Ulf Johansson Dahre (ed.) Predicaments in the Horn of Africa 10 Years of SIRC Conferences in Lund on the Horn of Africa DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMIC HISTORY, DEPARTMENT OF SOCIOLOGY/SOCIAL ANTHROPOLOGY, DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SIENCE, LUND UNIVERSITY SOMALIA INTERNATIONAL REHABILITATION CENTRE (SIRC) LUND HORN OF AFRICA FORUM (LUHAF) Copyright © the Authors 2012 Graphic Design Ilgot Liljedahl Typesetting Ilgot Liljedahl Produktion Media-Tryck Printed by Media-Tryck, Lund University, Lund, Sweden 2012 ISBN 91-7267-343-5 Publisher and Distribution Media-Tryck Lund University Box 117 SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden Fax 046-222 38 83 • E-post
[email protected] • www.lu.se/media-tryck Table of Contents Acknowledgements 7 Introduction: 10 years of Horn of Africa Conferences in Lund 9 Ulf Johansson Dahre part i Peace, Security and Development 13 Somalia and the International Community: Facing Reality 15 David H. Shinn War and Poverty – a Deadly Spiral 23 Håkan Wiberg Peace Building in the Horn of Africa: Multi-Track Approach 27 Salah Al Bander Ethiopian Federalism. Autonomy versus Control In the Somali Region 37 Abdi Ismail Samatar The Sudan and Somalia Peace Process: The Role of Women 63 Ella O. Chimbiru Challenges to Peace and Democracy in the Horn of Africa: Ethiopia, Eritrea, Somalia, and Sudan 71 Sisay Asefa Human Security, Informal Rules and Empowerment Towards Developing/Enabling Institutions 99 Souraya H. Houssein Beyond Federalism: Which Concept of Decentralization Reflects Best the Needs of Somalia? 111 Markus Böckenförde part ii Failure, Reconstruction and Reconciliation 125 IGAD’s Perspectives of Rebuilding Somalia 127 Mahboub Maalim International Community Perspective on Somalia 131 Ahmedou Ould-Abdallah Engendering the Peace Process and the Peace Reconstruction.