DOCSLIB.ORG

Journal of Field Ecology 2009

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Journal of Field Ecology 2009 Journal of Field Ecology 2009 FOREST DYNAMICS Species-independent, Scale-invariant self-similarity in the Daniel Poon 7 allometry of branches and trunks within a heterogeneous forest Disturbance and fire refugia: deviations from invariant scaling Jane Remfert 14 relations across plant communities Looking for a DBH power function in Cassandra Bog Woods Elizabeth Hood 20 Testing for self thinning in oaks and comparing results in the Melissa Brady 25 presence of Gayluccacia Biases in spatial sampling for size frequency distributions Theresa Ong 31 Neutral theory and the predictions of the species distribution of an Melissa Brady 43 edge habitat Seedling establishment over a disturbance gradient exposes a Daniel Poon 47 species dominance shift within an oak-hickory forest SPATIAL PATTERN FORMATION Examining ant mosaic in the Big Woods of the E.S. George Hyunmin Han 55 Reserve Adventures in self-organization: spatial distribution of Japanese Amanda Grimm 63 Barberry in the E.S. George Reserve Distribution of Sarracenia purpurea clusters in Hidden Lake Hyunmin Han 68 Bog of the E.S. George Reserve BOTANY A survey of host-liana relationships in a Michigan oak-hickory Jane Remfert 74 forest: specificity and overwhelmedness Vine distribution and colonization preferences in the Big Woods Alexa Unruh 81 Examining the relationship between growth and reproduction in Megan Banka 88 perennial forbs Ramets and rhizomes: trade-offs in clonal plants in relation to Elizabeth Hood 96 water availability Hybridization among Quercus veluntina and Quercus rubra is Semoya Phillips 100 evident but a pattern of organization is not COMMUNITY COMPOSITION The halo of life: patterns in ant species richness in a Michigan Leslie McGinnis 105 scrubland The effect of an environmental gradient on species abundance in Jane Skillman 111 Cassandra Bog Stands of Typha sp. Support a different composition of benthic Semoya Phillips 117 macroinvertebrates than other types of vegetation in experimental ponds at E.S. George Reserve Distribution and abundance of organisms inhabiting pitcher plant Evan Childress 122 inquilines HABITAT SELECTION Nesting preferences in Elaeagnus umbellate Jane Skillman 130 Colony size in Formica obscuripes as an indicator of habitat John Berini 136 stability: a positive feedback loop favoring the occupation of stable habitat types by large colonies Habitat preference by Peromyscus leucopus in the E.S. George Alexa Unruh 144 Reserve Exogenous factors influencing chipmunk (Tamias striatus) Evan Childress 150 burrow distribution OAK HERBIVORY AND PARASITISM The leaf-miner paradox: a tradeoff between parental preferences Theresa Ong 157 and larval success Distribution patterns of the Cynipid gall-maker Amphibolips Colin Donihue 166 cooki on oak seedlings in three habitats Dispersal patterns and leaf-preference of the Cynipid gall-maker Colin Donihue 172 Amphibolips cooki on oak seedling in three habitats Untangling the oak-gall system: plant stress influences the Daniel Katz 179 impacts of Cynipid wasps on oaks A preliminary study of chemical-mediated plant-herbivory Hsun-Yi Hsieh 186 interaction in E.S. George reserve: interactions between huckleberry, leafminers and oaks Insect herbivory prevalence and type on white oak and red/black Aaron Iverson 192 oak tress and saplings in the E.S. George Reserve PARASITISM AND DISEASE A test for Janzen-Connell effect: relationship between proportion Yi Hou 201 of Hamamelis virginiana seeds inviable or parasitized and clump area Is one really the loneliest number? Can density and distances Hsun-Yi Hsieh 209 from clump center be proxies of severities of studied American Elm and Red Maple diseases? Dogwood anthracnose in the E.S. George reserve: the rise of Elizabeth Hood 221 Discula destructive Prediction of Discula distructive severity in distinct Cornus Hyunmin Han 227 florida patches Patterns and effects of Sitochroa palealis herbivory on Daucus Serge Fariñas 234 carota in early stage invasion The temporal evasion of intense Sitochroa palealis herbivory by Serge Fariñas 243 late blooming Daucus carota APPLIED ECOLOGY Using Macroinvertebrates to test the effects of dam removal on Mairin Balisi 250 water quality Re-evaluation of dam removal: using benthic macroinvertebrates Mairin Balisi 254 to assess stream recovery Use of the fractal dimension of leaf area for leaf identification Daniel Katz 261 Forest biomass estimates for three different land cover types on John Berini 266 the Edwin S. George Reserve, Livingston County, Michigan Human-mediated seed dispersal in two landscapes and their Megan Banka 271 adjacent roads INVASION ECOLOGY Tetramorium: is the invasion complete? Melissa Brady 279 Infestation of biological control agents in response to the spatial Aaron Iverson 284 distribution and height of plant host Centaurea maculosa A method to predict zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) body Yi Hou 292 length from shell fragment: the relationship between body length and umbonal length The alien advantage: use of novel weapons by Centaurea stoebe, Amanda Grimm 300 an invasive forb OTHER TOPICS Differential fruit preferences of ground foragers for native and Theresa Ong 305 non-native plants Distribution and behavior of two species of aphid-tending ants Leslie McGinnis 314 A comparison of litter decomposition rates near trees associated Jane Skillman 320 with ecto-mycorrhizal fungi and non-ecto-mycorrhizal fungi FOREST DYNAMICS Species-independent, Scale-invariant self-similarity in the Daniel Poon 7 allometry of branches and trunks within a heterogeneous forest Disturbance and fire refugia: deviations from invariant scaling Jane Remfert 14 relations across plant communities Looking for a DBH power function in Cassandra Bog Woods Elizabeth Hood 20 Testing for self thinning in oaks and comparing results in the Melissa Brady 25 presence of Gayluccacia Biases in spatial sampling for size frequency distributions Theresa Ong 31 Neutral theory and the predictions of the species distribution of Melissa Brady 43 an edge habitat Seedling establishment over a disturbance gradient exposes a Daniel Poon 47 species dominance shift within an oak-hickory forest SPECIES-INDEPENDENT, SCALE-INVARIANT SELF-SIMILARITY IN THE ALLOMETRY OF BRANCHES AND TRUNKS WITHIN A HETEROGENEOUS FOREST DANIEL POON, ALEXA UNRUH, AARON IVERSON, ELIZABETH HOOD, KELVIN HAN, JES SKILLMAN, KARINA LANERI, JOHN BERINI, & JOHN VANDERMEER ABSTRACT We investigated patterns of self-similarity within a Michigan oak-hickory forest undergoing succession. Branch circumference distribution across all trees in the forest were found to follow a power law with exponent approximately equal to the exponent for the power law distribution of DBH across the whole forest, both ~ -2.5. Within each species the branch circumference distribution exponents all differ significantly from the distribution of DBH of that species within the forest, corresponding more closely instead to the distribution of DBH of all species within the forest taken together. The correspondence between the exponents of species-specific branch power laws and the whole-forest DBH power law was species-independent among the understory trees, suggesting the existence of species-independent growth regulation sensitive to forest-wide architecture. INTRODUCTION Any natural distribution network will follow a power law. (West et al. 1999) This tendency is exhibited by vascular systems, bronchial tubes, and tree branches. West et al. (2009) introduced the idea that a forest can be viewed as a vascular system. As a whole, the entire forest behaves like a scaled version of the largest tree. As a vascular system, each tree removes energy and resources from the ecosystem at a fairly uniform rate across the community. The growth of individuals in the system of a given size must be equal to the mortality of individuals of the same size class. However, these models assume that the populations in the system are demographically stable. In systems that are not stable, a power law should not be observed because populations are changing. In these systems, individuals in the largest size classes would be dying at a higher rate than those in the smaller classes. Kéfi et al. (2007) demonstrate that an ecosystem undergoing a change of dominance will deviate from a power law. Therefore, any deviation of the distribution of the sizes of trees from a power law should indicate a change in the dominant species populations of that ecosystem. Enquist and Niklas (2000) found that the number of individuals in a forest plot scales as the -2 power of basal stem diameter, independent of species composition or latitude, and developed a metabolic simulation model that reproduced the effect of this power law. The same authors (1999) found that a single set of power laws relating the allometry of biomass, body size, and growth rate held for photosynthetic organisms across twenty orders of magnitude from unicellular algae to woody dicots. The question therefore arises: down to what size scale does power-law scale-invariance hold within an organism? In particular, does the forest-wide growth pattern inform the growth behavior of a single tree? If one can expect that trunks should show a 7 power law irrespective of the tree species because each trunk is but a single element in a forest- wide vascular system, then one would also expect the same phenomenon to be found in branches, irrespective of the tree species from which the branches come, as branches too are single vascular elements. Indeed, one might expect to see a power law exhibited by the distribution of the sizes of tree individuals in a forest for many reasons. Because the branches, trunks, and roots of trees are all interconnected bifurcating systems, they transport their fluids using the same physical methods. By competing to fill open spaces with the best nutrient and water availability for each individual, individuals will grow at every size scale. Yet there are also many reasons why one might not expect the branch diameter distributions of all the individual tree species in the forest to exhibit the same power law exponent. Different types of trees will allocate different amounts of biomass and resources to their leaves. Root-to- shoot ratios for different species vary.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Addenda and Amendments to a Checklist of the Lepidoptera of the British Isles on Account of Subsequently Published Data
    Ent Rec 128(2)_Layout 1 22/03/2016 12:53 Page 98 94 Entomologist’s Rec. J. Var. 128 (2016) ADDENDA AND AMENDMENTS TO A CHECKLIST OF THE LEPIDOPTERA OF THE BRITISH ISLES ON ACCOUNT OF SUBSEQUENTLY PUBLISHED DATA 1 DAVID J. L. A GASSIZ , 2 S. D. B EAVAN & 1 R. J. H ECKFORD 1 Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD 2 The Hayes, Zeal Monachorum, Devon EX17 6DF This update incorpotes information published before 25 March 2016 into A Checklist of the Lepidoptera of the British Isles, 2013. CENSUS The number of species now recorded from the British Isles stands at 2535 of which 57 are thought to be extinct and in addition there are 177 adventive species. CHANGE OF STATUS (no longer extinct) p. 17 16.013 remove X, Hall (2013) p. 25 35.006 remove X, Beavan & Heckford (2014) p. 40 45.024 remove X, Wilton (2014) p. 54 49.340 remove X, Manning (2015) ADDITIONAL SPECIES in main list 12.0047 Infurcitinea teriolella (Amsel, 1954) E S W I C 15.0321 Parornix atripalpella Wahlström, 1979 E S W I C 15.0861 Phyllonorycter apparella (Herrich-Schäffer, 1855) E S W I C 15.0862 Phyllonorycter pastorella (Zeller, 1846) E S W I C 27.0021 Oegoconia novimundi (Busck, 1915) E S W I C 35.0299 Helcystogramma triannulella (Herrich-Sch äffer, 1854) E S W I C 41.0041 Blastobasis maroccanella Amsel, 1952 E S W I C 48.0071 Choreutis nemorana (Hübner, 1799) E S W I C 49.0371 Clepsis dumicolana (Zeller, 1847) E S W I C 49.2001 TETRAMOERA Diakonoff, [1968] langmaidi Plant, 2014 E S W I C 62.0151 Delplanqueia inscriptella (Duponchel, 1836) E S W I C 72.0061 Hypena lividalis (Hübner, 1790) Chevron Snout E S W I C 70.2841 PUNGELARIA Rougemont, 1903 capreolaria ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) Banded Pine Carpet E S W I C 72.0211 HYPHANTRIA Harris, 1841 cunea (Drury, 1773) Autumn Webworm E S W I C 73.0041 Thysanoplusia daubei (Boisduval, 1840) Boathouse Gem E S W I C 73.0301 Aedia funesta (Esper, 1786) Druid E S W I C Ent Rec 128(2)_Layout 1 22/03/2016 12:53 Page 99 Entomologist’s Rec.
    [Show full text]
  • Predicting Future Coexistence in a North American Ant Community Sharon Bewick1,2, Katharine L
    Predicting future coexistence in a North American ant community Sharon Bewick1,2, Katharine L. Stuble1, Jean-Phillipe Lessard3,4, Robert R. Dunn5, Frederick R. Adler6,7 & Nathan J. Sanders1,3 1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 2National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 3Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark 4Quebec Centre for Biodiversity Science, Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada 5Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 6Department of Mathematics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 7Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah Keywords Abstract Ant communities, climate change, differential equations, mechanistic models, species Global climate change will remodel ecological communities worldwide. How- interactions. ever, as a consequence of biotic interactions, communities may respond to cli- mate change in idiosyncratic ways. This makes predictive models that Correspondence incorporate biotic interactions necessary. We show how such models can be Sharon Bewick, Department of Biology, constructed based on empirical studies in combination with predictions or University of Maryland, College Park, MD assumptions regarding the abiotic consequences of climate change. Specifically, 20742, USA. Tel: 724-833-4459; we consider a well-studied ant community in North America. First, we use his- Fax: 301-314-9358; E-mail: [email protected] torical data to parameterize a basic model for species coexistence. Using this model, we determine the importance of various factors, including thermal Funding Information niches, food discovery rates, and food removal rates, to historical species coexis- RRD and NJS were supported by DOE-PER tence.
    [Show full text]
  • Coleoptera) (Excluding Anthribidae
    A FAUNAL SURVEY AND ZOOGEOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF THE CURCULIONOIDEA (COLEOPTERA) (EXCLUDING ANTHRIBIDAE, PLATPODINAE. AND SCOLYTINAE) OF THE LOWER RIO GRANDE VALLEY OF TEXAS A Thesis TAMI ANNE CARLOW Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE August 1997 Major Subject; Entomology A FAUNAL SURVEY AND ZOOGEOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF THE CURCVLIONOIDEA (COLEOPTERA) (EXCLUDING ANTHRIBIDAE, PLATYPODINAE. AND SCOLYTINAE) OF THE LOWER RIO GRANDE VALLEY OF TEXAS A Thesis by TAMI ANNE CARLOW Submitted to Texas AgcM University in partial fulltllment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE Approved as to style and content by: Horace R. Burke (Chair of Committee) James B. Woolley ay, Frisbie (Member) (Head of Department) Gilbert L. Schroeter (Member) August 1997 Major Subject: Entomology A Faunal Survey and Zoogeographic Analysis of the Curculionoidea (Coleoptera) (Excluding Anthribidae, Platypodinae, and Scolytinae) of the Lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas. (August 1997) Tami Anne Carlow. B.S. , Cornell University Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. Horace R. Burke An annotated list of the Curculionoidea (Coleoptem) (excluding Anthribidae, Platypodinae, and Scolytinae) is presented for the Lower Rio Grande Valley (LRGV) of Texas. The list includes species that occur in Cameron, Hidalgo, Starr, and Wigacy counties. Each of the 23S species in 97 genera is tteated according to its geographical range. Lower Rio Grande distribution, seasonal activity, plant associations, and biology. The taxonomic atTangement follows O' Brien &, Wibmer (I og2). A table of the species occuning in patxicular areas of the Lower Rio Grande Valley, such as the Boca Chica Beach area, the Sabal Palm Grove Sanctuary, Bentsen-Rio Grande State Park, and the Falcon Dam area is included.
    [Show full text]
  • Larval-Ant Interactions in the Mojave Desert: Communication Brings Us Together
    UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones May 2018 Larval-Ant Interactions in the Mojave Desert: Communication Brings Us Together Alicia Mellor Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/thesesdissertations Part of the Environmental Sciences Commons, and the Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology Commons Repository Citation Mellor, Alicia, "Larval-Ant Interactions in the Mojave Desert: Communication Brings Us Together" (2018). UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones. 3291. http://dx.doi.org/10.34917/13568598 This Thesis is protected by copyright and/or related rights. It has been brought to you by Digital Scholarship@UNLV with permission from the rights-holder(s). You are free to use this Thesis in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s) directly, unless additional rights are indicated by a Creative Commons license in the record and/ or on the work itself. This Thesis has been accepted for inclusion in UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones by an authorized administrator of Digital Scholarship@UNLV. For more information, please contact [email protected]. LARVAL‐ANT INTERACTIONS IN THE MOJAVE DESERT: COMMUNICATION BRINGS US TOGETHER By Alicia M. Mellor Bachelor of Science – Biological Sciences Colorado Mesa University 2013 A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Science – Biological Sciences College of Sciences School of Life Sciences The Graduate College University of Nevada, Las Vegas May 2018 Thesis Approval The Graduate College The University of Nevada, Las Vegas April 12, 2018 This thesis prepared by Alicia M.
    [Show full text]
  • Trophobiosis Between Formicidae and Hemiptera (Sternorrhyncha and Auchenorrhyncha): an Overview
    December, 2001 Neotropical Entomology 30(4) 501 FORUM Trophobiosis Between Formicidae and Hemiptera (Sternorrhyncha and Auchenorrhyncha): an Overview JACQUES H.C. DELABIE 1Lab. Mirmecologia, UPA Convênio CEPLAC/UESC, Centro de Pesquisas do Cacau, CEPLAC, C. postal 7, 45600-000, Itabuna, BA and Depto. Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais, Univ. Estadual de Santa Cruz, 45660-000, Ilhéus, BA, [email protected] Neotropical Entomology 30(4): 501-516 (2001) Trofobiose Entre Formicidae e Hemiptera (Sternorrhyncha e Auchenorrhyncha): Uma Visão Geral RESUMO – Fêz-se uma revisão sobre a relação conhecida como trofobiose e que ocorre de forma convergente entre formigas e diferentes grupos de Hemiptera Sternorrhyncha e Auchenorrhyncha (até então conhecidos como ‘Homoptera’). As principais características dos ‘Homoptera’ e dos Formicidae que favorecem as interações trofobióticas, tais como a excreção de honeydew por insetos sugadores, atendimento por formigas e necessidades fisiológicas dos dois grupos de insetos, são discutidas. Aspectos da sua evolução convergente são apresenta- dos. O sistema mais arcaico não é exatamente trofobiótico, as forrageadoras coletam o honeydew despejado ao acaso na folhagem por indivíduos ou grupos de ‘Homoptera’ não associados. As relações trofobióticas mais comuns são facultativas, no entanto, esta forma de mutualismo é extremamente diversificada e é responsável por numerosas adaptações fisiológicas, morfológicas ou comportamentais entre os ‘Homoptera’, em particular Sternorrhyncha. As trofobioses mais diferenciadas são verdadeiras simbioses onde as adaptações mais extremas são observadas do lado dos ‘Homoptera’. Ao mesmo tempo, as formigas mostram adaptações comportamentais que resultam de um longo período de coevolução. Considerando-se os inse- tos sugadores como principais pragas dos cultivos em nível mundial, as implicações das rela- ções trofobióticas são discutidas no contexto das comunidades de insetos em geral, focalizan- do os problemas que geram em Manejo Integrado de Pragas (MIP), em particular.
    [Show full text]
  • Botolph's Bridge, Hythe Redoubt, Hythe Ranges West And
    Folkestone and Hythe Birds Tetrad Guide: TR13 G (Botolph’s Bridge, Hythe Redoubt, Hythe Ranges West, and Nickolls Quarry) The tetrad TR13 G contains a number of major local hotspots, with Nickolls Quarry, the Botolph’s Bridge area and part of Hythe Ranges located within its boundaries. As a consequence the tetrad has the richest diversity of breeding birds in the local area, with 71 species having a status of at least possible in the latest BTO Atlas survey. It also had the highest total of species (125) in the winter Atlas survey. Sadly a major housing development is now in progress at the Nickolls Quarry site and much of the best habitat is now being disturbed or lost. Nickolls Quarry has been watched since the late 1940s, though early coverage was patchy, particularly in the 1960s and 1970s. As a working quarry the site has undergone significant changes during this time, expanding from two small pits to a much larger area of open water, some of which has since been backfilled. During 2001 to 2004 a series of shallow pools were created which proved particularly attractive to waders. Nickolls Quarry in 1952 Nickolls Quarry in 1998 Looking roughly northwards across the 'old pit' Looking south-west across the site towards the Hythe Roughs towards Dungeness Although a major housing development is underway on the site it still contains some interesting habitats. The lake is easily the largest area of open water in the local area and so remains one of the best areas for wildfowl, particularly during cold weather, for example in December 2010 when there were peak counts of 170 Wigeon, 107 Coot, 104 Pochard, 100 Teal, 53 Tufted Duck, 34 Gadwall, 18 Mute Swan, 12 Pintail, 10 Bewick’s Swan, 8 Shoveler, singles of Goldeneye and Goosander, and 300 White-fronted Geese flew over.
    [Show full text]
  • Records of Two New Palearctic Moth Species Associated with Queen Anne’S Lace in Nova Scotia
    J. Acad. Entomol. Soc. 13: 54-57 (2017) NOTE Records of two new Palearctic moth species associated with Queen Anne’s lace in Nova Scotia Jeffrey Ogden Daucus carota Linnaeus, commonly known as Queen Anne’s lace or wild carrot, is native to Europe and southwestern Asia. It is believed to have been introduced to North America in soil ballast by the first European settlers (Lindroth 1957). It has historically been used as a food source and is the ancestral plant of our common cultivated garden carrot. Since its introduction, Daucus carota has spread widely and is common to much of North America. In Nova Scotia, this biennial is a very common plant of fields, roadsides and other weedy areas throughout the mainland and parts of Cape Breton (Zinck 1998). Previous insect surveys have recorded hundreds of species of insects attracted to the large white flower heads of the plant (Judd 1970; Largo & Mann 1987). Although considered a common weed species, Daucus carota is an important host to numerous beneficial insect species, including many pollinators and predatory species (Judd 1970). In this report, the first detections ofSitochroa palealis (Denis & Schiffermüller) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), the carrot seed moth, and Depressaria depressana (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Depressariidae), the purple carrot seed moth, are described from Nova Scotia. Larvae of each species were collected within the flower heads of Daucus carota during the summers of 2015 to 2017. Adults were collected as part of an ongoing light trapping survey and through lab rearing. Verified photograph records were also considered. Voucher specimens have been deposited in the Nova Scotia Department of Natural Resources Reference Collection, the Nova Scotia Museum, and the author’s personal collection.
    [Show full text]
  • Weevils) of the George Washington Memorial Parkway, Virginia
    September 2020 The Maryland Entomologist Volume 7, Number 4 The Maryland Entomologist 7(4):43–62 The Curculionoidea (Weevils) of the George Washington Memorial Parkway, Virginia Brent W. Steury1*, Robert S. Anderson2, and Arthur V. Evans3 1U.S. National Park Service, 700 George Washington Memorial Parkway, Turkey Run Park Headquarters, McLean, Virginia 22101; [email protected] *Corresponding author 2The Beaty Centre for Species Discovery, Research and Collection Division, Canadian Museum of Nature, PO Box 3443, Station D, Ottawa, ON. K1P 6P4, CANADA;[email protected] 3Department of Recent Invertebrates, Virginia Museum of Natural History, 21 Starling Avenue, Martinsville, Virginia 24112; [email protected] ABSTRACT: One-hundred thirty-five taxa (130 identified to species), in at least 97 genera, of weevils (superfamily Curculionoidea) were documented during a 21-year field survey (1998–2018) of the George Washington Memorial Parkway national park site that spans parts of Fairfax and Arlington Counties in Virginia. Twenty-three species documented from the parkway are first records for the state. Of the nine capture methods used during the survey, Malaise traps were the most successful. Periods of adult activity, based on dates of capture, are given for each species. Relative abundance is noted for each species based on the number of captures. Sixteen species adventive to North America are documented from the parkway, including three species documented for the first time in the state. Range extensions are documented for two species. Images of five species new to Virginia are provided. Keywords: beetles, biodiversity, Malaise traps, national parks, new state records, Potomac Gorge. INTRODUCTION This study provides a preliminary list of the weevils of the superfamily Curculionoidea within the George Washington Memorial Parkway (GWMP) national park site in northern Virginia.
    [Show full text]
  • Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from Indomalaya and Australasia, with a Redescription of P
    Zootaxa 4441 (1): 171–180 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) http://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2018 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4441.1.10 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:5F4989D0-B9A9-4830-8C60-A19A5575E9B9 Two new Prenolepis species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from Indomalaya and Australasia, with a redescription of P. dugasi from Vietnam JASON L. WILLIAMS1 & JOHN S. LAPOLLA2 1Entomology & Nematology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America. E-mail: [email protected] 2Department of Biological Sciences, Towson University, Towson, Maryland, United States of America. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Prenolepis is a lineage of formicine ants with its center of diversity in the Old World tropics. Three more Prenolepis spe- cies are added to the Indomalayan and Australasian fauna and another is synonymized, bringing the total number of Pre- nolepis species worldwide to 19. Two new species are described: P. nepalensis from Nepal and P. lakekamu from Papua New Guinea, the latter being the first in the genus east of Wallace’s Line. Additionally, P. dugasi Forel (comb. rev.) from Vietnam is transferred from Nylanderia and redescribed. Based on morphology, each of the three species appears to be most closely-related to other species found predominantly in or nearest to their respective bioregions: P. nepalensis most resembles P. darlena, P. fisheri, and P. fustinoda; P. lakekamu bears strongest resemblance to P. jacobsoni, P. jerdoni, and P. subopaca; and P. dugasi most resembles P. melanogaster. Descriptions, illustrations and images are provided for all three species.
    [Show full text]
  • July 19, 2012 Vegetable Notes
    University of Massachusetts Extension Vegetable Notes For Vegetable Farmers in Massachusetts Volume 23, Number 13 July 19, 2012 IN THIS ISSUE CROP CONDITIONS Crop Conditions Hot and dry: hard on plants and people. Daily highs over 90 for Pest Alerts seven days or more has put high demand on soil water reserves, and irrigation water sources. Yield will be reduced in some non- Potato & Tomato Late and Early Blight Update irrigated fields, including sweet corn, cucurbits and potato. None- Cucurbit Update theless we are seeing strong yields of excellent quality midsummer Melon Aphid Likes Hot Dry Weather crops.This issue will focus on heat related crop problems and pests. Some parts of the state received 1-2 inches Wednesday night as the Watch for Spider Mites in Eggplant front moved through, extremely welcome, though spotty across the Tomato Pollination and Excessive Heat state. Hail hit some areas. Stress in Vegetables Compared to many other regions of the US, southern New Eng- Watch for Potato Flea Beetle in Eggplant land’s drought conditions are mild. The map below uses the Palmer Sap Beetles index as a measure of drought severity. Visit the eXtension drought website for more on definitions of drought, the far-reaching Sweet Corn Report New Look-Alike in ECB Traps Mass. Tomato Contest to be held August 20 impacts, and helpful resources. See EDEN, Extension Disaster Education Network at http://eden.lsu.edu/Pages/ default.aspx NOTE: he twilight meeting planned for July 31 at Ko- sinski Farm has been cancelled. PEST ALERTS Swiss Chard: look for eggs and larval mines of spinach leaf miner (see photo).
    [Show full text]
  • The Hakea Fruit Weevil, Erytenna Consputa Pascoe (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), and the Biological Control of Hakea Sericea Schrader in South Africa
    THE HAKEA FRUIT WEEVIL, ERYTENNA CONSPUTA PASCOE (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE), AND THE BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF HAKEA SERICEA SCHRADER IN SOUTH AFRICA BY ROBERT LOUIS KLUGE Dissertation submitted to Rhodes University for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Zoology and Entomology Rhodes University Grahamstown, South Africa January, 1983 ", '. -I FRONTISPIECE TOP : Mountains in the south-western Cape with typical, dense infestations of Hakea sericea on the slopes in the background. In the foreground is the typical, low-growing, indigenous mountain-fynbos vegetation with grey bushes of Protea nerii­ folia R. Br . prominent, and a small clump of H. sericea in the lower left-hand corner. The picture is framed by a H. seri- cea branch on the right . MIDDLE LEFT: A larva of the hake a fruit weevil, Erytenna consputa tunnelling in a developing fruit. MIDDLE RIGHT: The adult hakea fruit weevil, ~. consputa. BOTTOM LEFT & RIGHT: Developing~ . sericea fruits before and after attack by larvae of E. consputa . ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I wish to thank the following: THE DIRECTORATE OF THE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE for allowing me to use the results of the project, done while in their em­ ploy, for this thesis. THE DIRECTOR OF THE PLANT PROTECTION RESEARCH INSTITUTE for providing funds and facilities. THE DIRECTORS OF THE VARIOUS REGIONS OF THE DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AFFAIRS AND FISHERIES AND THE FORESTERS, whose outstanding co-operation made this work possible. PROF. V.C. MORAN, my promotor, for his enthusiasm and expert guidance in the preparation of the drafts. DR S. NESER for his inspiration and unselfis~ help during the cours~ ' of thew6rk.
    [Show full text]
  • (Lepidoptera:Gracillariidae) and Its Parasitoid, Pnigalio Jlavipes
    18 J. ENTOMOL. Soc. BRIT. C OLUMBIA 89, DECEMBER, 1992 Establishment of Phyllonorycter mespilella (HUbner) (Lepidoptera:Gracillariidae) and its parasitoid, Pnigalio jlavipes (Hymenoptera:Eulophidae), in fruit orchards in the Okanagan and Similkameen Valleys of British Columbia J. E. COSSENTINE AND L. B. JENSEN AGR ICULTURE CANADA RESEARCH STATION SUMMERLAND, BR IT ISH COLUMBIA VUH IZO CONTR I BUTION # 795 ABSTRACT In 1988, a leafminer, Phy/lonoryCl er mespile/la (Hubner) (Lepidoptera:Gracillariidae) was found for the first time in commercial fruit orchards in the Okanagan and Similkameen valleys of British Columbia after apparently moving across the international border from Washington State. Leafminer infestat ions and parasito id-induced-Ieafminer-mortalities were assessed in widespread surveys in the two orcharding areas from 1988 to 1990. Pnigalio jlavipes (Hymenoptera:Eul ophidae) was the primary parasitoid of the leafminer pest. Three additional parasito id species associated wi th the leafminer host in 1990 were: a Sympie.lis species, an Eulophus species and a Cirrospilus species (Hymenoptera:Eul ophidae). Parasi­ tism reduced intraseasonalleafminer population increase as parasitoid-induced-mortality in the first leafminer generation of 1989 and 1990 was negatively correlated with leafminer density in both the second and third generations of the same year. Key words: lnsecta , Phy/lonorycter mespilella, leafminer, parasitism. INTRODUCTION The leafminer pest of several economically important tree fruit-crops in western North America, previously misidentified as Phyllol1orycter elmaella Doganlar & Mutuura (Lep­ idoptera: Gracillariidae), has been identified as Phyl!onorycter mespi/el!a (HUbner) by J.-E Landry (Centre for Land and Biological Resources Research, Ottawa) and D. Wagner (University of Connecticut, Storrs).
    [Show full text]