committee on Ways and Means. terior of licenses issued under the Federal H.R. 1734. A bill to validate certain pay.,. By Mr. CLARK: . Power Act; to the Committee on Interstate men ts in settlement of unused accrued H.R. 1751. A bill to amend the National and Foreign Commerce. leave heretofore or hereafter made to cer Housing Act to assist in providing rental By Mr. DULSKI: tain members of the Army and the Air housing specially tailored to the needs of eld H.R. 1765. A bill to amend the Social Se Force, and for other purposes; to the Com erly persons under a program which is sep c~rity Act and the Internal Reyenue Code mittee on Armed Services. a.rate and distinct from the regular rental so as to provide insurance against the costs H.R. 1735. A bill to provide a method for housing program contained in section 207 of of hospital, nursing home, and surgical serv regulating and fixing wage rates for em that act; to the Commit tee on Banking and ice for persons eligible for old-age and sur ployees of Portsmouth, N.H., Naval Ship Currency. vivors insurance benefits, and for other pur yard; to the Committee on Armed Services. H.R. 1752. A bill to amen d t he Federal Coal poses; to the Committee on Ways and Means. H.R. 1736. A bill to extend furt her the Mine Sa.fe,t y Act so as to provide further for By Mr. EVERETT: periods during which elections may be made the prevention of accidents in coal mines; H .R. 1766. A bill to amend section 4107 of under the Uniformed Services Contingency to t he Committee on Educat ion and Labor. title 38, United States Code, to provide for Opt ion Act of 1953 by active members of a By Mr. CHENOWETH: payment of an additional allowance to cer uniformed service; to the Committee on H.R. 1753. A bill to amend the National tain physicians assigned to duty at Veter Armed Services. Labor Relations Act with respect to collec ans' Administration facilities where it is diffi H.R. 1737. A bill to amend section 302 of tive-bargaining contracts which have been cult to recruit or retain physicians; t o the the Soldiers and Sailors Civil Relief Act of in existence for a continuous period of 25 Commit tee on Veterans' Affairs. 1940 with respect to the method of fore years or more; t o the Committee on Educa By Mr. FERN6S-ISERN: closure of mortgages, and for other purposes; t ion and Labor. H .R. 1767. A bill to extend and amend the to the Committee on Veterans' Affairs. By Mr. CURTIN: National Housing Act, as amended, to pro By Mr. BOW: H.R. 1754. A bill to amend sections 1461, vide mortgage insurance for individually H.R. 1738. A bill to create a body corpo 1462, 1463, and 1465 of title 18 of the United owned units in a multifamily structure, and rate known as Daughters of Union Veterans States Code to provide mandatory prison for other purposes; to the Committee on of the Civil War; to the Committee on the sentences in certain cases for m ailing, im Banking and Currency. Judiciary. porting, or transporting obscene material; H.R. 1768. A bill to convey certain prop H.R.1739. A bill to amend the Railroad to the Committee on the Judiciary. erties to the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico; Retirement Act of 1937 to provide that cer H.R. 1755. A bill to amend the act of Au to the Committee on Government Opera tain individuals entitled to an annuity gust 21 , 1935, to provide for a determination tions. thereunder shall receive an increased an of whether certain sites, buildings, or other By Mr. HAGEN of California: nuity if they have a child in care; to the objects are of national historical signifi Committee on Interstate and Foreign Com cance, and to prohibit the use of Federal H .R. 1769. A bill to authorize the Secre merce. funds for highway purposes which damage t ary of the Interior to construct, operate, H .R . 1740. A bill to strengthen State gov or destroy national historical sites, buildings, and maintain the Folsom south unit, Ameri ernments, to provide financial assistance to or other objects; to the Committee on Inte can River division, Central Valley project, States for educational purposes by returning in California; to the Committee on Interior rior and Insular Affairs. and Insular Affairs. a portion of the Federal taxes collected H .R. 1756. A bill to provide that compen therein, and for other purposes; to the Com sation of an individual for services performed By Mr. HALEY: mittee on Education and Labor. while engaged in commerce, or as an officer H.R. 1770. A bill to amend the Budget and By Mr. BREEDING: or employee of the United States, shall be Accounting Act, 1921, to provide for the re H.R. 1741. A bill to designate the Tuttle subject to State and local income taxes only tirement of the public debt by setting aside Creek Reservoir, Kans., as the Willard J. in the State and political subdivision in the first 5 percent of the budget receipts of Breidenthal Reservoir; to the Committee on which such individual is domiciled, and for the United States !or each fiscal year for Public Works. other purposes; to the Committee on Ways the sole purpose of retirement of obligations By Mr. CELLER: and Means. counted as part of the public debt; to the Committee on Government Operations. H.R. 1742. A bill to amend the Bank H.R.1757. A bill to amend title II of the ruptcy Act to authorize courts of bank Social Security Act to increase the amount H.R. 1771. A bill to provide for the desig ruptcy to determine the dischargeability or of outside earnings permitted each year with nation of a highway from Tampa, Fla., to nondischargeability of provable debts; to the out deductions from benefits thereunder; to Miami, Fla., as a part of the National Sys Committee on the Judiciary. the Committee on Ways and Means. tem of Interstate and Defense Highways; to H.R. 1743. A bill providing for the design H.R. 1758. A bill to equalize the pay of t h e Committee on Public Works. of the flag of the United States; to the Com retired members of the uniformed services; H.R. 1772. A bill to provide ,for the con mittee on the Judiciary. to the Committee on Armed Services. struction of a Veterans' Administration H.R. 1744. A bill to establish an effective H.R. 1759. A bill to provide a 1-year mora hospital of 1,000 beds at Bay Pines, Fla.; to program to alleviate conditions of excessive torium on FHA-insured and VA-guaranteed the Committee on Veterans' Affairs. unemployment in certain economically de mortages, with the Federal Government as By Mr. HIESTAND: pressed areas; to the Committee on Ways suming the required mortgage payments H.R. 1773. A bill to provide a program of and Means. {both principal and interest) for mortgagors t ax adjustment for small business and for H.R. 1745. A bill to control the future ex in economically depressed areas who are un persons engaged in small business; to the pansion of bank holding companies; to the employed and unable to make such payments Committ ee on Ways and Means. Committee on Banking and Currency. through n o fault of their own, and for other By Mr. HOLIFIELD: H.R. 1746. A bill to authorize the estab purposes; to the Committee on Banking and H.R. 1774. A bill to amend section 312 of lishing by the Surgeon General of an aftel· Currency. the Immigration and Nationality ~\ct EO as care, posthospital treatment program for H.R. 1760. A bill to amend section 744 of to exempt certain additional persons from drug addiction; to the Committee on Inter title 38, United States Code, to provide that the requirements relating to understanding state and Foreign Commerce. where a veteran has paid in premiums an the English language; to the Committee on H.R. 1747. A bill to amend the Elkins Act, amount equal to or greater than the face the Judiciary. as amended, to prohibit expressly rebates to value of a policy of U.S. Government life H.R. 1775. A bill to prohibit the discharge oil pipeline shipper-owners by the payment insurance, the policy of such insurance shall of members of the Armed Forces under con of dividends; to the Committee on Interstate be paid up; to the Committee on Veterans' ditions other than honorable except pursu and Foreign Commerce. Affairs. ant to the sentence of a court-martial; to the H.R. 1748. A bill to amend the Communi By Mr. JAMES C. DAVIS : Committee on Armed Services. cations Act of 1934, to strengthen the effec H. R. 1761. A bill creating a Commission to By Mr. HOLLAND: tiveness of the Federal Communications be known as the Commission on Noxious and H.R. 1776. A bill to provide for the gath Commission in assuring that broadcast li Obscene Matters and Materials; to the Com ering, evaluation, and dissemination of in censees, filing renewal applications, continue mittee on Education and Labor. formation, and for the formulation of plans, to operate in accord-ance with the public in By Mr. DINGELL: which will aid in the maintenance of a high terest; to the Committee on Interstate and H .R . 1762. A bill to establish a national level of prosperity in the United States, and Foreign Commerce. wilderness preservation system for the per for other purposes; to the Committee on Edu H.R. 1749. A bill to amend the Fair Labor manent good of the whole people, and for cation and Labor. Standards Act of 1938 so as to increase the other purposes; to the Committee on Interior m inimum hourly wage from $1 to $1.25; to and Insular Affairs. By Mr. HULL: the Committee on Education and Labor. H.R. 1763. A bill to save and preserve, for H.R. 1777. A b111 to amend title 18 of the By Mr. CHELF: the public use and benefit, certain portions United States Code to prohibit the counter H.R. 1750. A bill to increase from $600 to of shoreline areas of the United States, and feiting of State obligations in certain cases, $900 the income tax exemption allowed each for other purposes; to the Committee on and for other purposes; to the Committee on taxpayer, each dependent, and $1,200 for a Interior and Insular Affairs. the Judiciary. 118 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE January 4 H.R. 1778. A bill to provide that Federal which would have been counted for the same tion of shrimps and shrimp products, to im expenditures shall not exceed Federal reve purposes 1f he were a commissioned officer; pose a duty on all unprocessed shrimp im nues, except in time of war, national dis to the Committee on Armed Services. ported in excess of the applicable quota, and aster, emergency, or economic depression. H.R. 1794. A bill to provide for the con to impose a duty on processed shrimp and and to provide for the retirement of the veyance of certain real property of the United prohibit its importation in excess of the public debt; to the Committee on Ways and States situated in Haw-aii and to the city and applicable quota; to the Committee on Ways Means. county of Honolulu, Hawaii; to the Commit and Means. H.R. 1779. A bill to amend the Internal tee on Armed Services. By Mr. LOSER: Revenue Code of 1954 to allow income tax H.R. 1795. A bill to authorize the appro H.R.1811. A bill to amend chapter 35 of deductions for cert-ain payments to assist in priation of $200,000 for use toward the con title 38, United States Code, relating to war providing higher education; to the Com struction of a U.S.S. Arizona Memorial; to orphans' educational assistance, in order to mittee on Ways and Means. the Committee on Armed Services. permit eligible persons thereunder 'to at H.R. 1780. A bill to authorize the erection H.R. 1796. A bill to provide a method of tend foreign educational institutions under of a memorial in the District of Columbia regulating and fixing wage rates for ungrad certain circumstances; to the Committee on to Gen. John J. Pershing; to the Committee ed employees in the State of Hawaii; to the Veterans' Affairs. on House Administration. Committee on Armed Services. By Mr. ·MARTIN of Massachusetts: H.R. 1781. A bill to provide for the stock H.R. 1797. A bill to provide for a study and H.R. 1812. A bill to amend paragraph 1102 piling, storage, and distribution of essential investigation of the desirability and feasi of the Tariff Act of 1930, as amended, with foodstuffs and other essential items for the bility of establishing and maintaining a na respect to the duties on hair of the Cashmere sustenance of the civilian population of the tional tropical botanic garden; to the Com goat; to the Committee on Ways and Means. United States, its territories, possessions, and mittee on Agriculture. By Mr. MICHEL: the District of Columbia in the event of H.R. 1798. A bill to authorize the Secre H.R. 1813. A bill to amend section 507 of enemy attack or other disaster; to the Com tary of Agriculture to make real estate the Classification Act of 1949 so as to ex mittee on Armed Services. mortgage loans on leased lands in Hawaii; tend in certain cases the provisions of such By Mr. INOUYE: to the Committee on Agriculture. section which provide salary protection in H.R. 1782. A bill to adjust the retirement H.R. 1799. A bill to amend the Bankhead cases involving downgrading actions; to the benefits of certain retired district judges for Janes Farm Tenant Act, as amended, and Committee on Post Office and Civil Service. the district of Hawaii; to the Committee on title V of the Housing Act of 1949, as amend H.R. 1814. A biil to require a study to be the Judiciary. ed, so as to authorize the Secretary of Agri conducted of the effect of increasing the H.R. 1783. A bill to provide cost-of-living culture to make financial assistance avail diversion of water from Lake Michigan into allowances to judicial employees stationed able under such acts to persons holding the Illinois Waterway for navigation, and outside the continental United States or in leasehold interests in lands in the State of for other purposes; to the Committee on Alaska and Hawaii; to the Committee on the Hawaii and for other purposes; to the Com Public Works. Judiciary. mittee on Agriculture. H.R. 1815. A bill to amend the veterans' H.R. 1784. A bill to provide that the people H.R. 1800. A bill to amend the Agricultural regulations to provide additional compensa of Guam shall be represented by a Resident Act of 1949, as amended, in order to provide tion for veterans having the service-incurred Commissioner in the House of Representa a price-support program for coffee produced disability of deafness of both ears; to the tives of the United St-ates; to the Committee in the State of Hawaii; to the Committee on Committee on Veterans' Affairs. Agriculture. on Interior and Insular Affairs. By Mr. MOSS: H.R. 1801. A bill to restore the size and H.R. 1785. A bill to require an act of Con HR. 1816. A bill to authorize the Secre gress for public land withdrawals in excess weight limitations on fourth-class matter tary of the Interior to construct, operate, mailed to or from Alaska and Hawaii which of 5,000 acres in the aggregate for any project and maintain the Folsom south unit, Amer or facility of any department or agency of the existed prior to their admission as States; to the Committee on Post Office and Civil ican River division, Central Valley project, Government; to the Committee on Interior in California; to the Committee on Interior and Insular Affair.s. Service. H.R. 1802. A bill to authorize the use of air and Insular Affairs. H.R. 1786. A bill to amend the Internal By Mr. PATMAN: Revenue Code of 1954 to provide credit carriers to facilitate the expeditious trans portation of first-class mall to and from H.R.1817. A bill to amend the Federal against income tax for an employer who em Trade Commission Act to provide for the ploys older persons in his trade or business; Hawaii, and for other purposes; to the Com mittee on Post Office and Civil Service. issuance of temporary cease-and-desist to the Committee on Ways and Means. orders to prevent certain acts and practices H.R. 1787. A bill to provide that the Secre H .R. 1803. A bill to provide a price support program for coffee produced in the State of pending completion of Federal Trade Com tary of State shall investigate and report to Hawaii based upon a moving 5-yeaz average mission proceedings; to the Committee on the Congress as to the feasibility of estab of the prices received by the producers of Interstate and Foreign Commerce. lishing a Pacific International House on such coffee; to the Committee on Agriculture. By Mr. PELLY: Sand Island, Hawaii; to the Committee on H.R. 1804. A bill to amend section 601 Gf H.R. 1818. A bill to provide additional com Foreign Affairs. title 38, United States Code, to restore to cer pensation for employees in the postal field H.R. 1788. A bill to amend the Federal tain veterans in Alaska or Hawaii the right service required to qualify on scheme ex Flood Insurance Act of 1956 to provide in to receive hospital care; to the Committee on aminations; to the Committee on Post Office surance against volcanlc eruption damage; Veterans• Affairs. and Civil Service. to the Committee on Banking and Currency. By Mr. JENNINGS: H.R. 1819. A bill to amend section 6 of the H.R. 1789. A bill to amend title n of the H.R.1805. A bill to increase from $600 to act of August 24, 1912, as amended, with Social Security Act so as to Temove the lim $800 the personal income tax exemptions of a respect to the recognition .of organizations of itation upon the amount of outside income taxpayer (including the exemption for a postal and Federal employees; to the Com which an individual may earn while receiv spouse, the exemption for a dependent, and mittee on Post Office and Civil Servlce. ing benefits thereunder; to the Committee the additional exemptions for old age and H.R.1820. A bill to provide coverage under on Ways and Means. blindness); to the Committee on Ways and the old-age, .survivors, and disability in H.R. 1790. A bill to repeal certain provi Means. surance system {subject to an election in the sions of the Federnl Employees Health Bene By Mr. KEOGH: case of those currently servlng) for aU officers fits Act of 1959 to eliminate the distinctions H.R. 1806. A blll to amend the Internal and employees of the United States and Its in such act with respect to dependent -and Revenue Code to permit corporations to qual instrumentalities; to the Committee on nondependent husbands, and for other pur ify as real estate investment trusts; to the Ways and Means. poses; to the Committee on Post Office and Committee on Ways and Means. By Mr. POAGE: Civil Service. By Mr. KOWALSKI: H.R. 1821. A bill for the retirement of the H.R. 1791. A bill to amend the Internal H.R. 1807. A bill to grant civil service em public debt; to the Committee on Appropria Revenue Code of 1954 to allow a taxpayer ployees retirement after 30 years' service; to tions. to deduct for income tax purposes certain the Committee on Post Office and Civil H.R. 1822. A bill to adjust the amount of special assessments and other charges made Service. funds available for farm operating loans against him or his property under local law By Mr. LAIRD; made pursuant to section 21(b) of the Bank without regard to whether they tend to in HR. 1808. A b111 to provide a program of head-Jones Farm Tenant Act, as amended; crease the value of such property; to the tax adjustment for small business and for to the Committee on Agriculture. Committee on Ways and Means. persons engaged in small business; to the By Mr. ROSTENKOWSKI: H.R. 1792. A blll relating to the income tax Committee on Ways and Means. H.R. 1823. A bill to amend the Interstate treatment of cost-of-living allowances re H.R. 1809. A b111 to provide financial assist Commerce Act, as amended, so as to extend ceived by certain caretakers and clerks em ance 'to the States by returning to the States to the railroads a conditional exemption ployed by the National Guard outside the a portion of the Federal income taxes col from economic regulation comparable to that continental United States, or in Hawaii; to lected therein; to the Committee on Ways provided for motor carriers engaged in the the Committee on Ways and Means. -and Means. transportation of ordinaTy livestock, fish, or H.R. 1793. A blll to provide that in deter 13y Mr. LENNON: agricultural commodities; to the Committee mining the amount of -retiTed pay, retire 'H.R. 1810. A bi11 to amend the Tarlff Act of on Interstate and Foreign Commeree. ment pay, or retainer pay payable to any en 1930 to provide for the establishment of H.R. 1824. A bill to provide for the eco listed man, all service shall be counted country-by-country quotas for the importa- nomic regulation of certain motor vehicles 1961 GONGRESSIONAL RECORD-· HOUSE 119 heretofore conditionally exempt the1·efrom H.R. 1838. A bill to include as creditable assure new growers a fair share of such in under the provisions of section 203(b) (6) service, for purposes of the Civil Service Re crease; to the Committee on Agriculture. of the Interstate Commerce Act, as amended, tirement Act, certain unused sick leave to H.R. 1853. A bill to amend title II of the and for other purposes; to the Committee the credit of an employee; to the Committee Social Security Act to increase the amount on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. on Post Office and Civil Service. of outside earnings permitted each year with By Mr. SCHADEBERG: H.R. 1839. A bill authorizing the modifica out deductions from benefits thereunder; to H .R. 1825. A bill to amend the Public tion of the general plan for the comprehen the Committee on Ways and Means. Health Service Act to protect the public from sive development of the White River Basin to H.R. 1854. A bill to amend the Internal unsanit ary milk and milk products shipped provide for additional hydroelectric power Revenue Code of 1954 to provide a credit in interstate commerce, without unduly bur development, for the control of floods, and against income tax for a taxpayer with one dening such commerce; to the Committee on for other purposes; to the Committee on or more children in college; to the Commit Interstate and Foreign Commerce. Public Works. tee on Ways and Means. By Mr. SCHERER: H.R . 1840. A bill to amend title 38, United By Mr. MICHEL: H.R. 1826. A bill creating a commission to States Code, to provide for the payment of H.R. 1855. A bill to amend the act of Octo be known as the Commission on Noxious and pensions to veterans of World War I; to the ber 9; 1940, to provide that the 10-year stat Obscene Matters and Materials: to the Com Committee on Veterans' Affairs. ute of limitations applicable to claims mittee on Education and Labor. By Mr. VAN PELT: against the United States shall not bar the By Mr. SILER: H.R. 1841. A bill to amend section 1478, payment of such claims where they are filed H.R.1827. A bill to amend the Internal title 10, United States Code; to the Com with an appropriate agency of the United Revenue Code of 1954 to exempt a corpora mittee on Armed Services. States during such 10-year period; to the tion from the corporate income tax where its H.R. 1842. A bill to amend title II of the Committee on Government Operations. operations are carried on in an economically Social Security Act to increase to $1,800 a By Mr. BATES: depressed area and provide employment for year the amount of outside earnings per H.J. Res. 88. Joint resolution designatin.:; a specified minimum number of persons in mitted without deductions from benefits the first Sunday in June 'of each year as that area; to the Committee on Ways and thereunder; to thP. Committee on Ways and Teachers Day; to the Committee on the Judi Means. Means. ciary. By Mr. SISK: By Mr. WESTLAND : By Mr. BOW: H.R. 1828. A bill to authorize the Secre H.R. 1843. A bill to amend the Civil Serv H.J. Res. 89. Joint resolution providing for tary of the Interior to construct, operate, ice Retirement Act to eliminate the reduc the revision of .the Status-of-Forces Agree and maintain the Folsom south unit, Ameri tion in annuity elected for a spouse when ment and certain other treaties and interna can River division, Central Valley project, in such a spouse predeceases the person making tional agreements, or the withdrawal of the California; to the Committee on Interior the election; to the Committee on Post Office United States from such treaties and agree and Insular Affairs. and Civil Service. ments, so that foreign countries will not By Mr. STAGGERS: have criminal jurisdiction over American H.R. 1829. A bill to increase the personal H .R. 1844. A bill to authorize adjustments Armed Forces personnel stationed within income tax exemptions (including the ex in accounts of outstanding old series cur their boundaries; to the Committee on For emptions for dependents and the additional rency, and for other purposes; to the Com eign Affairs. exemptions for old age and blindness) to mittee on Banking and Currency. H.J. Res. 90. Joint resolution proposing an $1,000 for 1959 and succeeding years; to the H.R. 1845. A bill to create the Freedom amendment to the Constitution of the Unit Committee on Ways and Means. Commission for the development of the sci ed States relative to equal rights for men and H.R. 1830. A bill to amend title II of the ence of counteraction to the world Commu women; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Social Security Act to reduce from 65 to 60 nist conspiracy and for the training and de By Mr. CELLER: the age at which old-age and other monthly velopment of leaders in a total political war; H.J. Res. 91. Joint resolution to amend the insurance benefits shall be payable thereun to the Committee on Un-American Activities. Constitution to authorize Governors to fill der; to the Committee on Ways and Means. By Mr. WILSON of Indiana: temporary vacancies in the House of Rep H.R. 1831. A bill to authorize and request H.R. 1846. A bill for the establishment of resentatives; to the Committee on the the President to undertake to mobilize at a Commission on Federal Taxation; to the Judiciary. some convenient place in the United States Committee on Ways and Means. H.J. Res. 92. Joint resolution to establish an adequate number of outstanding experts, By Mr. WRIGHT: a commission on the legal status of women and coordinate and utilize their services in H .R. 1847. A bill to authorize purchase of in the United States, to declare a policy as a supreme endeavor to discover means of certain bonds issued by States and local to distinctions based on sex, in law, and curing and preventing cancer; to the Com units of government to finance the develop administration, and for other purposes; to mittee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. ment by such States and local units of gov the Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr. STEED: ernment of facilities to transport water for H.J. Res. 93. Joint resolution to authorize H.R. 1832. A bill to provide a program of domestic, municipal, industrial, and other the Attorney General to establish an In tax adjustment for small business and for purposes; to the Committee on Interior and stitute of Corrections for the training and persons engaged in small business; to the Insular Affa.irs. instruction of corrections personnel selected Committee on Ways and Means. H.R. 1848. A bill to authorize the Secre by States and their municipal subdivisions H .R. 1833. A bill to amend the Federal tary of State to enter into agreements with in the field of correctional methods and Trade Commission Act to strengthen inde friendly Latin American countries for the techniques; to the Committee on the pendent competitive enterprise 'by providing indemnification of lenders in those countries Judiciary. for fair competitive acts, practices, and meth against loss arising out of mortgage loans H.J. Res. 94. Joint resolution proposing an ods of competition, and for other purposes; made on residential or farm property; to the amendment to the Constitution of the to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Committee on Foreign. Affairs. United States to repeal the 22d a.mendment Commerce. H.R. 1849. A bill to amend section 704 of thereto; to the Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr. TRIMBLE: the Foreign Service Act of 1946 to provide H.J. Res. 95. Joint resolution to give the H.R. 1834. A bill to make the evaluation of that the Secretary of State shall provide consent of the Congress to interstate com recreational benefits and wildlife develop special monetary incentives for Foreign pacts or agreements dealing with juveniles ment resulting from the construction of any Service personnel who acquire proficiency in and delinquent juveniles, and for other pur flood control, navigation, or reclamation proj esoteric foreign languages, and for other poses; to the Committee on the Judiciary. ect an integral part of project planning, and purposes; to the Committee on Foreign M By Mr. CHELF: for other purposes; to the Committee on In fairs. H.J. Res. 96. Joint resolution proposing an terior and Insular Affairs. H.R. 1850. A bill to amend the U.S. Infor amendment to the Constitution so as to H.R. 1835. A bill to promote greater equity mation and Educational Exchange Act of make former Presidents of the United States in the administration of the pay systems of 1948 to provide for a program of exchange Members of the Senate; to the Committee on employees in the Veterans' Administration visits from Latin American countries of labor the Judiciary. under prevailing rate schedules by providing leaders, college professors, and persons in By Mr. CURTIN: for certain adjustments in the compensation news media; to the Committee on Foreign H.J. Res. 97. Joint resolution proposing an of such employees; to the Committee on Post Affairs. amendment to the Constitution of the Office and Civil Service. H.R. 1851. A bill to amend the Budget and United States to establish a Commission to H.R. 1836. A bill to allow additional in Accounting Act, 1921, to provide for the re determine the inability of a President to dis come tax exemptions for a taxpayer or a tirement of the public debt by setting aside charge the powers and duties of the office of spouse, or a dependent child under 23 years the first 5 percent of the budget receipts President; to the Committee on the Judi of age, who is a full-time student at an edu of the United States for each fiscal year for ciary. cational institution above the secondary the sole purpose of retirement of obligations H.J. Res. 98. Joint resolution proposing an level; to the Committee on Ways and Means. counted as part of the public debt; to the amendment to the Constitution of the H.R.1837. A bill to amend the Internal Committee on Government Operations. United States empowering the Congress to Revenue Code of 1954 so as to allow a tax H.R.1852. A bill to amend the Sugar Act authorize the President to approve and dis payer to deduct certain expenses incurred by of 1948 to provide that future increases in approve separate items or provisions in ap him in obtaining a higher education; to the sugar quotas will be allocated to domestic propriation bills; to the Committee on the Committee on Ways and Means. beet sugar producers in a manner which will Judiciary. 120 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE January 4 H.J. Res. 99. Joint resolution designating tions; to the Committee on .House Admin By Mr. CURTIN: the American marigold (tagetes erecta) as istration. H.R. 1861. A bill for the relief of Mous!:::l the national floral emblem of the United By Mr. FULTON: Cohanim and Farzaneh Cohanim; to the States; to the Committee on House Adminis H. Res. 71. Resolution to authorize pay Committee on the Judiciary. tration. ment from the contingent fund of the House By Mr. JAMES C. DAVIS: By Mr. JAMES C. DAVIS: for procurement of a marble bust of Speaker H .R. 1862. A bill for the relief of J am es G. H.J. Res. 100. Joint resolution designating Sam Rayburn, of Texas, and for other pur Baldwin, .Sr., to the Committee on the Judi the rose as-the national flower of the United poses; to the Committee on -House Admin- ciary. States; to the Committee on House Adminis istration. · H.R. 1863. A bill for the relief of Robert A. tration. H. Res. 72. Resolution to authorize pay Moore; to the Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr. LOSER: ment from the contingent fund of the House H.R. 1864. A bill for the relief of Watson H.J. Res. 101. Joint resolution proposing an for procurement of a marble bust of former B. J ackson; to the Committee on the Ju amendment to the Constitution of the United Speaker .Joseph W. Martin, Jr., of Massa diciary. States relative to equal rights for men and chusetts, and for ot her purposes; to the H .R . 1865. A bill for the relief of Thomas women; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Committee on House Administration. Hoffman; t o the Commit tee on the Judiciary. H .J. Res. 102. Joint resolution authorizing H. Res. 73. R esolut ion to rename and de H .R. 1866. A bill for the relief of EfGtratios and requesting the President to set aside and dicate: The House Office Building to the Handrinos; to the Committee on the Ju proclaim the Tuesday following the second Honorable Joseph Cann on, the New House d iciary. Monday in June of each year as "National Office Building to the Honorable Nicholas By Mr. DINGELL: Fraternal Day"; to the Committee on the Longworth, and the additional House Office H.R. 1867. A bill for the relief of Bish ara Judiciary. Building to the Honorable Sam Rayburn; to Hanna Iqal; to the Committee on the Ju By Mr. SILER: the Committee on Public Works. diciary. H.J. Res. 103. Joint resolution proposing By Mr. MAILLIARD: By Mr. GIAIMO: an amendment to the Constitut ion of the H. Res. '74. Resolution to provide for a flag H.R. 1868. A bill for 'the relief of Anna United States; to the Committee on the for the Members of the House of Repre Guerra and Amata Guerra; to the Committee Judiciary. sentatives; to the Committee on House Ad on the Judiciary. By Mr. TRIMBLE: ministration. By Mr. HOLIFIELD: H.J . Res. 104. Joint resolution proposing By Mr. MURRAY: H.R. 1869. A bill for the relief of Sun Lok an amendment to the Constitution of the H. Res. 75. Resolution to authorize the Y-en (also known as Pauline Sun) .; to the United States relat ive to equal rights for men Committee on Post Office and Civil Service Committee on the Judiciary. and women; to the Committee on the Judi- to conduct investigations and studies with H.R. 1870. A bill for the relief of Nol-an respect to certain matters within its juris ciary. Sharp ; -to the Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr. WRIGHT: d iction ; to t h e Committee on Rules. H .J. Res. 105. Joint resolution to create a H. Res. 76. Resolution to provide funds for By Mr. HULL: Federal Committee on Tariff Revision; to t h e expenses of the investigations and H.R. 1871. A bill for the relief of Min Ja the Committee on Ways and Means. studies authorized by House Resolution 75; Lee; to the Committee on the Judiciary. H.J. Res. 106. Joint resolution proposing an to the Committee on House Administration. H.R. 1872. A bill for the relief of Petro amendment to the Constitution of the By Mr. SHELLEY: nella Mundhenk; to the Committee on the United States providing for the election of H. Res. 77. Resolution to provide for a flag Judiciary. President and Vice President; to the Com for the Members of the House of Repre H .R. 1873. A bill for the relief of Anna mittee on the Judiciary. sentatives; to the Committee on House Ad Stanislawa Ziolo; to the Committee on the By Mr. BAILEY: m inistration. Judiciary. H. Con. Res. 35. Concurrent resolution to By Mr. VINSON: By Mrs. KELLY: create a Joint Committee on a National Fuels H. R es. 78. Resolution authorizing the · H.R. 1874. A bill for the relief of Dorothy Policy; to the Committee on Rules. Committee on Armed Services to conduct a _and Douglas Williams; to the Committee on H. Con. Res. 36. Concurrent resolution ex full and complete investigation and study the Judiciary. pressing the sense of Congress with respect to of all matters relating to procurement by By Mr. MARTIN of Massachusetts: the transportation of explosives and other the Department of Defense, personnel of H.R. 1875. A bi11 for the relief of Sih Chuen dangerous articles in interstate commerce; to such Departm ent, laws administered by such Liu; to the Committee on the Judiciary. the Committee on the Judic•iary. Department, use of funds by such Depart .By Mr. MONAGAN: By Mr. BATES: ment, and scientific research in support or 1i.R. 1876. A bill for the relief of Alberto H. Con. Res. 37. Concurrent resolution de the armed .services; to the Committee on Rodriquez; to the Committee on the Judi claring the sense of Congress on the use of a Rules. ciary. Great White Fleet in support of American for H. Res. 79. Resolution to provide for the By Mr. O'NEILL: expenses of the investigation and study au eign policy; to the Committee on Armed H.R. 1877. A bill relating to the effective Services. thorized by House Resolution 78; to the Committee on House Administration. date of the qualification of Plumbers Union By Mr. . CLARK: Local No. 12 pension fund as a qualified trust H. Con. Res. 38. Concurrent resolution to By Mr. WALTER: H. Res. 80. Resolution authorizing the under section 401(a) of the Internal Reve create a Joint Committee on a National F uels nue Code of 1954; to the Committee on Ways Study; to the Committee on Rules. printing of additional copies of the report "Communist Target--Youth-Communist and Means. By Mr. WALTER: H.R. 1878. A bill for the relief of Peter H. Con. Res. 39. Concurrent resolution to Infiltration and Agitation Tactics"; to the Committee on House Administration. Ernst Frltze; to the Committee on the Judi create a Joint Committee on a National Fuels ciary. Study; to the Committee on Rules. H.R. 1879. A bill fo.r the relief of Mrs. By Mr. WICKERSHAM: PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS Wong Ship Shee; to the Committee on the H. Con. Res. 40. Concurrent resolution to Judiciary. create a Joint Committee on a National Fuels Under clause 1 of rule xxn, private H.R. 1880. A bill for the relief of Taman Study; to t he Committee on Rules. bills and resolutions were introduced and Toufie Karban; to the Committee on the By Mr. BATES: severally referred as follows: Judiciary. H. Res. 66. Resolution creating a select H.R. 1881. A bill for the relief of Georgios committee to conduct an investigation and By Mr. ANDREWS: H.R. 1856. A blll to include as Spanish Dastamanis; to the Committee on the Ju study of met hods for developing and expedi diciary. tiously carrying out an effective program of American War service under laws adminis tered by the Veterans' Administration H.R. 1882. A bill for the relief of Francesco civil defense shelter construction; to the Pagano; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Ccmmittee on Rules. certain service rendered by Stephen Swan Ogletree during the Spanish-American War,; H.R. 1883. A bill for the relief of Emilia By Mr. CELLER: Suppa; to the Committee on the Judici-ary. H. Res. 67. Resolution to amend the rules to the Committee on the Judiciary. of the House of Representatives; to the Com By Mr. BARRETT: By Mr. QUIE: mittee on Rules. H.R. 1857. A bill for the relief of Aleksan H.R. 1884. A bill for the relief of ,Wil H. Res. 68. Resolution to provide funds for der Dabrowski; to the Committee on the helmina Ginteburg Schleifer; to the Com the Committee on the Judlclary; to the Com .Judiciary. mittee on the Judiciary. mittee on House Administration. By Mr. BATES: By Mr. ROSTENKOWSKI: By Mr. CURTIN~ H.R. 1858. A bil1 for the relief of Sp4c. H.R. 1885. A bill for the relief of Antonio H. Res. 69. Resolution to authorize the Florencio R. Villarba, Jr.; to the Committee .Selvaggi; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Committee on Agriculture to conduct a study -on the Judiciary. By Mr. SCHENCK: of the issuance of milk marketing orders; to ByMr.BOW: H.R. 1886. A bill for the relief of Panagiotis the Committee on Rules. H.R. 1859. A b1ll for the relief of Aurelia Sotiropoulos; to the Committee on the Ju By Mr. DAWSON: Bitu; to the Committee on the Jud.lciary. 'diciary. H. Res. '70. Resolution providing for the By Mr. CHELF: By Mr. SCHERER: expenses of conducting studies and investi H.R. 1860. A bill for the relief ol Jovena.l H.R. 1887. A bill for the relief of Helen -gations authorized by rule XI (8) incurred Gornes Verano; to the Committee on the Tilford Lowery; to the Committee on the by the Committee on Government Opera- Judiciary. Judiciary. 1961 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 121 H.R. 1888. A bill for the relief of Tomislav H.R. 1899. A bill for the relief of Stavros H.R. 1911. A bill for the relief of Ricaredo Lazarevich; to the Committee on the Judi Mourkakos; to the Committee on the Ju Bernabe Dela Cena; to the Committee on the ciary. diciary. Judiciary. By Mr. SHELLEY: H.R. 1900. A bill for the relief of Giuseppe H.R.1912. A bill for the relief of Mrs. H.R. 1889. A bill for the relief of Leonila Gaetano Fiore; to the Committee on the Crisanta Cabanting; to the Committee on Tolentino and Gloria Tolentino; to the Com Judiciary. the Judiciary. mittee on the Judiciary. H.R. 1901. A bill for the relief of Georgia · H.R. 1913. A bill for the relief of Mrs. By Mr. SHEPPARD: J. Makris; to the Committee on the Ju Rufina Cabebe; to the Committee on the H.R. 1890. A bill for the relief of Kui Bor diciary. Judiciary. Woo; to the Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr. DINGELL: H.R. 1914. A bill for the relief of Tamie By Mr. TOLLEFSON: H.R. 1902. A bill for the relief· of Louis Shimoko; to the Committee on the Judi H.R. 1891. A bill for the relief of En1c. Lewis; to the Committee on the Judiciary. ciary. William J. Stevens; to the Committee on the H.R. 1903. A bill for the relief of Mrs. H .R. 1915. A bill for the relief of Mrs. Sode Judiciary. Amina Youssif Casino (nee Simaan); to the Hatta; to the Committee on the Judiciary. H.R. 1892. A bill for the relief of Mrs. Faye Committee on the Judiciary. H .R. 1916. A bill for the relief of Unta Shi E. Russell Lopez; to the Committee on the By Mr. HOLIFIELD: mabukuro; to the Committee on the Ju Judiciary. H.R. 1904. A bill for the relief of Alfonso diciary. H.R. 1893. A bill for the relief of Eduardo Talamantes-Leon; to the Committee on the By Mr. MICHEL: S. Molarte; to the Committee on the Judi Judiciary. H.R. 1917. A bill for the relief of Jose R. ciary. By Mr. INOUYE: Marquez, M.D.; to the Committee on the H.R. 1894. A bill for the relief of Sp4c. H.R. 1905. A bill for the relief of Desiderio Judiciary. Adriano P. Principe; the Committee on to Camarillo; to the Committee on the Judici By Mr. SLACK: the Judiciary. ary. By Mr. VANPELT: H.R. 1918. A bill for the relief of John D. H.R. 1895. A bill for the relief of Henry H.R. 1906. A bill for the relief of Dr. Hyun Morton; to the Committee on the Judiciary. and Edna Robinson; to the Committee on Mo Kwak; to the Committee on the Judiciary. H.R. 1919. A bill for the relief of Hideo the Judiciary. H.R.1907. A bill for the relief of Arsenia Iwasaki; to the Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr. WILSON of California: C. Baltazar; to the Committee on the Judi By Mr. STAGGERS: H.R. 1896. A bill for the relief of the Marl ciary. H.R. 1920. A bill for the relief of Dr. Sabri time Museum Association of San Diego; to H.R. 1908. A bill for the relief of Mrs. Taka Sami; to the Committee on the Judiciary. the Committee on the Judiciary. Iwanaga; to the Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr. BATES (by request): By Mr. DELANEY: H.R. 1909. A bill for the relief of Florante H. Res. 81. Resolution favoring the ad H.R. 1897. A bill for the relief of Maria M. Dulay; to the Committee on the Judiciary. vancement to the grade of captain of Com Varkanis; to the Committee on the Judiciary. H.R. 1910. A bill for the relief of Francisco mander Edward White Rawlins, U.S. Navy H.R. 1898. A bill for the relief of Isabel P. Pascua; to the Committee on the Judi (retired); to the Committee on the Armed Brown; to the Committee on the Judiciary. ciary. Services.
EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS
National Seashore on Cape Cod Cod provides rich opportunities for ap fore, that a small amount of the land preciation of these values, but it is a be eliminated from the area of the sea EXTENSION OF REMARKS compact area, containing communities shore prior to enactment of the legisla developed to a greater degree than is tion. The officials of each of the six OF usual in national parks. towns presented their cases very effec HON. HASTINGS KEITH In drafting our original legislation, tively to the House Subcommittee on OF :MASSACHUSETTS therefore, we took pains to spell out in Public Lands last month. The subcom IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES detail our provisions--many of them mittee came down to the Cape in De unique in park legislation-unique in or cember, toured the area, and conducted Wednesday, January 4, 1961 der to satisfy an unusual situation. We extensive and thoughtful hearings. I Mr. KEITH. Mr. Speaker, I have re are hopeful that our proposal will serve know that the committee is giving care introduced today legislation to create a to enhance the establishment of other ful and conscientious study to the views national seashore on Cape Cod. national seashores in the future, for it of the town officials, and I hope that my Senator SALTONSTALL, President-elect recognizes many of the problems in colleagues will also give this testimony Kennedy, and I spent several months herent in the conserving of areas of na their serious consideration. drafting the bill prior to its introduction tional significance in this era of tremen In several of these towns a very sub in the last session, and came up with, in dous population growth. stantial portion of the revenue-produc my opinion, an excellent piece of legis Following the introduction of our bill, ing property is recommended for inclu lation. the Department of the Interior sent to sion within the park. The sponsors of Upon introduction of this bill early in the Congress a report which recom the bill feel very strongly that the towns September of 1959, I explained that in mended changing or eliminating some of need the revenue from this property in dealing with Cape Cod, we are not con its essential features. order to maintain their economies; and, cerned with the usual, relatively unde At this time I would like to say a few therefore, provided for Federal payments veloped national park area. Several words about the Department's recom in lieu of taxes. Although the Depart well-developed and prosperous communi mendations which I feel could create ment of the Interior recommended ties are involved in this proposal. There rather than resolve problems. against such payments, we have retained fore, any legislation creating a national Our original bill provided that, in this provision. seashore on the Cape must recognize the order to keep the six towns involved in Our bill provides for an advisory unique character of the area and its the proposal self-sufficient and dynamic, commission to help the Federal Govern problems. 1C percent of the land taken in each ment in its policy decisions affecting the I believe that our bill does this. It is town would be returned to that com more than a statement of the principle munity as needed for its normal expan park and the surrounding towns. This that preserving shoreline areas deserves sion and growth. would permit and encourage the pro our Nation's support. It embodies a The Department of the Interior has posed seashore's administrator and the knowledge of the distinct nature of the recommended that this provision be town governments to exist harmoniously area, the people, and the character of stricken. Furthermore, there was some and act in unison. The Department's the Cape. · feeling among the bill's sponsors and recommendation that the Commission Of course, I do not have to tell the the towns that the administration of be terminated after 10 years tends to Congress that there is tremendous na the clause would be cumbersome. destroy its very purpose--long-range tional interest in reserving for future The towns, recognizing that the pro cooperation. I hope the Congress will generations the scenic, historic, and sci vision would be stricken from the bill give serious attention to making the entific treasures of our Nation. Cape in all probability, have requested, there- Commission permanent.