DOCSLIB.ORG

Cultural Studies, Romanticism, and the New Media J. David Black A

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Cultural Studies, Romanticism, and the New Media J. David Black A Wiring Birmingham: Cultural Studies, Romanticism, and the New Media J. David Black A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies in partial f'hlfilment ofthe requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Graduate Programme in Social and Political Thought York University North York, Ontario May 1999 National Library Bibliotheque nationale I*m of Canada du Canada Acquisitions and Acquisitions et Bibliographic Services services bibliographiques 395 Wellington Street 395. rue Wellington OtiawaON KlAON4 Ottawa ON K1A ON4 Canada Canada The author has granted a non- L'auteur a accorde melicence non exclusive licence allowing the exclusive permettant a la National Library of Canada to Bibliotheque nationale du Canada de reproduce, loan, distribute or sell reproduire, preter, distibuer ou copies of this thesis in microform, vendre des copies de cette these sous paper or electronic formats. la forme de microfiche/film, de reproduction sur papier ou sur fonnat Bectronique. The author retains ownership of the L'auteur conserve la propnete du copyright in this thesis. Neither the droit d'auteur qui protege cette these. thesis nor substantial extracts flom it Ni la these ni des extraits substantiels may be printed or otherwise de celle-ci ne doivent etre imprimes reproduced without the author's ou autrement reproduits sans son permission. autorisation. Wiring Birmingham: Cultural Studies, Romanticism, and the New Media by John David Black a dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies of York University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY 0 Permission has been granted to the LIBRARY OF YORK UNIVERSITY to lend or sell copies of this dissertation, to the NATIONAL LIBRARY OF CANADA to microfilm this dissertation and to lend or sell copies of the film, and to UNIVERSITY MICROFILMS to publish an abstract of this dissertation. The author reserves other publication rights, and neither the dissertation nor extensive extracts from it may be printed or otherwise reproduced without the author's written permission. iv Abstract Romanticism, a literary and philosophical tradition developed primarily in Germany and England at the turn of the nineteenth century, has recently been the subject of scholarly attention aimed at restoring its contemporary relevance to media and cultural criticism. Cultural studies, an interdisciplinary intellectual movement with singular Romantic origins, is adapted as a vehicle for making this inchoate effort at "using" Romanticism comprehensive. Arguing that cultural studies has overidentified with Enlightenment or rationalist sources in social theory at the risk of reification, and that competing post- industrial and post-structuralist critical traditions have preempted cultural studies in the study of important subject areas, this adaptation has two principal aims. First, it demonstrates how Romanticism has been generally suppressed or appropriated by rival theoretical traditions, and how Romanticism as a form of %on-reifjling modernism" can be of general benefit to cultural studies. Romanticism, that is, offers cultural studies a theoretical language that is modem, yet sensitive to the conditions and phenomena such as the image, subjectivity and the "information society" which theory identified with postmodernity has claimed for its own. Returned to its Romantic origins, cultural studies is reconnected with modem intellectual history so as to greatly expand its theoretical range beyond the terms established by Enlightenment rationalism. Second, to ground the argument for romantic renewal in actual criticism, a platform v for the more systematic use of Romanticism is provided, using Romantic concepts relating to language, the body, the nature of community, the sublime and social totality, among others, as the basis. These Romantic concepts are then applied to enduring and related issues in cultural studies, including the nature of the aesthetic, ideology and discourse, then digital media and political economy. Taken together, this romantic criticism is organized in what amounts to a prototype for a romantic theory of media and culture. The argument concludes by offering that cultural studies, its authenticity and relevance challenged by critics both inside and outside the project, finds in a newly adapted romanticism a vocabulary and sensibility necessary to understanding conditions that are not intelligible on rational terms alone. Acknowledgments There is a romantic in all of us. Those who supported this project, and like it or not, had to embrace the redeeming power of Romanticism in their lives, are to be commended for their forbearance and good humour. The roIl of honourary Romantics is long, but this present list is of necessity a short one. To anyone who contributed to the cause and is not thanked here, my deepest gratitude. First, my committee members, and notably my supervisor, Dr. Ioan Davies, who introduced me to Birmingham long ago. Then Dr. Brian Singer and Dr. Ian Balfour, whose professionalism in the face of an unusually interdisciplinary project was remarkable. Alan O'Comor, Janine Marchessault, and Ted Window provided me with a defense worthy of the name. Judith Hawley, administrative assistant in the Graduate Programme in Social and Political Thought, managed small bureaucratic miracles that made this project so much more humane. Next, my immediate family, namely my mother Edna Magee and brother Darren Black for volunteering both economic support and unconditional love during these long years of apprenticeship, and my extended family in Cardinal. Special thanks to Peggy for being there first. Third, fiends and former teachers who simultaneously demonstrated the point about Romantic genius and the exotic nature of the real: Drs. Hamet and Andrew Lyons; Dr. John Chamberlin; Dr. Iwona Irwin-Zarecka; and Michelle, Elizabeth, Hanna, Theresa, Valerie, Rob and Christina. And last, to my students these past seven years in the Communication Studies Program at Wilfiid Laurier University. This dissertation is dedicated to the Iate John Henry Black. vii Table of Contents Abstract Acknowledgments Table of Contents iv-vii Introduction Wiring Birmingham 1-18 Chapter One The Education of Desire: Romanticizing Cultural Studies 19-54 Chapter Two Key Concepts in Cultural Studies and Media Theory: A Romantic Reconsideration 55-109 Chapter Three The Powers of Mind: Post-industrial and Post-structuraIist Theories of New Media 110-156 Chapter Four The Politics of Enchantment: Misusing Romanticism 157-184 Chapter Five The Ghost in the Machine: Some Problems in Media Research 185-217 Chapter Six "Information Wants to Be Free": A Romantic Approach to New Media 2 18-263 Chapter Seven The Corporate Sublime: Toward a Cultural Studies of Political Economy 264-30 1 Conclusion Wrestling with the Angels 302-305 References 306-3 19 Introduction Wiring Birmingham "England's second largest city may fairly lay claim as the birthplace of the Industrial Revolution. James Watt first hatched in Birmingham the profitable application of the steam engine to mine the country's Black Country. Watt and other famous 18th century members of the Lunar Society regularly met under a fill moon in the nearby Soho mansion of manufacturer Matthew Boulton. Together-Watt, Boulton, and other 'lunatics' such as Joseph Priestly, Charles Darwin and Josiah Wedgewood cheefilly called themselves-- launched the revolution that thrust not only England but the world into our modem technological era." Frommer 's England From $60 a Day, page 5 14 Binningham, home to the Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies since its founding at the city's university in 1964, must have seemed a strange place to imagine the fbture of media and culturai criticism. Workshop to the world in the nineteenth century, Birmingham was a rusting hulk in the post-World War 11 period, a showcase of post- industrial malaise that recommended the traveller look backward if at all. The project of making the media and cultural theory developed by E.P.Thompson, Raymond Williams, Stuart Hall and other naturalized "Brumrnies" relevant to the so-called "new" or digital media, such as personal computers and the Internet, sympathizes with an anachronism so characteristically British.' Just as they brought a critical sensibility more comfortable with ruined castles than office towers to bear on twentieth century culture, so does this project look to rethink cultural studies by reference to its own intellectual past, and by rethinking, to prepare it for the technology and culture of the next millennium. In other words, it seems necessary to borrow fiom the current technophilic jargon and "wire" Birmingham. 2 The need to make media and cultural theory inspired by work at the Centre address contemporary digital media culture was prompted by a personal observation several years before beginning this study that much of the popular writing on new media borrows fiom a post-industrial (and often neo-conservative) perspective, and that the larger share of academic literature on new media is post-structuralist in origin. While post-industrid and post-structuralist writings on what both characterize as the "information society" have contributed much of value, they lead to unproductive and sometimes reactionary readings of issues as various as the relationship of technology to culture, the nature of the self, and media's role in cultural and political change. The central problem these positions pose is that they demand a break with modernity as
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Understanding the Value of Arts & Culture | the AHRC Cultural Value
    Understanding the value of arts & culture The AHRC Cultural Value Project Geoffrey Crossick & Patrycja Kaszynska 2 Understanding the value of arts & culture The AHRC Cultural Value Project Geoffrey Crossick & Patrycja Kaszynska THE AHRC CULTURAL VALUE PROJECT CONTENTS Foreword 3 4. The engaged citizen: civic agency 58 & civic engagement Executive summary 6 Preconditions for political engagement 59 Civic space and civic engagement: three case studies 61 Part 1 Introduction Creative challenge: cultural industries, digging 63 and climate change 1. Rethinking the terms of the cultural 12 Culture, conflict and post-conflict: 66 value debate a double-edged sword? The Cultural Value Project 12 Culture and art: a brief intellectual history 14 5. Communities, Regeneration and Space 71 Cultural policy and the many lives of cultural value 16 Place, identity and public art 71 Beyond dichotomies: the view from 19 Urban regeneration 74 Cultural Value Project awards Creative places, creative quarters 77 Prioritising experience and methodological diversity 21 Community arts 81 Coda: arts, culture and rural communities 83 2. Cross-cutting themes 25 Modes of cultural engagement 25 6. Economy: impact, innovation and ecology 86 Arts and culture in an unequal society 29 The economic benefits of what? 87 Digital transformations 34 Ways of counting 89 Wellbeing and capabilities 37 Agglomeration and attractiveness 91 The innovation economy 92 Part 2 Components of Cultural Value Ecologies of culture 95 3. The reflective individual 42 7. Health, ageing and wellbeing 100 Cultural engagement and the self 43 Therapeutic, clinical and environmental 101 Case study: arts, culture and the criminal 47 interventions justice system Community-based arts and health 104 Cultural engagement and the other 49 Longer-term health benefits and subjective 106 Case study: professional and informal carers 51 wellbeing Culture and international influence 54 Ageing and dementia 108 Two cultures? 110 8.
    [Show full text]
  • Intercultural Communication for Development
    Intercultural Communication for Development: An exploratory study of Intercultural Sensitivity of the United Nations Volunteer Programme using the Developmental Model of Intercultural Sensitivity as framework By Keisuke Taketani A master thesis submitted to Malmö University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Communication for Development May 2008 Abstract The purpose of the study is to (1)analyze the level of intercultural sensitivity of United Nations Volunteer (UNV) volunteers in terms of interpersonal communication in a multicultural working environment; (2) explore how UNV volunteers interact and communicate in a multicultural environment at community level by developing a cognitive structure to understand differences in culture and; (3) identify the level of intercultural sensitivity of the UNV volunteers. This study is intended to make a contribution to the research on Communication for Development from the perspective of Intercultural Communication, particularly by using the Developmental Model of Intercultural Sensitivity (DMIS) as a framework to analyze the Intercultural experiences of a number of UNV volunteers. The qualitative survey was conducted with selected UNV volunteers including national, international and former UNV volunteers from February 15, 2008 for 4 weeks. A total of 48 UNV volunteers from 26 countries, serving in 24 countries, participated in the survey. The methodology of content analysis was applied to analyze their intercultural sensitivity and communication skills. The results show that UNV volunteers experience a wide range of intercultural situations, including: language and relativity of experience, non-verbal behaviour, communication styles, monochronic and polychronic time, values and assumptions. Whereas some UNV volunteers seem to be at the ethnocentric stage, the majority of respondents are at the ethnorelative stages, which include the acceptance and adaptation stages of DMIS.
    [Show full text]
  • Cultural Sensitivity
    The current issue and full text archive of this journal is available on Emerald Insight at: www.emeraldinsight.com/2444-9709.htm Cultural Cultural sensitivity: an antecedent of sensitivity the image gap of tourist destinations La sensibilidad cultural: un 103 antecedente del gap de la imagen Received 14 October 2016 Revised 8 March 2017 de los destinos turísticos 20 April 2017 29 July 2017 5 September 2017 Asuncion Beerli-Palacio Accepted 20 December 2017 Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain, and Josefa D. Martín-Santana Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain Abstract Purpose – This paper aims to analyse the influence of the cultural sensitivity of tourists on the change in image that occurs for tourist destinations prior to and after a visit; understanding cultural sensitivity as the recognition of and respect for different beliefs, values and customs. Design/methodology/approach – A structural equations model is carried out with a representative sample of 411 tourists from Tenerife (Canary Islands). Findings – Cultural sensitivity directly and positively influences the gap in the global image of the destination, so greater cultural sensitivity improves the post-visit image compared to the pre-visit image at a global level. Likewise, there are significant differences in cultural sensitivity according to the sociodemographic characteristics of tourists. Research limitations – Although this study is based on a single case (Tenerife) and the generalisation of the results must be treated tentatively, the developed model could be applied in other destinations. Practical implications – This study contributes to a better understanding of the influence of cultural sensitivity on the image gap in tourist destinations, as there is still little empirical evidence on the subject.
    [Show full text]
  • Diversity Training for Psychiatrists Nisha Dogra & Khalid Karim
    Advances in PsychiatricDiversity Treatment training (2005), for vol. psychiatrists 11, 159–167 Diversity training for psychiatrists Nisha Dogra & Khalid Karim Abstract There is great concern about the access of ethnic minority clients to appropriate healthcare and the treatment they experience once they gain access to services. There have been recent calls for training in cultural diversity to be prioritised for mental healthcare professionals, including psychiatrists. In this article we discuss the term ‘cultural diversity’ and consider its relevance to psychiatrists. We then briefly review some of the training currently available, discussing related issues and problems, including the lack of evaluation. We suggest how psychiatrists may need to change their approach to this subject. There is considerable concern about the access of The concept of identity is closely related to the people from Black and minority ethnic groups to idea of culture. Identities can be formed through the appropriate healthcare (Dyson & Smaje, 2001). This cultures and subcultures to which people belong or may reflect real or perceived barriers to services in which they participate. Frosh (1999: p. 413) because of disadvantage related to minority status. described the view that identity draws from culture Several approaches have been proposed to address but is not simply formed by it. Given that the focus this problem, one of which has been to increase of our article is cultural diversity in the context of cultural diversity training for all clinical staff, delivering psychiatric services, the definition of including psychiatrists. It is the issues surrounding culture that we use is consistent with that adopted such training that we discuss in this article.
    [Show full text]
  • 1145 CRN: 84596 This Is a Historical Survey of Watershed Ideas, Intel
    Anthropology 490 History of Anthropology, F. Blake, F’16 p. 1 Fall 2016 COURSE SYLLABUS Fred Blake Saunder 345 HISTORY OF ANTHROPOLOGY 490 Saunders 315 TR: 1030--1145 CRN: 84596 COURSE DESCRIPTION This is a historical survey of watershed ideas, intellectual genealogies, and personalities that form the modern discipline of anthropology. This includes an understanding of the historical and discursive contexts for the advent and spread of these ideas and the personalities whose published writings received the most notoriety. Although our emphasis is on the modern discourses (e.g., theories of social evolution and cultural diffusion, structural functionalism, structuralism and semiotics, linguistic and cognitive, cultural materialism--ecological, functionalist, and Marxist--and practice theories), we also take up the postmodern challenges and intellectual currents (with issues of subjectivity and power and representation) in interpretive ethnography, literary and feminist and other critical theories that have redefined the calling of anthropology and challenged the concept of culture. A new section includes sessions on the historical role and prospects for the application of anthropological knowledge to corporate, government, military, hegemonic, counter-insurgent plus insurgent and counter- hegemonic interests—the historic role of the academy and other agencies in producing knowledge about other cultures. Classes are mostly lectures based on printed outlines and occasional PowerPoint slides for illustrative purposes, although timely and informed questions or comments based on readings or lectures are welcomed. All upper level undergraduate and graduate students seeking a general course on social and cultural theories are welcome (graduate students are held to a different set of performance criteria and system of evaluation).
    [Show full text]
  • Cultural Governance in Contemporary China: Popular Culture, Digital Technology, and the State
    ! ! ! ! CULTURAL GOVERNANCE IN CONTEMPORARY CHINA: POPULAR CULTURE, DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY, AND THE STATE BY LUZHOU LI DISSERTATION Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Communications and Media in the Graduate College of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2015 Urbana, Illinois Doctoral Committee: Professor Emeritus John Nerone, Chair Assistant Professor Amanda Ciafone Professor Emeritus Dan Schiller Professor Kent Ono, University of Utah ii ABSTRACT This dissertation is a study of the historical formation and transformation of the Chinese online audiovisual industry under forces of strategic political calculations, expanding market relations, and growing social participation, and the cultural ramifications of this process, especially the kind of transformations digital technologies have wrought on the state-TV-station-centered mode of cultural production/distribution and regulatory apparatuses. Through this case, the project aims to theorize the changing mode of cultural governance of post-socialist regimes in the context of digital capitalism. Using mixed methods of documentary research, interviews with industry practitioners, participant observations of trade fairs/festivals, and critical discourse analyses of popular cultural texts, the study finds that the traditional broadcasting and the online video sectors are structured along two different political economic mechanisms. While the former is dominated by domestic capital and heavily regulated by state agencies, the latter is supported by transnational capital and less regulated. Digital technologies coupled with transnational capital thus generate new cultural flows, processes, and practices, which produces a heterogeneous and contested cultural sphere in the digital environment that substantially differs from the one created by traditional television.
    [Show full text]
  • Bowling Alone, but Online Together? Virtual Communities and American Public Life
    Bowling Alone, But Online Together? Virtual Communities and American Public Life Felicia Wu Song Charlottesville, Virginia B.A., Yale University, 1994 M.A., Northwestern University, 1996 A Dissertation presented to the Graduate Faculty of the University of Virginia in Candidacy for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Sociology University of Virginia May, 2005 Bowling Alone, but Online Together? Virtual Communities and American Public Life Felicia Wu Song James Davison Hunter, Chair Department of Sociology University of Virginia ABSTRACT The integration of new communication technologies into the fabric of everyday life has raised important questions about their effects on existing conceptions and practices of community, relationship, and personal identity. How do these technologies mediate and reframe our experience of social interactions and solidarity? What are the cultural and social implications of the structural changes that they introduce? This dissertation critically considers these questions by examining the social and technological phenomenon of online communities and their role in the ongoing debates about the fate of American civil society. In light of growing concerns over declining levels of trust and civic participation expressed by scholars such as Robert Putnam, many point to online communities as possible catalysts for revitalizing communal life and American civic culture. To many, online communities appear to render obsolete not only the barriers of space and time, but also problems of exclusivity and prejudice. Yet others remain skeptical of the Internet's capacity to produce the types of communities necessary for building social capital. After reviewing and critiquing the dominant perspectives on evaluating the democratic efficacy of online communities, this dissertation suggests an alternative approach that draws from the conceptual distinctions made by Mark E.
    [Show full text]
  • Culture and Materialism
    University of Southern Queensland The Halls of Angst: Culture and Materialism A Dissertation submitted by Mark Russell Dew, BA Hon. (English Literature) For the Award of Doctor of Philosophy 2013 Abstract This dissertation is dedicated to problematising Raymond Williams’s seminal work on Cultural Materialism and the institution that emerged from it. The first chapter proper makes various claims: while Culturalism became institutionalised in the academy it has never been popularly assimilated and idealism remains the common currency; the concept of “whole culture” belies the reality that elitism is entrenched; while culturalism touted a “slow revolution,” capitalism has gone from strength to strength; the latter-day institutions of Culturalism generally are apolitical or devoted, merely, to identity politics within capitalist culture; the sociological and philosophical premises of Culturalism are dubious and dogmatic. The next chapter, then, analyses the underpinnings of Marxist materialism and the problems with it from Continental and Analytical philosophical perspectives—apropos the latter, this section focuses also on the Body-Mind problem. The final chapter considers several alternatives to reductive materialism before calling for the provisional acceptance of a “post-materialism.” Several hypotheses are also identified that might be subjects of future research. The primary material consulted is diverse, including Williams as well as Marx, Hegel, and German idealism, though mainly their modern expositors, including: Slavoj Žižek, Terry Eagleton, Ernesto Laclau, Catherine Belsey, Jacques Derrida, the Frankfurt School, as well as several Philosophers of “Mind” from the Analytic tradition. i Certification Page I certify that the ideas, analysis, results and conclusions reported in this dissertation are entirely my own effort, except where otherwise acknowledged.
    [Show full text]
  • Karnik NS, Dogra N. the Cultural Sensibility Model: a Process
    The Cultural Sensibility Model: A Process-Oriented Approach for Children and Adolescents a, Niranjan S. Karnik, MD, PhD *, b Nisha Dogra, BM, DCH, MA, PhD, FRCPsych KEYWORDS Cultural sensibility model Psychiatry Adolescents Children Cultural expertise A BRIEF HISTORY OF CULTURAL PARADIGMS IN PSYCHIATRY The history of the inclusion of culture within child and adolescent psychiatry is a limited one, and until recently has not attracted particular attention. This history is in many regards a modification of the broader trends set in general psychiatry and pediatrics that child and adolescent psychiatry has tended to follow. It has only more recently established itself as a specialty within its own right. Reviewing this history briefly helps provide a background for the model that this article proposes, and also highlights potential directions for future research and practice in child and adolescent psychiatry. The First Moment: Recognition of Cultural Difference Research on culture as a domain within medicine and psychiatry came into focus after World War II. Although the earlier psychoanalytic era often paid attention to aspects of culture within individual cases, the recognition of the multiple facets and complexity of culture can be most clearly linked to the rise of the disciplines of sociology and anthro- pology in the post-war era. This period was marked by a large number of United States soldiers who had fought across the globe, from Europe to Africa and the Pacific The authors have nothing to disclose. a Department of Psychiatry, The University of Chicago, Pritzker School of Medicine, 5841 South Maryland, 5841 South Maryland, MC 3077, Chicago, IL 60637, USA b Greenwood Institute of Child Health, University of Leicester, Westcotes House, Westcotes Drive, Leicester LE3 0QU, UK * Corresponding author.
    [Show full text]
  • Inside Subculture the Postmodern Meaning of Style
    Inside Subculture The Postmodern Meaning of Style David Muggleton OXFORD Inside Subculture Dress, Body, Culture Series Editor Joanne B. Eicher, Regents’ Professor, University of Minnesota Advisory Board: Ruth Barnes, Ashmolean Museum, University of Oxford Helen Callaway, CCCRW, University of Oxford James Hall, University of Illinois at Chicago Beatrice Medicine, California State University, Northridge Ted Polhemus, Curator, “Street Style” Exhibition, Victoria & Albert Museum Griselda Pollock, University of Leeds Valerie Steele, The Museum at the Fashion Institute of Technology Lou Taylor, University of Brighton John Wright, University of Minnesota Books in this provocative series seek to articulate the connections between culture and dress which is defined here in its broadest possible sense as any modification or supplement to the body. Interdisciplinary in approach, the series highlights the dialogue between identity and dress, cosmetics, coiffure, and body alterations as manifested in practices as varied as plastic surgery, tattooing, and ritual scarification. The series aims, in particular, to analyze the meaning of dress in relation to popular culture and gender issues and will include works grounded in anthropology, sociology, history, art history, literature, and folklore. ISSN: 1360-466X Previously published titles in the Series Helen Bradley Foster, “New Raiments of Self”: African American Clothing in the Antebellum South Claudine Griggs, S/he: Changing Sex and Changing Clothes Michaele Thurgood Haynes, Dressing Up Debutantes: Pageantry and Glitz in Texas Anne Brydon and Sandra Niesson, Consuming Fashion: Adorning the Transnational Body Dani Cavallaro and Alexandra Warwick, Fashioning the Frame: Boundaries, Dress and the Body Judith Perani and Norma H. Wolff, Cloth, Dress and Art Patronage in Africa Linda B.
    [Show full text]
  • A Case Study on Local Cultural Sensibility and Healing Tourism in Korea
    A Case Study on Local Cultural Sensibility and Healing Tourism in Korea Young Suk Kwon Cultural Heritage Preservation Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea Keywords: Local cultural sensibility, healing tourism, cultural heritage. Abstract: The purpose of this study was to develop tourism resources that can create promising economic benefits for the future society and provide basic data for creative regional development by looking at examples of successful development of the tourism industry that fits the Korean local cultural sensibility image. For this purpose, it explores the meaning of local cultural sensibility, classifies the local cultural resources into the material, human, and sociocultural resources, and focuses on countries that show global success stories about the value of cultural resources that each resource has. In addition, the study investigates the healing tourism policies each local government has implemented for the local cultural sensibility differentiated by region focusing on Busan, Gangwon-do, and Jeju-do of Korea. As a result, Busan has implemented a global marine culture tourism industry policy as an international city based on ocean sensibility. In Gangwon-do, the local cultural characteristics formed by the mountain cultural sensibility developed abundant natural resources in the high mountain area and food resources in the clean area, providing various local cultural resources to tourists. Finally, the healing tourism industry in the Jeju Island, the pearl of Korea, has promoted an attractive global tourism industry associating with various trails formed around Mount Halla along with the harmonization of the marine resources surrounding the entire island and the unique indigenous local culture of Jeju.
    [Show full text]
  • Cultural Competence and Its Influence on the Teaching and Learning of International Students
    CULTURAL COMPETENCE AND ITS INFLUENCE ON THE TEACHING AND LEARNING OF INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS Claudia P. Nieto A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate College of Bowling Green State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS August 2008 Committee: Margaret Zoller Booth, Advisor Patricia Kubow Sheri Wells-Jensen © 2008 Claudia P. Nieto All Rights Reserved iii ABSTRACT Margaret Zoller Booth, Advisor The purpose of this study was to investigate the extent to which one’s level of cultural competence impacts the teaching and learning process for both instructors and students at the university level. Specifically, this study examined whether there is a difference in the level of intercultural sensitivity between university instructors and ESL students, whether ESL instructors and non-ESL instructors vary in their levels of intercultural sensitivity, and the extent to which gender impacts cultural competence. Finally, an investigation was conducted to explore the relationships between the instructors’ level of intercultural sensitivity and the challenges they face in instructing international students, in addition to the relationship between students’ level of intercultural sensitivity and the challenges they face while pursuing a college degree in the United States. A mixed methodology, using Intercultural Sensitivity Scale (Chen & Starosta) found that instructors in this university reported a higher level of intercultural sensitivity than college students at the same institution; a significant difference between ESL instructors and non-ESL instructors in the area of interaction engagement was revealed; and, that females scored higher than males. Finally, while instructors revealed that culture and language were the challenges most faced in teaching international students, those same students did not reveal them to be significant challenges.
    [Show full text]