Mali Livestock for Growth (L4g)

MALI LIVESTOCK FOR GROWTH (L4G)

QUARTERLY REPORT FY2018 QUARTER 1

MALI LIVESTOCK FOR GROWTH (L4G) QUARTERLY REPORT FY2018 QUARTER 1

Contract Number: AID-688-C-14-00004

Submitted to: USAID | Mali

Prepared by: AECOM International Development

DISCLAIMER: The authors’ views expressed in this document do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States Government.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... ii

LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ...... iii

INTRODUCTION ...... 5

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...... 5

TIMBUKTU EXPANSION ...... 6

COMPONENT 1 INCREASED LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION ...... 8

1.1 ENHANCED TECHNOLOGY INNOVATION, DISSEMINATION, AND MANAGEMENT .... 8

1.2 INCREASED ACCESS TO QUALITY INPUTS AND SERVICES ...... 200

1.3 IMPROVED PASTURELAND AND WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT...... 200

1.4 IMPROVED COMMUNITY LITERACY, NUMERACY, NUTRITION, AND HYGIENE PRACTICES ...... 211

COMPONENT II: INCREASED DOMESTIC AND EXPORT TRADE ...... 244

2.1 STRENGTHENED MARKET LINKAGES AND ACCESS ...... 244

2.2 DECREASED BARRIERS TO TRADE ...... 36

GENDER AND YOUTH ...... 37

MONITORING AND EVALUATION ...... 39

COLLABORATING WITH PARTNERS ...... 39

OPERATIONS AND ADMINISTRATION ...... 400

ENVIRONMENTAL COMPLIANCE ...... 40

ANNEX I: FINANCIAL REPORT ...... 411

ANNEX II: INDICATORS ...... 412

SUCCESS STORY: ...... 46

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LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

AMRAD Association Malienne de Recherche-Action pour le Développement AVRDC World Vegetable Centre AE Auxiliaires d’Élevage APESS Association pour la Promotion de l’Élevage au Sahel et en Savane CARE Cooperative for Assistance and Relief Everywhere CILSS Comite Inter-Etats de Lutte contre la Sécheresse au Sahel COP Chief of Party CSA Climate Smart Agriculture DCOP Deputy Chief of Party DNPIA Direction Nationale des Productions et Industries Animales DRSV Regional Directorate of Veterinary Services DLEC Developing Local Extension Capacity FEBEVIM Fédération des groupements interprofessionnels de la Filière Bétail et Viande FFS Farmer Field School FOFBEV Fédération des Operateurs de la Filière du Bétail et de la Viande ICRAF World Agroforestry Center ICD Initiatives, Conseils, Developpement ICRISAT International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics ICT4Ag Information Communication Technology for Agriculture IESC International Executive Service Corps ILRI International Livestock Research Institute IR Intermediate Result IP Implementing Partners L4G Livestock for Growth FtF Feed the Future FFS Famer Field School LMIS Livestock Market Information System M&E Monitoring and Evaluation MFI Microfinance Institution MNLB Multi-Nutritional Licking Blocks MoL Ministry of Livestock MOLF Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries MSME Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises NGO Non-Government Organization

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OMA Observatoire des Marches Agricoles PO Producer Organisation PPCB Cattle Pneumonia RBA Réseau Billital Maroobé SOW Scope of Work SOGEBA Societe Generale de Business Agricoles SPM Senior Program Manager STTA Short-Term Technical Assistance SWOT Strength, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats SVPP Service Vétérinaire Privé de Proximité ToT Training of Trainers UN United Nations USAID United States Agency for International Development VA Village Animator VEGA Volunteers for Economic Growth Alliance WATIH West Africa Trade and Investment Hub WLBP Women’s Livestock as a Business Platform YLBP Youth Livestock as a Business Platform

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INTRODUCTION

This report covers the period extending from October 1, 2017 through December 31, 2017. It highlights major activities and progress made under each component or strategic objective during the period under review. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The USAID Mali Livestock for Growth (L4G) program, implemented by AECOM International Development, made important steps towards meeting the goals established in its annual workplan, as well as its indicator targets. USAID’s request that the program temporarily slow down activities and spending during the first quarter of FY2018, however, did have an impact on the program’s ability to follow its workplan strictly. Nonetheless, several significant milestones were achieved. Notably, after several quarters of sometimes daily efforts by L4G, the Kayes slaughterhouse LAHAM Industries and the Koro Fatteners’ Network signed a Tripartite Forward Contracting Mechanism (TFCM) in November that will provide a consistent supply of cattle to LAHAM, as well as consistent income to the fatteners’ network. With this forward contract, fatteners will be able to more easily access credit to expand their businesses.

Access to finance remains a strain on livestock value chain actors’ ability to grow their businesses. L4G is tackling this problem head on by supporting its clients in applying for USADF grants and microfinance institution loans, but also by linking animal fatteners with well-established traders who would agree to establish a TFCM so fatteners can gain access to small amounts of credit to grow their businesses. On December 21st, L4G held a meeting to link these livestock value chain actors. And to grow sustainable businesses strong business management skills are important. In Quarter 1, L4G performed analyses of its clients’ businesses organizational capacities with a view to provide more tailored trainings.

To promote the capacity building and networking of its partner producer organizations (POs), L4G also facilitated a site visit for producers from Koro and Bankass who traveled to Madiama in Djenne to learn from their peers who have been designated “lead farmers” for their display of acumen and motivation surrounding implementing best practices in the fields and in their businesses. Crop promulgation was the focus of this field trip, and the participants could very clearly see the difference between enhanced methods and traditional farming practices. Koro and Bankass producers were inspired by this visit and L4G has observed an increase in the drive of these POs to implement improved farming practices back in their respective communities.

In Quarter 1, two new Youth as a Business Platforms (YBPFs) were founded in Mopti and Djenne Cercles with a view to empowering youth to become more active and entrepreneurially-organized within the livestock value chain sector. L4G’s partner SVPP veterinarians reported profits of $17,789 USD from vaccinations during the quarter. Individual L4G clients and Producer Organization partners reported sales of multinutritional licking blocks (MNLBs) totaling $3,347 USD, which adds a small additional source of revenue to clients’ primary sources of income. Overall, $ 537, 083 worth of livestock were sold domestically by L4G clients during the quarter and $208,188 worth of livestock were exported. Indeed, in Quarter 1 L4G worked hard to meet its targets, which built the foundation for deeper gains for the rest of the fiscal year. This report outlines activities completed, challenges faced, and successes harnessed during this period.

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TIMBUKTU EXPANSION

Key activities implemented by AMRAD our sub-contracting partner during this period included:

 Awareness raising with distribution of Farmer Field School (FFS) tools for 10 facilitators in Tindirma  Management of 0.25 ha of irrigated cowpea at Godie (Tindirma)  Meeting facilitated between fattners and exporters who took animals to Bamako during the Tabaski Festival  Meeting with producers in charge of producing irrigated cowpea in three communes in Dire  Introducing fattening techniques to producers in the targeted

communes of Goudam A view showing distribution of FFS tools  Use of AKVO tools for tracking areas planted with improved seeds to producers in Godie (Tindirma) on October 21,  Awareness raising to increase the participation of women and youths 2017

in the project activities: this involved 10 POs, comprising 32 men and 23 women from Goudam  Gathering data on livestock trade (purchases and sales)

Outcomes

The most significant outcomes in Timbuktu for this quarter were from sales: 2,475 animals comprising 121 cattle, 1,400 sheep, and 954 goats were sold by 24 POs and 112 individuals for an estimated total value of 74,581,500 CFA or $ 149,163 USD based on a ratio of $1:500 CFA. Please refer to Table 1 below for further details.

Table 1: Sales of cattle, sheep, and goats in Timbuktu during Quarter 1 of FY2018

Animals Individuals Number of POs Animal heads sold Value in FCFA Cattle 30 07 121 2,542,500 Sheep 53 10 1,400 53,138,000 Goats 29 07 954 18,901,000 Total 112 24 2,475 74,581,500

Next Steps

As next steps, the following activities will be implemented in Timbuktu: • Continue using AKVO to track areas planted with improved seeds • Sensitize POs on the use of improved technologies (e.g., double usage fodder crops, techniques for harvesting and storing fodder, treatment of hay with urea, production of licking blocks, intensive animal fattening, animal health, etc.) • Monitor POs that are doing fattening and provide them with technical support • Facilitate the boosting of animal sales to the market through several approaches, such as awareness raising on livestock as a business, bulk selling, linkages between producers and buyers, etc

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SENSITIZATION AND REINFORCEMENT OF L4G CLIENTS’ CAPACITIES CONCERNING PRODUCTION AND COMMERCIALIZATION:

Diré

• L4G, through AMRAD, has trained producer members of POs partnered with L4G on using the organic insecticide, Neem, to protect fodder crops. • 30 L4G producers from participating POs received training on new cultivation methods for cowpea in Moricoira and Arham. • L4G also provided training on the importance of- and how to- save money for growing fodder crops as a business.

Niafunké

• L4G monitored the bourgoutieres, or Bourgou pastures, in the villages of Sibonné, Dabi, Goubo, Goundam Touskel, Tiangara, Batouma. “Bourgou” is a naturally growing fodder grass that is essentially found alongside the humid banks of the Niger River in Mali. • Two sites (ANDIAM OURO et SIBONNE) were identified for FFS animal fattening training. • POs were incentivized to create pilot forage banks, and L4G has provided training for 750 representatives of POs to reinforce their organizational and managerial capacities. • Service providers and retail outlets were identified for the benefit of new entrants to the livestock value chain. Information will be shared during their regular visits by field agents. • Directed POs and individual L4G clients towards target markets to expand their business reach.

Goundam

• 70 women from Guindigata, Bankani camp, and Tondigame received training on collective savings and the advantages of uniting POs in a network. • L4G beneficiaries participated in trainings on constructing storage space for forage conservation • Directed POs and individual L4G clients towards target markets to expand their business reach • L4G continued efforts to link animal fatteners with buyers • The list of local transporters, traders, and exporters was updated • L4G field agents facilitated the linkages through meetings between transporters and livestock traders • Two animal fattening sites were identified in Tonka and Ibrikass I • Three POs were identified as eager to create forage banks : Société Cooperative des Eleveurs de la commune de Kaneye, Association bourgoutiers de Bankoma and Association des jeunes) • 10 new areas of pasture land were identified in the communes of Tonka and Kaneye: Haomofo, Tamachicolt, Intallassa, Dourfala-Fati, Tingamoro, Tinta-Farkal, Tisoumbase, Thili Bella Kaka, Oufatiou, and Amouta • 43 livestock corridors were identified in the communes of Tonka and Kaneye

Results:

• In Dire, L4G succeeded in securing a half of a hectare for FFS training purposes • Four sites in Dire were identified to hold workshops on animal fattening and several volunteer animal fatteners were selected • Two FFS animal fattening sites were identified in Andiam Ouro and Sibonne in Niankunke Cercle • Service providers and retail outlets were identified for the benefit of new entrants to the livestock value chain. • Three POs were engaged to create forage banks in the Cercle of Goundam.

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Next Steps:

• Carry out Training of Trainers workshops to maximize the program’s impact in the zones of intervention. • Follow up with L4G clients to assess success of cowpea farming campaign in Moricoira and Arham. • Sensitize POs on how to conserve rice stalk for the future feeding needs of their animals in Dire Cercle, conveying the importance of forage conservation through forage banks. • Monitor the production of bourgou (bourgu millet/bourgou/hippo grass) from propagation to harvesting. • Continue to train L4G clients on the importance of regrouping themselves in POs and selling their animals in bulk for greater profits and a better economy of scale.

COMPONENT 1 INCREASED LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IR 1.1 ENHANCED TECHNOLOGY INNOVATION, DISSEMINATION, AND MANAGEMENT TASK 1.1.1 MODERNIZE ANIMAL HEALTH DELIVERY SYSTEMS

VETERINARY SERVICES

The three L4G-monitored private SVPP veterinary cabinets in Bankass vaccinated 113,023 animals in the first quarter of FY2018, including 87,437 heads of cattle and 25,586 sheep and goat. Together, these two veterinarians earned $17,789 USD in profit. The vaccination campaign did not appear to have as strong of results as other years’, however, as most animals have been moved out of the targeted zones through transhumance for many reasons, including security. Tables 2-5 below provides details on the vaccines administered, revenues, and profits realized by the SVPPs.

Table 2: Q1 FY2018 Total reported activities and financial returns for three SVPPs Vaccine Margin Animal # of Animals Unit Price Total Revenue Profit

Contagious Pneumonia Cattle 70 216 110 7 723 760 5 898 144 (PPCB) Pasteurellosis Cattle 17 221 100 1 722 100 1 205 470 Pasteurellosis Sheep/ Goat 25 586 100 2 558 600 1 791 020 Total 113 023 12 004 460 8 894 634

Table 3 : Activities and financial returns for SVPP Diallas véto - Hamidou SOKANDA – Bankass zone 2 # of Revenue Profit Vaccine Animal Animals Unit Price (FCFA) Vaccinated (FCFA)

Contagious Cattle Pneumonia (PPCB) Cattle 43 500 110 4 785 000 3 654 000 Pasteurellosis Cattle 14 000 100 1 400 000 980 000

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Pasteurellosis Sheep/Goat 21 750 100 2 175 000 1 522 500 Total 79 250 8 360 000 6 156 500

Table 4: Activities and financial returns of SVPP SENO VETO - Laya TOGO – Bankass zone 1 # of Revenue Profit Vaccine Animal Animals Unit Price (FCFA) Vaccinated (FCFA)

Contagious Cattle Pneumonia (PPCB) Cattle 22 030 110 2 423 300 1 850 520 Pasteurellosis Cattle 1 680 100 168 000 117 600 Pasteurellosis Sheep/Goat 3 263 100 326 300 228 410 Total 26 973 2 917 600 2 196 530

Table 5: Activities and financial returns of SVPP Birama Diakité - Koro # of Revenue Profit Vaccine Animal Animals Unit Price (FCFA) Vaccinated (FCFA)

Contagious Cattle Pneumonia (PPCB) Cattle 4 686 110 515 460 393 624 Pasteurellosis Cattle 1 541 100 154 100 107 870 Pasteurellosis Sheep/Goat 573 100 57 300 40 110 Total 6 800 726 860 541 604

During the first quarter of FY2018, L4G provided SVPPs, Laya Togo and Hamidou Sokanda of Bankass, with a cold-chain storage unit that L4G had purchased in 2015 for another SVPP who, after recruitment, decided against taking the job. This addition of a cold-chain storage unit will allow the SVPPs to expand their vaccination coverage because certain medicines must be kept chilled, meaning the distance the SVPPs can cover has been expanded.

Table 6: List of all materials L4G has provided SVPPs Quantity by SVPP Item Laya Togo Hamidou Sokanda Office table 1.6m 1 Office chairs half-minister 1 Wooden table 1 Metal cabinet 1 Storage box 1 Visitor chairs 2 2 Samsung rg1470 refrigerator 1

Sharp 200L freezer sj20 1 Stabilizers airstar 1000v 1 1 Iceboxes 3 3 Syringes pistols 1 2 Plexiglass syringes 20cc 6 4 Digital thermometer 5 5 IM needle 24 24

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Quantity by SVPP Item Laya Togo Hamidou Sokanda Needles S / C 24 24 Needles IV 24 24 Stethoscope 1

Gas heater 3 3 Surgical gloves 50 50 Gloves 49 51 Sprayer 1 1

Next Steps:

During the next quarter, L4G has established an important list of activities it will undertake towards meeting the program’s targets. These activities include: • Continue providing monitoring and support of the livestock vaccination campaign • Provide needed support of SVPPs and their Veterinary Assistants (AEs) to build their professional capacities • Work with L4G clients to continue to advance the implementation of animal health best- practices • Incorporate the recommendations from the ICD diagnostic study, which L4G submitted to USAID, into the workplan.

ANIMAL BREEDING

No animal breeding activities occurred during the period under review. Breeding activities occurred last year and we do not intend to further push for this because breeding is a long-term activity and our project does not have enough time left to embark on this. Instead, the focus between now and the remainder of the project would be to strengthen the skills of producers in areas, such as animal health, fattening, and marketing techniques.

TASK 1.1.2 DEVELOP AND DISSEMINATE MESSAGES ABOUT GOOD LIVESTOCK MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AND ISSUES

IMPROVING EXTENSION AND ADVISORY SERVICES

In an effort to expand the reach of its messaging on animal health, L4G has been using radio broadcasting to reach people in rural areas to enhance the work of its staff and of Village Animators (VAs). In Quarter 1, L4G renewed its contracts with the radio stations used to disseminate messages on improved technologies and best practices. These radio stations include Katiguiya of Baye, Seno of Bankass, Kanda of Bandiagara, Orona of Koro, and Bogrin Beru of Koporona.

Each radio broadcasts every day for about 8 minutes, without exceeding 4 hours of total broadcasting per month. Major topics covered in these broadcastings included among other things the following: animal health, vaccination periods according to expected types of diseases, functioning of SVPPs, role and importance of multi-nutritional licking blocks (MNLBs), marketing/trading techniques, nutritional and fodder value of Moringa.

LISTENING COMMITTEES

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27 listening committees were established in 24 villages in 16 communes within the Mopti region. These involved 403 members comprising 238 women (59%) and 165 men (41%). Most members (359 or 82%) came from PO’s working with L4G.

The role of these committees is twofold: evaluate the quality of broadcasting by the contracted radios as well as evaluate the number of people listening to the programming and the impact the broadcasting is having on the targeted populations.

For details about the committees put in place, please, refer to Table 7 below.

Table 7 Listening committees established Producer Number of PO Cercle Commune Village Organization people members (PO) Male Female Yes No Toumo ibe Bandiagara Dandoli Sassadi 19 13 23 09 Toumo Youdiou Ogodegou Degou-Bere 14 0 09 05 Koro Dougoutene1 Demoro Ama-igre 07 20 17 10 Koro Koro Bire-ire 01 06 06 01 Bankass Baré Tingal 20 05 25 00 Tiembara Amabara 13 05 14 04 Dimbal SoulaKanda Somina 07 03 10 00 Dimbal Tamadiouga 3 5 8 Pissa Benkadi 2 11 13 Baye Dembagnouman 00 17 17 00 Baye Benkadi dara 01 16 16 01 Tori Tori Nomodjiga 08 08 07 09 Koulogon Amakéné-Faida- 2 18 20

Bankass Djiguitougou Koulogon Déna Sindjeré 3 14 17 Eridiana Anadjiriyama 8 7 15 Soubala Sodjouga 0 13 13 Soubala Orotéguèrè Benkadi-Ass. E.P 8 7 15 Sadia peulh Waldè Marobè 13 0 13 Kanibonzon Dabadji Diallassagou Diallassagou Benkadi 2 8 10 Diallassagou Djiguiseme 0 18 18 Nènè Djiriyama 12 6 18 Sossolitala 02 11 08 05 Mopti Sio Soufouroulaye Faso djigui 04 07 11 00 Fakala Sofara Benkadi 00 07 07 00 3 OP L4G du Dandougou Konio 00 11 11 00 village Djenne Sorote mogote 08 00 08 00 Madiama Madiama allaye Faso Kanu 08 02 10 00 16 27 OP/club Total 24 villages communes d’écoute 165 238 359 44

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Listening committees set up in Demoro (commune of Dougoutene1) Listening committees set up in Konio (commune of Dandougou Fakala)

EVALUATING REACH OF RADIO MESSAGING

An evaluation by the radio listening committees on the quality and coverage of messages disseminated revealed that populations from the Cercles of Bankass, Koro, Bandiagara, and Mopti were tuning in with no problem. But populations from three villages in Djenne, Sofara, Konio, and Madiama had problems tuning in. L4G has decided to begin working with ORTM-Mopti radio in lieu of Bamana Djenne radio and Mopti Kounary radio because they were less effective than desired. The evaluation was done by L4G Nutrition Specialist, Ousmane Sankare. In terms of impact after three months, the targeted populations in Koro and Bankass have reported a better understanding of the following issues:

 The importance of multi-nutritional licking blocks in animal fattening and general animal nutrition  Vaccination periods for both small and large ruminants  The value of Moringa oleifera in both human and animal nutrition  The importance of early breast feeding, exclusive maternal breast feeding during the baby’s first six months, and growth and application of best hygiene practices (hand washing with tippy-tap system). In Baye, one woman testified that, thanks to the L4G broadcasting, her husband accepted that she eats more nutritious food during her current pregnancy compared to her previous pregnancy.

MEETINGS WITH CONTRACTED RADIO MANAGEMENT, SVPP CENTERS, AND GOVERNMENT TECHNICAL SERVICES ON LIVESTOCK MANAGEMENT AND SERVCES

During this period, Nutrition Specialist, Ousmane Sankare visited the directors of local radios, the two L4G-monitored SVPPs, and SLPIA (Service locale des productions et industries animales) and focal points in each commune. The directors of the local radio stations agreed that broadcasting of livestock management-related messages should continue, and they wanted to see interactive discussions on specific themes of interest be organized. A key recommendation by SVPPs was that they should participate in special on-air group discussions with a view to encouraging the producers to vaccinate and properly take care of animals. Finally, with the SLPIA and focal points in each commune, it was agreed that they would participate as needed in organized public debates so as to contribute to better informing producers and their respective groups on important issues of interest in order to foster positive behavior change among targeted groups and communities.

Also during the period, two messages were created that focused on animal fattening techniques, forage harvesting, and fodder storage and conservation.

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TASK 1.1.3 IMPROVE LIVESTOCK FORAGE AND ANIMAL FEED PRODUCTION AND SUPPLY

FARMER FIELD SCHOOLS (FFS)

In the Cercles of Bankass, Koro, Mopti, Tombouctou and Djenne the FFS cattle fattening activities began at several sites in Quarter I under the guidance of L4G Coordinators and Field Agents. L4G has made materials available for the successful launch of the demonstration initiative. Producers have been working towards meeting their contribution goals: digging pits for enriching hay using urea, collecting hay, and buying animals to fatten. A collaboration contract has been created for beneficiaries, animal owners, and all that remains is a signature to begin work.

Twenty one FFS sites have been identified, and activities have begun at three sites while L4G makes preparations to procure the necessary supplies to advance FFS activities at the other 18 sites. Table 8 provides a breakdown of the 21 sites by locality.

Table 8: Farmer Field School groups by location Cercles Communes Villages Responsables Bankass Kani-Bonzon Sadia Dogon Ibrahim Tembely Bankass Baye Pissa Idrissa Tangara Bankass Tori Tori Augustin Kiénou Bankass Dimbal-Habbè Logon Oumarou Sankaré Bandiagara Dandoli Dandoli Jean Guindo Koro Koro Don, Bakary Traoré Koro Dougouténé 2 Tinsagou Zanké Youssouf Koro Youdiou Youdiou Moriba Koné Mopti Socoura Gnimintongo Haroumakan Touré Mopti Sio Souffroulaye Haroumakan Touré Djenné Dandougou Fakala Konio Boubacar Zan Diarra Djenné Madiama Toumadiama Boubacar Zan Diarra Djenné Fakala Sofara Boubacar Koné Niafunké Soboundou 2 sites (Andiam Ouro et Sibonne) Yacouba Sogodogo Goundam Tonka Tonka Amadou Diarra Goundam Kaneye Ibrikass Amadou Diarra Diré Tindirma, Arham, Bourem sidi Amar 4 sites Omar Konaté Total 19 communes 21 sites

Table 9 illustrates the materials provided to FFS groups in Bankass:

Table 19: Materials provided at 5 FFS sites in Bankass

Item Provided Delivered To Be Delivered Total

Wheelbarrow 5 0 5 Shovel 5 0 5 Rakes 5 0 5 Scale 5 0 5 Drinking troughs 50 0 50 Feeders 50 0 50 Rope 50 0 50 Posts 0 50 50

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In Djenne Cercle the association Badenya de Toumadiama from Madiama commune that is working with L4G’s FFS programming. The training began December 5th with 10 POs sending their Village Animators (VAs) to the gathering. The villages of Madiama, Torokoro, Tatia Nouna, Bangassi and Toumadiama were represented.

The following themes were discussed: - Introduction to FFS animal fattening, its place in adult learning, and its potential for increased profits - How to choose the right animal for fattening (breed, age, weight, sex, etc) - Treatment of hay with urea - Feed rationing when fattening animals - Fabricating multi-nutritional licking blocks (MNLBs)

At the FFS sites in Konio and Toumandiama, the cattle had been sufficiently fattened as of December that the FFS participants who owned the cattle were confident they would be able to sell the cattle at a profit in the second quarter of FY2018.

Dete rmining the age of a cow for fattening under FFS Tomadiama- Pits dug for urea enrichment of hay for animal fattening in Pissa 5Decembre 2017 (Maidama Commune, Djenne Cercle) FFS site December 2017 (Baye Commune, Bankass Cercle)

Weighing of hay to be treated with urea Toumadiama FFS site 5 Treating hay with urea in Toumadiama FFS site, 5 decembre 2017 decembre 2017 (Madiama Commune, Djenne Cercle)

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Bull at time of purchase in 5 December 2017 – to be fattened in Same bull at 8 January 2018 after one month of fattening in Toumadiama Toumadiama FFS Site FFS Site

In Quarter 2, L4G will continue working with FFS groups in Konio, Gnimintongo, and Toumadiama, and will commence work with the remaining ten FFS groups in Koro, Bankass, Bandiagara, Mopti, Djenne, and eventually Timbuktu. L4G will also prepare to begin FFS fattening of sheep with clients.

EXPANDING FATTENING ACTIVITIES

With farming activities coming to an end for the agricultural season, L4G clients began in November and December to invest more in the intensive, market-oriented fattening of cattle and sheep following L4G- provided trainings on optimizing the management of resources as well as on maximizing profits. Table 10 shows the number of animals put on an animal fattening regimen.

Table 10: Number of animals being fattened during Quarter 1 PO Makeup Livestock that began fattening regimen

Number of Cercle M W total Cattle Sheep Goat POs Koro 135 2771 6487 9376 272 6218 38 Bankass 143 2128 5624 7752 969 10596 437 Bandiagara 41 1236 1884 3120 374 1036 49 Mopti 27 582 1029 1613 499 542 208 Djénné 30 866 1013 1879 1443 740 217 Total 376 7583 16037 23740 3557 19132 949

FODDER PRODUCTION STRATEGY

Florent Mercier (STTA Canada) and Abdou Yahouza (IR1 Lead) led training on post-harvesting techniques from October 12th to 17th. The purpose was to enhance the capacity of local trainers to improve the knowledge and know-how on key topics/issues, such as improved harvesting, drying, and storage of fodder with a view to optimizing the livestock activities in their areas. Sixty-eight (68) local trainers comprising 55 men and 13 women participated. These included L4G’s Field Agents and Field Coordinators from Koro, Bankass, Bandiagara, Mopti, Djenne, Dire, Nianfunke, and Goundam. A few village animators as well as field officers from SLPIA and several SVPPs also participated in the training.

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Both photos: practical demonstration of harvesting fodder using scythe – October 17th

After this training, several cascade trainings were conducted and continue to be conducted in all L4G intervention areas. This has allowed POs and individual producers to build forage stocks for their fattening activities or to be sold during the peak of the dry season when forage is scare. Data on storage, marketing and use of fodder has been collected in villages where producers have been trained. The table below shows the number of producers trained through these cascade trainings.

Table 11: People receiving cascade trainings on harvesting and forage conservation techniques Cercles Men Women Total Koro 155 364 519 Djenné 13 15 28 Goundam 182 23 205 Diré 12 0 12 Total 362 402 764

GEOREFERENCED DEMONSTRATION PLOTS

The plots of ninety-one (91) producers from Koro, Bankass, Mopti, and Djenne were georeferenced by L4G Field Agents and Cercle’s coordinators with a view to estimating the number of hectares under improved technologies. As outlined in Table 9, 40.357ha have been georeferenced, comprising 26.215 for Groundnut Fleur 11; 7.814 ha for Cowpea; 6.070 ha for Sorghum; 2.22 ha for Voandzu; and 0.038 ha for Bourgou.

Table 12: L4G-georeferenced land, including planted crops Cercles Number of Number of Areas planted/ Georeferenced Total Communes Producers Groundnut Cowpea Millet Voandzou Bourgou Areas (Ha) (Ha) (Ha) (Ha) (Ha) (Ha) Koro 6 31 15.2 3.3 3.2 0.2 21.9 Bankass 29 7.44 3.48 0 0.02 10.94 Mopti 2 14 0.095 .034 2.870 0 0.038 4.037 Dejenné 3 17 3.48 0 0 0 3.48 Total 91 26.215 7.814 6.070 2.22 0.038 40.357

The tables below provide details on the yields recorded and corresponding sales from the georeferenced plots.

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Table 13: Forage production on georeferenced sites Quantité Quantité Superficie produite en vendue en Montant Cercles No.PO (Ha) fourrage fourrage (CFA) (Kg) (Kg) Bandiagara 02 1 960 960 42 500 Bankass 33 14 11 242 2 305 79 000 Koro 20 29 27 130 1 000 110 000 Total 57 44 39 332 4 265 231 500

Table 14: Seed production on georeferenced sites Production Production Production Production de graine de graine de graine Cercles de graine Total en Niébé en arachide en sorgho en Mil (KG) (KG) (KG) (KG) Bandiagara 413 828 - - 1 241 Djenné - 29 291 - - 29 291 Mopti 1 716 2 995 1 983 11 069 17 763 Total 2,129 33,114 1,983 11,069 48,295

SEED AND FORAGE PRODUCTION

On the land managed by L4G clients and tracked by L4G, an impressive amount of forage and seeds were harvested in Quarter I. Table 15 outlines seed and forage production in the Cercles of Timbuktu, Koro, Bankass, Bandiagara, Mopti and Djénné monitoring of seed and forage production within L4G-tracked plots produced the following data:

Table 15: Seed and forage production by Cercle

Planned Usage (kg) Producer Organizations Production (kg) Cercle Internal-PO For Sale Groups Women M & W Forage Seed Forage Seed Forage Seed Koro 135 6,487 9,376 30,035 14,713 23,425 5,163 6,610 9,550 Bankass 143 5,624 7,752 50,755 10,371.5 49,944 9,560.5 811 811 Bandiagara 41 1,884 3,120 8,423.4 2,154.5 7,463.4 1,194.5 960 960 Mopti 27 1,029 1,613 8,2471 20,513 Djénné 30 1,013 1,879 24,331 18,001 12436 14911 11,895 3,090 Timbuktu 4,215 79 Total 376 16,037 23,740 187,821.4 64,554 93,268.4 30,829 20,276 14,411

Following these results and thanks to the training and awareness L4G provided, many POs have initiated the storage of fodder and warehouse receipts systems to optimize their livestock business activities. During Quarters 2 and 3, L4G will be able to report on the impact of storing forage for use or sale during the peak of the dry season.

At the beginning of the agricultural season, L4G provided selected producers with seeds for planting

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under the condition that the producers would reimburse 50 percent of the seeds after harvest. The seeds would be put into a seed bank that other producers could borrow from under the same condition. For the most recent agricultural growing season, the reimbursement process is underway in all L4G zones of implementation and the project will be able to report on the process in the next quarterly report.

Cowpea harvest at Horogoungou (TB2) first round – Dec 18, 2018

The next steps for seed and forage production include: • Data collection on the profitability and commercialization of multinutritional licking blocks • Data collection on sales of harvested seeds and fodder • Facilitate cascade trainings on forage harvesting and conservation • Strengthen the capacity of the management committees overseeing forage banks • Facilitate a seamless reimbursement of seeds (50 percent of harvest) to L4G by producers who received seeds in Q3 FY2017 • Link forage bank supply with local animal fatteners

FORAGE CHOPPING MACHINES

On November 9th, ILRI organized a demonstration test in Sevare on fodder shredding/chopping techniques using a new machine type designed and produced by SCAFON, based on a prototype imported from Niger. This was made possible, thanks to the good partnership/collaboration that was established between ILRI, L4G, and Care HARANDE. SCAFON stands for “Societe Cooperative des Forgerons de Niono” (Niono Blacksmith Cooperative, Limited). The demonstration was satisfactory both in terms of the quality of output produced as well as the amount of losses that were reduced to a minimum. This new equipment/tool therefore could serve as an important production tool for the fatteners as well as a new business opportunity for the youth and women groups, women platforms, or fattener networks who are interested in investing in this tool to provide the needed services in exchange for a fee. Participants to this demonstration included staff from L4G, ILRI, CARE, representatives of the Government of Mali (DRPIA) and several producers. The shredder allows for the fodder to be processed into powder form so that 80 to 100% of the feed becomes digestible as compared to the rough stage.

In 2016 L4G purchased straw-choppers to assess whether they would have an impact on L4G clients’ ability to provide quality forage to their livestock using the leftovers from normal harvesting for human consumption. The machines previously procured, it has been determined, did not meet the standards

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required by L4G clients in terms of output quantity and quality. The new machines originate from Niger, are of a more durable caliber, and are able to shred larger quantities and thicker plants. The pictures below illustrate the use of the new forage chopping machines, which allow for better rationing for animals.

L4G explaining how the machine works Practical shredding of different fodder Produced outcome from the shredding: types with the machine shreds with stalks from millet, maize, cowpea, and pressed cake from cotton

MULTI-NUTRITIONAL LICKING BLOCKS (MNLB):

During the First Quarter, 1,841 multi-nutritional licking blocks were produced, with an estimated value of 1,673 550 CFA or $ 3,347 USD. MNLB production was introduced to 40 POs in 13 communes. Please see Table 16 below for details on overall MNLB production for this period.

Table 16: Quarter 1 Multi-Nutritional Licking Block (MNLB) Production

Number of MNLBs Cercles Communes Quantity sold Amount (CFA) POs Produced

Bandiagara 3 188 95 47 500 Bankass 2 95 56 16 800 Baye 3 43 43 19 000 Dandougou Fakala 1 45 45 35 000 Dimbal 1 15 15 15 000 Fakala 1 52 52 26 000 Bankass Kani-Bonzon 1 75 50 37 500 Koulogon 1 17 17 12 750 Ouenkoro 15 686 673 673 000 Sokoura 8 665 656 656 000 Soubala 1 16 16 12 000 Tori 2 115 110 110 000

Djenné Madiama 1 13 13 13 000 Total 40 2 025 1 841 1 673 550

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IR 1.2 INCREASED ACCESS TO QUALITY INPUTS AND SERVICES TASK 1.2.1 IMPROVE ACCESS TO ANIMAL HEALTH INPUTS AND SERVICES

L4G trained the SVPPs and provided them with small grants which enabled them to purchase the animal health inputs, such as vaccines and de-worming medicines, and provide quality vet services to the producers. TASK 1.2.2 IMPROVE ACCESS TO ANIMAL NON-HEALTH INPUTS, FACILITIES, AND ADVISORY SERVICES

L4G, through FFS, trained the POs in fodder crop production, harvesting, and storage and as a result non-health inputs are becoming available in the targeted areas of the project. TASK 1.2.3 IMPROVE ACCESS TO FINANCE AND BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT SERVICES

L4G regularly seeks ways of linking the producer groups with finance service providers, such as the MFIs (micro-finance institutions). In addition, we have contributed to the establishment of an agreement between LAHAM (Industrial meat processor) and the producer groups. Finally, we have also been pushing to connect the big exporting groups and the producers. So, gradually as these different initiatives progress and bear fruit, more and more POs are likely to benefit from a more readily access to finance and business development services.

IR 1.3 IMPROVED PASTURELAND AND WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT TASK 1.3.1 ASSIST PASTORALISTS AND LIVESTOCK FARMERS TO IMPROVE WATER POINTS FOR LIVESTOCK AND IN STRATEGIC PLANNING FOR THE REALIZATION OF NEW WATER POINTS

WATERPOINTS CONSTRUCTION AND REHABILITATION

AECOM issued an RFP in October in an effort to select a construction firm to build photovoltaic pumping systems at six (6) livestock markets and two (2) grazing areas in several communes of the Mopti region (in Koro and Bankass Districts). There is currently not reliable access to drinking water for livestock at many, if not most, livestock markets across Mopti and Timbuktu. The RFP process culminated in eight firms meeting the minimum technical grade to have their financial offers reviewed by the bid analysis team. Additional follow up questioning and price negotiation needed to take place at the end of Quarter 1, but it can be reported that SONINKARA was selected as the chosen firm to build six waterpoints at six livestock markets in Koro and Bankass Districts. Environmental approvals from USAID, construction manual elaboration for the chosen firm, budget negotiation, and contract drafting and signing are currently pending, but AECOM anticipates being able to begin work in Quarter 2.

WATER MANAGEMENT COMMITTEES

In November, twenty-seven members (including 5 women) of five water management committees were trained on the use of water infrastructure and related resource management in Koulogon, Ouenkoro, Tori and Youdiou Communes. These 27 in turn will replicate the training to their peers in their respective Communes to ensure a good stewardship of the drilled water points and related infrastructure once the engineering work is over.

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TASK 1.3.2 PROMOTE IMPROVED GRAZING AND PASTURELAND/ RANGELAND MANAGEMENT PRACTICES FOR SUSTAINABLE LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION

During the period under review, most efforts were put on equipping the drilling water points with solar pumps, setting up water management committees, and training them in the best techniques to manage existing natural pasture lands. Thus, no direct activities in terms of pastureland management occurred during the period under review.

PROMOTING FORAGE BANKS

AECOM’s effort to sensitize communities on the need for proper management of harvested forage is beginning to have an impact on the behavior of L4G clients. Many POs in all L4G zones have begun to put in place collective forage banks. The women of PO Amayo de Tere and Nadjuko of Guillassagou of Koro Cercle compiled large stocks of fodder in order to set up a forage bank in their respective villages and have access to forage during the peak of the dry season. Together they have amassed 8 tons of straw, 4.5 tons of cowpea foliage, and 4 tons of peanut foliage. IR 1.4 IMPROVED COMMUNITY LITERACY, NUMERACY, NUTRITION, AND HYGIENE PRACTICES TASK 1.4.1 IMPROVED COMMUNITY LITERACY AND NUMERACY

FARMER FIELD SCHOOL

The Farmer Field School approach to promoting the adoption of improved technology contributes significantly to the improved literacy of the populations served by L4G. On October 5th, a group of 30 lead farmers (6 women and 24 men) from Koro, Bandiagara, and Bankass Cercles traveled to Madiama in Djenne to visit the Farmers Field School (FFS) trial plots in Madiama. L4G Coordinators and Field Agents facilitated an important exchange of ideas and knowledge between L4G client peers, engendering increased interest in implementing improved technologies at the lead farmers’ respective farms.

Lead farmer, Moussa Sao, showing the crops under improved Crops being maintained under traditional practices technology to visiting farmers

As illustrated in the two pictures above, the visit went very well and it enabled the lead farmers from Koro, Bankass, and Bandiagara to observe firsthand the tangible difference between field-plots where the FFS techniques were properly applied (left) and a control plot where such techniques were not applied (right). Clearly, when the FFS is properly applied, crops grow more robustly and plentifully compared to a control plot.

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After their experience, the lead farmers from Koro, Bankass, and Bandiagara pledged to return to their communities and replicate the same technology on their own farms during the next growing season. It was an important eye-opening experience that convinced the visiting lead farmers on the value of the FFS approach.

From October 30th to November 3th 2017 In Konio (Djenne Cercle) another FFS training activity took place that was focused on training L4G clients on properly harvesting different commodities planted in the demonstration plots. Below are several pictures illustrating the outcome from these harvests in Konio.

Transportation of fodder from the field to storage A woman with a freshly uprooted groundnut with pods

Collection of groundnut prior to separation of pods Groundnut hay being separated from pods

On a small demonstration plot of only 0.5 ha, 3-4 wheelbarrows full of groundnut hay and groundnut grains were harvested.

For the Mopti Region, L4G has established five FFS sites with dual purpose peanut, including three (3) in Djenne Cercle and two in Mopti Cercle. In the Timbuktu Region, FFS sites were also established in late October for irrigated crops and recessional cowpea and Bourgou. The table below provided the details on the FFS on dual purpose groundnut in Djenne and Mopti Cercles

Table 17 Fodder and grain production results from the FFS trials by L4G in Mopti Region Fodder Date Date Area Commune FFS Site Produced Seed Planted Harvested Cultivated (kg) Fakala Bambaraweli 09/08/2017 30/10/2017 0.18 ha 444 95 Dandougou Konio 06/08/2017 31/10/2017 0.5 ha 350 98 Fakala Madiama Madiama 08/08/2017 01/11/2017 0.5 ha 150 78 Sio Souffroulaye 03/08/2017 05/11/2017 0.5 ha 100 0 Socoura Bakoro 04/08/2017 03/11/2017 0.5 ha 200 0 Total 1244 271

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NB: The late planting in August combined with the early ending of the rainfalls in September did not allow crops to complete their growth cycle. Some control plots produced less than 50 KG of fodder per Ha, but 0 KG per Ha for grains.

Concerning usage, the seeds were given to the owners of the plots while keeping the fodder for the FFS demonstrations on fattening. TASK 1.4.2 IMPROVE NUTRITION AND HYGIENE AT THE COMMUNITY LEVEL

After receiving training from L4G on nutritional and hygiene habits (AEN and AEH), VAs provided cascade training to 28 POs from 17 villages in five communes, reaching 754 participants including 415 women and 339 men. These trainings helped bring about behavior change on the part of the communities L4G serves.

Three out of eight households visited by the L4G Nutrition Specialist (November and December 2017) in Konio (Commune de Dandougou Fakala) and Sofara (Commune de Fakala) had the “Tip-tap” set up for handwashing. L4G will continue to promote the practices for even greater adoption of best hygiene practices.

EVALUATION OF THE PO’S ADOPTION OF GOOD HYGIENE AND NUTRITION PRACTICES

In December L4G evaluated the adoption of best hygiene and nutrition practices by 18 POs that had received training on these topics by Harande and L4G. This included six POs in Bandiagara, eight POs in Bankass, and four POs in Koro. In each village, focus groups filled out an evaluation form, which also served as an opportunity to provide additional training to clients and correct misinformation.

Most PO members that were surveyed affirmed having received one or more trainings on good nutrition and hygiene practices provided as cascade training by their respective VAs. According to PO members, these trainings have provided them with the knowledge required to significantly improve their practices at home. The trainings they had received also helped participants see the importance in giving up old practices, notably not feeding colostrum to babies because it was considered bad milk; not washing one’s hands in the same bucket as someone else; not exclusively breastfeeding infants; bad breastfeeding practices; and beliefs that certain practices are taboo for pregnant and breastfeeding mothers, when really, they benefit the baby.

Below are several images from these focus group meetings:

Focus group meeting of the PO of Sokolo Meeting of PO from Guillasssagou Dougoutene 1

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Both photos: Usage of tippy-tap system in Sokand village, Dimbal commune, Bankass Cercle by members of PO Boguinaton

As a result of these trainings, L4G has learned valuable lessons that should help to increase adoption of improved hygiene and nutrition practices by L4G clients. In the future, L4G will:

 Provide trainings to POs one at a time, theme by theme to avoid confusion between topics.  Organize retraining on information previously communicated to further instill best practices, ensuring VAs have the best messages.  Conduct post-training follow up by the Field Agent and the Nutrition specialist.  Provide new trainings on the importance of micronutrients such as iron, vitamin A and iodine.

MESSAGE DISSEMINATION

During the quarter there was no dissemination of messages because the first broadcast contract with local radio stations had expired and a new contract could not be signed until the program was made available new funds. However during the same period 2 messages were elaborated especially on fattening techniques, and techniques of harvesting, storage and preservation of fodder.

TRAINING ON BASIC NUTRITIONAL PRACTICES AND HYGIENE TECHNIQUES

The terms of reference and the training modules were developed by the Nutrition specialist. Given the security situation in Niafunke and in the whole Timbuktu region, the travel has not yet taken place. COMPONENT II INCREASED DOMESTIC AND EXPORT TRADE

IR 2.1 STRENGTHENED MARKET LINKAGES AND ACCESS TASK 2.1.1 IMPROVE VERTICAL LINKAGES TO BUILD TRUST AND SUSTAINABLE MARKET RELATIONSHIPS

BUILDING CAPACITY OF WOMEN’S LIVESTOCK BUSINESSES

During the forums, the women also took the opportunity to do some internal resource mobilization by

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paying their membership fees. Usually, POs provide internal loans to their members for investing into income generating economic activities (e.g. small ruminant fattening) Please see picture and Table 18 below:

In Bankass, a total of $3,654 was internally mobilized by the platform members from different localities (see Table 8 below)

Table 18: Internal membership fees collected by the women platform members in Bankass

Montant de la Commune Representative caisse (FCFA)

Bankass 150,000 Fanta Bah Ouenkoro 557,000 Hawa Sankaré Baye 100,000 Amata Dembé Ségué 125,000 Aminata Djibo Dimbal 190,000 Kadia Tessougué Koulongon 221,000 Hawa Senou Sokoura 105,000 Mariam Traoré Kani-Bonzon 150,000 Kadia Guindo Lessagou 63,000 Mariam Zalé Diallassagou 91,000 Safiatou Togo Soubala 75,000 Ada Guindo Tori - Bintou Arama Total 1,827,000

For the WLBP members from Ouenkoro Commune, in addition to the membership fees, their collected amount included also the collective sale values of multinutritional blocks and fodder.

LINKING PRODUCERS AND FATTENERS WITH SUSTAINABLE DEMAND FOR CATTLE

On November 21st the Representatives of Koro animal fatteners Network signed a forward contract with LAHAM, the slaughterhouse, after several months of hard work and collaboration on the part of L4G, Koro fatteners Network, and LAHAM. This contract is the result of many negotiations with LAHAM and daily follow-up by L4G team.

One of the demands of the Koro animal fatteners Network was that LAHAM would pay for transportation of animals from Koro to the slaughterhouse in Kayes. LAHAM ultimately agreed to cover transportation costs only during the peak of the dry season when animal feed is scarce, as a form of compensation for the increased fattening/production cost. The maximum amount of this contribution is

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established by LAHAM at 800 000 FCFA for a Truck arriving from Koro and 600 000 FCFA for a Truck arriving from Bankass. After signing the contract, 45 heads of cattle were delivered to LAHAM at a value of 14,536,500 FCFA or $29,073 USD. Per the contract, the Koro fatteners will ship at least 35 heads of cattle per month for one year, after which time the contact will be reviewed and hopefully renewed. L4G will work prodigiously over the course of the next year to ensure that the Koro Fatteners meet and exceed their obligations under the contract so LAHAM is more willing to execute additional forward contracts in the future.

With the signing of this forward contract, the Koro animal fattener Network will be able to secure bank loans. L4G is promoting similar business linkages approach with livestock traders in Bamako and producers-fatteners accompanied by L4G in Mopti region. The section below describes this Tripartite Forward Contracting Mechanism (TFCM) process.

PROMOTING FORWARD CONTRACTS TO OBTAIN BANK LOANS AND EXPAND BUSINESSES

Considering the enormous difficulties surrounding the access to credit/loans by small holder producers and fatteners, L4G is initiating an alternative an approach called a tripartite forward contracting mechanism (TFCM)—which was tested with some degree of success by the World Bank in Latin America. Under this approach, both the buyer and producer establish a contract with a binding clause stipulating that the producer should deliver a specified amount of goods at specified quality at a specified deadline to the buyer who will take delivery and immediately pay the producer at an agreed price in advance. The contract also stipulates that the defaulting party would be in the obligation to compensate the other party for any inconvenience incurred. Once the contract is signed by both parties, then the producer can take the contract to a bank of his choice and seek to obtain an equivalent loan that would enable him/her to deliver the expected goods on time. If the banks agree, another clause is added to indicate that the buyer would have to make the payment of goods through the bank. This additional clause is signed now by all three parties.

Based on this tripartite agreement, the producer obtains a loan needed to produce the required goods for the buyer. The buyer in turn pays the goods at the agreed price to the producer through the bank. The bank deducts their fees and the remainder goes to the producer. In so doing, everybody comes out of the deal as a winner: 1) the producer gets the loan needed to produce and deliver the goods on time; 2) the buyer gets quality goods delivered on time, hence increasing his/her potential to make more profits; 3) and the bank or financial service provider by deducting their fees from the payment received from the buyer minimizes the risks of not getting paid.

It is against this backdrop that L4G has identified several leading livestock traders (buyers) that are willing to participate in this TFCM approach. The table below lists the names of these champion livestock traders that have already agreed to work with L4G. The next step will be to link these traders with a select number of trustworthy Producers Organizations and then the contracting mechanism can be set up. Once a contract is signed by both parties, L4G will further assist the POs in finding the right bank that can provide a loan at a reasonable interest rate so business can begin.

L4G has identified leading traders willing to participate in this contracting process. On December 21th the project organized a meeting at L4G’s Sevare office with traders/fatteners. This meeting allowed economic VC actors to share and exchange for building this opportunity as business linkages that can contribute and facilitate access to get loans and finance to be invested in livestock as business. The table 19 indicates a partial list of interested traders to move forward with the TFCM approach.

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Table 19 Lead traders willing to participate in tripartite forward contracting Enterprise & Trader Purchased and Export and Domestic Contact Name supplied species destination market Cattle, sheep & Tiefari KONE Zegua & Abidjan 79 21 99 23/ 66 78 92 28 goat Sékou DIA et associés sheep Senegal 79 06 75 18 Tjapato BAH sheep Senegal 69 42 40 64 Hadji Diallo Cattle Kati Daaral 76 11 80 13 Samba Mahamoudou Cissé Sheep & goat Bamako sans-Fil 66 88 09 27 Boukary Alpha Bocoum Sheep Bamako Sans-fil 74 57 55 41 Mamy Sacko Goat Bamako Sénou 75 10 27 52/60 68 75 23 Boukel Diallo Cattle Bamako Sans-fil 79 37 46 53 Brahima Bah Cattle Bamako sans-fil 74 07 76 85 Mamoudou Togo Cattle Baye 78 76 68 32 Yaya Diallo Cattle Baye 67 76 40 47/78 2 99 73

L4G will share the contact information of the traders, above, with interested producers/fatteners (individuals and Producer Organizations) and encourage them to quickly negotiate and sign forward contracts. L4G will also work in a close partnership with IESC to introduce these traders and producers to interested financial institutions. Below a view of the TFCM meeting held in Sevare on December 21th.

Ali Niangado leading a meeting between small scale farmers and traders

TASK 2.1.2 STRENGTHEN HORIZONTAL LINKAGES TO ACHIEVE ECONOMIES OF SCALE

L4G continued to accompany livestock economic actors to strengthen their capacities for improving horizontal and vertical coordination of business linkages along the livestock value chain (VC). Ultimately, L4G support will contribute to increase VC actors and enterprises competitiveness at domestic and export markets.

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type of working relationship that would exist between L4G and YBPFs. 13 youth members of existing POs from Djenne and 14 youth representatives of POs in Mopti took part in the workshop. As major outcomes, L4G helped to established two YBPFs, their respective action plans, and two MOUs (signed between the YBPFs and L4G) TASK 2.1.3 IMPROVE PRODUCER CAPACITY TO IDENTIFY AND ACHIEVE MARKET REQUIREMENTS

ANIMALS PURCHASED FOR FATTENING

During the period under review, POs and individual fatteners purchased 5,877 animals for fattening as an income generating activity. This number included 917 cattle, 3,980 sheep and 980 goats, that were purchased by 205 POs and 98 individuals for fattening business. Heads of sheep were destined to both domestic sales and exports. For cattle, most purchases occurred in Djenne (33%), Bankass (26%), Goundam (13%) and Koro (10%). Concerning sheep, most purchases (91%) came from Goundam (35%), Bankass (34%) and Koro (22%). For goats, over 97% of purchases came from Goundam District and 2% from Koro. This seems to indicate that for small ruminants fattening, Goundam, Bankass, and Koro are more specialized centers compared to Djenne and Mopti Districts, where the cattle fattening predominates as a business activity. The 980 heads of goat purchased mostly in Goundam show that the purchase of goats for fattening is a relatively insignificant business activity in L4G intervention areas. These low numbers indicate there is not a strong demand for goats on the Malian meat market. For further details, please, refer to the tables below.

Table 20: Heads of cattle purchased by commune for animal fattening

Heads of Number # Members by gender Average Cercle Commune cattle of POs Price (CFA) Men Women Purchased Bandiagara Dandoli 08 40 00 72 86 736 Bankass 04 02 06 10 99 500 01 Baye 01 00 15 50 000 individual Diallassagou 02 15 07 27 126 852 Dimbal 04 11 03 18 119 723 Kani-Bonzon 03 17 00 40 137 300 Bankass Koulogon- 01 00 01 01 80 000 Habbé 09 Ouenkoro 09 00 53 179 576 individuals Soubala 01 05 00 05 102 000 10 Tori 10 00 71 245 141 individuals Bourem Sidi 02 Diré 02 00 06 105 834 Amar individuals Dandougu 01 16 00 243 216 103 Fakala Djenné Fakala 01 02 00 05 240 000 02 Fakala 02 00 06 159 167 individuals

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Heads of Number # Members by gender Average Cercle Commune cattle of POs Price (CFA) Men Women Purchased Madiama 01 01 00 05 119 000 04 Madiama 03 01 40 143 000 individuals Kaneye 01 04 00 12 145 834 Tonka 06 21 00 56 142 054 Goundam 15 Tonka 15 00 52 159 520 individuals Barapireli 01 01 00 02 150 000 Bondo 01 04 00 06 172 000 Dougoutene 1 02 03 00 16 185 938 Koro Koporo-Pen 01 08 00 18 251 112 Koro 04 08 24 42 160 238 Youdiou 02 05 00 08 158 125 03 Sio 03 00 13 150 770 individuals Mopti Sio 06 20 02 60 110 042 Socoura 01 02 00 11 97 728 04 Niafunké Soboundou 04 00 04 92 500 individuals 51 OPs Total and 50 234 44 917 individuals

Table 21: Heads of sheep purchased by commune for animal fattening: # Membres par Genre Heads of Number Average Price Cercle Commune Sheep of POs (CFA) Men Women Purchased

Bandiagara Dandoli 09 14 62 116 24 306

Bankass 12 72 131 317 37 694

Baye 04 25 45 70 28 815

Diallassagou 03 01 57 64 34 922

Dimbal 06 10 22 56 39 072 Bankass Kani-Bonzon 12 38 106 285 38 592

Koulogon- 02 02 56 66 33 311 Habbé Lessagou 02 05 05 13 24 539

Ouenkro 15 01 52 189 44 376

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Sokoura 08 06 67 195 51 282

Soubala 02 22 31 74 47 406

Tori 02 00 14 21 48 477

01 Arham 00 01 02 30 750 individuals

Diré Bourem Sidi 01 01 00 02 58 750 Amar individuals Tindirma 04 08 00 120 32 125

02 Fakala 00 02 11 72 728 individuals Djenné Fakala 02 00 02 03 51 000

Madiama 03 06 01 11 40 546 Kaneye 01 10 00 97 31 701

Tonka 07 44 04 761 33 929 Goundam 32 Tonka 32 00 527 33 420 individuals Barapireli 09 05 66 102 26 687

Bondo 05 20 29 88 31 390 Dougoutene 1 03 35 36 96 34 454 Koro Koporo-Pen 02 19 02 26 46 289

Koro 06 22 227 435 32 714

Youdiou 07 23 48 114 43 908

Sio 06 19 26 75 29 200 Mopti Socoura 03 06 07 21 43 453

05 Niafunké Soboundou 04 01 16 28 430 individuals Soboundou 02 02 00 07 30 286 137 OPs Total and 41 452 1 100 3 980 individuals

Table 22: Heads of goat purchased by commune for animal fattening # Membres par Genre Heads of Number Average Price Cercle Commune goat of POs (CFA) Men Women Purchsed

Bandiagara Dandoli 01 00 01 01 14 000

Bankass Baye 01 01 00 02 4 000

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Djenne Madiama 01 00 02 02 18 750 Kaneye 01 05 00 159 15 431

Tonka 06 34 00 595 16 404 Goundam 07 Tonka 07 00 200 15 860 individuals Barapireli 01 01 00 01 17 500 Koporo-Pen 01 04 00 04 16 875 Koro Koro 03 00 13 13 16 616

Youdiou 02 01 01 03 17 500 17 OPs Total and 07 53 17 980 individuals

VALUE OF DOMESTIC SALES

During Quarter 1, L4G continued to train and sensitize producer organizations and fatteners groups on the importance of regularly destocking healthy animals (increasing offtake rate) and selling them at market in order to increase revenues and meet their needs to expand their businesses. Without such a process of regular income generation, their various business expansion efforts would be primarily and less sustainably upheld by a mere commercial approach: purchasing and collecting animal from local markets for fattening activity in order to generate relevant margin and profitability. In addition, the traditional offtake practices are not focused upon a market driven vision. Most herders sell livestock to meet specific financial need of the family not because market considerations. Whereas under the animal fattening model, every animal purchased for fattening is for sale at the end of fattening cycle duration.

During the period under review, the total value of all domestic sales animals from Djenne, Bankass, Koro, Bandiagara, Dire, Goundam, Mopti, and Niafunke Cercles was estimated at 268,541,550 million CFA or about $ 537, 083 USD. The sales from Cattle represented 51%, 36% for Sheep and 7% for Goats. The table below indicates details about the sale transactions per Cercle during the FY2018 first quarter.

Table 23: Domestic sales of cattle and sheep in Quarter 1 of FY2018 % of sale Cercles & Number of Number Animal Animals Value FCFA amounts / Region Individuals of POs heads sold Cercle Bandiagara 14 07 20 2 992 500 1% Sales of Bankass 40 06 157 43 294 000 16% cattle Diré 02 - 04 900 000 0%

Djenné 12 04 264 60 930 000 23% Goundam 24 07 113 960 000 0% Koro 04 04 49 15 458 500 6%

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% of sale Cercles & Number of Number Animal Animals Value FCFA amounts / Region Individuals of POs heads sold Cercle Mopti 22 07 73 12 806 000 5% Niafunké 04 - 04 682 500 0% Bandiagara 43 06 44 2 756 500 1% Bankass 361 36 668 51 300 750 19% Diré 01 - 02 235 000 0% Sales of Djenné 05 01 06 279 000 0% sheeps Goundam 45 08 1 383 52 011 000 19% Koro 11 02 14 650 000 0% Mopti 40 08 66 3 286 300 1% Niafunké 07 02 15 892 000 0% Sales of Bankass 01 01 02 26 000 0% goats Djenné 02 01 02 75 500 0% Goundam 29 07 954 18 901 000 7% Koro 03 02 03 105 000 0% Total 670 109 3 843 268 541 550

VALUE OF EXPORT SALES

The values corresponding to the export sales are summarized in table 18 below. The overall exporting value for all animals combined was estimated at 104,094,000 CFA or $ 208,188 USD. This export values encompass 317 heads of cattle exported by 18 economic actors.

Table 24: Value of Exports of Cattle and Sheep from L4G Zones in Quarter 1

Number of Animal Value FCFA Clients heads sold Cattle export sales 18 317 104 094 000 Total 18 317 104 094 000

TASK 2.1.4 LINKAGES AND IMPROVED ACCESS TO FINANCIAL SERVICES

MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS

During the quarter, 07 L4G PO clients received loans from Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) totaling 12, 930, 000 CFA or 25, 860 USD. Loans provided by MFIs represented 69.6% of all loans received for the quarter. Bank loans comprised 16% percent (please see following section on bank loans). The remaining 14% percent remaining originated from internal PO lending systems, representing 1, 630, 000 CFA (3, 260 USD) in loans. The table below illustrates the total loans issued for the quarter.

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Table 25: MFI loans to L4G clients No. Purpose of loan Loan provider Loan amount PO Guinedou, Aza Microfinance, Cattle and sheep Réseau de micro Institution 06 9 000 000 fattening de croissance de revenus Total 06 9 000 000

BANK

During the quarter, 01 L4G PO clients received loans from banks totaling 2, 000, 000 CFA or 4, 000 USD. The table below illustrates the total loans issued for the quarter.

Table 26: Bank loans to L4G clients Purpose of loan Loan provider No. PO Loan amount Cattle and sheep BNDA 01 2 000 000 fattening Total 01 2 000 000

VILLAGE SAVINGS AND LOANS

During the quarter, 216 clients received loans from internal-PO “village savings and loans” totaling 1, 630, 000 CFA or 3, 260 USD. The table below illustrates the total loans issued for the quarter.

Table 27: Overview of Village Savings and L4G Client Loans No. of Purpose of loan Loan provider Loan amount clients Cattle and sheep POs 216 1 630 000 fattening Total 10 1 630 000

IMPROVEMENT OF LIVESTOCK MARKET INFORMATION ACCESS

In Quarter I, L4G assessed 351 POs—which represent about 90% of the total POs (389) registered in the Mopti Region. Results from this assessment revealed that about 30% or 104 POs were weak; 62% or 219 POs were considered average; and 8% or 29 POs were considered as advanced. Please refer to the Table 22 for further details. Based on these result, L4G will strive to primarily boost the entrepreneurial capacity of the most advanced PO’s while seeking more appropriate ways to support the others.

Better understanding the organizational capacity of the POs should enable us to better design programs that would help strengthen their ability to support internal PO members’ ability to grow their businesses.

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Table 28: Overview of POs’ rankings from Organizational Capacity Assessment

Advanced Number of POs Weakly Moderately organized Cercle organized Classified and ranked organized PO’s PO’s PO’s

Bandiagara 41 14 28 0 Bankass 144 39 96 9 Koro 109 42 54 13 Mopti 29 3 23 3 Djenne 28 6 18 4 Total 351 104 219 29 % 100% 30% 62% 8%

IMPROVEMENT OF LIVESTOCK MARKET INFORMATION ACCESS

In Quarter 1, L4G drafted MOUs that will be signed between the five Livestock Market Management Committees, listed below, who will take part in piloting the Sugu LMIS application. The pilot will last six months and L4G will provide each market enumerator with a smartphone and money for petrol for moving around between markets.

Table 29: Pollsters to test SUGU app during pilot

Name of Pollster Coordinators Cercle Commune Market Principal Backup

Bankass Bankass Koulogon-Habbe Koulogon Allaye Diallo Abouda Cissé

Koro Koro Koro Koro Sidiki Goro TBD

Sory Adama Djenné Fatoma Fatoma Abdoulaye Sankaré Bocoum

Djenné Sio Somadougou Nouhoun Tangara Madou Kéita

Mopti Hamadoun Kane Fakala Sofara Aly Pléa Diallo

TASK 2.1.5 IMPROVE ACCESS TO FINANCIAL AND BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT SERVICES

WAREHOUSE RECEIPT SYSTEM

Warrantage (warehouse receipt system) is a loaning mechanism under which PO’s that have food stocks and a storage facility can keep their stocks in this warehouse for a specified period of time (usually about six months). In exchange for storing their food stock in storage as a form of collateral, financial service providers will offer POs a loan of up to 75% of the market value of the food stock. When the prices for the food stock have gone up during the dry season, the stock is then sold, and the proceeds are used for paying off the PO’s loan as well as storage fees and interest rates charged by the financial service provider. These warehouse receipts loans are usually granted by an MFI, a bank, or comparable institution. The net advantage of this approach is that the differential between the value of the food

FY2018 Quarter 1 Report | Mali Livestock for Growth (L4G) 34

stock during harvests and its subsequent value during the hunger season is such that the dividend generated is high enough to cover most expenses while still allowing for a profit margin for the producers’ group.

After taking into consideration such benefits and in light of the enormous difficulties most POs are facing concerning accessing loans in Mali, L4G took the opportunity of the women forum organized in late September 2017 to sensitize the women and seek their concurrence in participating in the warrantage schemes. In response, 13 POs from Bankass 04 POs from Koro accepted to participate.

Awareness raising on the value of warrantage with the Koro women delegates

Table 30 PO’s in Koro interested in participating the “warrantage” schemes Village PO OP’s President Crops Quantity Sogouyaguem Mérédimema Djénéba Goro Niébé 30 sacks of 100 kg Zon Monobemou Hawa Yanogué Mil 15 sacks of 100 kg Koporo-Na Groupe Amassagou Fanta Togo Niébé 20 sacks of 100 kg Téré Amayogo Habiba témé Mil 22 sacks of 100 kg

FINANCE CAFE

On November 23rd L4G held its second Finance Cafe in Mopti in collaboration with IESC. The objectives were to permit credible L4G POs to present their loan needs to MFIs; encourage financial institutions to interact with agricultural value chain actors; and facilitate and negotiate contracts and business opportunities.

The financial institutions that attended gave presentations on the products they offer and the conditions for accessing credit at their institution. These presentations were followed by a plenary meeting where individual encounters were organized in order for L4G clients to discuss one on one with loan providers and learn more about access to credit.

At the Finance Café, 27 L4G clients participated from two dozen POs, and 27 project ideas were presented to the 10 financial institutions that attended the event. The financial institutions included BMS, BOA, BIM, PAMF, Soroyiriwaso, Guinedou, NAYRAL-NEF, CAECE, Microcred, and Kondo Jigima.

FY2018 Quarter 1 Report | Mali Livestock for Growth (L4G) 35

Meeting between the president of PO Hogon Koin Dimbal with the Meeting between president of PO Benkadi of Sofara and NAYRAL-NEF BOA Branch Manage

USADF GRANT APPLICATIONS

At the end of Quarter 1, L4G was in the process of assisting POs to prepare and refine their applications for grants to USADF funding to help expand their businesses. In total, four (4) applications were finalized with L4G accompanying to be submitted at the end of January 2018 to USADF grant money.

SUPPORT AND CAPACITY BUILDING FOR LIVESTOCK ENTERPRISES

Almost every month, L4G organizes trainings on various topics, such as income statement, balance sheet, cash flows, marketing, and business plan development. All these efforts have contributed to strengthening the capacity of our POs in order to develop their own businesses/enterprises. IR 2.2 DECREASED BARRIERS TO TRADE

Further to the Round Table workshop that took place in April, a follow-up meeting was organized on September 25 in Bamako to find out a mechanism that would enable a closer monitoring of the recommendations that were made. 22 people attended from 13 organizations. During this meeting, it was agreed that L4G should address an official letter and request the key stakeholders to nominate someone who could participate in the future meetings on a regular basis. These people would constitute the permanent monitoring committee that would ensure that the recommendations are translated into concrete actions. These stakeholder structures included the DNPIA (Government), DGCC (Government), and FEBVIM (Private Sector). The letters have already been dispatched and L4G is now waiting to receive the list of nominations before going any further. Next steps include forming a small planning team and meeting with the government partners to formally establish the monitoring committee and start pushing for the recommendations to be implemented.

BARRIERS TO LIVESTOCK TRADE

In response to the findings and recommendations of the L4G Barriers to Livestock Trade Study, the project would like to revive the USAID plan to hold a workshop to reduce authorities’ intervention in livestock trade. The workshop would be focused on convincing officials to view

FY2018 Quarter 1 Report | Mali Livestock for Growth (L4G) 36

trading livestock as exchanging “raw product” as well as facilitating dialogue between concerned authorities to reduce or better prevent illegal transaction costs. Decreasing barriers to trade is beneficial to the Malian economy as it increases the competitiveness of Malian cattle in national export markets

During the recent meetings organized by the monitoring committee, it was agreed that it would be important for the Ministry Livestock and Fisheries (MoLF) to officially recognize the committee and give them the mandate stipulating what needed to be done. To this end, the L4G representative, after meeting with MoLF, was tasked to submit a proposal document for review.

GENDER AND YOUTH BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT SUPPORT

AECOM prioritizes bolstering the capacity of women-run Producer Organizations. In Quarter 1 of FY2018, the L4G team assisted Women as a Business Platform (WABP) in renewing their Management structures (members of the Bureau) in Koro and Bankass Districts. These sharing meetings or forums allowed women organizations to analyze the principles and requirements needed for their POs to become full members of the Organization for Harmonization of Business Law in Africa (OHADA). L4G organized one WABP meeting with 57 women PO representatives met in Koro and on WABP 65 women PO representatives met in Bankass. It worth to notice that having OHADA affiliation or accreditation represents a big asset for POs and cooperatives willing to do business and also facilitate loan and financing access from financial institutions.

During the forums, the women also took the opportunity to do some internal resource mobilization by paying their membership fees. Usually, POs provide internal loans to their members for investing into income generating economic activities (e.g. small ruminant fattening) Please see picture and Table 12 below:

In Bankass, a total of $3,654 was internally mobilized by the platform members from different localities (see Table 8 below)

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Table 31: Internal membership fees collected by the women platform members in Bankass Montant de la Commune Representative caisse (FCFA) Bankass 150,000 Fanta Bah Ouenkoro 557,000 Hawa Sankaré Baye 100,000 Amata Dembé Ségué 125,000 Aminata Djibo Dimbal 190,000 Kadia Tessougué Koulongon 221,000 Hawa Senou Sokoura 105,000 Mariam Traoré Kani-Bonzon 150,000 Kadia Guindo Lessagou 63,000 Mariam Zalé Diallassagou 91,000 Safiatou Togo Soubala 75,000 Ada Guindo Tori - Bintou Arama Total 1,827,000

For the women platform members living in Ouenkoro Commune, in addition to the membership fees, their collected amount included also the collective sale values of multinutritional blocks and forages.

ESTABLISHING YOUTH PLATFORMS IN MOPTI AND DJENNE

On December 6th and 11th workshops took place in an effort to establish Youth as a Business Platform (YBPF) in Djenne and Mopti Cercles. L4G presented reasons for establishing YBPFs and the objectives YBPFs would have. This workshop permitted Youths/participants to discuss the challenges they are facing in engaging in the livestock value chain. L4G helped and accompanied in elaboration of 2018 action plan for YBPFs and outlined the type of working relationship that would exist between L4G and YBPFs. 13 youth members of existing POs from Djenne and 14 youth representatives of POs in Mopti took part in the workshop. As major outcomes, L4G helped to established a YBPF, Action plans and two MOUs (signed between the YBPFs and L4G).

Discussion on the activities to undertake during the year at the YBPF workshop

L4G has participated on October 5th in Bamako in working meeting with Gender focal points of USAID funded projects and programs in Mali. Participants recommended a better Gender harmonized approach by partners implementing USAID funded projects and programs. A similar approach to deliver technical assistance and support will contribute to increase partnership and synergies for projects

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operating in similar intervention domains or in same geographic zones. In addition to sharing experiences and best practices s on gender, the participants recommended that one or two practical gender issues be discussed during each quarterly meeting. MONITORING AND EVALUATION

During the first quarter of fiscal year 2018, the L4G ME&L team was tasked with the following responsibilities:  Participation in the FTFMS webinar, USAID Washington training  Participation in the meeting of M & E in Bamako to better understand the contours of the FTFMS and to remove misunderstandings in the definition and calculation of indicators,  Participation in the data quality assessment (DQA) in Bamako  Follow-up mission of the activities in the zones of Bandiagara, Bankass, Djenné, Koro and Mopti  Support for updating the AMELP (Activity Monitoring Evaluation and Learning Plan)  Compile, process and analyze data on the marketing of animals, lick pads, fodder and project performance indicator data  Respond to questions raised by USAID and AECOM Arlington Headquarters  Archive data collection cards in the cabinet to facilitate the traceability of the data of the different project indicators  Revision of the questionnaire used for the annual data collection proposed by headquarters when collecting annual data for the past year and finally  Produce a results chart on project performance indicators for the first quarter  Finalize annual report responses  Update FTFMS online

OUTCOMES:

 Data production for the different monthly reports and the quarterly report  All indicators data collection cards are stored in the cabinet to facilitate reliability and traceability for the different DQA to come,  The activity monitoring mission was used to correct biases in the registers available within the POs  The L4G FTFMS data is up to date  Data provided for the monthly report.  Finalized AMELP.  Finalized annual report responses. COLLABORATING WITH PARTNERS

On November 27th L4G and HARANDE teams conducted a joint field visit to Bandiagara to survey five POs: LDagale ,Molibemo, Kougarou, Amakéné, Yakéné Société Coopérative de Production. 18 PO members participated, including five men and 13 women.

On December 11th, L4G met with HARANDE on possible synergy on efforts to increase literacy levels of PO members in Dandoli and Dourou because HARANDE is currently organizating a literacy training of trainers workshop and centers will be opened to those between 16 and 30 years of age. Also, HARANDE plans to construct a vaccination park and a waterpoint in Yawa (Dourou commune), and their team will benefit from L4G’s extensive knowledge on establishing management committees.

L4G participated in two major activities attended by USAID implementing partners both in Mopti and

FY2018 Quarter 1 Report | Mali Livestock for Growth (L4G) 39

elsewhere. This included the USAID partners’ meeting in Mopti on December 12th, as well as the COREM meeting in Sevare on December 22nd. COREM stands for Convergence pour la Resilience in Mopti, which means Convergence for Promoting Resilience in the Mopti Region. Both meetings enabled L4G to share experiences with and learn from the other partners in order to increase synergy between the projects.

Lastly, L4G participated in the 20th meeting of USAID partners in Mopti which was a fruitful discussion on increased collaboration between the implementing partners. OPERATIONS AND ADMINISTRATION

Due to funding constraints, USAID asked AECOM to reduce spending and subsequently reduce activities during Quarter 1 of FY2018. This impacted the program’s ability to implement the USAID-approved workplan with the speed and thoroughness desired were hope to. This slow-down has had an impact on our ability to meet our targets. ENVIRONMENTAL COMPLIANCE

An Environmental Review Form (ERF) with associated Environmental Review Report (ERR) and Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plan (EMMP) was prepared and submitted to USAID for a subcontract to supply and install Photovoltaic Pumping Systems (PPS) on borehole wells of six (6) livestock markets and two (2) grazing areas (of the Koro and Bankass Cercles. Five sites will involve the installation of news wells and include:  Bankass/Dounde  Bankass/Koulogon-Habe  Bankass/Ouankoro  Bankass/Tori  Koro/Youdiou.

Three sites for well rehabilitation include:  Bankass/Bare Dar Salam  Koro/Koro Central  Koro/Kaoussa.

Water quality testing following requirements in the L4G USAID-approved Water Quality Assurance Plan have been performed. The ERF-ERR report confirms that none of these sites exist within the protected Sourru Floodplain of the Niger River.

SHORT TERM TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE (STTA)

During the quarter, Florent Mercier helped facilitate a training on post-harvesting techniques from October 12th to 17th. The purpose was to enhance the capacity of local trainers to improve the knowledge and know-how on key topics/issues, such as improved harvesting, drying, and storage of fodder with a view to optimizing the livestock activities in their areas.

Pierre Roy also supported L4G in December in the search for a contracting firm to construct photovoltaic pumping systems.

Marcus Kendrick from AECOM’s home office provided backup support for the L4G team while the Senior Program Manager and the Chief of Party were out of the country during the month of December.

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ANNEX I: FINANCIAL REPORT

FY2018 QUARTER III

Cumulative Expenditure Obligation Spent Thru Budget Obligated FY2018 QI Remaining Total Budget December 2017 Remaining (D) Amount (E) (B) (F) (A) (C)

Direct Costs $10,771,432 $ 589,615.40 $6,012,445.26 $4,758,986.74

Indirect Costs $2,995,522 $ 181,337.17 $1,942,234.35 $1,053,287.65

Fixed Fee $722,494 $ 40,475.02 $417,621.20 $304,872.80

Total $14,489,448 $811,427.59 $8,372,300.81 $4,758,986.74 $9,252,681 $880,380.19

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ANNEX II: INDICATORS

January 2018 QR – L4G Monitoring and Evaluation Indicator Progress

% Results Target Achieved Indicators December 2017 Remarks 2018 Results/ Target IR 1: Increased Livestock Productivity Farmers Gross margin/head (cattle, small ruminants) cattle $ 57.82 0% disaggregated by sex of producer (4.5 (17)) (In $, 1 Results will be reported in Quarter 4 $=500 CFA) (EG.3-6,7) Sheep $ 46.97 0% Number of households benefiting directly from USG assistance under 12,000 0% Results will be reported in Quarter 4. FTF (EG.3-1) IR 1.1 Enhanced technology innovation, dissemination and management 4 848 Male: 1487 Female: 3 361 This result takes into account the Technology type: Number of farmers and others who have applied improved producers who vaccinated their animals Crop Genetics: 0 technologies or management practices as a result of USG assistance 35,000 14% and the members of the POs who cultural practices: 0 (EG.3.2-17) made the blocks to lick livestock management: 4 848

marketing and distribution: 0 soil-related fertility and conservation: 0 55 Type of organization: This percentage represents the number Number of private enterprises (for profit), producers organizations, Producers Organizations: 16 of POs that have received training on water users associations, women's groups, trade and business Women’s Groups: 39 the production of multinutritional associations, and community-based organizations (CBOs) that applied 150 37% blocks to be licked and which is applied improved technologies or management practices as a result of USG New/Continuing: in fact business. assistance (EG.3.2-20) New: 0 Continuing: 55 IR 1.2 Increased access to quality inputs and services 1.2.1. Percent of occurrences of parasitic and contagious livestock This indicator is measured in Quarter 4 3% 0% diseases in FTF-assisted producer groups/cooperatives of FY 2018 Number of MSMEs, including farmers, receiving business development 154 3 Private veterinarians in Koro and 150 102% services from USG assisted sources Male: 43 Bankass Circles trained in management

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Female: 111 tools. And 151 PO members of the Size of MSME WLBPs and YLBPs Micro MSMEs: 03 MSME Type Agricultural Producer: 151 Non agriculture: 03 IR 1.3 Improved pastureland and water resource management 0 Ha Technology type Crop Genetics: 0 Number of hectares under improved technologies or management This indicator will be measured and 175 Soil-related: 0 0% practices as a result of USG assistance (EG.3.2-18) reported on the end of FY 2018. Sex of owner Male : 0 Female : 0 1.3.2 Number of pastoralists or smallholder producer families This indicator will be measured and practicing improved management of pasture and other forage 10,000 0 0% reported on the end of FY 2018. resources as a result of USG assistance IR 1.4 Improved community literacy, numeracy and nutrition and hygiene practices 1.4.1 Number of households observed to be practicing improved This indicator will be measured and 200 0 0% complementary feeding and nutrition reported on the end of FY 2018. 0 1.4.2 Number of people receiving functional literacy and numeracy Results will be reported in Quarter 2, 500 Male: 0 0% training Quarter 3 and Quarter 4 Female: 0 IR 2: Increased Domestic and Export Trade

Value of targeted exports of cattle, small ruminants as a result of USG $ 1 534 347,52 $ 208 188 assistance (In $, 1 $=500 CFA) (EG.3.2-23) Regional Sales Export sales to Ivory Coast, from $ 1 000 008 Cattle (live) 14% Cattle Bankass Circle. Value of exports: 208 188 $ 534 340 Volume of exports: 317 Sheep

2.2 Off-take rate (cattle, small ruminants), by producer cattle 0% 0% 0% This indicator will be measured and organizations, cooperatives assisted by FTF reported on the end of FY 2018. sheep 0% 0% 0% 08 Obtaining credit from banks and Number of MSMEs receiving US Government agricultural related 120 Size of MSME 7% microfinance institutions is problematic credits as a result of USG assistance (EG.3.2-3) Micro MSMEs: 00 because producers have no guarantee

FY2018 Quarter 1 Report | Mali Livestock for Growth (L4G) 43

Sex of owner Male : 03 Female : 05 IR 2.1 Strengthened Market Access and Linkages The weakness of investment is explained by the fact that the fatteners are small producers and their financial Value of new private sector capital investment in the agriculture sector $ 1 200,000 $ 13, 323 1% capacity does not allow them to make or food chain leveraged by FtF implementation (EG.3.2-22) big investments, on the one hand and other, they face a credit access problem. Number of firms (excluding farms) or CSOs engaged in agriculture and 0 Results will be reported in Quarter 4 food security related manufacturing and services have increased profits 125 Firm: 0 0% or become financially self-sufficient with USG assistance (EG 3.2-21) CSO: 00 IR 2.2 Decreased Barriers to Trade 2.2.2 Number of transporter/trader/cooperatives investing in new This indicator will be measured and trucks or repairs to move cattle and small ruminants into target 3 0 0% reported on the end of FY 2018. markets as a result of US Government assistance IR 4: Strengthened Local Capacities and Systems IR 4.2 Strengthened capacity of livestock actors (public, private and civil society) Cross-Cutting Indicators 475 Type of organization Producers organizations: 249 Number of for-profit private enterprises, producers' organizations, POs from Bankass, Koro, Djenne, Women's groups: 223 water users associations, women's groups, trade and business Mopti, Diré, Goundam, Niafunké and 125 Community-based 380% associations and community-based organizations (CBOs) receiving Bandiagara Cercles, APESS, FOFBEV organizations (CBOs): 0 USG food related development assistance (EG.3.2-4) and FEBEVIM, # SVPP Trade and business associations: 0 Private enterprises (for profit): 03 0 Results will be reported in Quarter 2, Male: 0 Quarter 3 and Quarter 4 Number of individuals who have received USG supported short-term Female: 0 4, 000 0% agricultural sector productivity or food security training (EG 3.2-1) Type of individual Producers: 0 People in civil society: 0

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CC 3: Proportion of female participants in USG-assisted programs designed to increase access to productive economic resources (assets, 45% 0% 0% Results will be reported in Quarter 4. credit, income or employment) CC 4: Proportion of females who report increased self-efficacy at the 65% 0% 0% Results will be reported in Quarter 4. conclusion of USG-supported training/programming

Value of smallholder incremental sales generated with USG assistance. $ 4 127 811 0% 0% Results will be reported in Quarter 4. (In $, 1 $=500 CFA) (EG 3.2-19)

0 Location: Urban: 0 Rural: 0 Number of Full-time Equivalent (FTE) jobs attributed to Feed created Duration: Results will be reported in Quarter 2, 1,800 0% with USG assistance (EG.3-9) New: 0 Quarter 3 and Quarter 4 Continuing: 0 Sex of job-holder: Male: 0 Female: 0 EG.11-6 Number of people using climate information or implementing risk-reducing actions to improve resilience to climate change as 10,000 00 0% Results will be reported in Quarter 4. supported by USG assistance Total quantity of targeted nutrient rich value chain commodities produced by direct beneficiaries set aside for home consumption (EG 5% 00 0% Results will be reported in Quarter 4. 3.3-11) 32 526,00 Meat 00 0%

75 645 Milk 00 0%

0 Number of public-private partnerships formed as a result of Feed the Results will be reported in the others 5 Type of partnerships: 0% Future assistance (EG. 3.2-5) Quarters agricultural production $ 22 000 These loans were collected from the

BNDA bank and the microfinance Type of loan recipient: $ 400 000 institutions. Most POs have filed their Value of Agriculture and Rural Loans (EG.3.2-6) Producers: $ 22 000 6% cases for funding and the procedures Sex of recipient: are ongoing. Male: $ 9 565 , Female: $ 12 435

FY2018 Quarter 1 Report | Mali Livestock for Growth (L4G) 45

ANNEX III SUCCESS STORIES

FY2018 Quarter 1 Report | Mali Livestock for Growth (L4G) 46 MALI

Sofara Success Story

Nah Kone Av: With its expansion into new zones, L4G has been working since 2016 A Female with the producer organization (PO), BENKADI, for the promotion of livestock farming and related activities in the village of Sofara, Commune Entrepreneur of Fakala, Cercle of Djenné. from Sofara During its interventions, L4G assisted the members to formally regroup themselves into a PO so they could receive more targeted and formal support from L4G on implementing improved technology in the areas of animal fattening. This has included using dual-purpose crops, manufacturing multinutritional licking blocks (MNLBs), as well as the treatment of hay with urea—all of which enhance animal fattening.

Given the economic importance of these themes in terms of increasing incomes, the members of the cooperative has taken their new skills and changed their operations. Producing MNLBs has been a boon for both sales to other animal fatteners and use by the PO members for their own animal fattening initiatives.

Nah Kone Av is a woman member of the cooperative and is the head of her household, which is comprised of her several children.

“I practiced fattening for decades but with little success because of lack of knowledge of diet rationing techniques. I was distributing feed to animals without taking measurements and cost of feed into account. This was causing significant economic losses, despite fattening being a potentially lucrative business.

But with the arrival of the L4G project, the cascade trainings they put on in my “L4G helped me to better community helped me to better account for all of the costs that go into account for all the costs fattening animals and to implement a more effective and shortened animal that go into fattening fattening cycle. I have been able to reduce my production costs, making me animals and to more competitive in the marketplace while also allowing me to reap handsome implement a more profits. effective and shortened animal fattening cycle.” I make licking blocks not only for consumption by my animals, but I also - Nah Kone Av produce MNLBs for a growing clientele in the village of Sofara and surrounding villages. The blocks are so rich in minerals and promote such weight gain in animals that breeders can’t go without them!

I produce an average of 70 kg per month of licking blocks, which earns me about 35,000 CFA per month or about 25,000 FCFA in profit, which pays for about 20% of my monthly expenses.”

MALI

Koro Success Story

In Mali, livestock plays a vital role in rural development. It is essential for improving Nah Kone Av: food security and contributing to the improved living conditions in rural areas. Animal products contribute significantly to human nutrition and the fight against poverty. A Female Unfortunately, former traditional breeding methods are generally characterized by low Entrepreneur rates of reproduction, exploitation and a high mortality rate. A large segment of people from Sofara living in rural areas depend on livestock. For these people to benefit from economic growth within the livestock value chain, they must be supported and trained on good farming techniques and the best technologies. Small-scale rural farmers often do not reap the benefits of the development of the livestock value chain. In the Koro area, the benefits and gains of development of the livestock value chain are unevenly distributed among the different actors. The producers who fatten the animals incur the most expenses in the livestock value chain and yet, compared to traders and other actors, they traditionally hardly earn a profit. The inclusive approach advocated by the Livestock for Economic Growth (L4G) program has given a new impetus and a new facet to the livestock value chain in Koro Cercle. L4G introduced the Koro Animal Fatteners’ Network to LAHAM Industrie, a slaughterhouse in Keyes. LAHAM has signed forward contracts with the Koro producers for a steady supply of cattle. Ordinary smallholder fatteners, to whom access to markets with added value seems impossible, are now excited about the outcomes these animal fatteners are having as a result of L4G’s interventions. The fattener network “DEGOUBERE” of Koro is an example of an accessible, credible market with significant added value for Koro's small local fatteners. “Thanks to the Mr. Abdoulaye NAPO, aged 38 married with 3 children, is a resident of the village of assistance of L4G, I can Temagolo (Cercle of Koro) and he is a smallholder fattener. meet my family’s needs without either becoming “Before the L4G project, I was a collector-trader of livestock outside of Mali, in Ivory a gold mine or fleeing Coast. I was part of a network of collectors and traders of cattle and sheep for export to Ivory Coast and Benin. The animals were often bought from women on credit and our area for better reimbursing them was difficult. And sometimes in the absence of repayment, there economic opportunity were conflict situations with women or their husbands. Some of my colleagues have elsewhere.” even stayed abroad because they have lost millions due to the problems encountered - Abdoulaye Napo in the livestock trading, including purchasing on credit, bad selling prices on the market, or the loss of animals. We have a lot of experience in exporting livestock, but we did not have a secure clientele base or market guarantee at any time. This has led our people to abandon animal fattening and trading. After more than a year of business interruption due to various problems—including a default of repayment, economic loss, bad reputation with colleagues/friends—I met a credible buyer named Solomon SAGARA, who is a fattener/trader and also member of the network of fatteners of Koro. He buys regularly each month 4 to 6 heads of cattle for more than 3 months. We have become good collaborators, everyone wins on his side. Thanks to this new opportunity, I am making a net profit of 30,000 to 40,000 CFA on every cattle sold without moving the cattle outside of Koro. Each month I earn between 150,000 F and 180,000 FCFA. As long as the collaboration between the network of Koro fatteners and the LAHAM slaughterhouse continues, I now have a steady and satisfying income. This new opportunity has a great impact on local socio-economic development especially compared to our old livestock marketing system. Thanks to the assistance of L4G, I can meet my family’s needs without either becoming a gold miner or fleeing our area for better economic opportunity elsewhere, which some have done in our area.”