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Kakawin Ramayana
KAKAWIN RAMAYANA Oleh I Ketut Nuarca PROGRAM STUDI SASTRA JAWA KUNO FAKULTAS ILMU BUDAYA UNIVERSITAS UDAYANA APRIL 2017 Pengantar Peninggalan naskah-naskah lontar (manuscript) baik yang berbahasa Jawa Kuna maupun Bali yang ada di masyarakat Bali telah lama menjadi perhatian para peneliti baik peneliti nusantara maupun asing. Mereka utamanya peneliti asing bukan secara kebetulan tertarik pada naskah-naskah ini tetapi mereka sudah lama menjadikan naskah-naskah tersebut sebagai fokus garapan di beberapa pusat studi kawasan Asia Tenggara utamanya di eropa. Publikasi-publikasi yang ada selama ini telah membuktikan tingginya kepedulian mereka pada bidang yang satu ini. Hal ini berbeda keadaannya dibandingkan dengan di Indonesia. Luasnya garapan tentang bidang ini menuntut adanya komitmen pentingnya digagas upaya-upaya antisipasi untuk menghindari punahnya naskah-naskah dimaksud. Hal ini penting mengingat masyarakat khususnya di Bali sampai sekarang masih mempercayai bahwa naskah- naskah tersebut adalah sebagai bagian dari khasanah budaya bangsa yang di dalamnya mengandung nilai-nilai budaya yang adi luhung. Di Bali keberadaan naskah-naskah klasik ini sudah dianggap sebagai miliknya sendiri yang pelajari, ditekuni serta dihayati isinya baik secara perorangan maupun secara berkelompok seperti sering dilakukan melalui suatu tradisi sastra yang sangat luhur yang selama ini dikenal sebagai tradisi mabebasan. Dalam tradisi ini teks-teks klasik yang tergolong sastra Jawa Kuna dan Bali dibaca, ditafsirkan serta diberikan ulasan isinya sehingga terjadi diskusi budaya yang cukup menarik banyak kalangan. Tradisi seperti ini dapat dianggap sebagai salah satu upaya bagaimana masyarakat Bali melestarikan warisan kebudayaan nenek moyangnya, serta sedapat mungkin berusaha menghayati nilai-nilai yang terkandung di dalam naskah-naskah tersebut. Dalam tradisi ini teks-teks sastra Jawa Kuna menempati posisi paling unggul yang paling banyak dijadikan bahan diskusi. -
Kakawin Ramayana
Paramita:Paramita: Historical Historical Studies Studies Journal, Journal, 30(2), 30(2), 2020, 2020 193 -207 ISSN: 0854-0039, E-ISSN: 2407-5825 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/paramita.v30i2.23690 MANAGING DIVERSITY IN HISTORY LEARNING BASED ON THE PERSPECTIVE OF KAKAWIN RAMAYANA Nur Fatah Abidin1, Fakrul Islam Laskar2 1) History Education Department, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Indonesia 2) History Department, Bahona College, Jorhat, Assam, India ABSTRACT ABSTRAK This research aims to build a framework of Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membangun diversity management in history learning kerangka manajemen keberagaman dalam based on the reinterpretation of diversity from pembelajaran sejarah berbasis reinterpretasi the perspective of Kakawin Ramayana. The kebhinekaan dari perspektif Kakawin Rama- authors used a critical hermeneutic approach yana. Penulis menggunakan pendekatan her- to interpret the texts of Kakawin Ramayana, meneutik kritis untuk menafsirkan teks Ka- especially in the texts of Prěthiwi and Aṣṭabra- kawin Ramayana, terutama dalam teks ta. The text of Prěthiwi and Aṣṭabrata implicitly Prěthiwi dan Aṣṭabrata. Teks Prěthiwi dan elucidates that diversity should be acknowl- Aṣṭabrata secara implisit menjelaskan bahwa edged based on the moral and ethical attrib- keberagaman harus diakui berdasarkan atribut utes of an individual. There are no spaces for moral dan etis seseorang. Tidak ada ruang arbitrary prejudices based on social identities, untuk prasangka sewenang-wenang berdasar- such as ethnicity, race, or even religiosity -
Ramayan Around the World Ravi Kumar [email protected]
Ramayan Around The World Ravi Kumar [email protected] , Contents Acknowledgement.......................................................................................................2 The Timeless Tale .......................................................................................................2 The Universal Relevance of Ramayan .........................................................................2 Ramayan Scriptures in South East Asian Languages....................................................5 Ramayana in the West .................................................................................................6 Ramayan in Islamic Countries .....................................................................................7 Ramayan in Indonesia Islam is our Religion but Ramayan is our Culture..............7 Indonesia Ramayan Presented in Open Air Theatres ................................................9 Ramayan in Malaysia We Rule in the name of Ram’s Paduka.............................10 Ramayan among the Muslims of Philippines..........................................................11 Persian And Arabic Ramayan ................................................................................11 The Borderless Appeal of Ramayan.......................................................................13 Influence of Ramayan in Asian Countries..................................................................16 Influence of Ramayan in Cambodia .......................................................................17 -
Return of the Gods - the Cambodia Daily
10/12/2015 Return of the Gods - The Cambodia Daily Return of the Gods by Michelle Vachon | October 10, 2015 Over the past few years, Leang Seckon has been using his art to explore the turmoil that engulfed every Cambodian in the 1970s and ’80s. This started with his series “Heavy Skirt,” named after the garment that his mother used to wear, patching it over and over again in the early 1970s as their village in Prey Veng province was being bombed. Leang Seckon and his mixed media artwork, ‘Indochina War,’ in his studio in Phnom Penh (Jens https://www.cambodiadaily.com/weekendtag/return-of-the-god-97003/ 1/5 10/12/2015 Return of the Gods - The Cambodia Daily Welding Ollgaard/The Cambodia Daily) Now, with the mural‐size works he created for his first New York exhibition next week at the Sundaram Tagore Galleries, Mr. Seckon will seek to bring artistic closure to those decades of misery, using the recent repatriation of a looted Cambodian antiquity to symbolize the spiritual end of decades of civil war. In May, a 10th‐century statue of the Hindu monkey deity Hanuman, which is believed to have been looted from the Koh Ker temple complex in the 1960s, was returned by the Cleveland Museum of Art. For Mr. Seckon, having Hanuman back home means that the country is again under the protection of the deity. One of the most cherished figures in the country’s mythology, Hanuman plays a prominent role in the Reamker, Cambodia’s version of the Indian epic tale Ramayana. -
Gagal Paham Memaknai Kakawin Sebagai Pengiring Upacara Yadnya Dan Dalam Menembangkannya: Sebuah Kasus Di Desa Susut, Bangli
GAGAL PAHAM MEMAKNAI KAKAWIN SEBAGAI PENGIRING UPACARA YADNYA DAN DALAM MENEMBANGKANNYA: SEBUAH KASUS DI DESA SUSUT, BANGLI. I Ketut Jirnaya, Komang Paramartha, I Made wijana, I Ketut Nuarca Program tudi Sastra Jawa Kuno, akultas Ilmu Budaya, Universitas Udayana E-mail: [email protected] Abstrak Karya sastra kakawin di Bali sering dipakai untuk mengiringi upacara yadnya. Dari itu banyak terbit dan beredar di masyarakat buku saku Kidung Pancayadnya. Isi setiap buku tersebut nyaris sama. Buku-buku ini membangun pemahaman masyarakat bahwa kakawin yang dipakai untuk mengiringi upacara yadnya telah baku tanpa melihat substansi makna filosofi bait-bait tersebut. Masalahnya beberapa anggota masyarakat berpendapat ada bait-bait kakawin yang biasa dipakai mengiringi upacara kematian, tidak boleh dinyanyikan di pura. Di samping itu juga cara menembangkan kakawin belum baik dan benar. Hal ini juga terjadi di desa Susut, Bangli. Setelah dikaji, ternyata mereka salah memahami makna filosofis bait-bait kakawin tersebut. Hasilnya, semua bait kakawin bisa dinyanyikan di pura karena salah satu fungsinya sebagai sarana berdoa. Setiap upacara yadnya diiringi dengan melantunkan bait-bait kakawin yang telah disesuaikan substansi makna dari bait-bait tersebut dengan yadnya yang diiringi. Demikian pula mereka baru tahu bahwa menembangkan kakawin ada aturannya. Kata kunci: kakawin, yadnya, doa, guru-lagu. 1.Pendahuluan Kakawin dan parwa merupakan karya sastra Jawa Kuna yang hidup subur pada zaman Majapahit. Ketika Majapahit jatuh dan masuknya agama Islam, maka karya sastra kakawin banyak yang diselamatkan di Bali yang masih satu kepercayaan dengan Majapahit yaitu Hindu (Zoetmulder, 1983). Dari segi bentuk, kakawin berbentuk puisi dengan persyaratan (prosodi) satu bait terdiri dari empat baris yang diikat dengan guru-lagu. -
Sita Ram Baba
सीता राम बाबा Sītā Rāma Bābā סִיטָ ה רְ אַמָ ה בָבָ ה Bābā بَابَا He had a crippled leg and was on crutches. He tried to speak to us in broken English. His name was Sita Ram Baba. He sat there with his begging bowl in hand. Unlike most Sadhus, he had very high self- esteem. His eyes lit up when we bought him some ice-cream, he really enjoyed it. He stayed with us most of that evening. I videotaped the whole scene. Churchill, Pola (2007-11-14). Eternal Breath : A Biography of Leonard Orr Founder of Rebirthing Breathwork (Kindle Locations 4961-4964). Trafford. Kindle Edition. … immortal Sita Ram Baba. Churchill, Pola (2007-11-14). Eternal Breath : A Biography of Leonard Orr Founder of Rebirthing Breathwork (Kindle Location 5039). Trafford. Kindle Edition. Breaking the Death Habit: The Science of Everlasting Life by Leonard Orr (page 56) ראמה راما Ράμα ראמה راما Ράμα Rama has its origins in the Sanskrit language. It is used largely in Hebrew and Indian. It is derived literally from the word rama which is of the meaning 'pleasing'. http://www.babynamespedia.com/meaning/Rama/f Rama For other uses, see Rama (disambiguation). “Râm” redirects here. It is not to be confused with Ram (disambiguation). Rama (/ˈrɑːmə/;[1] Sanskrit: राम Rāma) is the seventh avatar of the Hindu god Vishnu,[2] and a king of Ayodhya in Hindu scriptures. Rama is also the protagonist of the Hindu epic Ramayana, which narrates his supremacy. Rama is one of the many popular figures and deities in Hinduism, specifically Vaishnavism and Vaishnava reli- gious scriptures in South and Southeast Asia.[3] Along with Krishna, Rama is considered to be one of the most important avatars of Vishnu. -
Towards a Christian Pastoral Approach to Cambodian Culture
Thesis Title: Towards a Christian Pastoral Approach to Cambodian Culture In fulfilment of the requirements of Master’s in Theology (Missiology) Submitted by: Gerard G. Ravasco Supervised by: Dr. Bill Domeris, Ph D March, 2004 Towards a Christian Pastoral Approach to Cambodian Culture Table of Contents Page Chapter 1 1.0 Introduction 1 1.1 The world we live in 1 1.2 The particular world we live in 1 1.3 Our target location: Cambodia 2 1.4 Our Particular Challenge: Cambodian Culture 2 1.5 An Invitation to Inculturation 3 1.6 My Personal Context 4 1.6.1 My Objectives 4 1.6.2 My Limitations 5 1.6.3 My Methodology 5 Chapter 2 2.0 Religious Influences in Early Cambodian History 6 2.1 The Beginnings of a People 6 2.2 Early Cambodian Kingdoms 7 2.3 Funan 8 2.4 Zhen-la 10 2.5 The Founding of Angkor 12 2.6 Angkorean Kingship 15 2.7 Theravada Buddhism and the Post Angkorean Crisis 18 2.8 An Overview of Christianity 19 2.9 Conclusion 20 Chapter 3 3.0 Religions that influenced Cambodian Culture 22 3.1 Animism 22 3.1.1 Animism as a Philosophical Theory 22 3.1.2 Animism as an Anthropological Theory 23 3.1.2.1 Tylor’s Theory 23 3.1.2.2 Counter Theories 24 3.1.2.3 An Animistic World View 24 3.1.2.4 Ancestor Veneration 25 3.1.2.5 Shamanism 26 3.1.3 Animism in Cambodian Culture 27 3.1.3.1 Spirits reside with us 27 3.1.3.2 Spirits intervene in daily life 28 3.1.3.3 Spirit’s power outside Cambodia 29 3.2 Brahmanism 30 3.2.1 Brahmanism and Hinduism 30 3.2.2 Brahmin Texts 31 3.2.3 Early Brahmanism or Vedism 32 3.2.4 Popular Brahmanism 33 3.2.5 Pantheistic Brahmanism -
Institut Universitari De La Dona
INSTITUT UNIVERSITARI DE LA DONA DE KOSALA A BOLLYWOOD: DOS MIL AÑOS CONTANDO HISTORIAS. UN ESTUDIO SEMIÓTICO DEL RAMAYANA ROSER NOGUERA MAS UNIVERSITAT DE VALÈNCIA Servei de Publicacions 2008 Aquesta Tesi Doctoral va ser presentada a València el dia 10 de març de 2008 davant un tribunal format per: - D. José María Bernardo Paniagüa - D. Josep Gavaldà Roca - D. Juan Arnau Navarro - Dª. Eva Fernández del Campo Barbadillo - D. Ramón X. Roselló Ivars Va ser dirigida per: Dª. Antonia Cabanilles Sanchís ©Copyright: Servei de Publicacions Roser Noguera Mas Depòsit legal: I.S.B.N.: 978-84-370-7160-2 Edita: Universitat de València Servei de Publicacions C/ Artes Gráficas, 13 bajo 46010 València Spain Telèfon: 963864115 UNIVERSITAT DE VALÈNCIA INSTITUT UNIVERSITARI D’ESTUDIS DE LA DONA FACULTAT DE FILOLOGIA, TRADUCCIÓ I COMUNICACIÓ DE KOSALA A BOLLYWOOD: DOS MIL AÑOS CONTANDO HISTORIAS. UN ESTUDIO SEMIÓTICO DEL RAMAYANA TESIS DOCTORAL Presentada por: ROSER NOGUERA MAS Dirigida por: Dra. ANTONIA CABANILLES SANCHIS VALÈNCIA, 2007 I II AGRADECIMIENTOS En primer lugar agradezco a Antonia Cabanilles, mi directora y profesora de crítica literaria y semiótica de la cultura, su entusiamo, apoyo incondicional y tarea de supervisión y dirección. A las personas que me han ayudado todos estos años en la burocracia y el aprendizaje: el profesor Ximo Espinosa del Departamento de Italiano de la Universitat de València, el Prof. Patrizio Rigobon de la Universidad de Bologna, Vicen Belenguer del Institut de la Dona, Sonsoles Vázquez de la Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional; a todos mis compañeros del Department of Germanic and Romance Studies (GRS) de la University of Delhi, especialmente a Shaswati Mazumdar, Jyoti Sabharwal, Manisha Taneja, Mircea, Sabina, Stefano y Dominique; al profesor H. -
Teknik Penerjemahan Lisan Dalam Tradisi Bekayat Di Lombok
TEKNIK PENERJEMAHAN LISAN DALAM TRADISI BEKAYAT DI LOMBOK (INTERPRETING TECHNIQUE APPLIED ON ORAL TRADITION BEKAYAT IN LOMBOK) Safoan Abdul Hamid Kantor Bahasa Provinsi NTB Jalan dr. Sujono, Kelurahan Jempong Baru, Sekarbela, Mataram, NTB, Indonesia Pos-el: [email protected] Diterima: 27 Oktober 2014; Direvisi: 20 November 2014; Disetujui: 3 Desember 2014 Abstract SasaN ethnic group‘s community in /omboN, Nusa Tenggara Barat Province, has an oral tradition of reciting hikayat namely bekayat. During the performance, step of the recitation is followed by interpretation from Melayu language to Sasak. As a part of literary work interpreting, the interpreter applies certain method, technique and ideology. This research is aimed at revealing interpreting technique applied in bekayat performance. Sample of this research is taken from Lombok Barat District, out of three other districts in Lombok. Data collection is conducted through recording and an interview technique. The data are transcribed and then analized by an interlinguistic and descriptive method. Result of the analysis shows that the interpreter of bekayat performance applied three techniques, namely paraphrase, contextual conditioning, and compensation. Keywords: technique, interpreting, bekayat, Lombok Abstrak Masyarakat suku Sasak di Pulau Lombok memiliki tradisi lisan pembacaan hikayat yang dikenal dengan bekayat. Dalam pelaksanaannya, tahap pembacaan hikayat dilanjutkan dengan penerjemahan lisan dari bahasa Melayu ke bahasa Sasak. Proses penerjemahan ini tergolong sebagai penerjemahan karya sastra yang memerlukan metode, teknik, dan ideologi tertentu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengurai teknik penerjemahan lisan dalam pelaksanaan tradisi bekayat. Adapun pengambilan sampel penelitian dilakukan disalah satu kabupaten di Lombok yakni Kabupaten Lombok Barat. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik perekaman, wawancara, dan pencatatan. -
Introduction to Old Javanese Language and Literature: a Kawi Prose Anthology
THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN CENTER FOR SOUTH AND SOUTHEAST ASIAN STUDIES THE MICHIGAN SERIES IN SOUTH AND SOUTHEAST ASIAN LANGUAGES AND LINGUISTICS Editorial Board Alton L. Becker John K. Musgrave George B. Simmons Thomas R. Trautmann, chm. Ann Arbor, Michigan INTRODUCTION TO OLD JAVANESE LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE: A KAWI PROSE ANTHOLOGY Mary S. Zurbuchen Ann Arbor Center for South and Southeast Asian Studies The University of Michigan 1976 The Michigan Series in South and Southeast Asian Languages and Linguistics, 3 Open access edition funded by the National Endowment for the Humanities/ Andrew W. Mellon Foundation Humanities Open Book Program. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 76-16235 International Standard Book Number: 0-89148-053-6 Copyright 1976 by Center for South and Southeast Asian Studies The University of Michigan Printed in the United States of America ISBN 978-0-89148-053-2 (paper) ISBN 978-0-472-12818-1 (ebook) ISBN 978-0-472-90218-7 (open access) The text of this book is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ I made my song a coat Covered with embroideries Out of old mythologies.... "A Coat" W. B. Yeats Languages are more to us than systems of thought transference. They are invisible garments that drape themselves about our spirit and give a predetermined form to all its symbolic expression. When the expression is of unusual significance, we call it literature. "Language and Literature" Edward Sapir Contents Preface IX Pronounciation Guide X Vowel Sandhi xi Illustration of Scripts xii Kawi--an Introduction Language ancf History 1 Language and Its Forms 3 Language and Systems of Meaning 6 The Texts 10 Short Readings 13 Sentences 14 Paragraphs.. -
Ramayan Ki Kathayen, Pandemic and the Hindu Way of Life and the Contribution of Hindu Women, Amongst Others
Hindu Sevika Samiti (UK) Mahila Shibir 2020 East and South Midlands Vibhag FOREWORD INSPIRING AND UNPRECEDENTED INITIATIVE In an era of mass consumerism - not only of material goods - but of information, where society continues to be led by dominant and parochial ideas, the struggle to make our stories heard, has been limited. But the tides are slowly turning and is being led by the collaborative strength of empowered Hindu women from within our community. The Covid-19 pandemic has at once forced us to cancel our core programs - which for decades had brought us together to pursue our mission to develop value-based leaders - but also allowed us the opportunity to collaborate in other, more innovative ways. It gives me immense pride that Hindu Sevika Samiti (UK) have set a new precedent for the trajectory of our work. As a follow up to the successful Mahila Shibirs in seven vibhags attended by over 500 participants, 342 Mahila sevikas came together to write 411 articles on seven different topics which will be presented in the form of seven e-books. I am very delighted to launch this collection which explores topics such as: The uniqueness of Bharat, Ramayan ki Kathayen, Pandemic and the Hindu way of life and The contribution of Hindu women, amongst others. From writing to editing, content checking to proofreading, the entire project was conducted by our Sevikas. This project has revealed hidden talents of many mahilas in writing essays and articles. We hope that these skills are further encouraged and nurtured to become good writers which our community badly lacks. -
Terence Tao Publisher: Hindustan Book Agency Year: 2014 Call Number
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED STUDIES LIBRARY NEW ARRIVALS 13 February 2019 SL.No TITLE ABSTRACT 1 Analysis Vol.1 This two-volume introduction to real analysis is intended for honours undergraduates, who have already been exposed to calculus. The emphasis is on rigour and on foundations. The course material is deeply intertwined with the exercises, as it is intended for the Author: Terence Tao student to actively learn the material and to practice thinking and writing rigorously. Publisher: Hindustan Book Agency Year: 2014 Related URL: https://www.amazon.in/Analysis-v-1-Terence-Tao/dp/8185931623 Call Number: 515 TAO 17263 Recommended by: Dr. Nithin Nagaraj 2 Biostatistical Analysis Zar’s Biostatistical Analysis, Fifth Edition, is the ideal textbook for graduate and undergraduate students seeking practical coverage of statistical analysis methods used by researchers to collect, summarize, analyze and draw conclusions from biological research. The Author: Jerrold H. Zar latest edition of this best-selling textbook is both comprehensive and easy to read. It is suitable as an introduction for beginning students and as a comprehensive reference book for biological researchers and for advanced students. Publisher: Pearson Year: 2013 This book is appropriate for a one- or two-semester, junior or graduate-level course in biostatistics, biometry, quantitative biology, or statistics, and assumes a prerequisite of algebra. Call Number: 570.15195 ZAR Official URL: https://www.pearson.com/us/higher-education/program/Zar-Biostatistical-Analysis-5th-Edition/PGM263783.html 17264 Recommended by: Dr. Nithin Nagaraj 3 Convex Optimization Convex optimization problems arise frequently in many different fields. This book provides a comprehensive introduction to the subject, and shows in detail how such problems can be solved numerically with great efficiency.