Once Upon a Time... We Lived Together
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Once upon a time... We lived together Joint work in a multiperspective approach 23 workshops 1900-1945 23 workshops ONCE UPON TIME... WE LIVED TOGETHER Joint work in a multiperspective approach implemented by: EUROCLIO-HIP BiH (History Teachers Association of Bosnia) HUNP (Croatian History Teachers Association) UDI-EUROCLIO (Serbian Association of History Teachers) Slovenian Association of History Teachers ANIM (Association of History Educators in Macedonia) HIPMONT (Association of History Teachers in Montenegro) SHMHK (History Teachers Association of Kosovo) 1900-1945 CONTENTS Introduction................................................4 Assasination as a political tool Rich & Poor 14 Melisa Foric Sarajevo Assassination..............................135 1 Edin Radušić, Bahrudin Beširević Apple of discord - The agrarian question - political and social life in Bosnia and Herzegovina 15 Kiti Jurica - Korda under Austro - Hungarian rule .......................................7 Shots in the Parliament .............................151 2 Arbër Salihu 16 Ivana Dobrivojevic, Goran Miloradovic Agrarian reform in Kingdom of SCS, Assassination as a political tool........... 161 and its influence in different parts of the state ........15 17 Mire Mladenovski 3 Irena Paradžik Kovačič, Vanja Zidar Šmic Endangered state? The Terrorism in Ekonomske razlike u prvoj Jugoslaviji ..............25 the Kingdom of Yugoslavia.......................173 Everyday life of common people Conflict and cooperation 4 Emina Zivkovic 18 Mire Mladenovski Some Issues About “Democracy” Balkan Wars.....................................................183 in the Kingdom of SHS ........................37 19 Iljo Trajkovski 5 Ljiljana Lazarevic Paris peace conference Everyday life in the Kingdom SHS 1918-1941....45 Creation of common state Kingdom of SHS\Kingdom Yugoslavia and great powers ...............201 6 Bojana Dujkovic – Blagojevic School life in the Kingdom 20 Donika Xhemajli of Yugoslavia.......................................55 The Resistance of the Minorities An example of Kosovo Albanians in SKS..............217 7 Bojana Dujkovic – Blagojevic, Samojko Cvijanovic 21 Irena Paradžik Kovačič, Vanja Zidar Smic Literate or obidient Everibody against everibody - Case of Education in Kingdom of Yugoslavia ........................... 65 Slovenia...............................................................231 8 Fetnan Derviş 22 Marjeta Šifrer, Helena Mešnjak Equal education for all? - Challenges of education in Children in World War II..................... 247 Kosovo in the Kingdom of SHS ...................................73 23 Nenad Perošević, Milos Vukanović 9 Sanja Pereša Macuka, Igor Jovanović I don’t know whose those airplanes are, Yugoslav Falcon - National identity guardian .......... 85 but the bombs are ours Allied bombing of Yugoslavia during Second World War ........................................................ 257 10 Sanja Pereša Macuka, Igor Jovanović Football and politics ........................................... 95 Participants in the Project.........................265 11 Denis Detling Art and Regime ...................................................105 12 Nenad Perošević, Milos Vukanović Propaganda during the Second World War ......115 13 Nenad Perošević, Milos Vukanović Life of the Partisans ...........................................123 Introduction This book is the result of an intensive collaborative project of the history teachers associations from the countries of former Yugoslavia, also involving the wider region, Europe and beyond, under the auspices of EUROCLIO – the European Association of History Educators. EUROCLIO, the European Association of History Educators, was established in 1992 on request of the Council of Europe to build bridges between history education professionals from all parts of the then recently reunited Europe. EUROCLIO started as an umbrella organization gathering 14 Associations from 14 predominantly Western countries and grew to become a far-reaching network of 44 member Associations and 15 associated members from 52 countries today. EUROCLIO supports the development of responsible and innovative history, citizenship and heritage education by promoting critical thinking, multi-perspectivity, mutual respect, and the inclusion of controversial issues. The Association advocates a sound use of history and heritage education towards the building and deepening of democratic societies, connecting professionals across boundaries of communities, countries, ethnicities and religions. It seeks to enhance the quality of history and citizenship education through capacity building for educators and producing and implementing innovative teaching tools. The partnership between EUROCLIO and the history teachers associations in the region the countries of former Yugoslavia started in 2003, within the project History in action – preparations for the future of Bosnia- Herzegovina, Croatia and Serbia (2003-2008). In 2008, within this project, the unique, award-winning teaching resource “Ordinary People in an Extraordinary Country. Every Day Life in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia and Serbia between East and West 1945‐1990” was published in 4 languages and over 500 history teachers were trained on its implementation. History in Action was implemented by EUROCLIO-HIP BiH (History Teachers Association of Bosnia), HUNP (Croatian History Teachers Association) and UDI-EUROCLIO (Serbian Association of History Teachers), in close cooperation with the Slovenian Association of History Teachers and ANIM (Association of History Educators in Macedonia). A New Project In 2011, this civil society partnership was expanded and deepened through a new project History that Connects. How to Teach Sensitive and Controversial History in the countries of former Yugoslavia? (2011-2014). New partners were involved on equal footing: HIPMONT (Association of History Teachers in Montenegro), SHMHK (History Teachers Association of Kosovo), and the cooperation with the Association of History Educators in Macedonia and with the History Teachers Association of Slovenia was strengthened. This joint effort centrally aimed to strengthen history education by cross-border peer-learning and capacity building and collaborative creation of educational tools, in short: for a History that connects. The effort also supports the challenging and encouraging development of history teaching, promotion of regional cooperation and professional development among associations, educators and historians at national and international level. For the students it supports the development of critical thinking, and understanding regional history and learning history through learning for skills and competences. For the wider society, in which education is a corner stone, this efforts supports mutual understanding, promotes peace, stability and democracy in the region. EUROCLIO and all member associations hope that by this the process of reconciliation is advanced. Within project activities, particular emphasis is given to development of modern methods of teaching history and the teaching process in general. By selecting painful and controversial topics, and presenting them in the form of comprehensive source- and inquiry-based based modules ready to be used in class, we intended to encourage the critical thinking and to develop the awareness that someone else might not have the same interpretation of “our glorious past”. This additional, innovative material for history teaching is intended for pupils of final grades of primary schools and students of gymnasiums and vocational secondary schools. It allows them to experience a positive approach to the regional history of the period 1900-1945. The methodological approach corresponds to the demands of modern history teaching in the perspective of development of regional cooperation, as is also recognized in Council of Europe (2001: 15 and 2009:1880) and UNESCO Recommendations, and the European Union Key Competences for Life Long Learning (2008). 4 An International Project International Trainers and Advisors from Finland, Iceland, Israel, South Africa, Switzerland and United Kingdom (England, Northern Ireland and Scotland) gave active training workshops in which they shared their insight into issues of history education in their countries, as well as trained the authors on how to work with educational material based on the sources and inquiry for learning outcomes. Representatives of History Teachers Associations of Albania, Bulgaria, Finland, Greece, Iceland, Italy, The Netherlands, Norway and Switzerland participated as observers in various workshops for Authors and Experts in the project, sharing their insights as experts and learners. The Authors, experts and developers in this project were able to improve their skills to implement a creative and modern approach to teaching history. Contributing to their capacity, they also shared and piloted the draft educational material in many different settings, including in Estonia, Israel, Northern-Ireland and Ukraine. During three years of working on the project, more than 260 participants were included in various activities, such as workshops, classroom piloting workshops, seminars, study visits, lectures, and international conferences. It enabled them to develop new skills and abilities, but also to strengthen capacities of organizations of civil society in the region. Thanks This project and material in your hands is possible thanks to the initial support of the Council of Europe and the