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MI Amplification
MI Amplification Owner’s Manual 1 1. Welcome ....................................................................................................................................... 4 2. Precautions................................................................................................................................... 5 3. Amp Overview .............................................................................................................................. 6 3.1. Preamp.............................................................................................................................................. 6 3.2. Power Amp ....................................................................................................................................... 6 3.3. FX Loops .......................................................................................................................................... 7 3.4. Operating Modes ............................................................................................................................. 7 4. Getting Started ............................................................................................................................. 8 5. The Channels ............................................................................................................................... 9 5.1. Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 9 5.2. Channel 1 ......................................................................................................................................... -
Valve Biasing
VALVE AMP BIASING Biased information How have valve amps survived over 30 years of change? Derek Rocco explains why they are still a vital ingredient in music making, and talks you through the mysteries of biasing N THE LAST DECADE WE HAVE a signal to the grid it causes a water as an electrical current, you alter the negative grid voltage by seen huge advances in current to flow from the cathode to will never be confused again. When replacing the resistor I technology which have the plate. The grid is also known as your tap is turned off you get no to gain the current draw required. profoundly changed the way we the control grid, as by varying the water flowing through. With your Cathode bias amplifiers have work. Despite the rise in voltage on the grid you can control amp if you have too much negative become very sought after. They solid-state and digital modelling how much current is passed from voltage on the grid you will stop have a sweet organic sound that technology, virtually every high- the cathode to the plate. This is the electrical current from flowing. has a rich harmonic sustain and profile guitarist and even recording known as the grid bias of your amp This is known as they produce a powerful studios still rely on good ol’ – the correct bias level is vital to the ’over-biased’ soundstage. Examples of these fashioned valves. operation and tone of the amplifier. and the amp are most of the original 1950’s By varying the negative grid will produce Fender tweed amps such as the What is a valve? bias the technician can correctly an unbearable Deluxe and, of course, the Hopefully, a brief explanation will set up your amp for maximum distortion at all legendary Vox AC30. -
The EL34 Power Tube HI-'I
The EL34 Power Tube HI-'I .... o.l"r A lp Musical Evaluations of a Classic Design .... A_I . 4.551 Single. Ended EL·84 Stereo Amp ~ _ .... ,���\� . -""" ".. - ...-., p.,.��",-, �. 1""""' -�,�.. � . oPf' ' ".".. ._ '" "'� .,_ "'�•• '" "'� ...- ' ,t\1".' ,w ' � "'\)U'�..,. ,\ 1\ ' ��-;---""\.\. ",.-" " ".,... "", ""�_ " tt"�" ,....-" ...........,...1"'" '�" ""t\1 _,.,.""" ....'" 'r·\ �'� . � ......,. �,,,. � ,..' ",...., \PJOl8'i .... �,�oPf',.,....;:.. O\ �,cl\ ., .... " , � ...,,.. AA �r- . · :::- ,,<,<, ,. ..""'"':k ...0'\1. � ':;: "",;: .. .._ " r ,...,.. _ "" " .-;.,,...""".... ",.... ......,.,.,,, -;;. ,... :;..,� _ """;.... -� . 0 """ " . ,,..,. ,t" ,,'" <""" , .-_,.;.;.''' � .. '''''''-o<f' _ ....;;; .,;::; , -- '" " ,.,...,.. "" .'" ::, ,t"� ��. ...,.,..,.;.;."1"" ''/'''' � _.� "" f"'� . � ' M'''" ' "- """",,; ,.of .,.,..� .. ...,. ' "' 1" '". '_1"""' . .. " ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,_ f"""";""';..::: .,... " '�,;;.;:' ' ......,,..,..,. _-:: -__':1oPf' ::;;'", --''''"", ""","" ", ' �':::', � ' ""r; """"-"' .''''''''�}.. ,t\1 \ �·, � ot ,;: "" � ,.,. ---� , _.at" � t\JV" �� � 'i"'f'- " .::... .. .... �. , ,�,....,.' .....;. _ ...-:> ".... JC8'I\\ -, \�..- WOl\ """,.""''1"'"- �""'" � '-,�� 6<1\"""- ' ""'..,... � ...... � 6U'." �. - ,t\1 , . _ , "'" 1J>b\"� ��, oPf''' .,..-._ " "" .0. " ..... ���_���\t"�'".. ' ....... "" "",",. N ��:L [\l\'J � ��i y< • D T 0 • , 5 P A G • A N D N D u 5 T • y N • w 5 Beware of FakeNOS Tubes! CE Distribution US Distributor for Electronic Tubes VTV Issue # 1 6 JJ Over the last year or so, we have JJ Electronic, -
VACUUM TUBE VALLEY Fall 1995 Price $6.50
Pub/ish«lQuarterly Celebrating the History and QlIOlity of Vocllum Tube Te<lmology luue 2 Vo/LlI7U! I VACUUM TUBE VALLEY Fall 1995 Price $6.50 Magnum SE Amplifier Da\-c Wolze rec.:nrlydesigned and built an SE amp with power and punch. Page 17 ...... Tube Review: EL·34 In one of existence since 1953 and th(Omost popular audio tubes of all time, rhe EL-34 has many variarions and performance characteristics. Page 8 Heath W-6M Heathkit: Early Tube Hi-Fi years. In This Issue .. manufacturer of Heathkit was the largest d�c Ironic kits in the US, alone time, selling over ntbe bldustry News 350 different types of kts. Learn more aboUl Check OUt the latest happen gs i in in the the early days of Heath Hi-Fi. Page 3 world of vacuum tubes. Learn the results of a recent survey of tuhe dislfih mors and sellers conducted by VIV. MU/UlrdEL-34s Harbouroudines the latest Ilem and Eric Early Cinema Sound Views. Page 15 vrv examines an early \xre�ternElectric [heater sound system. Page 24 Guitar Amplifiers Learn about how to get the best guitar tone. Chaclie Kittleson interviews Terry Buddingh, Tube Amp Expert from GuiTdrPi4yer Magazine. Page 20 Heatb w-4AM Tube Matching: Get the best soutuisfrom your amp. Matched tubes arc essential for opti mum performance from push-pull amps. n John Atwood explai s tube matching techniques for the layman. Page 22 Vacuum Tube Valleyis published quarterly for electronic enthusiasts interested in the See (Jur newfiatures in this months colorfv1 past, present and fvture af yocuum tube electronics. -
Push - Pull Audiophile - Output (1608-1650 "A" Series)
Push - Pull Audiophile - Output (1608-1650 "A" Series) PUSH - PULL "EASY HOOK-UP" "CLASSIC" TUBE TYPE - ULTRA-LINEAR OUTPUT TRANSFORMERS • NEW & Improved version of our 1608-1650 series output transformers (re-designed secondaries for easy hook- up of secondary loads) • Designed for push-pull tube output circuits. o • Enclosed (shielded), 4 slot, above chassis Type "X" mounting. • Frequency response 30 Hz. to 30 Khz. at full rated power (+/- 1 db max. - ref. 1 Khz) minimum. Except the Audi 1650E (70 Hz. to 30 Khz. +/- 1 db max. - ref. 1 Khz.) be • Insulated flexible leads 8" min. • All units (except the 1650G) include 40% screen taps for Ultra-Linear operation (if desired). Tu • Typical applications - Push-Pull: triode, Ultra-Linear pentode, and tetrode connected audio output. The 1650G does NOT have primary screen taps and will not support "Ultra-Linear" applications. Audio Dimensions (Inches) Part Primary Max. DC Secondary Wt. Watts E G Number Impedance Per Side Impedance A B C D Lbs. (RMS) +/- 1/16” Slot 1608A 10 8,000 C.T. 100 ma. 4-8-16 2.50 2.75 3.06 2.00 1.69 .203 x .38 2.5 1609A 10 10,000 C.T. 100 ma. 4-8-16 2.50 2.75 3.06 2.00 1.69 .203 x .38 2.5 1615A 15 5,000 C.T. 100 ma. 4-8-16 2.50 3.25 3.06 2.00 2.19 .203 x .38 3.25 1650E 15 8,000 C.T. 100 ma. 4-8-16 2.50 3.25 3.06 2.00 2.50 .203 x .38 3.5 1620A 20 6,600 C.T. -
Yellow Jackets Dimensions Sheet
TUBE CONVERTERS Yellow Jackets® tube converters allow EL84 power tubes to be used in place of the most common guitar amp power tubes including 6L6, EL34, 6V6, 7027, 6550 and 7591. Most Yellow Jackets® screen No provide a substantial output power grid Connection reduction and a “self-bias” Class A 9 1 No EL84 configuration for the EL84 so that no Connection control bias adjustment is required. Yellow 8 2 grid Jackets® are like getting a whole new amp. plate 7 3 cathode + suppressor grid Yellow Jackets® Types No 6 4 Connection 5 filament YJS p. 2 filament YJSHORT p. 3 YJC p. 3 YJ20 p. 4 YJUNI p. 4 1 9 YJ7591 p. 4 YJR p. 5 1 8 screen control grid 4 5 grid plate 3 6 No Connection 2 7 filament filament No 1 8 cathode Connection + suppressor grid 1 Why would I want to convert to EL84's using Yellow Jackets®? Every power tube type offers a different characteristic sound and feel. EL84's have a very tight and focused sound which has become world renown by their use in the British VOX™ AC30 guitar amplifiers. Additionally, most Yellow Jackets® converters will produce a substantial maximum power reduction (50% to 90%) making it easier to find that sweet, warm mix of preamp and power amp distortion at a lower volume. Yellow Jackets also convert the power tube bias to “self-bias” Class A so that no bias adjustment is necessary. You can switch back and forth between EL84's and your amplifier’s original power tubes without rebiasing. -
The Williamson Amplifier of 1947, by P.R. Stinson
1 THE WILLIAMSON AMPLIFIER OF 1947. An account of D.T.N. Williamson's quality audio amplifier design as published in 1947: Background, development, and fortunes. by P. R. Stinson. Author’s revised edition - September 2020. 2 Advertisement Australasian Radio World March 1948 Swales & Swann were prominent Melbourne makers of P.A. & audio equipment. 1951. Advertisement from the W.W. ‘Williamson Amplifier’ booklet.Vortexion Ltd were pre-eminent U.K. makers of very high quality audio compoments. 3 THE WILLIAMSON AMPLIFIER OF 1947. An account of D.T.N. Williamson's quality audio amplifier design as published in 1947: Background, development, and fortunes. by P. R. Stinson. ************************************************************** 1. INTRODUCTION. 2. AMPLIFIER TECHNOLOGY. 1908-1939. 3. D.T.N. WILLIAMSON. 4. THE QUALITY AMPLIFIER. 1944-5. 5. THE POSTWAR AUDIO SCENE. 1945-7. 6. EARLY REACTION TO THE QUALITY AMPLIFIER. 1947-8. 7. THE PROGRESS OF THE WILLIAMSON. 1948-51. 8. THE WILLIAMSON IN AMERICA. 1948-51. 9. THE ULTRALINEAR ERA. 1951. 10. CONCLUSIONS. Postscripts & Appendices. ************************************************************* Author's Preface. I recognise that this paper is a very selective ramble through the history of audio, and an incomplete account of the contribution of D.T.N. Williamson, but I discovered that trying to describe the ‘Williamson’ amplifier out of context was quite difficult, and I suspect, somewhat less interesting than the story which resulted. The quest for high fidelity sound reproduction is a good story and perhaps this paper will encourage more interest in the subject. I hope it will also encourage the rescue and restoration of the surviving Williamson amplifiers. P.R.S. -
Easy Wire Secondary 1608A-1650A Series Push-Pull - HI-FI
9/6/2021 Tube Output (10 - 280 Watts) Easy Wire Secondary (1608A-1650A Series) - Hammond Mfg. Quality Products. Service Excellence. Tube Output (10 - 280 Watts) Easy Wire Secondary 1608A-1650A Series Push-Pull - HI-FI Features NEW & improved version of our 1608-1650 Series multiple secondary output transformers (re-designed secondaries for easy hook-up of secondary loads). Designed for push-pull tube output circuits. Units are designed to provide ample "headroom" at bass frequencies (note the weight of each transformer). All models have a secondary tapped for 4, 8 or 16 ohm outputs. Enclosed (shielded), 4 slot, above chassis Type "X" mounting. Manufactured with plastic coil forms for coil support and insulation. Frequency response 30 Hz. to 30 Khz. at full rated power (+/- 1 db max. - ref. 1 Khz) minimum. Insulated flexible leads 8" min. All units (except the 1650G) include 40% screen taps for Ultra-Linear operation (if desired). Typical applications - Push-Pull: triode, Ultra-Linear pentode, pentode and tetrode connected audio output. The 1650G does NOT have primary screen taps and will not support "Ultra-Linear" applications. Gallery Audio Primary Maximum Secondary Dimensions Watts Impedance DC Impedance E G Weight Part No. (RMS) (Ohms) Per Side (Ohms) A B C D +/- 1/16" Slot (lbs.) 1608A 10 8,000 ct 100 ma. 4-8-16 2.50 2.75 3.06 2.00 1.69 0.20 x 0.38 2.5 1609A 10 10,000 ct 100 ma. 4-8-16 2.50 2.75 3.06 2.00 1.69 0.20 x 0.38 2.5 1615A 15 5,000 ct 100 ma. -
Yjshort Instruction Sheet
Designed by ® Designed by ® Designed by ® Designed by ® Designed by ® Yellow Jackets® Yellow Jackets® Yellow Jackets® Yellow Jackets® Yellow Jackets® Tube Converter Tube Converter Tube Converter Tube Converter Tube Converter YJShort YJShort YJShort YJShort YJShort Includes EL84 Power Tubes Includes EL84 Power Tubes Includes EL84 Power Tubes Includes EL84 Power Tubes Includes EL84 Power Tubes Handmade in the U.S.A. Handmade in the U.S.A. Handmade in the U.S.A. Handmade in the U.S.A. Handmade in the U.S.A. Yellow Jackets® Yellow Jackets® Yellow Jackets® Yellow Jackets® Yellow Jackets® • Converts most audio amplifiers with 6L6s, EL34s, • Converts most audio amplifiers with 6L6s, EL34s, • Converts most audio amplifiers with 6L6s, EL34s, • Converts most audio amplifiers with 6L6s, EL34s, • Converts most audio amplifiers with 6L6s, EL34s, 6550s or 6550s or 6550s or 6550s or 6550s or 6V6s to EL84s without modification or rebiasing. 6V6s to EL84s without modification or rebiasing. 6V6s to EL84s without modification or rebiasing. 6V6s to EL84s without modification or rebiasing. 6V6s to EL84s without modification or rebiasing. • Converts from Class AB to Class A operation! • Converts from Class AB to Class A operation! • Converts from Class AB to Class A operation! • Converts from Class AB to Class A operation! • Converts from Class AB to Class A operation! • Drops output power by 50% to 70%. • Drops output power by 50% to 70%. • Drops output power by 50% to 70%. • Drops output power by 50% to 70%. • Drops output power by 50% to 70%. • Safe for all common amplifiers and transformers. • Safe for all common amplifiers and transformers. -
Why Is It Worth Choosing a Vacuum Tube Amplifier?
Why is it worth choosing a What kinds of tubes are available vacuum tube amplifier? and what are the differences The sound from a tube amplifier provides warmth, between them? dynamics, but above all, it is very natural. The most commonly used vacuum tubes in tube am- If such a presentation of music is being expected, plifiers are the EL34, KT88 and 300b. Some less then the purchase of a vacuum tube based amplifier popular ones are the EL84, ECL86, KT120, 6L6. seems to be the right decision. Each of these are different in terms of power, con- struction, and sound. The commonly used transistor amplifiers are equipped with many corrective treatments, such as loudness, high or low tones correction, so as to What is the expected tube life? warm up their somewhat stiff, edgy and cold audio presentation, as normally delivered by such devic- In some of the best amplifiers, the World’s most du- es. But we must keep in mind that such a modified rable tubes are used. Russian tubes. Their durability presentation never is, and never will be true. It is only is up to 10,000 hours, which is about 9 years, as- by using the mentioned treatments, ‘gimmicks’, that suming that we will be listening to music 3 hours a such equipment can pretend the intrinsic warmth of day, every day, 365 days per year. vacuum tube based equipment. The number as specified by the manufacturer, such as 10000 hours, does not necessarily mean that the tube will fail after such time. This is only a guar- antee of the tube’s emission parameters. -
Antique Electronic Supply Tube Prices 2019
ANTIQUE ELECTRONIC SUPPLY TUBE PRICES 2019 201A - Triode, Low-MU, Globe -Long Pin $54.10 2A3 - Triode, Power Amp, Single Plate - Used $263.85 201A - Triode, Low-MU, Globe - Used $27.05 2A5 - Pentode, Power Amplifier $21.90 0A2/150C2 - Voltage Reg, Diode, Glow $6.90 2A5 - Pentode, Power Amplifier - Used $11.65 0A3/VR75 - Voltage Regr, Diode, Glow $6.90 2A6 - Diode, Dual - Triode $7.90 0B2 - Voltage Reg, Diode, Glow $5.90 2A7 - Pentagrid Converter $9.90 0B3/VR90 - Voltage Regulator $3.90 2C22/7193 - Triode $8.05 0C2 - Voltage Regulator $8.90 2D21/PL21 - Thyratron $6.90 0C3-A/VR105 - Voltage Regulator $6.90 2E5 - Indicator, ST Shape Glass $14.35 0D3-A/VR150 - Voltage Regulator $6.15 2E5 - Indicator, Tubular Glass $14.35 0G3/85A2 - Voltage Regulator $3.30 2E24 - Beam Power Amplifier $8.70 0Z4-A - Rectifier, Full Wave, Gas $3.90 2E26 - Pentode, Beam $6.90 1A5GT - Pentode, Power Amplifier $4.90 2X2A/2Y2_879 - Rectifier $2.66 1A7GT - Pentagrid Converter $4.90 3A4 - Pentode, Power Amplifier $5.90 1AD4 - Pentode $4.45 3A5/DCC90 - Triode, Dual $5.90 1C5GT - Pentode, Power Amplifier $3.65 3AV6 - Diode, Dual - Triode $3.55 1G4GT - Triode, Medium MU $14.90 3B28 - Rectifier, Half Wave $29.00 1H4G - Triode, Medium MU $15.90 3C24/24G - Triode $19.90 1H5GT-G - Diode - Triode, High MU $3.90 3Q4 - Pentode, Power $5.90 1H6G - Diode, Dual - Triode $2.85 3Q5GT - Pentode, Beam Power $4.90 1J6G - Triode, Dual, Power Amplifier $7.55 3S4 - Tetrode, Beam Power $4.90 1L4/DF92 - Pentode $2.67 3V4/DL94 - Pentode, Power $8.90 1L6 - Heptode $99.90 4-125A/4D21 - Tetrode, -
The BASICS INSIDE a TUBE
The BASICS Back in 1904, British scientist John Ambrose Fleming first showed his device to convert an alternating current signal into direct current. The "Fleming diode" was based on an effect that Thomas Edison had first discovered in 1880, and had not put to useful work at the time. This diode essentially consisted of an incandescent light bulb with an extra electrode inside. When the bulb's filament is heated white-hot, electrons are boiled off its surface and into the vacuum inside the bulb. If the extra electrode (also called an "plate" or "anode") is made more positive than the hot filament, a direct current flows through the vacuum. And since the extra electrode is cold and the filament is hot, this current can only flow from the filament to the electrode, not the other way. So, AC signals can be converted into DC. Fleming's diode was first used as a sensitive detector of the weak signals produced by the new wireless telegraph. Later (and to this day), the diode vacuum tube was used to convert AC into DC in power supplies for electronic equipment. Many other inventors tried to improve the Fleming diode, most without success. The only one who succeeded was New York inventor Lee de Forest. In 1907 he patented a bulb with the same contents as the Fleming diode, except for an added electrode. This "grid" was a bent wire between the plate and filament. de Forest discovered that if he applied the signal from the wireless-telegraph antenna to the grid instead of the filament, he could obtain a much more sensitive detector of the signal.