GEOMORPHIC ASPECT of HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING Dr
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The Fluvial Geochemistry of the Rivers of Eastern Siberia: I. Tributaries Of
Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 62, No. 10, pp. 1657–1676, 1998 Copyright © 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd Pergamon Printed in the USA. All rights reserved 0016-7037/98 $19.00 1 .00 PII S0016-7037(98)00107-0 The fluvial geochemistry of the rivers of Eastern Siberia: I. Tributaries of the Lena River draining the sedimentary platform of the Siberian Craton 1, 1 2 1 YOUNGSOOK HUH, *MAI-YIN TSOI, ALEXANDR ZAITSEV, and JOHN M. EDMONd 1Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA 2Laboratory of Erosion and Fluvial Processes, Department of Geography, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia (Received June 11, 1997; accepted in revised form February 12, 1998) ABSTRACT—The response of continental weathering rates to changing climate and atmospheric PCO2 is of considerable importance both to the interpretation of the geological sedimentary record and to predictions of the effects of future anthropogenic influences. While comprehensive work on the controlling mechanisms of contemporary chemical and mechanical weathering has been carried out in the tropics and, to a lesser extent, in the strongly perturbed northern temperate latitudes, very little is known about the peri-glacial environments in the subarctic and arctic. Thus, the effects of climate, essentially temperature and runoff, on the rates of atmospheric CO2 consumption by weathering are not well quantified at this climatic extreme. To remedy this lack a comprehensive survey has been carried out of the geochemistry of the large rivers of Eastern Siberia, the Lena, Yana, Indigirka, Kolyma, Anadyr, and numerous lesser streams which drain a pristine, high-latitude region that has not experienced the pervasive effects of glaciation and subsequent anthropogenic impacts common to western Eurasia and North America. -
Debris Flow Hazards for Mountain Regions of Russia: Regional Features
Nat Hazards (2017) 88:S199–S235 DOI 10.1007/s11069-017-2841-3 ORIGINAL PAPER Debris flow hazards for mountain regions of Russia: regional features and key events 1 1 1 Veniamin Perov • Sergey Chernomorets • Olga Budarina • 1 1 Elena Savernyuk • Tatiana Leontyeva Received: 10 December 2016 / Accepted: 21 March 2017 / Published online: 29 March 2017 Ó Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2017 Abstract The total area of debris flow territories of the Russian Federation accounts for about 10% of the area of the country. The highest debris flow activity areas located in Kamchatka-Kuril, North Caucasus and Baikal debris flow provinces. The largest debris flow events connected with volcano eruptions. Maximum volume of debris flow deposits per one event reached 500 9 106 m3 (lahar formed during the eruption of Bezymyanny volcano in Kamchatka in 1956). In the mountains of the Greater Caucasus, the maximum volume of transported debris material reached 3 9 106 m3; the largest debris flows here had glacial reasons. In the Baikal debris flow province, the highest debris flow activity located in the ridges of the Baikal rift zone (the East Sayan Mountains, the Khamar-Daban Ridge and the ridges of the Stanovoye Highland). Spatial features of debris flow processes within the territory of Russia are analyzed, and the map of Debris Flow Hazard in Russia is presented. We classified the debris flow hazard areas into 2 zones, 6 regions and 15 provinces. Warm and cold zones are distinguished. The warm zone covers mountainous areas within the southern part of Russia with temperate climate; rain-induced debris flows are predominant there. -
Mitochondrial Genome Diversity in the Central Siberian Plateau with Particular
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/656181; this version posted May 31, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. Mitochondrial Genome Diversity in the Central Siberian Plateau with Particular Reference to Prehistory of Northernmost Eurasia S. V. Dryomov*,1, A. M. Nazhmidenova*,1, E. B. Starikovskaya*,1, S. A. Shalaurova1, N. Rohland2, S. Mallick2,3,4, R. Bernardos2, A. P. Derevianko5, D. Reich2,3,4, R. I. Sukernik1. 1 Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, SBRAS, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation 2 Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA 3 Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA 4 Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA 5 Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, SBRAS, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation Corresponding author: Rem Sukernik ([email protected]) * These authors contributed equally to this work. bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/656181; this version posted May 31, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. Abstract The Central Siberian Plateau was last geographic area in Eurasia to become habitable by modern humans after the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). -
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Faculty of Electrical Engineering Department of Economics, Management and Humanities Hybrid electric supply system for Baikalskoe village Study program: Electrical engineering, power engineering and management Field of study: Economics and management of power engineering Scientific adviser: Sherzod Tashpulatov, Ph.D. Aleksei Pliusnin Prague 2017 2 Declaration: I hereby declare that this master’s thesis is the product of my own independent work and that I have clearly stated all information sources used in the thesis according to Methodological Instruction No. 1/2009 – “On maintaining ethical principles when working on a university final project, CTU in Prague. Date Signature 3 Abstract At present time a conventional solution for electricity supply is to set up an overhead transmission line from the nearest substation. Baikalskoe village is connected to centralized electricity grid via single- circuit transmission line with length of more than 35 km and nominal voltage of 10 kV. However, in order to avoid high power and voltage losses which do affect quality of electricity supplied, recommended voltage class for such a length should be at least 35 kV. To follow the conventional solution it is necessary to switch to a higher voltage power line. Considering the fact that there are two main types of line supports, it falls into alternatives with application of either steel or reinforced concrete poles. There are some exceptions which require nonconventional solutions like a construction of a hybrid electric power supply system which. In this particular case such a system should combine centralized power supply with local generation based on renewables. In this work, the conventional and nonconventional solutions for electricity supply in Baikalskoe village are compared. -
Geoima.Com Physical Geography and Mineral Resources of Russia
geoima.com Physical Geography and Mineral Resources of Russia INTRODUCTION:-- Russia is the largest country in the world by area (twice the size of Canada). It has coastlines along the Baltic, Black, Caspian, and Pacific. It stretches 9650 km east to west and 4500 km north to south. The chief regions of Russia and their physical features are briefly discussed below. The European Plain: This is part of the Great European Plains. It is on top of the Russian Platform and its southern edge terminates in the Caucasus Mountains and the Caspian Sea lowlands. Its average height is about 180 meters above the mean sea level_ The European.Plains are drained by Volga, N_Dvina,-the Pechora and other rivers_ It includes the lakes of Onega and Ladoga in the northwest The Volga basin and Pechora basin within the region are rich in oil and gas. The Ural Mountains: These stretch for 2400 Kms and are part of the Hercynian folds. The Urals extend from Arctic Circle to Kazakhstan. Mt. Narodnaya is the highest peak. The Urals region is mineral-rich and is heavily industrialized with large industrial cities like Chelyabinsk and YeTaierinberg. The Urals are an Asia-Europe Divide. The West SiberianPlain: This is part of the Siberian Plateau (a Volcanic Plateau). The average elevation of the plain is 150 meters above the Mean Sea Level. It is the largest level tract of land in Russia. I l as fertile glacial soils in the north_ It is drained by river Ob and its tributary Irtysh. It is very rich in natural gas. -
APN-Funded Projects ARCP
Annual Report 2009/2010 Published in December 2010 © Asia‐Pacific Network for Global Change Research The APN Secretariat East Building 4F, 1‐5‐2 Wakinohama Kaigan Dori, Chuo‐ku, Kobe 651‐0073 JAPAN TEL: +81 78 230 8017 FAX: +81 78 230 8018 Email: info@apn‐gcr.org Website: http://www.apn‐gcr.org Contents Message from the Director 1 Vision and Mission 3 Goals and Core Strategies 4 Highlights of 2009/2010 5 Project Management 5 Calls for Proposals 6 Synthesis Activity 7 Sub‐Regional Cooperation 8 Science‐Policy 10 Contributions to the International Year of Biodiversity (IYB) 10 Interaction with Science‐Policy Bodies 12 Communications and Outreach 15 Publications 15 Website and EML 20 Activities Co‐organised with Key Organisations 22 Representation at National/International Events 25 Partnerships 30 Strengthening APN Institutional Mechanisms 32 APN‐Funded Projects 35 ARCP 35 CAPaBLE 48 SCBCIA 74 New Publications from APN Completed Projects 77 Young Scientists’ Section 79 People in the APN 86 Financial Resources 91 Member Countries 94 Sponsors 95 Partner Organisations 96 Next Steps 99 Acronyms 101 Message from the Director It is my honour to present to you the first Annual Report of the APN’s third strategic phase. This report highlights the major activities of the network including non‐technical summaries of APN‐funded projects in the Asia‐Pacific region carried out and completed in 2009/2010. APN supported and managed 40 projects under the Annual Regional Call for Research Proposals (ARCP) and Scientific Capacity Building/Enhancement for Sustainable Development in Developing Countries (CAPaBLE) Programmes. The Annual Calls for Proposals were launched in May 2009 following the launch of a Special Call for Proposals for a Focussed Activities in the area of Climate Impact and Vulnerability Assessments under the CAPaBLE Programme in April 2009. -
The Functioning of Erosion-Channel Systems of the River Basins of the South of Eastern Siberia
geosciences Article The Functioning of Erosion-channel Systems of the River Basins of the South of Eastern Siberia Olga I. Bazhenova 1,*, Aleksandr V. Bardash 1, Stanislav A. Makarov 1, Marina Yu. Opekunova 1, Sergei A. Tukhta 1 and Elizaveta M. Tyumentseva 2 1 V.B. Sochava Institute of Geography SB RAS, Irkutsk 664033, Russia; [email protected] (A.V.B.); [email protected] (S.A.M.); [email protected] (M.Y.O.); [email protected] (S.A.T.) 2 Geographical Department, Pedagogical Institute of Irkutsk State University, Irkutsk 664033, Russia; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +7-3952426920 Received: 23 March 2020; Accepted: 6 May 2020; Published: 11 May 2020 Abstract: We revealed the regional features of the functioning of the erosion-channel systems of the Angara, Upper Lena, Selenga, and Upper Amur basins in the south of Eastern Siberia and examined the action of sloping non-channel, temporary, and permanent channel water flows, and presented the patterns of the spatial distribution of soil and gully erosion belts. The development conditions and factors of fluvial processes are considered and the role of cryogenic processes in the increasing activity of water flows is emphasized. The interdecadal dynamic cycles of the erosion-accumulative processes are revealed. A quantitative assessment of soil loss from erosion on agricultural land in the forest-steppe basins was carried out. We made an assessment of the plane deformation of the upper course of the Lena river (Siberian platform) and Irkut (Baikal rift zone and the Irkutsk-Cheremkhovo plain) using cartographic sources of different times, aerial photographs, and satellite imagery. -
Geo-Data: the World Geographical Encyclopedia
Geodata.book Page iv Tuesday, October 15, 2002 8:25 AM GEO-DATA: THE WORLD GEOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA Project Editor Imaging and Multimedia Manufacturing John F. McCoy Randy Bassett, Christine O'Bryan, Barbara J. Nekita McKee Yarrow Editorial Mary Rose Bonk, Pamela A. Dear, Rachel J. Project Design Kain, Lynn U. Koch, Michael D. Lesniak, Nancy Cindy Baldwin, Tracey Rowens Matuszak, Michael T. Reade © 2002 by Gale. Gale is an imprint of The Gale For permission to use material from this prod- Since this page cannot legibly accommodate Group, Inc., a division of Thomson Learning, uct, submit your request via Web at http:// all copyright notices, the acknowledgements Inc. www.gale-edit.com/permissions, or you may constitute an extension of this copyright download our Permissions Request form and notice. Gale and Design™ and Thomson Learning™ submit your request by fax or mail to: are trademarks used herein under license. While every effort has been made to ensure Permissions Department the reliability of the information presented in For more information contact The Gale Group, Inc. this publication, The Gale Group, Inc. does The Gale Group, Inc. 27500 Drake Rd. not guarantee the accuracy of the data con- 27500 Drake Rd. Farmington Hills, MI 48331–3535 tained herein. The Gale Group, Inc. accepts no Farmington Hills, MI 48331–3535 Permissions Hotline: payment for listing; and inclusion in the pub- Or you can visit our Internet site at 248–699–8006 or 800–877–4253; ext. 8006 lication of any organization, agency, institu- http://www.gale.com Fax: 248–699–8074 or 800–762–4058 tion, publication, service, or individual does not imply endorsement of the editors or pub- ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Cover photographs reproduced by permission No part of this work covered by the copyright lisher. -
From Southeast Asia Received: 26 April 2018 Ivan N
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN A new genus and tribe of freshwater mussel (Unionidae) from Southeast Asia Received: 26 April 2018 Ivan N. Bolotov 1,2, John M. Pfeifer3, Ekaterina S. Konopleva1,2, Ilya V. Vikhrev1,2, Accepted: 21 June 2018 Alexander V. Kondakov1,2, Olga V. Aksenova1,2, Mikhail Yu. Gofarov1,2, Published: xx xx xxxx Sakboworn Tumpeesuwan4 & Than Win 5 The freshwater mussel genus Oxynaia Haas, 1911 is thought to be comprised of two geographically disjunct and morphologically variable species groups but the monophyly of this taxon has yet to be tested in any modern cladistic sense. This generic hypothesis has important systematic and biogeographic implications as Oxynaia is the type genus of the currently recognized tribe Oxynaiini (Parreysiinae) and is one of the few genera thought to cross several biogeographically important barriers in Southeast Asia. Morphological and molecular data clearly demonstrate that Oxynaia is not monophyletic, and the type species and its allies (O. jourdyi group) belong to the Unioninae, and more specifcally as members of the genus Nodularia Conrad, 1853. Therefore, neither Oxynaia syn. nov. nor Oxynaiini Starobogatov, 1970 are applicable to the Parreysiinae and in the absence of an available name, Indochinella gen. nov. and Indochinellini trib. nov. are described. Several combinations are proposed as follows: Indochinella pugio (Benson, 1862) gen. et comb. nov., Nodularia jourdyi (Morlet, 1886) comb. res., N. gladiator (Ancey, 1881) comb. res., N. diespiter (Mabille, 1887) comb. res. and N. micheloti (Morlet, 1886) comb. res. Finally, we provide an updated freshwater biogeographic division of Southeast Asia. Integrative taxonomic studies are of substantial practical importance to conservation stakeholders as accurate information on the systematics and distributions of biodiversity forms the foundation of taxon- and habitat-based conservation eforts. -
European Settlements in the Far East; China, Japan, Corea, Indo-China
ETUEMENT FAf^ ^Asr ''l»H^,_iK.:,5fP'*i«i'^,iiSr- Beta ISorit iDtatt CoIIesc of l^griculture St Cornell HBnthersitp 3tbaca, B. £. Cornell University Library JV 241.S6 European settlements in the Far East; Chi 3 1924 014 072 791 Cornell University Library The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924014072791 EUROPEAN SETTLEMENTS IN THE FAR EAST European Settlements IN THE Far East CHINA, JAPAN, COREA, INDO-CHINA, STRAITS SETTLEMENTS, MALAY STATES, SIAM, NETHERLANDS INDIA, BORNEO, THE PHILIPPINES, ETC. WITH MAP AND ILLUSTRATIONS LONDON SAMPSON LOW, MARSTON & COMPANY LIMITED Sit. SBunfitan'jfi Igoufie Fetter Lane, Fleet Street, E.C. 1900 LONDON: FBIKTED BY WILLIAM CLOWES AND SONS, LISOTED, STAUFOKD STREET AND CHABIKG CB068. " PREFATORY NOTE The frequent occurrence in the Press, on both sides of the Atlantic, of the phrases " Spheres of Influence and " The Open Door ; " the great prominence given to the Far East, both politically and commercially, and the important part it seems destined to play in European politics in the near future, lead the com- piler to believe that this brief account of the European Settlements in the Far East will not be without interest to the political student, the merchant, and the public generally. It is also hoped that it will be of value to the ever- increasing army of travellers as a guide-book to many places which, although they lie out of the ordinary route, will well repay a visit. -
Trends of Runoff Variation and Effects of Main Causal Factors in Mun
water Article Trends of Runoff Variation and Effects of Main Causal Factors in Mun River, Thailand During 1980–2018 Renzhi Li 1,2 , Heqing Huang 1,2,* , Guoan Yu 1,* , Hong Yu 3, Arika Bridhikitti 4 and Teng Su 1 1 Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; [email protected] (R.L.); [email protected] (T.S.) 2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China 3 Twenty First Century Aerospace Technology Co. Ltd., Beijing 100096, China; [email protected] 4 Environmental Engineering and Disaster Management Program, School of Interdisciplinary Studies, Mahidol University, Kanchanaburi Campus, Kanchanaburi 71150, Thailand; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] (H.H.); [email protected] (G.Y.); Tel.: +86-10-6488-0272 (G.Y.) Received: 5 February 2020; Accepted: 12 March 2020; Published: 15 March 2020 Abstract: Mun River is the largest tributary of the Mekong River in Thailand and provides abundant water resources not only for an important agricultural area in Thailand but also for the lower Mekong River. To understand how the runoff of Mun River responds to climate change and human activities in recent decades, this study performed a detailed examination of the characteristics of runoff variation based on measurements at two hydrological gauging stations on the main stem of Mun River during 1980–2018. Using the Mann-Kendall test, Morlet wavelet transform and Double Cumulative Curve methods, this study identifies that the variation of annual runoff of Mun River encountered an abruption in 1999/2000, with an increased trend taking place since then. -
A Transformative Partnership to Conserve Water
A Transformative Partnership to Conserve Water Annual Review 2012 Thinkstock “We set out with an ambitious goal to help conserve the world’s fresh water. We’ve made great progress, but we know we have more work to do. Faced with increasing pressures from climate change and a growing global population, partnerships are more important now than ever before to help protect this vital resource that sustains all our lives.” —Suzanne Apple Vice President, Business & Industry WWF Sunset in Vietnam © Edward Parker / WWF-Canon A Transformative Partnership to Conserve Water Annual Review 2012 Water is a fundamental necessity—a prerequisite for human health and well-being and essential to conserving nature. However, freshwater systems are under threat as rising populations and climate change put increased pressure on this vital resource. To maintain healthy ecosystems, viable com- munities and sustainable economies, we must all work together—partnering toward solutions for this shared global challenge. Water is critical to both The Coca-Cola Company and World Wildlife Fund (WWF), which is why we have worked together for more than five years to help conserve and protect the world’s fresh water, as well as to address the challenges that affect water, including climate change and unsustain- able agriculture. Throughout 2012, our partnership continued to achieve notable successes in our five areas of focus. This report summarizes our accomplishments over the last year to: • Conserve seven of the world’s most important freshwater basins • Improve water efficiency within the Company’s operations • Reduce the Company’s carbon emissions • Promote sustainable agriculture • Inspire a global movement to conserve water Because fresh water continues to be of critical importance to our partnership and to the ecosystems, communities, and economies that depend on water, we have committed to continuing our trans- formational work through 2020—extending our reach and influence, building on our progress, and engaging new allies to achieve even greater impact.