DOCSLIB.ORG

Franchise Business in Pakistan an Analytical

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Franchise Business in Pakistan an Analytical i FRANCHISE BUSINESS IN PAKISTAN─AN ANALYTICAL STUDY IN SHARIAH PERSPECTIVE RESEARCH THESIS FOR PhD ISLAMIC STUDIES 1439ھ/2017ء Submitted by Supervised by GHULAM MUSTAFA DR. MUHAMMAD SAAD SIDDIQUI Roll No PhD 01-14 Professor INSTITUTE OF ISLAMIC STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF THE PUNJAB LAHORE, PAKISTAN SESSION 2014-19 ii In the name of ALLAH The Compassionate, the Merciful iii ۡ ۡ ا ۡق َرأۡۡبۡ ٱ ۡس مۡۡ َرب َكۡٱلَّ ذيۡ َخ َل َق١ۡۡۡ َخ َل َقۡٱ ۡ ۡلن ََٰس َنۡۡ م ۡنۡ َع َل ٍق٢ۡۡۡٱ ۡق َرأۡۡ َو َربُّ َكۡٱ ۡۡلَ ۡك َر مۡۡ ۡ ٣ۡۡٱلَّ ذيۡ َعلَّ َمۡبۡ ٱل َق َل م٤ۡۡۡ َعلَّ َمۡۡٱ ۡ ۡلن ََٰس َنۡۡ َماۡ َل ۡمۡيَ ۡع َل ۡم٥ۡۡ ۡ 1. Read in the name of your Lord Who created. 2. He created man from a clot. 3. Read and your Lord is most Honorable, 4. Who taught (to write) with the pen? 5. Taught man what he knew not. iv DEDICATION This work is dedicated to my very kind, affectionate, very loving, courageous and beloved parents and teachers. May ALLAH Almighty live them long and blissful. Student Name: Ghulam Mustafa Roll No: 01-14 Institute of Islãmic Studies Session: 2014-19 v CERTIFICATE The thesis: “FRANCHISE BUSINESS IN PAKISTAN-AN ANALYTICAL STUDY IN SHAIRAH PERSPECTIVE” by Ghulam Mustafa is approved in its present form by the Institute of Islãmic Studies as satisfying the thesis requirement for the degree of PhD in Islãmic Studies and it also fulfils the respective requirement of University of the Punjab and HEC. Signature of Supervisor with stamp Dr. Muhammad Saad Siddiqui Professor & Director Institute of Islãmic Studies University of the Punjab vi Forwarding Letter The thesis titled “FRANCHISE BUSINESS IN PAKISTAN-AN ANALYTICAL STUDY IN SHAIRAH PERSPECTIVE” authored and submitted by Ghulam Mustafa under my supervision is hereby approved for submission to the University of the Punjab in fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of PhD in Islãmic Studies. According to the best of my Knowledge, the dissertation is the production of his own efforts and I also certify that the scholar has skillfully employed the basic contemporary sources related to his topic. Dr. Muhammad Saad Siddiqui Professor & Director Institute of Islãmic Studies University of the Punjab vii TABLE OF CONTENTS Transliteration guide xii List of figures xiii List of Abbreviation xiv CHAPTER #1 1-68 1.1 Introduction 3 1.1.1. What are common franchise terms? 8 1.1.2. What are the alternatives to franchising? 9 1.1.3. Literature review 10 1.1.4. Justification and likely benefits 16 1.1.5. Plan of work 17 1.1.6. Place of work and facilities available 18 1.1.7. Research objectives 19 1.1.8. Research questions 20 1.1.9. Research methodology 20 1.1.10. Chapters organization 21 1.2. Literal & introductory discussion upon franchise & business 22 1.2.1. Linguistic origin of business & terminological meaning & history 22 1.2.2. What is terminology? 24 1.2.3. Business history 26 1.3. Franchise in lexicological and technical perspective 32 1.3.1. What is lexicology? 32 1.3.2. What is a technique? 37 1.3.3. Franchise in the light of lexicology and technique 38 1.4. Historical study of franchise business 46 1.4.1. The middle ages 46 1.4.2. The colonial period 47 1.4.3. In 1840s 47 1.4.4. In 1880s 47 1.4.5. The licensing arrangements 48 1.4.6. The turn of the century 48 1.4.7. In 1960s 48 1.4.8. Three modern franchise leaders 49 1.5. Classification and categorization of franchise business 50 1.5.1. Types of franchises based on ownership 50 1.5.2. Franchises based on operational structure 50 1.5.3. Types of franchises based on ownership 52 viii 1.6. Some knowledgeable types of franchise 54 1.7. The advantages and disadvantages 57 1.7.1 A general overview on the mechanism of a franchise business 57 1.7.2 Advantages and disadvantages of franchising 66 1.8. Glimpses (adspectus) of the chapter 68 CHAPTER #2 69-152 2.1. Introduction 71 2.2. Concept of law-a historical survey 71 2.2.1. Law meaning and definition 71 2.2.2. Historical background of law 74 2.2.3. Legal system of law 83 2.2.4. Legal subjects of law 96 2.3. Franchise business law in Pakistan 110 2.3.1. Franchising law in Pakistan (gernal) 110 2.3.2. Franchise Document Disclosure 112 2.3.3. Terms and conditions 115 2.3.4. Deduction 117 2.3.5. Legal issues in Pakistan_ critical study 117 2.3.6. Is franchise an agency or a license? 123 2.3.7. A critical appraisal 124 2.4. Franchising laws procedure -a Descriptive study 125 2.4.1. Franchising law procedure in Pakistan 125 2.4.2. Franchising laws in Malaysia 125 2.4.3. franchise law in Dubai 134 2.5. Glimpses (adspectus) of the chapter 152 CHAPTER #3 153-231 3.1 Introduction 155 3.2 Historical development of franchise business in Pakistan 156 3.2.1 The franchising business in Pakistan is not limited only to food 159 3.2.2 Presence of high potential to craft on franchises in Pakistan 161 3.2.3 Family business and historically development 162 3.2.4 Global steps for the development of franchise business in Pakistan 164 3.3 Chronological history of franchise business in Pakistan 170 3.3.1 Standard chartered bank 171 3.3.2 history of Bata shoe organization in Pakistan 173 3.3.3 Pakistan beverage limited 174 3.3.4 Coca-Cola Pakistan 175 3.3.5 the pizza hovel story starts in May 1958 175 3.3.6 OCS courier company 176 3.3.7 Gloria jean's coffee's 177 3.3.8 p and g 177 3.4 Franchising in education sector: analytical review 179 3.4.1 Prolusion to education: 179 ix 3.4.2 Types of education: 179 3.4.3 System of education in Pakistan 180 3.4.4 The emergence of franchising in the education sector 181 3.4.5 The social dimension of franchising in the education sector 183 3.4.6 The basic principles of franchising 184 3.4.7 The perspectives and challenges 187 3.4.8 Comments about dr. Rozenn 188 3.4.9 Punjab group of colleges and franchising in education 190 3.4.10 Beaconhouse school system and franchising in education 191 3.4.11 The educator school system and franchising in education 192 3.4.12 The country school system and franchising in education 194 3.4.13 The American lycetuff school 195 3.4.14 List of franchising schools 197 3.5 Franchising in food industry 198 3.5.1 List of important restaurants, bakeries and food places 199 3.6 Franchising business in other business sector 203 3.6.1 Franchising in pharmaceutical sector 203 3.6.2 Franchising in computer software sector 206 3.6.3 Franchising in garment sector 218 3.6.4 Franchising in automobiles in Pakistan 225 3.7 Glimpses (adspectus) of the chapter 231 CHAPTER #4 232-301 4.1 Introduction 235 4.2 Islãmic commandment regarding interest 236 4.2.1 Some important and basic points 236 4.2.2 Difference between Islãmic economy the approach of capitalistic 239 4.2.3 Asset-backed financing 241 4.2.4 RIBÃ(usury/interest) and its forms 246 4.2.5 Etymology and definition 248 4.2.6 Definition of RIBÃ include: 248 4.2.7 Different kinds of RIBÃ 249 4.2.8 Modernists 250 4.2.9 Revivalists 251 4.2.10 Scripture 252 4.2.11 Qurãn and prohibition 252 4.2.12 Hadith and prohibition 253 4.2.13 Importance 258 4.2.14 Companions and jurists 259 4.2.15 Scriptural proof FIQH 259 4.2.16 Rationale 260 x 4.3 Islãmic principles of trade-a descriptive report 261 4.3.1 Knowledge 261 4.3.2 The state of the things (forbidden or permitted) 262 4.3.3 Lawful thinks 263 4.3.4 Trust 264 4.3.5 Justice and honesty 265 4.3.6 Mutual respect 266 4.3.7 Fair trade 266 4.3.8 Lawful earning (halal) 267 4.3.9 Mutual agreement 268 4.3.10 Trade-a way or co-operation among the people 268 4.3.11 to create facilities in the matters 268 4.3.12 Good demand of loan 269 4.3.13 good returning of loan 269 4.3.14 to speak truth in the dealing 269 4.3.15 to avoid swearing 269 4.3.16 to avoid dishonesty 269 4.3.17 prohibition of old coins 270 4.3.18 prohibition of harmful trading 270 4.3.19 prohibition of trade for rulers 270 4.3.20 shortage in measurement 270 4.3.21 Income of one’s hand 271 4.3.22 Some causes that change the form of trading regarded as illegal 272 4.3.23 What is forbidden in Islãm? 275 4.3.24 General guidance for a Muslim to adopt the following principle 275 4.4 Islãmic modes of financing/ Shariah-compliant finance 275 4.4.1 Usury in Islãm 278 4.4.2 History of Islãmic banking 278 4.4.3 Principles of Islãmic law about banking 286 4.4.4 Criticism and objection 289 4.4.5 Scriptural basis 290 4.4.6 Interest and credit sales 290 4.4.7 Types of Islãmic lending 291 4.4.8 Time value of money 292 4.4.9 Early payent of debt 292 4.5 Concept of Shariah compliance: merits and demerits 292 4.5.1 Merits of Islãmic economic system 294 4.5.2 Demerits of Islãmic economic system 299 4.6 Glimpses (adspectus) of the chapter 300 xi Chapter #5 302-427 5.1 Introduction 304 5.2 concept of intellectual property rights-juristic discussion 305 5.2.1 Rights, meaning, features and types of rights 305 5.2.2 Meaning and definition 306 5.2.3 Features/ nature of rights 307 5.2.4 Types of rights 308 5.2.5 Concept of intellectual rights or intellectual property rights 316 5.2.6 Some fields that include intellectual property rights 321 5.3 Concept of “legal person” & its validity in Shariah 324 5.3.1 Definition and meaning 324 5.3.2 Legal person 325 5.3.3 Artificial personality, juridical personality, or juristic personality: 328 5.3.4 The history of legal person: 333 5.3.5 The value/validation of a legal person in Shariah 339 5.3.6 Some basic differences between natural person & legal person: 356 5.4 Different aspects of franchise & their Islãmic validation 358 5.4.1 Prolusion 358 5.4.2 The real and the ideal tools and instruments 360 5.4.3 MUSHÃRAKAH 360 5.4.4 MUDÃRABAH 368 5.4.5 MURÃBAHAH 373 5.4.6 IJÃRAH (leasing) 376 5.4.7 SALAM 380 5.4.8 ISTISNÃ 384 5.5 Franchise disclosure document (FDD) and Islãmic law of business 387 5.5.1 Introduction to FDD; 387 5.5.2 FDD and Islãmic law of business 389 5.5.3 Legal justifications of franchise business in Islãmic Shariah 396 5.6 Glimpses (adspectus) of the chapter 412 5.7 Final conclusion 414 5.8 Suggestions and recommendations 420 Bibliography 428-439 Appendix 440-449 xii Transliteration guide ALAPHABET LETTER ARABIC LETTER ALPHABET LETTER ARABIC LETTER ا - ض .D ب B ط -T ت T ظ Z ث Th ع .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Jeenay Ke Rang
    Jeenay ke rang Annual Report 2015 CONTENTS Company Information 03 Company Profile 05 The Mission 07 A Commitment to Excellence 09 Customer Service 09 People 10 Health, Safety & Environment 11 Berger Business Lines 13 Quality in Diversity 14 Decorative Paints 15 Automotive Paints 17 Powder Coatings 19 General Industrial Finishes 21 Protective Coatings 23 Vehicle Refinishes 23 Road Safety 24 Govt. & Marine 27 Construction Chemicals 27 Adhesives 28 Printing Inks 29 Marketing Activities 30 Corporate Activities 36 Financial Highlights 40 Directors’ Report 41 Pattern of Shareholding 45 Statement of Compliance 47 Review Report to the Members 49 Financial Statements Auditors’ Report to the Members 50 Balance Sheet 51 Profit and Loss Account 52 Statement of Comprehensive Income 53 Cash Flow Statement 54 Statement of Changes in Equity 55 Notes to the Financial Statement 56 Notice of Annual General Meeting 106 Consolidated Financial Statements Directors’ Report 110 Auditors’ Report to the Members 111 Consolidated Balance Sheet 112 Consolidated Profit and Loss Account 113 Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income 114 Consolidated Cash Flow Statement 115 Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity 116 Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statement 117 Form of Proxy 01 02 Company Information Board of Directors Bankers Mr. Maqbool H. H. Rahimtoola - Chairman Al-Barka Bank Limited Dr. Mahmood Ahmad - Chief Executive Bank Al-Habib Limited Mr. Hamid Masood Sohail Faysal Bank Limited Mr. Muhammad Naseem Habib Bank Limited Mr. Ilyas Sharif Habib Metropolitan Bank Limited Mr. Shahzad M. Husain JS Bank Limited Mr. Zafar A. Osmani MCB Bank Limited Summit Bank Limited Audit Committee United Bank Limited Mr.
    [Show full text]
  • Finding the Way (WILL)
    A handbook for Pakistan's Women Parliamentarians and Political Leaders LEADING THE WAY By Syed Shamoon Hashmi Women's Initiative for Learning & Wi Leadership She has and shel willl ©Search For Common Ground 2014 DEDICATED TO Women parliamentarians of Pakistan — past, present and aspiring - who remain committed in their political struggle and are an inspiration for the whole nation. And to those who support their cause and wish to see Pakistan stand strong as a This guidebook has been produced by Search For Common Ground Pakistan (www.sfcg.org/pakistan), an democratic and prosperous nation. international non-profit organization working to transform the way the world deals with conflict away from adversarial approaches and towards collaborative problem solving. The publication has been made possible through generous support provided by the U.S. Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor (DRL), under the project titled “Strengthening Women’s Political Participation and Leadership for Effective Democratic Governance in Pakistan.” The content of this publication is sole responsibility of SFCG Pakistan. All content, including text, illustrations and designs are the copyrighted property of SFCG Pakistan, and may not be copied, transmitted or reproduced, in part or whole, without the prior consent of Search For Common Ground Pakistan. Women's Initiative for Learning & Wi Leadership She has and shel willl ©Search For Common Ground 2014 DEDICATED TO Women parliamentarians of Pakistan — past, present and aspiring - who remain committed in their political struggle and are an inspiration for the whole nation. And to those who support their cause and wish to see Pakistan stand strong as a This guidebook has been produced by Search For Common Ground Pakistan (www.sfcg.org/pakistan), an democratic and prosperous nation.
    [Show full text]
  • Innovative Educator Experts
    Innovative Educator Experts 2019-2020 The Microsoft Innovative Educator (MIE) Expert program is an exclusive program created to recognize global educator visionaries who are using technology to pave the way for their peers for better learning and student outcomes. Microsoft Innovative Educator Experts Names are sorted by region, then country, then last name. Table of Contents Contents Asia Pacific Region ............................................................................................................................................................. 6 Bangladesh ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 6 Brunei .................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 7 Cambodia ............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 8 Indonesia .............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 8 Korea ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The University of Lahore
    A Study of the Effect of Interactive Whiteboard on Achievement of Elementary School Science Students By Ayesha Sheikh Registration No: DPE01141004 Doctor of Philosophy in Education DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION THE UNIVERSITY OF LAHORE i A Study of the Effect of Interactive Whiteboard on Achievement of Elementary School Science Students Submitted to The University of Lahore In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Education By Student Name:Ayesha Sheikh Registration No: DPE01141004 Session: 2014 to 2017 Supervisor: Prof.Dr. Iftikhar Ahmad Baig DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION THE UNIVERSITY OF LAHORE ii Forwarding Sheet The thesis titled “A Study of the Effect of Interactive Whiteboard on Achievement of Elementary School Science Students”submitted by Ayesha Sheikh (DPE01141004) D/O Ghulam Hussain in partial fulfillment of Doctor of Philosophy in Education has been completed under my guidance and supervision. I am satisfied with the quality of her research work and recommend it for evaluation. 14-10-2017 Dated DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION THE UNIVERSITY OF LAHORE iii Supervisory Committee We the Supervisory Committee, certify that the content and the form of thesis titled “A Study of the Effect of Interactive Whiteboard on Achievement of Elementary School Science Students” submitted by Ayesha Sheikh (DPE01141004) submitted to the Faculty of Social Sciences. The Department of Education of the University of Lahore has been found satisfactory and recommends it for the evaluation of the External Examiner for the award of Doctor of Philosophy in Education. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION THE UNIVERSITY OF LAHORE iv Approval Sheet The thesis viva of Ayesha Sheikh (DPE01141004) was held on __/__/20__ at the Department of Education, The University of Lahore.
    [Show full text]
  • Zone 66 Pakistan H3
    Cand # Name & Surname Town Town R L U Total 834622 LEENA ALI FFC Grammar School- College Cambridge And Matric StreamMir Pur Mathelo 34 22 28,5 84,5 838086 AFIFA RAHIM KUNDI The Froebel's School Karachi 34 21 28,5 83,5 822909 SIMRAH SAQIB Karachi Grammar School Karachi 34 22 27 83 822914 ZAHRA AMINUDDIN Karachi Grammar School Karachi 34 22 27 83 834046 MARIAM NASIR Lahore Grammar School Phase V Girls Branch Lahore 34 22 27 83 847015 IBRAHIM KASHIF Beaconhouse School System Canal Side Boys Campus Lahore 34 22 27 83 834028 ZOHA KHAWAR Lahore Grammar School Phase V Girls Branch Lahore 33 21 28,5 82,5 822883 ABEER ASKARI Karachi Grammar School Karachi 34 21 27 82 822910 AYZA AFRIDI Karachi Grammar School Karachi 34 21 27 82 824322 SUNAINA AHMED QURESHI Headstart School F-8/1 Branch Islamabad 34 21 27 82 829750 AYESHA FAWAD HeadStart School F-11 Branch Elementary- Middle SectionIslamabad 34 21 27 82 831450 MOHID MONEEB Lahore Grammar School Defence Campus Phase v BranchLahore 33 22 27 82 834577 ZAINAB KIRMANI FFC Grammar School- College Cambridge And Matric StreamMir Pur Mathelo 34 21 27 82 834595 MAHRUKH FARRUKH FFC Grammar School- College Cambridge And Matric StreamMir Pur Mathelo 33 22 27 82 853086 SYED MOHAMMED EBAD The National School Burki Campus Lahore 34 21 27 82 822930 AYEMA USAMA KHAN Karachi Grammar School Karachi 32 21 28,5 81,5 831445 NOEL MALIK Lahore Grammar School Defence Campus Phase v BranchLahore 34 22 25,5 81,5 834740 MEHAK EMAN Faisalabad Grammar School Faisalabad 34 22 25,5 81,5 846839 DUA KHUDAI The City School PAF Chapter Prep SR.
    [Show full text]
  • 05001499 007 BUP 1.Pdf
    ࠗࡦ࠼ડᬺߩࠣࡠ࡯ࡃ࡞ᚢ⇛ ᐕ᦬ᣣ ᣣᧄ⾏ᤃᝄ⥝ᯏ᭴㧔ࠫࠚ࠻ࡠ㧕 ᶏᄖ⺞ᩏㇱ 1 ߪߓ߼ߦ ㄭᐕࠗࡦ࠼ડᬺߩࠢࡠࠬࡏ࡯࠳࡯M&A ߇ᵴ⊒ൻߒߡ޿߹ߔޕ2007 ᐕߩ࠲࠲࡮ࠬ࠴࡯࡞ ߦࠃࠆࠦ࡯࡜ࠬ࡮ࠣ࡞࡯ࡊ⾈෼ޔ2006 ᐕߩ࠼ࠢ࠲࡯࡮࡟࠺ࠖ࡯࡮࡜ࡏ࡜࠻࡝࡯࠭ߦࠃࠆࡌ ࡯࠲ࡈࠔ࡯ࡓ⾈෼ߥߤ߇⸥ᙘߦᣂߒ޿ߣߎࠈߢߔޕߎࠇࠄߩࡔࠟ࠺ࠖ࡯࡞એᄖߦ߽ήᢙߩ M&A ߇ⴕࠊࠇߡ߅ࠅޔࠗࡦ࠼ડᬺߪࠣࡠ࡯ࡃ࡞ൻࠍㅴ߼ޔޟࠗࡦ࠼ᄙ࿖☋ડᬺޠߣߥࠅߟ ߟ޽ࠅ߹ߔޕߎࠇࠄࠗࡦ࠼ડᬺߪ᦭ᦸߥࡄ࡯࠻࠽࡯ߦޔ޽ࠆ޿ߪᚻߏࠊ޿┹੎⋧ᚻߦߥࠅ ߃߹ߔޕᧄ⺞ᩏߩ⋡⊛ߪޔߎ߁ߒߚਥⷐࠗࡦ࠼ડᬺߩၮᧄᖱႎ߿ߘߩᶏᄖᚢ⇛ࠍᢛℂߔࠆ ߎߣߢޔᣣᧄડᬺߩෳ⠨ߣߥࠆ⾗ᢱࠍឭଏߔࠆߎߣߦ޽ࠅ߹ߔޕ ߹ߚޔࠫࠚ࠻ࡠߢߪޔ೎ㅜޔ☨࿖ડᬺߩࠗࡦ࠼ะߌࠝࡈ࡚ࠪࠕ࡝ࡦࠣ⺞ᩏࠍታᣉߒߡ޿ ߹ߔޕᧄ⺞ᩏߪޔߎࠇߣ㑐ㅪߒߡޔࠗࡦ࠼߳ߩࠝࡈ࡚ࠪࠕ࡝ࡦࠣޔ․ߦ⍮⼂㓸⚂⊛ߥᬺോ ࠍኻ⽎ߣߔࠆ࠽࡟࠶ࠫ࡮ࡊࡠ࠮ࠬ࡮ࠕ࠙࠻࠰࡯ࠪࡦࠣ㧔KPO㧕ࠍ⥄りߢታ〣ߒޔߘߩ⚿ᨐ ࠍࠝࡈ࡚ࠪࠕ࡝ࡦࠣ⺞ᩏႎ๔ᦠߦᵴ߆ߔࠃ߁ߦ⸘↹ߒߚ߽ߩߢ߽޽ࠅ߹ߔޕౕ૕⊛ߦߪޔ ࠫࠚ࠻ࡠߪ⺞ᩏߩડ↹߅ࠃ߮ࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻࡮ࡑࡀࠫࡔࡦ࠻ߩߺࠍⴕ޿ޔ⃻࿾ߢߩ⺞ᩏߪో 㕙⊛ߦࠗࡦ࠼ߩ⺞ᩏડᬺࠗࡃ࡝ࡘࠨ࡯ࡉߦࠕ࠙࠻࠰࡯ࠬߒ߹ߒߚޕ ޟࠗࡦ࠼ડᬺߩᶏᄖᚢ⇛ޠ⺞ᩏࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߩ-21ࡢ࡯ࠢࡈࡠ࡯ ട╩䊶ୃᱜ ᦨ⚳ႎ๔ᦠ䈱ฃข ᦨ⚳ႎ๔ᦠ䈱⚊౉ ᦨ⚳ ਇ᣿ὐ䈱᣿⏕ൻ ႎ๔ ᦨ⚳⏕⹺ ⠡⸶ቢੌ ⋙⸶䇮⸶䈮䈧䈇䈩 ੑ㊀䉼䉢䉾䉪 䊐䉞䊷䊄䊋䉾䉪 ౝኈ䈱᣿⏕ൻ ౝኈ䈱ਇ᣿ὐ䉕⏕⹺ ⠡⸶ ᣣᧄ⺆⠡⸶ ⠡⸶㐿ᆎ䉕ᜰ␜ ⠡⸶䉕㐿ᆎ 㐿ᆎ䉕ᜰ␜ ⧷ᢥ䈪䈱 ᦨ⚳ႎ๔ ⧷ᢥਛ㑆ႎ๔ ⧷ᢥ䈪䈱 䈱䊐䉞䊷䊄䊋䉾䉪䇮 ਛ㑆ႎ๔ ਇ᣿ὐ䈱᣿⏕ൻ ⺞ᩏ ታᣉ ⺞ᩏታᣉ 䊒䊨䉳䉢䉪䊃䊶 䊙䊈䊷䉳䊞䊷 ⺞ᩏ⸳⸘วᗧ 䊶⺞ᩏ⸳⸘䈱ឭ᩺ 䉝䊅䊥䉴䊃 䊶ⷐઙቯ⟵䈱⏕⹺ ⸘↹ 䊶䊒䊨䉳䉢䉪䊃䊶䉼䊷䊛 䊶⺞ᩏડ↹┙᩺ 䇭䈱ㆬቯ 䊶ⷐઙቯ⟵ ⠡⸶ᜂᒰ 䉳䉢䊃䊨䋨᧲੩䋩 䉟䊋䊥䊠䉰䊷䊑㩿䊆䊠䊷䊂䊥䊷䋩 䉟䊋䊥䊠䉰䊷䊑䋨਄ᶏ䋩 2 ࠝࡈ࡚ࠪࠕ࡝ࡦࠣታ〣ߩᚑᨐߪޔޟࠗࡦ࠼ࠝࡈ࡚ࠪࠕ࡝ࡦࠣޠ㧔ࠫࠚ࠻ࡠೀ㧕ࠍߏⷩߊ ߛߐ޿ޕ߹ߚޔࠫࠚ࠻ࡠߩ࠙ࠚࡉࠨࠗ࠻㧔ർ☨ߩ⺞ᩏ࡟ࡐ࡯࠻㧦 http://www.jetro.go.jp/biz/world/n_america/reports/㧕ߦޔᧄ⺞ᩏߩ⧷⺆ ႎ๔ᦠࠍឝタߒߡ ߅ࠅ߹ߔޕ ᧄᦠߪޔࠗࡃ࡝ࡘࠨ࡯ࡉ␠߆ࠄฃ㗔ߒߚႎ๔ᦠߦޔࠫࠚ࠻ࡠߦߡട╩ୃᱜࠍട߃ߡ߅ࠅ ߹ߔ߇ޔౝኈߩᱜ⏕ᕈߦߟ޿ߡߪޔၮᧄ⊛ߦᆔ⸤ߒߚࠗࡦ࠼ߩ⺞ᩏડᬺࠗࡃ࡝ࡘࠨ࡯ࡉߩ ⺞ᩏ⢻ജߦଐߞߡ޿߹ߔޕ ߹ߚޔᧄᦠࠍߏⷩ޿ߚߛߊߦ޽ߚߞߡߪޔԘᧄᢥਛߢ૶↪ߒߡ޿ࠆ࠺࡯࠲߿੐ታ㑐ଥߪ ା㗬ߢ߈ࠆߣᕁࠊࠇࠆฦ⒳ᖱႎߦၮߠ޿ߡ޿ࠆ߽ߩߩޔߘߩᱜ⏕ᕈޔቢోᕈߦߟ޿ߡޔࠫ ࠚ࠻ࡠޔࠗࡃ࡝ࡘࠨ࡯ࡉߣ߽଻⸽ࠍߔࠆ߽ߩߢߪߥ޿ߎߣޔԙࠫࠚ࠻ࡠߪᧄႎ๔ߩ⺰ᣦߣ ৻⥌ߒߥ޿ઁߩ⾗ᢱࠍ⊒ⴕߒߡ޿ࠆޔ޽ࠆ޿ߪ੹ᓟ⊒ⴕߔࠆ႐ว߽޽ࠆߎߣޔԚᧄႎ๔ߪ ⺒⠪ߩᣇޘ߳ߩᖱႎឭଏࠍ⋡⊛ߣߒߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠅޔ․ቯߩᛩ⾗್ᢿࠍଦߔ߽ߩߢߪߥߊޔ ႎ๔ᦠߩౝኈࠍෳ⠨ߦߒߡⴕࠊࠇߚ⚻ᷣⴕὑߩ⚿ᨐߦኻߒߡࠫࠚ࠻ࡠ߅ࠃ߮ࠗࡃ࡝ࡘࠨ࡯ ࡉߪ⽿છࠍ⽶ࠊߥ޿ߎߣޔߦߟ޿ߡޔߏੌ⸃߅㗿޿⥌ߒ߹ߔޕ ᧄᦠ߇⥝㓉ߒᆎ߼ߚࠗࡦ࠼ડᬺ߳ߩℂ⸃ࠍᷓ߼ࠃ߁ߣߐࠇࠆࡆࠫࡀࠬ࡮ࡄ࡯ࠬࡦࠍߪߓ ߼ޔߏ㑐ᔃࠍ㗂޿ߚᣇߦޔዋߒߢ߽߅ᓎߦ┙ߡ߫ᐘ޿ߢߔޕ ᣣᧄ⾏ᤃᝄ⥝ᯏ᭴ ᶏᄖ⺞ᩏㇱ ࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ᜂᒰ⠪৻ⷩ ᣣᧄ⾏ᤃᝄ⥝ᯏ᭴ ᶏᄖ⺞ᩏㇱ ർ☨⺖㧔ડ↹࡮ో૕⛔᜝㧕 ડ↹࡮✬㓸㧦 ㋈ᧁ⵨᣿ ᣣᧄ஥ࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻࡮ࡑࡀ࡯ࠫࡖ࡯㧦 ↰ਛિ᣽ ⋙⸶㧦 㒙ㇱᄙᤋሶ ࠗࡃ࡝ࡘࠨ࡯ࡉ ࠗࡦ࠼࡮࠴࡯ࡓ㧔⺞ᩏᜂᒰ㧕 ࡊ࡟ࠫࠚࠢ࠻⛔᜝㧦 ࠕࠪࡘࠪࡘ࡮ࠣࡊ࠲㧔Ashish Gupta㧕 ࠗࡦ࠼஥ࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻࡮ࡑࡀ࡯ࠫࡖ࡯㧦 ࠕࠫࠚࠗ࡮ࡧࠔࠪࡘ࠾࡯㧔Ajay Varshney㧕 ⺞ᩏᜂᒰ㧦 ࠕࡆ࠽ࡉ࡮ࡊࡠࡅ࠻㧔Abhinav Purohit㧕 ⺞ᩏᜂᒰ㧦 ࠕࠞࠪࡘ࡮ࠢࡑ࡯࡞࡮ࠫࠚࠗࡦ㧔Akash Kumar Jain㧕 ⺞ᩏᜂᒰ㧦 ࠕࡒ࠲࡮ࠞ࡞࡜㧔Amita Kalra㧕 ਛ࿖࡮࠴࡯ࡓ 㧔⠡⸶ᜂᒰ㧕 ⠡⸶૞ᬺ⛔᜝㧦ࠛ࠼ࡢ࡯࠼࡮A࡮ࠕ࠳ࡓࠬࠠ࡯㧔Edward A.
    [Show full text]
  • The Automotive Sector in Pakistan
    Final Report THE AUTOMOTIVE SECTOR IN PAKISTAN TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF ACRONYMS 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 4 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 9 1.1. Terms of Reference 9 1.2. History of the Sector 10 1.3. Review of Literature 12 CHAPTER 2: THE AUTOMOTIVE SECTOR 16 2.1. Coverage 16 2.2. Sizing of the Sector 16 2.3. Contribution To The Economy 26 2.4. Demand Analysis 32 CHAPTER 3: POLICY AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK 34 3.1. TRIMS 34 3.2. Investment Policy 36 3.3. Trade Policies 38 3.4. Tariff Policy 39 3.5. Auto Industry Development Programme 43 3.6. Policy and Standards 44 CHAPTER 4: EXTENT OF EFFECTIVE PROTECTION 45 4.1. Methodology 45 4.2. Results 46 4.3. Recommendations on Tariff Reform 47 CHAPTER 5: ASSESSMENT OF COMPETITION IN THE SECTOR 52 5.1. Methodology for Assessing Degree of Competition 52 5.2. Measure of Extent of Competition 53 5.3. Assessment of Competition in the Automotive Sector 54 CHAPTER 6: PROFILE OF THE SAMPLE OF VENDORS 58 6.1. Objectives of the Survey 58 6.2. The Sample 58 6.3. Legal Status 61 ii 6.4. Membership of Associations 61 6.5. Investment and Capacity 62 6.6. Turnover 63 6.7. Employment 63 6.8. Cost Structure 64 6.9. Gross Profit and Value Added 64 CHAPTER 7: KEY ISSUES IN THE VENDING INDUSTRY 66 7.1. Impact of Tariff Protection 66 7.2. Extent of Competition 70 7.3. Degree of Competitiveness 71 7.4. Factors Influencing Growth 71 7.5.
    [Show full text]
  • India-Pakistan Trade: Perspectives from the Automobile Sector in Pakistan
    Working Paper 293 India-Pakistan Trade: Perspectives from the Automobile Sector in Pakistan Vaqar Ahmed Samavia Batool January 2015 1 INDIAN COUNCIL FOR RESEARCH ON INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC RELATIONS Table of Contents List of Abbreviations ................................................................................................................... iii Abstract ......................................................................................................................................... iv 1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 1 2. Methodology and Data .......................................................................................................... 2 3. Automobile Industry in Pakistan ......................................................................................... 3 3.1 Evolution and Key Players............................................................................................ 4 3.2 Structure of the Industry ............................................................................................... 6 3.3 Production structure ..................................................................................................... 7 3.4 Market Structure ........................................................................................................... 8 4. Automobile Trade of Pakistan............................................................................................ 10 4.1 Import
    [Show full text]
  • Financial Analysis of Toyota Indus Motor Company
    Financial Analysis of Toyota Indus Motor Company 2017 Financial Analysis of Toyota Indus Motor Company Financial Year 2011-2016 Ayesha Majid Lahore School of economics 5/1/2017 Financial Analysis of Toyota Indus Motor Company i Table of Contents Preamble .................................................................................................................... 1 Categories of Financial Ratios Analysed ................................................................ 1 Limitations .............................................................................................................. 2 Toyota Indus Motors................................................................................................... 3 Company Profile ..................................................................................................... 3 Financial Profile ...................................................................................................... 3 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 4 Mission Statement ............................................................................................... 5 Vision Statement ................................................................................................. 5 Slogan ................................................................................................................. 5 Quote Summary as on 1st May 2017 .......................................................................... 6
    [Show full text]
  • A History of Muslim Philosophy Volume 2, Book 4
    Published on Books on Islam and Muslims | Al-Islam.org (http://www.al-islam.org) Home > A History of Muslim Philosophy Volume 2, Book 4 A History of Muslim Philosophy Volume 2, Book 4 Log in [1] or register [2] to post comments Later Centuries (From the Fall of Baghdad [656/1258] TO 1111/1700) A Compendium of articles on the History of Muslim Philosophy. In this book: Later Centuries (From the Fall of Baghdad [656/1258] TO 1111/1700). Publisher(s): ● Pakistan Philosophical Congress [3] Category: ● General [4] ● Philosophy [5] Topic Tags: ● Islamic History [6] ● history [7] ● Philosophy [8] Miscellaneous information: A History of Muslim Philosophy Volume 2, Book 4. Edited and Introduced by: M. M. SHARIF. Director of the Institute of Islamic Culture, Lahore Pakistan http://www.muslimphilosophy.com/hmp/index.html Part 1. The Fall of Baghdad Chapter 40: Fall of The ‘Abbasid Caliphate The Mongol invasion, which shook the world of Islam to its very foundations in the seventh/13th century was an unprecedented phenomenon in the history of mankind. A people, hitherto unknown even to their neighbours, poured forth from the bare and bleak plateau of Karakorum (Mongolia) and with lightning speed overran the Asian and European continents from China to Hungary and East Prussia, and built up the largest empire know to man. These people were the Mongols1 or Tartars as called by their contemporaries. Their invasion inflicted more suffering on the human race than any other incident recorded in history. They lived in a wild and primitive state of society. “They are,” says Matthew Paris, “inhuman and beastly, rather monsters than men, thirsty for and drinking blood, tearing and devouring the flesh of dogs and men...They are without human laws.”2 The Mongol storm burst on the Muslim world in two separate waves.
    [Show full text]
  • Annual 2012.Pdf
    A View of Baluchistan Wheels Limited Vision Mission To Produce Automotive Wheels and Allied Products of International Quality Standard of ISO 9002 and contribute towards national economy by import substitution, exports, taxation, employment and consistently compensate the stake holders through stable returns. BALUCHISTAN WHEELS LIMITED Table of Contents Corporate Information 04 Notice of the Meeting 06 Our Leadership Team 08 Directors Report to the Shareholders 10 Pattern of Shareholding 16 Breakup of Shareholding 17 Statement of Compliance with the Code of 19 Corporate Governance Statement of Compliance with the 21 Best Practices on Transfer Pricing Review Report to the Members on Statement 22 of Compliance with the Best Practices of the Code of Corporate Governance Auditors Report 23 Balance Sheet 24 Profit and Loss Account 25 Statement of Comprehensive Income 26 Cash Flow Statement 27 Statement of Changes in Equity 28 Notes to the Financial Statements 29 Six years at a Glance 53 Form of Proxy New Induction of CO2 Welding New Induction of Automobile Disc profile Forming Machine by Spinning Process BALUCHISTAN WHEELS LIMITED Corporate Information Mr. Muhammad Siddique Misri Mr. Razak H. M. Bengali Mr. Muhammad Irfan Ghani Chairman Chief Executive Chief Operating Officer BOARD OF DIRECTORS Mr.Muhammad Siddique Misri Chairman(Executive Director) Mr.Razak H.M.Bengali Chief Executive(Executive Director) Mr. Muhammad Irfan Ghani Chief Operating Officer(Executive Director) Syed Haroon Rashid Director (Nominee - NIT)(Non Executive Director) Syed Zubair Ahmed Shah Director (Nominee - NIT)(Non Executive Director) Mr.Muhammad Javed Director(Executive Director) Mr.Irfan Ahmed Qureshi Director(Executive Director) COMPANY SECRETARY Mr.Irfan Ahmed Qureshi BOARD AUDIT COMMITTEE Syed Haroon Rashid - Chairman Director Syed Zubair Ahmed Shah- Member Director Mr.
    [Show full text]
  • Moral Anxiety in the 'Land of the Pure': Popular Justice and Anti
    Moral Anxiety in the ‘Land of the Pure’: Popular Justice and Anti-Blasphemy Violence in Pakistan Sana Ashraf February 2019 A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy of The Australian National University © Copyright by Sana Ashraf 2019 All Rights Reserved Declaration This thesis contains no material which has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma in any university. To the best of the author’s knowledge, it contains no material previously published or written by another person, except where due reference is made in the text. Sana Ashraf February 2019 ii For Mashal Khan and many others who have lost their lives after being accused of blasphemy… iii Acknowledgements I owe my thanks to many people who have contributed to this thesis, not all of whom can be listed here. Particular thanks go to my primary supervisor, Dr. Patrick Guinness, who has been remarkably supportive throughout my PhD journey. From reading my drafts promptly, to giving me constant, constructive feedback, he has been an incredible mentor. He pushed me to think critically about every aspect of this work and has offered endless theoretical and analytical insights that have shaped this thesis. His vast knowledge of modern states, social movements, and conflict in societies has significantly enriched my understanding of my research topic. The rest of my supervisory panel— Prof. Francesca Merlan, Prof. Chris Gregory and Dr. Joyce Das—have also shared their expertise and provided critical comments to refine my thesis. I am fortunate to have had the opportunity to learn from all of them and improve my work under their guidance.
    [Show full text]