DOCSLIB.ORG

Thickness of Tidemark in Enthesis Fibrocartilage at Distal Epiphyseal Attachment of Quadriceps Tendon and Semimembranosus Tendon

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College (JRMC); 2015;19(3):258-259 Original Article Thickness of Tidemark in Enthesis Fibrocartilage at Distal Epiphyseal Attachment of Quadriceps Tendon and Semimembranosus Tendon Tahzeeb-Ul-Hassan1, Amer Qayum1, Tassaduq Hussain 2 1.Department of Anatomy, Rawalpindi Medical College Rawalpindi;2.Central Park Medical College, Lahore. Abstract interface. Microscopically it has four zones. These include pure ligament or tendon, uncalcified Background: To compare width of zone of fibrocartilage, calcified fibrocartilage and bone. Zones tidemark at distal attachment of quadriceps tendon of uncalcified fibrocartilage and calcified fibrocartilage and semimembranosus tendon by routine histology are collectively called enthesis fibrocartilage.3-6 in view of their role as mechanical barrier and site Enthesis fibrocartilage reduces wear and tear and for osteoarthritic live degenerative changes. forms one of the protective devices. Enthesis Methods: The specimens of right sided distal fibrocartilage is also the site of pathological changes attachment of quadriceps tendon on patella and during ankylosis spondylitis and semimembranosus tendon on tibia were collected spondyloarthopathies. The layers of calcified and from 20 male cadavers of adult age not beyond 40 uncalcified fibrocartilage at an enthesis are separated years from autopsy room, within 24 hours of death. by calcification front called as tidemark.7,8 Although After fixation, dehydration and processing 5um tidemark separates the calcified and uncalcified serial sections were cut at 500um interval along the fibrocartilages, the collagen fibers in two layers are long axis of the tendons. The varying thickness of continuous.9,10 The tidemark is smooth at sites with tidemark were calculated. much uncalcified fibrocartilage.5 Results: There were four zones at the attachment sites. These included (1) tendon (2) uncalcified Patients and Methods fibrocartilage, (3) calcified fibrocartilage, (4) bone. From central portion of attachment zones of The zone of uncalcified fibrocartilage was separated quadriceps tendon (group A) and semimembranosus from calcified fibrocartilage by calcification front tendon (group B), strips approximately 3mm were called tidemark. There were marked differences in taken. The specimens were taken from right sided width of zone of tidemark between quadriceps knee joints (devoid of gross pathological changes) of tendon and semimembranosus tendon insertion. 20 male humans not beyond 40 years old from autopsy Conclusion: The thickness of zone of tidemark is room of District Headquarter Hospital, Rawalpindi. greater in semimembranosus tendon than The specimen were fixed in 10% neutral buffered quadriceps tendon. As quadriceps tendon is strong formalin, decalcified in 2% nitric acid (end point being extensor with greater mobility and exert more force determined by palpation), dehydrated with graded than semimembranosus which is one of weak flexor alcohols, cleared in inhibisol and embedded in of knee joint, so width tidemark is more in paramat. Serial sections were cut at 5um and two semimembronosus tendon than quadriceps tendon. sections were obtained after each 500µm interval along Key Words: Epiphysis, Quadriceps tendon, the long axis of the tendons and stained with hematoxyline and eosin. The width of tidemark was Semimembranosus tendon, Tidemark measured with the help of ocular micrometer. The Introduction arithmetic mean of observations and standard error of The enthesis is the point of insertion of the tendon, the means were calculated. t--test was used to analyse ligament, joint capsule or fascia to bone.1,2 There are the significant difference between two group A & B. two types of enthesis. Fibrous enthesis and The difference was regarded significant, if the p-value fibrocartilaginous enthesis. Fibrous enthesis is was equal to or less than 0.05. characterized by pure dense fibrous connective tissue Results that links the tendon or ligament to the bone. The There were striking differences between the width of fibrocartilaginous enthesis is characterized by a zone of tidemark at insertion of quadriceps tendon transitional zone of fibrocartilage at bone-tendon and semimembranosus tendon (Table 1). The width of 258 Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College (JRMC); 2015;19(3):258-259 zone of tidemark was greater in tendon of The present study suggested that there were striking semimembranosus (mean 0.2440um ± 0.03089), i.e, it differences in the width of zone of tidemark at the exceeded the width of zone of tidemark in quadriceps epiphyseal attachment sites of quadriceps tendon and tendon. (mean 0.1167um ± 0.01234) (Table 1;Figure 1 & semimembranosus tendon. The thickness of zone of 2. tidemark was maximum in semimembranosus tendon Table 1: Comparison of width of tidemark in than quadriceps tendon. As quadriceps tendon is group A & B strong extensor, it exerts more force and mobility, so Mean Std. Std. Error tidemark is smooth and less in thickness than Group N (um) Deviation Mean semimembranosus which is one of flexor of knee joint. Tidemarks GroupA 20 0.1167 0.01234 0.00319 GroupB 20 0.2440 0.03089 0.00798 Conclusion Uncalcified 1.The thickness of tidemark was greater in fibrocartilage semimembranosus tendon than quadriceps tendon. 2.As quadriceps tendon is strong extensor with greater mobility and exerts more force so tidemark is smooth Calcified fibrocartilage and decreased in thickness than semimembranosus. Tidemark Bon References e 1. Dolgo-Saburoff B. Uber ursprung und insertion der Skelettmuskeln. Anat Anz 1929; 68: 8–87. Figure 1:Quadriceps tendon insertion into patella (group 2. Benjamin M, Evans EJ, Copp L. The histology of tendon attachments to bone in man. J Anat 1986;149:89-100. A), showing nuclei of chondrocytes (Nc) in the zone of 3. Redler I, Mow VC, Zimny ML, Mansell J. The ultrastructure and uncalcified fibrocartilage: tidemark, calcified biomechanical significance of the tidemark of articular cartilage. fibrocartilage, lamellar bone. 1040, H&E stain Clin Orthop 1975;112:357-62. 4. Havelka S and Horn V. Observations on the tidemark and Uncalcified calcified layer of articular cartilage. Biology of the synovial joint fibrocartilage 1999;331-46. 5. Kumar P, Oka M, Nakamura T, Yamamuro T. Mechanical strength of osteochondral junction. Nippon Seikeigeka Gakkai Tidemark zasshi 1991;65:1070-77. 6. Lane LB and Bullough PG. Age-related changes in the thickness Calcified of the calcified zone and the number of tidemarks in adult fibrocartilage human articular cartilage. J Bone Jt Surg 1980;62B:372-75. 7. Woo S, Maynard J, Butler D, Lyon R. Ligament, tendon, and joint Bone capsule insertions to bone. American Acadamy of Orthopaedic Surgery. 1988;133-66. Figure 2: Semimembranosus tendon insertion into tibia 8. Benjamin M, Kumai T, Milz S, Boszczyk BM. The skeletal attachment of tendons–tendon ‘entheses’. Comp Biochem Physiol (group B), showing nuclei of chondrocytes (Nc) in the zone A Mol Integr Physiol 2002;133:931-45 of uncalcified fibrocartilage, tidemark, calcified 9. Lu HH and Thomopoulos S. Functional attachment of soft tissues fibrocartilage, lamellar bone. 1040, H&E stain to bone: development, healing, and tissue engineering. Annu Rev Biomed Eng 2013;15:201–26 Discussion 10. Padulo J, Oliva F, Frizziero A, Maffulli N. Muscles, Ligaments and An enthesis is the attachment of tendon, ligament or Tendons Journal. Basic principles and recommendations in 7,8 clinical and field science research. MLTJ 2013;4:250–52 capsule to bone. It is also called insertional complex. 11. Lyons TJ, Stoddart RW, McClure SF. The tidemark of the Enthesis is either fibrous or fibrocartilagenous chondro-osseous junction of the normal human knee joint. J Mol depending upon the nature of tissue at tendon- Histol 2005;36:207-15. 12. Maffulli N, Reaper J, Ewen SW, Waterston SW. Chondral ligament-bone interface. Fibrous enthesis are present metaplasia in calcific insertional tendinopathy of the achilles at diaphysis or metaphysis of long bone.9,10 tendon. Clin J Sport Med 2006;16:329-34. Fibrocartilagenous enthesis are more common than 13. Thomopoulos S, Marquez JP, Weinberger B. Collagen fiber orientation at the tendon to bone insertion and its influence on fibrous enthesis.11,12,13 This insertional complex stress concentrations. J Biomech 2006;39:1842-51. includes tendon uncalcified fibrocartilage, tidemark, 14. Toumi H, Higashiyama I, Suzuki D. Variations in human patellar 14,15,16 trabecular architecture and the structure of the proximal calcified fibrocartilage and bone itself. The layers patellar tendon enthesis. J Anat 2006;208:47-57. of calcified and uncalcified fibrocartilage at an enthesis 15. Benjamin M, Toumi H, Ralph Jr. Where tendon and ligament are separated by calcification front that is commonly meet bone: attachment sites in relation to exercise and/or mechanical load. J Anat 2006;208:471-90. called tidemark. It is an interface at which soft tissue 16. Apostolakos J, Durant JS, Alaee F, A review of the tendon-to- separate from hard ones. bone insertion. MLTJ 2014; 4(3): 333–42. 259 .
Recommended publications
  • Understanding Entheseal Changes: Definition and Life Course Changes Sébastien Villotte, Christopher J

    Understanding Entheseal Changes: Definition and Life Course Changes Sébastien Villotte, Christopher J

    Understanding Entheseal Changes: Definition and Life Course Changes Sébastien Villotte, Christopher J. Knüsel To cite this version: Sébastien Villotte, Christopher J. Knüsel. Understanding Entheseal Changes: Definition and Life Course Changes. International Journal of Osteoarchaeology, Wiley, 2013, Entheseal Changes and Occupation: Technical and Theoretical Advances and Their Applications, 23 (2), pp.135-146. 10.1002/oa.2289. hal-03147090 HAL Id: hal-03147090 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03147090 Submitted on 19 Feb 2021 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. International Journal of Osteoarchaeology Understanding Entheseal Changes: Definition and Life Course Changes Journal: International Journal of Osteoarchaeology Manuscript ID: OA-12-0089.R1 Wiley - ManuscriptFor type: Commentary Peer Review Date Submitted by the Author: n/a Complete List of Authors: Villotte, Sébastien; University of Bradford, AGES Knusel, Chris; University of Exeter, Department of Archaeology entheses, enthesopathy, Musculoskeletal Stress Markers (MSM), Keywords: senescence, activity, hormones, animal models, clinical studies http://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/oa Page 1 of 27 International Journal of Osteoarchaeology 1 2 3 Title: 4 5 Understanding Entheseal Changes: Definition and Life Course Changes 6 7 8 Short title: 9 10 Understanding Entheseal Changes 11 12 13 Keywords: entheses; enthesopathy; Musculoskeletal Stress Markers (MSM); senescence; 14 15 activity; hormones; animal models; clinical studies 16 17 18 Authors: For Peer Review 19 20 Villotte S.
  • Research Review Fibrocartilage

    Research Review Fibrocartilage

    J. Anat. (1990), 171, pp. 1-15 1 Printed in Great Britain Research Review Fibrocartilage M. BENJAMIN AND E. J. EVANS Department of Anatomy, University of Wales College of Cardiff, PO Box 900, Cardif CF1 3 YF, Wales Fibrocartilage has long been a neglected tissue that is too often viewed as a poor relation of hyaline cartilage. It failed to achieve the status of a tissue with the early histologists, but it is beginning to come of age, for modem techniques are revealing some exciting secrets about fibrocartilage in knee joint menisci and intervertebral discs in particular. Yet there has never been any general review on fibrocartilage, and workers concerned with the tissue in one organ rarely consider it in another. Consequently, we lack any global picture that would encourage the spread of interest in the tissue and the effective exchange of ideas. Our review deals largely with the white fibrocartilage of standard texts and for reasons of space excludes yellow elastic cartilage. We have concentrated on fibrocartilage as a tissue rather than fibrocartilages as organs. HISTORICAL CONSIDERATIONS The most important work on cartilage in the older literature is that of Schaffer (1930). His monograph is a thorough, comparative account of cartilage and related tissues throughout the animal kingdom. The reader interested in fibrocartilage must also study Schaffer's account of chondroid tissue, for some tissues that would now be regarded as fibrocartilage were viewed by Schaffer as hyaline-cell chondroid tissue. He had a narrow vision of 'true' cartilage and called tissues where the cells were not shrunken in lacunae, 'chondroid'.
  • Autologous Matrix-Induced Chondrogenesis and Generational Development of Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation

    Autologous Matrix-Induced Chondrogenesis and Generational Development of Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation

    Autologous Matrix-Induced Chondrogenesis and Generational Development of Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation Hajo Thermann, MD, PhD,* Christoph Becher, MD,† Francesca Vannini, MD, PhD,‡ and Sandro Giannini, MD‡ The treatment of osteochondral defects of the talus is still controversial. Matrix-guided treatment options for covering of the defect with a scaffold have gained increasing popularity. Cellular-based autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) has undergone a generational development overcoming the surgical drawbacks related to the use of the periosteal flap over time. As ACI is associated with high costs and limited in availability, autologous matrix-induced chondrogenesis, a single-step procedure combining microfracturing of the subchondral bone to release bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in combination with the coverage of an acellular matrix, has gained increasing popularity. The purposes of this report are to present the arthroscopic approach of the matrix-guided autologous matrix-induced chondrogenesis technique and generational development of ACI in the treatment of chondral and osteochon- dral defects of the talus. Oper Tech Orthop 24:210-215 C 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. KEYWORDS cartilage, defect, ankle, talus, AMIC, ACI Introduction Cartilage repair may be obtained by cartilage replacement: (OATS, mosaicplasty) or with techniques aimed to generate a hondral and osteochondral lesions are defects of the newly formed cartilage such as microfracture or autologous Ccartilaginous surface and underlying subchondral bone of chondrocyte implantation (ACI).9-17 the talar dome. These defects are often caused by a single or Arthroscopic debridement and bone marrow stimulation multiple traumatic events, mostly inversion or eversion ankle using the microfracture technique has proven to be an 1,2 sprains in young, active patients.
  • GLOSSARY of MEDICAL and ANATOMICAL TERMS

    GLOSSARY of MEDICAL and ANATOMICAL TERMS

    GLOSSARY of MEDICAL and ANATOMICAL TERMS Abbreviations: • A. Arabic • abb. = abbreviation • c. circa = about • F. French • adj. adjective • G. Greek • Ge. German • cf. compare • L. Latin • dim. = diminutive • OF. Old French • ( ) plural form in brackets A-band abb. of anisotropic band G. anisos = unequal + tropos = turning; meaning having not equal properties in every direction; transverse bands in living skeletal muscle which rotate the plane of polarised light, cf. I-band. Abbé, Ernst. 1840-1905. German physicist; mathematical analysis of optics as a basis for constructing better microscopes; devised oil immersion lens; Abbé condenser. absorption L. absorbere = to suck up. acervulus L. = sand, gritty; brain sand (cf. psammoma body). acetylcholine an ester of choline found in many tissue, synapses & neuromuscular junctions, where it is a neural transmitter. acetylcholinesterase enzyme at motor end-plate responsible for rapid destruction of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter. acidophilic adj. L. acidus = sour + G. philein = to love; affinity for an acidic dye, such as eosin staining cytoplasmic proteins. acinus (-i) L. = a juicy berry, a grape; applied to small, rounded terminal secretory units of compound exocrine glands that have a small lumen (adj. acinar). acrosome G. akron = extremity + soma = body; head of spermatozoon. actin polymer protein filament found in the intracellular cytoskeleton, particularly in the thin (I-) bands of striated muscle. adenohypophysis G. ade = an acorn + hypophyses = an undergrowth; anterior lobe of hypophysis (cf. pituitary). adenoid G. " + -oeides = in form of; in the form of a gland, glandular; the pharyngeal tonsil. adipocyte L. adeps = fat (of an animal) + G. kytos = a container; cells responsible for storage and metabolism of lipids, found in white fat and brown fat.
  • Variations in the Quantity of Uncalcified Fibrocartilage at the Insertions of the Extrinsic Calf Muscles in the Foot

    Variations in the Quantity of Uncalcified Fibrocartilage at the Insertions of the Extrinsic Calf Muscles in the Foot

    J. Anat. (1995) 186, pp. 417-421, with 4 figures Printed in Great Britain 417 Short Report Variations in the quantity of uncalcified fibrocartilage at the insertions of the extrinsic calf muscles in the foot P. FROWEN AND M. BENJAMIN School of Molecular and Medical Biosciences (Anatomy Unit), University of Wales College of Cardiff, UK (Accepted 13 October 1994) ABSTRACT It has been suggested that fibrocartilage at entheses (tendon-bone junctions) prevents collagen fibres bending at the hard tissue interface. We have investigated this function by exploring the relationship between the presence or amount of fibrocartilage at the attachments of the major extrinsic muscles in the foot, and the extent to which these tendons bend near their entheses during movement. The tendons were taken from each of 5 formalin-fixed dissecting room cadavers and prepared for routine histology, and sections were collected systematically throughout the blocks. Tendons that attached to the tarsus and metatarsus had fibrocartilaginous entheses, but those attached to the phalanges had fibrous entheses. In all tarsal and metatarsal tendons, the fibrocartilage was significantly thicker (P < 0.05) in the deepest part of the enthesis. Here the greatest amount of fibrocartilage was in the Achilles tendon (mean thickness + S.E.M.: 1560 + 161 gim). There were moderate amounts at the medial cuneiform attachment of tibialis anterior (533 + 82 gm), peroneus brevis (472 + 64 gm) and tibialis posterior (454 +26 gm), small quantities at the first metatarsal attachment of tibialis anterior (104+ 14 gm) and peroneus longus (21 + 8 pm), but only traces at the attachments of the flexor and extensor tendons of the phalanges.
  • Nomina Histologica Veterinaria, First Edition

    Nomina Histologica Veterinaria, First Edition

    NOMINA HISTOLOGICA VETERINARIA Submitted by the International Committee on Veterinary Histological Nomenclature (ICVHN) to the World Association of Veterinary Anatomists Published on the website of the World Association of Veterinary Anatomists www.wava-amav.org 2017 CONTENTS Introduction i Principles of term construction in N.H.V. iii Cytologia – Cytology 1 Textus epithelialis – Epithelial tissue 10 Textus connectivus – Connective tissue 13 Sanguis et Lympha – Blood and Lymph 17 Textus muscularis – Muscle tissue 19 Textus nervosus – Nerve tissue 20 Splanchnologia – Viscera 23 Systema digestorium – Digestive system 24 Systema respiratorium – Respiratory system 32 Systema urinarium – Urinary system 35 Organa genitalia masculina – Male genital system 38 Organa genitalia feminina – Female genital system 42 Systema endocrinum – Endocrine system 45 Systema cardiovasculare et lymphaticum [Angiologia] – Cardiovascular and lymphatic system 47 Systema nervosum – Nervous system 52 Receptores sensorii et Organa sensuum – Sensory receptors and Sense organs 58 Integumentum – Integument 64 INTRODUCTION The preparations leading to the publication of the present first edition of the Nomina Histologica Veterinaria has a long history spanning more than 50 years. Under the auspices of the World Association of Veterinary Anatomists (W.A.V.A.), the International Committee on Veterinary Anatomical Nomenclature (I.C.V.A.N.) appointed in Giessen, 1965, a Subcommittee on Histology and Embryology which started a working relation with the Subcommittee on Histology of the former International Anatomical Nomenclature Committee. In Mexico City, 1971, this Subcommittee presented a document entitled Nomina Histologica Veterinaria: A Working Draft as a basis for the continued work of the newly-appointed Subcommittee on Histological Nomenclature. This resulted in the editing of the Nomina Histologica Veterinaria: A Working Draft II (Toulouse, 1974), followed by preparations for publication of a Nomina Histologica Veterinaria.
  • 2*0 \%, in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for / the Degree

    2*0 \%, in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for / the Degree

    Entheseal Changes in an Ancient Egyptian Skeletal Collection A thesis submitted to the faculty of San Francisco State University "2*0 \%, In partial fulfillment of The Requirements for / The degree Master of Arts In Anthropology by Sophie Minnig San Francisco, California July 2018 Copyright by Sophie Minnig 2018 CERTIFICATION OF APPROVAL I certify that I have read Entheseal Changes in an Ancient Egyptian Skeletal Collection by Sophie Minnig, and that in my opinion this work meets the criteria for approving a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requests for the degree: Master of Arts in Anthropology at San Francisco State University. Associate Professor of Anthropology Associate Professor of Anthropology Entheseal Changes in an Ancient Egyptian Skeletal Collection Sophie Minnig San Francisco, California 2018 The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of age and sex on entheseal changes, as well as test for asymmetry in an ancient Egyptian skeletal collection. Entheseal changes refer to the morphological changes that occur on the bone surface where tendons and ligaments attach. Such morphological changes have been widely considered to reflect past activity patterns. However, recent bioarchaeological and biomedical research has shown biological factors such as age, sex, and body size to be significantly correlated with various types of entheseal change (Henderson et al. 2013 2017 Wilczak 1998; Benjamin et al. 2008 , 2009; Foster et al. 2014). This study utilizes the new Coimbra method (Henderson et al. 2013, 2015) to score and record entheseal changes at five fibrocartilaginous entheses: infra- and supra-spinatus, subscapularis insertion, common flexor origin, common extensor origin, and biceps brachii insertion.
  • Engineering Tissue-To-Tissue Interfaces and the Formation of Complex Tissues

    Engineering Tissue-To-Tissue Interfaces and the Formation of Complex Tissues

    Engineering Tissue-to-Tissue Interfaces and the Formation of Complex Tissues Helen H. Lu, Ph.D. US Frontier of Engineering (USFOE) September 15, 2012 Biomaterials and Interface Tissue Engineering Laboratory Department of Biomedical Engineering Columbia University in the City of New York Tissue Engineering Skalak 1988, Langer and Vacanti 1993 Business Week, July, 1998 Tissue Engineering: the Next Generation Engineering Complex Tissues • Assemble or connect more than one type of tissue • Interfaces between these different tissue types are critical for engineering collective functionality Tissue Engineering, 2006 Challenges in Orthopedic Tissue Engineering • Soft tissues - Articular cartilage - Ligaments - Tendons • Lack of graft-bone integration –Compromises long term functionality • Challenge – How to achieve BIOLOGICAL FIXATION of soft tissue to bone? Interface Tissue Engineering TissueSignificance-to-Tissue Clinical Challenge Interfaces• Soft tissues have limited • Ligament-to- regeneration Interface Cell-Cell bonepotential interface Characterization Interactions – Anterior cruciate • Lackligament of tissue (ACL) graft-to-bone Scaffold integration Design • Tendon -to-Bone • interfaceBridging tissues to form organ In Vitro In Vivo • Osteochondralsystems Testing Testing interface How to Connect a Rope to the Wall? • Multiple Tissue and Cell Types (Cooper and Miscel, 1970, Arnoczky et al, 1993, Niyibizi et al., 1996, Visconti et al., 1996, Thomapoulus et al, 1999, Benjamin et al, 2002, Wang et al., 2006) – Ligament (L) – Fibroblasts L FC B – Fibrocartilage – Fibrochondrocytes • Non-Mineralized Fibrocartilage (FC) • Mineralized Fibrocartilage (MFC) L – Bone (B) – Osteoblasts Neonatal Bovine ACL FemurInsertion – TrichromeFC Stain • A gradient of cellular, chemical NFC MFC and mechanical properties B ACL – Minimize the formation L of stress concentrations (Butler et al., 1978, Woo et al., 1988, FC Matyas et al., 1995, Gao et al., 1996) Tibia – Load transfer between 200 μm soft and hard tissues (Woo SL, et al.
  • Insights Into Pathogenesis of Psoriatic Arthritis D Mcgonagle

    Insights Into Pathogenesis of Psoriatic Arthritis D Mcgonagle

    ii58 REPORT Ann Rheum Dis: first published as 10.1136/ard.2004.034264 on 11 February 2005. Downloaded from Imaging the joint and enthesis: insights into pathogenesis of psoriatic arthritis D McGonagle ............................................................................................................................... Ann Rheum Dis 2005;64(Suppl II):ii58–ii60. doi: 10.1136/ard.2004.034264 includes adjacent tendons, periosteum, and the underlying The distinct radiographic features of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) bone at attachment sites.8 help confirm it as a distinct entity from rheumatoid arthritis and highlight some unique non-synovial based disease imaging features. The advent of magnetic resonance imaging Bone changes and a better understanding of joint microanatomy including Extensive bone disease, ranging from periostitis to osteolysis 9 the complexity of joint entheses provide a unifying anatomi- and new bone formation, is a characteristic feature of PsA, cal and biomechanical concept that links disease at the but radiographic studies do not permit a direct link between apparently disparate sites of involvement in PsA, including these findings and enthesitis. The bony point of attachment the synovium, the enthesis, the bone and the periosteum. and adjacent underlying bone trabecular network forms an integral part of the enthesis organ,510 and MRI has shown These findings suggest a reason for the localisation of disease that perientheseal bone oedema is an integral feature of to skeletal sites that are subject to repeated mechanical
  • Evaluating Entheseal Changes from a Commingled And

    Evaluating Entheseal Changes from a Commingled And

    EVALUATING ENTHESEAL CHANGES FROM A COMMINGLED AND FRAGMENTARY POPULATION: REPUBLIC GROVES by Jennifer K. Dewey A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Dorothy F. Schmidt College of Arts and Letters In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts Florida Atlantic University Boca Raton, FL May 2018 Copyright by Jennifer K. Dewey 2018 ii EVALUATINGENTHESEAL CHANGES FROM A COMMINGLEDAND FRAGMENTARYPOPULATION: REPUBLIC GROVES by JenniferK. Dewey This thesis was prepared under the direction of the candidate's thesis advisor, Dr. MeredithEllis , Department of Anthropology,and has been approved by the members of her supervisory committee. It was submitted to the faculty of the Dorothy F. Schmidt College of Artsand Letters and was acceptedin partialfulfillment of therequirements for thedegree of Masterof Arts. SUPERVISORYCOMMIITEE: Date()p1.il t,,, « 12/'f iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS <3 iv ABSTRACT Author: Jennifer K. Dewey Title: Evaluating Entheseal Changes from a Commingled and Fragmentary Population: Republic Groves Institution: Florida Atlantic University Thesis Advisor: Dr. Meredith Ellis Degree: Master of Arts Year: 2018 The most direct way available to modern day researchers to reconstruct individual and population level behavior is to analyze markers of activity from skeletal remains (Ruff et al., 2004). An analysis of the population at the Republic Groves site (8HR4) was conducted, using the entheseal change score system, the Coimbra method, developed by Henderson et al. (2015). This study examined the implication of analyzing a commingled and fragmentary population with this methodology. Reconstructing specific behavior cannot be done with this type of approach; however, entheseal changes can be compared to specific patterns of behavior for consistency.
  • (AMIC) and Microfractures for Focal Chondral Defects of the Knee: a Medium-Term Comparative Study

    (AMIC) and Microfractures for Focal Chondral Defects of the Knee: a Medium-Term Comparative Study

    life Communication Autologous Matrix-Induced Chondrogenesis (AMIC) and Microfractures for Focal Chondral Defects of the Knee: A Medium-Term Comparative Study Filippo Migliorini 1 , Jörg Eschweiler 1, Nicola Maffulli 2,3,4,* , Hanno Schenker 1, Alice Baroncini 1 , Markus Tingart 1 and Björn Rath 1,5 1 Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Clinic Aachen, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, 52064 Aachen, Germany; [email protected] (F.M.); [email protected] (J.E.); [email protected] (H.S.); [email protected] (A.B.); [email protected] (M.T.); [email protected] (B.R.) 2 Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy 3 School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University School of Medicine, Thornburrow Drive, Stoke-on-Trent ST5 5BG, UK 4 Centre for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Hospital, 275 Bancroft Road, London E1 4DG, UK 5 Department of Orthopedics, Klinikum Wels-Grieskirchen, A-4600 Wels, Austria * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Introduction: The potential of autologous matrix-induced chondrogenesis (AMIC) to restore unipolar focal chondral defects of the knee is promising. However, the outcome compared to Citation: Migliorini, F.; Eschweiler, J.; microfracturing (MFx) for certain defect sizes (2–3 cm2) is still uncertain. Therefore, the present study Maffulli, N.; Schenker, H.; Baroncini, compared primary isolated AMIC versus MFx in a cohort of patients with borderline sized focal A.; Tingart, M.; Rath, B. Autologous unipolar chondral defects of the knee at midterm follow-up.
  • On the Heterogeneity of the Femoral Enthesis of the Human ACL: Microscopic Anatomy and Clinical Implications Mélanie L

    On the Heterogeneity of the Femoral Enthesis of the Human ACL: Microscopic Anatomy and Clinical Implications Mélanie L

    Beaulieu et al. Journal of Experimental Orthopaedics (2016) 3:14 Journal of DOI 10.1186/s40634-016-0050-8 Experimental Orthopaedics RESEARCH Open Access On the heterogeneity of the femoral enthesis of the human ACL: microscopic anatomy and clinical implications Mélanie L. Beaulieu1,4*, Grace E. Carey1,4, Stephen H. Schlecht2, Edward M. Wojtys2,3 and James A. Ashton-Miller1,4 Abstract Background: Most ruptures of the native anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and ACL graft occur at, or near, the femoral enthesis, with the posterolateral fibers of the native ligament being especially vulnerable during pivot landings. Characterizing the anatomy of the ACL femoral enthesis may help us explain injury patterns which, in turn, could help guide injury prevention efforts. It may also lead to improved anatomic reconstruction techniques given that the goal of such techniques is to replicate the knee’s normal anatomy. Hence, the aim of this study was to investigate the microscopic anatomy of the ACL femoral enthesis and determine whether regional differences exist. Methods: Fifteen human ACL femoral entheses were histochemically processed and sectioned along the longitudinal axis of the ACL at 20, 40, 60, and 80 % of the width of the enthesis. Four thick sections (100 μm) per enthesis were prepared, stained, and digitized. From these sections, regional variations in the quantity of calcified and uncalcified fibrocartilage, the angle at which the ligament originates from the bone, and the shape profile of the tidemark were quantified. Results: At least 33 % more calcified fibrocartilage and 143 % more uncalcified fibrocartilage were found in the antero-inferior region, which corresponds to the inferior margin of the origin of the anteromedial ACL fibers, than all other regions (Ps < 0.05).