DOCSLIB.ORG

Finding the Right Words Languages of Litigation in Shambaa Native Courts in Tanganyika, C.1925-1960

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Finding the Right Words Languages of Litigation in Shambaa Native Courts in Tanganyika, C.1925-1960 Finding the Right Words Languages of Litigation in Shambaa Native Courts in Tanganyika, c.1925-1960 Stephanie Lämmert Thesis submitted for assessment with a view to obtaining the degree of Doctor of History and Civilization of the European University Institute Florence, 26 June 2017 European University Institute Department of History and Civilization Finding the Right Words Languages of Litigation in Shambaa Native Courts in Tanganyika, c.1925- 1960 Stephanie Lämmert Thesis submitted for assessment with a view to obtaining the degree of Doctor of History and Civilization of the European University Institute Examining Board Prof. Corinna Unger, EUI (First Reader) Prof. Federico Romero, EUI (Second Reader) Prof. Andreas Eckert, Humboldt University Berlin (External Supervisor) Prof. Emma Hunter, University of Edinburgh (External Examiner) © Stephanie Lämmert, 2017 No part of this thesis may be copied, reproduced or transmitted without prior permission of the author Researcher declaration to accompany the submission of written work Department of History and Civilization - Doctoral Programme I Stephanie Lämmert certify that I am the author of the work Finding the Right Words. Litigation Patterns in Shambaa Native Courts in Tanganyika, c.1925-1960 I have presented for examination for the Ph.D. at the European University Institute. I also certify that this is solely my own original work, other than where I have clearly indicated, in this declaration and in the thesis, that it is the work of others. I warrant that I have obtained all the permissions required for using any material from other copyrighted publications. I certify that this work complies with the Code of Ethics in Academic Research issued by the European University Institute (IUE 332/2/10 (CA 297). The copyright of this work rests with its author. Quotation from it is permitted, provided that full acknowledgement is made. This work may not be reproduced without my prior written consent. This authorisation does not, to the best of my knowledge, infringe the rights of any third party. I declare that this work consists of 93,503 words. Statement of language correction: done Signature and date: 11. June 2017 Acknowledgements This thesis would never have been finished without the support and advice of a number of people. Corinna Unger, my first reader, offered to take over the supervision of my thesis in my final year. I am very grateful that she took the pains of engaging with my work at such a late stage. Her insightful and substantial advice on my first and final drafts were extremely important to the development of my thesis and I wish to thank her for that. My second reader, Federico Romero, has always had an open ear not only for my work. I am grateful for his advice that stretched way beyond my academic work. I also want to thank Dirk Moses for his advice. A special thanks goes to Andreas Eckert. His most generous support and advice, intellectual, career- and otherwise, was a steady source of reassurance throughout the past nine years. Without him, and many of the wonderful staff at re:work, I would not be where I am now. In Berlin, my thanks extends to a number of people who have encouraged me. Above all, I want to thank Stefan Hoffmann. He has not only thoroughly and critically engaged with my academic work, he is also the best friend one can wish for. I owe him a great debt of gratitude. Silke Strickrodt’s Werkstatt Geschichte in Berlin was a wonderful place to discuss research. I would like to thank her and all the participants. I also would like to thank Julia Tischler for her advice, encouragement and time. Sebastian Maggraff, Liese Hoffmann, Romain Tiquet, Vitale Kazimoto, Charlott Schönwetter, Kerstin Stubenvoll, Rajabu Kaoneka and Astrid Kiesewetter have all in one way or another been supportive of my work. I am very grateful for that. I also want to thank my students in Berlin for their fresh ideas about my source material, especially Romina Towfiq. Florence Bernault took me in in Wisconsin. I want to thank her for her critical and encouraging advice and support. Her work and teaching has inspired my thesis and made my stay in Madison an enormously fruitful enterprise. Martin Chanock took the time to read through one of my chapters and discuss it with me in Melbourne. I am greatly indebted to him for his advice. His own work has certainly left its mark in my research. In Tanzania, I am indebted to a great number of individuals for their assistance, advice, friendship, and help. Above all, I would like to thank Bakari Ali Saidi for his time, his connections and help, his small translations from Shambaa, his tireless explanations, and his personal support. Without him, conducting interview in Shambaai would have been an almost impossible task. Furthermore, I wish to express my gratitude to all my interview partners. I also wish to thank Yusuf Makamba, Ramadhani Mahanyu, Augustino Mhando, Hosea Joseph, Wilman i Kapenjama, Mzee Kanyawana, Ngasuma Kanyeka, Dr. Arvind Pathak, Mwanaid Msuya and Dirk Smelty. They all contributed to making my research visits to Dar es Salaam and Lushoto even more captivating. Many thanks also the staff of the Tanzania National Archives and the Library of the Chama cha Mapinduzi. In addition, I am thankful that I have met a number of interesting researchers in the Tanzanian archives and I wish to thank them for our ongoing conversations: Samuel Mhajida, Harsha Pattni, Husseina Dinani, James Brennan, Rachel Taylor and Benjamin Brühwiler. Another special thank goes to my friend Susanne Erhardt who generously allowed me to use her research notes. A very big thanks goes to Jessica Bate for the language editing. During my time at the EUI, I was always able to rely on the help, support, advice and friendship of my colleagues, some of which have become close friends. Many thanks to Sharon- Elisabeth Burke, Miguel Coelho, Roel Frakking, Anna Frisone, Donal Hassett, Bram Hoonhout, Miquel de la Rosa Lorente, Efstathia Politi, Suzan Meryem Rosita, Liam McHugh-Russell, Tetiana Onofriichuk, and Florian Wagner. Jonas Brendebach and Kornelia Konczal were the two persons who kept my spirits up when times were rough and they deserve a special thanks here. The same, of course, goes for my triple pillar of strength, Margot Béal, Esther Wahlen and Matthijs Kuipers. The sole reason I survived the past four years are my wonderful friends outside of academia. I am enormously grateful for their quite extensive support on all possible levels. Massive thanks to Iris Ströbel, Nora Ströbel, Rosa Theye, Sarah Müller, Benjamin Weber, Nora Vissering, Lina Nientimp, Nura Treves, Kim Mercedes Osterwald, Uli Schneck and to my sister Lila. ii Glossary Akida (Swahili) A representative of the colonial state, a role introduced by the Germans under direct rule to strengthen German rule over a local population. The representative was usually from the same country, but a different region than the local population Bawanjama (Shambaa) Local Council Boma Town hall, headquarters of the District Office Bondei, Bonde The Bondei live in the Bonde region, East of the Usambara Mountains chama, vy- (Sw.) Association, party DC District Commissioner DO District Officer EEARS East African Agriculture Research Station in the Eastern Usambaras, formerly known under the Germans as Amani fitina (-) , (Sw.) Intrigue ghunda (Sh.) Tribute labor Jumbe (Sw.) Headman KCU Kilimanjaro Citizens Union Kilindi Royal clan of the Usambara Mountains Kimweri (Sh.) a) Nowadays used as the general title for the “Paramount Chief” of Shambaai; b) Its original meaning is generational; Kimweri is always the generation following a Shebughe generation; c) It has also become an extremely common name for royal Kilindi kitara kikuu (Sh.) Royal capital, royal court Kwavi Ethnic group living in parts of Shambaai MBRS Mlalo Basin Rehabilitation Scheme mgeni, wa- (Sw.) a) Stranger, foreigner; b) guest Mlughu (Sh.) “Prime Minister” in the council of the chief muasi, wa- (Sw.) Protester, rebel NA Native authority PC Provincial Commissioner raia (-), (Sw.) Citizen Shambaai (Sh.) Land of the Shambaa, Usambara Mountains Shebughe (Sh.) Title of the “Paramount Chief” of Shambaai; Shebughe is a generational name. Shebughe is always the father generation of the generation of Kimweri Sesa (Sw.) Flat cultivation Simbamwene (Sw./Sh.) Royal title of the Paramount TAA Tanganyika African Association TANU Tanganyika African National Union TNA\DSM Tanzania National Archives at Dar es Salaam TNA\KEW British National Archives at Kew iii UCU Usambara Citizens Union UTP United Tanganyika Party uhuru (Sw.) Freedom Upare, Pare The land of the Pare, Northern Shambaai utumwa (Sw.) Slavery Uzigua, Zigua The land of the Zigua, Southern Shambaai uzushi (Sw.) Fabrications, lies vijana (plural, Sw.) Youngsters, young people Zumbe Mkuu (Sh.) Sub-chief iv Illustrations Maps 1 The Usambara Mountains 20 Figures 1 The Shita neighborhood 73 2 Ancestral chart of the Kilindi royal lineage 81 3 The Local Court of Mlalo 148 4 Anti-corruption poster 165 5 Timetable of political events in Shambaai, 1946-1961 168 6 Judgment of the Native Court of Vugha-Bazo, 1955 176 v Contents INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................................... 1 The Argument ...................................................................................................................................... 3 State of the Art – Law and Colonialism ................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • MKUTANO WA TATU Kikao Cha Hamsini Na Sita
    NAKALA MTANDAO(ONLINE DOCUMENT) BUNGE LA TANZANIA ________ MAJADILIANO YA BUNGE _________ MKUTANO WA TATU Kikao cha Hamsini na Sita – Tarehe 22 Juni, 2021 (Bunge Lilianza saa Tatu Asubuhi) D U A Spika (Mhe. Job Y. Ndugai) Alisoma Dua SPIKA: Waheshimiwa Wabunge, naomba tukae. Waheshimiwa tunaendelea na Mkutano wetu wa Tatu, leo ni Kikao cha Hamsini na Sita na kabla hatujaendelea nitumie nafasi hii kuwashukuru sana wasaidizi wangu wote wakiongozwa na Mheshimiwa Naibu Spika, Mheshimiwa David Kihenzile, Mheshimiwa Zungu na Mheshimiwa Najma kwa kazi nzuri ambayo wameifanya wiki nzima kutuendeshea mjadala wetu wa bajeti. (Makofi) Sasa leo hapa ndio siku ya maamuzi ambayo kila Mbunge anapaswa kuwa humu ndani, kwa Mbunge ambaye Spika hana taarifa yake na hatapiga kura hapa leo hilo la kwake yeye. (Makofi) Katibu. NDG. NENELWA MWIHAMBI – KATIBU WA BUNGE: MASWALI NA MAJIBU SPIKA: Maswali na tunaanza na Ofisi ya Rais, Tawala za Mikoa na Serikali za Mitaa, swali la Mheshimiwa Deus Clement Sangu, Mbunge wa Kwela. 1 NAKALA MTANDAO(ONLINE DOCUMENT) Na. 465 Ujenzi wa Makao Makuu ya Halmashauri Katika Mji wa Laela MHE. DEUS C. SANGU aliuliza:- Je, ni lini Serikali itakamilisha ujenzi wa Ofisi za Makao Makuu ya Halmashauri ya Sumbawanga katika Mji wa Laela baada ya agizo la Serikali la kuhamisha Makao Makuu? SPIKA: Majibu ya swali hilo muhimu la watu wa Kwela, Mheshimiwa Naibu Waziri - TAMISEMI, Mheshimiwa Dkt. Festo Dugange tafadhali. NAIBU WAZIRI, OFISI YA RAIS, TAWALA ZA MIKOA NA SERIKALI ZA MITAA (MHE. DKT. FESTO J. DUGANGE) alijibu:- Mheshimiwa Spika, kwa niaba ya Waziri wa Nchi, Ofisi ya Rais -TAMISEMI, naomba kujibu swali la Mheshimiwa Deus Clement Sangu, Mbunge wa Jimbo la Kwela kama ifuatavyo:- Mheshimiwa Spika, Halmashauri ya Wilaya ya Sumbawanga ni miongoni mwa Halmashauri 30 zilizohamia kwenye maeneo mapya ya utawala mwaka 2019.
    [Show full text]
  • Issued by the Britain-Tanzania Society No 124 Sept 2019
    Tanzanian Affairs Issued by the Britain-Tanzania Society No 124 Sept 2019 Feathers Ruffled in CCM Plastic Bag Ban TSh 33 trillion annual budget Ben Taylor: FEATHERS RUFFLED IN CCM Two former Secretary Generals of the ruling party, CCM, Abdulrahman Kinana and Yusuf Makamba, stirred up a very public argument at the highest levels of the party in July. They wrote a letter to the Elders’ Council, an advisory body within the party, warning of the dangers that “unfounded allegations” in a tabloid newspaper pose to the party’s “unity, solidarity and tranquillity.” Selection of newspaper covers from July featuring the devloping story cover photo: President Magufuli visits the fish market in Dar-es-Salaam following the plastic bag ban (see page 5) - photo State House Politics 3 This refers to the frequent allegations by publisher, Mr Cyprian Musiba, in his newspapers and on social media, that several senior figures within the party were involved in a plot to undermine the leadership of President John Magufuli. The supposed plotters named by Mr Musiba include Kinana and Makamba, as well as former Foreign Affairs Minister, Bernard Membe, various opposition leaders, government officials and civil society activists. Mr Musiba has styled himself as a “media activist” seeking to “defend the President against a plot to sabotage him.” His publications have consistently backed President Magufuli and ferociously attacked many within the party and outside, on the basis of little or no evidence. Mr Makamba and Mr Kinana, who served as CCM’s secretary generals between 2009 to 2011 and 2012-2018 respectively, called on the party’s elders to intervene.
    [Show full text]
  • Learning to Win? Party Mobilisation in Tanzania Consolata R
    10998 Consolata R. Sulley/ Elixir Soc. Sci. 51 (2012) 10998-11007 Available online at www.elixirpublishers.com (Elixir International Journal) Social Science Elixir Soc. Sci. 51 (2012) 10998-11007 Learning to Win? Party Mobilisation in Tanzania Consolata R. Sulley University of Leipzig, Germany. ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article history: The advent of multipartism in 1992 was celebrated by academics, politicians, and civil Received: 23 August 2012; societies. However, while the ruling party progressively performs handsomely, opposition Received in revised form: parties have remained weak. In the 1995 general elections, the ruling party won about 60 30 September 2012; percent of popular votes. This figure increased to 71 percent and 80 percent in 2000 and Accepted: 18 October 2012; 2005 general elections respectively. It dropped to about 61 percent in the 2010 elections. I argue in this article that, such performance by the ruling party is largely attributed to its Keywords unfair mechanisms of mobilising support through state-party ideologies, human rights abuse, Political Parties religion and corruption. Elections © 2012 Elixir All rights reserved. Party strategies Tanzania Introduction strengthened themselves using state resources to the extent of Political parties are indispensable pillars for contemporary blurring the line between the party and state. In most countries systems of representative democracy (Schattschneider, 1942:1). the ruling parties were above other state institutions like the They play multiple roles ranging from interest articulation, parliament, the executive and the judiciary. Apart from interest aggregation, political socialisation, political recruitment, restricting the existence of other parties, the single-party African rule making and representation to forming a government states did not allow the existence of any other organised groups.
    [Show full text]
  • Coversheet for Thesis in Sussex Research Online
    A University of Sussex DPhil thesis Available online via Sussex Research Online: http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/ This thesis is protected by copyright which belongs to the author. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the Author The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the Author When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given Please visit Sussex Research Online for more information and further details Accountability and Clientelism in Dominant Party Politics: The Case of a Constituency Development Fund in Tanzania Machiko Tsubura Submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Development Studies University of Sussex January 2014 - ii - I hereby declare that this thesis has not been and will not be submitted in whole or in part to another University for the award of any other degree. Signature: ……………………………………… - iii - UNIVERSITY OF SUSSEX MACHIKO TSUBURA DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN DEVELOPMENT STUDIES ACCOUNTABILITY AND CLIENTELISM IN DOMINANT PARTY POLITICS: THE CASE OF A CONSTITUENCY DEVELOPMENT FUND IN TANZANIA SUMMARY This thesis examines the shifting nature of accountability and clientelism in dominant party politics in Tanzania through the analysis of the introduction of a Constituency Development Fund (CDF) in 2009. A CDF is a distinctive mechanism that channels a specific portion of the government budget to the constituencies of Members of Parliament (MPs) to finance local small-scale development projects which are primarily selected by MPs.
    [Show full text]
  • 1447734501-Op Kikao
    JAMHURI YA MUUNGANO WA TANZANIA BUNGE LA TANZANIA ORODHA YA SHUGHULI ZA LEO MKUTANO WA KWANZA KIKAO CHA KWANZA 17 NOVEMBA, 2015 ORODHA YA SHUGHULI ZA LEO _________________ MKUTANO WA KWANZA KIKAO CHA KWANZA – TAREHE 17 NOVEMBA, 2015 Kikao Kuanza Saa Tatu Kamili Asubuhi I. TANGAZO LA RAIS LA KUITISHA MKUTANO WA BUNGE: II. UCHAGUZI WA SPIKA: III. KIAPO CHA UAMINIFU NA KIAPO CHA SPIKA: IV. WIMBO WA TAIFA NA DUA KUSOMWA: V. KIAPO CHA UAMINIFU KWA WABUNGE WOTE: DODOMA DKT. T. D. KASHILILAH 17 NOVEMBA, 2015 KATIBU WA BUNGE 2 1. Mhe. George Mcheche Masaju 2. Mhe. Andrew John Chenge 3. Mhe. Mary Michael Nagu, Dkt. 4. Mhe. William Vangimembe Lukuvi 5. Mhe. Richard Mganga Ndassa 6. Mhe. Tulia Ackson, Dkt. 7. Mhe. Abbas Ali Hassan Mwinyi, Capt. 8. Mhe. Abdallah Ally Mtolea 9. Mhe. Abdallah Dadi Chikota 10. Mhe. Abdallah Haji Ali 11. Mhe. Abdallah Hamis Ulega 12. Mhe. Abdul-Aziz Mohamed Abood 13. Mhe. Agnes Mathew Marwa 14. Mhe. Adadi Mohamed Rajab, Balozi. 15. Mhe. Ahmed Ally Salum 16. Mhe. Ahmed Juma Ngwali 17. Mhe. Ahmed Mabkhut Shabiby 18. Mhe. Aida Joseph Khenan 19. Mhe. Aisharose Ndogholi Matembe 20. Mhe. Ajali Rashid Akbar 21. Mhe. Upendo Furaha Peneza 3 22. Mhe. Joseph Leonard Haule 23. Mhe. Joseph Osmund Mbilinyi 24. Mhe. Albert Obama Ntabaliba 25. Mhe. Alex Raphael Gashaza 26. Mhe. Ali Hassan Omar, King 27. Mhe. Ali Salim Khamis 28. Mhe. Allan Joseph Kiula 29. Mhe. Ally Mohamed Keissy 30. Mhe. Ally Saleh Ally 31. Mhe. Ally Seif Ungando 32. Mhe. Almas Athuman Maige 33. Mhe.
    [Show full text]
  • The Political Dynamics of the Informal Sector in Tanzania
    The Political Dynamics of the Informal Sector in Tanzania Mette Müller 2nd Module Project International Development Studies Roskilde University Center 1 Table of Contents Introduction 1 The Problem of Theorising and Defining the Informal Economy 4 General Theoretical Debates 4 Definitions 5 Multicriteria; The State; Black Economy and Parallel Economy Part I First Assumption: The Informal Sector as a Stagnant Part of the Economy 10 Growth of the Informal Sector 10 Informal Sector as a 'Last-Resort' Economy; Declining Real Wages and Returns; Lack of Public Services; Consumer Goods, Imports and the Informal Sector The Importance of the Informal Economy to the National Economy 14 Second Assumption: Informal Sector Actors as Uneducated and Technologically 15 Backwards Sub-Classifications: The 'Traditional' and the 'Modern' Sector 15 The Ancient Craft of Blacksmithing 17 Third Assumption: The Informal as a Separate Sphere from the Formal 19 'Informal Exchange Networks' 19 The State as an Instrument to Facilitate Informal Exchange – A 'Traditional Modernity'?; Informal Exchange as a 'Safety Valve' for the State; Nature of Informal Exchange Fourth Assumption: Informal Sector as Politically Stagnant 24 Withdrawal from the State – De-legitimising the State? 24 Rational Choice Actors and a 'Too Hard' State; The Absence of Capitalism and an 'Uncaptured Peasantry'; Structural Adjustment and the Informal Economy in the Wake of a 'Rolled-Back' State 2 Part II "Where Does the State End and Civil Society Begin?" 31 Employers vs. Employees 34 Trade Unions and Associations in the Informal Sector 36 Organising From Above: Formal Sector Trade Unions; Associations in a Multiparty Era Women 40 Upato – Rotating Savings and Credit Societies; The Utengule Usangu Brewers Non-Compliance: "Everyday Forms of Resistance" 45 False Labour Identification Cards 45 Daladala 46 Power, Conflict and Social Stratification 49 Licenses and Political Power Struggles 49 Low-income Vendors vs.
    [Show full text]
  • Majadiliano Ya Bunge Mkutano Wa Kumi Na Nne
    Hii ni Nakala ya Mtandao (Online Document) BUNGE LA TANZANIA _________________ MAJADILIANO YA BUNGE _______________ MKUTANO WA KUMI NA NNE Kikao cha Tisa – Tarehe 6 Februari, 2009 (Mkutano Ulianza Saa 3.00 Asubuhi) D U A Naibu Spika (Mhe. Anne S. Makinda) Alisoma Dua MASWALI NA MAJIBU Na. 107 Mikakati ya Kupambana na Uharibifu wa Mazingira MHE. MAGDALENA H. SAKAYA aliuliza:- Kwa kuwa, mwaka 2006 Serikali kupitia Ofisi ya Makamu wa Rais ilitangaza mambo muhimu ya kuzingatia katika mikakati ya kupambana na uharibifu wa mazingira hapa nchini:- (a) Je, ni miti kiasi gani imepandwa kwa kila mkoa na kwa maeneo yapi? (b)Je, matumizi ya mkaa yamepunguzwa kwa kiasi gani hapa nchini kuanzia mwaka 2006 – 2008? WAZIRI WA NCHI, OFISI YA MAKAMU WA RAIS – MAZINGIRA alijibu:- Mheshimiwa Naibu Spika, napenda kujibu swali la Mheshimiwa Magdalena Sakaya, Mbunge wa Viti Maalum, lenye sehemu (a) na (b) kama ifuatavyo:- (a) Mheshimiwa Naibu Spika, Ofisi ya Makamu wa Rais imekuwa ikipokea taarifa za upandaji miti kutoka mikoa yote Tanzania Bara, kupitia Ofisi za Wakuu wa Mikoa. Taarifa zilizowasilishwa toka kila mkoa, zinatoa mchanganuo wa miti iliyopandwa katika kila wilaya. Katika kipindi cha mwaka 2006/2007, jumla ya miti 95,411,580 ilipandwa na kutunzwa ambayo ni sawa na 73.6% ya lengo la miti 1 129,597,818. Idadi hii ni ya miti ilipandwa katika mikoa yote 21 na katika Wilaya zake zote. Mchanganuo huu ni mrefu, hivyo nitampatia Mheshimiwa Mbunge, kama kiambatanisho. Labda tu kwa faida ya wananchi, Mkoa unaoongoza kwa upandaji miti ni Iringa ikiwa na jumla ya miti 17,486,732; ikifuatiwa na Mkoa wa Tanga ikiwa na jumla ya miti 6,873,579 na Mara ikiwa na jumla ya miti 5,443,842.
    [Show full text]
  • Tanzania Page 1 of 22
    Tanzania Page 1 of 22 2005 Human Rights Report Released | Daily Press Briefing | Other News... Tanzania Country Reports on Human Rights Practices - 2005 Released by the Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor March 8, 2006 The United Republic of Tanzania is a multiparty state led by the president of the union (consisting of the mainland and the Zanzibar archipelago) and had a population of approximately 37 million. Zanzibar, although integrated into the country's governmental and party structure, has its own president, court system, and parliament and continued to exercise considerable local autonomy. In the union's December 14 presidential and legislative elections, Jakaya Kikwete was elected by mainland and Zanzibari voters as president of the union-- succeeding President Benjamin Mkapa--and the ruling Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) party made significant gains in the National Assembly. Observers considered the union elections to be freer and fairer than previous elections, despite irregularities and politically motivated violence, mostly on Zanzibar. While civilian authorities generally maintained effective control of the security forces, there were some instances in which elements of the security forces acted independently of government authority. The government's human rights record remained poor; however, there were several significant improvements in some key areas, although problems remained. The government demonstrated more respect for citizens' right to change their government peacefully. Government efforts helped reduce mob killings during the year. There were no longer reports that city police in Dar es Salaam used excessive force against or confiscated the goods of petty street traders. The government took more steps to address judicial inefficiency and corruption.
    [Show full text]
  • Tanzania General Elections
    Report of the Commonwealth Observer Group Tanzania General Elections 25 October 2015 Report of the Commonwealth Observer Group Tanzania General Elections 25 October 2015 Table of Contents CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ................................................................................. 1 Terms of Reference ......................................................................... 1 Activities ...................................................................................... 2 Chapter 2 ........................................................................................ 3 POLITICAL BACKGROUND ...................................................................... 3 Major Developments since Independence ............................................... 3 Restoration of Multi-Party Politics ........................................................ 4 Electoral History since the Adoption of Multi-Party Politics .......................... 4 Other Political Developments ............................................................. 6 Key Developments for the 2015 General Elections ..................................... 6 Chapter 3 ........................................................................................ 9 ELECTORAL FRAMEWORK AND ELECTION ADMINISTRATION .............................. 9 Electoral System ............................................................................. 9 Legal Framework and International and Regional Commitments .................... 9 National Electoral Commission and Zanzibar Electoral Commission
    [Show full text]
  • MAJADILIANO YA BUNGE ___MKUTANO WA SITA Kikao Cha
    BUNGE LA TANZANIA ______________ MAJADILIANO YA BUNGE _____________ MKUTANO WA SITA Kikao cha Nane – Tarehe 10 Februari, 2012 (Mkutano Ulianza Saa Tatu Asubuhi) D U A Spika (Mhe. Anne S. Makinda) Alisoma Dua HATI ZILIZOWASILISHWA MEZANI Hati ifuatayo iliwasilishwa Mezani na:- NAIBU WAZIRI WA ELIMU NA MAFUNZO YA UFUNDI: Taarifa ya Mwaka na Hesabu zilizokaguliwa za Chuo Kikuu Huria cha Tanzania kwa Mwaka 2009/2010[The Annual Report and Audited Accounts on the Activities of the Open University of Tanzania for the Financial Year 2009/2010]. MASWALI NA MAJIBU Na. 105 Upungufu wa Maji Katika Mji wa Pangani MHE. SALEHE A. PAMBA aliuliza:- Mji wa Pangani ni Mji unaokuwa kwa kasi kutokana na ongezeko la watu na shughuli za kiuchumi. ongezeko hilo husababisha maji yanayosambazwa na Mamlaka ya Maji Pangani kutosheleza mahitaji ya wakazi wa Mji huo:- Je, Serikali ina mpango gani wa kuongeza ujazo wa maji katika Mji huo ili kukudhi mahitaji hayo? NAIBU WAZIRI, OFISI YA WAZIRI MKUU, TAWALA ZA MIKOA NA SERIKALI ZA MITAA (TAMISEMI) alijibu:- Mheshimiwa Spika, kwa niaba ya Mheshimiwa Waziri MKuu naomba kujibu swali la Mheshiumiwa Salehe Ahmed Pamba, Mbunge wa Pangani, kama ifuatavyo:- Mheshimiwa Spika, huduma ya maji katika Mji wa Pangani na Vijiji vinavyoizunguka Mji huu vya Boza, Mwenbeni, Madanga, Jaira na Kimang’a hutolewa na kusimamiwa na mamlaka ya maji safi mjini. Idadi ya wakazi wanaohudumiwa na mamlaka ya maji ni 16,320 na mahitaji yao ya maji yanakadiriwa kuwa mita za ujazo 2250 kwa siku (2250m3/d) na uwezo wa mamlaka kusambaza maji kwa sasa ni mita za ujazo 1,184 kwa siku ambazo ni sawa na asilimia 52 ya mahitaji ya maji.
    [Show full text]
  • Kitabu Cha Kumbukumbu Za Wabunge
    BUNGE LA TANZANIA ____________ KITABU CHA KUMBUKUMBU ZA WABUNGE BUNGE LA KUMI NA MBILI Toleo la Tatu - Aprili, 2021 1 SEHEMU YA KWANZA UTANGULIZI Bunge limekuwepo toka tupate Uhuru mwaka 1961 na kabla ya Uhuru kuanzia mwaka 1926. Wabunge nao wameendelea kuwepo kwa vipindi tofauti na kwa idadi inayobadilika kila wakati wakitekeleza wajibu wao muhimu wa kutunga sheria na kuisimamia Serikali kwa niaba ya wananchi kwa mujibu wa Katiba ya nchi. Bunge lilipoanza mwaka 1926, Wabunge walikuwa ishirini na moja (21) na mwaka 1961 ulipopatikana Uhuru Wabunge waliongezeka kufikia themanini (80) na baada ya Uchaguzi Mkuu wa mwaka 2010 idadi ya Wabunge iliongezeka na kufikia Wabunge 357. Hata hivyo, baada ya Tume ya Uchaguzi kuona umuhimu wa kuongeza idadi ya majimbo kutokana na sababu mbalimbali sasa hivi idadi ya Wabunge ni 393. Kitabu hiki cha Kumbukumbu za Wabunge kimegawanyika katika Sehemu kuu Kumi na Nne. Katika sehemu hizo, kitabu kimeorodhesha Wabunge wote wa Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania pamoja na anuani zao, namba zao simu za mkononi na majimbo au aina ya uwakilishi wao Bungeni chini ya picha zao ili kurahisisha mawasiliano. Katika mchanganuo wa kila sehemu, Sehemu ya Kwanza ni Utangulizi. Aidha, Wajumbe wa Tume ya Utumishi wa Bunge ambao ndio wasimamizi wa shughuli za Bunge wameorodheshwa katika Sehemu ya Pili ya kitabu hiki ikifuatiwa na Uongozi wa Ofisi ya Bunge katika Sehemu ya Tatu. 2 Sehemu ya Nne imeorodhesha Wabunge wote wa Majimbo wa Bunge la Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania kwa Mikoa ikifuatiwa na Sehemu ya Tano ambayo imeorodhesha Wabunge wote wa Viti Maalum kulingana na uwakilishi wa vyama vyao Bungeni ikianzia na Chama cha Mapinduzi (CCM) na ikifuatiwa na Chama cha Demokrasia na Maendeleo (CHADEMA) na Sehemu ya Sita imeorodhesha Wabunge kupitia nafasi ya Kuteuliwa na Rais na Sehemu ya Saba itaorodhesha Wabunge kutoka Baraza la Wawakilishi.
    [Show full text]
  • Tanzanie, Chronique 2008 Marie-Aude Fouéré
    Tanzanie, Chronique 2008 Marie-Aude Fouéré To cite this version: Marie-Aude Fouéré. Tanzanie, Chronique 2008. Les cahiers d’Afrique de l’Est, IFRA Nairobi, 2010, 42. halshs-00518488 HAL Id: halshs-00518488 https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00518488 Submitted on 17 Sep 2010 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. TANZANIE (République Unie de) Chronique 2008 : La collusion du politique et du financier 1 Par Marie-Aude Fouéré En République Unie de Tanzanie, on se souviendra incontestablement de 2008 comme l’année des grands scandales politico-financiers. Plongeant leurs racines dans la période qui a suivi l’entrée dans le capitalisme économique et financier ouvert en 1985, facilités par l’abolition des limites posées à l’enrichissement des hommes politiques (héritées de l’époque socialiste et connues sous le nom de Code des dirigeants) opérée en 1991 par la Déclaration de Zanzibar, ces scandales éclatent en plein jour à la fin 2007 et s’égrainent lentement, d’une audience en justice à une autre, de janvier à décembre 2008, et jusqu’à
    [Show full text]