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137-144. New Hemiplecta Biodiversity Journal , 2012, 3 (2): 137-144 A new species of Hemiplecta Albers, 1850 (Gastropoda, Pul - monata, Ariophantidae) from Sumatra, Indonesia David P. Cilia 1* & John Abbas 2 1 29, Triq il-Palazz l-Aħmar, Santa Venera, Malta 28, Jalan Demaga Baru, Muara Angke, Jakarta Utara Pos 14450, Jakarta, Indonesia *Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT The ariophantid Hemiplecta belerang sp. nov. from South Sumatra is described in this paper. It is compared with its closest congeners, from which it is geographically and reproductively isolated. KEY WORDS Ariophantidae; Hemiplecta belerang n. sp.; Sumatra; Indonesia. Received 03.06.2012; accepted 21.06.2012; printed 30.06.2012 INTRODUCTION d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France (MNHN); Na - tural History Museum, London, United Kingdom The family Ariophantidae Godwin-Austen, (NHMUK); National Museum of Natural History, 1888 is nested within the limacoid clade of pulmo - Mdina, Malta (NMNH); Zoological Department nates and is native to south-east Asia and India of Tel Aviv University, Israel (TAU); Institut für (Hausdorf, 2000). Evolutionsbiologie und Umweltwissenschaften/ The family includes the genus Hemiplecta Al - Zoologisches Museum Universität Zürich-Irchel, bers, 1850, a group of medium to large-sized Switzerland (ZMZ). ground-inhabiting snails (Boonngam et al., 2008; Morphology and anatomy. DG = dart gland; Schilthuizen, 2008), and the Sumatran representa - DGR = dart gland retractor muscle; D = diameter; tives include H. abbasi Maassen, 2009, H. goliath E = epiphallus; EC = epiphallic caecum; F = fla - van Benthem Jutting, 1959, H. humphreysiana gellum; GA = genital atrium; H = height; ht = ho - (Lea, 1840), H. obliquata (Reeve, 1852) and H. lotype; P = penis; PRM = penial retractor muscle; obliqueundulata van Benthem Jutting, 1959 (see S = spermatheca; sd = standard deviation; U = um - van Benthem Jutting, 1959; Dharma, 2005; Maas - bilicus; V = vagina; VD = was deferens; x = mean sen, 2009). value. A new species belonging to the genus collected from a forest boundary west of Mount Sekincau in Lampung (Sumatra) is described in this paper. MATERIALS AND METHODS ACRoNyMS . Depositories: collection of Barna Páll-Gergely, Mosonmagyaróvár, Hungary (BP); 11 specimens of the new species were analyzed collection of David P. Cilia, Santa Venera, Malta for key morphological and biometric features of (DC); Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, shells and animals. Illinois (FMNH); Hebrew University of Jerusa - The mean value of two readings for height, dia - lem, Israel (HUJ); collection of John Abbas, Ja - meter and umbilical width for adult specimens was karta, Indonesia (JA); Muséum National taken using a dial caliper of a resolution of 50 µm. 138 DAviD P. C iliA & J ohn AbbAs Results were rounded off to the nearest 0.1 mm; the couple of whorls, beyond which it fades into the umbilical width was measured by inserting the ca - base colouration. The lowermost band is the faintest liper inside the umbilicus and taking into account of the three. Whorl number is 5.5, and microscul - only the ultimate whorl. Whorls were counted, in - pture consisting of intricate rugose malleation with cluding the nucleus. a slight emphasis on concentric furrows characteri - Statistical data was used and compared with zes the outermost 1.5 whorls. Towards the aperture, peculiar morphological characteristics of other especially on the ventral side, faintly impressed Hemiplecta species to allow for differential ana - growth striae with highly irregular spacing and pro - lysis. Alcohol-preserved specimens were dissected minence become more evident than these spiral fur - to allow examination of genitalia; for this, the no - rows. Low-profile apex and moderately convex menclature of reproductive anatomical structures whorls, the suture between which is delineated by follows Maassen (2009) and Schileyko (2003). a very thin dark brown band mostly discernible on Systematics in the present paper follow Bouchet the final whorl. Very small umbilicus, about 4% of & Rocroi (2005). the maximum diameter of the shell, containing an insertion of the columellar side of the peristome, flushed with a dark brown that abruptly fades out RESULTS onto the ventral side. Aperture an oblique oblong except for its columellar attachment, which in aper - SySTEMATICS tural view departs in a diagonal straight line from the umbilicus before rounding off sharply. Peri - Superfamily Helicarionoidea Bourguignat, 1877 stome interrupted, thin, non-reflected and with very Family Ariophantidae Godwin-Austen, 1888 slight, homogenous thickening. Internal aspect Subfamily Ariophantinae Godwin-Austen, 1888 white with a pearly lustre, the three main brown Genus Hemiplecta Albers, 1850 bands showing through. Type species Helix humphreysiana Lea, 1840 Animal. orange-brown body with dark brown foot, and grey to black tentacles with a very pale pink-orange tip. Hemiplecta belerang n. sp. Genitalia (Figs. 5-8). The right ommatophoral retractor crosses the genitalia, running between the ExAMINED MATERIAL . Holotypus, limits of forest male and female genital tracts. The penis is cylin - on Mount Sekincau, north Lampung, south Suma - drical and much shorter than the epiphallus, with its tra, Indonesia (-05°01'15"N, 104°15'37"E), at an al - inner wall featuring several tubercles (Fig. 6). titude of c. 1000m above sea level, leg. J. Abbas The penial papilla is very short (Fig. 7). At the (NHMUK 20120045). Paratypi (10 specimens), distal part of the penis, just before the penial papilla, same data as holotype: DC RG1828 (1 specimen); the tuberculated inner surface is crinkled (Fig. 7). HUJ 53491 (1 specimen); JA unreg. (1 specimen); This crinkled structure is not visible from the out - NHMUK 20120046 (2 specimens); MNHN 25050 side, and the penial sheath remains smooth. The pe - (2 specimens); NMNH unreg. (1 specimen); FMNH nial retractor inserts at a slender and rather long 328341 (1 specimen); BP unreg. (1 specimen). caecum halfway along the epiphallus. The retractor DESCRIPTIoN oF HoLoTyPUS . Shell dextral, 38 is about 2.5 times longer than the epiphallic caecum. mm wide, 26 mm high, well-rounded and thin shell, There are high parallel folds running on the inner more wide than tall (Fig. 1). Pale yellow-brown wall of the epiphallus, with lower folds in between base colour with a beige periostracum, with three (Figs. 7, 8). The flagellum is short and conical. The narrow dark brown spiral stripes, the middle of linear folds of the inner surface of the epiphallus be - which lies at the periphery of the whorls. The upper came rather irregularly wrinkled in the flagellum boundary of the central band coincides with a very (Fig. 8). There is a slender axial thread in the lumen slight thickening on the shell, and is concealed wi - of the flagellum attached at the end of the flagellum thin the shell from the penultimate whorl inwards; (Fig. 8). The vas deferens enters the epiphallus late - the uppermost band is only evident on the outer rally. The vagina is about as long as the penis. A new species of hemiplecta Albers, 1850 (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Ariophantidae) from Sumatra, Indonesia 139 Figures 1-4. Shell of Hemiplecta belerang sp. nov., limits of forest on Mount Sekincau, north Lampung, south Sumatra, In - donesia (-05°01'15"N, 104°15'37"E). Fig. 1: holotype (NHMUK 20120045). Fig. 2: paratype 1 (FMNH 328341). Fig. 3: paratype 4 (DC RG1828). Fig. 4: paratype 7 (MNHN 25050). 140 DAviD P. C iliA & J ohn AbbAs The spermatheca is long and thin, not conspi - is found around or at the base of small bushes in cuous compared to the rest of the structure, while humid and mossy areas. No individuals occur in the the dart gland is extremely long and thick, with a more densely forested parts. Similar to congeners short retractor muscle attached at its end. (Mienis, 2010), H. belerang is a herbivore and a fa - Radula (Figs. 9-11). Teeth packed in neat, sli - cultative detritivore. ghtly undulating rows. The central teeth are flat and CoMPARATIVE NoTES . The shell of the new spe - ovate, ending in a blunt “V”-shape, and about 75 cies is typical Hemiplecta , but smaller than all other µm tall and 25 µm wide (Fig. 10). Marginal teeth species yet known from Sumatra. The largest, are about half as wide and somewhat more pointed, which is Hemiplecta goliath van Benthem Jutting, in profile vaguely resembling a very flattened 1959, together with Hemiplecta humphreysiana “W”- shape (Fig. 11). Transitional lateral teeth are (Lea, 1840) have smoother surfaces, more obvious present in between the two. carinae and rather flat whorls, not to mention com - VARIABILITy . The specimens examined are 36- pletely different forms. From Collinge (1902) it can 41 mm wide and 25-28 mm high (see Tab. 1 for de - also be seen that the vagina and oviduct of H. hum - tails; Figs 2-4). The lowermost band on the shell phreysiana are very long, as are the penis, the epi - may feature blurred edges, in some instances almost phallus and the vas deferens. H. abbasi Maassen, extending to and blending with the central band; ho - 2009 is darker-coloured with a larger umbilicus (6% of maximum shell diameter in five topotypes stu - wever, a colour gradient between the two is present died); anatomically, the new species has longer epi - without exception. The shade of colour contained phallic caecum and vas deferens, thinner in the umbilicus is not a consistent feature, howe - spermatheca, a narrower spermoviduct and a rela - ver, it is always darker than the base colour. tively larger dart sac. Both shell and genital charac - ETyMoLoGy . The name is derived from the Be - ters make it clear that H. belerang and H. abbasi lirang-Beriti volcanic complex, within which the are more closely related to each other than any of known range of the species occurs. ‘Belerang’ also them is to H. humphreysiana . means ‘sulphur’ in Indonesian, reminding one of H. obliqueundulata van Benthem Jutting, 1959 the pale yellow-brown base colour of the shell.
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