Wayeb Notes No. 37
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
With the Protection of the Gods: an Interpretation of the Protector Figure in Classic Maya Iconography
University of Central Florida STARS Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019 2012 With The Protection Of The Gods: An Interpretation Of The Protector Figure In Classic Maya Iconography Tiffany M. Lindley University of Central Florida Part of the Anthropology Commons Find similar works at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd University of Central Florida Libraries http://library.ucf.edu This Masters Thesis (Open Access) is brought to you for free and open access by STARS. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019 by an authorized administrator of STARS. For more information, please contact [email protected]. STARS Citation Lindley, Tiffany M., "With The Protection Of The Gods: An Interpretation Of The Protector Figure In Classic Maya Iconography" (2012). Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019. 2148. https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd/2148 WITH THE PROTECTION OF THE GODS: AN INTERPRETATION OF THE PROTECTOR FIGURE IN CLASSIC MAYA ICONOGRAPHY by TIFFANY M. LINDLEY B.A. University of Alabama, 2009 A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the Department of Anthropology in the College of Sciences at the University of Central Florida Orlando, Florida Spring Term 2012 © 2012 Tiffany M. Lindley ii ABSTRACT Iconography encapsulates the cultural knowledge of a civilization. The ancient Maya of Mesoamerica utilized iconography to express ideological beliefs, as well as political events and histories. An ideology heavily based on the presence of an Otherworld is visible in elaborate Maya iconography. Motifs and themes can be manipulated to convey different meanings based on context. -
The Toltec Invasion and Chichen Itza
Other titles of interest published by Thames & Hudson include: Breaking the Maya Code Mexico: From the Olmecs to the Aztecs Angkor and the Khmer Civilization India: A Short History The Incas The Aztecs See our websites www.thamesandhudson.com www.thamesandhudsonusa.com 7 THE POSTCLASSIC By the close of the tenth century AD the destiny of the once proud and independent Maya had, at least in northern Yucatan, fallen into the hands of grim warriors from the highlands of central Mexico, where a new order of men had replaced the supposedly more intellectual rulers of Classic times. We know a good deal about the events that led to the conquest of Yucatan by these foreigners, and the subsequent replacement of their state by a resurgent but already decadent Maya culture, for we have entered into a kind of history, albeit far more shaky than that which was recorded on the monuments of the Classic Period. The traditional annals of the peoples of Yucatan, and also of the Guatemalan highlanders, transcribed into Spanish letters early in Colonial times, apparently reach back as far as the beginning of the Postclassic era and are very important sources. But such annals should be used with much caution, whether they come to us from Bishop Landa himself, from statements made by the native nobility, or from native lawsuits and land claims. These are often confused and often self-contradictory, not least because native lineages seem to have deliberately falsified their own histories for political reasons. Our richest (and most treacherous) sources are the K’atun Prophecies of Yucatan, contained in the “Books of Chilam Balam,” which derive their name from a Maya savant said to have predicted the arrival of the Spaniards from the east. -
Bibliography
Bibliography Many books were read and researched in the compilation of Binford, L. R, 1983, Working at Archaeology. Academic Press, The Encyclopedic Dictionary of Archaeology: New York. Binford, L. R, and Binford, S. R (eds.), 1968, New Perspectives in American Museum of Natural History, 1993, The First Humans. Archaeology. Aldine, Chicago. HarperSanFrancisco, San Francisco. Braidwood, R 1.,1960, Archaeologists and What They Do. Franklin American Museum of Natural History, 1993, People of the Stone Watts, New York. Age. HarperSanFrancisco, San Francisco. Branigan, Keith (ed.), 1982, The Atlas ofArchaeology. St. Martin's, American Museum of Natural History, 1994, New World and Pacific New York. Civilizations. HarperSanFrancisco, San Francisco. Bray, w., and Tump, D., 1972, Penguin Dictionary ofArchaeology. American Museum of Natural History, 1994, Old World Civiliza Penguin, New York. tions. HarperSanFrancisco, San Francisco. Brennan, L., 1973, Beginner's Guide to Archaeology. Stackpole Ashmore, w., and Sharer, R. J., 1988, Discovering Our Past: A Brief Books, Harrisburg, PA. Introduction to Archaeology. Mayfield, Mountain View, CA. Broderick, M., and Morton, A. A., 1924, A Concise Dictionary of Atkinson, R J. C., 1985, Field Archaeology, 2d ed. Hyperion, New Egyptian Archaeology. Ares Publishers, Chicago. York. Brothwell, D., 1963, Digging Up Bones: The Excavation, Treatment Bacon, E. (ed.), 1976, The Great Archaeologists. Bobbs-Merrill, and Study ofHuman Skeletal Remains. British Museum, London. New York. Brothwell, D., and Higgs, E. (eds.), 1969, Science in Archaeology, Bahn, P., 1993, Collins Dictionary of Archaeology. ABC-CLIO, 2d ed. Thames and Hudson, London. Santa Barbara, CA. Budge, E. A. Wallis, 1929, The Rosetta Stone. Dover, New York. Bahn, P. -
The Rulers of Palenque a Beginner’S Guide
The Rulers of Palenque A Beginner’s Guide By Joel Skidmore With illustrations by Merle Greene Robertson Citation: 2008 The Rulers of Palenque: A Beginner’s Guide. Third edition. Mesoweb: www. mesoweb.com/palenque/resources/rulers/PalenqueRulers-03.pdf. Publication history: The first edition of this work, in html format, was published in 2000. The second was published in 2007, when the revised edition of Martin and Grube’s Chronicle of the Maya Kings and Queens was still in press, and this third conforms to the final publica- tion (Martin and Grube 2008). To check for a more recent edition, see: www.mesoweb.com/palenque/resources/rulers/rulers.html. Copyright notice: All drawings by Merle Greene Robertson unless otherwise noted. Mesoweb Publications The Rulers of Palenque INTRODUCTION The unsung pioneer in the study of Palenque’s dynastic history is Heinrich Berlin, who in three seminal studies (Berlin 1959, 1965, 1968) provided the essential outline of the dynasty and explicitly identified the name glyphs and likely accession dates of the major Early and Late Classic rulers (Stuart 2005:148-149). More prominent and well deserved credit has gone to Linda Schele and Peter Mathews (1974), who summarized the rulers of Palenque’s Late Classic and gave them working names in Ch’ol Mayan (Stuart 2005:149). The present work is partly based on the transcript by Phil Wanyerka of a hieroglyphic workshop presented by Schele and Mathews at the 1993 Maya Meet- ings at Texas (Schele and Mathews 1993). Essential recourse has also been made to the insights and decipherments of David Stuart, who made his first Palenque Round Table presentation in 1978 at the age of twelve (Stuart 1979) and has recently advanced our understanding of Palenque and its rulers immeasurably (Stuart 2005). -
Statement by Author
Maya Wetlands: Ecology and Pre-Hispanic Utilization of Wetlands in Northwestern Belize Item Type text; Dissertation-Reproduction (electronic) Authors Baker, Jeffrey Lee Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 07/10/2021 10:39:16 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/237812 MAYA WETLANDS ECOLOGY AND PRE-HISPANIC UTILIZATION OF WETLANDS IN NORTHWESTERN BELIZE by Jeffrey Lee Baker _______________________ Copyright © Jeffrey Lee Baker 2003 A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the Department of Anthropology In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY In the Graduate College The University of Arizona 2 0 0 3 2 3 4 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This endeavor would not have been possible with the assistance and advice of a number of individuals. My committee members, Pat Culbert, John Olsen and Owen Davis, who took the time to read and comment on this work Vernon Scarborough and Tom Guderjan also commented on this dissertation and provided additional support during the work. Vernon Scarborough invited me to northwestern Belize to assist in his work examining water management practices at La Milpa. An offer that ultimately led to the current dissertation. Without Tom Guderjan’s offer to work at Blue Creek in 1996, it is unlikely that I would ever have completed my dissertation, and it is possible that I might no longer be in archaeology, a decision I would have deeply regretted. -
Resistencia E Identidades De Mujeres Mam En Oposición a La Mina Marlin En San Miguel Ixtahuacán, Guatemala
Resistencia e Identidades de mujeres Mam en oposición a la mina Marlin en San Miguel Ixtahuacán, Guatemala Nancy Isabella Sabas Gonzalez Universidad Nacional de Colombia Maestría en Estudios de Género, Escuela de Estudios de Género Bogotá, Colombia 2019 Resistencia e Identidades de mujeres Mam en oposición a la mina Marlin en San Miguel Ixtahuacán, Guatemala Nancy Isabella Sabas Gonzalez Tesis presentada como requisito parcial para optar al título de: Maestría en Estudios de Género Director (a): Ph.D., Astrid Ulloa Línea de Investigación: Globalización, Desigualdades Sociales y Políticas Públicas Universidad Nacional de Colombia Maestría en Estudios de Género, Escuela de Género Bogotá, Colombia 2019 La propiedad y el dinero […] son materialmente acaparaciones, desvitalizaciones de lo vivo, abstracciones de la muerte, en el sentido gaiatico de la muerte, porque se realiza matando la vida. […] Lo que la propiedad y la posesividad significan en realidad es lo contrario a lo que pretenden significar: la desposesión de la abundancia de la vida. Casilda Rodrigañez Agradecimientos En primer lugar, agradezco a mi madre, Nora González, por inspirarme para estudiar sobre las desigualdades que experimentan día a día las mujeres racializadas y empobrecidas en la sociedad. Así mismo, agradezco de manera especial a la Diócesis de San Marcos, Guatemala, por su admirable trabajo en San Miguel Ixtahuacán y por conectarme con esta comunidad para realizar esta investigación. También extiendo mi más profunda gratitud y admiración a todas las mujeres Mam que resisten a diario contra el extractivismo en sus comunidades, particularmente a Maudilia López por ofrecerme su amistad y aportar profundamente para esta tesis. Agradezco también a la Parroquia de San Miguel Ixtahuacán, por su contribución a esta investigación y por proveer un espacio para mi autocuidado y sanidad interior durante mi estadía allá. -
The Mayan Gods: an Explanation from the Structures of Thought
Journal of Historical Archaeology & Anthropological Sciences Review Article Open Access The Mayan gods: an explanation from the structures of thought Abstract Volume 3 Issue 1 - 2018 This article explains the existence of the Classic and Post-classic Mayan gods through Laura Ibarra García the cognitive structure through which the Maya perceived and interpreted their world. Universidad de Guadalajara, Mexico This structure is none other than that built by every member of the human species during its early ontogenesis to interact with the outer world: the structure of action. Correspondence: Laura Ibarra García, Centro Universitario When this scheme is applied to the world’s interpretation, the phenomena in it and de Ciencias Sociales, Mexico, Tel 523336404456, the world as a whole appears as manifestations of a force that lies behind or within Email [email protected] all of them and which are perceived similarly to human subjects. This scheme, which finds application in the Mayan worldview, helps to understand the personality and Received: August 30, 2017 | Published: February 09, 2018 character of figures such as the solar god, the rain god, the sky god, the jaguar god and the gods of Venus. The application of the cognitive schema as driving logic also helps to understand the Maya established relationships between some animals, such as the jaguar and the rattlesnake and the highest deities. The study is part of the pioneering work that seeks to integrate the study of cognition development throughout history to the understanding of the historical and cultural manifestations of our country, especially of the Pre-Hispanic cultures. -
Maya Use and Prevalence of the Atlatl: Projectile Point Classification Function Analysis from Chichen Itza, Tikal, and Caracol
University of Central Florida STARS Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019 2012 Maya Use And Prevalence Of The Atlatl: Projectile Point Classification unctionF Analysis From Chichen Itza, Tikal, And Caracol Andrew J. Ciofalo University of Central Florida Part of the Anthropology Commons Find similar works at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd University of Central Florida Libraries http://library.ucf.edu This Masters Thesis (Open Access) is brought to you for free and open access by STARS. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019 by an authorized administrator of STARS. For more information, please contact [email protected]. STARS Citation Ciofalo, Andrew J., "Maya Use And Prevalence Of The Atlatl: Projectile Point Classification unctionF Analysis From Chichen Itza, Tikal, And Caracol" (2012). Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019. 2111. https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd/2111 MAYA USE AND PREVALENCE OF THE ATLATL: PROJECTILE POINT CLASSIFICATION FUNCTION ANALYSIS FROM CHICHÉN ITZÁ, TIKAL, AND CARACOL by ANDREW J. CIOFALO B.A. University of Massachusetts, 2007 A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the Department of Anthropology in the College of Sciences at the University of Central Florida Orlando, Florida Spring Term 2012 © 2012 Andrew Joseph Ciofalo ii ABSTRACT Multiple scholars have briefly discussed the Maya use of the atlatl. Yet, there has never been a decisive encompassing discussion of prevalence and use of the atlatl in the Maya region with multiple lines of support from iconographic and artifactual analyses. This thesis explores the atlatl at Chichén Itzá, Tikal, and Caracol Maya sites to prove that atlatl prevalence can be interpreted primarily based on projectile point “classification function” analysis with support from iconographic and artifactual remains. -
The Classic Maya Palace As a Political Theater
13 THE CLASSIC MAYA PALACE AS A POLITICAL THEATER Takeshi INOMATA University of Arizona INTRODUCTION Maya archaeologists have long been fascinated by large, elaborate buildings usually called «palaces.» Archaeological evidence indicates that many «pala- ces» were residences of the ruling elite. I argue that palaces were also theatrical spaces where courtly performances took place. These buildings physically and symbolically shaped the forms of interaction and display. Thus, the examination of palace layouts provides important clues concerning patterns of political and ce- remonial interaction and the nature of rulership. In this paper, I examine the Classic Maya royal palace as a political theater through an analysis of data from Aguateca, and discuss its implications for kingship and politics. THE CONCEPTS OF PALACE AND ELITE RESIDENCE I use the following terminology related to the concept of palace. The term pa- lace-type structure is defined in terms of its morphological attributes regardless of its function—a large, elaborate multi-chamber or gallery building (Andrews 1975: 43). The tenn elite residence is based strictly on its function and does not concern its morphological attributes —a building occupied by elites (see Inoma- ta and Triadan n.d. for the concepts of elite and elite residence). The term palace refers to an elite residence or elite residential complex that is large and elaborate. In this use, the term palace overlaps semantically with the terms palace-type structure and elite residence, but they are not synonymous. There may have exis- ted palace-type buildings that were occupied by non-elites or that did not have re- sidential functions. -
Who Were the Maya? by Robert Sharer
Who Were the Maya? BY ROBERT SHARER he ancient maya created one of the Belize, Honduras, and El Salvador until the Spanish Conquest. world’s most brilliant and successful The brutal subjugation of the Maya people by the Spanish ca. 1470 CE civilizations. But 500 years ago, after the extinguished a series of independent Maya states with roots The Kaqchikel Maya establish a new Spaniards “discovered” the Maya, many as far back as 1000 BCE. Over the following 2,500 years scores highland kingdom with a capital at Iximche. could not believe that Native Americans of Maya polities rose and fell, some larger and more powerful had developed cities, writing, art, and than others. Most of these kingdoms existed for hundreds of ca. 1185–1204 CE otherT hallmarks of civilization. Consequently, 16th century years; a few endured for a thousand years or more. K’atun 8 Ajaw Europeans readily accepted the myth that the Maya and other To understand and follow this long development, Maya Founding of the city of Mayapan. indigenous civilizations were transplanted to the Americas by civilization is divided into three periods: the Preclassic, the “lost” Old World migrations before 1492. Of course archaeol- Classic, and the Postclassic. The Preclassic includes the ori- ogy has found no evidence to suggest that Old World intru- gins and apogee of the first Maya kingdoms from about 1000 sions brought civilization to the Maya or to any other Pre- BCE to 250 CE. The Early Preclassic (ca. 2000–1000 BCE) Columbian society. In fact, the evidence clearly shows that pre-dates the rise of the first kingdoms, so the span that civilization evolved in the Americas due to the efforts of the began by ca. -
Courtly Art of the Ancient Maya. A
those who commissioned the works. Many have inscribed dates calcu lated accord ing to the Long Count, a way of marki ng historical time that scholarsfirst identified in the 1960s. One carved limestone hiero glyphic inscription on a lintel from Yaxchilan includes a date that is equivalent to Feb. 11,526, when K'inich Tatb'u Skull II,a ruler of this northern Guatemalan city-state, ascended to the throne. The Long Count began on a specific day in the year 3114 B.C., when, the Maya believed, their gods extracted blood from themselves and mi xed it with cornmeal to make humans. K'inich Tatb'u Skull II and other lords had Long Co unt dates carved on public wo rks both to locate themselves within historical time and to place themselves amo ng the gods, heroes and supernatural entities who had initiated and contin ued to perpetuate humanity. The text of this inscription is meticulously carved in so-called "full figure" form s ofanimalsand human faces, rather than the more frag mented shorthand of most Maya hieroglyphics. It reveals the essen tially hybrid and multivalent nature of Maya writing, filled with Three eccentric fl ints, Centro Regional, Copan, Honduras, ca. 755 A.D., combinations of animate and inanimate elements that stand for (left to right) J2 '/" 13 '/, and 10%inches high. Institu te Hondureiio de Antropologia e His toria, Tegucigalpa. sound, word or symbol [see sidebarJ. Just as Maya inscriptions can be intricately visual, so can visual representations be calligraphic, as in a number of so-called "eccen competitive ly pressuring each other to attain ever higher levels of tric" flints on view. -
The PARI Journal Vol. XX No. 2
ThePARIJournal A quarterly publication of the Ancient Cultures Institute Volume XX, No. 2, Fall 2019 Dedicated to Yaxchilan from the Perspective of Guatemala: the memory of Michael D. Coe New Data on Settlement, Fortifications, (1929-2019) and Sculptural Monuments In This Issue: Yaxchilan from Andrew K. Scherer the Perspective of Charles Golden Guatemala: New Omar Alcover Firpi Data on Settlement, Whittaker Schroder Fortifications, and Sculptural Mónica Urquizú Monuments Edwin Román by Andrew K. Scherer In this paper we offer an update and the fantastical adventure story of Dana et al. synthesis of what is currently known re- and Ginger Lamb ([1951]1984). Embedded PAGES 1-14 garding the settlement, fortifications, and within this largely fictionalized account • monuments found in the portion of the were visits made by Dana Lamb and his Classic period Maya kingdom of Yaxchilan Mexican travel companions to a yet-un- Appreciating Mike: that lies within the modern borders of known site in Guatemala (likely to the east A Remembrance of Guatemala. The settlement, defenses, and or southeast of La Pasadita) that was the Michael D. Coe sculpture pertain primarily to the reigns of source of at least two looted monuments by Shield Jaguar III, Bird Jaguar IV, and Shield from the reign of Shield Jaguar IV that are Stephen Houston Jaguar IV, from c. AD 680–810 of the Late now held in private collections (Scherer et PAGES 15-27 Classic period. At this time the Yaxchilan al. 2017). Ian Graham (2010:453-467) was • rulers extended the physical borders of the first professional fieldworker to visit The Classic Mayan their kingdom to the north, west, and east and document Yaxchilan-affiliated sites in Causative into what is today the Sierra del Lacandon Guatemala.