Toward Unraveling the Complexity of Simple Epithelial Keratins in Human Disease
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Keratin 19 Regulates Cell Shape and Cell-Cell Adhesion of MCF7 Cells While Maintaining E-Cadherin Localization at the Cell Surface
Keratin 19 regulates cell shape and cell-cell adhesion of MCF7 cells while maintaining E-cadherin localization at the cell surface Welcome to my poster. This is Sarah Alsharif, a PhD student from the biology department. I am glad to present the work our lab has been doing in the breast cancer field. In fact, after lung cancer, breast cancer is the second cause of death in women worldwide (1). It is estimated that every 18 seconds, approximately one new case of breast cancer is documented (2). No one dies due to cancer itself. The death is because of metastasis which takes place when cancer cells leave a breast in which they are formed and reach other sites such as the brain or lung. Our lab is interested in investigating the mechanism behind metastasis of breast cancer. Metastasis is associated with what is called epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), the process characterized by loss of cell to cell adhesion and expression of epithelial markers such as keratin intermediate filament proteins, as you can see in the first three images of cells. Those filaments are keratins and they are critical for the shape and for maintaining mechanical integrity of epithelial cells via cell to cell complexes called desmosomes. Among different keratins, keratin 19 (K19) is highly expressed in many types of cancer including breast cancer, and is correlated with a worse prognosis (3). Consistently, K19 expression has been reported to be significantly higher in metastatic breast cancer tumor cells compared to primary tumors (4). The role of K19 on mechanical properties of cancer cells for cell migration and possible impact on metastasis in breast cancer patients is still unknown. -
Inhibiting TNIK for Treating Colon Cancer
(19) & (11) EP 2 305 717 A1 (12) EUROPEAN PATENT APPLICATION (43) Date of publication: (51) Int Cl.: 06.04.2011 Bulletin 2011/14 C07K 16/40 (2006.01) C12N 15/11 (2006.01) C12Q 1/48 (2006.01) C12Q 1/68 (2006.01) (2006.01) (21) Application number: 09170853.7 G01N 33/50 (22) Date of filing: 21.09.2009 (84) Designated Contracting States: • Mahmoudi, Tokameh AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR 3515 XS, Utrecht (NL) HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL • Clevers, Johannes Carolus PT RO SE SI SK SM TR 3712 AP, Huis ter Heide (NL) (71) Applicant: KoninklijkeNederlandse Akademie van (74) Representative: Swinkels, Bart Willem Wetenschappen Nederlandsch Octrooibureau 1011 JV Amsterdam (NL) J. W. Frisolaan 13 2517 JS Den Haag (NL) (72) Inventors: • Wing Li, Vivian Sze 3572 SH, Utrecht (NL) (54) Inhibiting TNIK for treating colon cancer (57) The invention relates to an inhibitor of TNIK and its use for treating cancer. EP 2 305 717 A1 Printed by Jouve, 75001 PARIS (FR) EP 2 305 717 A1 Description Field of the invention 5 [0001] The invention relates to an inhibitor of TNIK and its use as a medicament for treating cancer. Background of the invention [0002] The primary function of the intestinal tract involves the digestion and absorption of nutrients. The intestinal 10 lumen is lined with a specialized simple epithelium, which performs the primary functions of digestion, water and nutrient absorption and forms a barrier against luminal pathogens. -
Terhi Helenius Structure in Stress Management – Keratins in Intestinal Stress Protection
Terhi Helenius Terhi Structure in stress management – Keratins in intestinal stress protection stress in intestinal – Keratins management in stress Structure Structure in stress management – Keratins in intestinal stress protection Terhi Helenius ISBN 978-952-12-3474-3 (Print) ISBN 978-952-12-3475-0 (PDF) Painosalama Oy, Turku, Finland 2016 2016 2016 Structure in stress management – Keratins in intestinal stress protection Terhi Helenius Department of Biosciences Faculty of Science and Engineering Åbo Akademi University Doctoral Network of Molecular Biosciences 2016 From the Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University and Doctoral Network of Molecular Biosciences Supervised by PhD Docent Diana M. Toivola Department of Biosciences Åbo Akademi University Finland Reviewed by PhD Bernard M. Corfe Department of Oncology and Metabolism University of Sheffield UK PhD Docent Zhi Chen Turku Center for Biotechnology University of Turku Finland Opponent Professor PhD E. Birgit Lane Institute of Medical Biology Agency for Science, Technology and Research A*STAR Singapore ISBN 978-952-12-3474-3 (Print) ISBN 978-952-12-3475-0 (PDF) Painosalama Oy, Turku, Finland 2016 To my beloved family Now so much I know that things just don't grow If you don't bless them with your patience “Emmylou” First Aid Kit Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................... vii SWEDISH SUMMARY/SVENSK SAMMANFATTNING ............................... -
Review Article Alcohol Induced Liver Disease
J Clin Pathol: first published as 10.1136/jcp.37.7.721 on 1 July 1984. Downloaded from J Clin Pathol 1984;37:721-733 Review article Alcohol induced liver disease KA FLEMING, JO'D McGEE From the University of Oxford, Nuffield Department ofPathology, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, England SUMMARY Alcohol induces a variety of changes in the liver: fatty change, hepatitis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis. The histopathological appearances of these conditions are discussed, with special atten- tion to differential diagnosis. Many forms of alcoholic liver disease are associated with Mallory body formation and fibrosis. Mallory bodies are formed, at least in part, from intermediate filaments. Associated changes in intermediate filament organisation in alcoholic liver disease also occur. Their significance in the pathogenesis of hepatocyte death may be related to abnormalities in messenger RNA function. The mechanisms underlying hepatic fibrogenesis are also discussed. Although alcohol has many effects on the liver, all formed after some period of alcohol abstinence, except cirrhosis are potentially reversible on cessa- alcohol related changes may not be seen. Accord- tion of alcohol ingestion. Cirrhosis is irreversible ingly, we shall consider the morphological changes and usually ultimately fatal. It is therefore important associated with alcohol abuse under the headings in to determine what factors are responsible for Table 1. development of alcohol induced cirrhosis, especially In the second part, the pathogenesis of alcohol since only 17-30% of all alcoholics become' cirrho- induced liver disease will be discussed, but this will tic.' This is of some urgency now, since there has deal only with the induction of alcoholic hepatitis, been an explosive increase in alcohol consumption fibrosis, and cirrhosis-that is, chronic alcoholic http://jcp.bmj.com/ in the Western World, particularly affecting young liver disease-and not with fatty change, for two people, resulting in a dramatic increase in the inci- reasons. -
Quantigene Flowrna Probe Sets Currently Available
QuantiGene FlowRNA Probe Sets Currently Available Accession No. Species Symbol Gene Name Catalog No. NM_003452 Human ZNF189 zinc finger protein 189 VA1-10009 NM_000057 Human BLM Bloom syndrome VA1-10010 NM_005269 Human GLI glioma-associated oncogene homolog (zinc finger protein) VA1-10011 NM_002614 Human PDZK1 PDZ domain containing 1 VA1-10015 NM_003225 Human TFF1 Trefoil factor 1 (breast cancer, estrogen-inducible sequence expressed in) VA1-10016 NM_002276 Human KRT19 keratin 19 VA1-10022 NM_002659 Human PLAUR plasminogen activator, urokinase receptor VA1-10025 NM_017669 Human ERCC6L excision repair cross-complementing rodent repair deficiency, complementation group 6-like VA1-10029 NM_017699 Human SIDT1 SID1 transmembrane family, member 1 VA1-10032 NM_000077 Human CDKN2A cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (melanoma, p16, inhibits CDK4) VA1-10040 NM_003150 Human STAT3 signal transducer and activator of transcripton 3 (acute-phase response factor) VA1-10046 NM_004707 Human ATG12 ATG12 autophagy related 12 homolog (S. cerevisiae) VA1-10047 NM_000737 Human CGB chorionic gonadotropin, beta polypeptide VA1-10048 NM_001017420 Human ESCO2 establishment of cohesion 1 homolog 2 (S. cerevisiae) VA1-10050 NM_197978 Human HEMGN hemogen VA1-10051 NM_001738 Human CA1 Carbonic anhydrase I VA1-10052 NM_000184 Human HBG2 Hemoglobin, gamma G VA1-10053 NM_005330 Human HBE1 Hemoglobin, epsilon 1 VA1-10054 NR_003367 Human PVT1 Pvt1 oncogene homolog (mouse) VA1-10061 NM_000454 Human SOD1 Superoxide dismutase 1, soluble (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 1 (adult)) -
The Correlation of Keratin Expression with In-Vitro Epithelial Cell Line Differentiation
The correlation of keratin expression with in-vitro epithelial cell line differentiation Deeqo Aden Thesis submitted to the University of London for Degree of Master of Philosophy (MPhil) Supervisors: Professor Ian. C. Mackenzie Professor Farida Fortune Centre for Clinical and Diagnostic Oral Science Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry Queen Mary, University of London 2009 Contents Content pages ……………………………………………………………………......2 Abstract………………………………………………………………………….........6 Acknowledgements and Declaration……………………………………………...…7 List of Figures…………………………………………………………………………8 List of Tables………………………………………………………………………...12 Abbreviations….………………………………………………………………..…...14 Chapter 1: Literature review 16 1.1 Structure and function of the Oral Mucosa……………..…………….…..............17 1.2 Maintenance of the oral cavity...……………………………………….................20 1.2.1 Environmental Factors which damage the Oral Mucosa………. ….…………..21 1.3 Structure and function of the Oral Mucosa ………………...….……….………...21 1.3.1 Skin Barrier Formation………………………………………………….……...22 1.4 Comparison of Oral Mucosa and Skin…………………………………….……...24 1.5 Developmental and Experimental Models used in Oral mucosa and Skin...……..28 1.6 Keratinocytes…………………………………………………….….....................29 1.6.1 Desmosomes…………………………………………….…...............................29 1.6.2 Hemidesmosomes……………………………………….…...............................30 1.6.3 Tight Junctions………………………….……………….…...............................32 1.6.4 Gap Junctions………………………….……………….….................................32 -
Identification of Trichoplein, a Novel Keratin Filament- Binding Protein
Research Article 1081 Identification of trichoplein, a novel keratin filament- binding protein Miwako Nishizawa1,*, Ichiro Izawa1,*, Akihito Inoko1,*, Yuko Hayashi1, Koh-ichi Nagata1, Tomoya Yokoyama1,2, Jiro Usukura3 and Masaki Inagaki1,‡ 1Division of Biochemistry, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, 1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8681, Japan 2Department of Dermatology, Mie University Faculty of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu 514-8507, Japan 3Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan *These authors contributed equally to this work ‡Author for correspondence (e-mail: [email protected]) Accepted 29 November 2004 Journal of Cell Science 118, 1081-1090 Published by The Company of Biologists 2005 doi:10.1242/jcs.01667 Summary Keratins 8 and 18 (K8/18) are major components of the antibody in a complex with K8/18 and immunostaining intermediate filaments (IFs) of simple epithelia. We report revealed that trichoplein colocalized with K8/18 filaments here the identification of a novel protein termed in HeLa cells. In polarized Caco-2 cells, trichoplein trichoplein. This protein shows a low degree of sequence colocalized not only with K8/18 filaments in the apical similarity to trichohyalin, plectin and myosin heavy chain, region but also with desmoplakin, a constituent of and is a K8/18-binding protein. Among interactions desmosomes. In the absorptive cells of the small intestine, between trichoplein and various IF proteins that we trichoplein colocalized with K8/18 filaments at the apical tested using two-hybrid methods, trichoplein interacted cortical region, and was also concentrated at desmosomes. -
Immunohistochemistry in Undifferentiated Neoplasm/Tumor of Uncertain Origin
Immunohistochemistry in Undifferentiated Neoplasm/Tumor of Uncertain Origin Fan Lin, MD, PhD; Haiyan Liu, MD Context.—Immunohistochemistry has become an indis- predict prognostic outcomes, it is crucial to differentiate pensable ancillary study in the identification and classifi- the specific lineage of an undifferentiated neoplasm. cation of undifferentiated neoplasms/tumors of uncertain Application of appropriate immunohistochemical panels origin. The diagnostic accuracy has significantly improved enables the accurate classification of most undifferentiated because of the continuous discoveries of tissue-specific neoplasms. Knowing the utilities and pitfalls of each tissue- biomarkers and the development of effective immunohis- specific biomarker is essential for avoiding potential tochemical panels. diagnostic errors because an absolutely tissue-specific Objectives.—To identify and classify undifferentiated biomarker is exceptionally rare. We review frequently neoplasms/tumors of uncertain origin by immunohisto- used tissue-specific biomarkers, provide effective panels, chemistry. and recommend diagnostic algorithms as a standard Data Sources.—Literature review and authors’ research approach to undifferentiated neoplasms. data and personal practice experience were used. (Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2014;138:1583–1610; doi: Conclusions.—To better guide therapeutic decisions and 10.5858/arpa.2014-0061-RA) fter an extensive workup, combining clinical, radiologic, trefoil factor (TFF) 1, ankyrin repeat domain 30A (NY-BR-1), A morphologic, and -
Knock-Out Validated Antibodies from Cloud-Clone Cat.No
Knock-out validated antibodies from Cloud-Clone Cat.No. Target PAA778Hu01 B-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma 2 (Bcl2) PAL763Hu01 Myxovirus Resistance 1 (MX1) PAB698Hu01 Lactate Dehydrogenase B (LDHB) PAA009Hu01 Angiopoietin 2 (ANGPT2) PAA849Ra01 Glycogen Phosphorylase, Liver (PYGL) PAA153Hu01 Alpha-Fetoprotein (aFP) PAF460Hu01 Folate Receptor 1, Adult (FOLR1) PAB233Hu01 Cyclin Dependent Kinase 4 (CDK4) PAA150Hu04 Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) PAB905Hu01 Interleukin 7 Receptor (IL7R) PAC823Hu01 Thymidine Kinase 1, Soluble (TK1) PAH838Hu01 Isocitrate Dehydrogenase 2, mitochondrial (IDH2) PAK078Mu01 Fas Associating Death Domain Containing Protein (FADD) PAA537Hu01 Enolase, Neuron Specific (NSE) PAA651Hu01 Hyaluronan Binding Protein 1 (HABP1) PAB215Hu02 Fibrinogen Beta (FGb) PAB769Hu01 S100 Calcium Binding Protein A6 (S100A6) PAB231Hu01 Keratin 18 (KRT18) PAH839Hu01 Isocitrate Dehydrogenase 1, Soluble (IDH1) PAE748Hu01 Karyopherin Alpha 2 (KPNa2) PAB081Hu02 Heat Shock 70kDa Protein 1A (HSPA1A) PAA778Mu01 B-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma 2 (Bcl2) PAA853Hu03 Caspase 8 (CASP8) PAA399Mu01 High Mobility Group Protein 1 (HMG1) PAA303Mu01 Galectin 3 (GAL3) PAA537Mu02 Enolase, Neuron Specific (NSE) PAA994Ra01 Acid Phosphatase 1 (ACP1) PAB083Ra01 Superoxide Dismutase 2, Mitochondrial (SOD2) PAB449Mu01 Enolase, Non Neuronal (NNE) PAA376Mu01 Actinin Alpha 2 (ACTN2) PAA553Ra01 Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) PAA929Bo01 Retinol Binding Protein 4, Plasma (RBP4) PAA491Ra02 Keratin 2 (KRT2) PAC025Hu01 Keratin 8 (KRT8) PAB231Mu01 Keratin 18 (KRT18) PAC598Hu03 Vanin 1 (VNN1) -
Loss of Keratin 13 in Oral Carcinoma in Situ: a Comparative Study of Protein and Gene Expression Levels Using Paraffin Sections
Modern Pathology (2012) 25, 784–794 784 & 2012 USCAP, Inc. All rights reserved 0893-3952/12 $32.00 Loss of keratin 13 in oral carcinoma in situ: a comparative study of protein and gene expression levels using paraffin sections Hiroko Ida-Yonemochi1,2,3, Satoshi Maruyama3, Takanori Kobayashi3, Manabu Yamazaki1, Jun Cheng1 and Takashi Saku1,3 1Division of Oral Pathology, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan; 2Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology of the Hard Tissue, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan and 3Oral Pathology Section, Department of Surgical Pathology, Niigata University Hospital, Niigata, Japan Immunohistochemical loss of keratin (K)13 is one of the most valuable diagnostic criteria for discriminating carcinoma in situ (CIS) from non-malignancies in the oral mucosa while K13 is stably immunolocalized in the prickle cells of normal oral epithelium. To elucidate the molecular mechanism for the loss of K13, we compared the immunohistochemical profiles for K13 and K16 which is not expressed in normal epithelia, but instead enhanced in CIS, with their mRNA levels by in-situ hybridization in formalin-fixed paraffin sections prepared from 23 CIS cases of the tongue, which were surgically removed. Reverse transcriptase-PCR was also performed using RNA samples extracted from laser-microdissected epithelial fragments of the serial paraffin sections in seven of the cases. Although more enhanced expression levels for K16 were confirmed at both the protein and gene levels in CIS in these seven cases, the loss of K13 was associated with repressed mRNA levels in four cases, but not in the other three cases. -
Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell–Derived Podocytes Mature Into Vascularized Glomeruli Upon Experimental Transplantation
BASIC RESEARCH www.jasn.org Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell–Derived Podocytes Mature into Vascularized Glomeruli upon Experimental Transplantation † Sazia Sharmin,* Atsuhiro Taguchi,* Yusuke Kaku,* Yasuhiro Yoshimura,* Tomoko Ohmori,* ‡ † ‡ Tetsushi Sakuma, Masashi Mukoyama, Takashi Yamamoto, Hidetake Kurihara,§ and | Ryuichi Nishinakamura* *Department of Kidney Development, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, and †Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; ‡Department of Mathematical and Life Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; §Division of Anatomy, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; and |Japan Science and Technology Agency, CREST, Kumamoto, Japan ABSTRACT Glomerular podocytes express proteins, such as nephrin, that constitute the slit diaphragm, thereby contributing to the filtration process in the kidney. Glomerular development has been analyzed mainly in mice, whereas analysis of human kidney development has been minimal because of limited access to embryonic kidneys. We previously reported the induction of three-dimensional primordial glomeruli from human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. Here, using transcription activator–like effector nuclease-mediated homologous recombination, we generated human iPS cell lines that express green fluorescent protein (GFP) in the NPHS1 locus, which encodes nephrin, and we show that GFP expression facilitated accurate visualization of nephrin-positive podocyte formation in -
Supplementary Material Contents
Supplementary Material Contents Immune modulating proteins identified from exosomal samples.....................................................................2 Figure S1: Overlap between exosomal and soluble proteomes.................................................................................... 4 Bacterial strains:..............................................................................................................................................4 Figure S2: Variability between subjects of effects of exosomes on BL21-lux growth.................................................... 5 Figure S3: Early effects of exosomes on growth of BL21 E. coli .................................................................................... 5 Figure S4: Exosomal Lysis............................................................................................................................................ 6 Figure S5: Effect of pH on exosomal action.................................................................................................................. 7 Figure S6: Effect of exosomes on growth of UPEC (pH = 6.5) suspended in exosome-depleted urine supernatant ....... 8 Effective exosomal concentration....................................................................................................................8 Figure S7: Sample constitution for luminometry experiments..................................................................................... 8 Figure S8: Determining effective concentration .........................................................................................................