DOCSLIB.ORG

A Re-Examination of the Taxonomy of the Chorthippus Albomarginatus Group in Europe on the Basis of Song and Morphology (Orthoptera: Acrididae)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
A Re-Examination of the Taxonomy of the Chorthippus Albomarginatus Group in Europe on the Basis of Song and Morphology (Orthoptera: Acrididae) A re-examination of the taxonomy of the Chorthippus albomarginatus group in Europe on the basis of song and morphology (Orthoptera: Acrididae) Varvara Yu. Vedenina & Otto von Helversen A study of European sibling species of the Chorthippus albomarginatus group shows that the males could be well distinguished on the basis of the number and density of the stridulatory pegs. We recorded and analysed the calling and courtship songs of the males, as well as the stridulatory movements of the hind legs. Analysis of the stridulatory leg movements allowed us to reveal more differences between both the courtship songs and the calling songs of the European species of this group. On the basis of the morphology, calling and courtship song analysis, we describe a new species, Ch. ferdinandi sp. n., from Greece (Peloponnesus) and a new subspecies, Ch. oschei pusztaensis ssp. n., from the Balkans, Hungary, Moldova and Ukraine. Ch. bruttius Fontana & La Greca, 1999 is classified as a subspecies of Ch. karelini. We describe the phylogenetic relations between the European species of the Ch. albomarginatus group based on the courtship song complexity and courtship visual display. Varvara Yu. Vedenina*, Institute for Information Transmission Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoi Karetnyi per. 19, 127994 Moscow, Russia. [email protected] Otto von Helversen**, Institut für Zoologie, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Staudtstrasse 5, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany. Introduction south-eastern part of European Russia, Kazakhstan Closely related grasshopper species belonging to the and Middle Asia, eastward reaching Irkutsk region Chorthippus albomarginatus group are difficult to of Russia; Ch. lacustris La Greca & Messina, 1975 distinguish morphologically. Thus, for a long time, endemic to a very small area around the lake of Joan- they were named as subspecies of Ch. albomarginatus nina in northern Greece; Ch. bruttius Fontana & (De Geer, 1773) (Bei-Bienko & Mishchenko 1951, La Greca, 1999 described from southern Italy and Harz 1975). Recording and analysis of the acoustic Ch. labaumei Ramme, 1926 described from north- signals allowed several authors to distinguish more western Anatolia. Four species, Ch. albomarginatus, species of this group (Helversen 1986, Fontana & Ch. oschei, Ch. karelini and Ch. lacustris, have quite La Greca 1999). To date, the following sibling spe- similar calling songs (the songs produced spontane- cies are reported to inhabit Europe: Ch. albomar- ously by an isolated male) that are relatively simple ginatus (De Geer, 1773) inhabiting northern and in their temporal structure (Helversen 1986, Ragge central Europe, eastward reaching western Siberia & Reynolds 1998, Fontana & La Greca 1999, and Yakutia; Ch. oschei Helversen, 1986 inhabiting Vedenina & Bukhvalova 2001, Benediktov 2005). In the Balkans, Moldova and south-western Ukraine; contrast, their courtship songs (the songs produced Ch. karelini (Uvarov, 1910) occurring in Asia Minor, by a male when close to a female) are very different Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 152: 65–97, Figs 1–81. [ISSN 0040–7496]. http://www.nev.nl/tve © 2009 Nederlandse Entomologische Vereniging. Published 1 August 2009. * Corresponding author ** We announce with deep regret the death of the junior author on March 2, 2009. 66 Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, volume 152, 2009 and extremely complex in temporal pattern, and in Morphology of the stridulatory files was studied with three species, Ch. oschei, Ch. karelini and Ch. lacus- a CamScan MV2300 scanning electron microscope. tris, the songs are accompanied by species-specific Specimens examined in this study are deposited in movements of the hind legs and antennae (Helversen Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 1986). Two species of this group, Ch. albomargina- St.-Petersburg (ZIN), Zoological Museum of Mos- tus and Ch. oschei, were found to hybridize in a cow State University (ZMMU), Department of contact zone in Ukraine and Moldova (Vedenina & Entomology, Moscow State University (EDMU), in Helversen 2003). The hybrids can be easily produced the personal collections of V. Vedenina in Moscow under no-choice conditions; however, in choice mat- (CV) and of Fer Willemse in Eygelshoven, The Neth- ing experiments, females of the both species demon- erlands, a public collection in due time (CW), in the strated a strong assortative mating. Comparison of Zoological Museum of Akdeniz University, Antalya, the parental and hybrid viability revealed a reduced Turkey (AUZM), in the Museum für Naturkunde hatching and increased larval mortality in F1 and F2 der Humboldt-Universität, Berlin (MNHU), and in hybrids (Vedenina et al. 2007 a). This indicated that the British Museum of Natural History (BMNH). reproductive isolation between Ch. albomarginatus and Ch. oschei was incomplete and mainly ethologi- Song recordings cal isolating mechanisms evolved between the two The calling song was recorded from isolated males; species. It is generally agreed that the Ch. albomar- the courtship song was recorded when a male was ginatus group in Europe is an assemblage of phyloge- sitting close to a female. Most of the song record- netically young species. ings (from 185 males) were made in the laborato- The existent literature does not contain a clear diag- ries of Zoological Institute in Erlangen and Insti- nosis for all European species of the Ch. albomar- tute for Information Transmission Problems in ginatus group. On the other hand, more recent Moscow. During stridulation of the males studied studies show that to distinguish the species of this in laboratory, both the sound and the movements group one can use the morphology of the stridula- of the hind legs were recorded with a custom-built tory pegs situated on the inner side of the male hind opto-electronic device (Helversen & Elsner 1977, femur. Thus the morphology of the stridulatory Hedwig 2000). A piece of reflecting foil was glued to pegs was shown to be different in Ch. bruttius and the distal part of each hind leg femur of a male and Ch. albomarginatus (Fontana & La Greca 1999). two opto-electronic cameras were focused on the illu- Two species, Ch. albomarginatus and Ch. oschei, may minated reflecting dots. Each camera was equipped be well recognized on the basis of the stridulatory with a position-sensitive photodiode that converted file structure and the number of the stridulatory pegs the upward and downward movements of the hind as well (Vedenina et al. 2007 b). Moreover, recently legs into voltage signals. These signals, together with collected material on the calling and courtship songs the microphone (½’’ Brüel and Kjaer) recordings of allows us to re-examine the European species of the the sounds, were A/D-converted with a custom-built group. As a result of this study: (i) the species of the PC card. The sampling rate was 2 kHz for record- Ch. albomarginatus group are reviewed on the basis of ing the stridulatory movements and 100 kHz for morphology and song parameters, (ii) a description sound recordings. The ambient temperature near of a new species and a new subspecies is given, (iii) a singing male was 30–32° C. The smaller number one species is downgraded to the level of subspecies, of the song recordings (from 63 males) was made in (iv) the phylogenetic relations between the European the field with the cassette recorders; the upper fre- species of the group are clarified and a hypothesis on quency limit was 14 kHz. During the field record- their biogeography is presented. ings, the ambient temperature near a singing male varied in a range of 24–42° C; however, the record- ings made at 30–32° C were only chosen to measure Methods the song parameters and to show the oscillograms of Morphological measurements the calling songs. All recordings were analyzed with a Morphological studies of the specimens were done Turbolab 4.0 program (Germany, Bressner Tech- with a MBS-9 light microscope at 8–56 magni- nology). Courtship behaviour of 25 males was also fication using an ocular micrometer. The following recorded with a Sony DCR-TRV 355E digital video morphological features were measured: the number camera; the video signals were transferred to a PC for of stridulatory pegs, the length and width of tegmen, analysis of visual display. the length and width of hind femur, the length of The courtship song analysis allowed us to compare pronotum and prozona. Figures were obtained using the homologous temporal song features. Earlier, a Sony DSC-W17 digital camera. we identified the homologous song elements in .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • ED45E Rare and Scarce Species Hierarchy.Pdf
    104 Species 55 Mollusc 8 Mollusc 334 Species 181 Mollusc 28 Mollusc 44 Species 23 Vascular Plant 14 Flowering Plant 45 Species 23 Vascular Plant 14 Flowering Plant 269 Species 149 Vascular Plant 84 Flowering Plant 13 Species 7 Mollusc 1 Mollusc 42 Species 21 Mollusc 2 Mollusc 43 Species 22 Mollusc 3 Mollusc 59 Species 30 Mollusc 4 Mollusc 59 Species 31 Mollusc 5 Mollusc 68 Species 36 Mollusc 6 Mollusc 81 Species 43 Mollusc 7 Mollusc 105 Species 56 Mollusc 9 Mollusc 117 Species 63 Mollusc 10 Mollusc 118 Species 64 Mollusc 11 Mollusc 119 Species 65 Mollusc 12 Mollusc 124 Species 68 Mollusc 13 Mollusc 125 Species 69 Mollusc 14 Mollusc 145 Species 81 Mollusc 15 Mollusc 150 Species 84 Mollusc 16 Mollusc 151 Species 85 Mollusc 17 Mollusc 152 Species 86 Mollusc 18 Mollusc 158 Species 90 Mollusc 19 Mollusc 184 Species 105 Mollusc 20 Mollusc 185 Species 106 Mollusc 21 Mollusc 186 Species 107 Mollusc 22 Mollusc 191 Species 110 Mollusc 23 Mollusc 245 Species 136 Mollusc 24 Mollusc 267 Species 148 Mollusc 25 Mollusc 270 Species 150 Mollusc 26 Mollusc 333 Species 180 Mollusc 27 Mollusc 347 Species 189 Mollusc 29 Mollusc 349 Species 191 Mollusc 30 Mollusc 365 Species 196 Mollusc 31 Mollusc 376 Species 203 Mollusc 32 Mollusc 377 Species 204 Mollusc 33 Mollusc 378 Species 205 Mollusc 34 Mollusc 379 Species 206 Mollusc 35 Mollusc 404 Species 221 Mollusc 36 Mollusc 414 Species 228 Mollusc 37 Mollusc 415 Species 229 Mollusc 38 Mollusc 416 Species 230 Mollusc 39 Mollusc 417 Species 231 Mollusc 40 Mollusc 418 Species 232 Mollusc 41 Mollusc 419 Species 233
    [Show full text]
  • Der Steppengrashüpfer, Chorthippus Vagans
    ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Göttinger Naturkundliche Schriften Jahr/Year: 1994 Band/Volume: 3 Autor(en)/Author(s): Meineke Thomas, Menge Kerstin, Grein Günter Artikel/Article: Der Steppengrashüpfer, Chorthippus vagans (Eversmann, 1848), (Insecta: Orthoptera) im und am Harz gefunden 45-53 Göttinger Naturkundliche Schriften3, 1994: 4 5 - 53 © 1994 Biologische Schutzgemeinschaft Göttingen Der Steppengrashüpfer, Chorthippus vagans (Ev ersm a n n , 1848), (Insecta: Orthoptera) im und am Harz gefunden* The Heath Grasshopper, Chorthippus vagans (E v e r s m a n n , 1848), (Insecta: Orthoptera) recorded in the Harz mountains Thomas Meineke, Kerstin Menge und Günter Grein The Heath Grasshopper, Chorthippus vagans, was recorded in and around the Harz mountains. Distribution, status and habitats are described and discussed. 1. Einleitung und Dorset) (MARSHALL & Haes 1988), Nord-Frankreich (Flandern) (Duijm & Der Steppengrashüpfer wurde in den Kruseman 1983), den Niederlanden meisten Teilen Süd- wie Mitteleuropas (Gelderland) (Hermes & Fliervoet 1987), und ostwärts bis in den Südteil der Nord-Jütland (Skagen, Dänemark) Sowjetunion nachgewiesen (Harz 1975). (Holst 1986) und Nord-Polen (Raum Aufgrund der meist kleinen und oft weit Danzig) (Zacher 1917) markiert. voneinander entfernt lebenden Popula­ In Niedersachsen wurde Chorthippus tionen gilt die Feldheuschreckenart in vagans bisher in 21 Meßtischblatt-Qua­ Mitteleuropa jedoch als relativ selten dranten beobachtet, und zwar in den (Bellmann 1985). Bereichen Lingen/Ems, Sage in Süd- Die nördliche Arealgrenze wird nach Oldenburg, Steinhuder Meer, Elbdünen den gegenwärtigen Kenntnissen durch zwischen Hitzacker und Bleckede, Göhr­ Fundorte in Süd-England (Hampshire de und Drawehn sowie um Gifhorn (vgl. *) 3.
    [Show full text]
  • Invertebrates of Slapton Ley National Nature Reserve (Fsc) and Prawle Point (National Trust)
    CLARK & BECCALONI (2018). FIELD STUDIES (http://fsj.field-studies-council.org/) INVERTEBRATES OF SLAPTON LEY NATIONAL NATURE RESERVE (FSC) AND PRAWLE POINT (NATIONAL TRUST) RACHEL J. CLARK AND JANET BECCALONI Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD. In 2014 the Natural History Museum, London organised a field trip to Slapton. These field notes report on the trip, giving details of methodology, the species collected and those of notable status. INTRODUCTION OBjectives A field trip to Slapton was organised, funded and undertaken by the Natural History Museum, London (NHM) in July 2014. The main objective was to acquire tissues of UK invertebrates for the Molecular Collections Facility (MCF) at the NHM. The other objectives were to: 1. Acquire specimens of hitherto under-represented species in the NHM collection; 2. Provide UK invertebrate records for the Field Studies Council (FSC), local wildlife trusts, Natural England, the National Trust and the National Biodiversity Network (NBN) Gateway; 3. Develop a partnership between these organisations and the NHM; 4. Publish records of new/under-recorded species for the area in Field Studies (the publication of the FSC). Background to the NHM collections The NHM is home to over 80 million specimens and objects. The Museum uses best practice in curating and preserving specimens for perpetuity. In 2012 the Molecular Collections Facilities (MCF) was opened at the NHM. The MCF houses a variety of material including botanical, entomological and zoological tissues in state-of-the-art freezers ranging in temperature from -20ºC and -80ºC to -150ºC (Figs. 1). As well as tissues, a genomic DNA collection is also being developed.
    [Show full text]
  • Diversity and Distribution of Orthoptera Communities of Two Adjacent Mountains in Northern Part of the Carpathians
    Travaux du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle “Grigore Antipa” 62 (2): 191–211 (2019) doi: 10.3897/travaux.62.e48604 RESEARCH ARTICLE Diversity and distribution of Orthoptera communities of two adjacent mountains in northern part of the Carpathians Anton Krištín1, Benjamín Jarčuška1, Peter Kaňuch1 1 Institute of Forest Ecology SAS, Ľ. Štúra 2, Zvolen, SK-96053, Slovakia Corresponding author: Anton Krištín ([email protected]) Received 19 November 2019 | Accepted 24 December 2019 | Published 31 December 2019 Citation: Krištín A, Jarčuška B, Kaňuch P (2019) Diversity and distribution of Orthoptera communities of two adjacent mountains in northern part of the Carpathians. Travaux du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle “Grigore Antipa” 62(2): 191–211. https://doi.org/10.3897/travaux.62.e48604 Abstract During 2013–2017, assemblages of bush-crickets and grasshoppers were surveyed in two neighbour- ing flysch mountains – Čergov Mts (48 sites) and Levočské vrchy Mts (62 sites) – in northern part of Western Carpathians. Species were sampled mostly at grasslands and forest edges along elevational gradient between 370 and 1220 m a.s.l. Within the entire area (ca 930 km2) we documented 54 species, representing 38% of Carpathian Orthoptera species richness. We found the same species number (45) in both mountain ranges with nine unique species in each of them. No difference in mean species rich- ness per site was found between the mountain ranges (mean ± SD = 12.5 ± 3.9). Elevation explained 2.9% of variation in site species richness. Elevation and mountain range identity explained 7.3% of assemblages composition. We found new latitudinal as well as longitudinal limits in the distribu- tion for several species.
    [Show full text]
  • Orthoptera: Acrididae: Gomphocerinae) and Notes on Wing Polymorphism and Geographic Distribution
    Zootaxa 4838 (4): 515–524 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) https://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2020 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4838.4.5 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:D79B4CEF-7E88-4941-8682-1FCE0C85EE3B A new discovery of a long-winged form of Mexican endemic grasshopper Melanotettix dibelonius Bruner, 1904 (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Gomphocerinae) and notes on wing polymorphism and geographic distribution RICARDO MARIÑO-PÉREZ1, SALOMÓN SANABRIA-URBÁN2*, BERT FOQUET3, MARTINA E. POCCO4 & HOJUN SONG3 1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, 3600 Varsity Drive, 48108 Ann Arbor, MI, USA. �[email protected]; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0566-1372 2Laboratory of Ecology, UBIPRO, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. de los Barrios #1, Tlalnepantla, México 54090, México. �[email protected]; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4079-498X 3Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, 2475 TAMU, 77843-2475 College Station, TX, USA. �[email protected]; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1643-6522 �[email protected]; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6115-0473 4Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (CEPAVE), CONICET-UNLP, Boulevard 120 s/n entre av. 60 y calle 64, (1900), La Plata, Argentina and División Entomología, Museo de La Plata, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, (1900) La Plata, Argentina. �[email protected]; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3966-4053 *Corresponding author. Abstract The species Melanotettix dibelonius Bruner, 1904 was previously recorded from Michoacán and Guerrero states in Mexico. This species is characterized by its tegmina, which are always shorter than head and pronotum together and sometimes shorter than the pronotum.
    [Show full text]
  • The Ecology of Selected Grasshopper Species Along an Elevational Gradient by David Harrison Wachter a Thesis Submitted in Partia
    The ecology of selected grasshopper species along an elevational gradient by David Harrison Wachter A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Entomology Montana State University © Copyright by David Harrison Wachter (1995) Abstract: The extent to which grasshopper communities along an elevational gradient change in southwest Montana was studied. In addition to this, four species were chosen to examine changes in phenology along the gradient. This thesis examines the hypothesis that species assemblages change with elevation and that intraspecific variation in phenology occurs with changes in elevation. I used detrended correspondence analysis to evaluate changes in grasshopper and plant species across eleven sampling sites of varying elevation and aspect. Weekly sampling of each site allowed for the plotting of phenologies for Melanoplus sanguinipes, Melanoplus bivittatus, Chorthippus curtipennis, and Melanoplus oregonensis. The results showed non-random distribution of grasshopper species along the gradient. Grasshopper species distribution was significantly correlated to elevation, precipitation, proportion of grasses and forbs, and the total number of plant species. Phenological studies showed thatnymphal emergence was later at sites greater in elevation. Adults from higher elevation sites appeared at collection dates nearly equal to those from lower elevation sites. THE ECOLOGY OF SELECTED GRASSHOPPER SPECIES ALONG AN ELEVATIONAL GRADIENT by David Harrison Wachter A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Entomology MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY Bozeman, Montana December 1995 Uii+* APPROVAL of a thesis submitted by David Harrison Wachter This thesis has been read by each member of the thesis committee and has been found to be satisfactory regarding content, English usage, format, citations, bibliographic style, and consistency, and is ready for submission to the College of Graduate Studies.
    [Show full text]
  • Mobility and Microhabitat Utilization in a Flightless Wetland
    J Insect Conserv (2012) 16:379–390 DOI 10.1007/s10841-011-9423-6 ORIGINAL PAPER Mobility and microhabitat utilization in a flightless wetland grasshopper, Chorthippus montanus (Charpentier, 1825) Jessica Weyer • Jasmin Weinberger • Axel Hochkirch Received: 5 November 2010 / Accepted: 7 July 2011 / Published online: 21 July 2011 Ó Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2011 Abstract Wetlands are among the most threatened hab- existing wetland patches in Central Europe and thereby itat types on our planet. Their decline will probably even reduce the negative effects of habitat fragmentation on intensify under climate change. Many biota are strongly wetland species. dependent on wetlands, including a large number of invertebrate species. The populations of such hygrophilous Keywords Dispersal Á Habitat preferences Á species become increasingly disconnected due to the Mark-recapture Á Microhabitat use Á Orthoptera Á ongoing fragmentation of their habitats. This is particularly Wetland conservation true for species with reduced dispersal capacities, such as flightless insects. We studied mobility, population size and microhabitat utilization in a population of an endangered Introduction grasshopper species, the Water-meadow Grasshopper, Chorthippus montanus. Our mark-recapture study revealed Due to the strong human influence on wetland systems, that the cumulative movement distance of the adults was on these habitat types belong to the most threatened ecosys- average 23.5 m with a maximum of 104 m. The micro- tems on our planet. On a global scale, almost 50% of the habitat analysis showed that both sexes of C. montanus wetlands have been lost and large parts are still unprotected preferred warmer patches with greater radiation than and declining (van der Valk 2006).
    [Show full text]
  • Ent18 1 025 046 Tishechkin Bukhvalova.Pmd
    Russian Entomol. J. 18(1): 2546 © RUSSIAN ENTOMOLOGICAL JOURNAL, 2009 New data on calling signals of Gomphocerinae grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Acrididae) from South Siberia and the Russian Far East Íîâûå äàííûå î ïðèçûâíûõ ñèãíàëàõ ñàðàí÷îâûõ ïîäñåìåéñòâà Gomphocerinae (Orthoptera: Acrididae) Þæíîé Ñèáèðè è Äàëüíåãî Âîñòîêà Ðîññèè D.Yu. Tishechkin & M.A. Bukhvalova Ä.Þ. Òèøå÷êèí, Ì.À. Áóõâàëîâà Department of Entomology, Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Vorobyevy Gory, Moscow, 119991 Russia. E- mail: [email protected]. Êàôåäðà ýíòîìîëîãèè Áèîëîãè÷åñêîãî ôàêóëüòåòà Ìîñêîâñêîãî ãîñóäàðñòâåííîãî óíèâåðñèòåòà èì. Ì.Â. Ëîìîíîñîâà, Âîðîáü¸âû Ãîðû, Ìîñêâà 119991, Ðîññèÿ. KEY WORDS: grasshoppers, Acrididae, Gomphocerinae, songs, signals, variability, bioacoustics, taxonomy, Russia. ÊËÞ×ÅÂÛÅ ÑËÎÂÀ: ñàðàí÷îâûå, Acrididae, Gomphocerinae, ñèãíàëû, èçìåí÷èâîñòü, áèîàêóñòèêà, ñèñòåìàòèêà, Ðîññèÿ. ABSTRACT. Oscillograms and descriptions of sig- for elucidation of status of dubious forms. For this nals of 12 species of Gomphocerinae grasshoppers (Or- reason, in last decades extensive studies of sounds thoptera: Acrididae) from 12 localities in Southern Si- produced by Gomphocerinae grasshoppers were per- beria and the Russian Far East are presented. Within a formed by a number of specialists. subspecies or monotypical species no differences in At present, sounds of european representatives of temporal pattern of signals and acoustic behaviour be- the subfamily are described in literature quite adequate- tween different populations were revealed. Songs of ly. Comprehensive data on signals of West-European different subspecies sometimes differ clearly from each Gomphocerinae can be found in the monograph by other, however. Signals of Aeropedellus variegatus Ragge and Reynolds [1998]. Oscillograms of the songs minutus Mistshenko, 1951 are described for the first of the most part of species from European Russia were time, taxonomic status of this form is discussed.
    [Show full text]
  • BRC 50Th Anniversary Publication
    Celebrating years of the Biological Records Centre Edited by D.B. Roy, P. T. Harding, C.D. Preston & H.E. Roy (2014) BIOLOGICAL RECORDS CENTRE 000000 max 3 words : Shutterstock. 19 PhD Students000000 max 3 wordssince 2000 Chorthippus parallelus 153 Vice- Counties Infographic based on information from BRC and the wider recording community. Photo of community. BRC and the wider recording Infographic based on information from FOREWORD The UK is extremely fortunate in its rich history of naturalists – such as Gilbert White with his 1789 classic Natural History and Antiquities of Selborne or the army of Victorian enthusiasts (often vicars) who pressed flowers, collected butterflies and documented their parishes. These enthusiasts required structures, which led to an array of societies, such as Botanical Society of London formed in 1836, who became the Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Ambitious atlas projects generate a mass of important data of obvious value in the future so the Biological Record Centre (BRC) was born fifty years ago as a repository and to provide support. The BRC has been central to much of UK conservation practice and research. The work on climate change impacts on distribution patterns is especially well known. The detailed Sutherland Photo: Courtesy of Tessa distribution information means the BRC is central to much Bill Sutherland of the routine conservation practice in determining priorities Miriam Rothschild Professor of Conservation Biology, and assessing possible threats. The BRC has also been University of Cambridge fundamental to the National Biodiversity Network Gateway, an ambitious plan to bring together the main sources of UK identification, documenting, feedback, or uses of the data.
    [Show full text]
  • Variation, Plasticity and Possible Epigenetic Influences in Species Belonging to the Tribe Gomphocerini (Orthoptera; Gomphocerinae): a Review
    J. Crop Prot. 2021, 10 (1): 1-18________________________________________________________ Review Article Variation, plasticity and possible epigenetic influences in species belonging to the tribe Gomphocerini (Orthoptera; Gomphocerinae): A review Seyed Hossein Hodjat and Alireza Saboori* Jalal Afshar Zoological Museum, Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran. Abstract: Environmental conditions can cause variation in morphology, behavior, and possibly epigenetic in the numerous species of the Gomphocerinae, especially in mountain habitats. Plasticity and changes in morphology in many of the species in this subfamily is caused by character segregation through the female choice of copulation that has produced various clines, sub-species or species groups. The variation and plasticity, as a result of environmental stress, besides morphology, affect physiology and epigenetics of many insect species. Environmental stress and female assortative mating might be accompanied by hybridization in populations, resulting in character divergence and speciation after a long period of time. Contemporary evolution and/or epigenetic inheritance may be a reason for their variation in acoustic and morphology of Gomphocerinae and the main factor in the present situation of difficulty in their classification. We review possible effects of environmental stress on plasticity, hybridization, and speciation by the appearance of endemic species. About half of the insect pest species have reduced their impacts as pests under global warming. The present insect pest situation in Iran is discussed. Keywords: Classification, Hybridization, Groups, Gomphocerini, Phenotype, Downloaded from jcp.modares.ac.ir at 8:44 IRST on Saturday September 25th 2021 Song 1. Introduction12 2002; Mol et al., 2003; Tishechkin and Bukhvalova, 2009; Vedenina and Helversen, Geographical distribution of Gomphocerinae 2009; Şirin et al., 2010, 2014; Stillwell et al., species is the source for variation, plasticity, 2010; Vedenina and Mugue, 2011).
    [Show full text]
  • Grasshopper (Orthoptera: Acrididae) Community Composition in the Rangeland of the Northern Slopes of the Qilian Mountains in Northwestern China T
    Journal of Insect Science RESEARCH Grasshopper (Orthoptera: Acrididae) Community Composition in the Rangeland of the Northern Slopes of the Qilian Mountains in Northwestern China T. Sun,1,2 Z. Y. Liu,2,3 L. P. Qin,2,3 and R. J. Long2,3,4 1Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150081, China 2International Centre for Tibetan Plateau Ecosystem Management, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China 3College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China 4Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected] Subject Editor: Henry Hagedorn J. Insect Sci. 15(6): 2015; DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/ieu171 ABSTRACT. In order to describe grasshopper (Orthoptera: Acrididae) species composition, diversity, abundance, and density of four rangelands types, we compared the grasshopper community composition and dynamics in the rangeland of the northern slopes of the Qilian Mountains. In total, 55 grasshopper species were collected from 2007 to 2009, representing three families and six subfamilies. The subfamily Oedipodinae was dominant, followed by Gomphocerinae and Catantopinae. Species abundance varied among rangeland types (RTs). The greatest abundance of grasshoppers was found in mountain rangeland, while the lowest abundance of grasshoppers was caught in alpine shrublands. Three species (Chorthippus cf. brunneus (Thunberg) (Acrididae), Chorthippus Dubius (Zubovski), and Gomphocerus licenti (Chang) were broadly distributed in the four RTs and constituted 7.5% of all grasshoppers collected. Ch. dubius was very abundant in desert rangeland and alpine shrubland. Bryodema dolichoptera Yin et Feng Eremippus qilianshanensis Lian and Zheng, and Filchnerella qilianshanensis Xi and Zheng (Pamphagidae) were endemic to the region of the Qilian Mountains.
    [Show full text]
  • Guide to Recording Wildlife
    2012 Guide to Recording Wildlife CONTENTS SECTION 1 – INTRODUCTION 1.1 FOREWORD BY ERIC FLETCHER, RECORD MANAGER 1.2 HABITATS AND HILLFORTS LANDSCAPE PARTNERSHIP SCHEME 1.3 WHY ARE MY RECORDS OF VALUE? 1.4 WHAT INFORMATION SHOULD I RECORD? 1.5 HOW SHOULD I PREPARE TO RECORD? 1.6 CONTACT DETAILS SECTION 2 – SPECIES GUIDES 2.1 AMPHIBIANS 2.2 BIRDS 2.3 FLOWERING PLANTS 2.4 FUNGI 2.5 INVERTEBRATES 2.6 MAMMALS 2.7 REPTILES 2.8 TREES SECTION 3 – ADDITIONAL INFORMATION 3.1 MAPS 3.2 A SIMPLE GUIDE TO TAXONOMY CLASSIFICATION 3.3 RISKS AND HAZARDS 3.4 RECORDING SHEET 3.5 THE DAFOR SCALE 3.6 CODE OF CONDUCT 3.7 WEBLINKS 3.8 ABBREVIATIONS 3.9 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS APPENDICES Appendix 1 Wildlife Recording Sheet Appendix 2 Invertebrate Recording – Ten Must Haves! Appendix 3 Risk Assessment Form Guide to Recording Wildlife Version 1.1 Date: 2012 SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION Guide to Recording Wildlife Version 1.1 Date: 2012 Section 1 Introduction 1.1 FOREWORD BY ERIC FLETCHER, MANAGER OF RECORD In 2011, Habitats and Hillforts teamed up with RECORD to offer a series of species monitoring, identification and recording training events specific to the Sandstone Ridge area. As the Local Record Centre covering the Habitats and Hillforts area, RECORD‟s aim was to improve the biodiversity data holdings for the area and, as a result, improve understanding of the effects of current management within the project area. This Guide to Recording Wildlife provides a complementary resource to this project.As each event in the project had its own theme, this manual also presents a set of Species Identification Guides arranged according to species types.
    [Show full text]