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Earthcare and Himawari-8 Aerosol Products EarthCARE and Himawari-8 Aerosol Products Maki Kikuchi, H. Murakami, T. Nagao, M. Yoshida, T. Nio, Riko Oki (JAXA/EORC), M. Eisinger and T. Wehr (ESA/ESTEC), EarthCARE project members and Himawari-8 group members 14th July 2016 Contact: [email protected] EarthCARE Earth Observation Research Center 2 CPR Observation Instruments on EarthCARE MSI CPRCPR Cloud Profiling Radar BBR ATLIDATLID Atmospheric Lidar ATLID Copyright ESA MSIMSI Multi-Spectral Imager European Space Agency（ESA）／National Institute of Institutions Information and Communications Technology（NICT）／ BBRBBR Broadband Radiometer Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency（JAXA） Launch 2018 using Soyuz or Zenit (by ESA) Mission Duration 3-years Mass Approx. 2200kg Sun-synchronous sub-recurrent orbit Orbit Altitude: approx. 400km Mean Local Solar Time (Descending): 14:00 Synergetic Observation by 4 sensors Repeat Cycle 25 days Orbit Period 5552.7 seconds Semi Major Axis 6771.28 km Eccentricity 0.001283 3 Inclination 97.050° 285m Synergetic Observation by 4 Sensors on Global Scale •3‐dimensional structureGlobal simultaneous of aerosol observations and cloud of including vertical motion ‐ Cloud & aerosol profiles, 3D structure, with vertical motions •Radiation flux at top of‐ Radiation atmosphere flux at Top of Atmosphere (TOA) •Aerosol –cloud –radiation‐ Aerosol interactions‐Cloud‐Radiation interaction 4 ATLID ATLID Global Observation of Cloud and Atmospheric Lidar Aerosol Vertical Profile and Optical Properties 355nm High Spectral Resolution Lidar ATLID is a High Spectral Resolution Lidar (HSRL) developed by Instrument （HSRL） European Space Agency. - Rayleigh Channel Channel - Mie Channel（Cross-polarization） Different from the traditional Mie lidar, it has the capability to - Mie Channel (Co-polarization） separate Rayleigh scattering signal (originate from Sampling Horizontal : 285m / Vertical : 103m atmospheric molecules) and Mie scattering signal (originate Observation 3°Off Nadir（TBD） from aerosol and cloud) by high spectral resolution filter. Thus, Direction it has the potential to independently retrieve backscattering coefficient and extinction coefficient of atmospheric particles. Satellite Flight Direction Observation of Fine Particles within Derived Parameters ATLID Observation the Atmosphere Backscattering Coefficient Direction Nadir Direction Target Mask 2 - 3°Off-nadir By 355nm (UV) wavelength, ATLID has the capability to detect Feature Mask fine particles, such as thin cloud and aerosol, that were difficult to be observed by radars. In addition, it also has the Extinction Coefficient Vertical Sampling Depolarization Ratio 100m capability to achieve information of particle shapes by Lidar Ratio Footprint 30m Horizontal Sampling polarization observation. 285m 5 MSI MSI Multi-Spectral Imager Satellite Flight Direction MSI Observation Direction Nadir Direction Instrument Pushbroom Imager Wavelength Band 0.670 m, 0.865 m, 1.65 m, and 2.21 （Visible / Near-Infrared / m Shortwave Infrared） Observation Width 150km （-35ｋｍ～115km） Wavelength Band 8.80 m, 10.80 m, and 12.00 m Footprint 500m×500m （Thermal Infrared） Observation Width 150 km (-35 km to +115 km)* Footprint 500 m x 500 m *This asymmetry is intended to reduce the influence of sunglint Derived Parameters Cloud Flag / Cloud Phase Liquid Optical Thickness Measurement of Cloud by Multiband Liquid Effective Radius (1.6μm) Liquid Effective Radius (2.2μm) MSI is an optical sensor with 7 channels from visible to thermal Cloud Top Height infrared, which measures the cloud distribution and cloud physical Cloud Top Pressure properties including cloud effective radius and optical thickness. Cloud Top Temperature 6 CPR CPR Cloud Profiling Radar The World’s First Satellite- borne Doppler Cloud Radar Instrument 94 GHz （W-band) Doppler Radar Center Frequency 94.05 GHz CPR is a 94 GHz (W-band) Doppler Radar jointly developed by Japan Aerospace Exploration Horizontal : 500 m Sampling Vertical : 500m (Oversampling 100m) Agency (JAXA) and National Institute of Information and Communications Technology Footprint 800m （Horizontal） (NICT). Pulse Repetition 6100 ～ 7500 Hz (Variable PRF) Frequency From its millimeter radar signal, it has the Observation Height Surface to 20km (low latitude), 16km, 12km capability to observe 3-dimensinal distribution Range (high latitude) and physical characteristics of cloud and drizzle. Satellite Flight Direction In addition, information on the in-cloud vertical Derived Parameters motion by Doppler measurement function has the CPR Observation potential to contribute to the understanding of Liquid Water Content Direction Radar Reflectivity Nadir Direction cloud and precipitation process. Ice Water Content Doppler Velocity Liquid Effective Radius EarthCARE CPR has approximately 6 times higher Cloud Mask Ice Effective Radius Cloud Particle Type Vertical Sampling 500m sensitivity compared to CloudSat CPR onboard in Optical Thickness Footprint the A-Train Constellation. 800m Horizontal Sampling 500m 7 BBR BBR Broadband Radiometer Satellite Flight Direction - Short wave : 0.2 – 4.0 um Wavelength Range - Long wave : 4.0 – 50 um* - Short wave: 0 – 450 W/m2/str Dynamic Range 55°Forward - Long wave: 0 – 130 W/m2/str Observation Nadir nadir, forward (55 deg), backward (-55 deg) Direction 55°Backward Footprint 10 km x 10 km Footprint 10 km×10 km *The spectral radiance in Long‐wave channel is calculated from Short‐wave and Total–wave (0.2‐ 50 um) observations. (based on MRD) Measurement of Radiation Flux at Top of Derived Parameters Atmosphere Radiation (Longwave / Shortwave ) BBR has the sensitivity to shortwave and totalwave broadband Radiation Flux(Longwave / Shortwave ) radiances from which shortwave and longwave radiation flux at the top of atmosphere can be retrieved. 8 JAXA EarthCARE Products Standard Product – strongly promoted to be developed and released – processed and released from JAXA/MOS (Mission Operation System) – all data will be able to be sent to ESA operationally when produced Research Product – promoted to be developed and released – some are planned to upgraded to standard products – further divided into two groups; EORC Research Products (ER) – processed and released from JAXA/EORC Laboratory Research Products (LR) – from cooperating Japanese Laboratories 9 JAXA Standard Product and its Release Timing CPR ATLID MSI BBR CPR HDF Data Release Single Sensor Level 1b L1b 6 months after Engineering Values launch CPR CPR ATLID HDF HDF HDF MSI HDF Single Sensor Level 2a L2a L2a L2a L2a High‐level Data Release Echo Cloud Product Product Microphysics 9 months after HDF launch CPR ATLID L2b 2 Sensors Synergy Product Multiple Level 2b Sensors (Synergy) HDF HDF CPR Data Release High‐level CPR ATLID L2b ATLID L2b Microphysics 18 months MSI MSI BBR after launch 3 Sensors Synergy Product 4 Sensors Synergy Product 10 Grid Spacing Processing Product Name File Unit Data Volume Sensor(s) Primary Parameter Level (Product ID for ESA) Horizontal Vertical File Format per day* Received Echo Power / Radar Reflectivity CPR One-Sensor Factor / Doppler Velocity / Pulse Pair 0.5 km 0.1 km 1/8 orbit CPR L1b Received Power and 51.3GB Covariance / Spectrum Width HDF Doppler Product Surface Radar Cross Section 0.5 km - Rayleigh and Mie Backscattering coefficient 0.285 0.103 1/8 orbit ATLID L1b A-NOM * Mie component has horizontal and vertical 91.6GB km km netCDF depolarization component Radiation Intensity * Visible(m), Near IR(m), 1/8 orbit MSI L1b M-NOM 0.5 km - 83.9GB SW IR(1.65m, 2.21m), LW IR(8.80m, netCDF 10.80m, 12.00m) SW and LW Radiation 1/8 orbit BBR L1b B-NOM 10 km - 2.3GB (Forward, Nadir, Backward) netCDF Grid Spacing Processing Product Name File Unit Data Volume Sensor(s) Primary Parameter Level (Product ID for ESA) Horizontal Vertical File Format per day* L1b Radiation Intensity 1/8 orbit MSI L1c M-NOM (interpolated to the location of a 0.5 km - 18.3GB netCDF reference band) * 125 files per day is assumed without compression. ATLID, MSI, BBR is ESA product. 11 Processing Primary Parameter Grid Spacing File Unit Data Volume Sensor(s) Product Name Level (Red: Spatial-integrated values will be also generated) Horizontal Vertical File Format per day* CPR One- Integrated Radar Reflectivity Factor 1/8 orbit CPR L2a sensor Integrated Doppler Velocity 1 km 0.1 km 116.0GB Gas Correction Factor HDF Echo Products Cloud Mask / Cloud Particle Type / CPR One- Liquid Water Content / Ice Water Content / 1 km 0.1 km Effective Radius of Liquid Water Cloud / 1/8 orbit CPR L2a sensor 131.8GB Effective Radius of Ice Water Cloud HDF Cloud Products Optical Thickness 1 km - Feature Mask 0.2 km 0.1 km ATLID One- Target Mask 1 km 0.1 km sensor Aerosol Extinction Coeff. / Aerosol Backscat. 1/8 orbit ATLID L2a Cloud and Coeff. 10km 0.1 km 70.8GB / Aerosol Lidar Ratio / Aerosol Depolarization Ratio HDF Aerosol Cloud Extinction Coeff. / Cloud Backscat. Coeff. / 1 km 0.1 km Products Cloud Backscat. Coeff. / Cloud Depolarization Ratio Cloud Depolarization Ratio 1 km 0.1 km Cloud Flag including Cloud Phase / Optical Thickness of Liquid Water Cloud / MSI One-sensor Effective Radius of Liquid (1.6 μm) / 1/8 orbit MSI L2a 0.5 km - 163.6GB Cloud Products Effective Radius of Liquid (2.2 μm) / HDF Cloud Top Temperature / * 125 files per day is assumed without compression. Cloud Top Pressure / Cloud Top Height 12 Grid Spacing Processing Primary Parameter File Unit Sensor(s) Status Product Name Level (Red: Spatial-integrated values will be also generated) Horizontal Vertical File Format Doppler velocity correction value Red CPR One-sensor (considering
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