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Environmental Assessment (EA) Is Tiered to Other Environmental Documents That Are Available for Review at the Lake George Ranger District Office

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Environmental Assessment (EA) Is Tiered to Other Environmental Documents That Are Available for Review at the Lake George Ranger District Office United States Department of Environmental Agriculture Forest Assessment Service March, 2011 Hog Valley Scrub PALS No. 25932 Lake George Ranger District, Ocala National Forest Marion and Putnam Counties, Florida For Information Contact: Mike Herrin, District Ranger 17147 E. Hwy 40 Silver Springs, FL 34488 352-625-2520 [email protected] The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, gender, religion. age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, or marital or family status. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA's TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, Room 326-W, Whitten Building, 14th and Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, DC 20250-9410 or call (202) 720-5964 (voice and TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Table of Contents Page INTRODUCTION …………………………………………………………………………. 2 Background ………………………………………………………………………………... 2 Purpose and Need for Action …………………………………………………………….... 2 Proposed Action ………………………………………………………………………….... 3 Decision Framework ………………………………………………………………………. 4 Public Involvement ………………………………………………………………………... 4 Issues ………………………………………………………………………………………. 4 ALTERNATIVES ………………………………………………………………………….. 4 Alternatives ………………………………………………………………………………... 4 Design Features ………………………………………………………………………….... 9 Monitoring ………………………………………………………………………………… 10 Comparison of Alternatives ……………………………………………………………….. 11 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCES ………………………………………………... 12 Physical Components ……………………………………………………………………… 12 Air ……………………………………………………………………………………….. 12 Soils ……………………………………………………………………………………... 12 Water …………………………………………………………………………………….. 13 Biological Components …………………………………………………………………… 14 Vegetation ……………………………………………………………………………….. 14 Wildlife ………………………………………………………………………………….. 16 Socio-economic Components ……………………………………………………………... 18 Economics ……………………………………………………………………………….. 18 Recreation and Scenery ……….………………………………………………………… 19 Heritage Resources ……………………………………………………………………… 21 Travel Management ……………………………………………………………………... 22 Environmental Justice and Civil Rights ………………………………………………… 22 Short-term Uses versus Long-term Productivity ………………………………………... 22 Irreversible and Irretrievable Commitment of Resources ………………………………. 22 Cumulative Effects ………………………………………………………………………... 23 AGENCIES AND PERSONS CONSULTED ……………………………………………. 24 TABLES 1 Comparison of Sand Pine Scrub Existing and Desired Conditions .…………………… 3 2 Details of Alternative B - Proposed Action …....……………………………………… 5 3 Alternative B Road Reconstruction and Maintenance …………….………………….. 6 4 Details of Alternative C - More Contiguous Scrub Habitat …………………………... 7 5 Alternative C Road Reconstruction and Maintenance ...………..….………………….. 8 6 Summary of Activities and Outputs …………………………………………………… 11 7 Summary of Significance Criteria to Support a Finding of No Significant Impact …… 11 8 Trend Analysis of Scrub Opening Size on the Lake George Ranger District …………. 14 9 Summary of Financial Efficiency Analysis - Alternative B ..…………………………. 19 10 Summary of Financial Efficiency Analysis - Alternative C ..…………………………. 19 11 Scenery Analysis ………………………………………………………………………. 20 12 Potential Contribution of Effects ……………………………….……………………… 23 13 Effects of Past, Present, and Reasonably Foreseeable Actions and Disturbances ……... 23 14 Potential Cumulative Effects …………………………..………………………………. 24 15 Agencies and Persons Consulted ………………………………………………………. 24 APPENDICES A Maps B References C Biological Assessment (Wildlife) D Biological Evaluation (Wildlife) E Biological Evaluation (Plants) F Engineering Analysis G Summary of Comments to Public Notice 1 INTRODUCTION Background ________________________________________________________________________ The sand pine-scrub ecosystem was historically regenerated by catastrophic stand replacing wildfires. Due to hazardous fuel conditions, natural wildfires are suppressed now and openings are primarily created by timber harvests. These are similar in their effects to wildfires, but they are usually smaller in size, leave less dead standing snags, and leave more coarse woody debris on the ground. Because timber harvests do not facilitate sand pine regeneration as predictably as wildfires, mechanical site preparation and reforestation of sand pine is often needed to mimic this fire-adapted ecosystem. Many of the species endemic to the scrub, including several federally listed species, depend on the early successional habitat that was historically created by large wildfires. Scrub-jays, sand skinks, and other species associated with early successional scrub habitat have responded favorably in the past to habitat created by the mechanical methods of timber harvest, site preparation, and reforestation. The analysis in this Environmental Assessment (EA) is tiered to other environmental documents that are available for review at the Lake George Ranger District office: EA for Revised Land and Resource Management Plan (LRMP) Amendment Updating Gopher Tortoise, Bald Eagle, Flatwoods Salamander and Florida Scrub-jay Direction (LRMP Amendment 8) (2009). EA for South Ocala Scrub (2009). Sand/Pine Scrub Ecosystem Landscape Scale Assessment. USDA Forest Service. 2008 (Updated 2009). EA for Florida Scrub-jay Pipeline (2008). EA for Florida Scrub-jay Project FY-04 (2007). EA for Route Designation in the Sand Pine Scrub Ecosystem of the Ocala National Forest (ONF) (2007). EA for ONF Prescribed Burning (2006). Final Environmental Impact Statement (FEIS) for Access Designation in Restricted Areas on the ONF (2005). FEIS for the National Forests in Florida, Record of Decision (ROD), and the LRMP (1999). FEIS for Vegetation Management in the Coastal Plain/Piedmont (VMEIS) (1989). Purpose and Need for Action __________________________________________________________ Existing Condition The ONF provides habitat for the largest remaining population of Florida scrub-jays in the world. Under current ecosystem management practices this population has been generally stable to increasing. The current suitable scrub-jay habitat (3-12 years) on the ONF is mapped on page 81 of the 2009 Annual Monitoring and Evaluation Report. There are about 3,400 acres of suitable scrub-jay habitat within the analysis area of this project. Table 1 summarizes the existing condition of sand pine scrub within the analysis area. Desired Condition The following Forest Plan Management Area (MA) goals, forest-wide goals, and forest-wide objectives describe different aspects of the desired condition: Goal: Reduce hazardous fuels to lower the risks of catastrophic wildfire to people and communities, while mimicing the effects of fire on the ecosystem in support of the National Fire Plan. Goal: Increase the average opening size in the sand pine scrub ecosystem to increase scrub-jay occupancy, and better mimic natural disturbance processes that perpetuate rare and endemic plant and animal species in support of Forest Plan MA Standard and Guideline (S&G) 8.2-3 (LRMP, p. 4-47). Goal: Control and eliminate non-native invasive species (NNIS) on the ONF in support of national agency direction. MA 7.1 Goal: To allow or mimic natural processes and patterns to maintain a rich diversity of native plants and animals, including recovery of the red-cockaded woodpecker. To produce poletimber and large pine sawtimber. To provide a wide range of opportunities for people to use and experience the forest. * MA 8.2 Goal: To produce pine pulpwood under conditions that balance efficient timber production practices with practices that promote the growth and perpetuation of species native to the Big Scrub area within the ONF. To provide a wide range of opportunities for people to use and experience the forest (LRMP, p. 4-46). Forest-wide Goal 5: Contribute to the social and economic well-being of local communities by promoting sustainable use of renewable natural resources and participating in efforts to devise creative solutions for economic health (LRMP, p. 2-3). 2 Forest-wide Goal 6: Maintain or, where necessary, restore ecosystem composition, structure, and function within the natural range of variability in all ecosystems, with emphasis on longleaf pine-wiregrass, sand pine-oak scrub, pine flatwoods, hardwood/cypress, oak hammock ecosystems, and other imperiled specialized communities (LRMP, p. 2-3). Forest-wide Goal 8: Conserve and protect important elements of diversity - such as endangered and threatened species habitat, declining natural communities, and uncommon biological, ecological, or geological sites (LRMP, p. 2-4). Forest-wide Goal 9: Manage for habitat conditions to recover and sustain viable populations of all native species, with special emphasis on rare species (LRMP, p. 2-4). Forest-wide Goal 10: Apply prescribed burning technology as a primary tool for restoring fire's historic role in ecosystems (LRMP, p. 2-4). Forest-wide Goal 17: Preserve significant heritage resources as remnants of our cultural heritage by locating, evaluating, and protecting heritage resource sites (LRMP, p. 2-4). Forest-wide Goal 19: Protect, enhance, and where necessary, restore the forest's scenery resource values. Forest-wide Objective 7: Replace between 500 and 1,000 acres of the off-site sand pine to the appropriate native vegetation
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