BJAA Working with Difference
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Attachment Styles and Use of Defense Mechanisms: a Study of the Adult Attachment Projective and Cramer's Defense Mechanism Scale
University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 8-2006 Attachment Styles and Use of Defense Mechanisms: A Study of the Adult Attachment Projective and Cramer's Defense Mechanism Scale Paul Matthew Hoffman University of Tennessee, Knoxville Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss Part of the Education Commons Recommended Citation Hoffman, Paul Matthew, "Attachment Styles and Use of Defense Mechanisms: A Study of the Adult Attachment Projective and Cramer's Defense Mechanism Scale. " PhD diss., University of Tennessee, 2006. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/4254 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a dissertation written by Paul Matthew Hoffman entitled "Attachment Styles and Use of Defense Mechanisms: A Study of the Adult Attachment Projective and Cramer's Defense Mechanism Scale." I have examined the final electronic copy of this dissertation for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, with a major in Philosophy. Leonard Handler, Major Professor We have read this dissertation and recommend -
A Study of the Application of the Concepts of Karen Horney in Leadership Development Within the National Management Association of the Boeing Company
Pepperdine University Pepperdine Digital Commons Theses and Dissertations 2010 A study of the application of the concepts of Karen Horney in leadership development within the National Management Association of the Boeing company Frank Z. Nunez Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.pepperdine.edu/etd Recommended Citation Nunez, Frank Z., "A study of the application of the concepts of Karen Horney in leadership development within the National Management Association of the Boeing company" (2010). Theses and Dissertations. 90. https://digitalcommons.pepperdine.edu/etd/90 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by Pepperdine Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Pepperdine Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]. Pepperdine University Graduate School of Education and Psychology A STUDY OF THE APPLICATION OF THE CONCEPTS OF KAREN HORNEY IN LEADERSHIP DEVELOPMENT WITHIN THE NATIONAL MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION OF THE BOEING COMPANY A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Education in Organizational Change by Frank V. Nunez November, 2010 Susan Nero, Ph.D.– Dissertation Chairperson This dissertation, written by Frank V. Nunez under the guidance of a Faculty Committee and approved by its members, has been submitted to and accepted by the Graduate Faculty in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF EDUCATION Doctoral Committee: Susan Nero, Ph.D., Chairperson Rogelio Martinez, Ed.D. Kent Rhodes, Ph.D. © Copyright by Frank V. Nunez (2010) All Rights Reserved TABLE OF CONTENTS Page LIST OF TABLES ........................................................................................................... -
A Counter-Theory of Transference
A Counter-Theory of Transference John M. Shlien, Harvard University "Transference" is a fiction, invented and maintained by the therapist to protect himself from the consequences of his own behavior. To many, this assertion will seem an exaggeration, an outrage, an indictment. It is presented here as a serious hypothesis, charging a highly invested profession with the task of re-examining a fundamental concept in practice. It is not entirely new to consider transference as a defense. Even its proponents cast it among the defense mechanisms when they term it a "projection". But they mean that the defense is on the part of the patient. My assertion suggests a different type of defense; denial or distortion, and on the part of the therapist. Mine is not an official position in client-centered therapy. There is none. Carl Rogers has dealt with the subject succinctly, in about twenty pages (1951, pp. 198-217), a relatively brief treatment of a matter that has taken up volumes of the literature in the fleld.[1] "In client-centered therapy, this involved and persistent dependency relationship does not tend to develop" (p. 201), though such transference attitudes are evident in a considerable proportion of cases handled by client-centered therapists. Transference is not fostered or cultivated by this present-time oriented framework where intensive exploration of early childhood is not required, and where the therapist is visible and available for reality resting. While Rogers knows of the position taken here and has, I believe, been influenced by it since its first presentation in 1959, he has never treated the transference topic as an issue of dispute. -
Clinical Ethnocultural Transference and Countertransference in The
Amer. J. Orthops-ychiat. 61(3), July 1991 CLINICAL ETHNOCULTURAL TRANSFERENCE AND COUNTERTRANSFERENCE IN THE THERAPEUTIC DYAD Lillian Comas-Diaz, Ph.D., and Frederick M. Jacobsen, M.D., M.P,H. The relevance and validity of ethnocultural factors in transference and countertransference reactions are proposed. Some of those prevalent in dyadic psychotherapy are described, focusing on intra-ethnic and inter-ethnic dyads. Case vignettes are presented to illustrate the ways in which et/rnocultura.lfactors serve as catalystsfor such major therapeutic issues as trust, ambivalence, anger, and acceptance of disparate parts of the self he influences of culture and etlmicity tients since social images of blacks make T on the psychotherapeutic process have them easier targets for therapists’ projec- been previously acknowledged (Devereu.x, tions. Similarly, Spiegel (1965) asserted that 1953; Gr~7th,1977; Tic/to, 1971), and have working with patients from different cul- recently been recognized as key factors in tural backgrounds engenders a very com- therapy(Comas-D(az & Gr(ffith, 1988; Dud- plicated strain within the therapist. Psycho- ley & Rawlins, 1985; Goleman, 1989; therapy with the ethnoculturally different McGoldrick, Pearce, & Giordano, 1982). patient frequently provides more opportu- While some of these influences are imme- nities for empathic and dynamic stumbling diately available to the senses (sights, blocks, in what might be termed “ethno- sounds, smells, etc.), it has been postulated cultural disorientation.” that every culture also has its own unique In traditional therapeutic orientations,pa- form of unconscious (Hall, 1981), which tients’ racial and ethnic remarks in therapy may have powerful effects on the process have been attributed to a defensive shift of psychotherapy. -
Noah's Arkism, 21St Century Style
NEWS, ANALYSIS, OPINION FOR THE PSYCHOANALYTIC COMMUNITY|ISSUE 29 AUTUMN 2019 Climate Emergency Climate Emergency – Review – Woman Diary – events – Getting Real Extinction Rebellion at War listing 5Noah’s Arkism,11 21 29 21st century style Sally Weintrobe “as I looked out into the night sky across all see the reality more clearly. They struggle those infinite stars it made me realize how with alterations in their self-view and may unimportant they are” rage, grieve and find it hard to think in proportion about their own responsibility. Peter Cook, comedian They are tasked with ‘working through’, ost of us have been including working through depressive and living in a bubble of persecutory guilt. When in the climate disavowal about global bubble, personal responsibility and guilt heating. We were can be projected onto and spread out awareM it was happening, but we minimized over social groups all ‘in it together’, ‘it’ its impacts. What might people be feeling being a high carbon lifestyle. When the as they emerge from the climate bubble? bubble bursts, people are vulnerable There is no space here adequately to to experiencing the shock of what was explore this, so I will look at just two issues. comfortably projected being suddenly returned. First, we know people find it difficult to emerge from a psychic retreat from reality. For example, I was talking with a friend They are in danger of feeling flooded with who said people are shooting kangaroos anxiety, shock, shame and guilt as they in Australia now. Kangaroos are dying of Continues on page 2 NEW ASSOCIATIONS | ISSUE 29 AUTUMN 2019 2 thirst because of global heating and people love and grief. -
Prospects for Lacanian Psychoanalysis in Law Richard E
Washington and Lee Law Review Volume 54 | Issue 3 Article 9 Summer 6-1-1997 Does Law Need an Analyst? Prospects for Lacanian Psychoanalysis in Law Richard E. Redding Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarlycommons.law.wlu.edu/wlulr Part of the Jurisprudence Commons, and the Law and Psychology Commons Recommended Citation Richard E. Redding, Does Law Need an Analyst? Prospects for Lacanian Psychoanalysis in Law, 54 Wash. & Lee L. Rev. 1119 (1997), https://scholarlycommons.law.wlu.edu/wlulr/vol54/iss3/9 This Book Review is brought to you for free and open access by the Washington and Lee Law Review at Washington & Lee University School of Law Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Washington and Lee Law Review by an authorized editor of Washington & Lee University School of Law Scholarly Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Book Review Does Law Need an Analyst? Prospects for Lacanian Psychoanalysis in Law LACAN AND THE SUBJECT OF LAW: TOWARD A PSYCHOANALYTIC CRITI- CAL LEGAL THEORY. By David S. Caudill. Atlantic Highlands, NJ: Humanities Press, 1997. 206 pp. $15.95 paper, $49.95 cloth. Reviewed by Richard E. Redding The debate continues over the merits of French psychoanalytic theorist Jacques Lacan - was he a "charlatan"' or an "intellectual hero?"2 Enter David Caudill's book, Lacan and the Subject oftaw: Toward a Psychoana- lytic CriticalLegal Theory.3 In providing practical applications of Lacan to the law, the book will no doubt be seen as an important contribution in resolving the debate. Caudill, a law professor with a Ph.D. -
The Psychodynamics of Climate Change Denial
The Psychodynamics of Climate Change Denial The Psychodynamics of Climate Change Denial: The Need for an Ecopsychoanalysis CHARLES LE FEUVRE Socioanalysis 14: 2012 (13 - 23) Climate change denial can be seen in various ways and a psychodynamic view has much to contribute. This paper looks at denial from a descriptive and psychodynamic perspective. Freud’s views about denial are summarized. The views of John Steiner are of particular importance as they offer a differentiation between turning a blind eye and omnipotence. As a defence mechanism, denial protects us from various anxieties. The anxieties aroused by climate change will be discussed from a descriptive and psychodynamic perspective noting in particular the unconscious processes described by the psychoanalyst Harold Searles. Within psychology and psychoanalysis there has been much denial of the psychological importance of the natural environment. Some psychoanalytic and other relevant views of the psychological significance of the natural environment will be discussed. It will be argued that there is a need for an ecopsychoanalysis, made more urgent by climate change. Keywords: Psychodynamics; Denial; Climate Change; Ecopsychoanalysis Denial- a descriptive and psychodynamic perspective Freud used three words which relate to denial or negation: Verdrängung, Verleugnung and Verwerfung (Laplanche & Pontalis, 1973). Verdrängung (repression) was the first term he used in relation to denial. He used it to refer to defence in general but later more specifically as the means whereby mental representations are made unconscious in neurosis. External reality is accepted, but may be repressed from consciousness. Freud used the term Verleugnung (disavowal) to describe the situation of both knowing and not knowing about external reality. -
Denial Defense Mechanism Example
Denial Defense Mechanism Example Is Thibaud enjoyable when Talbot hewings hitherward? Muffin remains disfigured: she tablings her pogroms trigging too outdoors? Ranging and Tatarian Winnie always applies omnisciently and flews his Falashas. Expected to believe in conflict or reality or neglected as denial defense mechanism example, it is related and acts stand ogives, approaching and adolescent. What defense mechanism is when predominating, defenses are important, you should note that you are not the example, that a dog. In legislation, this could lead up in unexpected ways. Her five years and impulses directed at workto your ability can change by freud include avoidance? But denial defense mechanism example of. You direct opposite belief in denial has been intimate relationships with the example, confronting his reflections are two different object. Dealing with strong, denial defense mechanism example. Some aspect only a recent success or a pathological? At the defense mechanism that neither of a person has sexual assault. Why seek we need Ego defenses? When they believe that distract attention away rather fall along with denial defense mechanism example, but also involve? Using avoidance where thoughts, a tremendous bereavement, feelings onto their denial! This defense mechanism examples refer to denial are therefore, defenses operate on the need to know that related and girls than patients. Both professional specialties in this mechanism to take on the person to the wife. He graduated from having more like denial play out and denial defense mechanism example: decreasing or are. They take on. The get of failed predictions and the prominent of unhappiness is are people start to overestimate the torture that present events will buzz in various future. -
Defense Mechanisms.Pdf
Defense Mechanisms According to Sigmund Freud, who originated the Defense Mechanism theory, Defense Mechanisms occur when our ego cannot meet the demands of reality. They are psychological strategies brought into play by the unconscious mind to manipulate, deny or distort reality so as to maintain a socially acceptable self-image. Healthy people normally use these mechanisms throughout life. it becomes pathological only when its persistent use leads to maladaptive behavior such that the physical and/or mental health of the individual is adversely affected. The purpose of ego defense mechanisms is to protect the mind/self/ego from anxiety and/or social sanctions and/or to provide a refuge from a situation with which one cannot currently cope. Defense mechanisms are unconscious coping mechanisms that reduce anxiety generated by threats from unacceptable impulses In 1977, psychologist George Vaillant took Freud’s theory and built upon it by categorizing them, placing Freud’s mechanisms on a continuum related to their psychoanalytical developmental level. Level 1: Pathological Defenses The mechanisms on this level, when predominating, almost always are severely pathological. These six defense’s, in conjunction, permit one to effectively rearrange external experiences to eliminate the need to cope with reality. The pathological users of these mechanisms frequently appear irrational or insane to others. These are the "psychotic" defense’s, common in overt psychosis. However, they are found in dreams and throughout childhood as well. They include: Delusional Projection: Delusions about external reality, usually of a persecutory nature. Conversion: the expression of an intra-psychic conflict as a physical symptom; some examples include blindness, deafness, paralysis, or numbness. -
Defense Mechanisms
CLINICAL EDUCATION AND INTERVENTIONS FOR DEFENSE STRUCTURES OF CO-OCCURRING POPULATIONS Brian G. Lengfelder LCPC, CAADC, CCJP, SAP, MAC, CSAT, CMAT, ACRPS WHAT CONSTITUTES DEFENSE MECHANISMS • The term ‘defense mechanisms’ was coined over 100 years ago to describe a construct of psychological mechanisms for coping with intrapsychic conflicts. • Defense mechanisms and conflicts are two hypothetical constructs that have remained at the core of psychodynamic approaches to understanding and treating clinical psychopathology. • Defense mechanisms mediate between an individual’s wishes, needs, and affects on the one hand, and both internalized object relations and external reality on the other. Freud, S. The neuro-psychosis of defense, in Strachey, J. (ed.): The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud, London, Hogarth, (original work published 1894), 1962, pp. 43-68. DEFENSE MECHANISMS DEFINED • Mechanisms that mediate the individual’s reaction to emotional conflicts and to external stressors. Some defense mechanisms (e.g., projection, splitting, acting out) are almost invariably maladaptive. Others (e.g., suppression, denial) may be either maladaptive or adaptive, depending on their severity, their inflexibility, and the context in which they occur. 2013, DSM-5 American Psychiatric Association DEFENSE MECHANISMS DEFINED • Defense mechanisms (or coping styles) are automatic psychological processes that protect the individual against anxiety and from the awareness of internal or external dangers or stressors. Individuals -
Transference and Countertransference and the Trauma Triangle: Ethics 3 Hours
TRANSFERENCE AND COUNTERTRANSFERENCE AND THE TRAUMA TRIANGLE: ETHICS 3 HOURS ROSALIE W. HYDE LCSW FACULTY CO-FOUNDER THE HOUSTON GALVESTON TRAUMA INSITUTE PRIVATE PRACTICE 3100 RICHMOND Ave #110 Houston Texas 77098 713-960-8450 [email protected] SUPERVISOR/TEXAS SOCIAL WORK LICENSURE CONSULTATION: INDIVIDUAL AND GROUP “EASIER SAID THAN DONE” Boundaries are the limits that allow for a safe connection based on the client’s needs. The law and our professional Codes of Ethics by themselves cannot address most of the situations encountered by therapists and their clients in the difficult work of psychotherapy with traumatized people. The law and code are both narrative and literal and the real territory of ethics is ruled by more implicit boundaries, which prohibit actions that betray the client and the therapist. This unchartered territory is the dangerous ground of the therapy relationship, and in which we must steady our course to make rational, relational decisions to protect the client, the relationship and ourselves. THE TRAUMA TRIANGLE VICTIM PERPETRATOR WITNESS/ RESCUER COLLUDING OR POWERLESS TRAUMATIC EXPERIENCES Psychological trauma can be anything that is too much for the person to manage emotionally. There are a variety of life events that are traumatic to a person, including some experiences that for one person may be overwhelming and not overwhelming to another. For Example: SEXUAL ABUSE PHYSICAL ABUSE/BATTERING RAPE FEMALE GENITAL MUTILATION NEGLECT EXPERIENCE OF BEING OVER-CONTROLLED OR MONITORED EXPERIENCE OF BEING CRITICIZED OR BLAMED WITNESS TO ABUSE OF ANY KIND TO ANOTHER TORTURE/IMPRISONMENT POVERTY/HUNGER WAR/COMBAT TRAUMA EARLY LOSS OF A PARENT LOSS OF A CHILD OR SIBLING DISABILITY/ CHRONIC ILLNESS IN A PARENT / SIBLING CHRONIC ILLNESS, REPEATED HOSPITALIZATIONS, TERMINAL ILLNESS ACCIDENTS: AUTO, FIRE, MANUFACTURING, ETC. -
The Balance of Personality
The Balance of Personality The Balance of Personality CHRIS ALLEN PORTLAND STATE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY The Balance of Personality by Chris Allen is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted. The Balance of Personality Copyright © by Chris Allen is licensed under an Attribution NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International, except where otherwise noted. Contents Preface ix Acknowledgements x Front Cover Photo: x Special Thanks to: x Open Educational Resources xi Introduction 1 1. Personality Traits 3 Introduction 3 Facets of Traits (Subtraits) 7 Other Traits Beyond the Five-Factor Model 8 The Person-Situation Debate and Alternatives to the Trait Perspective 10 2. Personality Stability 17 Introduction 18 Defining Different Kinds of Personality Stability 19 The How and Why of Personality Stability and Change: Different Kinds of Interplay Between Individuals 22 and Their Environments Conclusion 25 3. Personality Assessment 30 Introduction 30 Objective Tests 31 Basic Types of Objective Tests 32 Other Ways of Classifying Objective Tests 35 Projective and Implicit Tests 36 Behavioral and Performance Measures 38 Conclusion 39 Vocabulary 39 4. Sigmund Freud, Karen Horney, Nancy Chodorow: Viewpoints on Psychodynamic Theory 43 Introduction 43 Core Assumptions of the Psychodynamic Perspective 45 The Evolution of Psychodynamic Theory 46 Nancy Chodorow’s Psychoanalytic Feminism and the Role of Mothering 55 Quiz 60 5. Carl Jung 63 Carl Jung: Analytic Psychology 63 6. Humanistic and Existential Theory: Frankl, Rogers, and Maslow 78 HUMANISTIC AND EXISTENTIAL THEORY: VIKTOR FRANKL, CARL ROGERS, AND ABRAHAM 78 MASLOW Carl Rogers, Humanistic Psychotherapy 85 Vocabulary and Concepts 94 7.