DOCSLIB.ORG

Muller Hill Unit Management Plan- Final

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Muller Hill Unit Management Plan- Final New York State Department of Environmental Conservation Division of Lands & Forests MULLER HILL UNIT MANAGEMENT PLAN FINAL Towns of Georgetown, DeRuyter, Lincklaen, Otselic, and Cuyler, in Madison, Chenango and Cortland Counties MARCH 2012 NYS Department of Environmental Conservation Region 7 Sub Office 2715 State Highway 80 Sherburne, NY 13460 (607) 674- 4036 ANDREW CUOMO , Governor JOSEPH MARTENS , Commissioner ROBERT DAVIES, State Forester ANDREW M. CUOMO JOE MARTENS GOVERNOR COMMISSIONER STATE OF NEW YORK DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION ALBANY, NEW YORK 12233-1010 MEMORANDUM TO: The Record FROM: Joseph J. MartensD~ DATE: MAR - 9 2012 SUBJECT: Final Muller Hill UMP The Unit Management Plan for Muller Hill UMP has been completed. The Plan is consistent with Department policy and procedure, involved public participation and is consistent with the Environmental Conservation Law, Rules and Regulations. The plan includes management objectives for a ten year period and is hereby approved and adopted. FINAL Muller Hill Unit Management Plan A Management Unit Consisting of Three State Forests in Southwestern Madison and Northwestern Chenango Counties Prepared By: Greg Owens, Senior Forester Jason Schoellig, Senior Forester New York State Department of Environmental Conservation Lands & Forests Office 2715 State Highway 80 Sherburne, New York 13460 607-674-4036 P r e f a c e It is the policy of the Department to manage State Forests for multiple uses to serve the People of New York State. The Muller Hill Unit Management Plan is the basis for supporting a multiple use* goal through the implementation of specific objectives and management strategies. This management will be carried out to ensure the sustainability, biological improvement and protection of the Unit’s ecosystems and to optimize the many benefits to the public that these State Forests provide. The multiple use goal will be accomplished through the applied integration of compatible and sound land management practices. The Muller Hill Unit Management Plan is based on a long range vision for the management area. Specific goals and objectives to support that vision have been developed to implement management activities on the Unit for the next 20 years with a review in 5 years and an update due in 10 years. It should be noted that factors such as wood product markets, changing social mores, budget and staffing constraints and forest health conditions may, at the judgment of the Regional Forester, necessitate deviations from the schedule. Article 9, Title 7, of the Environmental Conservation Law authorizes the Department of Environmental Conservation to provide for the management of lands acquired outside the Adirondack and Catskill Parks. Management is defined as watershed protection, the production of timber and other forest products, recreation and kindred purposes. The Draft State Forest Land Master Plan provides the overall direction and framework for meeting this legal mandate. This plan was prepared by Greg Owens and Jason Schoellig with assistance from Andrew Blum, Donna Baddeley, Christopher Sprague and Glenn Wolford from NYSDEC and John Demler from Colgate University. Muller Hill Unit Management Plan NYS Department of Environmental Conservation Division of Lands & Forests 2715 State Route 80 Sherburne, NY 13460 (607) 674-4036 www.dec.ny.gov * Bold text words are defined in the glossary. i Table of Contents Preface ............................................................................................................................................... i Green Certification of State Forests ................................................................................................. 1 Map of the Unit ................................................................................................................................ 2 Executive Summary .......................................................................................................................... 3 I. Information on the Unit ................................................................................................................. 4 A. History ..................................................................................................................................... 4 B. Geography - Community Profile .............................................................................................. 8 C. Geology .................................................................................................................................. 10 D. Soils ....................................................................................................................................... 11 E. Land Classification and Stages within the Unit ..................................................................... 12 F. Forest Resources .................................................................................................................... 12 G. Wetlands and Water Resources ............................................................................................. 13 H. Fisheries Resources ............................................................................................................... 13 I. Wildlife Resources .................................................................................................................. 14 J. Significant Plants, Wildlife and Ecological Communities ..................................................... 14 K. Recreational Resources .......................................................................................................... 16 L. Cultural Resources ................................................................................................................. 16 M. Property Use Agreements ..................................................................................................... 16 N. Roads ..................................................................................................................................... 17 O. Other Facilities ...................................................................................................................... 18 P. Forest Insects and Diseases .................................................................................................... 19 Q. Hardwood Regeneration & Interfering Vegetation ................................................................ 20 II. Resource Demands on the Unit .................................................................................................. 21 A. Timber Resources .................................................................................................................. 21 B. Biological Resources ............................................................................................................. 23 C. Recreational Resources .......................................................................................................... 23 D. Mineral Resources ................................................................................................................. 24 III. Constraints on the Unit ............................................................................................................. 25 A. Physical Constraints .............................................................................................................. 25 B. Administrative Constraints .................................................................................................... 26 C. Societal Influences ................................................................................................................. 26 D. Department Rules, Regulations and Laws ............................................................................. 27 IV. Vision Statement ...................................................................................................................... 27 V. Goals and Objectives ................................................................................................................. 27 A. Land Management ................................................................................................................. 27 B. Public Use and Recreation ..................................................................................................... 36 C. Community Forestry .............................................................................................................. 40 VI. Management Action Schedules ................................................................................................ 41 A. Land Management Actions ................................................................................................... 41 B. Summary of Annual Stand Treatments (acres) ..................................................................... 56 ii C. Grassland Maintenance .......................................................................................................... 61 D. Boundary Line Maintenance .................................................................................................. 61 E. Public Use Action Schedule ................................................................................................... 61 F. Boundary Line Survey ............................................................................................................ 62 G. Forest Inventory Data Collection ........................................................................................... 62 VII. Glossary ..................................................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Distributions, Vulnerability of Amphibians, T\]Ova Scotia
    Curatorial Report Number 45 Nova Scotia Museum 1747 Summer St. Distributions, Halifax. Nova Scotia. Canada Habitats and Vulnerability of Amphibians, Reptiles,and Small Native Mammals in t\]ova Scotia By John Gil hen and Fred Scott January 1981 Curatorial Report Number 45 Nova Scotia Museum 1747 Summer St. Distributions, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada Habitats and Vulnerability of Amphibians, Reptiles, and Small Native Mammals in Nova Scotia By John Gil hen and Fred Scott January 1981 T ~ r T 1 NOVA SCOTIA MUSEUM l Curatorial Reports The Curato~ial Reports of the Nova Scotia Museum contain information , on the collections and the preliminary results of research projects carried out under the program of the museum. The reports may be cited in publications but their manuscript status should be clearly indicated. , 1, 1 l 11 INTRODUCTION In recent years the Science Section of the Nova Scotia Museum has r ecei ved increasingly frequent requests from government and private agencies , and from individuals, for information on plant and animal species or communiti es which are of exceptional scientific value or interest and which may be affected by various kinds of proposed development. These requests fall i nto two categories : information on species or communities occurring at a particular location, and information on the distribution and vulnerability of a species or group of species throughout the province as a whole. Requests in the first category generally cannot be anticipated, and the Science Section r esponds to each one, using a Locality File listing its biological collections by county and location, supplemented by special knowledge of the staff when possible.
    [Show full text]
  • Deadwood and Saproxylic Beetle Diversity in Naturally Disturbed and Managed Spruce Forests in Nova Scotia
    A peer-reviewed open-access journal ZooKeysDeadwood 22: 309–340 and (2009) saproxylic beetle diversity in disturbed and managed spruce forests in Nova Scotia 309 doi: 10.3897/zookeys.22.144 RESEARCH ARTICLE www.pensoftonline.net/zookeys Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Deadwood and saproxylic beetle diversity in naturally disturbed and managed spruce forests in Nova Scotia DeLancey J. Bishop1,4, Christopher G. Majka2, Søren Bondrup-Nielsen3, Stewart B. Peck1 1 Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada 2 c/o Nova Scotia Museum, 1747 Summer St., Halifax, Nova Scotia Canada 3 Department of Biology, Acadia University, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada 4 RR 5, Canning, Nova Scotia, Canada Corresponding author: Christopher G. Majka ([email protected]) Academic editor: Jan Klimaszewski | Received 26 March 2009 | Accepted 6 April 2009 | Published 28 September 2009 Citation: Bishop DJ, Majka CG, Bondrup-Nielsen S, Peck SB (2009) Deadwood and saproxylic beetle diversity in naturally disturbed and managed spruce forests in Nova Scotia In: Majka CG, Klimaszewski J (Eds) Biodiversity, Bio- systematics, and Ecology of Canadian Coleoptera II. ZooKeys 22: 309–340. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.22.144 Abstract Even-age industrial forestry practices may alter communities of native species. Th us, identifying coarse patterns of species diversity in industrial forests and understanding how and why these patterns diff er from those in naturally disturbed forests can play an essential role in attempts to modify forestry practices to minimize their impacts on native species. Th is study compares diversity patterns of deadwood habitat structure and saproxylic beetle species in spruce forests with natural disturbance histories (wind and fi re) and human disturbance histories (clearcutting and clearcutting with thinning).
    [Show full text]
  • Ecological Studies of the Smooth Earth Snake and Redbelly Snake, and Niche Modeling of Forest Species in Eastern Kansas
    Ecological Studies of the Smooth Earth Snake and Redbelly Snake, and Niche Modeling of Forest Species in Eastern Kansas August 12, 2014 William H. Busbya, George R. Pisania, E. Townsend Petersonb, and Narayani Barveb aKansas Biological Survey 2101 Constant Avenue Lawrence, KS 66047-3759 bBiodiversity Institute University of Kansas Lawrence, KS 66045 Submitted to: Kansas Department of Wildlife, Parks and Tourism 512 SE 25th Avenue Pratt, KS 67124-5911 1 Table of Contents Chapter I. Ecological Studies of the Smooth Earth Snake and Redbelly Snake in Eastern Kansas Acknowledgments............................................................................................................................3 Introduction ......................................................................................................................................4 Methods............................................................................................................................................6 Results ..............................................................................................................................................8 Discussion ......................................................................................................................................11 Specific Proposal Questions Addressed by New Work ............................................................16 Northeast Kansas Habitats ........................................................................................................16 Reproduction
    [Show full text]
  • Bulletin No. 36: Amphibians and Reptiles of the Connecticut College Arboretum Jill Devito
    Connecticut College Digital Commons @ Connecticut College Bulletins Connecticut College Arboretum 12-1998 Bulletin No. 36: Amphibians and Reptiles of the Connecticut College Arboretum Jill Devito Joseph Markow Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.conncoll.edu/arbbulletins Part of the Animal Sciences Commons, Biology Commons, and the Plant Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Devito, Jill and Markow, Joseph, "Bulletin No. 36: Amphibians and Reptiles of the Connecticut College Arboretum" (1998). Bulletins. Paper 36. http://digitalcommons.conncoll.edu/arbbulletins/36 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Connecticut College Arboretum at Digital Commons @ Connecticut College. It has been accepted for inclusion in Bulletins by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Connecticut College. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The views expressed in this paper are solely those of the author. r AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES OF TH E CONNECTICVT COLLEGE ARBORETVM THE CONNECTICUT COLLEGE ARBORETUM Bulletin No. 36 • December 1998 CONNECTICUT COLLEGE Duncan N. Dayton '81, Chair, Board of Trustees Claire L. Gaudiani '66, President David K. Lewis, ProvosUDean of Faculty ARBORETUM STAFF Glenn D. Dreyer MA '83, Director William A Niering, Research Director Jeffrey D. Smith, Horticulturist Katherine T. Dame '90, Program Coordinator James C. Luce, Supervisor of Grounds Craig O. Vine, Horticultural Assistant Jesse J. Locantore '98, Intern Sally L. Taylor, Education Coordinator Robert A Askins, Paul E. Fell, Research Associates Pamela G. Hine, MA'84, R. Scott Warren, Research Associates Richard A. Orson MA '82, Research Associate John W. Deering, Earth Management Consultant Richard H. Goodwin, Technical Advisor THE CONNECTICUT COLLEGE ARBORETUM ASSOCIATION Membership is open to individuals and organizations interested in supporting the Arboretum and its programs.
    [Show full text]
  • Standard Common and Current Scientific Names for North American Amphibians, Turtles, Reptiles & Crocodilians
    STANDARD COMMON AND CURRENT SCIENTIFIC NAMES FOR NORTH AMERICAN AMPHIBIANS, TURTLES, REPTILES & CROCODILIANS Sixth Edition Joseph T. Collins TraVis W. TAGGart The Center for North American Herpetology THE CEN T ER FOR NOR T H AMERI ca N HERPE T OLOGY www.cnah.org Joseph T. Collins, Director The Center for North American Herpetology 1502 Medinah Circle Lawrence, Kansas 66047 (785) 393-4757 Single copies of this publication are available gratis from The Center for North American Herpetology, 1502 Medinah Circle, Lawrence, Kansas 66047 USA; within the United States and Canada, please send a self-addressed 7x10-inch manila envelope with sufficient U.S. first class postage affixed for four ounces. Individuals outside the United States and Canada should contact CNAH via email before requesting a copy. A list of previous editions of this title is printed on the inside back cover. THE CEN T ER FOR NOR T H AMERI ca N HERPE T OLOGY BO A RD OF DIRE ct ORS Joseph T. Collins Suzanne L. Collins Kansas Biological Survey The Center for The University of Kansas North American Herpetology 2021 Constant Avenue 1502 Medinah Circle Lawrence, Kansas 66047 Lawrence, Kansas 66047 Kelly J. Irwin James L. Knight Arkansas Game & Fish South Carolina Commission State Museum 915 East Sevier Street P. O. Box 100107 Benton, Arkansas 72015 Columbia, South Carolina 29202 Walter E. Meshaka, Jr. Robert Powell Section of Zoology Department of Biology State Museum of Pennsylvania Avila University 300 North Street 11901 Wornall Road Harrisburg, Pennsylvania 17120 Kansas City, Missouri 64145 Travis W. Taggart Sternberg Museum of Natural History Fort Hays State University 3000 Sternberg Drive Hays, Kansas 67601 Front cover images of an Eastern Collared Lizard (Crotaphytus collaris) and Cajun Chorus Frog (Pseudacris fouquettei) by Suzanne L.
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogeny and Classification of Cucujoidea and the Recognition of A
    Systematic Entomology (2015), 40, 745–778 DOI: 10.1111/syen.12138 Phylogeny and classification of Cucujoidea and the recognition of a new superfamily Coccinelloidea (Coleoptera: Cucujiformia) JAMES A. ROBERTSON1,2,ADAM SL´ I P I NS´ K I3, MATTHEW MOULTON4, FLOYD W. SHOCKLEY5, ADRIANO GIORGI6, NATHAN P. LORD4, DUANE D. MCKENNA7, WIOLETTA TOMASZEWSKA8, JUANITA FORRESTER9, KELLY B. MILLER10, MICHAEL F. WHITING4 andJOSEPH V. MCHUGH2 1Department of Entomology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, U.S.A., 2Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, U.S.A., 3Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, Canberra, Australia, 4Department of Biology and M. L. Bean Museum, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, U.S.A., 5Department of Entomology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, U.S.A., 6Faculdade de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Altamira, Brasil, 7Department of Biological Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, U.S.A., 8Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszawa, Poland, 9Chattahoochee Technical College, Canton, GA, U.S.A. and 10Department of Biology and Museum of Southwestern Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, U.S.A. Abstract. A large-scale phylogenetic study is presented for Cucujoidea (Coleoptera), a diverse superfamily of beetles that historically has been taxonomically difficult. This study is the most comprehensive analysis of cucujoid taxa to date, with DNA sequence data sampled from eight genes (four nuclear, four mitochondrial) for 384 coleopteran taxa, including exemplars of 35 (of 37) families and 289 genera of Cucujoidea. Maximum-likelihood analyses of these data present many significant relationships, some proposed previously and some novel.
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogenetic Systematics of the Cerylonid Series of Cucujoidea
    PHYLOGENETIC SYSTEMATICS OF THE CERYLONID SERIES OF CUCUJOIDEA (COLEOPTERA) by JAMES A. ROBERTSON (Under the Direction of Joseph V. McHugh) ABSTRACT We conduct a large-scale phylogenetic investigation of the Cerylonid Series (C.S.) of Cucujoidea, a diverse group of cucujoid beetles comprising 9,600 species classified in eight families, using morphological data (76 taxa ! 147 adult and larval characters), molecular data (341 taxa ! 9 genes: 18S, 28S, H3, 12S, 16S, COI, COII, CAD and ArgK) and a combination of the two datasets. In total, our analyses suggest the following: the C.S. is a monophyletic group based on both morphological and molecular evidence; the superfamily Cucujoidea is paraphyletic with respect to the remaining superfamilies in the series Cucujiformia; the C.S. represents a unique clade within Cucujiformia and should be recognized as its own supferfamily, Coccinelloidea, within the series; Byturidae and Biphyllidae should be transferred to Cleroidea; the C.S. families Corylophidae, Coccinellidae, Latridiidae, and Discolomatidae, are monophyletic; Cerylonidae, Endomychidae, and Bothrideridae are paraphyletic. Bothrideridae is split into two distinct families comprising the former Bothriderinae (as Bothrideridae) and the other including the remaining subfamilies (as Teredidae); the cerylonid subfamily Euxestinae is included within Teredidae; the new concept of Cerylonidae includes the following subfamilies: Ceryloninae, Ostomopsinae, Murmidiinae, Discolomatinae and Loeblioryloninae (inserte sedis); the status of the putative
    [Show full text]
  • Snakes of New Jersey Brochure
    Introduction Throughout history, no other group of animals has undergone and sur- Snakes: Descriptions, Pictures and 4. Corn snake (Elaphe guttata guttata): vived such mass disdain. Today, in spite of the overwhelming common 24”-72”L. The corn snake is a ➣ Wash the bite with soap and water. Snakes have been around for over 100,000,000 years and despite the Range Maps state endangered species found odds, historically, 23 species of snakes existed in New Jersey. However, sense and the biological facts that attest to the snake’s value to our 1. Northern water snake (Nerodia sipedon sipedon): ➣ Immobilize the bitten area and keep it lower than your environment, a good portion of the general public still looks on the in the Pine Barrens of NJ. It heart. most herpetologists believe the non-venomous queen snake is now 22”-53”L. This is one of the most inhabits sandy, forested areas SNAKES OF extirpated (locally extinct) in New Jersey. 22 species of snakes can still snake as something to be feared, destroyed, or at best relegated to common snakes in NJ, inhabit- preferring pine-oak forest with be found in the most densely populated state in the country. Two of our glassed-in cages at zoos. ing freshwater streams, ponds, an understory of low brush. It ➣ lakes, swamps, marshes, and What not to do if bitten by a snake species are venomous, the timber rattlesnake and the northern All snakes can swim, but only the northern water snake and may also be found in hollow queen snake rely heavily on waterbodies.
    [Show full text]
  • A Survey of Redbelly Snakes in the Black Hills of South Dakota
    Proceedings of the South Dakota Academy of Science, Vol. 96 (2017) 25 A SURVEY OF REDBELLY SNAKES IN THE BLACK HILLS OF SOUTH DAKOTA Charles D. Dieter* and Tait Ronningen Department of Natural Resource Management South Dakota State University Brookings, SD 57007 *Corresponding author email: [email protected] ABSTRACT The Black Hills redbelly snake (Storieria occipitomaculata pahasapae) is an isolated population and has received little study. We captured redbelly snakes in the Black Hills of South Dakota in 2004, 2005 to determine general mor- phological and population characteristics and to document which habitats were most utilized. We captured 104 redbelly snakes in 2004 (0.34 captures per hour) and 146 redbelly snakes in 2005 (0.45 captures per hour). Redbelly snakes were found an average of 14 m (SD = 20.8 m) from water, usually under cover objects. Females were larger (18.4 cm, SD = 2.45) than males (15.4 cm, SD = 2.22) (t = 4.37, df = 148, P < 0.01). The sex ratio favored females 3:2 (χ2 = 10.9, df = 1, P < 0.01). More than half of captured snakes (60%) were gray phase vs. 40% as brown phase (χ2 = 4.00, df = 1, P < 0.05). Our capture rate indicates Black Hills redbelly snakes are more common than previously thought. We found more redbelly snakes in the northern portion of the Black Hills which receives more moisture than the southern portion. We found redbelly snakes in wet areas so practices which reduce the abundance of moist habitats (cattle-grazing, construc- tion) could threaten the redbelly snake.
    [Show full text]
  • Red-Bellied Snake (Storeria Occipitomaculata) Copulation in South Dakota
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln The Prairie Naturalist Great Plains Natural Science Society 12-2018 RED-BELLIED SNAKE (STORERIA OCCIPITOMACULATA) COPULATION IN SOUTH DAKOTA Drew R. Davis Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/tpn Part of the Biodiversity Commons, Botany Commons, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons, Natural Resources and Conservation Commons, Systems Biology Commons, and the Weed Science Commons This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Great Plains Natural Science Society at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Prairie Naturalist by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. 72 The Prairie Naturalist • 50(2): December 2018 RED-BELLIED SNAKE (STORERIA crossing roads in this region during snake surveys from 28 OCCIPITOMACULATA) COPULATION IN SOUTH April–3 May 2018, corresponding with the first series of DAKOTA — Storeria occipitomaculata is a small, terrestrial warm days for the year (ambient high temperatures: 16.7–30° species of snake that occurs across much of eastern North C). America (Ernst and Barbour 1989, Ernst 2002, Ernst This observation provides the first published account of and Ernst 2003). Due to this widespread distribution, S. S. occipitomaculata copulation in South Dakota and is likely occipitomaculata faces varied climates that likely result one of the earliest observed copulation events for this species. in regional differences in reproductive phenology. Much Other authors such as Kiesow (2006), Collins et al. (2010), of what is known about the reproductive ecology of S. LeClere (2013), and Moriarty and Hall (2014) have suggested occipitomaculata has been documented from the southeastern spring and/or fall copulation for S.
    [Show full text]
  • The Effect of Vertical Stratification and Forest Management on Beetle (Insecta: Coleoptera) and Spider (Arachnida: Araneae) Communities in a Temperate Forest
    The Effect of Vertical Stratification and Forest Management on Beetle (Insecta: Coleoptera) and Spider (Arachnida: Araneae) Communities in a Temperate Forest Jessica Turgeon Natural Resource Sciences McGill University Montreal, Quebec, Canada April 2019 A thesis submitted to McGill University in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Master’s in Science Ó Jessica Turgeon 2019 Table of Contents Abstract …4 Résumé …5 List of Tables …7 List of Figures …9 Thesis Format …11 Acknowledgements …11 Contribution of Authors …11 Chapter 1: Introduction and Literature Review …12 1.1 Introduction …12 1.1.1 Thesis rationale …12 1.2 The use of beetles and spiders in ecological studies …13 1.3 Vertical Stratification …14 1.3.1 Vertical stratification in tropical forests …14 1.3.2 Vertical stratification in temperate forests …15 1.4 Forest Management in Temperate Forests …17 1.4.1 Forest management practices and their effects on diversity …18 1.4.2 Succession associated with forest management …20 1.5 Vertical stratification and forest management …22 1.6 Research objectives …23 1.7 Summary …24 1.8 References …26 1.9 Connecting Statement …33 Chapter 2: The Effect of Vertical Stratification and Forest Management on Beetle (Coleoptera) and Spider (Araneae) Communities in a Temperate Forest …34 2.1 Abstract …34 2.2 Introduction …35 2.3 Methods …37 2.3.1 Experimental design and sampling …37 2.3.2 Data analyses …40 2.4 Results …42 2 2.4.1 Abundance and Diversity …42 2.4.2 Community Composition …44 2.5 Discussion …44 2.5.1 Vertical stratification …45 2.5.2 Forest management …48 2.5.3 Conclusion …52 2.6 Acknowledgements …53 2.7 References …54 2.8 Tables and Figures …62 2.9 Connecting statement …78 Thesis summary and conclusion …79 Appendix A …81 Appendix B …82 3 Abstract Forest canopies may harbour up to 50% of the world’s diversity and since the canopy and forest floor have different architectures, the structure of arthropod assemblages may vary by stratum.
    [Show full text]
  • GTR-NE-108 Part B
    AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES This section provides a compilation ot natural histo- and no breeding populations are known to exist. We rles, distributions, and habitat associations for the 26 am- have also omitted the rough green snake (Opheodrys phibians and 30 reptiles occurring in New England. The aestivus)-although two records exist tor Connecticut, distributions of several s~eciesare not well known in no breeding populations are known. New England-maps need to be up-dated periodically. Species are listed in phylogenetic order. Measure- Nomenclature follows that of Collins and others (1982): ment units here are as reported in the original work. Standard Common and Current Scientific Names for When the original work used English units, metric equiv- North American Amphibians and Reptiles. alents have been supplied. Variations in development We have included the mudpuppy (Necturus m, rna- and hatching times for a species may be attributed to ge- culosus) and red-eared slider (Pseudemys scripta ele- netic and environmental factors. Although key reter- gans), introduced species that have established popula- ences are given for each species, the species accounts tions in parts of the region. We have omitted the eastern point up many gaps in our knowledge of amphibians and mud turtle fKinosternon s. subrubrum) because Con- reptiles. necticut individuals are believed to haie been released Species and Subspecies Caudata Emydidae Necturidae Spotted Turtle (Clemmys guffafa) . .72 Mudpuppy (Necfurus m. maculosus) . .39 Bog Turtle (Clemmys muhlenbergii) . .73 Ambystomatidae Wood Turtle (Clemmys insculpta) . .75 Marbled Salamander (Ambystoma opacum) . .40 Eastern Box Turtle (Terrapene c. caroiina) . .77 Jefferson Salamander (Ambystoma Map Turtle (Grapfemys geographica) .
    [Show full text]