2012-2016 APC Laboratory Technical Activities T. Zerguerras on behalf of the Technical Departments
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 1 Technical Departments
Organisation Equipment, facilities and platform Instrumentation Department (Techniques Expérimentales) Electronics and Microelectronics Department Mechanics Department IT Department Quality Unit R&D: CMB µelectronic, Compton, GAMMACUBE, Liquido Analysis & Prospects
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 2 General organisation
• 5 technical departments + Quality Unit + the FACe platform • Building an instrument => combining skills
22/09/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 3 Technical departments organisation
Matrix organisation structure: Project/Department (Assignment to a department, participation to projects) One specific skill (Mechanics, Electronics/µelectronics, Instrumentation, IT, QA/PA) Transverse activities of the Quality Unit Supervision : Head of department Project coordination: Project manager Indicator Boards for activities and assignments monitoring Project Monitoring Committee (Comité de Suivi de Projets CSP)
This organisation aims to create a bond of trust with funding and tutelage agencies
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 4 Organisation: Technical staff evolution
On 31/12 Technical departments staff evolution 60 Technical departments staff - Gender 45 50 40 40 35 34 30 30 33 35 38 38 Permanent 25 MEN Fixed-term 20 38 40 39 40 39 20 WOMEN 15 10 10 15 17 13 12 12 5 10 11 9 10 11 0 0 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Technical departments staff - Skill level 60 50 Age distribution - 31/12/2016 IR 40 15 28 23 27 27 27 IE 30 AI 10 20 Permanent 14 12 9 13 T 15 5 Fixed-term 10 7 AJT 6 6 5 4 4 4 4 4 0 1 1 1 1 13 0 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 20 _29 30 _39 40 _49 50_59 60+
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 5 Equipment and facilities
ISO8 Cleanroom Frequency comb (128m2): generator - Integration room (Laser emission in a - LISA room spectral band from 1 to - VIRGO room 2µm with a frequency step of 250MHz)
Millimetric Laboratory: 100mK dilution-free cryostat (Oxford Instrument) (Cooling power : 160µW @100mK, No cryogenic fluid) Millimetric Laboratory: Vector network analyzer (characterization of antenna and filters in the frequency range 70-220GHz)
17/10/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 6 Equipment and facilities
Mechanics Workshop 3D Printing Stratasys Low electronic noise test room (37,5 m2) Fortus FDM250mc including a Faraday cage to test components (ABS stable and circuits from 0.1mHz to 10Hz thermoplastic )
Photodetection Laboratory Mouting hall
17/10/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 7 Platform: FACe
Started in 2010, support of IPGP in the framework of the Paris-Diderot University Space Campus – Application to the CNRS/IN2P3 Platform Label • Scientific Manager: Cécile Cavet (IT Department) • Technical Manager : Michèle Detournay (IT Department)
Missions: Building and infrastructures management (machines, electrical facilities, CDF, CVC, maintenance, subcontracting management) Computing infrastructures management Services to projects (data bases, web applications, development platform, training and user support) Equipement: Computing parallel cluster: 652 cores et 42Tb storage 80 virtual servers for astroparticle and space projects (storage: 180Tb) Concurrent Design Facility (CDF): design and operations (LISAPathfinder, LISA …) Projects: PLANCK, INTEGRAL, CODEEN (EUCLID) … Cécile Cavet Next: FACe presentation FACe relocation in 2018 Contribution : LISA DPC, SVOM pipeline
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 8 Instrumentation Department : Organisation
7 permanent, 4 fixed-term
Total : 11 Fixed term/Total: 36%
AdvVIRGO (PM), LISA, TARANIS LISA
TARANIS
LPF, LISA LISA
QUBIC, TARANIS (PM), KM3NeT (PM) IN2P3 Valorization
EUSO, Radioprotection
QUBIC (PM), Cleanroom IGOSAT (PM)
2012-2016: 10 departures, 11 arrivals 2017: 2 permanent positions opened May 2017: end of fixed-term IE hiring (Instrumentation IE, System IR) contract (QUBIC, EUCLID)
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 9 Instrumentation Department: Skills
Optics and interferometry System engineering AIT/AIV Vacuum and cryogeny Bolometer Photodetection and spectroscopy Simulations (Zemax, Fred, Matlab …) Test benches design for detector characterization Data acquisition (ex: Labview) Data analysis (ex: Matlab) Spatial and QA background (environment qualifications …) Cleanroom Project management
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 10 Instrumentation Department: AdVIRGO and post-AdVIRGO R&D
Telescopes for Advanced Virgo (2011-2015): Adapting beam size from a few mm (laser bench) to 5 cm in cavities (and vice-versa)
Workpackages: o Optical simulations and design o Validation tests in the APC cleanroom o Definition of alignment procedures o Installation of 5 telescopes on site.
GW detection in coincidence with LIGO (August 2017)
Laguerre-Gauss modes MAJOR EVENTS: Production of higher-order LG modes : PRL 2010 Interferometry : first lock (2014) Thermal compensation of aberrations : PRD 2015 Prospects: Einstein Telescope: Third generation GW detector (underground, cryogenic, …) : LG modes integration Contribution: Mechanics Dpt
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 11 Instrumentation Department: LISAPathfinder
Successfully launched on 03/12/2015 (end : July 2017)
Validation of the technology for LISA: measurement of the distance between two free-falling test masses by laser heterodyne interferometry
Major contribution of the APC to data analysis and interpretation (µ-thrusters, deglitch …)
Interferometer noise performances one order of magnitude better than LPF requirements
LISA selected as ESA L3 mission (launch: 2034)
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 12 Instrumentation Department: LISA
AIT/AIV Phase 0 CNES and ESA Straylight studies Simulations to estimate the scattered light LISA On Table (LOT) from LISA telescopes: Specifications on surface properties with micro-roughness models ; cleanliness Polarization of scattered lights Funding: ESA ITT (collab: Thalès Alenia, APC, ARTEMIS, LMA)
Hardware simulator of LISA to test in a representative acquisition chain: Noise reduction techniques Instruments (photometers, phasemeter) 1st TDI tested Preparation for operations in vacuum (10-1mbar) Funding: R&T CNES
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 13 Instrumentation Department: KM3NeT
Project started @ APC in 2014
APC in charge of (CB+IU) project management
Design, integration, characterization and qualification of a new generation Laser Beacon for time calibration
Design, integration and deployment of a calibration unit for the KM3NeT detector
Collaboration with the CPPM (Marseille, France) in charge of the instrumentation line Funding FEDER + CNRS/IN2P3: 400 k€ (CB + IU) Starting operation : mid-2019
Calibration test bench for DOM @ APC Memphyno tank
Contributions: . Mechanics . Electronics . QA/PA
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 14 Instrumentation Department: TARANIS
CNES Microsatellite to study TLEs occuring during large storms
Design, production and validation of the XGRE sensor (3 x 4 DU: LaBr3, plastic scintillators, PMT).
Instrumentation AIT/AIV (EGSE and MGSE development, design and fabrication of QM and FM, environment tests implementation).
Production and validation of the XGRE QM sensors (vibration and thermal vacuum tests) completed (August 2015)
Production and validation of the XGRE FM sensors SM2 qualifications @ CNES (February 2016) AIT FM sensors & vibration qualif. tests (March 2016) Schock qualif. tests (April 2016) Anomaly detected on LaBr3 (loss of performances) -> Production process upgrade by St Gobain
-> June 17: delivery of new LaBr3 (12 FM DUs + 4 QM DUs) Contributions: -> July 2018: delivery of FM Dus • Mechanics -> End 2018- mid 2019: AIT on satellite and calibration • QA/PA • Electronics • NEXEYA (QA/PA and AIT/AIV)
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 15 Instrumentation Department: EUSO
Towards UHECR detection from space using UV light . Major facts / key milestones achieved 2012-2014: successful flight of the EUSO-Balloon mission (12 countries, funding CNES+ Collaboration = 1,7 M€) Project management + integration & calibration focal surf @ APC Congratulations from CNES for the scientific return + funding for a second flight
Test campaigns in collaboration with the Telescope Array collaboration (USA+Japan) and in Turlab (Torino) First UHECR detection using JEM-EUSO prototype Funding from Europe (EuHIT), Campus Spatial (Paris Diderot) and CNES for second flight (Total for APC and LAL: 225 k€) April 2017: EUSO-SPB (long duration balloon flight) by NASA : Design, integration and calibration of the detector @ APC . Upcoming milestones Dec. 2018: launch of the mini-EUSO mission towards ISS Contributions: Design, integration and calibration of PDM and HV system @ APC . Mechanics April 2020 : Second SPB flight, POEMMA prototype, selected . Electronics as NASA Probe studies program in 2017 . QA/PA
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 16 Electronics and Microelectronics Department : Organisation
Electronics:
7 permanent 2 fixed term
Total: 9 Fixed term/Total: 22 %
Microelectronics CTA, KM3NeT ATHENA, TARANIS (creation in 2016) CTA (PM), KM3NeT ATHENA
Multi projects TARANIS, JUNO, WA105 CTA, R&T Compton ATHENA (PM), 2 permanent GAMMACUBE 1 fixed term QUBIC
ATHENA, Total: 3 LISA, LPF JUNO (PM), LISA, EUSO, HSD QUBIC Fixed term/Total: 33% WA105 (PM)
Electronics Dpt: • 2 retirements in the next 5 years Microelectronics Dpt: • End of the 2 fixed-term hiring • End of the fixed-term IE hiring contract in 2018 contracts (31/12/2017 and • Need of a 3rd permanent IR 04/09/2018)
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 17 Electronics and Microelectronics Department : Skills
Analog/Digital electronics Cryogenic microelectronics ASICs definition, design and characterization FPGA programming (ALTERA, XILINX …) PCB design & integration (CADENCE) Timing and clock distribution systems (White Rabbit) Simulations: ASICs (VIRTUOSO), VHDL, PCB (ALLEGRO) Tests and characterization (ex: OMEGA ROC ASICs) Spatial and QA backgrounds (RadHard qualifications …) Project management
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 18 Microelectronics Department: QUBIC
Focal plane: • 4 wafers made of 256 TES @300mK each • Readout: time multiplexing • 128 SQUID @ 1K + 1 ASIC @ 40 K for ⅛ focal plane SQMUX128 v2: ASIC Cryo. AMS BiCMOS SiGe 0,35µm standard
Summer 2015: Integration and validation of ¼ focal plane @ APC
15/06/2016: ASIC v2 delivered - Successfull test in the dilution-free cryostat
September 2016: Starting QUBIC demonstrator integration (2x 1/4 focal planes, 512 channels)
Includes: LNA with multiplexed inputs (1:4) Other contributions: Multiplexed current supply (1:32) for SQUIDs bias • Mechanics Digital circuit for addressing and serial link • Instrumentation
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 19 Microelectronics Department: ATHENA
Warm Front-End Electronic (FEE) for the X-IFU instrument 96 LNA (100V/V, 1-6MHz, 1nV/√Hz) Phase A: Box for cryostat + EMI filters SQUIDs biasing 2015- 2019 Bias regulation, HK, SQUID deflux • ASIC production + RadHard qualif. • EGSE test benches • Mechanics integration
awaXe_v1: ASIC AMS BiCMOS SiGe 0,35µm Goals: Test and characterization of several architectures Validation of Rad Hard digital libraries awaXe_v1 delivered on 01/08/2016. Successful RadHard test campaign @ Cocase (high-intensity 60Co source) and latch-up tests @ Louvain-la-Neuve (heavy ions) ASIC v2 in preparation
17/10/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 20 Electronics Department: TiCkS board for CTA
TiCkS board (Time and Clock Stamping) based on the White Rabbit (WR) SPEC node: Providing ns-precision Time Stamps (TS) of input signals Transmission of these TSs to a central collection point for use in any CTA camera
Modification in the Spartan-6 FPGA : 2xRJ45 Clock Addition of a 1ns precision TDC for the TSs (collab. CEA/IRFU) TS UDP stack : o send TSs on WR fiber (No loss up to 320kHz @ fixed frequency ) o Receive config & slow control commands on the same fiber o Send PPS and event counter
2 versions : o TiCks –UCTS (FMC) soon available in the WR Open Hardware repository o TiCKs-CTA (2xRJ45) Equivalent Dead time < 1ns
C. Champion et al., Proc. ICALEPCS2017, Barcelona, Spain October 8-13 2017 (accepted) Next: TiCkS on NectarCAM test bench: end of 2017 Network of 8 TiCks: end Q1 2018 Other contribution: QA/PA
12/06/2017 EAOM 2017 21 Electronics Department: LISAPathfinder and LISA
LISAPathfinder: LASER MODULATOR: beam splitter + 2 AOM + actuators Validation of test procedures with the manufacturer Monitoring during the mission
LISA R&T: Electronics development for the LISA On Table simulator Servo electronics for laser amplitude and optical paths stabilization
Implementation and modification of a phasemeter developed at the AEI Hannover • building hardware for RF electronics and DDS kits • external clock synchro + jitter correction • Upgrade to 14 bits @200MHz sampling
Low frequency noise measurements on RF components and voltage references
REFIMEVE: Developing the Servo electronics of an optical link between the cleanroom and the low electronic noise room for the transmission of an ultra-stable 1GHz clock
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 22 Electronics Department: Electronics readout for large PMTs assemblies Card design, firmware and data acquisition
JUNO @ APC
Joint effort with CENBG and OMEGA
• 128 channels • 8x CATIROC ASICs • Kinde 7 FPGA • FMC connector
WA105 @ APC
Collaboration with IPNL, LAPP and OMEGA
• 16 channels • 1x CATIROC ASICs • 65 Msps ADC • µTCA AMC • FMC connector
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 23 Mechanics Department: Organisation
7 permanent 1 fixed-term
Total: 8 Fixed Term/Total: 12,5%
AdvVIRGO QUBIC, SVOM TARANIS, ATHENA
Multi-projects Double Chooz Double SVOM, Chooz, Workshop R&T Compton IGOSAT, SVOM (PM) 2018: 1 fixed-term contract AdvVIRGO, to extend EUCLID EUSO, QUBIC Double Chooz 1 retirement in the next 5 years SVOM KM3NeT 2015: 1 permanent workshop technician Engineering office 2016: 1 permanent IE
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 24 Mechanics Department: Skills
Mechanical design in specific environment (space, undersea, vacuum, cryogeny, high-level cleanliness) CAD (CATIA) Finite-element analysis (transition from Samcef to ANSYS): isotrope materials, mechanics, thermal management Dimensionnal metrology (mechanics) + programmation Spatial and QA background (environment qualifications …) Project management, call of tenders for public contracts Subcontracting monitoring Workshop: CNC machine 2,5 axes (drilling)/assembly, numerically controlled machining center.
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 25 Mechanics Department: Double Chooz
Far Detector: Design, production and installation (2011)
Near Detector: Design, production and installation (2012-2014)
Shielding: 1m water (except steel on top) Stainless steel tank on steel supports (outer vessel)
Support stiffness strenghtened to prevent any deflection > 1mm of
the bottom (45 tons thrust load) Upper shielding (steel), platform and electronic hut m 7.4
Electronic Hut
Plateform
Upper Shielding
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 26 Mechanics Department: SVOM
French-Chinese Space Mission for detection of X and gamma bursts with a 4 keV threshold
APC workpackage: Design, production, test and validation of the coded mask for the ECLAIRs instrument: Pattern area 540x540mm2 , 40% transparency, self-supporting mask Initial design : pre-tensed foil made of allied Tantalum 0.6mm thick (4000 random holes)
CNES review (B phase) : September 2016
Currently: Phase C
Current design: new pattern with enlarged holes sandwich Ti/Ta/Ti 33.6mm thick
Production of SM for further vibration test: End 2017 Structural Thermo Model delivery : May 2018 FM Mask: 2019 Launch : 2021
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 27 Mechanics Department: QUBIC
APC mechanics workpackages : 1.1m Thermal & mech. design of focal plane towers Therm. & mech. design of the instrument architecture inside vessel Mech. design of the switches / R&D on horns manufacturing Integration process of instrument inside vessel and tests
Technical challenges Mass optimization Keeping optics alignment when instrument is cooled EMC optimization Many interfaces Instrument mechanical. architecture Integration
Focal plane tower Milestones: Technical Demonstrator ¼ Focal plane prototype design finalized Production plan finalized Other contributions: Production : laboratories for • Microelectronics small components (GEPI, LAL, • Instrumentation APC), subcontracting for the biggest
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 28 IT Department : Organisation
2 subdepartments: Networks & systems administration: Networks and systems administration 3 permanents Development and calculation 1 fixed-term Total: 4 Fixed term/Total: 25% Development Subcritical size & calculation: 7 permanent 3 fixed-term + 3 apprentice Total: 13 (FT+Appr.)/Total: 46% High ratio of non-permanent members of staff
2016: 1 permanent IR (repl.) 2018: Opening of a software engineering IR permanent position (LSST, LISA)
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 29 IT Department: Skills
Network & System Administration : network, storage, Unix account, databases, identification system Support: material (hard & soft) and users APC Website management (Drupal)
Infrastructures for calculation and projects: parallel calculation cluster (~ 800 CPU), APC cluster (~ 600 CPU), collaborative platforms, EGEE grid, cloud computing (OpenStack) and Big-Data (Hadoop cluster)
Control & command, real-time: architecture of distributed applications, control and monitoring of mechanical components (motor, presence detector, lock …), data acquisition (PXI and USB bus), multi-threading and multi-processing architecture
Data analysis: data analysis chain development (ex: CMB cards), parallel and distributed programming in shared distributed memory
Simulations: processes in astrophysics (plasma jets from black holes, accretion disk), HPC, instrumental data (ex: EUCLID telescope)
22/09/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 30 IT Department: CTA PHP
Generalities : a web interface to manage proposals for scientific observations
Preparation Submission Evaluation Follow-up Admin
Planning 2015- Mid-2016: demonstrator dev. phase Mid-2016- Mid-2018: Implementation Mid- 2018: operationnal demonstrator version for the consortium Mid-2020: First release to the observatory
Technical Team • Developper engineer: TT. Nguyen, J J. Dauguet • Project manager: M. Detournay
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 31 IT Department: LSST
JAVA development framework for the CCS camera: Monitoring and managing communications between subsystems (filters change, shutter, cooling, power supply management) and information flux between databases. Concept proposed by the APC laboratory and selected by the collaboration
FCS subsystem (filter changer) Control/Command: 6 filters (motion control, exchange, positionning). Critical (1 filter = 700k€)
• Successfull reviews: Director NSF-DOE JSR (2016), RSP IN2P3 (2017), FCS MRR (2017)
• Scale 1 prototype under construction @ LPSC, CPPM and LPNHE
F. Virieux (PM), E. Marin-Matholaz
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 32 IT Department: Data analysis & Computing
Map-making for CMB data analysis High Performance Computing
How to keep refined data analysis when Studies of disk instabilities around data volume is exploding ? black hole accretion disk • Support : FACe (7 nodes Number of detectors : bought by the HPC project team), Polarbear I: 1200 -> Polarbear II: 7500 CINES -> SIMONS array (2018): 22000 • Scientific library compilation, optimization, installation Size =n_t (109) x n_pix (107) • Visualization for very big data : a new challenge Unbiased mapmaking (iterative) to get full map recovery at optimized CPU cost
F. Dodu M. Le Jeune
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 33 Quality Unit: Organization
3 permanent 1 apprentice CQAP Management Total: 4 Corinne JUFFROY (IR1) Quality Project + Quality Manager CNRS Quality in Research Network Steering Committee 1 external consultant IN2P3 and INSU Quality Networks
Ghania MEDJDOUB Stéphane COLONGES (IR2) Catherine HUGON (IE2) Sebastien GAUCHERY Nexeya Consulting Product Assurance Information Systems Apprentice Engineer Product Assurance
Electronics Information KM3Net Product Systems TARANIS Assurance
Valorisation Deputy Training Deputy GTR FIDES Démocrite Network CNRS Electronics Network 2012: 1 no-replaced IR departure
Multi-projects and transverse activities for the laboratory
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 34 Quality Unit:Skills
Quality Assurance Support: Setting up quality and management procedures to continuously improve scientist instruments produced by the laboratory Includes: Documentation management Non-conformities management Traceability process implementation Control of assembly operations
Electronics Product Assurance: Components qualification for commercial products or specific ASICs : Radhard qualification process, studies of reliability and ITAR process for space electronics components
Information and indicators management: Electronics documentation management Scientific bibliography Database studies and development for laboratory management
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 35 Quality Unit: Involvement in projects
TARANIS Quality Project + Electronic Product Assurance (the whole project) Quality AIT/AIV CTA / NectarCam Reliability analysis of the MUTIN circuit Board and clock distribution. RAMS activities for NectarCam : (RAMS = Reliability Availability Maintenability Safety) KM3NeT Reliability analysis of DOM (Digital Optic Module) and other subsystems EUCLID NISP sensor RadHard test campaigns for EUCLID focal plan SVOM Quality Project Documentation ATHENA Quality Project + RADHARD Qualification
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 36 Quality Unit: Achievements
Indicators Database Human Resources: Information on Human Resources of the laboratory for tutelage agencies, scientific committee and the AERES
Project resources database: Overview on human resources assigned to each project for a better visibility Production of indicators (statistics, charts, graphics)
Documentation: Provision of documentation templates for 2012-2016: 37 internal reviews projects 12 Provision of an on-line documentation system 10 (ATRIUM) for centralisation and storage 8 Assistance to project reviews (CSP) 6 organisation and reports management 4 2 0 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 37 R&D: Microelectronics @ Millimetric Laboratory
SQUID multiplexed architecture and cryogenic ASICs for large TES assemblies readout SQMUX128 : SQMUX8 : 2x4 TDM SQUIDs readout 4x32 TDM SQUIDs readout (R&D Bolo) (R&D CNES BSD / QUBIC)
SQMUX24 : 3x8 TDM SQUIDs readout(R&T CNES DCMB) PMO_SQMUX24 : 3x8 TDM SQUIDs readout (Chinese PMO Col.)
Skills: • ASIC Cryo (4,2K) design and implementation • SQUID multiplexing + linearization (FLL) • 2x2 / 3x8 / 4x32 prototypes integration • Current/noise TES operation and characterization (collaboration with Multiplexor 3x8 SQUID/TES (BSD) D. Prêle, F. Voisin IEF/CSNSM) Thermal and méchanics: C.Chapron 2006 2017 20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 38 R&D: R&T Compton
2 DSSD 10x10cm2, 1.5 mm thick mounted on dedicated hybrid PCBs, Design @ APC Manufacturing by the MICRON Semiconductor. CNES milestones reached: Validation of the readout electronics (CEA FE including IDeF-X chips) with a Tristan silicon detector 2 DSSD mounted on hybrid PCBs delivered in August 2016 First spectrum measured with DSSD read with CEA FE
Next: Design of a new digital electronics (FPGA + ADC) compatible with the NARVAL acquisition system Integration in a Compton mini-camera (DSSDs + Scintillators) in collaboration with the IPN Orsay and the CSNSM Orsay (COCOTE) W. Bertoli (PM), G. Monier, R. Oger
Scientists: P. Laurent, D.Maier
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 39 R&D: GAMMACUBE
Gamma telescope, tracks reconstruction in the 5–100 MeV range 1. Cube of plastic scintillators (1 m3) 2. Micro-lenses network (plenoptic imager) 3. Large-size Imager (few 10 cm), high spatial resolution (a few 10 µm), single-electron detection capability
• SPAD - Single-Photon Avalanche Diodes (10 µm in opto technology CMOS 0.35 AMS) • ASIC IMACUP (Col. LE2I), Multiplexed SPAD matrix (30x30) for imagery • Optical and electrical characterization → Patent, SATT for industrial valorization (medical applications) D. Prêle
Scientist: R. Terrier
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 40 Analysis & Prospects: Technical FTE
Ground and under-sea projects 6 Advanced VIRGO 5 CTA 4 DOUBLE CHOOZ Space projects 3 JUNO FTE 6 KM3Net 2 LSST 5 1 QUBIC 4
0 WA105
2015 2016 2017 2018 3 FTE 2
1
0 2015 2016 2017 2018
ATHENA - WFEE COCOTE (R&T Compton) EUCLID JEM-EUSO IGOSAT LISA LISAPathfinder PLANCK SVOM TARANIS
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 41 Analysis and prospects: Projects roadmap
Preparation Projects 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 Construction Advanced VIRGO - Telescopes Exploitation ATHENA - WFEE End CTA - TiCkS CTA - NECTARCAM- RAMS CTA -GATE CTA-PHP COCOTE (R&T Compton) DOUBLE CHOOZ EUCLID-CODEEN EUCLID-EXT EUCLID-NISP Rad Hard EUCLID-SIMULATIONS mini-EUSO (ISS) EUSO-SPB EUSO-SPB 2 IGOSAT JUNO - Electronics KM3NeT - Calibration Unit LISA AIT/AIV LISA-DPC LISAPathfinder LSST - CCS et FCS software PLANCK QUBIC- Demonstrator QUBIC-FI SVOM - ECLAIR coded mask SVOM- Pipeline TARANIS - XGRE WA105 – Electronics
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 42 Analysis & Prospects: SWOT Analysis
Strengths Weaknesses • Specific skills: optics, photodetection, • Imbalance between projects needs cryogenic µelectronic, space AIT/AIV and available technical HR (mechanics & instrumentation), QA/PA, • High turn-over virtualization and cloud • Risk of losing strategic skills (fixed- • Skills in space and balloons projects term contract, mobility, retirement …) managemement • Some skills (ex: optics, AIT/AIV, • Recognition as a key actor in space electronics PA, mechanics workshop projects by the CNES technician) owned by a permanent • National and international visibility member of staff • Strong commitment in projects limits involvement in generic R&D and general technologic surveys • Logistics support reduced
Opportunities Threats • Space and funding agencies, tutelage • Financial cut from funding agencies organisations, national and and partners international collaborations calls of • Time-consuming non-technical task tender increasing (ex: management, • Long-term projects: EUCLID, CTA, institutionnal consultancy, funding KM3NeT, LSST, QUBIC, LISA, ATHENA applications …) … • Specific skills difficult to find on the • Multi-messenger astronomy rising labor market • Unfavorable change in tutelage agencies hiring policy • More and more restrictive administrative regulating (ex:
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017Sauvadet, GBCP) 43 Thank you for your attention !
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 44 Back-up
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 45 Instrumentation Department: Involvement in projects
Ground and under-sea experiments: AdvVIRGO, KM3NeT, QUBIC
Spatial projects: EUCLID, IGOSAT, LISAPathfinder, LISA, EUSO, TARANIS
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 46 Instrumentation Department: AdvVIRGO and post-AdvVIRGO R&D
Telescopes for Advanced Virgo: Adapting beam size from a few mm (laser bench) to 5 cm in cavities (and vice-versa) MAJOR EVENTS: Optical design validation (end of 2011) Installation of the INJ telescope (February 2014) Installation of the DFT telescope, SPRB and SNEB/SWEB (2015)
GW detection in coincidence with LIGO (August 2017)
Laguerre-Gauss modes MAJOR EVENTS: Production of higher-order LG modes : PRL 2010 Interferometry : first lock (2014) Thermal compensation of aberrations : PRD 2015 Prospects: Einstein Telescope: Third generation GW detector (underground, cryogenic, …) : LG modes integration Contributions: Mechanics
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 47 EUCLID
Radiation hardness characterization of a EM NISP H2RG Teledyne detector up to a dose equivalent to 5 years operation in space
Cryogenic test bench for the detector and its ASIC Thermal regulation system (Detector: 90K +/- 0.1 K, ASIC: 140K +/- 0.1K) Specific cabling Irradiation test campaigns: o LPSC Grenoble (January 2016) with X and a sources o Louvain-La-Neuve (December 2016) with a 23MeV proton beam
Data analysis under progress
Contributions: « 4K » screen « 300K » « 77K » screen Inner tank • Instrumentation screen External tank . Mechanics Optical window . QA/PA
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 48 TARANIS
Planning:
New LaBr3: July 2017 VT, schock campaign on LaBr3 QM: July-August 2017 AIT 12 UD FM and 4 UD QM: September 2017- February 2018 AIT + FM sensors calibration: January-February 2018 Coupling with EM analyzer: February 2018 FM sensors thermal cycling in nitrogen gas: March 2018 FM sensors calibration: March-April 2018 Unmounting FM UD: April 2018 Assembling hybrid sensor (4 QM UD) : April 2018 VT hybrid sensor: May 2018 Delivery to CNES + VT SAT: May-June 2018 Remounting UD FM in sensors + validations: June 2018 Final delivery : July 2018
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 49 TARANIS
TARANIS: CNES µstaellite for Transient Luminescent Events studies
FEA card and HV modules FEN card -FPGA
Embedded electronics readout of the XGRE instrument (photons and electrons detection from 20keV to 10MeV) ECSS standards (European Cooperation for Space Standardization) for CAD design RadHard FPGA Radhard VHDL programmation Analogic : EMC and qualified components
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 50 JEM-EUSO
MPMT Hamamatsu R-11265 (8x8 pixels) + UV filters ASIC : SPACIROC 3 FPGA: Xilinx (ballon 2014 et 2017)and Zynq (ISS 2018) HV Cockroft Walton
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 51 Instrumentation Department: IGOSat
– 3U CubeSat (LEO, 600Km
Contributions: • Mechanics • IT • Electronics
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 52 Electronics and Microelectronics Department: Involvement in projects
Ground experiments: KM3NeT, CTA , JUNO, QUBIC, R&D Millimetric Laboratory, WA105.
Spatial projects: ATHENA, EUSO, GAMMACUBE, LISAPathfinder, LISA, R&T COMPTON, TARANIS
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 53 Electronics and Microelectronics Department: ATHENA Warm Front-End Electronic (FEE) for the X-IFU instrument
96 LNA (20V/V, 1-6MHz, 1nV/√Hz) Phase A: Box part of the cryostat + EMI Filters 2015- mi 2018 Low noise adjustable SQUID bias • Production of ASIC Power reg., HK, SQUID deflux … + RadHard qualif • EGSE test benches • Mechanics integration awaXe_v1: ASIC AMS BiCMOS SiGe 0,35µm Goals: Test and characterization of several architectures Validation of radiation-hard numerical libraries awaXe_v1 delivered on 01/08/2016. Successfull Rad tests @ Cocase (high activity 60Co gamma source) and latch-up tests @ Louvain-la-Neuve (heavy ions) ASIC version 2 under preparation
D. Prêle (Project Manager), C. Beillimaz, F. Voisin Si Chen (AHE PhD), J.P. Baronick (Mechanics), K.K. Chan (Electronics) S. Colonges, C. Juffroy (Quality)
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 54 Electronics and Microelectronics Department: QUBIC & ATHENA ASICs
QUBIC: ASIC SQUMUX128 Version 2 ATHENA: ASIC Awaxe Version 1
Louvain-la-Neuve test set-up for ATHENA
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 55 QUBIC
Bolometric interferometry for measurements of the CMB polarized B-modes
½ focal plane: • 4 wafers de 256 TES @300mK • Readout: TDM • 128 SQUID @ 1K + 1 ASIC @ 40 K for ⅛ de focal plane QUBIC demonstrator integration
SQMUX128_evo (AMS BiCMOS SiGe 0,35µm)
• Supra. interconnections. • LNA (< 0,2nV/√Hz) with multiplexed inputs • Specific PCB • Multiplexed current supply for SQUID bias • TES characterization, SQUID definition and chips • Digital circuit for addressing and serial link selection 56
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 Electronics and Microelectronics Department: WA105 (LAGUNA) Collaboration: Omega - APC – LAPP - IPNL
Goal: • Thousands of channels of digital electronics • WA105 DAQ Demonstrator based on µTCA standard • Control through GbE, data transmission through 10GbE • Prototyping with AMC S4AM from Bittware • FMC mezzanine board, 16 channels + FADC • ASIC technology: 16 channels CATIROC
Work in progress • FMC Card 16 channels • µTCA standard communication • Stand-alone firmware and software development Next: • Electrical tests • Production firmware and software for the experiment @CERN IT APC: C. Santos (Project Manager), A. Noury • Integration and test @CERN (Q1 2018) (end of hiring contract 31/12/2017)
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 57 Electronics and Microelectronics Department: JUNO Collaboration: APC – Omega – CENBG - SUBATECH Goal: • Small PMT assembly • Hundreds of channels of digital electronics • Development and integration of ASIC based instrument • Based on latest generation ASIC: 16 channels CatiROC • V0: Module of 128 channels + FPGA + DDR3 Achievements: • ASIC under test using OMEGA test board (APC + OMEGA) • Home-made full DAQ developed (APC) • Software and firmware (APC) • 128 channels card design and routing ready (CENBG)
Work in progress: • In depth data analysis • Issues understanding • Production and tests of the V0 card (Summer 2017)
IT APC: C. Santos (Project manager), A. Noury (end of hiring contract 31/12/2017)
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 58 Mechanics Department: Involvement in projects
Ground and undersea experiments: Advanced VIRGO, Double Chooz, KM3NeT, QUBIC
Spatial projects: ATHENA, EUCLID, EUSO, R&T COMPTON, SVOM, TARANIS
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 59 Double Chooz
Near Detector: Design, production and installation (2012-2014) Far detector (2011):
Steel tank + liquid scintilator + 350 tons of steel Shielding: 1m water (except on top) for shielding (150-mm thick) Stainless steel tank on steel supports (outer vessel) Airtightness Support stiffness strenghtened to prevent any deflection > 1mm of Integration: vessel floating on water for welding the bottom due to water pressure (45 tons thrust load) Interfaces for PMT, cabling … Upper shielding (steel), platform and electronic hut
6.5m
Cout de fabrication = 1.4 M€
7.4 m 7.4
Peinture blanche réflective
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 60 Mechanics Department: AdvVIRGO
Telescopes (Injection / Detection / Pick-off / End of arms) 6 translation and/or rotation motorized mounts (injection and détection telescopes) 4 tunable mounts (pick-off and end of arms telescopes) Suspended under-vacuum Design, construction and installation optical bench on site
- Cumbersomeness - Linearity, moving reproductibility - Position stability - Operation under vacuum - Contamination - Vibration response - Construction@ APC workshop (1.5 to 0.8 FTE)+ subcontracting - MMT metrology R&D Laguerre-Gauss
Cavité Fabry-Pérot en Invar 300 mm – miroir 1’’ sur monture piézo IT Department: EUCLID
• Ground Segment : phase C2 – CODEEN : • Continuous integration platform for software development • Administration and user support, migration on the OpenStack@CC-IN2P3 cloud in 2017
– EXT/SIM : • Ground observatories data integration • Development of simulator and data analysis pipeline (démarrage EXT-generic starts in 2017, EXT-LSST in 2018 if Euclid/LSST agreement)
– SDC France scientific coordination (CC-IN2P3) : • Interface between the IN2P3 et the EUCLID project • Production infrastructure sizing and ressources allocation
C. Cavet (PM), A. Boizard, J.M. Colley, M. Detournay, R. Fahed, M. Le Jeune, M. Souchal
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 62 IT Department: DPC LISA
France in charge of the Data Processing Centre (DPC) : CNES phase 0 : load peaks management => hybrid cluster (continuous load) / cloud (peak) system. R&T CNES/ATOS : Docker containerization of applications
Objective: provide hardware and software tools to the consortium to host and process LISA data analysis.
Context: APC + CNES leadership, relatively small data volume (1Tb/year) but some processing tasks are CPU demanding -> use distributed/on-demand CPU (~ 5000 cores/center, ~ 3 centers, including the main French center) -> develop luggable tools and services (virtualization, containers)
Ongoing activites: 1) APC provides the proto-DPC (continuous Integration) + (due to end 2017) proto-database expected for the next data challenge. 2) CNES, APC and the LISA consortium write the definition document and specify workpackages. M. Le Jeune, C. Cavet, E. Marin-Matholaz, M. Batmanabane
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 63 IT Department: Scientific Computing in CMB Data
Computing issues in CMB data analysis are growing fast 9 7 The MapMaking example : problem size = n_t (10 ) x n_pixel (10 ) 2012-2015 POLARBEAR I 1200 detectors 2016 POLARBEAR II 7500 detectors 2018 SIMONS ARRAY 22000 detectors CMB STAGE IV 100000 detectors How to keep refined analysis techniques when data volume is exploding ?
Low CPU cost, biased solution (smoothed maps)
APC POLARBEAR group contribution Higher CPU cost but full recovery of all scales
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 64 IT 2016 – NSIP data
Activités IT 2016 - NSIP 200 180
160
140 120 100 80
60 Nombresemainesde 40 20 0
25/04/2017 Biennale APC 2017 - GT Instrumentation & Qualité 65 Technical FTE 2015
Technical FTE 2015 6,00
5,00
4,00
3,00
2,00
ETP 1,00
0,00
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 66 Technical FTE 2016
ETP IT 2016 6
5
4
3
2 Projet
1
0
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 67 Summary and prospects
Diversity and complementarity of skills, recognized expertises: Cloud and distributed computing, data analysis architecture Space projects management QA/PA AIT/AIV (Mechanics, Electronics, Instrumentation) Optics & Photodetection Cryogenic detectors & dedicated ASICs A significant fraction of the technical manpower relies on fixed-term staff Turn-over, loss of skills Mid-term and long-term strategy to stabilize the staff in a context where propositions of permanent positions are scarce
Technical departments are to their manpower limits
Departures of technical staff members generate difficulties for projects and technical departments ( 4 departures in less than one year including 3 project managers, 2 non-replaced retirements in 2016)
Finding a reasonable compromise between the technical human ressources and the scientific commitments
20/11/2017 APC Scientific Board 2017 68