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Security & Defence European a 7.90 D 14974 E D European & Security ES & Defence 10/2019 International Security and Defence Journal ISSN 1617-7983 • US Army Priorities • The US and NATO • European Combat Helicopter Acquisition • EU Defence Cooperation • Surface-to-Air Missile Developments www.euro-sd.com • • New Risks of Digitised Wars • Italy's Fleet Renewal Programme • Light Tactical Vehicles • UGVs for Combat Support • Defence Procurement in Denmark • Taiwan's Defence Market • Manned-Unmanned Teaming • European Mortar Industry October 2019 Politics · Armed Forces · Procurement · Technology LIFETIME EXCELLENCE At MTU Aero Engines, we always have your goals in mind. As a reliable partner for military engines, our expertise covers the entire engine lifecycle. And our tailored services guarantee the success of your missions. All systems go! www.mtu.de Militaer_E_210x297_European_Security_Defence_20191001_01.indd 1 17.09.19 08:06 Editorial Juncker’s Heritage The end of October marks the conclusion of the term of office of Jean-Claude Juncker as President of the European Commission. His legacy to his successor Ursula von der Leyen is largely a heap of dust and ashes. Five years ago he came to power with a fanfare for the future. The European Union was to be given a new burst of vitality, become closer to its citizens, at last put an end to its constant preoccupation with itself, and work towards solving the real problems of our times. None of these good intentions have been transformed into reality, not even notionally. Instead, the situation has become worse – a whole lot worse. This is due not least to the fact that the United Kingdom is on the verge of leaving the Euro- pean Union. Brussels has been putting obstacles in the path of London every step of the way, whenever and wherever possible. The intention was deliberately not to allow an orderly exit under fair conditions. The primary goal was to make an example, to scare other Member States from taking a similar step. This calculation may have paid off. The timorous debates which had been flickering in The Netherlands, Austria and Italy about a possible departure from the EU have died down again. But the price which Brussels is paying for its no-comprise stance is a high one. Whether outside the EU, or even continuing within it, the UK is going to be difficult to live with for a long time to come. The lack of gratitude for all the services rendered to the Union during the decades of membership are not going to be easily or quickly forgotten. But Brexit chaos is only the tip of the iceberg. The real problems facing the EU are much more serious, and they have been unresolved for so long that the public at large appear to have be- come accustomed to them. Eastern Europeans may feel memories stirring of the years before the collapse of socialist economic mismanagement. They were aware of the fatality of the situ- ation, but regarded it as a fate that was inevitable. In a similar way, EU Europeans today seem to have got used to their continent stagnating economically, and the threat of losing touch with the global centres of innovation. If it were not for the growth powerhouses of Eastern and Cen- tral Europe, such as Poland, Romania, and Hungary, Europe’s economic performance would be looking much more depleted than it does already. At some point the question will have to be raised as to whether it really is rational to expect growth incentives from Brussels, or whether the core of the problem is actually to be sought in the over-regulating and the bad spirit of uniformity which prevails there. It is not without reason that a number of Member States, and also the States of the western Balkans, which are still waiting for a reliable prospect of accessing membership, see their interests as better served in the Chinese Belt and Road initiative. Not resolved, but likewise escaping the general public’s awareness, is the Euro crisis. Negative interest rates, the purchasing of state bonds by the European Central Bank, and inflated Target 2 balances are signs of financial economic rejection, which inherently incur misallocations in terms of the real economy, imperil private assets, and set at risk the old-age provisions of mil- lions of Europeans. Every new rescue measure which has so far seen the light of day to sustain the Community currency has simply made a bad situation worse. Magnanimous promises which two decades ago prompted citizens of the Euro Zone to allow their national currencies to be abandoned have been broken. The crisis of confidence and trust is not restricted to the European level, and in many Member States has led to populist movements of the most widely differing political orientations and radicality being able to gain influence. Jean-Claude Juncker is not to be held responsible for all these crises, but all too often he has presented a poor image in how they are being managed. Ursula von der Leyen should be afforded a better fate in this respect. Nobody should underestimate her simply because, to everyone’s surprise, and like the proverbial rabbit out of the hat, she has been produced as a compromise candidate. In Germany, she held her own for six years as Minister of Defence in an office which is generally regarded as an ejector seat. Among her strengths is the ability to win political support well be- yond the bounds of her own parties, the German Christian Democrats at national level and the European People’s Party. As well as that, she is almost the only member of the Berlin Govern- ment who in the Trump era has succeeded in gaining a hearing on the other side of the Atlan- tic. With this transatlantic background she might be able to advance the security and defence policy of the EU in a way which will be understood not as an alternative to NATO, but rather as a necessary strengthening of its European pillar. Peter Bossdorf 10/2019 · European Security & Defence 1 Contents Light Tactical Vehicles Legge Navale Photo: Oshkosh Photo: Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Italy Balancing mobility, protection and firepower Page 42 Italy's Fleet Renewal Programme Page 70 SECURITY POLICY ARMED FORCES 11 What Does Washington Want from NATO? 26 US Army Spending Priorities in the Era Stephen Blank of Renewed Great Power Competition Sidney E. Dean 18 EU Defence Cooperation Programmes Giulia Tilenni 32 The Crucible of Conflict Lessons from 20 Years of Combat in the Middle East 22 Armenia in a Shifting Security Environment John Antal Gayane Novikova 36 NATO’s Multinational Hub of Cyber Defence Expertise Team of Authors, CCDCOE Index of Advertisers 38 Facing the New Risks of Digitised Wars BIDEC 67 Robert Janczewski Diehl Aerospace 15 DSEI Japan 27 ARMAMENT & TECHNOLOGY Eurosatory 5 Expodefensa 7 42 Light Tactical Vehicles Sidney E. Dean Future Mortar Systems 91 I/ITSEC 77 49 Small but Excellent: Denmark’s Procurement Authority International Armoured Vehicles 35 Interview with Lieutenant General Flemming Lentfer, International Fighter Conference 61 Commander of DALO and Denmark’s National Lockheed Martin 13 Armaments Director Mittler Books 59 53 Manned-Unmanned Teaming MTU Aero Engines 2nd cover Tamir Eshel Oshkosh 4th cover 58 Fragmented Efforts Schiebel 55 European Multi-Role / Combat Helicopter Acquisitions Georg Mader secunet 37 Sensonor 3 64 Trends in SAM Technology Doug Richardson SOFEX 87 Surface Warship 95 70 Legge Navale: Italy’s Fleet Renewal Programme Systematic 33 Interview with Vice Admiral Chief Inspector VIDSE 2020 81 Matteo Bisceglia (retired), Head of Naval Armaments WB Group 43 Directorate (NAVARM) of the Italian MoD 2 European Security & Defence · 10/2019 74 Unmanned Ground Vehicles for Combat Support Giulia Tilenni 78 Russian UGV Developments IMU Jörgen Elfving TACTICAL GRADE INDUSTRY AND MARKETS 82 Taiwan’s Defence Market Opens Cautiously to European Sellers NEW Wendell Minnick PRODUCT 85 “The autonomy definitely has to increase.” Interview with David Phillips, Textron Systems’ Senior Vice President & General Manager, Unmanned Systems 88 MSPO 2019: Polish Armed Forces Continue Modernisation Efforts Michał Jarocki 92 “I am proud that we have saved so many lives.” Interview with Engin Akyol, CEO of Nurol Makina 1:1 scale 94 Spain’s New Defence Champion Esteban Villarejo 96 “One Mask, All Missions” STIM318 – the latest Sensonor tactical Interview with James Wilcox, grade Inertial Measurement Unit, IMU. President Military, Avon Protection 97 Developments in the European Mortar Industry Increased performance for demanding Waldemar Geiger guidance and navigation applications. 99 “The opportunity presented by the Japanese market is enormous.” • ITAR free Interview with Alex Soar, International Development • Small size, low weight, power and cost Director, DSEI Japan, Clarion Events • Insensitive to magnetic fi elds • Low gyro bias instability (0.3°/h) • Low gyro noise (0.15°/√h) THE BRUSSELS BACKDROP • Low accelerometer bias instability (0.003 mg) 40 NATO and Ukraine • Low accelerometer noise (0.015m/s/√h) Joris Verbeurgt • User programmable BIAS Offset • 3 inclinometers for accurate leveling • Weight 57 grams, volume <2cu.in, power 5V, 1,8 W VIEWPOINT FROM … STIM318 is a design that is fi eld proven in Military Land 16 Kiev navigators, Missile systems, Target acquisition systems, Alex Horobets Airborne surveillance, DIRCM, Remote Weapon Systems, Launch vehicles and Satellites. COLUMNS Qualifi ed according to high-performance aircraft vibration standard. 1 Editorial 4 Periscope 48 Masthead When size, performance and robustness matter 100 Firms & Faces 104 Preview Issue 11-12/2019 [email protected] • sensonor.com 10/2019 · European Security & Defence 3 Periscope Airbus Delivers 1,000th the Soldier Enhancement Program (SEP) A ”Server in the Sky” SUPER PUMA Helicopter via the US Army Maneuver Center of Ex- (ck) At DSEI 2019, CONTROP Precision Tech- (ck) Airbus Helicopters has delivered its cellence.
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