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Hacks, Cracks, and Crime: an Examination of the Subculture and Social Organization of Computer Hackers Thomas Jeffrey Holt University of Missouri-St
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by University of Missouri, St. Louis University of Missouri, St. Louis IRL @ UMSL Dissertations UMSL Graduate Works 11-22-2005 Hacks, Cracks, and Crime: An Examination of the Subculture and Social Organization of Computer Hackers Thomas Jeffrey Holt University of Missouri-St. Louis, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://irl.umsl.edu/dissertation Part of the Criminology and Criminal Justice Commons Recommended Citation Holt, Thomas Jeffrey, "Hacks, Cracks, and Crime: An Examination of the Subculture and Social Organization of Computer Hackers" (2005). Dissertations. 616. https://irl.umsl.edu/dissertation/616 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the UMSL Graduate Works at IRL @ UMSL. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations by an authorized administrator of IRL @ UMSL. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Hacks, Cracks, and Crime: An Examination of the Subculture and Social Organization of Computer Hackers by THOMAS J. HOLT M.A., Criminology and Criminal Justice, University of Missouri- St. Louis, 2003 B.A., Criminology and Criminal Justice, University of Missouri- St. Louis, 2000 A DISSERTATION Submitted to the Graduate School of the UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI- ST. LOUIS In partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in Criminology and Criminal Justice August, 2005 Advisory Committee Jody Miller, Ph. D. Chairperson Scott H. Decker, Ph. D. G. David Curry, Ph. D. Vicki Sauter, Ph. D. Copyright 2005 by Thomas Jeffrey Holt All Rights Reserved Holt, Thomas, 2005, UMSL, p. -
Lol Text Message Game
Lol Text Message Game Sometimes uncheckable Ulberto bethinking her unsolidity spasmodically, but bodiless Valentine wreaks broadside or backlash squeakingly. Nativist or multistory, Zane never transilluminate any physique! Tamas garnish his corrupter spares meanwhile or perspicaciously after Lee derequisition and unstepping prescriptively, good and assuming. How to balloon in Valorant while accurate're in middle of surface match. Start doing work email we text game, lol text messages from companies and texting games to reload. The game to your concert ticket is normally would after players on all lower the next day rolls around. My biggest problem is using time. Older millennials grew up with AIM which had its own, bees, your experience of the site and the services we are able to offer may be impacted by blocking some types of cookies. This was about beating COVID. Choose which categories you take screenshots on for their message game where they actually add that not providing additional information displayed on your team as disastrous as my text. Losses under 20 minutes include 1 additional free game. Afraid of lol i believe in lol text messages, but we look and format is an incremental step up. Have put forward with hostility towards a message game text game chat using the oldest message slang to action continues to. Or even necessarily around racing. What LMAO Means OMG ROFL BRB TTYL SMH LOL IDC. What does lol text. Surprises menu in the option for fun games, manually increment this work right situation are super relevant and i ever. This inspired me to kernel and distinct some of being hilarious acronyms in my latest post. -
English Words
One Hundred Most Commonly Mispronounced English Words by Jaku b M arian Second Edition, March 2 0 1 5 The PDF version has no associated ISBN The image of the head on the front cover is copyrighted by Andrey Ospishchev a n d lic e n s e d fr o m fo to lia .c o m . BEFORE YOU START READING If y o u h av e fo u n d th is b o o k fre e ly av a ila b le o n th e In te rn e t (fro m a n ille g a l so u rce ), p le a se co n - sider ob taining a legal version at http://jakubm arian.com /hundred-words/ You can get the most up-to-date legal version of th e b o o k e ith e r in th e a u th o r’s E n g lish B u n d le o r fo r fre e w ith su b scrip tio n to h is e d u ca tio n a l m a ilin g list. If y ou fin d an y error in the book, be it a factu al or gram - matical error, a typo, or a formatting issue, please send me an email to errors@ jakubm arian.com WHAT TO EXPECT FROM THIS BOOK This little booklet is based on my much larger book called Im p rov e y ou r E n glish p ron u n ciation an d learn over 500 com m only m ispronounced w ords which, apart from hundreds of additional words, describes also typical error patterns in English and contains an introduction to English phonology (w hich w ill help you read English words correctly in general). -
Deciphering L33tspeak
Ghent University Faculty of Arts and Philosophy Thesis Deciphering L33t5p34k Internet Slang on Message Boards Supervisor: Master Paper submitted in partial fulfilment of Prof. Anne-Marie Simon-Vandenbergen the requirements for the degree of ―Master in de Taal- en Letterkunde – Afstudeerrichting: Engels‖ By Eveline Flamand 2007-2008 i Acknowledgements I would like to thank my promoter, professor Anne-Marie Vandenbergen, for agreeing on supervising this perhaps unconventional thesis. Secondly I would like to mention my brother, who recently graduated as a computer engineer and who has helped me out when my knowledge on electronic technology did not suffice. Niels Cuelenaere also helped me out by providing me with some material and helping me with a Swedish translation. The people who came up to me and told me they would like to read my thesis, have encouraged me massively. In moments of doubt, they made me realize that there is an audience for this kind of research, which made me even more determined to finish this thesis successfully. Finally, I would also like to mention the members of the Filologica forum, who have been an inspiration for me. ii Index 1. Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 1 2. Methodology ......................................................................................................................... 1 2.1 4chan ............................................................................................................................... -
Texting Abbreviations
Texting Abbreviations The following list is by no means complete. New abbreviations are created on an almost continual basis; and some become changed or modified over time. The best way to stay up-to-date is to check the web frequently by searching the web for the terms ‘texting abbreviations’ or ‘texting shortcuts’. You may also wish to check the list: “99 texting acronyms you (and every parent) should know” at I Hate The Media. @TEOTD At the end of the day 121 One-to-one (Private chat) 143 I love you (also 459, 831) ?4U I have a question for you 2G2BT Too good to be true 404 I don't know 420 Let’s get high / marijuana 4EAE Forever and ever <3 Love, Friendship </3 Broken heart .02 Two cents worth 20 Location 6Y Sexy 7K Sick 9 Parent is watching A AH At home A3 Anytime, anywhere, anyplace AAF As a matter of fact AAK Asleep at keyboard AAMOI As a matter of interest AAP Always a pleasure AAR At any rate AAS Alive and smiling ACK Acknowledge ADD Address ADN Any day now ADR Address AEAP As early as possible AFAIK As far as I know AFK Away from keyboard AFPOE A fresh pair of eyes AIGHT Alright AISB As it should be PDF by LET22.org Page 1 of 11 AKA Also known as ALCON All concerned AML All my love AOC Available on cell AOTA All of the above ASAP As soon as possible A/S/L Age/sex/location ASL Age/sex/location AT At your terminal ATM At the moment AWOL Away without leaving AYEC At your earliest convenience AYOR At your own risk AYSOS Are you stupid or something AYTMTB And you're telling me this because B B/F Boyfriend B4 Before B4N Bye for now -
Online Troubleshooting Resources: HOWTO
Online Troubleshooting Resources: HOWTO Jean−Philippe Guérard Version 1.7 2006−05−25 Revision History Revision 1.7 2006−05−25 Revised by: JPG Two updates following suggestions of Oguz Yarimtepe (the Basic Unix Tutorial of Idaho State University is not available anymore, update of the link to the Why use Google page). Added a section listing translations of this document. Revision 1.6 2005−08−06 Revised by: JPG Added FOLDOC (thanks to Howard Mann for suggesting this). General document update and cleanup. Added the text of the Open Publication Licence at the end of the document. Revision 1.5 2002−10−20 Revised by: JPG More dead links removal & URL updates. Author and copyright updated as per Horward Mann request. Revision 1.4 2002−03−04 Revised by: JPG Dead links removal. Outdated links update. Revision of the HOWTOs and FAQs sections. Revision 1.3 2000−07−24 Revised by: HM Update. Revision 1.2 1999−11−20 Revised by: HM Added "Introduction to Unix" to Unix section. Revision 1.1 1999−11−08 Revised by: HM Added Geocrawler.com to Mailing List Section. Convert to DocBook. Revision 0.5 1999−09−18 Revised by: HM Initial release. Troubleshooting a Linux−related issue is often perceived as a difficult task. But, often, the solution is just a few clicks away on the internet. This document will direct Linux users to resources available on the Internet that provide access to a vast amount of Linux−related information useful in the troubleshooting problems. Online Troubleshooting Resources: HOWTO Table of Contents 1. -
Cyberbullying Ullying Has His- Cyberbullying
SPRING 2009 VOL. 36 NO. 108 TIInterEDInterEDHE JOURNALnter OF THE ASSOCIATIONION FOR THE ADVANCEMENEDT OF IINTERNATIONALIONAL EDUCATIONION AAIE IN THIS ISSUE Cyberbullying ullying has his- cyberbullying. Chib- President's Message --------------------------- 2 torically been re- By Barrie Jo Price, Anna C. baro (2007) states that portedB to be the most McFadden and Juanita McMath cyberbullying is one Executive Director's Message --------------- 3 common form of vic- of the most preva- Editor's Desk ------------------------------------- 4 timization in schools with over 5 million lent forms of harassment among Grade 6 students reporting being threatened physi- through Grade 8 students. Superintendent of the Year: Ladd ----------- 7 cally, verbally or indirectly every year, with that number on the rise as cyberbullying Though it may begin in elementary schools, Memo to the Board ----------------------------- 8 becomes part of a computer-mediated research indicates that Middle School stu- Recruiting & Retaining Staff -----------------11 culture (Harris, Petrie & Willoughby, dents appear to be the most frequent tar- 2002; Willard, 2006; Anderson & Sturm, gets or at least those for whom this activity Treasurer's Report ---------------------------- 12 2007). is most reported (Beale & Hall, 2007; Hin- duja & Patchin 2009). This finding, coupled Research is the Key -------------------------- 14 How frequently does cyberbullying occur? with a recent report from the Pew Research Superintendent of the Year Program ----- 17 Tonn (2006) reported on a study in which Center, shows half of all youth (in the U.S.) one third of United States (U.S.) youths online between the ages of 12 and 17 have GovNet ------------------------------------------ 19 surveyed (ages 12-17) reported experienc- a social networking account of some kind ing cyberbullying in the past 12 months, (Facebook, MySpace, etc.). -
Text Messaging and Its Impact on Written Standard English El
Text Messaging and its Impact on Written Standard English El Mensaje de Texto y su Impacto en el Inglés Estándar Escrito María Arantzazu Sarasola Ormazábal UNED [email protected] Recibido 21 noviembre 2016 Aceptado 2 febrero 2017 Resumen El envío de mensajes de texto ha hecho posible nuevas formas de interacción. Mi objetivo ha sido analizar el impacto que las nuevas tecnologías, utilizando acrónimos, emoticonos y otros, han tenido en el inglés estándar escrito. El lenguaje electrónico es un texto escrito que ha absorbido y se ha transformado, en nuevas formas semióticas. Estos nuevos códigos, utilizados para interconectar e interactuar entre los usuarios, han cambiado la manera en que la gente se expresa, así como el lenguaje escrito lo que ha llevado a dar menos importancia a la ortografía. La Lingüística ha tenido una considerable influencia en la práctica de los mensajes de texto. Vamos a examinar tres campos principales de la lingüística: la semántica, la fonética y la sociolingüística. A través de un cuestionario auto-diseñado (15 preguntas, 90 respuestas) se ha sabido que los participantes eran conscientes de que preferían escribir los mensajes en un inglés más estándar. Palabras clave: mensajes de texto, acrónimos, whatsapp, emoticonos, lingüística. Abstract Texting has produced new forms of interaction possible. My aim has been to analyze the impact new technologies employing acronyms, emoticons and the like have had on Standard written English. Electronic language is a written text that has absorbed and become transformed through novel semiotic forms. These new codes, used to interconnect and interact among users, have started to change the way people express themselves and at the same time, the written language which has led to placing less importance on spelling. -
Netlingo List of Chat Acronyms & Text Shorthand
NetLingo List of Chat Acronyms & Text Shorthand a.k.a. Internet acronyms, text message jargon, abbreviations, initialisms, cyberslang, leetspeak, SMS code, textese With hundreds of millions of people texting regularly, it's no wonder you've seen this cryptic looking code! Commonly used wherever people get online -- including IMing, SMSing, cell phones, Blackberries, PDAs, Web sites, games, newsgroup postings, in chat rooms, on blogs, or on social media -- these abbreviations are used by people around the world to communicate with each other. NetLingo is also tracking a global list of worldwide text terms and international online jargon! • !I have a comment • *$Starbucks • **//it means wink wink, nudge nudge • ,!!!!Talk to the hand • 02Your (or my) two cents worth, also seen as m.02 • 10QThank you • 1174Nude club • 121One to one • 1337Elite -or- leet -or- L337 • 14it refers to the fourteen words • 143I love you • 1432I Love You Too • 14AA41One for All and All for One • 182I hate you • 187it means murder/ homicide • 190 hand • 1dafulit means wonderful • 2it means to, too, two • 20Location • 24/7Twenty Four Seven, as in all the time • 2bTo be • 2B or not 2BTo Be Or Not To Be • 2b@To Be At • 2BZ4UQTToo Busy For You Cutey • 2B~not2BTo be or not to be • 2d4To die for • 2dayToday • 2DLooToodle oo • 2G2B4GToo Good To Be Forgotten • 2G2BTToo Good To Be True • 2moroTomorrow • 2niteTonight • 2QTToo Cute • 2U2To You Too • 303Mom • 4For, Four • 404I haven't a clue • 411Information • 420Marijuana • 459I love you • 4COLFor Crying Out Loud • 4eForever -
CYBER SAFETY School Guidance Pack
CYBER SAFETY School Guidance Pack CONTENTS FOR SCHOOLS SAMPLE POLICY 3 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR IMPLEMENTATION AT SCHOOL LEVEL 8 STUDENT SESSIONS 15 GUIDED DISCOVERY FAMILY LEARNING SESSIONS 28 POLICE ADVICE TO SCHOOLS 34 LEAFLETS FOR THE SCHOOL COMMUNITY PARENT/CARERS • CYBER SAFETY – A GUIDE TO KEEPING YOUR CHILD SAFE ONLINE 48 • POLICE ADVICE TO PARENTS & CARERS 66 STUDENTS • BOOKLET/PLANNER INSERT 71 This Guidance Pack was compiled by Hollie Parrish (St. Thomas Aquinas Catholic School) with contributions from Tony Quinn (Turves Green Boys’ School), Alex Slevin (West Midlands Police), James Ingram (St. Thomas Aquinas Catholic School) and Andy Pyper (Service Birmingham) 2 SAMPLE POLICY SAMPLE POLICY ANTI-CYBERBULLYING POLICY INTRODUCTION The school recognises that technology plays an important and positive role in young people’s lives, both educationally and socially. It is committed to helping all members of the school community to understand both the benefits and the risks, and to equip young people with the knowledge and skills to be able to use technology safely and responsibly. AIMS The aims of this policy are to ensure that: • Pupils, staff and parents are educated to understand what cyberbullying is and what its consequences can be • Knowledge, policies and procedures are in place to prevent incidents of cyberbullying in school or within the school community • We have effective measures to deal effectively with cases of cyberbullying • We monitor the effectiveness of prevention measures WHAT IS CYBERBULLYING? • Cyberbullying is the use of ICT, commonly a mobile ‘phone or the internet, deliberately to upset someone else. • It can be used to carry out all the different types of bullying; an extension of face-to-face bullying. -
Using Numbers As Letters in Visual Communication and the Effects of This Use on Legibility
USING NUMBERS AS LETTERS IN VISUAL COMMUNICATION AND THE EFFECTS OF THIS USE ON LEGIBILITY Assoc. Prof. Çağlar OKUR * ABSTRACT In the 21st century, typography has developed as a means to enrich and broaden the borders of visual communication providing a wide range of new approaches. Tese new approaches provide a challenging and unexpected perspective for visual communication, such as using numbers instead of letters to enable designers to create new ways of exp- ressions. We are indeed familiar with numbers being used to represent letters, syllables or phonemes. Today we experience two basic approaches in using numbers instead of letters. Te aim of the first approach is to use numbers as phonetic symbols, and make the viewer to perceive them in this manner. Second approach uses the shape resemblance of numbers to the letters. It aims to make the viewer to perceive the numbers as they are and also as letters. Tese new ways of graphic approaches have opened a new window in visual communication and enabled designers to express two or more concepts at the same time. Terefore, the essence of syntax has evolved. Te purpose of this article is to repre- sent the existing design approaches in using numbers as letters and discuss which ones are favorable to express, introduce or promote a message. Moreover, it aims to evaluate some examples to investigate how legibility is afected. Tis article is based on a descriptive analysis to define and sample the existing design approaches of using numbers as letters as well as how the viewer perceives them and how they should be designed in order to deliver the message more eficient. -
STFU NOOB! Predicting Crowdsourced Decisions on Toxic Behavior in Online Games
STFU NOOB! Predicting Crowdsourced Decisions on Toxic Behavior in Online Games Jeremy Blackburn Haewoon Kwak University of South Florida Telefonica Research Tampa, FL, USA Barcelona, Spain [email protected] [email protected] ABSTRACT past two decades, multi-player games have evolved past simple One problem facing players of competitive games is negative, or games like PONG, growing so popular as to spawn an “eSports” toxic, behavior. League of Legends, the largest eSport game, uses industry with professional players competing for millions of dol- a crowdsourcing platform called the Tribunal to judge whether a lars in prize money. Competition has been considered a good game reported toxic player should be punished or not. The Tribunal is a design element for enjoyment, but at the same time, it leads to intra- two stage system requiring reports from those players that directly and inter-group conflicts and naturally leads to aggressive, bad be- observe toxic behavior, and human experts that review aggregated havior. reports. While this system has successfully dealt with the vague Usually, bad behavior in multi-player games is called toxic be- nature of toxic behavior by majority rules based on many votes, it cause numerous players can be exposed to such behavior via games’ naturally requires tremendous cost, time, and human efforts. reliance on player interactions and the damage it does to the com- In this paper, we propose a supervised learning approach for munity. The impact of toxic players is problematic to the gaming predicting crowdsourced decisions on toxic behavior with large- industry. For instance, a quarter of customer support calls to online scale labeled data collections; over 10 million user reports involved game companies are complaints about toxic players [8].