DOCSLIB.ORG

Palaeobiological and Palaeonvironmental Significance of the Pliocene Trace Fossil Dactyloidites Peniculus

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Palaeobiological and Palaeonvironmental Significance of the Pliocene Trace Fossil Dactyloidites Peniculus Palaeobiological and palaeonvironmental significance of the Pliocene trace fossil Dactyloidites peniculus ALFRED UCHMAN and PETER PERVESLER Uchman, A. and Pervesler, P. 2007. Palaeobiological and palaeonvironmental significance of the Pliocene trace fossil Dactyloidites peniculus. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 52 (4): 799–808. The radial trace fossil Dactyloidites peniculus occurs in a deep tier in totally bioturbated shoreface sediments of Pliocene age in the Stirone Valley, N Italy, together with Thalassinoides isp. and Ophiomorpha nodosa. Long, narrow shafts run− ning from centre of the radiating structure and abundant faecal pellets in the radial structure were discovered. The trace maker of D. peniculus, probably a polychaete, deposited the pellets deeply in the sediment, probably for reinforcement of the tubes and a gardening of microbes for feeding. This trace fossil exclusively occurs within a narrow horizon at the top of a shallowing−up section interpreted as a high−stand system tract, below a discontinuity surface capped by finer sedi− ments. D. peniculus was formed in soft sandy sediments under stable conditions related to the latest phases of the high− stand system tract. Therefore, it is a candidate for indication of similar environmental situations having a soft sandy, but stable sea floor. Key words: Tracefossils,Dactyloidites, gardening, sequence stratigraphy, marine flooding, foredeep, Neogene, Pliocene. Alfred Uchman [[email protected]] Institute of Geological Sciences, Jagiellonian University, ul. Oleandry 2a, PL−30−063 Kraków, Poland; Peter Pervesler [[email protected]] Department of Palaeontology, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A−1090 Vienna, Austria. Introduction fill related to the Southern Alps and Apennines. The Late Pliocene sediments are interpreted as a regressive succession Dactyloidites peniculus, a radial trace fossil, has been de− deposited in the transition from outer to inner shelf (Domi− scribed by D’Alessandro and Bromley (1986) from Pleisto− nici 2001, 2004). cene shallow marine sediments of southern Italy. New field The Upper Pliocene–Lower Pleistocene sections along the observations of this trace fossil (second occurrence) from Late Stirone river valley have been investigated since the sixties Pliocene sediments in Emilia Romagna, Italy, are reported in with regard to their sedimentology, palaeoecology, micro− this study. This trace fossil occurs in a strictly defined horizon palaeontology, taphonomy and sequence stratigraphy (Pelosio in a shallowing−up sequence, what implies a narrow ecologi− 1960, 1964; Papani and Pelosio 1962; Pelosio and Raffi 1974, cal range. New morphological details, for instance a long ver− 1977; Iaccarino 1996; Mutti 1996; Molinari 1997; Mutti et al. tical shaft or the presence of faecal pellets, and the palaeo− 2000; Dominici 2001, 2004). However, there is not much in− environmental context shed new light on this poorly known formation about ichnology, although Dominici (2001) men− ichnospecies. A morphological and palaeoenvironmental ana− tioned some trace fossils. lysis of D. peniculus is the main aim of this paper. The studied trace fossil occurs in the 48.8–51 m interval in The Stirone section was studied during campaigns in July the more than 75 m−thick Stirone section (Figs. 1, 2). This sec− and September 2005 and September 2006. tion can be subdivided in two units separated by a discontinu− ity at 51 m of the section. The lower part of the lower unit con− Institutional abbreviation.—INGUJ, Institute of Geological sists of very fine−grained sands and silty very fine−grained Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland. sands with intercalated layers containing molluscs, mainly bi− valves in convex up orientation. The middle part of the unit displays similar grain sizes but is characterised by an increase Geological setting of shell and plant debris. The upper part of the lower unit shows a slight coarsening and a decreasing silt content up to The Late Pliocene to early Pleistocene sediments in the the discontinuity surface, which is covered by a thick silt inter− Western Emilia Romagna (Parma and Piacenza provinces) val (Fig. 3). Sediments below the discontinity are generally to− were deposited in the northwestern extension of the palaeo− tally bioturbated, except for the upper part where a few layers Adriatic Sea. They are part of the Po Plain−Adriatic Foredeep show a primary lamination. Acta Palaeontol. Pol. 52 (4): 799–808, 2007 http://app.pan.pl/acta52/app52−799.pdf 800 ACTA PALAEONTOLOGICA POLONICA 52 (4), 2007 Brooksella Walcott, 1896 and Haentzschelinia Vialov, 1964 Po River Piacenca in this ichnogenus and recognized three ichnospecies of Dac− tyloidites: D. asteroides Fitch, 1850, D. canyonensis Bassler, Arda River 1941, D. ottoi (Geinitz, 1849). D. peniculus D’Alessandro and Castell´Arquato Stirone River Bromley, 1986, and D. cabanasi (Meléndez in Cabanás, 1966) Scipione Ponte Parma (see Gámez Vintaned et al. 2006 for the latter) were distin− Salsomaggiore Terme guished latter. Fürsich and Bromley (1985) interpreted Dacty− loidites as a structure produced by worm−like organisms hav− 111 ing a proboscis used for reworking sediment from a central Section Stirone r e 75 m v i shaft. R It seems that trace fossils described under Dactyloidites 158 n e S t i r o Hall, 1866 require a revision. First of all, the type material of 124 Section Stirone San the type ichnospecies (Lower Cambrian of New York State), 0m Nicomede 143 which displays only a few rays of uneven width (see Häntz− schel 1975: fig. W88.7), requires a revision, but this was never 136 done. Vialov (1989) expressed his opinion that Haentzsche− Riverbed Forests linia Vialov, 1964 should be excluded from Dactyloidites sensu Fürsich and Bromley (1985), foremost because of the Scipione fact that the radial elements of Haentzschelinia, in contrast to Ponte 0 500 1000 2000 m those of Dactyloidites, are numerous and of constant width. Vialov (1989) argued also that Dactyloidites is much larger and Fig. 1. Location of the study area in the Stirone river valley close to San Nico− mede (Province of Parma, Italy). Arrows “Section Stirone 0 m” and “Section that its type material is confined to the Cambrian. Also Schwei− Stirone 75 m” point to the base and the top of the section shown in Fig. 2. gert (1998) separated Haentzschelinia and Dactyloidites on the basis that Dactyloidites is a fully radial star−shaped trace fossil and Haentzschelinia forms commonly only a half or three The interval with the trace fossil Dactyloidites peniculus quarters of a star. The diagnosis of Dactyloidites by Fürsich (48.8–51.00 m) is exclusively composed of very fine, com− and Bromley (1985) accentuates spreiten, however in D. peni− pletely bioturbated sand. The deep−tier trace fossil D. peni− culus (see the diagnosis and description below) only spreite− culus is filled mainly with fine−grained pelleted material. like structures are present. It is not excluded that the diagnosis Ophiomorpha, which occurs together with Dactyloidites dis− of Dactyloidites should be amended or D. peniculus should be plays a distinct wall, was produced in shifting sediment be− ascribed to different ichnogenus. All these problems are, how− fore formation of the discontinuity surface. The interval con− ever, beyond the scope of this paper and cannot be resolved tains a Thalassinoides boxwork that reaches deep into the without re−evaluating the type material of Dactyloidites. sediment below the discontinuity (Figs. 2, 3). The horizontal portions of Thalassinoides do not show any wall and they are Dactyloidites peniculus D’Alessandro and Bromley, only slightly compacted. These facts suggest that the Thalas− 1986 sinoides was produced in an already compacted sediment. It Figs. 4–6. is very probable that the Thalassinoides boxwork was for− med starting from the discontinuity surface. The boxwork *1986 Dactyloidites peniculus isp. nov.; D’Alessandro and Bromley 1986: 79, pl. 12: 3; pl. 13: 3. was partially cemented during sedimentation of higher sedi− ments. Chlamys layers, shell debris layers and a horizon with Amended diagnosis.—Simple, numerous and crowded cylin− transported but well−preserved Glycymeris shells cover the drical elements radiating laterally from a central shaft. They discontinuity surface. More than 11 metres of overlying silt form a radial pile arranged in a part or full circle brush−like and sandy silt with Pinna characterize a rising sea−level of a structure. The radial elements consist of tubes that can over− new depositional sequence. lap and form spreite−like structures. The tubes can be lined and irregularly coated with pellets. Material.—7 specimens, 5 thin sections, and numerous field Systematic ichnology observations documented by 88 photographs. Description.—A radial structure, which appears as an oblate Ichnogenus Dactyloidites Hall, 1866 ellipsoid of revolution in outline. It is 82 to 270 mm wide Type ichnospecies:?Buthotrephis asteroides Fitch, 1850; Lower Cam− (mean value 115.6 mm) and 42 to 120 mm high (mean value brian, New York State, USA. 77.3 mm). The radiating elements are thin, 4–5 mm thick, Diagnosis.—Vertical radial spreiten structure having central straight to curved, unbranched tubes. The tubes can coalesce, shaft (Fürsich and Bromley 1985). especially in their proximal parts (Figs. 4B, 5A). In vertical Remarks.—The ichnogenus Dactyloidites Hall, 1866 was re− section, the tubes may overlap partially and appear as indis− interpreted by Fürsich and Bromley (1985). They included tinct spreiten. The tubes run from the common centre. Some UCHMAN AND PERVESLER—PLIOCENE TRACE FOSSIL DACTYLOIDITES 801 Fig. 2. Schematic section showing the distribution of sediments types, body and trace fossils. Dactyloidites peniculus occurs close below the sequence boundary from 48.8 to 51.0 m. Grain size: Si, silt; Fs, fine sand; Cs, coarse sand. http://app.pan.pl/acta52/app52−799.pdf 802 ACTA PALAEONTOLOGICA POLONICA 52 (4), 2007 SequenceSequence boundaryboundary 0 1 2 33mm Sequence boundary 51 D D D D D D TThalassinoideshalassinoides bboxworkoxwork D Oph D D 50 Oph D D Oph D D D D Oph D D Oph D Oph Fig.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Earliest Bioturbators As Ecosystem Engineers
    Downloaded from http://sp.lyellcollection.org/ by guest on September 27, 2021 Engineering the Cambrian explosion: the earliest bioturbators as ecosystem engineers LIAM G. HERRINGSHAW1,2*, RICHARD H. T. CALLOW1,3 & DUNCAN MCILROY1 1Department of Earth Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Prince Philip Drive, St John’s, NL, A1B 3X5, Canada 2Geology, School of Environmental Sciences, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull HU6 7RX, UK 3Statoil ASA, Stavanger 4035, Norway *Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: By applying modern biological criteria to trace fossil types and assessing burrow mor- phology, complexity, depth, potential burrow function and the likelihood of bioirrigation, we assign ecosystem engineering impact (EEI) values to the key ichnotaxa in the lowermost Cambrian (Fortunian). Surface traces such as Monomorphichnus have minimal impact on sediment properties and have very low EEI values; quasi-infaunal traces of organisms that were surficial modifiers or biodiffusors, such as Planolites, have moderate EEI values; and deeper infaunal, gallery biodiffu- sive or upward-conveying/downward-conveying traces, such as Teichichnus and Gyrolithes, have the highest EEI values. The key Cambrian ichnotaxon Treptichnus pedum has a moderate to high EEI value, depending on its functional interpretation. Most of the major functional groups of mod- ern bioturbators are found to have evolved during the earliest Cambrian, including burrow types that are highly likely to have been bioirrigated. In fine-grained (or microbially bound) sedimentary environments, trace-makers of bioirrigated burrows would have had a particularly significant impact, generating advective fluid flow within the sediment for the first time, in marked contrast with the otherwise diffusive porewater systems of the Proterozoic.
    [Show full text]
  • MAY 2014 VOLUME 41, ISSUE 05 Canadian Publication Mail Contract – 40070050 MORE THAN MAPPING WANT to LIFT YOUR PETREL® WORKFLOWS to NEW HEIGHTS?
    20 Fossils Hunting for Provinces 28 Go Take a Hike 34 GeoConvention 2014: Focus 36 Bringing the Cretaceous Sea to Mount Royal University: A Proposal to Fund the East Gate Entrance Fossil Display $10.00 MAY 2014 VOLUME 41, ISSUE 05 Canadian Publication Mail Contract – 40070050 MORE THAN MAPPING WANT TO LIFT YOUR PETREL® WORKFLOWS TO NEW HEIGHTS? Seamlessly bring more data into the fold. Dynamically present your insight like never before. SOFTWARE SERVICES CONNECTIVITY DATA MANAGEMENT The Petrosys Plug-in for Petrel® gives you access to powerful Petrosys mapping, surface modeling and data exchange from right where you need it – inside Petrel. Now you have the power to effortlessly and meticulously bring your critical knowledge together on one potent mapping canvas. Work intuitively with your Petrel knowledge and, should you so require, simultaneously aggregate, map and model data direct from multiple other sources – OpenWorks®, ArcSDE®, IHS™ Kingdom®, PPDM™ and more. Refine, enhance and then present your results in beautiful, compelling detail. The result? Decision-making is accelerated through consistent mapping and surface modeling as focus moves from regional overview through to the field and reservoir scale. To learn more go to www.petrosys.com.au/petrel. Petrel is a registered trademark of Schlumberger Limited and/or its affiliates. OpenWorks is a registered trademark of Halliburton. ESRI trademarks provided under license from ESRI. IHS and Kingdom are trademarks or registered trademarks of IHS, Inc. PPDM is a trademark of the Professional Petroleum Data Management (PPDM) Association. MAY 2014 – VOLUME 41, ISSUE 05 ARTICLES Fossils Hunting for Provinces ..................................................................................................... 20 CSPG OFFICE Tools to Tackle the Riddle of the Sands ...............................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • PDF Linkchapter
    Index [Italic page numbers indicate major references] Abajo Mountains, 382, 388 Amargosa River, 285, 309, 311, 322, Arkansas River, 443, 456, 461, 515, Abort Lake, 283 337, 341, 342 516, 521, 540, 541, 550, 556, Abies, 21, 25 Amarillo, Texas, 482 559, 560, 561 Abra, 587 Amarillo-Wichita uplift, 504, 507, Arkansas River valley, 512, 531, 540 Absaroka Range, 409 508 Arlington volcanic field, 358 Acer, 21, 23, 24 Amasas Back, 387 Aromas dune field, 181 Acoma-Zuni scction, 374, 379, 391 Ambrose tenace, 522, 523 Aromas Red Sand, 180 stream evolution patterns, 391 Ambrosia, 21, 24 Arroyo Colorado, 395 Aden Crater, 368 American Falls Lava Beds, 275, 276 Arroyo Seco unit, 176 Afton Canyon, 334, 341 American Falls Reservoir, 275, 276 Artemisia, 21, 24 Afton interglacial age, 29 American River, 36, 165, 173 Ascension Parish, Louisana, 567 aggradation, 167, 176, 182, 226, 237, amino acid ash, 81, 118, 134, 244, 430 323, 336, 355, 357, 390, 413, geochronology, 65, 68 basaltic, 85 443, 451, 552, 613 ratios, 65 beds, 127,129 glaciofluvial, 423 aminostratigraphy, 66 clays, 451 Piedmont, 345 Amity area, 162 clouds, 95 aggregate, 181 Anadara, 587 flows, 75, 121 discharge, 277 Anastasia Formation, 602, 642, 647 layer, 10, 117 Agua Fria Peak area, 489 Anastasia Island, 602 rhyolitic, 170 Agua Fria River, 357 Anchor Silt, 188, 198, 199 volcanic, 54, 85, 98, 117, 129, Airport bench, 421, 423 Anderson coal, 448 243, 276, 295, 396, 409, 412, Alabama coastal plain, 594 Anderson Pond, 617, 618 509, 520 Alamosa Basin, 366 andesite, 75, 80, 489 Ash Flat, 364 Alamosa
    [Show full text]
  • Environmental Significance of Ophiomorpha in a Transgressive Regressive Sequence of the Spitsbergen Paleocene Jeno`` Nagy,1 Francisco J
    RESEARCH/REVIEW ARTICLE Environmental significance of Ophiomorpha in a transgressive regressive sequence of the Spitsbergen Paleocene Á Jeno`` Nagy,1 Francisco J. Rodrı´guez Tovar2 & Matı´as Reolid3 1 Department of Geosciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1047 Blindern, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway 2 Department of Stratigraphy and Paleontology, University of Granada, Campus Fuentenueva sn, ES-18071 Granada, Spain 3 Department of Geology, University of Jae´ n, Campus Las Lagunillas sn, ES-23071 Jae´ n, Spain Keywords Abstract Trace fossils; Paleocene; shoreface sandstones; brackish water; transgression The study focuses on occurrences of Ophiomorpha burrows in a transgressiveÁ signal. regressive succession composing the Early Paleocene Firkanten Formation deposited in paralic, prodelta to delta front conditions in the Central Basin Correspondence of Spitsbergen. The burrows colonize sandstones of the Todalen Member at Jeno`` Nagy, Department of Geosciences, four sites and belong to two ichnospecies: Ophiomorpha cf. nodosa, forming University of Oslo, PO Box 1047 Blindern, dominantly vertical shafts; and O. cf. irregulaire, consisting of horizontal sinuous NO-0316 Oslo, Norway. tunnels ending in subconical shafts. Both species are observed in shoreface E-mail: [email protected] sandstones deposited as a barrier bar. Lithological features and stratigraphic positions suggest that the trace-makers preferentially colonized high-energy sand environments. Foraminiferal faunas occurring below and above the barrier sandstones indicate brackish water conditions for the Ophiomorpha levels, which accordingly are of restricted, monospecific nature. It is inferred that the trace-makers had a dominantly suspension feeding habit as a modern analogue Calianassa major. Portrayed in a sequence stratigraphic framework, the Ophiomorpha-bearing sandstones in middle reaches of the Central Basin were deposited in the final stage of the transgressive systems tract, which drowned the underlying coal-bearing paralic facies.
    [Show full text]
  • Stratigraphy of the Cretaceous Rocks and the Tertiary Ojo Alamo Sandstone, Navajo and Hopi Indian Reservations, Arizona, New Mexico, and Utah
    Stratigraphy of the Cretaceous Rocks and the Tertiary Ojo Alamo Sandstone, Navajo and Hopi Indian Reservations, Arizona, New Mexico, and Utah GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 521-E Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of .Indian -L1Jfairs and the Navajo Tribe ;. ~:0 ..J :i.ui._lll{c,/1 II- Stratigraphy of the Cretaceous > Rocks and the Tertiary Ojo I Alamo Sandstone, Navajo and .. .... Hopi Indian Reservations, .. Arizona, New Mexico, and Utah By R. B. O'SULLIVAN, C. A. REPENNING, E. C. BEAUMONT, and H. G. PAGE HYDROGEOLOGY OF THE NAVAJO AND HOPI INDIAN RESERVATIONS, ARIZONA, NEW MEXICO, AND UTAH GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 521-E Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Indian Affairs and the Navajo Tribe .I .. UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1972 ~· ·. UN.ITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR ROGERS C. B. MORTON, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY W. A. Radlinski, Acting Director Library of Congress catalog-card No. 76-180659 ·~ For sale by the Sup~rintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402- (paper cover) Stock Number 2401-1184 CONTENTS Page Page Abst1·act ------------------------------------------ El Upper Cretaceous rocks-Continued Introduction -------------------------------------­ 2 Mesaverde Group-Continued Location and land-net system ------------------ 2 Lower part of the Mesaverde Group in San Present work -------------------------------­ 3 Juan Basin-Continued Previous investigations and nomenclature ------ 5 Crevasse Canyon Formation ---------- E31 Lower
    [Show full text]
  • Mesa Verde National Park Paleontological Resource Inventory (Non-Sensitive Version)
    National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Natural Resource Stewardship and Science Mesa Verde National Park Paleontological Resource Inventory (Non-Sensitive Version) Natural Resource Report NPS/MEVE/NRR—2017/1550 ON THE COVER An undescribed chimaera (ratfish) egg capsule of the ichnogenus Chimaerotheca found in the Cliff House Sandstone of Mesa Verde National Park during the work that led to the production of this report. Photograph by: G. William M. Harrison/NPS Photo (Geoscientists-in-the-Parks Intern) Mesa Verde National Park Paleontological Resources Inventory (Non-Sensitive Version) Natural Resource Report NPS/MEVE/NRR—2017/1550 G. William M. Harrison,1 Justin S. Tweet,2 Vincent L. Santucci,3 and George L. San Miguel4 1National Park Service Geoscientists-in-the-Park Program 2788 Ault Park Avenue Cincinnati, Ohio 45208 2National Park Service 9149 79th St. S. Cottage Grove, Minnesota 55016 3National Park Service Geologic Resources Division 1849 “C” Street, NW Washington, D.C. 20240 4National Park Service Mesa Verde National Park PO Box 8 Mesa Verde CO 81330 November 2017 U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Natural Resource Stewardship and Science Fort Collins, Colorado The National Park Service, Natural Resource Stewardship and Science office in Fort Collins, Colorado, publishes a range of reports that address natural resource topics. These reports are of interest and applicability to a broad audience in the National Park Service and others in natural resource management, including scientists, conservation and environmental constituencies, and the public. The Natural Resource Report Series is used to disseminate comprehensive information and analysis about natural resources and related topics concerning lands managed by the National Park Service.
    [Show full text]
  • Marine and Transitional Middle/Upper Eocene Units of the Southeastern Pyrenean Foreland Basin (NE Spain)
    Geologica Acta, Vol.1, Nº2, 2003, 177-200 Available online at www.geologica-acta.com Marine and Transitional Middle/Upper Eocene Units of the Southeastern Pyrenean Foreland Basin (NE Spain) J. SERRA-KIEL1 A. TRAVÉ 2 E. MATÓ 3 E. SAULA3 C. FERRÀNDEZ-CAÑADELL 1 P. BUSQUETS 1 J. TOSQUELLA 4 and J. VERGÉS 5 1 Departament d’Estratigrafia, Paleontologia i Geociències Marines. Grup de Recerca Consolidat de Geodinàmica i Anàlisi de Conques. Facultat de Geologia. Universitat de Barcelona. Zona Universitària de Pedralbes, 08028 Barcelona 2 Departament de Geoquímica, Petrologia i Prospecció Geològica, Facultat de Geologia. Universitat de Barcelona. Zona Universitària de Pedralbes, 08028 Barcelona 3 Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya, Servei Geològic de Catalunya. Parc de Montjuïc s/n, 08038 Barcelona 4 Departamento de Geodinámica y Paleontología, Universidad de Huelva. Campus Universitario de La Rábida, 21819 Palos de la Frontera, Huelva 5 Institut de Ciències de la Terra “Jaume Almera”, CSIC. Solé i Sabarís s/n, 08028 Barcelona ABSTRACT The stratigraphic basis of this work has allowed the use of larger foraminifers in the biostratigraphic characteri- sation of the new Shallow Benthic Zones (SBZ). This part of the volume presents a description of the sedimen- tary cycles formed by the transgressive-regressive systems of the Lutetian and Bartonian in the southeastern sec- tor of the Ebro Foreland Basin. Concerning the Lutetian deposits studied in the Amer-Vic and Empordà areas, four sedimentary cycles have been characterised. The first and second are found within the Tavertet/Girona Limestone Formation (Reguant, 1967; Pallí, 1972), while the third and fourth cycles cover the Coll de Malla Marl Formation (Clavell et al., 1970), the Bracons Formation (Gich, 1969, 1972), the Banyoles Marl Formation (Almela and Ríos, 1943), and the Bellmunt Formation (Gich, 1969, 1972).
    [Show full text]
  • Trace Fossils
    Trace Fossils Paleontology Geology 331 Characteristics of Trace Fossils that make them valuable in Paleoecology • Long Time Range – allows rocks of widely different ages to be compared. • Narrow Facies Range – most trace fossils are found in their preferred environment. • No Secondary Displacement – can not be transported like body fossils. Cubichnia = Resting Repichnia = Crawling Pascichnia = Grazing Agrichnia = Farming Fodinichnia = Deposit Feeding Dwelling = Domichnia Fugichnia = Escape The behavioral classification of trace fossils, showing the major categories, and some typical examples of each. Illustrated ichnogenera are: 1, Cruziana; 2, Anomoepus; 3, Cosmorhaphe; 4, Paleodicyton; 5, Phycosiphon; 6, Zoophycos; 7, Thalassinoides; 8, Ophiomorpha; 9, Diplocraterion; 10, Gastrochaenolites; 11, Asteriacites; 12, Rusophycus. (Based on Ekdale et al. 1984.) Terminology for trace fossil preservation, depending on the relationship of the trace to sediment horizons. (Based on Ekdale et al. 1984.) One trace fossil may be produced by many different organisms. Here, all the traces are resting impressions, cubichnia, of the ichnogenus Rusophycus, produced by (a) the polychaete worm Aphrodite, (b) a nassid snail, (c) a notostracan branchiopod shrimp, and (d) a trilobite. (Based on Ekdale et al. 1984.) Ichnofacies Freshwater Marine Hardgrounds and Soft marine sediments Firmgrounds and Shoreface Skolithos burrows, Miss., WV. Skolithos Ichnfacies Formation clues: Skolithos burrows in Aladdin Sandstone, Black Hills, SD Skolithos trace fossils in the Cambrian of Wyoming Arenicola, sediment casings, and it’s burrow opening Ophiomorpha gallery of burrows. Eocene of Mississippi. Skolithos Ichnofacies Callianassa or Ghost Shrimp Callianassa shrimp mounds: origin of Ophiomorpha. Tidal flat, Florida Keys. Trilobite traces, Cruziana Ichnofacies Rusophycus, resting Cruziana, crawling Diplichnites, walking Arthrophycus, Silurian.
    [Show full text]
  • Ichnofabrics Containing Ophiomorpha: Significance in Shallow-Water Facies Interpretation
    Journal of the Geological Society, London, Vol. 150, 1993, pp. 149-164, 9 figs. Printed in Northern Ireland Ichnofabrics containing Ophiomorpha: significance in shallow-water facies interpretation J.E. POLLARD ~,R.GOLDRING 2&S. G.BUCK 3 1Department of Geology, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK 2postgraduate Research Institute for Sedimentology, University of Reading, PO Box 227, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 2AB, UK 3Z & S Geology Ltd, Glover Pavillion, Campus 2, Aberdeen Science & Technology Park, Balgownie Road, Bridge of Don, Aberdeen AB22 8GW, UK Abstract: In an attempt to interpret Ophiomorpha ichnofabrics observed in core, three ichnofabrics are described from outcrops where O. nodosa is a conspicuous element. These ichnofabrics enable sandy shoreline sedimentary environments to be characterized and differentiated: (1) shoreface with mottled- Ophiomorpha-Planolites ichnofabric generally without primary lamination; (2) offshore tidal shelf sand wave facies with Macaronichnus-Ophiomorpha ichnofabric associated with primary, mainly cross- laminated or cross-bedded sands; (3) estuarine facies with Ophiomorpha ichnofabric associated with pri- mary lamination and, commonly, heterolithic sands and mudstones. Distinctions between the ichnofabrics are attributed to differences in primary stratification, the total ichnocoenoses, morphological features (such as burrow attitude, shaft restriction, pellet wall lining), to the nature of the substrate and, particu- larly, to the time available for colonization (larval settlement or relocation) and burrow construction, referred to here as the colonization window• The analysis is applied to an interval of core (Upper Jurassic, Central Graben, North Sea) and a sequence in Eocene sediments in southern England. Ophiomorpha nodosa Lundgren is one of the most widely 20mm quoted and widely known trace fossils.
    [Show full text]
  • Mid-Carboniferous Diversification of Continental Ecosystems Inferred from Trace Fossil Suites in the Tynemouth Creek Formation of New Brunswick, Canada
    ÔØ ÅÒÙ×Ö ÔØ Mid-Carboniferous diversification of continental ecosystems inferred from trace fossil suites in the Tynemouth Creek Formation of New Brunswick, Canada Howard J. Falcon-Lang, Nicholas J. Minter, Arden R. Bashforth, Martin R. Gibling, Randall F. Miller PII: S0031-0182(15)00486-1 DOI: doi: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2015.09.002 Reference: PALAEO 7449 To appear in: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology Received date: 8 July 2015 Revised date: 31 August 2015 Accepted date: 1 September 2015 Please cite this article as: Falcon-Lang, Howard J., Minter, Nicholas J., Bashforth, Arden R., Gibling, Martin R., Miller, Randall F., Mid-Carboniferous diversification of conti- nental ecosystems inferred from trace fossil suites in the Tynemouth Creek Formation of New Brunswick, Canada, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology (2015), doi: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2015.09.002 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT Mid-Carboniferous diversification of continental ecosystems inferred from trace fossil suites in the Tynemouth Creek Formation of New Brunswick, Canada Howard J. Falcon-Lang 1, *, Nicholas J. Minter 2, Arden R. Bashforth 3, 4, Martin R. Gibling 5, Randall F. Miller 6 1 Department of Earth Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, U.K.
    [Show full text]
  • Regional Geochemical Mapping of The
    University of Texas at El Paso DigitalCommons@UTEP Open Access Theses & Dissertations 2016-01-01 Regional Geochemical Mapping Of The upS erior Upland Province; Ichnology Of The rC etaceous Mesilla Valley Formation, Cerro De Cristo Rey; A New Ichnospecies Of Cardioichnus From The Cretaceous (albian) Of New Mexico; A Pedagogy For The eC rro De Cristo Rey Tracksite; Walking In The oF otprints Of Dino Eric J. Kappus University of Texas at El Paso, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.utep.edu/open_etd Part of the Geochemistry Commons, Geology Commons, and the Paleontology Commons Recommended Citation Kappus, Eric J., "Regional Geochemical Mapping Of The uS perior Upland Province; Ichnology Of The rC etaceous Mesilla Valley Formation, Cerro De Cristo Rey; A New Ichnospecies Of Cardioichnus From The rC etaceous (albian) Of New Mexico; A Pedagogy For The eC rro De Cristo Rey Tracksite; Walking In The ootF prints Of Dino" (2016). Open Access Theses & Dissertations. 673. https://digitalcommons.utep.edu/open_etd/673 This is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@UTEP. It has been accepted for inclusion in Open Access Theses & Dissertations by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UTEP. For more information, please contact [email protected]. REGIONAL GEOCHEMICAL MAPPING OF THE SUPERIOR UPLAND PROVINCE; ICHNOLOGY OF THE CRETACEOUS MESILLA VALLEY FORMATION, CERRO DE CRISTO REY; A NEW ICHNOSPECIES OF CARDIOICHNUS FROM THE CRETACEOUS (ALBIAN) OF NEW MEXICO; A PEDAGOGY FOR THE CERRO DE CRISTO REY TRACKSITE; WALKING IN THE FOOTPRINTS OF DINOSAURS: TEACHING SENSE OF PLACE IN EL PASO, TX ERIC KAPPUS Doctoral Program in the Department of Geological Sciences APPROVED: Philip Goodell, Ph.D., Chair Richard Langford, Ph.D.
    [Show full text]
  • Fossils of the Cretaceous Cliff House Sandstone, Mesa Verde National Park
    National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Natural Resource Stewardship and Science Mesa Verde National Park Guide to the Fossils of the Cretaceous Cliff House Sandstone ON THE COVER Stelleroidea, a fossil starfish from the Cretaceous Cliff House Sandstone of Mesa Verde National Park, Colorado. Photo by Bianca Santucci. Mesa Verde National Park Guide to the Fossils of the Cretaceous Cliff House Sandstone Vincent L. Santucci1 and Justin S. Tweet2 1National Park Service Geologic Resources Division 1849 “C” Street, NW Washington, D.C. 20240 2National Park Service 9149 79th St. S. Cottage Grove, Minnesota 5501 December 2020 U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Natural Resource Stewardship and Science Fort Collins, Colorado iv Contents Page Figures................................................................................................................................................... vi Tables ................................................................................................................................................... vii Fossils of the Cretaceous Cliff House Sandstone, Mesa Verde National Park ...................................... 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 1 Pre-construction Paleontological Resource Assessment ................................................................ 1 Geology .........................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]