Specificity in Predator—Prey Relationships With
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A Trait-Based Approach Laura Roquer Beni Phd Thesis 2020
ADVERTIMENT. Lʼaccés als continguts dʼaquesta tesi queda condicionat a lʼacceptació de les condicions dʼús establertes per la següent llicència Creative Commons: http://cat.creativecommons.org/?page_id=184 ADVERTENCIA. El acceso a los contenidos de esta tesis queda condicionado a la aceptación de las condiciones de uso establecidas por la siguiente licencia Creative Commons: http://es.creativecommons.org/blog/licencias/ WARNING. The access to the contents of this doctoral thesis it is limited to the acceptance of the use conditions set by the following Creative Commons license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/?lang=en Pollinator communities and pollination services in apple orchards: a trait-based approach Laura Roquer Beni PhD Thesis 2020 Pollinator communities and pollination services in apple orchards: a trait-based approach Tesi doctoral Laura Roquer Beni per optar al grau de doctora Directors: Dr. Jordi Bosch i Dr. Anselm Rodrigo Programa de Doctorat en Ecologia Terrestre Centre de Recerca Ecològica i Aplicacions Forestals (CREAF) Universitat de Autònoma de Barcelona Juliol 2020 Il·lustració de la portada: Gala Pont @gala_pont Al meu pare, a la meva mare, a la meva germana i al meu germà Acknowledgements Se’m fa impossible resumir tot el que han significat per mi aquests anys de doctorat. Les qui em coneixeu més sabeu que han sigut anys de transformació, de reptes, d’aprendre a prioritzar sense deixar de cuidar allò que és important. Han sigut anys d’equilibris no sempre fàcils però molt gratificants. Heu sigut moltes les persones que m’heu acompanyat, d’una manera o altra, en el transcurs d’aquest projecte de creixement vital i acadèmic, i totes i cadascuna de vosaltres, formeu part del resultat final. -
ARTHROPODA Subphylum Hexapoda Protura, Springtails, Diplura, and Insects
NINE Phylum ARTHROPODA SUBPHYLUM HEXAPODA Protura, springtails, Diplura, and insects ROD P. MACFARLANE, PETER A. MADDISON, IAN G. ANDREW, JOCELYN A. BERRY, PETER M. JOHNS, ROBERT J. B. HOARE, MARIE-CLAUDE LARIVIÈRE, PENELOPE GREENSLADE, ROSA C. HENDERSON, COURTenaY N. SMITHERS, RicarDO L. PALMA, JOHN B. WARD, ROBERT L. C. PILGRIM, DaVID R. TOWNS, IAN McLELLAN, DAVID A. J. TEULON, TERRY R. HITCHINGS, VICTOR F. EASTOP, NICHOLAS A. MARTIN, MURRAY J. FLETCHER, MARLON A. W. STUFKENS, PAMELA J. DALE, Daniel BURCKHARDT, THOMAS R. BUCKLEY, STEVEN A. TREWICK defining feature of the Hexapoda, as the name suggests, is six legs. Also, the body comprises a head, thorax, and abdomen. The number A of abdominal segments varies, however; there are only six in the Collembola (springtails), 9–12 in the Protura, and 10 in the Diplura, whereas in all other hexapods there are strictly 11. Insects are now regarded as comprising only those hexapods with 11 abdominal segments. Whereas crustaceans are the dominant group of arthropods in the sea, hexapods prevail on land, in numbers and biomass. Altogether, the Hexapoda constitutes the most diverse group of animals – the estimated number of described species worldwide is just over 900,000, with the beetles (order Coleoptera) comprising more than a third of these. Today, the Hexapoda is considered to contain four classes – the Insecta, and the Protura, Collembola, and Diplura. The latter three classes were formerly allied with the insect orders Archaeognatha (jumping bristletails) and Thysanura (silverfish) as the insect subclass Apterygota (‘wingless’). The Apterygota is now regarded as an artificial assemblage (Bitsch & Bitsch 2000). -
Williamston SIS Species List
Williamston Special Invertebrate Site species list This is a list of invertebrate species which have been recorded at Williamston Special Invertebrate Site. Not all the records included in this list have been verified. The aim of the list is to give recorders an idea of the range of species found at the site. To the best of our knowledge, this list of records is correct, as of November 2019. Scientific name English name Bees Andrena scotica Chocolate mining bee Bombus campestris Field cuckoo bee Bombus hortorum Garden bumblebee Bombus lucorum agg. Bombus pascuorum Common carder bee Bombus pratorum Early bumblebee Bombus terrestris Buff-tailed bumblebee Halictus rubicundus Orange-legged furrow bee Lasioglossum calceatum Common furrow bee Nomada marshamella Marsham’s nomad bee Beetles Calvia quatuordecimguttata Cream-spot ladybird Coccinella septempunctata 7-spot ladybird Curtonotus aulicus Oiceoptoma thoracicum Red-breasted carrion beetle Rhagonycha fulva Common red soldier beetle Thanatophilus rugosus Bugs Anthocoris nemorum Common flower bug Liocoris tripustulatus Lygus rugulipennis Tarnished plant bug Philaenus spumarius Cuckoo-spit insect/ Common froghopper Butterflies Aglais io Peacock Aglais urticae Small tortoiseshell Lycaena phlaeas Small copper Maniola jurtina Meadow brown Pararge aegeria Speckled wood Pieris napi Green-veined white Vanessa atalanta Red admiral Vanessa cardui Painted lady Flies Bibio pomonae Red-legged St-Mark's fly Dasysyrphus albostriatus Stripe-backed Dasysyrphus Dexiosoma caninum Epistrophe grossulariae Broad-banded -
Archiv Furgeschichte
ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Archiv für Naturgeschichte Jahr/Year: 1913 Band/Volume: 79A_12 Autor(en)/Author(s): Strand Embrik Artikel/Article: Zoologische Ergebnisse der Expedition des Herrn G. Tessmann nach Süd-Kamerun und Spanisch- Guinea. Lepidoptera VIII. (Libytheidae, Lemoniidae, Lycaenidae.) 129-144 © Biodiversity Heritage Library, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.zobodat.at des Herrn G. Teßinaiui imcli Süd-Kamerun und Spanisch- Guinea. 129 Fig. 2 a. Kopf der in Fig. 2 dargestellten Raupe. 3. Raupe einer Cymothoe sp. (?). 4. Raupe von Charaxes protoclea Feisth. 4a. Puppe von Charaxes protoclea Feisth. 4b. Kopf der Raupe von Charaxes protoclea Feisth. 5. Krone des Kopfes der Raupe von Charaxes castor Cr. 6. Raupe von Charaxes sp., bei Ch. ephyra Stgr. 7. Nahrungspflanze dieser Art, nebst unbekannter Noto- dontiden( ?)-Raupe. 8. Raupe einer Charaxes sp. in Draufsicht. 8 a. Raupe derselben Art in Profil. 9. Hängepuppe einer Charaxes-Art. 10. Raupe einer Euphaedra (?). 11. Raupe einer Euphaedra (?). Zoologische Ergebnisse der Expedition des Herrn Q. Tessmann nach Süd-Kamerun und Spanisch- Guinea. Lepidoptera VIII. (Libytheidae, Lemoniidae, Lycaenidae.) Von Embrik Strand, Farn. LIBYTHEIDAE. Gen. Libythea F. Lihythea labdaca Westw. Kamerun: Bibundi, 15. —30. IV. 1905, 1 c^; Nyong, Jaunde- station, 28. —29. IX. 1905, 1 ^; Jaundestation Simekoa, 1. —7. X. 1905, 1 c?; Asoko Simekoa, Jaundestation, 12. —23. X. 1905, 1 c^. Span.-Guinea: Alen Benitogebiet, 1.—15. XI. 1904, 1(^; 16.—30. XL, 2 ^- 15. XII. 1906, 2 c^.— UeUeburg, VI.—VIII. 1908, 1 (^. Fam. LEMONIIDAE. Gen. Abisara Feld. Abisara gerontes F. 1. -
How to Use This Checklist
How To Use This Checklist Swallowtails: Family Papilionidae Special Note: Spring and Summer Azures have recently The information presented in this checklist reflects our __ Pipevine Swallowtail Battus philenor R; May - Sep. been recognized as separate species. Azure taxonomy has not current understanding of the butterflies found within __ Zebra Swallowtail Eurytides marcellus R; May - Aug. been completely sorted out by the experts. Cleveland Metroparks. (This list includes all species that have __ Black Swallowtail Papilio polyxenes C; May - Sep. __ Appalachian Azure Celastrina neglecta-major h; mid - late been recorded in Cuyahoga County, and a few additional __ Giant Swallowtail Papilio cresphontes h; rare in Cleveland May; not recorded in Cuy. Co. species that may occur here.) Record you observations and area; July - Aug. Brush-footed Butterflies: Family Nymphalidae contact a naturalist if you find something that may be of __ Eastern Tiger Swallowtail Papilio glaucus C; May - Oct.; __ American Snout Libytheana carinenta R; June - Oct. interest. females occur as yellow or dark morphs __ Variegated Fritillary Euptoieta claudia R; June - Oct. __ Spicebush Swallowtail Papilio troilus C; May - Oct. __ Great Spangled Fritillary Speyeria cybele C; May - Oct. Species are listed taxonomically, with a common name, a Whites and Sulphurs: Family Pieridae __ Aphrodite Fritillary Speyeria aphrodite O; June - Sep. scientific name, a note about its relative abundance and flight __ Checkered White Pontia protodice h; rare in Cleveland area; __ Regal Fritillary Speyeria idalia X; no recent Ohio records; period. Check off species that you identify within Cleveland May - Oct. formerly in Cleveland Metroparks Metroparks. __ West Virginia White Pieris virginiensis O; late Apr. -
2015-2025 Pennsylvania Wildlife Action Plan
2 0 1 5 – 2 0 2 5 Species Assessments Appendix 1.1A – Birds A Comprehensive Status Assessment of Pennsylvania’s Avifauna for Application to the State Wildlife Action Plan Update 2015 (Jason Hill, PhD) Assessment of eBird data for the importance of Pennsylvania as a bird migratory corridor (Andy Wilson, PhD) Appendix 1.1B – Mammals A Comprehensive Status Assessment of Pennsylvania’s Mammals, Utilizing NatureServe Ranking Methodology and Rank Calculator Version 3.1 for Application to the State Wildlife Action Plan Update 2015 (Charlie Eichelberger and Joe Wisgo) Appendix 1.1C – Reptiles and Amphibians A Revision of the State Conservation Ranks of Pennsylvania’s Herpetofauna Appendix 1.1D – Fishes A Revision of the State Conservation Ranks of Pennsylvania’s Fishes Appendix 1.1E – Invertebrates Invertebrate Assessment for the 2015 Pennsylvania Wildlife Action Plan Revision 2015-2025 Pennsylvania Wildlife Action Plan Appendix 1.1A - Birds A Comprehensive Status Assessment of Pennsylvania’s Avifauna for Application to the State Wildlife Action Plan Update 2015 Jason M. Hill, PhD. Table of Contents Assessment ............................................................................................................................................. 3 Data Sources ....................................................................................................................................... 3 Species Selection ................................................................................................................................ -
Diptera, Sy Ae)
Ce nt re fo r Eco logy & Hydrology N AT U RA L ENVIRO N M EN T RESEA RC H CO U N C IL Provisional atlas of British hover les (Diptera, Sy ae) _ Stuart G Ball & Roger K A Morris _ J O I N T NATURE CONSERVATION COMMITTEE NERC Co pyright 2000 Printed in 2000 by CRL Digital Limited ISBN I 870393 54 6 The Centre for Eco logy an d Hydrolo gy (CEI-0 is one of the Centres an d Surveys of the Natu ral Environme nt Research Council (NERC). Established in 1994, CEH is a multi-disciplinary , environmental research organisation w ith som e 600 staff an d w ell-equipp ed labo ratories and field facilities at n ine sites throughout the United Kingdom . Up u ntil Ap ril 2000, CEM co m prise d of fou r comp o nent NERC Institutes - the Institute of Hydrology (IH), the Institute of Freshw ater Eco logy (WE), the Institute of Terrestrial Eco logy (ITE), and the Institute of Virology an d Environmental Micro b iology (IVEM). From the beginning of Ap dl 2000, CEH has operated as a single institute, and the ind ividual Institute nam es have ceased to be used . CEH's mission is to "advance th e science of ecology, env ironme ntal microbiology and hyd rology th rough h igh q uality and inte rnat ionall) recognised research lead ing to better understanding and quantifia ttion of the p hysical, chem ical and b iolo gical p rocesses relating to land an d freshwater an d living organisms within the se environments". -
Seed Dispersal Mutualisms Are Essential for the Survival of Diverse Plant Species and Communities Worldwide
ABSTRACT YOUNGSTEADT, ELSA KRISTEN. Neotropical Ant-Gardens: Behavioral and Chemical Ecology of an Obligate Ant-Plant Mutualism. (Under the direction of Coby Schal.) Seed dispersal mutualisms are essential for the survival of diverse plant species and communities worldwide. An outstanding but poorly understood ant-seed mutualism occurs in the Amazonian rainforest, where arboreal ants collect seeds of several taxonomically diverse plant species and cultivate them in nutrient-rich nests, forming abundant hanging gardens known as ant-gardens (AGs). AG ants and plants are dominant members of lowland Amazonian ecosystems, and their interaction is obligate and apparently species-specific. Though established AGs are limited to specific participants, it is unknown at what stage specificity arises. Seed fate pathways in AG epiphytes are undocumented, and the recognition cues that mediate the mutualism are unknown. Here the species specificity of the AG ant-seed interaction is assessed, and chemical cues are characterized that elicit seed- finding and seed-carrying in AG ants. To examine the specificity of the ant-seed interaction, general food baits and seeds of the AG plant Peperomia macrostachya were offered on alternate days at 108 bait stations. Seventy ant species were detected at food baits and could have interacted with AG seeds, but only three species collected P. macrostachya seeds, and 84% of observed seed removal by ants was attributed to C. femoratus. In a separate experiment, arthropod exclusion significantly reduced AG seed removal rates, but vertebrate exclusion did not. Thus species specific seed dispersal, rather than post-dispersal processes, appears to be the primary determinant of the distribution of AG plants. -
The Entomologist's Record and Journal of Variation
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Harvester Butterfly, Feniseca Tarquinius (Fabricius), Are the Only Strictly Carnivo- Rous Butterfly Caterpillars in the United States
EENY-404 Harvester Butterfly, Feniseca tarquinius (Fabricius) (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae: Melitinae)1 Donald W. Hall, Jerry F. Butler, and Marc Minno2 Introduction The larvae of the small, uncommon harvester butterfly, Feniseca tarquinius (Fabricius), are the only strictly carnivo- rous butterfly caterpillars in the United States. Distribution Found in swampy areas and woodlands, particularly near water, from southern Canada south to central Florida and central Texas. Highly localized with adults generally remaining in close proximity to woolly aphid hosts. DescriptionAdults The wings are orange on the interior, bordered with black on the dorsal surface and burnt-orange with darker spots edged with white on the ventral surface (Figure 1). Eggs The eggs are greenish-white and spherical with faint sculpturing (Figure 2). Figure 1. Adult harvester butterfly, Feniseca tarquinius (Fabricius). Credits: Donald W. Hall, UF/IFAS Larvae Pupae The larvae (Figures 3–5) are small (to 1.9 cm in length) The pupae are off-white and have a pattern that resembles and slug-like. Full-grown larvae are brightly patterned with the face of a lizard or monkey (Krizek 1995) (Figure 6). gray, yellow and white, and covered with bristly hairs; the pattern is often obscured with the white wax produced by the prey (Minno et al. 2005). 1. This document is EENY-404, one of a series of the Entomology and Nematology Department, UF/IFAS Extension. Original publication date April 2007. Revised December 2016. Reviewed November 2019. Visit the EDIS website at https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu for the currently supported version of this publication. This document is also available on the Featured Creatures website at http://entomology.ifas.ufl.edu/creatures. -
Lycaenidae): Phylogeny, Ecology, and Conservation John Mathew Old Dominion University
Old Dominion University ODU Digital Commons Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations Biological Sciences Summer 2003 Aphytophagy in the Miletinae (Lycaenidae): Phylogeny, Ecology, and Conservation John Mathew Old Dominion University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/biology_etds Part of the Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons, Entomology Commons, and the Genetics Commons Recommended Citation Mathew, John. "Aphytophagy in the Miletinae (Lycaenidae): Phylogeny, Ecology, and Conservation" (2003). Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), dissertation, Biological Sciences, Old Dominion University, DOI: 10.25777/v7rh-mb21 https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/biology_etds/74 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Biological Sciences at ODU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ODU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. APHYTOPHAGY IN THE MILETINAE (LYCAENIDAE): PHYLOGENY, ECOLOGY, AND CONSERVATION by John Mathew B.Sc. June 1990, Madras Christian College M.Sc. June 1992, Madras Christian College M.Phil. May 1994, Madras University A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of Old Dominion University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY ECOLOGICAL SCIENCES OLD DOMINION UNIVERSITY August 2003 Approved by: Deborah A. Waller (Co-Director) »mi E. Pierce (Co-Director) H. Savitzky (Member) Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. ABSTRACT APHYTOPHAGY IN THE MILETINAE (LYCAENIDAE): PHYTOGENY, ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION John Mathew Old Dominion University, 2003 Co-Directors of Advisory Committee: Dr. Deborah A. Waller Dr. Naomi E. Pierce Less than 1% of all Lepidoptera are aphytophagous; of these, a considerable proportion is found in the family Lycaenidae. -
Beiträge Zur Bayerischen Entomofaunistik 13: 67–207
Beiträge zur bayerischen Entomofaunistik 13:67–207, Bamberg (2014), ISSN 1430-015X Grundlegende Untersuchungen zur vielfältigen Insektenfauna im Tiergarten Nürnberg unter besonderer Betonung der Hymenoptera Auswertung von Malaisefallenfängen in den Jahren 1989 und 1990 von Klaus von der Dunk & Manfred Kraus Inhaltsverzeichnis 1. Einleitung 68 2. Untersuchungsgebiet 68 3. Methodik 69 3.1. Planung 69 3.2. Malaisefallen (MF) im Tiergarten 1989, mit Gelbschalen (GS) und Handfänge 69 3.3. Beschreibung der Fallenstandorte 70 3.4. Malaisefallen, Gelbschalen und Handfänge 1990 71 4. Darstellung der Untersuchungsergebnisse 71 4.1. Die Tabellen 71 4.2. Umfang der Untersuchungen 73 4.3. Grenzen der Interpretation von Fallenfängen 73 5. Untersuchungsergebnisse 74 5.1. Hymenoptera 74 5.1.1. Hymenoptera – Symphyta (Blattwespen) 74 5.1.1.1. Tabelle Symphyta 74 5.1.1.2. Tabellen Leerungstermine der Malaisefallen und Gelbschalen und Blattwespenanzahl 78 5.1.1.3. Symphyta 79 5.1.2. Hymenoptera – Terebrantia 87 5.1.2.1. Tabelle Terebrantia 87 5.1.2.2. Tabelle Ichneumonidae (det. R. Bauer) mit Ergänzungen 91 5.1.2.3. Terebrantia: Evanoidea bis Chalcididae – Ichneumonidae – Braconidae 100 5.1.2.4. Bauer, R.: Ichneumoniden aus den Fängen in Malaisefallen von Dr. M. Kraus im Tiergarten Nürnberg in den Jahren 1989 und 1990 111 5.1.3. Hymenoptera – Apocrita – Aculeata 117 5.1.3.1. Tabellen: Apidae, Formicidae, Chrysididae, Pompilidae, Vespidae, Sphecidae, Mutillidae, Sapygidae, Tiphiidae 117 5.1.3.2. Apidae, Formicidae, Chrysididae, Pompilidae, Vespidae, Sphecidae, Mutillidae, Sapygidae, Tiphiidae 122 5.1.4. Coleoptera 131 5.1.4.1. Tabelle Coleoptera 131 5.1.4.2.