DOCSLIB.ORG

Middle and Late Miocene Terrestrial Vertebrate Localities And

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Middle and Late Miocene Terrestrial Vertebrate Localities And ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Beiträge zur Paläontologie Jahr/Year: 2006 Band/Volume: 30 Autor(en)/Author(s): Nargolwalla Mariam C., Hutchison Matt P., Begun David R. Artikel/Article: Middle and Late Miocene Terrestrial Vertebrate Localities and Paleoenvironments in the Pannonian Basin 347-360 ©Verein zur Förderung der Paläontologie am Institut für Paläontologie, Geozentrum Wien Beitr. Paläont., 30:347-360, Wien 2006 Middle and Late Miocene Terrestrial Vertebrate Localities and Paleoenvironments in the Pannonian Basin by Mariam C. N a r g o l w a l l a *),Matt P. H u t c h is o n & David R. B e g u n Nargolwalla , M.C., H utchison , M.P. & Begun , D.R., 2006. Middle and Late Miocene Terrestrial Vertebrate Localities and Paleoenvironments in the Pannonian Basin. — Beitr. Palaont., 30:347-360, Wien. Abstract Crisis,’ in addition to the paleoenvironmental evidence for the location and timing of potential corridors for The Pannonian Basin, surrounded by the Carpathians, faunal interchange. Alps and Dinarides, has long been known as a sedimen­ tary catchment area rich in information on the environ­ Key words: Miocene, Pannonian Basin, Lake Pannon, fos­ mental and biological evolution of Central Europe in the sil, vertebrate, paleoenvironment, paleogeography Miocene. We present here the results of an integrative study using GIS to synthesize the findings from our last three years of survey and excavation of new terrestrial Kurzfassung vertebrate fossil localities of Miocene age, together with the most recent paleogeographic reconstructions of the Das Pannonische Becken, umgeben von den Karpaten, region and published faunal and environmental data, Alpen und Dinariden, ist schon lange bekannt für seinen with the purpose of presenting a revised, comprehensive Sedimentreichtum und für seine Informationen bezüglich history of the paleogeography and paleobiogeography der Umweltentwicklung und der biologischen Evolution of the Pannonian Basin. We also present a preliminary in Zentraleuropa im Miozän. Wir präsentieren hier die description of changes in faunal diversity over time in Resultate einer integrativen Studie, die unter Verwendung response to paleoenvironmental fluctuations. von GIS die miozänen terrestrischen Funde aus Auf­ Our results indicate that between the late Sarmatian sammlungen und Grabungen der letzte drei Jahre zusam­ (12 Ma) and early to mid Pannonian (9.5 Ma), terrestrial menfasst, mit der Absicht eine revidierte, verständliche localities are confined to the margins of the basin system Geschichte der Paläogeo- und Paläobiogeographie des and areas of high topographic relief due to a gradual Pannonischen Beckens zu präsentieren. Weiters stellen transgression and associated increase in areal extent of wir eine vorläufige Beschreibung der Veränderung der Lake Pannon. Following the dramatic contraction of Faunendiversität im Zusammenhang mit den paläoöko- the lake in the Late Miocene between 9.5 and 9.0 Ma, logischen Fluktuationen vor. the fossil localities migrate towards the basin interior; Unsere Ergebnisse lassen vermuten, dass zwischen dem possibly indicating faunal tracking of brackish to fresh­ Obersarmat (12 Mill.) und dem frühen bis mittleren Pan­ water lake shoreline habitats. The large mammal faunas non (9,5 Mill.), terrestrische Lokalitäten auf den Rand known from the Pannonian Basin are well represented des Beckensystems und auf Gebiete mit einem höheren in the more northerly regions of the basin system. In­ topographischen Relief, wegen einer graduellen Trans- complete sampling of faunas underestimates generic gression und damit verbunden Ausbreitung des panno­ diversity during MN 7/8, MN 10 and MN 12. Faunal nischen Sees, beschränkt waren. Nach dem dramatischen diversity appears to decline after MN 9; however this is Verkleinern des Sees im oberen Miozän, (9,5 bis 9 Mill.) significantly influenced by a corresponding decrease in verlagerten sich die Fossillokalitäten Richtung Becke­ the number of localities during these temporal intervals. ninneren. Damit kann man möglicherweise den Wechsel We discuss the clearly documented faunal turnover in the von brackischen zu limnischen Uferhabitaten verfolgen. Pannonian Basin that occurs at the time of the ‘Vallesian Die aus dem Pannonischen Becken stammenden Groß­ säugerfaunen sind eher aus der nördlichen Region des Beckens bekannt. Unvollständige Aufsammlungen der Corresponding Author: Mariam C. Nargolwalla , De­ Faunen führen zu einer Unterschätzung der Diversität in partment of Anthropology, University of Toronto, 100 St. MN 7/8, MN10 und MN12. Die Diversität scheint in MN9 George Street, Toronto ON. M5S 3G3, Canada; e-mail: abzunehmen, allerdings geht dies mit einem Rückgang in [email protected]*, [email protected] , der Zahl der Lokalitäten in diesem Zeitintervall einher. [email protected] Wir diskutieren den deutlich dokumentierten „faunal ©Verein zur Förderung der Paläontologie am Institut für Paläontologie, Geozentrum Wien 348 Beitr. Paläont., 30, Wien, 2006 turnover“ in der vallesischen Krise, zusammen mit den sent a transgressive-regressive cycle (i.e., Eggenburgian, paläoökologischen Belegen für die Lokalitäten und po­ Ottnangian, Karpatian, lower Badenian and upper Bad- tentiellen Korridoren für einen Faunenaustausch. enian/Sarmatian). Following the isolation of Lake Pannon from the Paratethys due to the final uplift of the East Carpathians and/or regression during the Upper Badenian 1. Introduction to Sarmatian (between approximately 14 and 12 Ma), the lake then experienced a gradual transgressive phase Located within the Alpine mountain belt of Central (until 9.5 Ma) followed by a terminal regression during Europe, the Pannonian Basin is almost completely en­ the Late Miocene (M agyar et al., 1999). Complete infill­ circled by the Southern and Eastern Alps to the west, the ing of the Pannonian Basin system due to post-rift delta Carpathian arc to the north, east and southeast and the progradation began in the northwesterly Vienna Basin, Dinarides to the south. The Pannonian Basin is generally and proceeded southeasterly during the Late Miocene considered to be a Middle Miocene Mediterranean back- and Pliocene, with the deep basins of the Pannonian being arc extensional basin (H orväth , 1988), composed of a formed more basinward during the transgression than the series of smaller, deep sub-basins (including the Vienna, Sarmatian basins (M agyar et al., 1999). A wide variety Danube and Transylvanian Basins, Fig. 1) separated by of sedimentary environments were established at the lake relatively shallow basement blocks. The formation of margins, consisting of shallow lacustrine, swamp and the isolated Lake Pannon occurred at approximately 12 fluvial sandstone, mudstone and lignite facies. Ma, and by 2.4 Ma, the Pannonian Basin was completely During this period of intense tectonic activity in the Mi­ filled with terrestrial sediments covering an area of ap­ ocene, the Pannonian Basin also experienced significant proximately 250,000 km2 across central Europe (Kazmer , biotic change. Mammalian taxonomic diversity was high 1990). but fluctuated during the Middle and Late Miocene. Pri­ Diachronous Neogene sedimentation in the Pannonian mates are especially diverse compared to other regions. Basin occurred during the final stages of thrusting and Hominoid, pliopithecoid and cercopithecoid primates folding in the outer parts of the Carpathians (R oyden known from the Pannonian Basin include Griphopithecus & H orvath , 1988). Clastic supply was derived from the darwini, Pliopithecus platyodon, Pliopithecus antiquus, uplifting Alps and Carpathians, with southerly sediment Pliopithecus sp., Crouzelidae indet., Epipliopithecus transport occurring from the north, west and east towards vindobonensis, Dryopithecus fontani and Dryopithecus the centre of the Pannonian Basin (K azmer , 1990). Berczi brancoi, Anapithecus hernyaki and Anapithecus sp., et al.’s (1988) study of Neogene sedimentation in Hungary Mesopithecus pentelicus, and Dolichopithecus and concluded that the five basal Miocene stages each repre­ Macaca in the Pliocene (see B egun et al., 2006). ©Verein zur Förderung der Paläontologie am Institut für Paläontologie, Geozentrum Wien Nargolwalla , M.C. et al., Middle and Late Miocene Terrestrial Vertebrate Localities ... 349 Figure 2: Total distribution of our sample of Middle and Late Miocene terrestrial vertebrate localities in the Pannonian Basin. Num­ bers represent localities listed in Appendix 1. Our localities are concentrated in Austria and Hungary, but also occur less frequently and in significantly lower numbers in the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Croatia, Romania, Serbia and Bosnia. We present here the results of an integrative study, pro­ cavated localities (ie., Felsotarkany, Hungary; Subpiatra, viding a detailed and up-to-date paleogeographic and Romania) are available from the NOW Database. paleobiogeographic history of the Pannonian Basin. We New and previously known localities were plotted accord­ have surveyed and excavated new and previously studied ing to their geographic coordinates (Appendix 1), using localities in Hungary, Romania and Croatia for the past ArcGIS 9.1 (ESRI 2005) to create distributions per MN three years (2003-2005). Our primary focus involves zone map layers of our total locality sample. These lay­ combining new and previously published paleontological ers were added to a world topographic
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Chapter 1 - Introduction
    EURASIAN MIDDLE AND LATE MIOCENE HOMINOID PALEOBIOGEOGRAPHY AND THE GEOGRAPHIC ORIGINS OF THE HOMININAE by Mariam C. Nargolwalla A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Graduate Department of Anthropology University of Toronto © Copyright by M. Nargolwalla (2009) Eurasian Middle and Late Miocene Hominoid Paleobiogeography and the Geographic Origins of the Homininae Mariam C. Nargolwalla Doctor of Philosophy Department of Anthropology University of Toronto 2009 Abstract The origin and diversification of great apes and humans is among the most researched and debated series of events in the evolutionary history of the Primates. A fundamental part of understanding these events involves reconstructing paleoenvironmental and paleogeographic patterns in the Eurasian Miocene; a time period and geographic expanse rich in evidence of lineage origins and dispersals of numerous mammalian lineages, including apes. Traditionally, the geographic origin of the African ape and human lineage is considered to have occurred in Africa, however, an alternative hypothesis favouring a Eurasian origin has been proposed. This hypothesis suggests that that after an initial dispersal from Africa to Eurasia at ~17Ma and subsequent radiation from Spain to China, fossil apes disperse back to Africa at least once and found the African ape and human lineage in the late Miocene. The purpose of this study is to test the Eurasian origin hypothesis through the analysis of spatial and temporal patterns of distribution, in situ evolution, interprovincial and intercontinental dispersals of Eurasian terrestrial mammals in response to environmental factors. Using the NOW and Paleobiology databases, together with data collected through survey and excavation of middle and late Miocene vertebrate localities in Hungary and Romania, taphonomic bias and sampling completeness of Eurasian faunas are assessed.
    [Show full text]
  • The Evolution of Neogene Terrestrial Ecosystems in Europe Edited by Jorge Agusti, Lorenzo Rook and Peter Andrews Index More Information
    Cambridge University Press 0521640970 - The Evolution of Neogene Terrestrial Ecosystems in Europe Edited by Jorge Agusti, Lorenzo Rook and Peter Andrews Index More information Index Abies, 382, 383 Albanensia grimmi, 157, 158 Abruzzi-Apulia palaeobioprovince, 191–3, Albanohyus, 403 197 Albanohyus pygmaeus, 119 Aceraceae, 184 Alcelaphini, 444 Aceratherium, 217, 221, 223 algal symbionts, 282–3, 311, 315 Aceratherium incivisum, 167, 170 Alicornops alfambrense, 119, 173 Aceratherium kiliasi, 212 Alicornops simorrense, 114, 119 Aceritherium incisivum, 119 Alilepus, 145, 198–9 Aceritherium tetradactylum, 119 Allohyaena kadici, 173 Acerorhinus, 253, 261 Allosoricinae, 392, 394 Acteocemas, 96, 98 Allospalax, 152 Adcrocuta, 104, 114, 209, 212 alluvial sediments Adcrocuta eximia, 118, 167, 173, 209, 211, NE Spain, 398–9 214, 215, 218, 220, 222, 230, 449 Sinap, 243–7 Aden, Gulf of, Pliocene tephra correlation, Tuscany, 365–8 24, 31, 31–51 Alpine foredeep, 13, 15 Aegean, rodent faunas, 17 altitudinal position, 89–90 aeolian deposits, Upper Valdarno basin, altitudinal trees, 379, 383 363–5 Altomiramys,96 Aepycerotini, 444 Alveolinella, 291 Afghanistan, Miocene primate taxa, 458 Amblycoptus, 267, 268, 270, 393 Africa American mammal immigration to Europe climate, 62–4 9, 13, 17, 446;, see also Bering climate/vegetation relationship, 64–8, landbridge 290, 292 American shrews, 392, 393, 394–5 correspondence analysis, recent faunas, Ammonia, 291 419–29 Amphechinus, 265 palaeoenvironment reconstruction, 290, amphibians, Italy, 191 292 Amphicyon, 14, 103
    [Show full text]
  • Leeds Thesis Template
    Middle to Late Miocene terrestrial biota and climate by Matthew James Pound M.Sci., Geology (University of Bristol) Submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Leeds School of Earth and Environment September 2012 - 2 - Declaration of Authorship The candidate confirms that the work submitted is his/her own, except where work which has formed part of jointly-authored publications has been included. The contribution of the candidate and the other authors to this work has been explicitly indicated below. The candidate confirms that appropriate credit has been given within the thesis where reference has been made to the work of others. Chapter 2 has been published as: Pound, M.J., Riding, J.B., Donders, T.H., Daskova, J. 2012 The palynostratigraphy of the Brassington Formation (Upper Miocene) of the southern Pennines, central England. Palynology 36, 26-37. Chapter 3 has been published as: Pound, M.J., Haywood, A.M., Salzmann, U., Riding, J.B. 2012. Global vegetation dynamics and latitudinal temperature gradients during the mid to Late Miocene (15.97 - 5.33 Ma). Earth Science Reviews 112, 1-22. Chapter 4 has been published as: Pound, M.J., Haywood, A.M., Salzmann, U., Riding, J.B., Lunt, D.J. and Hunter, S.J. 2011. A Tortonian (Late Miocene 11.61-7.25Ma) global vegetation reconstruction. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 300, 29-45. This copy has been supplied on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from the thesis may be published without proper acknowledgement. © 2012, The University of Leeds, British Geological Survey and Matthew J.
    [Show full text]
  • Palaeontological Highlights of Austria
    © Österreichische Geologische Gesellschaft/Austria; download unter www.geol-ges.at/ und www.biologiezentrum.at Mitt. Österr. Geol. Ges. ISSN 0251-7493 92 (1999) 195-233 Wien, Juli 2000 Palaeontological Highlights of Austria WERNER E. PILLER1, GUDRUN DAXNER-HÖCK2, DARYL P DOMNING3, HOLGER C. FORKE4, MATHIAS HARZHAUSER2, BERNHARD HUBMANN1, HEINZ A. KOLLMANN2, JOHANNA KOVAR-EDER2, LEOPOLD KRYSTYN5, DORIS NAGEL5, PETER PERVESLER5, GERNOT RABEDER5, REINHARD ROETZEL6, DIETHARD SANDERS7, HERBERT SUMMESBERGER2 28 Figures and 1 Table Introduction Besides Zeapora gracilis, distinguished by large rounded cortical filaments, Pseudolitanaia graecensis and Pseu­ The oldest known fossils in Austria date back into the dopalaeoporella lummatonensis occur (Fig. 3). Pseudolitan­ Ordovician. From this time on a broadly continuous fossil aia graecensis is built up of straight thalli containing club- record is preserved up to the Holocene. Since an encyclo­ shaped filaments and Pseudopalaeoporella lummatonensis paedic or monographic presentation is impossible within is characterized by a typically poorly-calcified medullar this volume, nine case studies of different stratigraphic lev­ zone and delicate cortical filaments. els (Fig. 1) were selected to call attention to this remarkably There are two localities known with autochthonous algal good fossil documentation. These case studies include occurrences in the Graz Palaeozoic. One is characterized records on invertebrate fossils from several time slices from by Pseudopalaeoporella lummatonensis with dispersed the Late Palaeozoic to the Miocene, as well as on verte­ thalli of Pseudolitanaia. Contrary to all expectations, these brates from the Miocene and Pleistocene and on plant algae are found in marly lithologies suggesting very bad fossils from the Devonian and Early Miocene. This selection environmental conditions for photoautotrophic organisms.
    [Show full text]
  • A New Genus of Pliopithecoid from the Late Early Miocene of China and Its Implications for Understanding the Paleozoogeography of the Pliopithecoidea
    Journal of Human Evolution 145 (2020) 102838 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Human Evolution journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jhevol A new genus of pliopithecoid from the late Early Miocene of China and its implications for understanding the paleozoogeography of the Pliopithecoidea * Terry Harrison a, Yingqi Zhang b, c, , Guangbiao Wei d, Chengkai Sun e, Yuan Wang b, c, Jinyi Liu b, c, Haowen Tong b, c, Baiting Huang f,FanXuf a Center for the Study of Human Origins, Department of Anthropology, New York University, New York, NY, 10003, USA b Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China c CAS Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China d Chongqing Institute of Geological Survey, Chongqing, 401122, People's Republic of China e Division of Natural History, Shandong Museum, Jinan, 250014, People's Republic of China f Cultural Heritage Administration of Fanchang County, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, Wuhu, 241200, People's Republic of China article info abstract Article history: A diversity of pliopithecoids is known from Miocene localities in Europe, but until recently, this group Received 20 March 2020 was relatively poorly represented in China. However, new discoveries have shown that Chinese pliopi- Accepted 26 May 2020 thecoids were taxonomically diverse and geographically widespread. The earliest pliopithecoids in China Available online 10 July 2020 (and Eurasia) are Dionysopithecus and Platodontopithecus from the Early Miocene of Sihong, Jiangsu (~19À18 Ma). During the Middle Miocene (~15À12 Ma), several species of pliopithecoids are recorded at Keywords: localities in Gansu Province (Laogou), Inner Mongolia (Damiao), Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Pliopithecid (Tieersihabahe), and Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (Tongxin).
    [Show full text]
  • Eppelsheim 2000 - New Discoveries at a Classic Locality
    Jens Lorenz Franzen1, Oldrich Fejfar2, Gerhard Storch1 & Volker Wilde1 1 Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg, Frankfurt am Main 2 Charles University, Prague Eppelsheim 2000 - new discoveries at a classic locality Franzen, J. L., Fejfar, O., Storch, G. & Wilde, V., 2003- Eppelsheim 2000 – new discoveries at a classic locality - in: Reumer, J.W.F. & Wessels, W. (eds.) - DISTRIBUTION AND MIGRATION OF TERTIARY MAMMALS IN EURASIA. A VOLUME IN HONOUR OF HANS DE BRUIJN - DEINSEA 10: 217- 234 [ISSN 0923-9308] Published 1 December 2003 First scientific excavations at the classic mammal locality of Eppelsheim carried out by the Senckenberg Research Institute during the years 1996 - 2000 are described (Senckenberg research project no. 150: Franzen & Storch). They resulted in the discovery of the first flora and determi- nable micromammals (Talpa vallesensis, Plesiosorex aff. schaffneri, Crusafontina sp.) as well as a phalange of a large hominoid (cf. Dryopithecus sp.) from that locality. The excavations also deli- vered new aspects for understanding the early formation of the Rhine river system. Erste wissenschaftliche Ausgrabungen an der klassischen Säugetierfundstelle Eppelsheim durch das Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg (Senckenberg-Forschungsprojekt Nr. 150: Franzen & Storch) führten in den Jahren 1996 - 2000 zur Entdeckung der ersten Flora und bestimmbaren Kleinsäuger (Talpa vallesensis, Plesiosorex, Crusafontina sp.) sowie der Phalanx eines großen Hominoiden (cf. Dryopithecus sp.) an dieser Lokalität. Darüber hinaus ergaben die Grabungen neue Aspekte hin- sichtlich der Entstehung des rheinischen Flußsystems. Correspondence: J. L. Franzen, Jakobistr. 10, D-79822 Titisee-Neustadt, Germany, e-mail: jlfran- [email protected]; O. Fejfar, Department of Palaeontology, Charles University, Albertov 6, CZ-128 43 Praha 2, Czech Republic, e-mail: [email protected]; G.
    [Show full text]
  • Stable Isotope and Trace Element Paleoecology of the Rudabánya II Fauna: Paleoenvironmental Implications for the Late Miocene Hominoid, Rudapithecus Hungaricus
    Stable Isotope and Trace Element Paleoecology of the Rudabánya II Fauna: Paleoenvironmental Implications for the Late Miocene Hominoid, Rudapithecus hungaricus by Laura Campbell Eastham A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Graduate Department of Anthropology University of Toronto © Copyright by Laura C. Eastham 2017 Stable Isotope and Trace Element Paleoecology of the Rudabánya II Fauna: Paleoenvironmental Implications for the Late Miocene Hominoid, Rudapithecus hungaricus Laura C. Eastham Doctor of Philosophy Graduate Department of Anthropology University of Toronto 2017 Abstract The Late Miocene extinction of great apes in Europe has generally been regarded as the consequence of environmental changes that occurred in correlation with global Late Miocene cooling. However, given the range of dietary and locomotor adaptations observed among the different hominoid genera it is unlikely that the same environmental factors can account for the decline of the entire group. To better understand the factors that influenced the extinction of European Miocene apes it is necessary to evaluate their paleoecology on a regional scale. This research utilizes stable carbon and oxygen isotope (δ13C and δ18O) and strontium/calcium (Sr/Ca) trace element ratios measured in fossil ungulate tooth enamel to reconstruct the paleoecology and paleoclimate of Rudabánya II (R. II), an early Late Miocene (~10 Ma) hominoid locality in northeastern Hungary. The fossiliferous deposits at R. II preserve abundant samples of the extinct great ape Rudapithecus hungaricus. Primary aims of this research include: 1) evaluating the types of habitats present in terms of forest canopy cover, 2) examining trophic niche dynamics among the diverse ungulate community, and 3) estimating key climatic variables including mean annual temperature (MAT), mean annual precipitation (MAP), and degree of seasonality.
    [Show full text]
  • Miocene Primates from Austria Crustaceans (BACHMAYER & TOLLMANN 1953)
    Palaeontological Highlights of Austria 225 common, as well as large shark remains (Fig. 25) and Miocene Primates from Austria crustaceans (BACHMAYER & TOLLMANN 1953). (GUDRUN DAXNER-HÖCK) An exceptional "Fossillagerstätte" occurs at St. Marga- rethen in Burgenland (Fig. 22), where an excellently pre­ Catarrhine primates came from Africa and appeared for served fish fauna occurs (SCHULTZ 1993, CHANET & SCHULTZ the first time in Europe at the end of the Early Miocene. They 1994) in fine-grained, partly laminated, marly limestones. had a wide distribution across Western and Central Europe Besides scorpenids (Fig. 25), the oldest known parrot fish is and Southwest Asia during the Middle and Late Miocene. also recorded from here (BELLWOOD & SCHULTZ 1991). The In Austria their existence has been demonstrated in the depositional environment was recently interpreted as very Molasse Zone in Upper and Lower Austria, as well as from shallow marine, partly representing a flooded intertidal flat the Vienna basin northeast and southeast of Vienna, and in (PILLER et al. 1996). the "Lavanttal" (Carinthia) and Aflenz Basin (Styria), which Miocene Primate localities (J) Göriach (jj) Trimmelkam (3) Götzendorf (4) Klein Hadersdorf (5) St. Stefan Mariathal Neudorf a M Geological map of Austria Cenozoic Sediments 100 km I 1 | Calcareous Alps Metamorphics Schiefeitiülle Bohemian Massif, Zentralgneise Fig. 26 Geographical position of Miocene primate localities from Austria and Slovakia. ha Table 1 Ol Basic data on Miocene Primates from Austria. Miocene Primates from Austria age locality lithology figure collection main references: ANDREWS et al. 1996 Pliopithecidae and ZAPFE 1969 rn Pliopithecinae "tj Pliopithecus platyodon BIEDERMANN 1863 Badenian Goriach, Styria lignite fig.
    [Show full text]
  • Slides/Poster (Pdf)
    A morphometric analysis of pliopithecoid maxillary molar cusp peripheralization Andrew C. Holmes, Jacqueline Garnett, David R. Begun Department of Anthropology, The University of Toronto Introduction Results The Pliopithecoidea is a superfamily of catarrhine primates known from Miocene fossil sites across Eurasia from 18-8 Ma. The most well known and best documented pliopithecoid A B clades are the Pliopithecidae and the Crouzelidae. Despite extensive study, most diagnostic features used to differentiate these groups have remained qualitative.1,2,3,4 This analysis uses geometric measurements to quantify upper molar cusp peripheralization. Our results confirm previous qualitative descriptions and show that crouzeliids have more peripheralized upper molar cusps compared with pliopithecids. We conclude that increased upper molar cusp peripheralization is a derived trait unique to the Crouzeliidae. Materials M1 and M2 were selected because they provide a comprehensive comparative sample of pliopithecoid upper dentition and are known to be phylogenetically informative (M1 n=28, M2 n=30)5 . Pliopithecidae Crouzeliidae Outgroup Pliopithecidae Crouzeliidae Outgroup Figure 3. ROPA measurements for M1 (A) and M2 (B). 2 A B Table 2. M angle Mann-Whitney U results M2 (Angle A) Pliopithecidae Crouzeliidae Crouzeliidae 0.86 Crouzeliidae Outgroup 0.05 0.09 M2 (Angle B) Pliopithecidae Crouzeliidae Crouzeliidae Crouzeliidae 0.42 a b Pliopithecidae Outgroup Outgroup 0.82 0.61 M2 (Angle C) Pliopithecidae Crouzeliidae 2 Figure 1. M a) Pliopithecus platyodon (Göriach 1453) b) Anapithecus hernyaki (SMNS 6089) Pliopithecidae Crouzeliidae 0.04 Our sample represents seven species currently assigned to three pliopithecoid clades: Outgroup Outgroup 0.08 0.004 Crouzeliidae, Pliopithecidae, and Dionysopithecidae (Table 1).
    [Show full text]
  • Primate Diversity in the Pannonian Basin
    ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Beiträge zur Paläontologie Jahr/Year: 2006 Band/Volume: 30 Autor(en)/Author(s): Begun David R., Nargolwalla Mariam C., Hutchison Matt P. Artikel/Article: Primate Diversity in the Pannonian Basin: In situ evolution, 43disperals, or both? 43-56 ©Verein zur Förderung der Paläontologie am Institut für Paläontologie, Geozentrum Wien Beitr. Paläont., 30:43-56, Wien 2006 Primate Diversity in the Pannonian Basin: In situ evolution, disperals, or both? by David R. B egun 5*0, Mariam C. N argolwalla & Matt P. H utchison Begun , D.R., Nargolwalla , M.C. & H utchison , M.P., 2006. Primate Diversity in the Pannonian Basin: In situ evolution, disperals, or both? — Beitr. Palaont., 30:43-56, Wien. Abstract Genera und 11 Arten kennt man aus den Fundstellen des Pannonischen Beckens, deren stratigraphische Reichweite Middle and Late Miocene deposits in the Pannonian Ba­ vom MN 6 bis MN 13 reicht. Diese hohe Diversität einer sin contain the greatest diversity of primate taxa of any Unterordnung der Säugetiere kann sich mit der anderer comparably defined geological region in Europe. Three Großsäuger messen und zeugt vom Erfolg dieses Taxons in catarrhine superfamilies, five families, six genera and der hier besprochenen Region. Weltweit betrachtet, liegen eleven species are known from MN 6 to MN 13 localities einige der reichsten Miozän-Fundstellen für Primaten in the basin. This level of diversity within a mammalian sowohl im Hinblick auf Artenzahl als auch auf Komplett­ infraorder rivals that in most other large mammals from heit der Fundstücke im Pannonischen Becken (Göriach, the basin, and testifies to the success of this taxon in the Devinskä Nova Ves, and Rudabänya).
    [Show full text]
  • Meeting Supplement 2006
    56 AAPA Abstracts Abstracts of AAPA Poster and Podium Presentations Mitochondrial DNA analysis of the to the other South African Plio-Pleistocene volume (GM, WM) in 25 right-handers (14 Jomon and Epi-Jomon individuals in karstic deposits, GD 2 contrasts these F, 11 M, avg. age 28.5) and 23 left- Hokkaido, Japan. other contemporaneous assemblages in its handers (15 F, 8 M, avg. age 36.2). Hand lack of recovered hominin and other pri- knobs were manually traced on contiguous N. Adachi1, K. Shinoda2, K. Umetsu3, Y. mate specimens. Recent comprehensive axial slices (1mm thick), after identifica- Dodo1. 1Department of Anatomy and An- reanalysis of the GD 2 assemblage has tion of landmarks following Yousry et al. thropology, Tohoku University School of considered taphonomic aspects of the en- Volumes of the frontal lobes and precen- Medicine, 2Department of Anthropology, tire sample. Faunal representation, tral gyrus were also determined. National Science Museum, Tokyo, skeletal element abundance and patterns Asymmetry scores indicate that WM 3Department of Experimental and Foren- of pre- and post-depositional modification volume in males and females regardless of sic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Yama- to remains in the GD 2 assemblage con- handedness is strongly rightwardly gata University. firm aspects of the original taphonomic asymmetric. In males only (either hand- reconstruction. When combined with edness), GM volume is also larger on the From the morphological point of view, geological data on the original cave sys- right. Preliminary results of the precen- prehistoric populations in Hokkaido are tem, it appears that the GD 2 deposits tral gyrus indicate that that structure is considered to have been least influenced were accumulated over a rapid period of symmetric in right-handers, thus right- by Yayoi immigrants.
    [Show full text]
  • Taphonomic Analysis of a Fossil Hominid Site from Hungary
    Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 297 (2010) 311–329 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/palaeo Rudabànya: Taphonomic analysis of a fossil hominid site from Hungary Peter Andrews a,⁎, David Cameron b a Natural History Museum, London SW7 5BD, United Kingdom b School of Archaeology and Anthropology (Faculties), Australian National University, ACT Australia article info abstract Article history: The late Miocene deposits at Rudabànya, Hungary, were laid down in a shallow valley sloping westwards Received 20 June 2009 from a range of hills and opening out into the Pannonian Lake. Rise and fall of lake level gave rise to varying Received in revised form 16 August 2010 conditions, from dry land with soil formation to swamp and lake. The stratigraphic and palaeontological Accepted 17 August 2010 succession has been investigated at one of the sites, Rudabànya 2, where two cycles of deposition and Available online 26 August 2010 erosion are represented, with soil formation, swamp conditions with lignite formation, and periods of extended high lake level succeeding each other. Both mammal and plant fossils are present at several levels. Keywords: fi Stratigraphy Taphonomic modi cations in the Rudabànya 2 vertebrate faunas include losses of skeletal elements through Palaeontology carnivore selection, fluvial sorting at some levels, and post-depositional destruction by leaching and/or acid Palaeoecology soils. The lowest level, the lower lignite, has few fossils. The fossil mammals from the level above, the grey Hominid evolution marl, are the least modified but they are mixed with abraded, probably allochthonous, bone fragments and Dryopithecus more complete specimens resulting from near-lake deaths.
    [Show full text]