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Sekizinci Beş Yillik Kalkinma Plani SEKİZİNCİ BEŞ YILLIK KALKINMA PLANI DPT: 2584 – ÖİK: 596 ULAŞTIRMA ÖZEL İHTİSAS KOMİSYONU RAPORU HAVA YOLU ULAŞTIRMASI ALT KOMİSYONU RAPORU ANKARA 2001 ISBN 975 – 19 – 2727-7 (basõlõ nüsha) Bu Çalõşma Devlet Planlama Teşkilatõnõn görüşlerini yansõtmaz. Sorumluluğu yazarõna aittir. Yayõn ve referans olarak kullanõlmasõ Devlet Planlama Teşkilatõnõn iznini gerektirmez; İnternet adresi belirtilerek yayõn ve referans olarak kullanõlabilir. Bu e-kitap, http://ekutup.dpt.gov.tr/ adresindedir. Bu yayõn 750 adet basõlmõştõr. Elektronik olarak, 1 adet pdf dosyasõ üretilmiştir. http://ekutup.dpt.gov.tr/ulastirm/oik596.pdf Ö N S Ö Z Devlet Planlama Teşkilatõ’nõn Kuruluş ve Görevleri Hakkõnda 540 Sayõlõ Kanun Hükmünde Kararname, “İktisadi ve sosyal sektörlerde uzmanlõk alanlarõ ile ilgili konularda bilgi toplamak, araştõrma yapmak, tedbirler geliştirmek ve önerilerde bulunmak amacõyla Devlet Planlama Teşkilatõ’na, Kalkõnma Planõ çalõşmalarõnda yardõmcõ olmak, Plan hazõrlõklarõna daha geniş kesimlerin katkõsõnõ sağlamak ve ülkemizin bütün imkan ve kaynaklarõnõ değerlendirmek” üzere sürekli ve geçici Özel İhtisas Komisyonlarõnõn kurulacağõ hükmünü getirmektedir. Başbakanlõğõn 14 Ağustos 1999 tarih ve 1999/7 sayõlõ Genelgesi uyarõnca kurulan Özel İhtisas Komisyonlarõnõn hazõrladõğõ raporlar, 8. Beş Yõllõk Kalkõnma Planõ hazõrlõk çalõşmalarõna õşõk tutacak ve toplumun çeşitli kesimlerinin görüşlerini Plan’a yansõtacaktõr. Özel İhtisas Komisyonlarõ çalõşmalarõnõ, 1999/7 sayõlõ Başbakanlõk Genelgesi, 29.9.1961 tarih ve 5/1722 sayõlõ Bakanlar Kurulu Kararõ ile yürürlüğe konulmuş olan tüzük ve Müsteşarlõğõmõzca belirlenen Sekizinci Beş Yõllõk Kalkõnma Planõ Özel İhtisas Komisyonu Raporu genel çerçeveleri dikkate alõnarak tamamlamõşlardõr. Sekizinci Beş Yõllõk Kalkõnma Planõ ile istikrar içinde büyümenin sağlanmasõ, sanayileşmenin başarõlmasõ, uluslararasõ ticaretteki payõmõzõn yükseltilmesi, piyasa ekonomisinin geliştirilmesi, ekonomide toplam verimliliğin arttõrõlmasõ, sanayi ve hizmetler ağõrlõklõ bir istihdam yapõsõna ulaşõlmasõ, işsizliğin azaltõlmasõ, sağlõk hizmetlerinde kalitenin yükseltilmesi, sosyal güvenliğin yaygõnlaştõrõlmasõ, sonuç olarak refah düzeyinin yükseltilmesi ve yaygõnlaştõrõlmasõ hedeflenmekte, ülkemizin hedefleri ile uyumlu olarak yeni bin yõlda Avrupa Topluluğu ve dünya ile bütünleşme amaçlanmaktadõr. 8. Beş Yõllõk Kalkõnma Planõ çalõşmalarõna toplumun tüm kesimlerinin katkõsõ, her sektörde toplam 98 Özel İhtisas Komisyonu kurularak sağlanmaya çalõşõlmõştõr. Planlarõn demokratik katõlõmcõ niteliğini güçlendiren Özel İhtisas Komisyonlarõ çalõşmalarõnõn dünya ile bütünleşen bir Türkiye hedefini gerçekleştireceğine olan inancõmõzla, konularõnda ülkemizin en yetişkin kişileri olan Komisyon Başkan ve Üyelerine, çalõşmalara yaptõklarõ katkõlarõ nedeniyle teşekkür eder, Sekizinci Beş Yõllõk Kalkõnma Planõ’nõn ülkemize hayõrlõ olmasõnõ dilerim. Sekizinci Beş Yõllõk Kalkõnma Planõ Ulaştõrma Özel İhtisas Komisyonu Raporu Hava Yolu Ulaştõrmasõ Alt Komisyonu Raporu SUNUŞ Havayolu Ulaştõrmasõ Sektörü; 14.10.1983 tarihinde kabul edilen 2920 Sayõlõ Sivil Havacõlõk Kanunu’ nun yürürlüğe girmesiyle birlikte, özellikle 1980’ lerin sonuna doğru önemli gelişmeler göstermiştir. Aynõ dönemlerde turizm sektöründe de meydana gelen büyüme havayolu ulaştõrmasõ sektörünü olumlu yönde etkilemiş, ancak turizm sektöründeki iniş-çõkõşlar aynõ şekilde havayolu ulaştõrmasõ sektöründe de görülmüştür. Buna rağmen, Ülkemiz havayolu ulaştõrmasõ sektöründe son onbeş yõlda yaklaşõk %600’ lük bir büyüme olmuştur. Bu büyümenin sağlõklõ ve istikrarlõ olduğunu söylemek çok güçtür. 2000 yõlõna kadar çok sayõda havayolu şirketi kurulmuş ve kapanmõştõr. Bu şirketlerin sadece turizmdeki istikrarsõzlõk nedeniyle kapandõğõ söylenemez. Ulaştõrma sektörünün önemli bir alt sektörü olan havayolu ulaştõrmasõ sektörü; faaliyet konusu, faaliyeti yürüten kamu ve özel kurum ve kuruluşlar, kullanõlan yüksek teknoloji ürünü araçlar ve donanõm, özel alt yapõ ve haberleşme sistemleri, nitelikli insangücü, hizmet verilen insanlar, ulusal ve uluslararasõ özelliğe sahip kurallar ve mevzuat konularõnõn oluşturduğu önemli bir sistemdir. Bütün bu özellikleri taşõmasõ nedeniyle havayolu ulaştõrma sektörünün bir bütün olarak ele alõnmasõ kaçõnõlmazdõr. Sektöre bu şekilde bakõlmadõğõ sürece; gereksiz alt yapõ, geciken yatõrõmlar, ihtiyaca cevap veremeyen yasal düzenleme ve örgütlenme gibi sorunlarla karşõ karşõya gelinecektir. Ülkemizi Avrupa Birliği’ ne taşõyacak bir dönemi kapsayacak olan VIII. Beş Yõllõk Kalkõnma Planõ büyük bir önem arz etmektedir. Sektörün tüm kesimlerinin katkõsõyla yapõlan plan çalõşmalarõnda; nereden gelindiği, mevcut durumun ne olduğu ve geleceğin nasõl olmasõ gerektiği yönüyle konular üzerinde kurulmuştur. Çünkü VII. Beş Yõllõk Kalkõnma Planõnda belirtilen düzenlemelerin yapõlmadõğõ ve bazõ sorunlarõn aynõ şekilde devam ettiği görülmektedir. Hazõrlanan VIII. Beş Yõllõk Kalkõnma Planõ’ nda saptanan hedef ve politikalarõn gerektiği şekilde ele alõnarak çözümlenmesi en büyük dileğimizdir. Kalkõnma planlarõnõn demokratik katõlõmcõ bir yaklaşõmla hazõrlanmasõ yönünde yapmõş olduğu organizasyon için Devlet Planlama Teşkilatõ’ na ve çalõşmada emeği geçen Havayolu Ulaştõrmasõ Sektörü’ nün değerli üyelerine şükranlarõmõ ifade ederken, VIII. Beş Yõllõk Kalkõnma Planõ’nõn Ülkemize hayõrlõ olmasõnõ dilerim. Prof. Dr. Fevzi SÜRMELİ Komisyon Başkanõ ii http://ekutup.dpt.gov.tr/ulastirm/oik596.pdf Sekizinci Beş Yõllõk Kalkõnma Planõ Ulaştõrma Özel İhtisas Komisyonu Raporu Hava Yolu Ulaştõrmasõ Alt Komisyonu Raporu VIII. BEŞ YILLIK KALKINMA PLANI HAVAYOLU ULAŞTIRMASI ÖZEL İHTİSAS KOMİSYONU ÇALIŞMALARINA KATILANLAR ADI VE SOYADI KURULUŞU BAŞKAN Prof. Dr. Fevzi SÜRMELİ Anadolu Üniversitesi BAŞKAN YRD. Doç.Dr.Mustafa ÖÇ Anadolu Üniv. SHYO BAŞKAN YRD. Fevzi ALTINBULAK Hava Yollarõ Pilotlarõ Derneği RAPORTÖR Meral ÖNEY DHMİ KOORDİNATÖR Hülya TOKGÖZ DPT ÜYELER Tülay CAN Türk Hava Kurumu Yrd.Doç.Dr.Hakan OKTAL Anadolu Üniv. SHYO Yrd.Doç.Dr.Can ÖZDEMİR Anadolu Üniv. SHYO Uzm.Haluk DEMİRTAŞ Erciyes Üniv.SHYO M.Safi ERGİN İstanbul Havayollarõ, TÖSHİD Şahabettin BOLUKÇU Onur Havayollarõ Prof.Dr.Ahmet Nuri YÜKSEL İTÜ Uçak ve Uzay Bil.Fak. Prof.Dr.M.Adil YÜKSELEN İTÜ Uçak ve Uzay Bil.Fak. Prof.Dr.Yunus BORHAN İTÜ Uçak ve Uzay Bil.Fak. Mehmet ALPAY SHGM İbrahim AYVAZOĞLU Türkiye H.T.Kontr. Derneği Hamdi BOYACI Özelleştirme Mustafa CİHAN DMİ Sedat ÇINAR DLHİ Şengül DOĞAN SHGM Nevzat DÜZAĞAÇ DLHİ Necmi EKİCİ Pilotlar Derneği Alper ELİÇİN HAVAK Oktay ERDAĞI SHGM Ayşe GÜNEŞ THY Uğur TOPAL DLHİ Hüseyin EDİS Başbakanlõk Y.Denetleme Kur. Mehmet ERBİLGİN TALPA Murat SERTDEMİREL Adana Büyükşehir Belediyesi Berna IŞIKER Türk Stardartlarõ Ens. Nurhan KARACA Hazine Müsteşarlõğõ Hakan BARDAKLI Erciyes Üni. SHYO Ali UZUNER Emniyet Genel Md. Turgay ŞAHAN Emniyet Genel Md. H.Hüseyin ÇAKACI M.G.K. Genel Sek. Pervin ATEŞ M.G.K. Genel Sek. Yrd.Doç.Dr.Korhan OYMAN Anadolu Üni. SHYO Tuba DÖKMEN Anadolu Üni. SHYO Çamay SOMALI THY APK Hatice KÜÇÜKÖNAL Anadolu Üni. SHYO Ender GEREDE Anadolu Üni. SHYO Ali Murat BAŞÇEN Dõşişleri Bak.Havacõlõk Dai. iii http://ekutup.dpt.gov.tr/ulastirm/oik596.pdf Sekizinci Beş Yõllõk Kalkõnma Planõ Ulaştõrma Özel İhtisas Komisyonu Raporu Hava Yolu Ulaştõrmasõ Alt Komisyonu Raporu İÇİNDEKİLER Sayfa 1 HAVAYOLU ULAŞTIRMASI SEKTÖRÜNÜN TANIMI 1 2 DÜNYA’DA VE TÜRKİYE’DE HAVA ULAŞTIRMASINDAKİ MEVCUT DURUM 2 2.1 DÜNYADAKİ MEVCUT DURUM ...............................................................................2 2.1.1 GENEL.................................................................................................................................. 2 2.1.2 BÖLGESEL GELİŞMELER................................................................................................. 8 2.1.3 BELLİ BAŞLI HAVALİMANLARININ TRAFİK DURUMU VE HAVALİMANI İŞLETMECİLİĞİNDEKİ GELİŞMELER......................................................................................... 15 2.1.4 HAVAYOLU ŞİRKET EVLİLİKLERİ.............................................................................. 18 2.1.5 HAVAYOLU ŞİRKET İTTİFAKLARI.............................................................................. 20 2.1.6 FİLO GELİŞİMİ ................................................................................................................. 25 2.1.7 BÜYÜK UÇAK ÜRETİCİLERİNİN DURUMU ............................................................... 31 2.1.8 HAVA TAŞIMACILIĞI VE ÇEVRE................................................................................. 33 2.1.9 KARGO TAŞIMACILIĞI .................................................................................................. 36 2.1.10 TEKNOLOJİ, TOPLAM KALİTE VE STANDARDİZASYON ....................................... 38 2.2 TÜRKİYE’DEKİ MEVCUT DURUM .........................................................................42 2.2.1 GENEL................................................................................................................................ 42 2.2.2 HAVA ULAŞTIRMASI ALT SEKTÖRÜNDEKİ KURUM VE KURULUŞLAR ........... 44 2.2.2.1 Havacõlõk Kurumlarõ .................................................................................................. 44 2.2.2.2 Havaalanõ Yer Hizmetleri ve İkram Hizmetleri Kuruluşlarõ ...................................... 46 2.2.2.3 Hava Taşõma İşletmeleri ............................................................................................ 48 2.2.2.4 Eğitim Kuruluşlarõ...................................................................................................... 60 2.2.3 HAVALİMANLARI VE MEYDANLAR
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