(Elwood Meredith) Beck, Jr. Spring 2011
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University of Cincinnati
UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI Date:_December 13, 2006_ I, James Michael Rhyne______________________________________, hereby submit this work as part of the requirements for the degree of: Doctor of Philosophy in: History It is entitled: Rehearsal for Redemption: The Politics of Post-Emancipation Violence in Kentucky’s Bluegrass Region This work and its defense approved by: Chair: _Wayne K. Durrill_____________ _Christopher Phillips_________ _Wendy Kline__________________ _Linda Przybyszewski__________ Rehearsal for Redemption: The Politics of Post-Emancipation Violence in Kentucky’s Bluegrass Region A Dissertation submitted to the Division of Research and Advanced Studies of the University of Cincinnati in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) in the Department of History of the College of Arts and Sciences 2006 By James Michael Rhyne M.A., Western Carolina University, 1997 M-Div., Southeastern Baptist Theological Seminary, 1989 B.A., Wake Forest University, 1982 Committee Chair: Professor Wayne K. Durrill Abstract Rehearsal for Redemption: The Politics of Post-Emancipation Violence in Kentucky’s Bluegrass Region By James Michael Rhyne In the late antebellum period, changing economic and social realities fostered conflicts among Kentuckians as tension built over a number of issues, especially the future of slavery. Local clashes matured into widespread, violent confrontations during the Civil War, as an ugly guerrilla war raged through much of the state. Additionally, African Americans engaged in a wartime contest over the meaning of freedom. Nowhere were these interconnected conflicts more clearly evidenced than in the Bluegrass Region. Though Kentucky had never seceded, the Freedmen’s Bureau established a branch in the Commonwealth after the war. -
Black History, 1877-1954
THE BRITISH LIBRARY AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY AND LIFE: 1877-1954 A SELECTIVE GUIDE TO MATERIALS IN THE BRITISH LIBRARY BY JEAN KEMBLE THE ECCLES CENTRE FOR AMERICAN STUDIES AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY AND LIFE, 1877-1954 Contents Introduction Agriculture Art & Photography Civil Rights Crime and Punishment Demography Du Bois, W.E.B. Economics Education Entertainment – Film, Radio, Theatre Family Folklore Freemasonry Marcus Garvey General Great Depression/New Deal Great Migration Health & Medicine Historiography Ku Klux Klan Law Leadership Libraries Lynching & Violence Military NAACP National Urban League Philanthropy Politics Press Race Relations & ‘The Negro Question’ Religion Riots & Protests Sport Transport Tuskegee Institute Urban Life Booker T. Washington West Women Work & Unions World Wars States Alabama Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut District of Columbia Florida Georgia Illinois Indiana Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Nebraska Nevada New Jersey New York North Carolina Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania South Carolina Tennessee Texas Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming Bibliographies/Reference works Introduction Since the civil rights movement of the 1960s, African American history, once the preserve of a few dedicated individuals, has experienced an expansion unprecedented in historical research. The effect of this on-going, scholarly ‘explosion’, in which both black and white historians are actively engaged, is both manifold and wide-reaching for in illuminating myriad aspects of African American life and culture from the colonial period to the very recent past it is simultaneously, and inevitably, enriching our understanding of the entire fabric of American social, economic, cultural and political history. Perhaps not surprisingly the depth and breadth of coverage received by particular topics and time-periods has so far been uneven. -
The Bald Knobbers of Southwest Missouri, 1885-1889: a Study of Vigilante Justice in the Ozarks
Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 2011 "The aldB Knobbers of Southwest Missouri, 1885-1889: A Study of Vigilante Justice in the Ozarks." Matthew aJ mes Hernando Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Hernando, Matthew James, ""The aldB Knobbers of Southwest Missouri, 1885-1889: A Study of Vigilante Justice in the Ozarks."" (2011). LSU Doctoral Dissertations. 3884. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/3884 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized graduate school editor of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please [email protected]. THE BALD KNOBBERS OF SOUTHWEST MISSOURI, 1885-1889: A STUDY OF VIGILANTE JUSTICE IN THE OZARKS A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The Department of History by Matthew J. Hernando B.A., Evangel University, 2002 M.A., Assemblies of God Theological Seminary, 2003 M.A., Louisiana Tech University, 2005 May 2011 for my parents, James and Moira Hernando ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Anyone who completes a project of this nature quickly accumulates a list of both personal and professional debts so long that mentioning them all becomes impossible. The people mentioned here, therefore, do not constitute an exhaustive list of all the people who have helped me along the way towards completing this dissertation. -
Florida Historical Quarterly (ISSN 0015-4113) Is Published by the Florida Historical Society, University of South Florida, 4202 E
COVER Black Bahamian community of Coconut Grove, late nineteenth century. This is the entire black community in front of Ralph Munroe’s boathouse. Photograph courtesy Ralph Middleton Munroe Collection, Historical Association of Southern Florida, Miami, Florida. The Historical Volume LXX, Number 4 April 1992 The Florida Historical Quarterly (ISSN 0015-4113) is published by the Florida Historical Society, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, Tampa, FL 33620, and is printed by E. O. Painter Printing Co., DeLeon Springs, FL. Second-class postage paid at Tampa, FL, and at additional mailing office. POST- MASTER: Send address changes to the Florida Historical Society, P. O. Box 290197, Tampa, FL 33687. Copyright 1992 by the Florida Historical Society, Tampa, Florida. THE FLORIDA HISTORICAL QUARTERLY Samuel Proctor, Editor Mark I. Greenberg, Editorial Assistant EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD David R. Colburn University of Florida Herbert J. Doherty University of Florida Michael V. Gannon University of Florida John K. Mahon University of Florida (Emeritus) Joe M. Richardson Florida State University Jerrell H. Shofner University of Central Florida Charlton W. Tebeau University of Miami (Emeritus) Correspondence concerning contributions, books for review, and all editorial matters should be addressed to the Editor, Florida Historical Quarterly, Box 14045, University Station, Gainesville, Florida 32604-2045. The Quarterly is interested in articles and documents pertaining to the history of Florida. Sources, style, footnote form, original- ity of material and interpretation, clarity of thought, and in- terest of readers are considered. All copy, including footnotes, should be double-spaced. Footnotes are to be numbered con- secutively in the text and assembled at the end of the article. -
INFORMATION to USERS This Manuscript Has Been Reproduced
INFO RM A TIO N TO U SER S This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI film s the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be fromany type of con^uter printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependentquality upon o fthe the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and inqjroper alignment can adverse^ afreet reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note wiD indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one e3q)osure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book. Photogr^hs included inoriginal the manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6" x 9" black and white photographic prints are available for aiy photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI direct^ to order. UMJ A Bell & Howell Information Company 300 North Zeeb Road. Ann Arbor. Ml 48106-1346 USA 313.'761-4700 800/521-0600 LAWLESSNESS AND THE NEW DEAL; CONGRESS AND ANTILYNCHING LEGISLATION, 1934-1938 DISSERTATION presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of the Ohio State University By Robin Bernice Balthrope, A.B., J.D., M.A. -
THE CASE for REPARATIONS in TULSA, OKLAHOMA a Human Rights Argument May 2020
HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH THE CASE FOR REPARATIONS IN TULSA, OKLAHOMA A Human Rights Argument May 2020 The Case for Reparations in Tulsa, Oklahoma A Human Rights Argument Summary ............................................................................................................................... 1 Methodology ........................................................................................................................ 4 The Greenwood Massacre and its Legacy ............................................................................. 5 The Massacre ........................................................................................................................ 5 The Massacre’s Aftermath ...................................................................................................... 6 Obstacles to Rebuilding ....................................................................................................... 10 Greenwood Rebuilds, Subsequent Decline ............................................................................ 13 Redlining ....................................................................................................................... 14 “Urban Renewal” ........................................................................................................... 16 Tulsa Today ........................................................................................................................ 20 Poverty, Race, and Geography ............................................................................................. -
Reparations 4.0: Trading in Older Models for a New Vehicle
REPARATIONS 4.0: TRADING IN OLDER MODELS FOR A NEW VEHICLE Valorie E. Douglas* Reparations reappeared in the news even before the murders of George Floyd, Breonna Taylor, Ahmaud Arbery, and others made headlines as modern-day lynchings. As data continue to show the perpetuation of social and economic harm and hardship that Black Americans suffer for being Black Americans, notions of fairness and justice suggest redress for slavery and its rippling harms should be possible. But is it? Generations of powerful Black Americans have spoken against the bitter realities of American law, from Frederick Douglass to Martin Luther King, Jr. to Ta-Nehisi Coates, yet the history of reparations and response by the courts show that moral wrongs do not create legal rights. This Note revisits reparations to examine past efforts and considers how reckoning with and atonement for the past might be successful today. Older models of reparations focused on monetary compensation, but race-conscious remedies are unlikely to survive the Supreme Court’s scrutiny. Instead, reparations emphasizing rehabilitative benefits may be a more effective vehicle today. INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................... 840 I. HARMS .............................................................................................................. 841 II. REPARATIONS AS A MEANS TO REDRESS HARMS ............................................. 845 A. Requirements for Legally Enforceable Reparations Remedies .................. 847 III. OTHER VEHICLES OUTSIDE STATUTORY PRESCRIPTIONS FOR REPARATIONS . 851 A. A Stalled Vehicle: Common Law Torts ..................................................... 851 B. A Stuck Vehicle: Uncompensated “Taking” under the U.S. Constitution . 855 C. A Broken Vehicle: Unjust Enrichment and Restitution in Equity .............. 858 D. Stuck in First Gear: Broad Remedies in General ....................................... 860 * J.D. Candidate, University of Arizona, James E. Rogers College of Law, Class of 2021. -
The Devil Is Watching You: Lynching and Southern Memory, 1940–1970
THE DEVIL IS WATCHING YOU: LYNCHING AND SOUTHERN MEMORY, 1940–1970 A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Cornell University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy by MARI N. CRABTREE August 2014 ©2014 Mari N. Crabtree ii THE DEVIL IS WATCHING YOU: LYNCHING AND SOUTHERN MEMORY, 1940–1970 Mari N. Crabtree, Ph.D. Cornell University, 2014 This dissertation is a cultural history of lynching in African American and white southern memory. Mob violence had become relatively infrequent by 1940, yet it cast a long shadow over the region in the three decades that followed. By mining cultural sources, from folklore and photographs to my own interviews with the relatives of lynching victims, I uncover the ways in which memories of lynching seeped into contemporary conflicts over race and place during the long Civil Rights Era. The protest and counter-protest movements of the 1950s and 1960s garner most of the attention in discussions of racial violence during this period, but I argue that scholars must also be attentive to the memories of lynching that register on what Ralph Ellison called “the lower frequencies” to fully understand these legacies. For instance, African Americans often shielded their children from the most painful memories of local lynchings but would pass on stories about the vengeful ghosts of lynching victims to express their disgust with these unpunished crimes. By interpreting these memories through the lenses of silence, haunting, violence, and protest, I capture a broad range of legacies, from the subtle to the overt, that illustrate how and why lynching maintained its stranglehold on southern culture. -
Racial Terror Lynching, Past and Present Neesha Powell-Twagirumukiza Concepts & Practices of Justice
Enemy Territory By Issue Guest Editor Daniel Tucker The enemy of my enemy is my friend.1 Turn the becomes more ameliorative, but for many proverb around a time or two and you might artists the possibility of using art to engage be able to locate yourself and your allies in the conflict is increasingly urgent. We hope that by confusing terrain of the present. sharing these examples we can all learn what crossing these lines can lead to, and to move The question of how to define an enemy as from healing to accountability. Furthermore, distinct from a friend has been a longstanding knowing this issue was coming out on the preoccupation of politics. Today, some eve of the 2020 elections in the U.S., in the conventions for deciphering alliances have midst of a global coronavirus pandemic, become complicated. For instance, you can’t and in conversation with a wave of uprisings look into someone’s eye or shake their hand against racial injustice, we felt it all the more while safely practicing physical distancing, important to include cultural practitioners and still others are intensified as the ability who may not all define themselves as socially to track a person’s positions through the engaged artists, but who encompass a wide convoluted archive that is the internet. Those range of collaborative creative practices that ideological signposts that render some as seek to confront facist tendencies and redress perpetrators of oppression and others sided the trauma of historical violence. with the angels have also experienced some surprising movements in the current climate Our historical reprint for this issue is Grupo de as fundamental concepts of health and safety Arte Callejero’s (GAC) writing from a decade encourage surprising alliances. -
A History of Civil Rights and Social Change in Pinellas County
VIDEO TRANSCRIPT A History of Civil Rights and Social Change in Pinellas County WATCH THE FULL DOCUMENTARY :05 As the saying goes, every thousand-mile journey begins with the first step. — Martin Luther King Jr. :16 Today's social change advocates can learn a great deal from stories about people who have previously stood together to challenge the status quo and fight for equity. People are capable of profound transformation when working together in social movements. Locally, the black community was part of a national civil rights movement that organized and mobilized to end racial discrimination and gain equal rights. Their stories are lessons in heroism and solidarity. They also reveal the hard, strategic work required to create change. The struggle to end racism in our community is far from over, other types of discrimination such as gender, sexual expression, disability, age, and income also unfairly and unnecessarily take their toll on public health. As we work toward a community where everyone can thrive, there are many new chapters of social change waiting to be written. The Ground We Stand On 1:32 The roots on inequity in Pinellas County started as early as 1528 with Panfilo de Narvaez landed on the shores of Boca Ciega Bay. Spain was exploring the new world looking for gold> Narvaez and his men claimed the lands and the people they encountered for their king and church. With them was Estavanico, Little Stephen, an enslaved man from Morocco, believed to be the first black person on the continent. Narvaez explored Florida along the Gulf Coast in Texas and eventually made his way to northern Mexico to meet up with the rest of his expedition. -
"Vicksburg's Troubles:" Black Participation in the Body Politic
Florida State University Libraries Electronic Theses, Treatises and Dissertations The Graduate School 2012 "Vicksburg's Troubles": Black Participation in the Body Politic and Land Ownership in the Age of Redeemer Violence Albert Dorsey Jr. Follow this and additional works at the FSU Digital Library. For more information, please contact [email protected] THE FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES “VICKSBURG’S TROUBLES:” BLACK PARTICIPATION IN THE BODY POLITIC AND LAND OWNERSHIP IN THE AGE OF REDEEMER VIOLENCE By ALBERT DORSEY JR. A Dissertation submitted to the Department of History in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Degree Awarded: Fall Semester, 2012 Albert Dorsey Jr. defended this dissertation on October 29, 2012. The members of the supervisory committee were: Maxine D. Jones Professor Directing Dissertation Maxine L. Montgomery University Representative James P. Jones Committee Member Jennifer L. Koslow Committee Member The Graduate School has verified and approved the above-named committee members, and certifies that the dissertation has been approved in accordance with university requirements. ii Dedicated to the memory of Ivory Johnson Sr., Mary Florence Johnson, and Ivory Joe Walker iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I am very fortunate to have been given the opportunity to pursue my graduate degrees at Florida State University. I owe a debt of gratitude to Dr. Maxine D. Jones for that. Her scholarly guidance has inspired my intellectual growth and forced me to reach beyond my comfort zone. I have always tried and will continue to try to make her proud. I am also inspired by the words of my late grandparents, Mr. -
"Stranger Fruit": the Lynching of Black Women
“STRANGER FRUIT”: THE LYNCHING OF BALCK WOMEN THE CASES OF ROSA RICHARDSON AND MARIE SCOTT _________________________________________ A Dissertation Presented to The Faculty of the Graduate School At the University of Missouri-Columbia _______________________________________________ In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirement for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy __________________________________ by MARIA DELONGORIA Dr. Robert Weems, Jr., Dissertation Supervisor DECEMBER 2006 © Copyright by Maria DeLongoria 2006 All Rights Reserved The undersigned, appointed by the dean of the Graduate School, have examined the dissertation entitled “STRANGER FRUIT”: THE LYNCHING OF BLACK WOMEN, THE CASES OF ROSA JEFFERSON AND MARIE SCOTT presented by Maria DeLongoria, a candidate for the degree of doctor of philosophy, and herby certify that, in their opinion, it is worthy of acceptance. Professor Robert E. Weems, Jr. Professor Julius E. Thompson Professor John Bullion Professor LeeAnn Whites Professor Sw. Anand Prahlad Acknowledgments I think many people who complete this process feel as though they have the best dissertation committee. I am no different in that aspect except that my committee went above and beyond the call of duty digging themselves from under sixteen inches of snow, on a Saturday afternoon, and for that, I am eternally grateful. To my advisor, Robert E. Weems, Jr.: I can not begin to express my gratitude for your continuous support. My journey has been a long, and at times trying one, but you, with your quiet spirit, were always there to pick up right where we left off. Your commitment to your students is unsurpassed. I have learned a great deal from you during my tenure at the University of Missouri-Columbia, and I take with me the spirit of a scholar and a warrior.