A CLASSIFIED BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE HISTORY OF DUTCH MEDICINE

1900- 1974 NICOLAI PARADYS

II. D. IIBDICINA£ IN ,ACADIUIlA LUt;DUNO·/JAT"~" pII.OF8SS0Jl.lS ORDINAR.lI ORATIO

D E

COGNITIONE HISTORIAE MF.DICINAE MAGNO, CUM AD MEDICI IN ARTE EXERCENDA SOLER TlAM. TUM AD ARTIS AMPLIFI CATIO• NEM, ADJUMENTO.

PUBLICE HABITA

A. D. xun. S E P T B bI B R. 1 S N Dec C.

Q,UUAI

ORDlNARIAM IllSTORIAE MEDICINAE PR.o. F EoSSlON E.1l .'IU SP Ie d REl'U R..

~~--.... -----~---~.... --~,

LUGDUNl B.1TAi'OR U,M, "('UD HAAK liT SOCIOS, MDCCC.

Title-page of Nic. Paradijs Oralio de cognitione hisloriae medicinae (1800) A CLASSIFIED BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE HISTORY OF DUTCH MEDICINE 1900-1974

compiled and arranged

by

Dr G. A. LINDEBOOM F.R.C.P.

EMERITUS PROFESSOR OF MEDICINE IN THE FREE UNIVERSITY AT

with the assistance of Miss A. A. G. HAM

THE• HAGUE MARTINUS NIJHOFF 1975 Published with financial support from the Organization for the Advancement of Pure Research (Z.W.O.)

© 1975 by Martinus NijhojJ, , Netherlands Softcover reprint ofthe hardcover 1st edition 1975 All rights reserved, including the right to translate or to reproduce this book or parts therof in any form

ISBN 978-94-011-8153-2 ISBN 978-94-011-8780-0 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-94-011-8780-0 Preface and Introduction

I. In some periods of the past Netherlands medicine has played a major role in the evolution of European medicine; today its history still enjoys much in• terest even at the other side of the Ocean. In this bibliography it has been my endeavour to compile references for all that has been written on the history of Dutch medicine in our and elsewhere in our age. The main concern of this work is with the medicine of the Northern Nether• lands. However, before the end of the sixteenth century the Northern and South• ern Netherlands were not yet divided into two separate ; they were still politically one and for the greater part spoke the same Flemish language. So be• fore their separation the present-day and Netherlands also had a com• mon medical history. Therefore many entries have been included which bear on early (and sometimes later) Flemish medicine, but it has not been the inten• tion to strive for completeness in this respect.

2. It was difficult to explain in the title of this bibliography that it has further been the endeavour to collect not only references on Dutch medicine, but also data on all articles and books bearing on medical historical topics written by Netherlands authors, in order to represent all the medical historical work done in the Netherlands. In this way the present volume covers a far greater field than just the medical past of as described by Netherlands and foreign writers, for it also contains a not too small selection of the medical history of other countries as seen through the eyes of Dutch medical historians.

3. The studies whose titles are compiled in this volume appeared in the period between the year 1900 and December 31, 1974. However, the early limit has not always been strictly kept to. "Jede Konsequenz fiihrt zum Teufel." In the nine• teenth century, especially its second half, several valuable studies have been published that are still indispensable for the study of one or another subject. For example, because a modern biography of the famous Frederik Ruysch is not available, it was felt that the one of 1886, though in some respects out of VI PREFACE AND INTRODUCTION date, should be included. Likewise a nineteenth century series of articles on the Medical Faculty, written by G. C. B. Suringar, stilI being a rich and well documented source of information, could not be omitted.

4. Naturally the great majority of publications on Netherlands, medicine have been written in the native language, with which most English-speaking historians are not familiar. As the least that could be done, all Dutch titles of books and articles have been given an English translation in parentheses. Titles in another modern language or in Latin have not been translated. Moreover, it should be noted that a considerable part of the references for particular topics of the Dutch medical past have been published in periodicals with only a regional, local or otherwise restricted distribution. Such items often are only available in the Netherlands and even there not without much trouble. Yet they were included as many of them offer archivistic or other data not to be found elsewhere.

5. This systematic bibliography has not the claim to be a "dictionnaire raison• ne". However, in many cases, especially when a title was not very clear or even cryptic, a short note gives some information about the content. Authors having the bad habit of choosing such titles are not aware of the troubles they cause to bibliographers or to those who are especially interested in their topic. Someone who is studying the history of a particular town hospital does not learn from the title "a small sixteenth century hospital", whether that article will furnish him material, and may take much effort in vain. Whereever possible an attempt has been made to avoid such troubles for the user.

6. The collected items have been arranged in twenty-two chapters using num• erous headings in order to make the search for information on a special subject easier. A few items that could not be classified under current headings were list• ed as "varia". For reasons of convenience, the principle of division could not always be the same, for example chronological. Often the division had to be adapted pragmat• ically. All entries referring to Antiquity and Medieval Medicine have been brought together into separate chapters. For times after the Renaissance more systematic chapters have been used. An ever-recurring difficulty was that so many articles rightfully could be listed under more than one heading. To take a fictitious example, an article on Lin• naeus and nutrition in Sweden could find a place in three different chapters. To deal with this difficulty cross-references have been made as much as possible. Only a few items have been fully inserted twice. PREFACE AND INTRODUCTION VII

7. Three indexes have been included: one of the historical persons, one of the (first) author and one of place-names. All numbers in the indexes refer to the entry numbers, not to the pages. Perhaps someone will feel the lack of a subject index. However, in view of the three indexes just mentioned, a subject index did not seem absolutely necessary. To meet the want of it, the table of contents has been elaborated extensively. It should be consulted first whenever going in search for literature on a special topic not connected with the name of a person, a place or an author. Everyone who is consulting this bibliography on a certain subject and does not find prim• arily what he is looking for, is urgently advised to glance in other chapters or under other headings.

8. Although all efforts have been made for accuracy, it must be conceded that in a work such as the present volume some errors are inevitable. For any errors or mistakes that may have crept in, sincere apologies are made. Furthermore, though it may be trusted that most of the relevant literature has been collected in this bibliography, the compiler does not indulge in the hope that the striving for completeness has been entirely successful. He can only be most grateful for notification of any omitted reference that has not come to his knowledge, or for the receipt of any reprint sent with a similar purpose. G.A.L. Acknowledgements

The compilation ofthis bibliography would not have been possible without the invaluable aid of several institutes and many persons interested in the medical past of the Netherlands. The library of the " voor de Geschiedenis der Natuurweten• schappen" in Leiden proved to be an important source of entries completing our own collection. To the librarians of and Universities I am indebted for information on publications concerning their institutions. Further I am under obligation to Dr. J. H. Sypkens Smit who showed a lively interest in the enterprise of a bibliography of Dutch medicine and supplied many poorly known references; to Dr. D. A. Wittop Koning who kindly supplied many entries on pharmacy; to Mr. A. M. van Prooyen who made up a long list of titles concerning medicinal herbs; to Drs J. Heniger who was very helpful in completing our lists of entries concerning Antoni van Leeuwenhoek; to Dr. D. de Moulin, Dr. H. M. Beumer, Dr. P. H. Brans and several other historians who furnished references of their own and others' publications. Without the help of them all the work would have remained more incomplete on several topics than it may be now. However, first of all I am under very great obligation to Miss A. A. G. Ham, whose name is mentioned on the title-page, for her long year's of cooperation in the search of entries, in checking doubtful references, in listing the items and typing the manuscript. Also for the tedious work of typing and retyping I am highly indebted to Mrs. N. E. de Blok-Berkeveld. List of Illustrations

I. Title page from Nic. Paradys (1740-1812) Oratio de cognitione historiae medicinae ... (1800). frontispiece 2. J. Banga (1786-1877) between pages 6 and 7 3. C. E. Daniels (1839-1921) idem 4. M. A. van Andel (1878-1941) idem 5. E. D. Baumann (1883-1966) idem 6. F. Z. Ermerins (1808-1871) between pages 70 and 71 7. G. C. B. Suringar (1802-1874) idem 8. H. J. Lulofs (1871-1939) between pages 1I8 and 119 9. J. G. de Lint (1867-1936) idem 10. F. M. G. de Feyfer (1873-1950) between pages 166 and 167 1 I. E. C. van Leersum (1862-1938) idem 12. D. Schoute (1873-1953) between pages 198 and 199 13. B. W. Th. Nuyens (1865-1945) idem Table of Contents

Page Preface and Introduction V-VII Acknowledgements IX List of Illustrations XI

1-2128 CHAPTER I. BIOGRAPHIES AND BIOGRAPHICA I 1-8 A. Collective Works 9-195 2 B. Physicians 9-90 Abbe-Beijerinck 91-124 Beverwijck-Blonck 125-370 Boerhaave 13 Biographica 125-78; Relatives 179-82; Commemorations 183-216; General scientific thoughts 217-27; Clinical and theoretical teaching, lecture notes 228-5 I; Various concepts and diseases 252-70; Chemical writings and chemistry 271-303; Botany 304-10; Letters and manus• cripts 311-32; Iconography 333-42; Foreign relations and influence 343-65; Catalogues 366-8; Varia 369-70.

37 1-42 5 du Bois-van Calcar 426-500 Camper Biographica 426-48; Letters 449-63; Voyages 464-8; Works and Ideas 469-500.

501-575 Capriles-Dekkers 576- 600 Descartes 52 Biographica 576-581; Works and Ideas 582-8; Relations 589-92; Letters and Influence 593-600.

601-654 van Deventer-van Doeveren 655-694 Donders 58 Biographica 655-72; Commemorations 673-81; Works and Ideas 682-94. XIV T ABLE OF CONTENTS

695-733 van Dongen-Engel 734-765 Erasmus 66 General 734-41; Erasmus and medicine 742-56; - and contemporaries 757-62. 766-834a Eykman-de Gorter 835-856 de Graaf 857-904 von Graefe-Harting 905-999 Harvey-HyrtI 1000-1057 Ingenhousz-Van Leersum 1058- 11 37 Leeuwenhoek 94 Biographies and general 1058-83; Instruments 1084--9a; Views on circulation, digestion and other topics 1090-8; Letters 1099-1112.9; Special topics 1113-24; Criticism 1125; Friends and correspondence 1126-35; Language 1136-7· 1138- 1184 Lemnius-Linnaeus 1185-1290 Linschoten-Le Mort 1291- 1356 Mulder-Parmentier 1357-1509 Pasteur-Ruysch 1509a- 1568 Ruysworm-van den Spieghel 1569-1610 Spinoza-Suringar 1611-1635 Swammerdam 1636-1702 van Swieten 1703-1755 Sylvius-Uwens 1756- 1841 Vesalius 160 General background 1756-60; Biographica 1761--90; Anatomy 1791-1801; Fabrica and Epitome 1802-17; Dentistry 1818-20; Letters 1821--9; Iconography 1830- 38; various subjects 1839-41. 1842-1890 da Vinci-Wenckebach 1891-1952 Westerdijk-Van 1953-1971 c. Surgeons 177 1972- 1992 D. Military physicians 180 1993-2001 E. Naval surgeons 182 2002-2008 F. Quacks 183 2009-2128 G. Pathographies 184 Scientists, artists and statesmen 2009--90; Royalties 2091- 2128. TABLE OF CONTENTS XV

2129-23598 CHAPTER II. HISTORY AND HISTORIOGRAPHY OF MEDICINE 195 2129-2153 A. Philosophy and Ideas 195 2154-2165 B. History of Medicine as a 198 2166-21688 C. Methods 199 2169-2177 D. Surveys 200 2178-2189 E. History of Dutch Medicine 201 21 90-22168 F. Periods and Progress 202 2217-2221 G. Linguistics 204 2222-2226 H. Chronology and Calendars 205 2227-2239 I. Teaching of History of Medicine 205 2240-2248 J. History of Medical Ethics 207 2249-2268 K. Bibliographies and Catalogues 208 2269-2282 L. Libraries and Collections 210 2283-22868 M. Medical-historical Institutes 212 2287-2293b N. Archives 212 2294-2343 O. Incunabula, Postincunabula and rare books 21 3 2344-2349 P. Manuscripts 21 7 2350- 23548 Q. Theses 218 2355-23598 R. Periodicals 21 9

2360-2481 CHAPTER III. PREHISTORIC, PRIMITIVE AND FOLK MEDICINE; MAGIC 220 2360-2364 A. Prehistoric Medicine 220 2365-2377 Trepanation 2378- 2404 B. Primitive Medicine 222 General 2378-86; Indian Archipel 2387-2400; Africa 2401-<>4. 2405-2446 C. Folkmedicine 225 General 2405-21; Customs and remedies 2422-32a; Ani- mals 2433-7; Local and regional 2438-46b. 2447-2481 D. Magic 229 General 2447-57; Witchcraft and exorcism 2458-81.

2482- 2732 CHAPTER IV. ANTIQUITY 233 2482- 2489 A. Babylonian and Assyrian Medicine 233 2490- 24928 B. Indian Medicine 234 XVI T ABLE OF CONTENTS

2493-25258 C. Egyptian Medicine 234 2526-2567 D. Israel 237 2582- 2732 E. Ancient Western Medicine 241 2582- 2587 General 2588-2677 Greek Medicine 2588-2589 General 2590-2603 Various topics 2604-2606 Aesculapius 2607-2610 Homer 2611-2642 Hippocrates 244 Hippocratic oath 2626-30a; Hippocratic writings 2631- 42. 2643-2649 Aristotle 246 2650-2655 Galen 247 2656-2670 Various Greek authors 248 2671- 2677 Roman Medicine 249 2678-2706 Diseases in Antiquity 249 2707-2726 Various topics 251 2727-2732 Military and Naval medicine in Antiquity 253

2733-2785 CHAPTER v. MEDIEVAL MEDICINE 254 2733-2749 A. General 254 2750-2777 B. Manuscripts 256 2778-2785 C. Arab Medicine 259 27858_2785n D. Saints 259

2786-3051 CHAPTER VI. BASIC 261 2786-2819 A. Chemistry and Physics 262 Chemistry 2786-2807; Physics 2808-19. 2820-2854 B. Biology 265 General 2820-9; Doctrine of evolution 2830--40; Zoology 2841-3; Various authors on biology 2844-9; Genetics and Heredity 2850--4. 2855-2908 C. Botany 268 General 2855-63; Herbals 2864-73; Botanical Gardens 2874-88a; Plants 2889-2908. 2909-298ob D. Anatomy 274 General 2909-28; Plates 2929-32; Anatomical theatres and Collections 2933-45; Instruments (magnifying glasses, TABLE OF CONTENTS XVII

microscopes and microtomes) 2946-64; Laboratories, staining techniques, etc. 2965-70; Varia 2971-72; Mon- stra 2973-80b. 2981-3051 E. Physiology 282 General 2981-92; Circulation of the blood 2993-3004; Various topics 3005-9; 3010-3051 F. Nutrition 285 General 3010-19; 17th and 18th century 3020-8; 19th and 20th century 3029-4Ia; Famine 3042-5; Council of Nutrition 3046-51.

3052-3316 CHAPTER VII. PATHOLOGY 29 1 3052-3065 A. Concepts of disease 29 1 3066-3072 B. Cardiovascular diseases 293 3074 C. Disorders of the liver 293 3075-3086 D. Endocrine glands 294 Diabetes mellitus 3082-6. 3087-3092 E. Deficiency diseases 295 Rheumatism and gout 3093-3104. 3105-3269 F. Contagious diseases 297 General 3105-10; Leprosy 3111-21. 3122-3172 Plague 299 General 3122-36; Fight against plague 3137-45; Local epidemics 3146-60; Ordinances and instructions 3161-72. 3173-3 175 Sweating sickness 304 3176-3198a Syphilis 304 3199-3210 Cholera 307 32II-3220 Smallpox 308 3221 -3237 Tuberculosis 309 3238-3240 Malaria 3II 3241-3242 Typhoid fever 312 3243-3248 Dysentery 312 3249-3251 Intestinal parasites 313 3252-3254 Diphteria 313 3255-3258 Influenza 314 3259-3265 Rabies canina (Hydrophobia) (and remedies for -) 314 3266-3269 Scabies 315 3270-3277 G. Diseases of the nervous system 315 3278-3290a H. Various diseases 316 XVIII T ABLE OF CONTENTS

3291-3304 I. Case-reports 317 3305-3316a J. Clinical medicine 319 Thermometer 3310-5; fames canina 3316.

3317-3403 CHAPTER VIII. THERAPEUTICS AND HEALINGS 321 3317-3320 A. General 321 3321-3330 B. Homoeopathy 322 333 1-3341 C. Miracles (and the belief in them) 323 3342-3347 D. Fontanels, blood-letting, leeches, Spanish fly 324 3348-33688 E. Resuscitating of drowned persons: fumigator 325 Life-saving service 3365-8a

3369-3374 F. Hydro-therapy and mud baths 327 3375-3379 G. Physical therapy 328 3380-3384 H. Bloodtransfusion 328 3385-3387 I. Sympathic cure 329 3388-3398 J. Remedies 329 for urinary calculus 3388--91; for constipation 3392-3; for various diseases and ailments 3394-8.

3399-3403 K. Treatment of lunatics 330

3404-3500 CHAPTER IX. SURGERY 332

3404-3411 A. General 333 3412-3425 B. Cutting for the stone 334 3426-3432 C. Fractures and amputations 335 3433-3435 D. Wounds 336 3436-3437 E. Ligature 336 3438-3450 F. Special operations 337 3451-3459 G. Surgical instruments 338 3460-3493 H. Surgeons (general) 339 3494-3500 Hangman

3501-3643 CHAPTER X. OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY 343

3501-3524 A. General studies, surveys, etc. 344 3525-3533 B. Generation, fertility and infertility 346 3534-3543 C. Virginity, conception, anticonception, sexuality 347 3544-3560 D. Pregnancy 348 3561-35668 E. Abortion, premature birth, multiple birth 350 TABLE OF CONTENTS XIX

3567-3586 F. Instruments 350 Roonhuysian secret 3579-86. 3587-3611 G. Obstetrical operations 352 General 3587-3587a; Caesarean section 3588-96; Sym- physiotomy 3597-3611. 3612-36188 H. Customs 355 3619-3643 I. Midwives and accoucheurs 356 General 3619-29; Professional training 3630-5; Local 3636-43·

3644-3699 CHAPTER XI. OPHTHALMOLOGY 359 3644-3657 A. General 359 3658-3660 B. Refraction 360 3661-3664 C. Optotypes 361 3665-3679 D. Eye-diseases 361 Strabismus 3668-9; Cataract, glaucoma, trachoma 3670- 9· 3680-3692 E. Spectacles 363 3693 F. Lenses 364 3694-3699 G. Ophthalmological instruments 364

3700-3799 CHAPTER XII. VARIOUS OTHER DISCIPLINES 365 3700-3719 A. Neurology and psychiatry 365 Hypnosis 3718-9.

3720-3723 B. Pediatrics 368 3724-3732 C. Otorhinolaryngology 368 Instruments 3731-2.

3733-3743 D. Anaesthesiology 369 3744-3745 E. Orthopedics 370 3746-3746b F. Radiology 370 3746c G. Endocrinology 371 3747-3748b H. Dermatology 371 3749-3777 I. Dental surgery 372 Dental instruments and old books 3775-7.

3778-3787 J. Forensic medicine 375 3788-3799 K. Veterinary medicine 376 XX TABLE OF CONTENTS

3800-3873 CHAPTER XIII. NAVAL AND TROPICAL MEDICINE 378 3800-3826 A. Naval medicine 378 General 3800-6; Medical service 3807-9; Nursing 3810- 13; Hygienics 3814-16a; Nutrition 3817-21; Pharmacy 3822-6.

3827-3873 B. Tropical medicine 382 General 3827-29a; 3830-41; 3842~; Diseases 3850-69.

3870-3873 C. Medical mission 387

3874-3962 CHAPTER XIV. MILITARY MEDICINE 388 3874-3876a A. General 388 3877-3881 B. Education 389 3882-3887 C. Army medical Corps 389 3888-3912 D. Medical and sanitary services 390 3913-3920 E. Surinam and the Dutch Antilles; Africa 393 3921-3933 F. Hospitals 394 3934-3938 G. Pharmacy 395 3939-3950 H. Transport and nursing 395 395 1-3953 1. Nutrition 397 3954-3962 J. Red Cross 397

3963-4088 CHAPTER XV. PREVENTIVE MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH 399 3963-4003 A. Preventive medicine 399 Variolation and vaccination 3963-4003.

4004-4051 B. Public health 404 General- rehabilitation 4004-II; Statistics 4012-8; Poor relief, sick fund system, municipal health care 4019-41; Drinking water and food 4042-51;

4052-4074 C. Hygiene 409 GeneraI4052-55a; Housing and school hygiene 4056-64; Industry 4065-7; Antisepsis, quarantine 4068-72; Ce- meteries 4073-4. 4075-4088 D. State medicine 412 Supervision, legal measures 4083-8. T ABLE OF CONTENTS XXI

4089-4266 CHAPTER XVI. MEDICAL EDUCATION 414

4089-4096 A. General 415 4097-4101 B. Bedside teaching and clinical instruction 416 4102-4242 C. Universities and Academies 417 General 4102-o9b; Students general 4Io9c-e; 4110-4163 Leiden 418 General 4110-26; Medical education 4127-54; Students 4155-63. 4164-4171 Franeker 425 4171a-4180 Groningen 426 4181-4201 Utrecht 427 Veterinary University 4199-4200.

4202-4214 Harderwijk 429 4215-4221a Nijmegen 43 1 4222-4232 Amsterdam: Athenaeum, (1632), University (1877) 43 1 Free University 4233-35.

4236-4242 Foreign Universities 434 4243-4254 D. Illustrious Schools 435 Breda 4243-47b; Deventer 4248-51; Bois-Ie-Due 4252-3; 4254.

4255-4266 E. Clinical Schools 437 General 4255; 4256; Amsterdam 4257-60; Hoom 4261; Middelburg 4262; 4263-6.

4267-4476 CHAPTER XVII. NURSING AND HOSPITALS 439

4267-4309 A. Nursing 439 General 4276-4282a; Mental nursing 4283-4305; Varia 4306-9.

43 10-4401 B. Hospitals 444 General 4310-20; Local hospitals: 4321-4401 Amersfoort 4321; Amsterdam 4322-4357a St. Peter's Hospital (Inner Hospital) 4335-48a; Wilhel- mina Hospital 4349-51; various Amsterdam hospitals 4352-7a. Amhem 4358; Breda, , Deventer 4359-62; , Groningen 4363-8; The Hague 4369-70; HaarJem, HeerJen 4371-3; 's-Hertogenbosch (Bois-Ie-Duc) 4374-74e; Leiden 4375-8a; Middelburg, Nijmegen, Roermond 4379-83; Rot- XXII T ABLE OF CONTENTS

terdam 4383a--9; Tilburg 4390; Utrecht 4391-4; Venlo, Weert, Zaan-district, Zaltbommel, 4395-4401.

4402-440 7 C. Leper houses 457 General 4402-04; Local 4405-07.

440 7a-44 12 D. Plague houses 44 13-4440 E. Lunatic asylums General 4413-7; Local 4418-40.

444 1-4449 F. Sanatoria 445Q-4452a G. Maternity homes and obstetric education 4453-4460 H. Various hospitals and clinics Children's hospitals 4453-5.

4461-4464 I. Foreign hospitals 4465-4473 J. Orphanages 4474-4476 K. Houses of correction (mental treatment in -)

4477-4737 CHAPTER XVIII. MEDICAL PROFESSION

4477-4500 A. General 45 01-45 15 B. Jewish medicine 45 16-4549 C. Professional matters Conflicts 4516-9; Bills 4520-31; Contracts, instructions 4532-45; Ordinances, sentences 4546--9.

4550-4563 D. Collegia Medica 475 4564-4582 E. Quackery 476 General 4564-72; Announces, measures, prizes, etc. 4573-80; drugs 4581-2.

F. Guilds General 4583-5; Local 4586-4610; Examinations 461 1--9; Certificates 4620-32a.

4633-4637 G. Archivalia 4638-4699 H. Societies and Associations General 4638-43; Learned Societies 4644-51; Royal Dutch Society for the promotion of medicine 4652-63; Special Associations 4664-81; "Netherlands Journal of Medicine" 4682-4; Dutch Society for the promotion of pharmacy 4685-9; Society for the History of Medi• cine, Physics and Mathematics 4690-6; Meetings Ge• WiNa 4697; Foreign meetings 4698-9. T ABLE OF CONTENTS XXIII

4700-4736 I. Congresses 499 Congresses pharmacy 4726--36. 4737 J. Varia 503

4738-4989 CHAPTER XIX. PHARMACY 504 4738-4757 A. Historical surveys 504 4758-4764a B. Foreign relations 506 4765-4772 C. Drug trade and prizes 507 4773-4810 D. Mortars, jars and weights 508 Jars 4'j'36-4803; Weights 4804-10. 4811-4853 E. Antidotaria, pharmacopoeia's, prescription books 511 Pharmacopoeia's 4814-42; Prescription books 4843-53. 4854-4896 F. Chemists 515 Chemist's shops 4884-92a; Guilds 4893-6. 4897-4954 G. Drugs 519 General 4897-4902a; Bezoar - 4903-06; Chemical - 4907-19; Vegetable - 4920-6; Quinine, guajac 4927-31; Medicinal herbs 4932-4933.14; Animal drugs 4934-48; Panacea, secret drugs 4949-54. 4955-4966a H. Pharmacology and Toxicology 527 Toxicology 4958-66a. 4967-4974 I. Various subjects 528 4975-4987 J. Pharmacy and 529 4988-4989 K. Periodicals 530

4990-5 120 CHAPTER XX. LoCAL MEDICINE AND LoCAL PHARMACY 531 4990-5080 A. Local medicine 531 General 4990 Amsterdam 499 1-4 Antwerp 4995-6 4997-500 I Baambrugge 5002 Bergen op Zoom 5003-08 Breda 5009-5011 Broek in 5012 Brummen 5013 Dordrecht 5014-21 Gorinchem, Gouda, 's-Gravenhage (The Hague), Groningen 5022-30 536 XXIV T ABLE OF CONTENTS

Haarlem, Harderwijk, Hunsingo 5031-4 537 Huissen 5035 Jisp 5036 Kampen 5037-8 Leiden 5039-40 Middelburg 5041 Nijmegen 5042-6 Rotterdam 5047-9 Tilburg 5050 Utrecht 5051-60a Veere 5061 Zaltbommel 5062-4 Zwolle 5065-8 Provinces and districts 5069-80 541 5081-5120 B. Local pharmacy 543 Alkmaar, Amersfoort, Amsterdam 5081-85a Antwerp 5086-8 Breda, 5089-91 Delft, Deventer 5092-5 Eindhoven 5096 Goes, Gouda 5097-8 's-Gravenhage (The Hague) 5099-5101 Haarlem, Harderwijk, Kampen 5102-04 Maastricht, Roermond 5105-07 Rotterdam 5108-lIa Tiel 5112 Utrecht, Vianen 5113-4 Zierikzee 5 II 5-6 Zwolle 5117 Provinces and districts 5118-20 548

5121-5204 CHAPTER XXI. OTHER COUNTRIES 549 5121-5 122b A. 549 5123-5124 B. England 550 5125-5128 C. Scotland 550 5129-5134" D. 55 1 5135-5138 E. Italy 55 1 5139-5143 F. Austria 552 5143" G. Poland 553 5144 H. 553 5145-5147 I. Sweden and Iceland 553 5148 J. Switzerland 554 5149 K. Portugal 554 5150-5156 L. Russia 554 5157-5 161 M. South Africa 555 5162-5 163" N. Dutch East Indies, Dutch New Guinea 555 TABLE OF CONTENTS XXV

5164-5165 o. Surinam 556 5166-5173 P. America 556 5174-5 197 Q. Japan 557 5 I 98-5202b R. China 561

5203-5512a CHAPTER XXII. MEDICINE AND ART 562 5203-5344a A. Painting, drawing and plastic art 562 General 5203-5222a; Anatomy, anatomy lessons 5223- 47; Physicians, pathology 5248-62a; Leprosy 5263-9; Various topics 5270-95. 5296-5303a; 5304-13; 5314-5; 5316-5325 Popular prints, caricatures, varia 573 Caricatures 5319-21; varia 5322-5. 5326-5336 Emblems 574 5337-5340a Stone tablets, epitaphs, etc. 575 5341-53448 Title pages 576 5345-5386 B. Literary Art 576 Prose 5345-55; Poetry 5356-73; Stage 5374-86. 5387-5393 11 C. Musicians, music, opera 580 5394-5402a D. Medals 583 5403-5418 E. Philately, emergency money 584 Philately 5403-17; Money 5418 5419-5467 F. 585 Alkmaar 5420; Amsterdam 5421-39; 5440-1; Gouda 5442-3; Groningen 5444; Haarlem 5445-6, 5463; Leiden 5447-57a; Maastricht 5458; Oudewater 5459; Utrecht 5460-2. Foreign 5464-7.

5468-55 128 G. Exhibitions 591 Exhibitions in foreign museums 5510-12a.

INDEXES Index of Authors 601 Index of (historical) Persons 625 Index of Places 638 List of Sources 643