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Hard Custom, Hard Dance : Social Organisation, (Un)
PETRA M. AUTIO HARD CUSTOM, HARD DANCE SOCIAL ORGANISATION, (UN)DIFFERENTIATION AND NOTIONS OF POWER IN A TABITEUEAN COMMUNITY, SOUTHERN KIRIBATI Academic Dissertation to be publicly discussed, by due permission of the Faculty of Social Sciences at the University of Helsinki, in Auditorium XII of the Main Building, April 17th, 2010, at 10 a.m. PETRA M. AUTIO HARD CUSTOM, HARD DANCE SOCIAL ORGANISATION, (UN)DIFFERENTIATION AND NOTIONS OF POWER IN A TABITEUEAN COMMUNITY, SOUTHERN KIRIBATI Research Series in Anthropology University of Helsinki Academic Dissertation Research Series in Anthropology University of Helsinki, Finland Distributed by Helsinki University Press P.O. Box 4 (Vuorikatu 3 A) 00014 University of Helsinki Finland fax +358-9-7010 2374 http://www.yliopistopaino.fi ISSN 1458-3186 ISBN 978-952-10-6150-9 (paperback) ISBN 978-952-10-6151-6 (PDF) Helsinki University Print Helsinki 2010 To my daughter Oili Raakel Maria CONTENTS List of illustrations vii Notes on names, citations and typographical conventions viii Acknowledgements ix 1. INTRODUCTION 1 Social Differentiation, Undifferentiation and Power in Southern Kiribati 3 Kiribati Introduced 11 The Kiribati Custom 15 Tabiteuea and Its Northern District 17 Tabiteuean Custom and Its Hardness 19 Kiribati Studied 21 Fieldwork and Research Questions 27 The Approach and Course of Chapters 29 2. THE ANCESTOR WITHOUT DESCENDANTS: DIFFERENTIATION AND NOTIONS OF POWER IN TABITEUEA 33 Chiefs Are Forbidden? Myth, history, concept 33 Story of the Story 36 The Story of Kourabi (Karakin Kourabi) 42 Lines of power: The Karongoa clan 46 The apical ancestor: Tematawarebwe the first-born 50 Children of many fathers 52 The twofold ancestor: Akau the younger brother 53 Karongoa clan and power 56 Dualities and Transformation of Power 58 Power in the (Un)making 62 Making men, making chiefs 64 Making women 68 Binding but Not Unbinding: Remaining tabu 76 Power in his things 77 Power in the bones 80 Summary: Differentiation and its cut-off point 83 3. -
Legal Preparedness for Regional and International Disaster Assistance in the Pacific Country Profiles
LEGAL PREPAREDNESS FOR REGIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL DISASTER ASSISTANCE IN THE PACIFIC COUNTRY PROFILES ifrc.org The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) is the world’s largest volunteer-based humanitarian network, reaching 150 million people each year through our 192-member National Societies. Together, we act before, during and after disasters and health emergencies to meet the needs and improve the lives of vulnerable people. We do so with impartiality as to nationality, race, gender, religious beliefs, class and political opinions. Guided by Strategy 2020 and Strategy 2030 – our collective plan of action to tackle the major humanitarian and development challenges of this decade – we are committed to ‘saving lives and changing minds’. Our strength lies in our volunteer network, our community- based expertise and our independence and neutrality. We work to improve humanitarian standards, as partners in development and in response to disasters. We persuade decision-makers to act at all times in the interests of vulnerable people. The result: we enable healthy and safe communities, reduce vulnerabilities, strengthen resilience and foster a culture of peace around the world. International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies © International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent P.O. Box 303 Societies, Asia Pacific Regional Office, Kuala Lumpur, 2020 CH-1211 Geneva 19, Switzerland Telephone: +41 22 730 4222 Any part of this publication may be cited, copied, translated Telefax: +41 22 733 0395 into other languages or adapted to meet local needs without E-mail: [email protected] prior permission from the International Federation of Red Cross Website: www.ifrc.org and Red Crescent Societies, provided that the source is clearly stated. -
Preliminary Synopsis of Oral History Interviews at Rawaki Village And
Preliminary Synopsis of Oral History Interviews at Rawaki Village and Nikumaroro Village Solomon Islands by The International Group for Historic Aircraft Recovery (TIGHAR) November 26, 2011 Nikumaroro Village Preliminary Synopsis of Oral History Interviews, Solomon Islands 2011 From August 20-30, 2011, John Clauss, Nancy Farrell, Karl Kern, Baoro Laxton Koraua and Gary F. Quigg, of The International Group for Historic Aircraft Recovery (TIGHAR) conducted a research expedition in the Solomon Islands consisting of oral history interviews with former residents of Nikumaroro Island (Kiribati) as well as a thorough examination of relevant archival materials in the Solomon Islands National Archives. This preliminary synopsis provides an initial overview of the research conducted by TIGHAR as a part of further testing the Earhart Project’s Nikumaroro Hypothesis. A more detailed report will follow, when the audio and video recordings have been completely transcribed and analyzed. Procedures Upon arrival in Honiara (Guadalcanal), Clauss, Farrell, Kern and Quigg were met by Koraua at the airport. Mr. Koraua is a resident of Honiara and the son of Paul Laxton. Mr. Laxton, who served as Assistant Lands Commissioner for the Gilbert and Ellice Islands Colony, was the British Colonial Service officer in charge of the settlement on Gardner Island (Nikumaroro Island) for several years following World War II. Born on Nikumaroro Island in 1960, Mr. Koraua was relocated to the Solomon Islands along with the entire population of the Nikumaroro Island colony in 1963. Mr. Koraua was crucial to the success of the expedition, acting as interpreter, logistics coordinator, ambassador and gracious host. Further, Mr. Koraua provided for our transportation between the outer islands of Kohinggo and Vaghena aboard his boat, the M/V Temauri. -
Online Climate Outlook Forum (OCOF) No. 97 TABLE 1
Pacific Islands - Online Climate Outlook Forum (OCOF) No. 97 Country Name: Kiribati TABLE 1: Monthly Rainfall Station (include data period) September 2015 July August Total 33%tile 67%tile Median Ranking 2015 2015 Rainfall Rainfall Rainfall (mm) Total Total (mm) (mm) Kanton 224 165.8 - 20.1 51.5 40.0 - Kiritimati 417.3 171.7 124.9 4.0 15.4 8.0 81 Tarawa 171.9 233.1 358.5 55.1 142.8 84.3 64 Butaritari 87.8 176.7 178.6 113.3 177.3 136 52 Beru 135.8 - - 28.1 68.0 43.3 - TABLE 2: Three-monthly Rainfall July to September 2015 [Please note that the data used in this verification should be sourced from table 3 of OCOF #93] Station Three-month 33%tile 67%tile Median Ranking Forecast probs.* Verification * Total Rainfall Rainfall Rainfall (include LEPS) (Consistent, (mm) (mm) (mm) Near- consistent Inconsistent? Kanton - 138.2 219.0 170.9 - 17/ 43 /40 (0.7) - Kiritimati 713.9 42.6 101.3 72.1 88/88 26/29/ 45 (-0.1) Consistent Tarawa 763.5 195.8 543.6 335.0 56/66 6/14/ 80 (19.7) Consistent Butaritari 443.1 506.3 743.0 634.0 16/73 5/35/ 60 (13.5) Inconsistent Beru - 130.7 292.5 173.5 - 3/13/ 84 (23.8) - Period:* below normal /normal /above normal Predictors and Period used for July to September 2015 Outlooks (refer to OCOF #93): Nino 3.4 SST Anomalies extended (2mths) * Forecast is consistent when observed and predicted (tercile with the highest probability) categories coincide (are in the same tercile). -
Kiribati Fourth National Report to the Convention on Biological Diversity
KIRIBATI FOURTH NATIONAL REPORT TO THE CONVENTION ON BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY Aranuka Island (Gilbert Group) Picture by: Raitiata Cati Prepared by: Environment and Conservation Division - MELAD 20 th September 2010 1 Contents Acknowledgement ........................................................................................................................................... 4 Acronyms ......................................................................................................................................................... 5 Executive Summary .......................................................................................................................................... 6 Chapter 1: OVERVIEW OF BIODIVERSITY, STATUS, TRENDS AND THREATS .................................................... 8 1.1 Geography and geological setting of Kiribati ......................................................................................... 8 1.2 Climate ................................................................................................................................................... 9 1.3 Status of Biodiversity ........................................................................................................................... 10 1.3.1 Soil ................................................................................................................................................. 12 1.3.2 Water Resources .......................................................................................................................... -
Participatory Diagnosis of Coastal Fisheries for North Tarawa And
Photo credit: Front cover, Aurélie Delisle/ANCORS Aurélie cover, Front credit: Photo Participatory diagnosis of coastal fisheries for North Tarawa and Butaritari island communities in the Republic of Kiribati Participatory diagnosis of coastal fisheries for North Tarawa and Butaritari island communities in the Republic of Kiribati Authors Aurélie Delisle, Ben Namakin, Tarateiti Uriam, Brooke Campbell and Quentin Hanich Citation This publication should be cited as: Delisle A, Namakin B, Uriam T, Campbell B and Hanich Q. 2016. Participatory diagnosis of coastal fisheries for North Tarawa and Butaritari island communities in the Republic of Kiribati. Penang, Malaysia: WorldFish. Program Report: 2016-24. Acknowledgments We would like to thank the financial contribution of the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research through project FIS/2012/074. We would also like to thank the staff from the Secretariat of the Pacific Community and WorldFish for their support. A special thank you goes out to staff of the Kiribati’s Ministry of Fisheries and Marine Resources Development, Ministry of Internal Affairs, Ministry of Environment, Land and Agricultural Development and to members of the five pilot Community-Based Fisheries Management (CBFM) communities in Kiribati. 2 Contents Executive summary 4 Introduction 5 Methods 9 Diagnosis 12 Summary and entry points for CBFM 36 Notes 38 References 39 Appendices 42 3 Executive summary In support of the Kiribati National Fisheries Policy 2013–2025, the ACIAR project FIS/2012/074 Improving Community-Based -
Mapping the Information Environment in the Pacific Island Countries: Disruptors, Deficits, and Decisions
December 2019 Mapping the Information Environment in the Pacific Island Countries: Disruptors, Deficits, and Decisions Lauren Dickey, Erica Downs, Andrew Taffer, and Heidi Holz with Drew Thompson, S. Bilal Hyder, Ryan Loomis, and Anthony Miller Maps and graphics created by Sue N. Mercer, Sharay Bennett, and Michele Deisbeck Approved for Public Release: distribution unlimited. IRM-2019-U-019755-Final Abstract This report provides a general map of the information environment of the Pacific Island Countries (PICs). The focus of the report is on the information environment—that is, the aggregate of individuals, organizations, and systems that shape public opinion through the dissemination of news and information—in the PICs. In this report, we provide a current understanding of how these countries and their respective populaces consume information. We map the general characteristics of the information environment in the region, highlighting trends that make the dissemination and consumption of information in the PICs particularly dynamic. We identify three factors that contribute to the dynamism of the regional information environment: disruptors, deficits, and domestic decisions. Collectively, these factors also create new opportunities for foreign actors to influence or shape the domestic information space in the PICs. This report concludes with recommendations for traditional partners and the PICs to support the positive evolution of the information environment. This document contains the best opinion of CNA at the time of issue. It does not necessarily represent the opinion of the sponsor or client. Distribution Approved for public release: distribution unlimited. 12/10/2019 Cooperative Agreement/Grant Award Number: SGECPD18CA0027. This project has been supported by funding from the U.S. -
Kiribati from the Least Developed Country Category
Department of Economic and Social Affairs Secretariat of the Committee for Development Policy Ex-ante impact assessment of likely consequences of graduation of the Republic of Kiribati from the least developed country category United Nations, New York, October 2008 1 Impact assessment: Kiribati Table of contents Impact Assessment: Kiribati........................................................................................................... 3 Summary........................................................................................................................................ 3 1. Background ............................................................................................................................... 3 2. Methodology .............................................................................................................................. 4 3. Special support measures due to LDC status......................................................................... 6 3.1. World Trade Organization related benefits.................................................................... 6 3.2. LDC status and preferential market access..................................................................... 7 3.2.1. Main products and markets....................................................................................... 7 3.3. Support measures related to capacity building in trade .............................................. 14 3.4. Official Development Assistance ....................................................................................... -
PAPUA NEW GUINEA and SOLOMON ISLANDS - 6HYHUH6HD6ZHOO)ORRGV $IIHFWHG$UHDV5HSRUWHGDVRI'HFHPEHUY
PAPUA NEW GUINEA and SOLOMON ISLANDS - 6HYHUH6HD6ZHOO)ORRGV $IIHFWHG$UHDV5HSRUWHGDVRI'HFHPEHUY Legend 7LGHVKDYHDIIHFWHGQXPHURXVLVODQGV RIIWKHQRUWKFRDVWRI0DQXVLQFOXGLQJ $IIHFWHGORFDWLRQ 3RQDP3LW\OXK$ KXV$QGUDDQG%LSL 1DWLRQDOFDSLWDO 0DMRUWRZQ 7KHFRDVWOLQHEHWZHQ )ORRGLQJGDPDJHDURXQG 0RVWKHDYLO\DIIHFWHG .DYLHQJDQG1DPDWDQDL $IIHFWHG :HZDNWRZQDORQJWKH LQ1HZ,UHODQG3URYLQFH EmirauTench ,QWHUQDWLRQDOERXQGDU\ (DVW6HSLNFRDVWDQG0XULN PonamPityluh 3URYLQFHERXQGDU\ ,VODQGVLQWKH6HSLNULYHU $WROOFRPPXQLWLHVLQFOXGLQJ Kavieng 0$186 7DVPDQ0RUWORFN1XJXULD 7KLVPDSVKRZVUHJLRQV Konos DQGWKH&DUWHUHWV DQGVSHFLILFORFDWLRQV Kimadan DIIHFWHGE\VHYHUHVHD :(67 Wewak P D U 1(:,5(/$1' L V F N Namatanai VZHOOVLQ3DSXD1HZ 6(3,. % 6 H D Tasman *XLQHDDQGWKH6RORPRQ ($67 ,VODQGVDVRI'HFHPEHU 6(3,. ($671(: Mortlock %5,7$,1 Nuguria 0$'$1* Madang Pelau %XNDFRDVW 3OHDVHUHIHUWRWKHODWHVW (1*$ :(67(51 :(671(: +,*+/$1'6 2&+$6LW5HSIRUPRUH %5,7$,1 Luaniua GHWDLOHGLQIRUPDWLRQRQ 0252%( $8721202865(*,21 6287+(51 &+,0%8 2)%28*$,19,//( +,*+/$1'6 ($67(51 +,*+/$1'6 Lae SOLOMON Map Doc Name: 6 R 2&+$B31*B.LQJB)ORRGVBYB O R P R GLIDE Number: )/ *8/) Q 6 H D ISLANDS Creation Date: 'HF PAPUA NEW GUINEA Projection/Datum: *HRJUDSKLF:*6 :(67(51 Web Resources: KWWSRFKDRQOLQHXQRUJURDS Nominal Scale at A4 paper size: Popondetta 3HODXDQG/XDQLXDRQ2QWRQJ NPV -DYDDWROOLQWKH6RORPRQ,VODQGV &(175$/ Map data source(s): *$8/31*1DWLRQDO6WDWLVWLFDO2IILFH 162 *(%&2 252 0LOQH%D\ 8QLWHG1DWLRQV&DUWRJUDSKLF8QLW Port Moresby Disclaimers: 0,/1(%$< Honiara 7KH GHVLJQDWLRQV HPSOR\HG DQG WKH SUHVHQWDWLRQ RI PDWHULDORQWKLVPDSGRQRWLPSO\WKHH[SUHVVLRQRIDQ\ -
Occurrence of the Longtailed Cuckoo Eudynamis Taitensis on Caroline Atoll, Kiribati DAVIDH
SHORT COMMUNICATIONS Occurrence of the Longtailed Cuckoo Eudynamis taitensis on Caroline Atoll, Kiribati DAVIDH. ELL IS^, CAMERONB. KEPLER~, ANGELAKAY KEPLER~& KATINO TEEBAKI~ US. Fish and WiIdhye Service, Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Laurel, MD 20708 US.A Banana, Christmas Island Kiribati Emu 90,202 Received 8 March 1990, accepted 29 August 1990 The Long-tailed Cuckoo Eudynamis taitensis performs sized land bird for about 20 min on 27 September. what is perhaps the most remarkable overwater migration of any land bird (Lack 1959). It breeds in New Zealand These records establish the Long-tailed Cuckoo at least and is known to winter in the islands of the Central Pacific as a winter straggler to the Line Islands. Since our visit, we Ocean, with stragglers seen as far away as Palau to the learned from corresponding with the atoll's only human west and Pitcairn Island to the east (Bogert 1937). Al- inhabitants, the Ronald Falconer family, that an individual though the Line Islands are along the perimeter of this Long-tailed cuckoo was occasionally seen in 1989 near range, the Long-tailed Cuckoo has never been reported for their dwelling on the southem-most channel islet. Our the Line or Phoenix Islands (Pratt et al. 1987). In 1883, observations at five widely scattered locations (the most when Dixon (1884) visited Caroline Atoll (lOOS,150°W) distant observations were at least 9 km apart) suggest that at the south-eastem end of the Line Islands, he reported several individuals were present on the atoll during our that a colleague had heard 'the notes of a singing bird' but visit. -
Kiribati Country Report to the Conference of Parties (COP) of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)
REPUBLIC OF KIRIBATI Kiribati Country Report to The Conference of Parties (COP) of The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) 2007 Prepared by Environment and Conservation Division Ministry of Environment, Lands and Agricultural Development Foreword By the Minister of Environment, Lands and Agricultural Development It is with considerable pleasure that I forward this document to the Conference of the Parties and the United Nations Development Programme. The document represents an important step in the desire of the Republic of Kiribati to protect the biodiversity and promote the sustainable utilization of the marine and terrestrial resources of Kiribati. I feel this is an appropriate approach to take towards biodiversity conservation in Kiribati. Conservation of biological diversity and the environment has been part of the life of the I-Kiribati ever since the first settlement of the Kiribati atolls. The new international concept of biodiversity conservation has highlighted the increasing degree of human influence on nature. Most of the damage is caused by the increasing demand for consumed goods and energy which is exacerbated by Kiribati’s rapid increase in population. Conservation is for the people and should be implemented by the people. Community consultations and participatory efforts of local communities have provided invaluable contributions to the formulation of this document. The multi-sectoral composition of the members of the Steering Committee and Planning team, and the collaborative efforts between stakeholders, both public and private, indicates a widespread belief of responsibility towards the conservation of biodiversity. The involvement of other Government departments and ministries, together with other environmental programs such as the National Biosafety Framework (NBF), Persistant Organic Pollutants (POPs), International Waters Project Kiribati (IWPK) and National Adaptation Plan of Action (NAPA) have enriched the scope of the project in all directions. -
Kiritimati and Malden, Kiribati, Nuclear Weapons Test Sites
Kiritimati and Malden, Kiribati, Nuclear weapons test sites A total of 33 nuclear detonations were conducted on two atolls of the Republic of Kiribati by the UK and the U.S. in the 1950s and 1960s. Thousands of islanders and servicemen were subjected to radioactive fallout and now su er from radiation e ects. History The Pacifi c atoll of Kiritimati (formerly the British colo- ny “Christmas Island”), served during WWII as a stop- over for the U.S. Air Force on its way to Japan. After the war, the United Kingdom used the atolls for its fi rst series of fi ssion bomb explosions. Due to agree- ments made with the Australian government, these servicemen and the indigenous population were free explosions could not be conducted at the British nu- to move around the island, consuming local water and clear testing site at Maralinga. On May 15, 1957, the fruits, bathing in contaminated lagoons and breathing fi rst British hydrogen bomb, code-named “Operation in radioactive dust.1 Grapple,” was exploded off the coast of Malden, fol- In 2006, 300 former Christmas Island residents sub- lowed by another a month later, neither of which yield- mitted a petition to the European Parliament, accus- ed the explosive power that was expected. The tests ing the UK of knowingly exposing them to radioactive reached a maximum yield of 720 kilotons, equivalent fallout despite knowing of the dangers. Declassifi ed to more than 50 times the power of the bomb that was government documents from the time warned that ra- dropped on Hiroshima.