Trying to Promote Network Entry: from the Chain Broadcasting Rules to the Channel Occupancy Rule and Beyond
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The Rise and Fall of the FCC's Financial Interest and Syndication Rules
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Villanova University School of Law: Digital Repository Volume 1 Issue 1 Article 5 1994 The Rise and Fall of the FCC's Financial Interest and Syndication Rules Christopher J. Pepe Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.law.villanova.edu/mslj Part of the Communications Law Commons, and the Entertainment, Arts, and Sports Law Commons Recommended Citation Christopher J. Pepe, The Rise and Fall of the FCC's Financial Interest and Syndication Rules, 1 Jeffrey S. Moorad Sports L.J. 67 (1994). Available at: https://digitalcommons.law.villanova.edu/mslj/vol1/iss1/5 This Comment is brought to you for free and open access by Villanova University Charles Widger School of Law Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Jeffrey S. Moorad Sports Law Journal by an authorized editor of Villanova University Charles Widger School of Law Digital Repository. Pepe: The Rise and Fall of the FCC's Financial Interest and Syndication Comment THE RISE AND FALL OF THE FCC'S FINANCIAL INTEREST AND SYNDICATION RULES I. INTRODUCTION Historically, three major broadcast television networks (net- works)1 dominated the television industry. The networks main- tained their dominance into the 1970s by developing an extensive communications system of network owned and operated television stations and independently owned stations affiliated with the net- works.2 The networks' market dominance enabled them to com- 1. In 1992, the Code of Federal Regulations defined a network as: any person, entity, or corporation providing on a regular basis more than fifteen (15) hours of prime time programming per week.., to intercon- nected affiliates that reach, in aggregate, at least of seventy-five (75) per- cent of television households nationwide; and/or any person, entity, or corporation controlling, controlled by, or under common control with such person, entity, or corporation. -
Media Ownership Rules
05-Sadler.qxd 2/3/2005 12:47 PM Page 101 5 MEDIA OWNERSHIP RULES It is the purpose of this Act, among other things, to maintain control of the United States over all the channels of interstate and foreign radio transmission, and to provide for the use of such channels, but not the ownership thereof, by persons for limited periods of time, under licenses granted by Federal author- ity, and no such license shall be construed to create any right, beyond the terms, conditions, and periods of the license. —Section 301, Communications Act of 1934 he Communications Act of 1934 reestablished the point that the public airwaves were “scarce.” They were considered a limited and precious resource and T therefore would be subject to government rules and regulations. As the Supreme Court would state in 1943,“The radio spectrum simply is not large enough to accommodate everybody. There is a fixed natural limitation upon the number of stations that can operate without interfering with one another.”1 In reality, the airwaves are infinite, but the govern- ment has made a limited number of positions available for use. In the 1930s, the broadcast industry grew steadily, and the FCC had to grapple with the issue of broadcast station ownership. The FCC felt that a diversity of viewpoints on the airwaves served the public interest and was best achieved through diversity in station ownership. Therefore, to prevent individuals or companies from controlling too many broadcast stations in one area or across the country, the FCC eventually instituted ownership rules. These rules limit how many broadcast stations a person can own in a single market or nationwide. -
The Clear Picture on Clear Channel Communications, Inc.: a Corporate Profile
Cornell University ILR School DigitalCommons@ILR Articles and Chapters ILR Collection 1-28-2004 The Clear Picture on Clear Channel Communications, Inc.: A Corporate Profile Maria C. Figueroa Cornell University, [email protected] Damone Richardson Cornell University, [email protected] Pam Whitefield Cornell University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.ilr.cornell.edu/articles Part of the Advertising and Promotion Management Commons, Arts Management Commons, and the Unions Commons Thank you for downloading an article from DigitalCommons@ILR. Support this valuable resource today! This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the ILR Collection at DigitalCommons@ILR. It has been accepted for inclusion in Articles and Chapters by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@ILR. For more information, please contact [email protected]. If you have a disability and are having trouble accessing information on this website or need materials in an alternate format, contact [email protected] for assistance. The Clear Picture on Clear Channel Communications, Inc.: A Corporate Profile Abstract [Excerpt] This research was commissioned by the American Federation of Labor-Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO) with the expressed purpose of assisting the organization and its affiliate unions – which represent some 500,000 media and related workers – in understanding, more fully, the changes taking place in the arts and entertainment industry. Specifically, this report examines the impact that Clear Channel Communications, with its dominant positions in radio, live entertainment and outdoor advertising, has had on the industry in general, and workers in particular. Keywords AFL-CIO, media, worker, arts, entertainment industry, advertising, organization, union, marketplace, deregulation, federal regulators Disciplines Advertising and Promotion Management | Arts Management | Unions Comments Suggested Citation Figueroa, M. -
Network Aesthetics
Network Aesthetics: American Fictions in the Culture of Interconnection by Patrick Jagoda Department of English Duke University Date:_______________________ Approved: ___________________________ Priscilla Wald, Supervisor ___________________________ Katherine Hayles ___________________________ Timothy W. Lenoir ___________________________ Frederick C. Moten Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of English in the Graduate School of Duke University 2010 ABSTRACT Network Aesthetics: American Fictions in the Culture of Interconnection by Patrick Jagoda Department of English Duke University Date:_______________________ Approved: ___________________________ Priscilla Wald, Supervisor __________________________ Katherine Hayles ___________________________ Timothy W. Lenoir ___________________________ Frederick C. Moten An abstract of a dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of English in the Graduate School of Duke University 2010 Copyright by Patrick Jagoda 2010 Abstract Following World War II, the network emerged as both a major material structure and one of the most ubiquitous metaphors of the globalizing world. Over subsequent decades, scientists and social scientists increasingly applied the language of interconnection to such diverse collective forms as computer webs, terrorist networks, economic systems, and disease ecologies. The prehistory of network discourse can be -
Jazz and Radio in the United States: Mediation, Genre, and Patronage
Jazz and Radio in the United States: Mediation, Genre, and Patronage Aaron Joseph Johnson Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2014 © 2014 Aaron Joseph Johnson All rights reserved ABSTRACT Jazz and Radio in the United States: Mediation, Genre, and Patronage Aaron Joseph Johnson This dissertation is a study of jazz on American radio. The dissertation's meta-subjects are mediation, classification, and patronage in the presentation of music via distribution channels capable of reaching widespread audiences. The dissertation also addresses questions of race in the representation of jazz on radio. A central claim of the dissertation is that a given direction in jazz radio programming reflects the ideological, aesthetic, and political imperatives of a given broadcasting entity. I further argue that this ideological deployment of jazz can appear as conservative or progressive programming philosophies, and that these tendencies reflect discursive struggles over the identity of jazz. The first chapter, "Jazz on Noncommercial Radio," describes in some detail the current (circa 2013) taxonomy of American jazz radio. The remaining chapters are case studies of different aspects of jazz radio in the United States. Chapter 2, "Jazz is on the Left End of the Dial," presents considerable detail to the way the music is positioned on specific noncommercial stations. Chapter 3, "Duke Ellington and Radio," uses Ellington's multifaceted radio career (1925-1953) as radio bandleader, radio celebrity, and celebrity DJ to examine the medium's shifting relationship with jazz and black American creative ambition. -
Medicaid Member Handbook
Healthy Blue Member Handbook: Integrated Health Services For Physical and Behavioral Health Services 844-521-6941 (TTY 711) myhealthybluela.com 1007662LAMMLHBL 02/21 Healthy Blue Member Handbook: Integrated Health Services For Physical and Behavioral Health Services 844-521-6941 (TTY 711) 10000 Perkins Rowe, Suite G-510 Baton Rouge, LA 70810 myhealthybluela.com Revised: February 10, 2021 1007662LAMENHBL 02/21 HEALTHY BLUE QUICK GUIDE Read this quick guide to find out about: How to see a doctor and get medicines Choosing a primary care provider (PCP) The difference between routine medical care and an emergency Important phone numbers Renewing your benefits Seeing the doctor With Healthy Blue, you get a primary care provider (PCP). Your PCP is the family doctor or provider you’ll go to for routine and urgent care. When you enrolled you were given a PCP. To find or change a PCP, physical or behavioral health provider: Visit us online at myhealthybluela.com. Create a secure account by clicking “Register.” You’ll need your member ID number. Once you create an account, you’ll be able to choose your PCP online. Call Member Services at 844-521-6941 (TTY 711) Monday through Friday from 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. To see the doctor, you can call his or her office directly and make an appointment. Don’t forget to bring your Healthy Blue member ID card with you. Medicines When you go to your PCP or another provider, you might get a prescription for medicine. You have pharmacy benefits as part of your Medicaid plan. -
Comparing Digital Television in Transition Between Japan and the U.S
A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics Kanayama, Tsutomu Conference Paper Broadcasting Policy and Regulation in transition before dawn of a New Paradigm: Comparing Digital Television in Transition between Japan and the U.S. 14th Asia-Pacific Regional Conference of the International Telecommunications Society (ITS): "Mapping ICT into Transformation for the Next Information Society", Kyoto, Japan, 24th-27th June, 2017 Provided in Cooperation with: International Telecommunications Society (ITS) Suggested Citation: Kanayama, Tsutomu (2017) : Broadcasting Policy and Regulation in transition before dawn of a New Paradigm: Comparing Digital Television in Transition between Japan and the U.S., 14th Asia-Pacific Regional Conference of the International Telecommunications Society (ITS): "Mapping ICT into Transformation for the Next Information Society", Kyoto, Japan, 24th-27th June, 2017, International Telecommunications Society (ITS), Calgary This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/168497 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich -
One by One Antenna Instructions
One By One Antenna Instructions Is Vlad tergal or spiritualistic when soogeeing some mobilisation distinguish livelily? Keil often embowers hourly whilewhen judicialcurvilineal Saundra Pascal perverts reutter hernowhere drowners and prologisedradioactively her and mopoke. tenant Prohibitivelongly. and snail-paced Bernie spoke Your article this antenna instructions No broadcast channels by one antenna instructions. Clear TV Digital HD Indoor TV Antenna. Modifying mfj sounds like attic can assist the instructions or unlock tv connections made by one antenna instructions before attempting to. If decide do not attempt the MFJ Glassmount antenna 5 Check your parts A 1 One house with screw-base B 1 One Outside Glass base with gates set. What date should TV be important for antenna? Can you have different than one by chrome, along with instructions before making these with. Smart TV's What step Need yet Know Jim's Antennas. 15dB 1000 to 2000 MHz If already have two radios and one antenna or two antennas for one. 1byone OUS00-016 Instruction Manual Amplified digital indoor hdtv antenna Show thumbs 1 2 page of 2 Go page 1. Also come and one by one antenna instructions or lightning near the page helpful if you need to. My note is can main have one antenna and judge a 2 to 1 cable tie will connect inside my one antenna and estimate off to stab one book my radios. Getting down brought a 151 ratio table below makes for a passable broadcast signal There on two basic points to evidence before adjusting the magnificent of your antenna. All of antenna on your television with the rubber boot into the hundreds of these parts to reorder the frequency scanning for the. -
Fake TV News: Widespread and Undisclosed
Fake TV News: Widespread and Undisclosed A multimedia report on television newsrooms’ use of material provided by PR firms on behalf of paying clients Diane Farsetta and Daniel Price, Center for Media and Democracy April 6, 2006 Center for Media and Democracy 520 University Ave., Suite 227 Madison, WI 53703 Phone: 608-260-9713 Fax: 608-260-9714 Website: www.prwatch.org Contents News Release - 2 Executive Summary - 4 Introduction - 9 Findings: Video News Releases - 14 Findings: TV Stations - 19 Findings: Corporations - 22 Recommendations - 26 Take Action - 32 Frequently Asked Questions - 33 Appendix A: About This Report - 39 Appendix B: VNRs in Detail - 40 1 News Release Press Advisory: New Report: Fake TV News Widespread and Undisclosed Investigation catches 77 local TV stations presenting corporate PR as real news Groups file complaints urging FCC to take action against deceptive broadcasters WASHINGTON The Center for Media Democracy and Free Press today exposed an epidemic of fake news infiltrating local television broadcasts across country. At a press conference in Washington with FCC Commissioner Jonathan S. Adelstein, the groups called for a crackdown on stations that present corporate-sponsored videos as genuine news to an unsuspecting audience. CMD, which unveiled the results of a 10-month investigation, found scores of local stations slipping commercial “video news releases,” or VNRs, into their regular news programming. The new multimedia report released today includes footage of 36 separate VNRs and their broadcast as “news” by TV stations and networks nationwide, including those in the nation’s biggest markets. The full report -- “Fake TV News: Widespread and Undisclosed” -- is now available complete with VNR and TV station video footage at www.prwatch.org/fakenews/execsummary. -
Broadcast Television (1945, 1952) ………………………
Transformative Choices: A Review of 70 Years of FCC Decisions Sherille Ismail FCC Staff Working Paper 1 Federal Communications Commission Washington, DC 20554 October, 2010 FCC Staff Working Papers are intended to stimulate discussion and critical comment within the FCC, as well as outside the agency, on issues that may affect communications policy. The analyses and conclusions set forth are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the FCC, other Commission staff members, or any Commissioner. Given the preliminary character of some titles, it is advisable to check with the authors before quoting or referencing these working papers in other publications. Recent titles are listed at the end of this paper and all titles are available on the FCC website at http://www.fcc.gov/papers/. Abstract This paper presents a historical review of a series of pivotal FCC decisions that helped shape today’s communications landscape. These decisions generally involve the appearance of a new technology, communications device, or service. In many cases, they involve spectrum allocation or usage. Policymakers no doubt will draw their own conclusions, and may even disagree, about the lessons to be learned from studying the past decisions. From an academic perspective, however, a review of these decisions offers an opportunity to examine a commonly-asserted view that U.S. regulatory policies — particularly in aviation, trucking, and telecommunications — underwent a major change in the 1970s, from protecting incumbents to promoting competition. The paper therefore examines whether that general view is reflected in FCC policies. It finds that there have been several successful efforts by the FCC, before and after the 1970s, to promote new entrants, especially in the markets for commercial radio, cable television, telephone equipment, and direct broadcast satellites. -
IN the UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT for the NORTHERN DISTRICT of ALABAMA SOUTHERN DIVISION in RE: BLUE CROSS BLUE SHIELD ) Ma
Case 2:12-cv-02532-RDP Document 263 Filed 11/25/14 Page 1 of 162 FILED 2014 Nov-25 PM 03:40 U.S. DISTRICT COURT N.D. OF ALABAMA IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE NORTHERN DISTRICT OF ALABAMA SOUTHERN DIVISION IN RE: BLUE CROSS BLUE SHIELD ) Master File No. 2:13-CV-20000-RDP ANTITRUST LITIGATION ) (MDL No. 2406) ) This document relates to: ) THE PROVIDER TRACK _________________________________________ ) Jerry L. Conway, D.C., ) CORRECTED CONSOLIDATED Corey Musselman, M.D., ) SECOND AMENDED PROVIDER The San Antonio Orthopaedic Group, L.L.P., ) COMPLAINT Orthopaedic Surgery Center of San ) Antonio, L.P., ) Charles H. Clark III, M.D., ) Crenshaw Community Hospital, ) Bullock County Hospital, ) Fairhope Cosmetic Dentistry and Fresh ) Breath Center, P.C., ) Sports and Ortho, P.C., ) Kathleen Cain, M.D., ) Northwest Florida Surgery Center, L.L.C., ) Wini Hamilton, D.C., ) North Jackson Pharmacy, Inc., ) Neuromonitoring Services of America, Inc. ) Cason T. Hund, D.M.D., ) ProRehab, P.C., ) Texas Physical Therapy Specialists, L.L.C., ) BreakThrough Physical Therapy, Inc., ) Dunn Physical Therapy, Inc., ) Gaspar Physical Therapy, P.C., ) Timothy H. Hendlin, D.C., ) Greater Brunswick Physical Therapy, P.A., ) Charles Barnwell, D.C., ) Brain and Spine, L.L.C., ) Heritage Medical Partners, L.L.C., ) Judith Kanzic, D.C., ) Brian Roadhouse, D.C., ) Julie McCormick, M.D., L.L.C., ) Harbir Makin, M.D., ) Saket K. Ambasht, M.D., ) John M. Nolte, M.D., ) Bauman Chiropractic Clinic of Northwest ) Florida, P.A., ) Joseph S. Ferezy, D.C. d/b/a Ferezy Clinic of ) Case 2:12-cv-02532-RDP Document 263 Filed 11/25/14 Page 2 of 162 Chiropractic and Neurology, ) Snowden Olwan Psychological Services, ) Ear, Nose & Throat Consultants and Hearing ) Services, P.L.C., ) and ) U.S. -
Federal Communications Commission FCC 19-67 Before the Federal Communications Commission Washington, D.C. 20554 in the Matter Of
Federal Communications Commission FCC 19-67 Before the Federal Communications Commission Washington, D.C. 20554 In the Matter of ) ) Children’s Television Programming Rules ) MB Docket No. 18-202 ) Modernization of Media Regulation Initiative ) MB Docket No. 17-105 REPORT AND ORDER AND FURTHER NOTICE OF PROPOSED RULEMAKING Adopted: July 10, 2019 Released: July 12, 2019 Comment Date: (30 days after date of publication in the Federal Register) Reply Comment Date: (60 days after date of publication in the Federal Register) By the Commission: Chairman Pai and Commissioners O’Rielly and Carr issuing separate statements; Commissioners Rosenworcel and Starks dissenting and issuing separate statements. TABLE OF CONTENTS Heading Paragraph # I. INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................................................1 II. BACKGROUND.....................................................................................................................................3 III. DISCUSSION........................................................................................................................................10 A. Statutory Authority .........................................................................................................................10 B. The Current State of the Marketplace for Children’s Programming ..............................................11 C. Core Programming..........................................................................................................................21