Technical Specification for Hal-Dornier-228-202 Aircraft System
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ANNEXURE - 1 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION FOR HAL-DORNIER-228-202 AIRCRAFT SYSTEM HINDUSTAN AERONAUTICS LIMITED TRANSPORT AIRCRAFT DIVISION POST CHAKERI KANPUR INDIA This document is the property of HAL and should Be treated in strict confidence for the intended purpose. The information contained in this document should not be divulged to any third party. CONTENTS CHAPTERS DESCRIPTION 1 HAL-DO-228 Aircraft: General Description……………………………….3 2 Standard HAL-DO-228 Aircraft: Equipment Fit…………………………10 3 Aircraft Performance………………………………………………………………20 4 Aircraft Cabin and Seat Rail details.............................................22 5 Aircraft Antenna Layout...............................................................25 Page 2 of 25 CHAPTER-1 1 HAL-DO-228 AIRCRAFT: GENERAL DESCRIPTION 1.1 The HAL-DO-228 aircraft is a high wing monoplane with a cantilevered wing and two turboprop engines in wing-mounted pod designed for multipurpose utility and commuter services. Characteristics like low fuel consumption, short take off and landing capabilities, operation from semi prepared runways, comfortable air- conditioned cabin and long range make this aircraft ideally suitated for such applications. The leading particulars of the aircraft are: Type HAL-DO-228 AIRCRAFT No. of Crew 2 Maximum Take-off Weight 6400 Kg Maximum Landing Weight 5900 Kg Power Plant 2 Garrett TPE 331-5-252D Turboprops Propellers 2 four bladed reversible pitch Hartzell propellers – HC-B4TN-5ML/LT10574FS Overall Length 16.56 M (54 ft, 4 in) Wing Span 16.97 M (55 ft, 8 in) Maximum Height 4.86 M (15 ft, 11 in) Landing Gears Hydraulically actuated fully retractable Electrical systems 28V, 300 amps DC Page 3 of 25 1.2 Design philosophy 1.2.1 The aircraft is designed to meet normal category requirement of FAA/FAR23. The standard aircraft and associated equipment conform to the certification requirements of LBA and FAA. 1.2.2 The design features include Functional multiplicity – easily and quickly convertible for various roles and missions. Minimum dependence on ground equipment. Operation from short, semi-prepared airfields. Glass cockpit layout. Low internal and external noise level. Open architecture to ensure easy and economical upgradations and long service life. 1.3 Operating Condition 1.3.1 The HAL-DO-228 aircraft has been designed and time tested to operate in all weather conditions (day and night), in tropical (high temperature and high humidity) and other adverse environmental conditions such as low level flight in marine condition. 1.3.2 The aircraft will function satisfactorily within the temperature range of -40 deg C to +55 deg C. 1.4 STOL Capability Specially designed wing airfoil and platform shape coupled with single-slotted Fowler Flap system provide short Take-off and Landing capability to HAL-DO-228 aircraft. 1.5 Rough Field characteristics The sturdy retractable landing gear, a wide wheel base and turboprop engines mounted well clear off the ground on the high wing, permit HAL-DO-228 a/c operation from short strips and semi-prepared airfields. The fuselage mounted main gear retracts into fairings on the fuselage sides. Page 4 of 25 1.6 Power Plant The aircraft is powered by two Garrett TPE-331-5-252D engines each driving a four bladed Hartzell HC-B4TN-5ML/LT 10574 constant speed, fully feathering , reversible pitch propellers of dia. 2.69 m & rpm 1591. Nominal engine power is 715 SHP (flat rated at ISA +18 deg C, sea level). The engine is manufactured under licence from Honeywell at HAL Engine Division and is featured by Propeller Control system. Anti-icing and Foreign Object damage resistance. Reverse thrust. Negative torque sensing. Low emission, low noise. Page 5 of 25 1.7 Wing The main wing is made of three principal sections: a constant chord centre section extending just outboard of the engines ; and outer wing panels left and right incorporating taper and twist (nose down). Each wing embodies two integral fuel tanks between front and rear spars. The external dimensions of wing are – Span 16.97 M Area 32.00 Sq. M. Airfoil DO A5 Aspect ratio 9.0 Taper ratio 0.7 Sweep back (Leading Edges) • Inboard 0 deg. • Outboard 8 deg. 1.8 Fuselage The HAL-DO-228 features a rectangular non-pressurised fuselage which allows economical and trouble free structural maintenance with minimum down time as compared to pressurised aircraft. The flight openable roller door located behind the wing contributes to the ease of operations and adds to versatility in such utility applications. Easily accessible baggage areas are available in the aircraft’s nose section and aft of the cabin area. The external dimensions of fuselage are: Length 16.56 M Max. Height 1.90 M Max. Width 1.50 M 1.9 Air Conditioning System The aircraft is equipped with an air-conditioning system which is capable of maintaining the flight compartment temperatures at comfortable levels. Temperatures in the cabin and flight compartment is maintained between +18 deg C and +28 deg C and is selected and controlled automatically. Manual regulation of temperature is also provided. Flow limited bleed air from both engines passes through a venturi and a heat exchanger to a cold air unit. In the mixing chamber, cold air and warm bleed air is mixed according to the control panel settings. After dehydration, the conditioned air Page 6 of 25 is routed to the fixed floor level outlets, the adjustable individual outlets in the cabin ceiling and the equivalent outlets in the cockpit. If required, the air duct system can be fed with ram air. The air-conditioning system is then automatically shut off. On the ground the air-conditioning system can be actuated only when both RPM- levers are at a setting below 96%. In the region above 96% with the landing gear lowered, either on the ground or in the air, the system is deactivated automatically. The seat area is furnished with an array of adjustable air outlets. The air outlets provide individual control of flow rate and direction of the heating, cooling or ram air stream. The outlets are installed in the side ceiling panels and are accessible from the passenger seats. 1.10 Flight Deck/Cockpit The cockpit accommodates two crew members. The aircraft has dual controls and is normally flown by two pilots. Access to the cockpit is either through the cabin or through a separate cockpit door. Excellent visibility is provided for both the pilots. The wind shield provided is capable of absorbing impact energies and incorporates heating arrangements for de-icing. Flight instruments and indicators are provided on front panel while navigation and communication controls on central pedestal and switches on two overhead panels. Cockpit has a separate entry/exit door for the pilot and is equipped with a bad weather window. The seats and pedals are of adjustable type. 1.11 Hydraulic System The hydraulic system operates the landing gear, brakes and nose wheel steering. Hydraulic power is generated by a self regulating pump driven by a DC powered electrical motor. Nominal system pressure is 206 bar (3000 psi). The normal hydraulic power supply system consists of: An electrically driven hydraulic pump. A hydraulic reservoir with a maximum filling volume of 2.6 litres. A pressure gauge. A pneumatic emergency blow down system caters for emergency extension of landing gears. The blow down bottle is filled with nitrogen at a pressure of 170 bars at 20 deg C. The charging pressure of the bottle is indicated by a pressure indicator which can be checked from the outside through an inspection window in the fuselage. Page 7 of 25 1.12 Landing Gear The hydraulically operated landing gear consists of a forward retracting twin wheel nose leg and sideways retracting single wheel main legs. The main landing gear consists of two oleo-pneumatic shock absorbers which are integrated in the gear structure. The main wheels retract sideways below the fuselage from attachment points at the side of the fuselage. The landing gear actuators are secured by an internal mechanical lock at the extended position. The twin wheel nose landing gear consists of a steerable oleo-pneumatic shock absorber which is integrated in the gear strut. Extension and retraction of the main gear and nose gear is powered by the hydraulic system. 1.13 Fuel System The fuel system consists of two independent systems which can be connected by cross feed. The LH fuel system is identical to the RH fuel system. During normal operation, each fuel system feeds the corresponding engine. Each system comprises of: Fuel tanks. Fuel Booster Pumps. Jet pumps. Fire Cock. Crossfeed System. Indicating System. Three integral tanks are fitted in each wing. The total useable fuel capacity is 2850 litres (2250 kgs). The tanks in each wing are interconnected. Fuel transfer to the feeder tanks is made by jet pumps. Fuel system includes a Fuel Dumping System which allows for discharge of additional fuel to maintain maximum admissible landing weight in the event of an emergency immediately after take off. The system consists of a fuel dump valve controlled from an overhead panel in cockpit. 1.14 Wing Hard points The wings are fitted with hard points to provide for mounting of four external stores. The inboard and outboard hard points have load carrying capacity of 295 kgs and 220 kgs each respectively. The total load capacity of hard points is 1030 kgs. Page 8 of 25 1.15 Electrical System The electric system is a 28V DC single wire installation with the airframe used as ground return. The primary DC power is supplied by two engine-driven starter generators and two nickel-cadmium batteries for ground or emergency operation. For external 28V DC power supply a ground power connection is installed in the nose section.