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Lithology and Fracture Characterization from Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire

Lithology and Fracture Characterization from Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire

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Toxic Substance Hydrology Program Lithology and Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire

Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4183

U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Front cover: A photograph from submersible borehole video survey showing a steeply dipping fracture at a depth of 79 feet below land surface in a borehole near Mirror Lake in Grafton County, New Hampshire. U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey

Toxic Substance Hydrology Program Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire

By Carole D. Johnson and Alicia H. Dunstan

Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4183

Pembroke, New Hampshire 1998 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR BRUCE BABBITT, Secretary

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Charles G. Groat, Director

The use of firm, trade, and brand names in this report is for identification purposes only and does not constitute endorsement by the U.S. Geological Survey.

For additional information write to: Copies of this report can be purchased from:

District Chief U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Geological Survey Branch of Information Services New Hampshire/Vermont District Box 25286, Federal Center 361 Commerce Way Denver, CO 80225 Pembroke, NH 03275-3718 CONTENTS

Abstract...... 1 Introduction ...... 2 Purpose and Scope ...... 4 Location and Description of Study Area ...... 4 Previous Investigations ...... 4 Acknowledgments ...... 7 Approach and Methods of Investigation ...... 7 Drilling Through the Overburden and Borehole Construction ...... 7 Continuous-Core Collection ...... 8 Air-Percussion Rotary Drilling ...... 8 Sample-Collection Methods for Air-Percussion Rotary Drilling ...... 9 Identification of Water-Bearing Zones in Boreholes During Drilling ...... 9 Borehole Development and Drillers' Short-Term Yield ...... 9 Development...... 9 Drillers' Short-Term Yield ...... 10 Measurement of Water Level...... 10 Borehole-Imaging Methods ...... 10 Mineralogic and Petrographic Analyses ...... 11 Data-Collection Sites and Borehole-Naming Conventions ...... 11 Hydrogeologic Setting ...... 12 Bedrock ...... 12 Surficial Geology ...... 14 Detection of Water-Bearing Zones and Estimation of Drillers' Yield and Water Levels in Boreholes ...... 14 Water-Bearing Zones Identified in Boreholes During Drilling ...... 14 Drillers'Yield ...... 15 Water Levels in Boreholes ...... 16 Characterization of Lithology and ...... 16 Description of Units in the Study Area ...... 17 , and Migmatite ...... 17 Granitoids: and Igneous ...... 21 Pegmatites and Aplites ...... 21 Diabase Dikes ...... 22 Results of X-Ray Diffraction Analyses ...... 22 Rock-Core Descriptions ...... 23 Characterization of Lithology in Boreholes ...... 27 Fracture Characterization in Boreholes ...... 27 Discussion of Fractures and Lithology ...... 32 Fracture Distribution ...... 32 Distribution of Fractures With Depth ...... 32 Detection and Location of Faults ...... 35 Fracture Distribution With Respect to Rock Type ...... 35 Distribution of Rock Types ...... 36 Observations of Drilling and Its Effect on the Boreholes ...... 36 Summary and Conclusions ...... 36 References Cited ...... 38 Glossary ...... ^ 41 Appendix 1. Graphic logs of lithology and fracture characterization of boreholes in bedrock near Mirror Lake in Grafton County, New Hampshire ...... 45

Contents III FIGURES

1. Map showing location of study area and data-collection locations near Mirror Lake in Grafton County, New Hampshire...... 5 2. Map showing bedrock geology of the study area near Mirror Lake...... 6 3. Photograph showing bedrock in highway outcrop near Mirror Lake ...... 13 4. Diagram showing comparison of flowmeter logs that show upward vertical flow in boreholes Rl (4a) and IS1 (4b) under pumping conditions with water-bearing zones that were identified while drilling the boreholes near Mirror Lake...... 15 5-8. Photographs showing: 5. Bedrock core from borehole CO7 near Mirror Lake...... 26 6. Borehole video image from CO7 near Mirror Lake ...... 26 7. Selected borehole video images of rock types near Mirror Lake...... 28 8. Selected borehole video images showing frequently used fracture descriptors in boreholes near Mirror Lake...... 31 9. Graph showing fracture density as a function of depth below top of casing in selected boreholes near Mirror Lake ...... 33 10. Graph showing cumulative-fracture frequency as a function of depth below top of casing in selected boreholes near Mirror Lake...... 34

TABLES

1. Description of boreholes installed near Mirror Lake in Grafton County, New Hampshire ...... 3 2. Water levels and well-drillers' estimates of yield in boreholes installed near Mirror Lake...... 16 3. Results of petrographic point-count analysis of selected rock samples from the highway outcrop near Mirror Lake...... 17 4. and relative amounts of compositional elements identified by scanning electron microscope and x-ray fluorescence spectrometry for selected bedrock samples obtained from highway outcrops and boreholes near Mirror Lake ...... 18 5. Results of x-ray diffraction analysis of rock samples from selected boreholes near Mirror Lake...... 23 6. Description of fractures in core samples from boreholes CO7, FSE5, and TR2 near Mirror Lake...... 24 7. Relative proportions of rock types and fracturing in selected boreholes near Mirror Lake ...... 29 8. Codes used to describe fractures shown in Appendix 1 ...... 30

CONVERSION FACTORS AND VERTICAL DATUM

Multiply metric unit By To obtain inch-pound unit Length millimeter (mm) 25.40 inch centimeter (cm) 2.540 inch meter (m) 0.3048 foot square kilometer (km2) 0.3861 mile squared liter per minute (L/min) 0.2642 gallon per minute

Sea Level: In this report "sea level" refers to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD of 1929) a geodetic datum derived from a general adjustment of the first-order level nets of both the United States and Canada, formerly called Sea Level Datum of 1929.

IV Contents Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire

ByCarole D. Johnson andAlicia H. Dunstan Abstract which range in depth from 60 to 305 meters, that were drilled for this study. Drilling logs and color The lithology and fracture network of the video surveys were used to locate and charac­ bedrock in the Mirror Lake area were terize the fractures and rock types in the subsur­ characterized from hydrogeologic data collected face. Solid bedrock core was obtained from three from 1979-95 in Grafton County, N.H. The of the boreholes. Petrographic thin-section, x-ray collection of these data is an integral part of an diffraction and scanning electron microscope with ongoing multidisciplinary study by the energy dispersive x-ray fluorescence spectrometry U.S. Geological Survey to characterize ground- analyses were done on selected samples from water flow and solute transport in fractured rock. boreholes and outcrops. Observations recorded at The data provide a physical framework and the time of drilling, descriptions of rock samples enable the characterization of the fractures and collected from the boreholes, interpretation of the rock types in the bedrock aquifer in the Mirror rock type and fractures based on borehole- Lake study area. In addition, these data provide a imaging surveys, descriptions of rock core and detailed description of the subsurface intersected petrographic analyses of selected rock samples by boreholes that can be used to compare the are in tables and figures. results of other borehole testing. Analysis of the data provided information The Mirror Lake area is characterized by on the distribution of fractures and lithology in steep bedrock uplands that are mostly covered by the boreholes at Mirror Lake. The relative colluvium, discontinuous stratified-drift deposits, abundances of the rock types were computed for and glacial that varies locally in thickness three groups of boreholes, including (1) the Forest from less than 10 meters to as much as 50 meters. Service Experimental (FSE) well field, (2) the The land-surface altitude ranges from 180 meters Camp Osceola (CO) well field, and (3) the index near the Pemigewasset to 720 meters on the boreholes, which are 15 boreholes distributed mountain top on the northwestern side of the areally throughout the study area including the study area. The bedrock in the area is predomi­ deepest borehole from each of the two well fields. nantly -grade pelitic that have The index boreholes are separated by hundreds of been complexly folded and intruded by meters and are typically 100 meters deep. The granitoids, pegmatites, and diabase dikes. The FSE well field includes 13 boreholes that are bedrock has been fractured in response to local separated by 10 to 40 meters. These 13 boreholes and tectonic . The resulting interconnected are approximately 100 meters deep, except for network of fractures forms the bedrock aquifer. one borehole that is 230 meters deep. The rocks This report describes the lithologic units in penetrated by the FSE wells are predominantly the study area and provides a characterization of igneous. Approximately 70 percent of the rocks the lithology and fractures found in 40 boreholes, encountered in the boreholes in the FSE well field

Abstract 1 were , pegmatite, and aplite. The CO well stresses (Hardcastle, 1989) and local stresses field includes 9 boreholes that range from (Trainer, 1988). The geometry of fracture networks 60-70 meters deep and one borehole that is and openness of individual fractures control the flow 175 meters deep. The rocks encountered in these of fluids in the rocks and the advection, dispersion and boreholes were predominantly metamorphic. The storage of solutes. distribution of rock types in the CO well field is Approximately 97 percent of the bedrock at similar to the distribution of rocks in highway Mirror Lake is covered by surficial deposits. Bedrock roadcuts, that are approximately 90 to 150 meters outcrops generally are limited to the stream beds, ridges, and exposures produced by highway excava­ east of the well field. Seventy percent of the tions. Hence, detailed characterization of the rock roadcut exposures are schist. Collectively, in the types and fractures relies on data collected during 15 index boreholes, the metamorphic and igneous subsurface exploratory drilling and geophysical rocks are equally distributed. Analysis of the rock surveys. Forty boreholes, ranging in depth from 60 to types in these boreholes indicates that the rock 305 m, were drilled from 1979-95 by use of the air- types tend to "change" every 5 to 9 meters. percussion rotary drilling method (table 1). From June Although the metamorphic and igneous through August 1992, in August 1994, and in rocks each comprise approximately 50 percent of August 1995, a color video camera was used to survey the rock types observed in the 15 index boreholes, the boreholes and improve the interpretation of the 73 percent of the fractures were in the igneous subsurface bedrock. Cores were collected from three rocks. This indicates that the granitoids tend to be of the boreholes to obtain representative subsurface samples of rock units and fracture surfaces that could more fractured than the metamorphic rocks. be compared with fracture and lithology interpreta­ Pegmatite, diabase, , and gneissic rocks tions based on borehole logging and borehole imaging are relatively unfractured. methods. Boreholes completed in bedrock generally The 40 boreholes were installed as part of an have one or two water-bearing zones, which were ongoing multidisciplinary research effort to charac­ identified during the drilling process. At the terize fluid movement and chemical transport in completion of drilling a borehole, the driller fractured crystalline bedrock in the Mirror Lake estimated the yield of the borehole with an air-lift drainage basin. The research is supported by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Toxic Substance test. Yields estimated by drillers ranged from less Hydrology Program. An overview of the research is than 3 to 378 liters per minute. These yields are provided by Shapiro and Hsieh (1991). General typical of the yields measured for domestic wells descriptions of geologic, hydraulic, geophysical, and in Grafton County. Water levels measured in the geochemical methods used in this investigation are open boreholes after the boreholes recovered provided by Hsieh and others (1993). from the hydraulic stresses of drilling were The objectives of the test-drilling program usually in the steel casing and were within described here were to install a network of boreholes 10 meters of the land surface. Water levels in for hydraulic testing, water-quality sampling, eight of the boreholes were above the top of geophysical testing, long term water-level monitoring, and for improving the characterization of the distribu­ casing or above land surface. tion of lithology and fractures in the subsurface. Fractures and changes in lithology could be detected INTRODUCTION and detailed descriptions of the boreholes were generated by using borehole-imaging methods and Bedrock in the Mirror Lake area in Grafton characterization of rock samples collected at the time County, N.H., is characterized by pelitic schists of of drilling. These characterizations of the boreholes Silurian to Devonian age, which were generally serve as a basis for other work being conducted in the metamorphosed to sillimanite grade during the boreholes. The borehole characterizations can be used Acadian . The schists have been complexly for statistical analyses of subsurface fracturing and folded and intruded by Devonian anatectic granites distribution of rock type, for planning hydraulic or and pegmatites, and Mesozoic diabase dikes (Lyons geophysical tests, or for comparing the results of other and others, 1997), and fractured in response to tectonic borehole analyses.

2 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire Table 1. Description of boreholes installed near Mirror Lake in Grafton County, New Hampshire [Total length of casing and depth to bedrock are measured from top of casing. Latitude and longitude are in degrees, minutes, seconds; Altitude is based on sea level; --, no data; ~, indicates approximation. All length measurements are in meters. All boreholes are 15 cm in diameter.] Altitude of Well location Well Total Depth to Total Previous name length of bedrock depth of Date drilled Top of Land Bedrock well name Latitude Longitude («g. 1) casing surface surface casing surface well CO1 217.69 217.14 211.90 9.14 5.79 175.86 CO87-BR 10/08/89 43° 56' 28.20" 71° 41' 23.77" CO2 216.87 216.23 211.51 7.62 5.36 61.87 CO89-BR 10/24/89 43° 56' 27.85" 71° 41' 24.24" COS 215.41 214.91 210.93 7.92 4.48 64.46 07/22/91 43° 56' 27.10" 71° 41' 24.34" CO4 216.11 215.30 210.11 8.84 6.00 60.65 05/26/92 43° 56' 27.15" 71° 41' 23.11" COS 217.38 216.71 213.11 8.14 4.27 70.00 -- 06/27/94 43° 56' 27.73" 71° 41' 23.18"

C06 217.37 216.52 212.19 9.39 5.18 70.04 _ 06/22/94 43° 56' 27.81" 71° 41' 22.38" CO7 215.92 215.01 213.18 6.25 2.74 71.05 06/29/94 43° 56' 26.66" 71° 41' 22.37" CO8 217.83 216.98 212.66 8.81 5.80 76.90 08/13/94 43° 56' 28.24" 71° 41 '23.04" CO9 217.85 216.94 213.47 7.16 4.39 76.47 08/15/94 43° 56' 28.34" 71° 41 '22.46" CO10 215.78 214.90 209.38 10.06 6.40 77.11 07/28/95 43° 56' 26.83" 71°41' 21.43" con 225.74 224.92 217.51 12.28 8.23 183.79 -- 07/27/95 43° 56' 30.00" 71° 41 '20.64"

FS1 261.88 261.27 247.86 16.46 14.02 137.15 FS-79-BR 08/30/79 43° 56' 44.58" 71° 42' 5.34" FS2 255.71 255.04 248.34 9.75 7.38 152.39 FS-87-BR 08/28/87 43° 56' 40.62" 71° 42' 3.57" !FS3 274.45 273.84 265.00 12.04 9.44 225.54 FS-89-BR 10/12/89 43° 56' 47.81" 71° 42' 6.87" FS4 346.12 345.36 342.16 7.62 3.96 305.70 - 07/24/93 43° 57'' 4.00" 71° 42' 16.05" FSE1 240.20 239.83 226.46 16.92 13.75 107.60 FS83E-BR 08/31/83 43° 56' 36.36" 71° 41' 59.98"

FSE2 241.06 240.39 225.91 17.07 15.15 108.00 FS83E2-BR 09/20/83 43° 56' 36.40" 71° 42' 0.39" FSE3 241.01 240.31 226.42 18.59 14.60 108.20 FS83E3-BR 09/22/83 43° 56' 36.07" 71° 42' 0.03" FSE4 241.26- 240.71 226.38 18.29 14.87 229.50 FS83E4-BR 07/02/84 43° 56' 36.11" 71° 42' 0.44" FSE5 242.36 241.65 229.16 16.92 13.20 61.26 FSE5-BR 10/26/89 43° 56' 35.50" 71° 42' 1.51 FSE6 242.88 242.21 222.71 22.55 20.18 76.20 -- 08/06/90 43° 56' 34.34" 71° 42' 3.56"

FSE7 242.31 241.88 226.34 18.90 15.97 76.50 _ 08/06/90 43° 56' 35.88" 71° 42' 1.94" FSE8 242.27 241.82 227.99 21.03 14.30 76.20 07/18/91 43° 56' 35.11" 71° 42' 1.10" FSE9 242.82 242.13 228.40 20.12 14.42 76.20 07/22/91 43° 56' 35.06" 71° 42' 2.28" FSE10 244.33 243.72 225.44 22.55 18.90 77.11 07/24/91 43° 56' 34.86" 71° 42' 4.71" FSE11 242.59 242.09 221.35 24.99 21.24 84.58 -- 06/02/92 43° 56' 34.44" 71° 42' 1.61"

FSE12 243.71 242.92 227.07 20.73 16.64 88.10 _ 06/03/92 43° 56' 35.83" 71° 42' 3.13" FSE13 240.61 239.79 218.15 24.38 22.46 75.90 - 06/04/92 43° 56' 33.73" 71° 42' 1.98" HI 232.15 231.56 228.51 9.14 3.64 91.74 07/16/91 43° 56' 25.61" 71° 41' 51.22" IS1 224.67 224.13 211.93 17.07 12.74 151.50 05/29/92 43° 56' 42.96" 71° 41 '20.09" Kl 215.40 214.15 203.21 15.54 12.19 46.33 Kh-l-BR 08/28/89 43° 56' 31.42" 71° 41' 35.77"

K2 215.18 214.81 201.10 17.37 14.08 48.77 K-BR 08/24/79 43° 56' 28.77" 71° 41 '40.60" K3 209.28 207.15 187.80 23.77 21.49 53.34 Kh-B-BR 08/22/79 43° 56' 25.69" 71°41' 39.17" 2 R1 255.93 255.91 239.76 20.42 16.92 193.54 08/08/90 43° 56' 51.83" 71° 41 '53.66" Tl 229.08 228.47 225.42 6.10 3.66 152.39 - 07/25/91 43° 56' 42.36" 71° 41' 50.32" TR1 249.29 248.56 197.66 53.19 51.63 190.49 TR-BR 09/13/83 43° 56' 49.50" 71° 41' 40.66" TR2 232.94 232.24 219.74 16.15 13.20 231.64 -- 08/08/91 43° 56' 26.50" 71° 42' 6.82"

FS5 -499.2 -498.3 -491.6 7.62 3.90 - 66.44 -- 07/05/94 43° 56' 54.46" 71° 43' 48.80" 3FS6 -243.8 -244.1 -232.7 13.47 11.12 182.57 07/24/95 43 ° 56' 23.50" 71° 42' 10.00" RR1 -184.4 -183.5 -153.6 30.78 27.13 183.48 -- 08/01/95 43° 55' 58.00" 71° 40' 58.00"

FS3 caved in at 196.6 meters. Rl caved in at 165.5 meters. 3FS6 caved in at 125.0 meters.

INTRODUCTION 3 Typically, each borehole has two to three water­ least twice by glaciers from 2,000,000 to 10,000 years bearing fractures that were detected during the drilling ago, and is characterized by steep bedrock uplands process. Detailed geophysical surveys of the that are covered by glacial till and discontinuous strati- boreholes indicate numerous fractures in each fied-drift deposits. The Mirror Lake drainage basin borehole. Flowmeter testing and hydraulic tests has high ridges and steep slopes, with occasional identify only a few hydraulically conductive fractures. bedrock-cored knobs and sand terraces. The land- All fractures identified in the boreholes by use of surface altitude ranges from 180 m near the Pemige- geophysical methods are tested for hydraulic conduc­ wasset River to 720 m on the mountain top on the tivity. Straddle-packer tests, conducted over 3 to 5 m northwestern side of the study area. The underlying intervals, indicate that the hydraulic conductivity (and bedrock is predominantly high-grade metamorphic transmissivity) ranges over six orders of magnitude rocks that have been intruded by felsic igneous (Hsieh and others, 1993; Shapiro, 1993; and Hsieh and intrusions and to a lesser extent by pegmatites and Shapiro, 1996). diabase.

Previous Investigations

Several investigators have studied the geology The purpose of this report is to describe the and of the Mirror Lake area. The hydrogeology of a bedrock aquifer and to report bedrock geology has been mapped at several scales, geologic and hydraulic information resulting from the ranging from several square kilometers to mapping 1979-95 drilling program at Mirror Lake. The test- outcrop faces that are tens to hundreds of meters in drilling program included field observations recorded length. Lyons and others (1997) mapped the geology at the time of drilling, lithologic sampling, and at a scale of 1:250, 000. Their map and publication detailed descriptions of rock samples. In addition, provide a thorough description of the rock units. borehole-imaging techniques were used to charac­ Hatch and Moench (1984) provided geologic maps at terize the lithology and the fractures in boreholes. the scale of 1:125,000 of the Wilderness Area, which This report describes the lithologic units in the study includes the Mirror Lake area. The bedrock geology area and the well-drilling methods and other of the Plymouth, N.H., 15-minute quadrangle was techniques used to characterize the fractures and rock- mapped by Moke (1946) at a scale of 1:65,000. Lyons types in the boreholes. The fractures and the rock mapped the Woodstock, N.H., 7.5-minute quadrangle types observed in the boreholes are described, and at a scale of 1:24,000 (John Lyons, Dartmouth data are presented in tables and figures. College, written communication, 1993). In addition, fractures on the highway outcrops and rock exposures within the study area were mapped in detail by Barton Location and Description of Study Area (1996 and 1997). All fractures on the outcrops that exceed 1 m in length were individually characterized The study area is in the Pemigewasset River by six parameters: orientation, length, connectivity, and surrounding uplands near the towns of aperture, surface roughness, and mineralization Woodstock and Thornton, in Grafton County in central (Barton, 1996). Figure 2, which is modified from New Hampshire (fig. 1). The entire study area is Barton (1997), shows the distribution of rock types in approximately 2 km2 in size. Part of the study area is the study area at a scale of 1:12,000. in the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is The hydrogeology of the study area also has operated and maintained by the Northeastern Forest been the subject of many recent investigations. Winter Experimental Station, U.S. Department of Agriculture (1985) provides a detailed description of the (USDA) Forest Service, Radnor, Penn. The Hubbard hydrogeology and physical setting of the area. Studies Brook Experimental Forest has been the site of of surface- and ground-water processes and interac­ numerous scientific investigations during the past tions were done by Winter (1984) and Winter and three decades (Likens, 1991). The study area is in the others (1989). Other studies have provided informa­ central highlands physiographic province of New tion relating to hydraulic and physical properties of the England (Denny, 1982). This area was covered at rock. A characterization of the lithology and

4 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire 71°44' 71°43' 71°42' 71°41'

EXPLANATION FS5 Borehole and identifier

1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 FEET

0 200 400 600 800 1,000 METERS ^^ ^^^ ^^^^^^-.0(^m^&; 43°57' "^iimji^l^mMm .-' X\\\Y^\S;^^#1[?^^ ! ' / I 1 '' 't I '" *'X N ]( '' '- "i ' *v\ ^'^'-"J^.~'" . X t-*^Ss*JO' ^*j*'i *' * ' ? ' : ^'\\ \ A ''PQ1 »" ' i"*'*^* ' , : . _ ..- J . ' 1 S ' i 1 '' 'i i i i '; 1^** |5^;-,"->* ' , -\ ,' I s*4jL ^#^y ft / / T __-' ; \ -. \ :r?O I i '. ':. - I ,-, . _ _.^;.-!li4/.../l-lAV|\l^ ^:^j^j^^^L^^^^y^ . I i -.-:--.,r.;^^>,\)v;.-r«a5eix.F§EjVi , .. .,/*_ / v . , . , .VS

CANADA S^-f

«-/ ^_ Mirror |_ V»*«[.: -H <- -^-^ Lake 43°56'

NEW Sjp HAMPSHIRE r:i-'l 0 20 dO MILES

0 20 40 KILOMETERS

J^ xT- .' \--\-.UdS;!-- \J1 Base from U.S. Geological Survey Digital raster graphic image Woodstock, N.H. 7.5 minute. 1:24.000 scale, 1980 / FSE WELL FIELD CO WELL FIELD

C09 coi C08

C02 . CQ6 COS FSE4 v FSE2 * FSE12 .FSE7 V * FSE1 FSE3 FSE10 «FSE5 FSE9 FSE8 C03 FSE6 CO10 FSE11

FSE13 CO7

10 Meters 10 Meters

Figure 1. Location of study area and data-collection locations, near Mirror Lake in Grafton County, New Hampshire.

INTRODUCTION 5 71°44' 71°43' 71°42' 71°4V

43°57'

43°56' -

Shaded relief base created from digital elevation model interpolated from digital contour data. Hydrography and 0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 FEET I______l______J______l______| roads from U.S. Geological Survey digital line graphs I I I I I I U.S. Geological Survey Woodstock, N.H. 0 200 400 600 800 1,000 METERS 7.5 minute, 1:24.000 scale, 1980

EXPLANATION

Upper Member of Rangeley Formation (Silurian)

Lower Member of Rangeley Formation (Silurian)

Perry (Silurian)

Kl Borehole and identifier

Figure 2. Bedrock geology of the study area, near Mirror Lake in Grafton County, New Hampshire. (Well fields FSE and CO are shown in figure 1.)

6 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire hydraulic properties of the overburden and the upper APPROACH AND METHODS OF 3 to 5 m of the bedrock, which was not evaluated as INVESTIGATION part of this study, is reported by Harte (1997). Results of borehole geophysical surveys for selected boreholes All boreholes were constructed using the same in the Mirror Lake Basin have been published in technique to reduce differences in hydraulic properties various reports (Paillet, 1985; Paillet and Kapucu, that are caused by differences in borehole installa­ 1989). Borehole identifiers of some boreholes in tion. In addition, techniques for collecting samples previous reports are different than the borehole identi­ were used consistently at all boreholes. The methods fiers used in this report. Information provided in used in this investigation are described in detail in this table 1 can be used to cross-reference the borehole section. Inclined drilling was not attempted. All of names in these various reports. Previous work done in the boreholes that were installed were intended to be conjunction with this investigation is summarized by near vertical. In some of the boreholes, especially in Hsieh and others (1993). metamorphic rocks, the boreholes deviated from vertical. Acknowledgments

The authors express their appreciation to the Drilling Through the Overburden and employees of the U.S. Department of Agriculture Borehole Construction Forest Service, the Institute of Ecosystem Studies, the State of New Hampshire Department of Transporta­ The equipment used for the borehole design tion, and the many private land owners who permitted included a combination of rotary and air-percussion access to drill boreholes and collect borehole data. drilling. Rotary drilling was used to penetrate the The authors are especially grateful to the following unconsolidated overburden material and approxi­ individuals and their families: Mr. and Mrs. Herzog, mately 3 m into competent bedrock. A biodegradable Mr. Ketanna, Mr. Kendal, Mr. Richards, and drilling fluid, which is designed to break down after Mr. Thomas. The authors extend special thanks to approximately 48 hours, was used when drilling Wayne Martin of the U.S. Forest Service for his through the overburden in order to hold the borehole cooperation and assistance in logistical aspects. open. Steel casing, 15.2 cm in diameter, was set The writers gratefully acknowledge the through the overburden and into the rock by use of the following scientists whose help and instruction have following methods. The steel casing, which had a been extremely valuable: Robert Moench at the drive shoe affixed to its lower end, was set into the USGS in Denver, Colo., Dr. Eugene Boudette, New pre-drilled borehole. Lengths of casing were threaded Hampshire State Geologist, Dr. Jo Laird and together or welded until the drive shoe reached the Dr. Wallace Bothner of the University of New bottom of the hole. A mixture of cement and Hampshire (UNH), Dr. John Lyons of Dartmouth bentonite grout was pumped to the bottom of the hole College, and Fred Murphey of the USGS in Menlo and into the annular space around the casing, in order Park, California. Special thanks are extended to to seal the casing and isolate the water in the glacial John Evans (USGS) for his expertise on the scanning drift from the water in the bedrock. The entire length electron microscope and to Warren Wood (USGS) for of casing was lifted up 1.5 m in the hole and then making those analyses possible. Thanks are extended dropped into place to insure that the grout filled the to Jane Parks from UNH for completing point count annular space. The casing was hammered or advanced analyses of petrographic thin sections, and to up to 0.3 to 0.5 m into the rock to assure a tight fit. Christopher VanNess (UNH) for completing x-ray Once the grout set, an air-percussion tool was used to diffraction analyses. The authors appreciate the ream-out the grout in the bottom of the casing and to cooperation of Curds Crow and Kerrie Hartshorn of penetrate the bedrock to the total depth of the the U.S. and Geodetic Survey in providing borehole. The finished borehole is defined as the open Global Positioning System surveys of borehole hole from the bottom of the casing to the extent locations, roads and base-map control points. drilled.

APPROACH AND METHODS OF INVESTIGATION 7 Continuous-Core Collection with increasing depth. Zones that were completely fragmented and reduced to angular pieces that could Cores were taken in selected boreholes in order not be reconstructed were stored in plastic bags, to collect rock samples from the subsurface that were labeled, and placed in sequence. All breaks in the rock less disturbed than the samples collected by air- were determined to be either natural fractures or percussion drilling. The cored holes were near drilling or handling induced (Kulander and others, vertical as no attempt was made to drill inclined core 1979 and 1990; Pollard and Aydin, 1988). The holes. Bedrock core, which measures approximately locations of natural fractures and completely 5 cm in diameter, was obtained in three boreholes fragmented zones were described in terms of position (FSE5, TR2, and CO7) (fig. 1). After coring was in the and depth from land surface. completed, the cored holes were reamed to approxi­ When the amount of core retrieved was less than mately 15 cm in diameter by air-percussion drilling. the distance that was cored, the depth to the fractures A -impregnated carbide bit was used along the length of the core was estimated by one of with a rotary-coring tool to cut the rock. Two coring two methods. The first method, which is preferred by methods were used to retrieve the core samples. A the authors, uses the drilling logs to identify the exact conventional core-barrel system was used to obtain location of fractures. The second method uses the 46 m of core from borehole FSE5. A wire-line system depth to the bottom of the drill rod, which is the best was used to obtain 46 m of core from borehole TR2 known location of the core. The bottom of the core and 15 m of core from observation borehole CO7. sample is determined as the depth of the bottom of the The wire-line method allows the drill rod to remain in drill rod, and depth locations of fractures in the core the hole, while the core barrel is pulled up the are determined relative to that known depth. This borehole through the drill rod on a wire line. This second method attempts to limit possible errors in the method saves time and also reduces the possibility of depth of fractures over a short interval. For example, the borehole collapsing that sometimes occurs when if a 1.5 m core were drilled, but only 1 m was removing the entire length of drill rod and conven­ recovered, then the pieces would be reconstructed and tional core barrel at the end of each run (1.5 or 3 m labeled relative to the position of the bottom of the advancement). core barrel. In this method the lost core is positioned Field observations recorded at the time of coring at the top of the run. Core recovery from the three include the rate and smoothness of coring, the loss or cored holes averaged 99.1 percent, and so these two gain of circulating wash water, and changes in color of methods were used infrequently. the wash water. The rate of penetration for each core Fracture faces were examined for weathering sample was recorded, since the speed of drilling is an and degree of alteration and mineralization, such as, indication of the relative hardness of the rock. In , , clay, and manganese or iron hydroxide. addition, changes in the rate of drilling over short If partial or total coatings or fracture fillings were distances, the roughness of drilling, or "sinking" of the found, notations were made in the drilling logs. The drill rods indicates incompetent zones, such as fracture length of all pieces and fracture angles were measured zones, faults, very soft rocks, or altered zones. It is and recorded. Solid-rock sections were described in important to observe and note these zones at the time terms of rock type, , , and color. of drilling because sometimes the rock samples from The mechanical aperture of the reconstructed core was these locations are not recovered in the core, and the not measured. amount of core recovered is less than the distance that was cored. Once the core barrel was retrieved, the core was Air-Percussion Rotary Drilling extracted from the core barrel and set in a box. The core was photographed, and the fractures and Air-percussion rotary drilling uses a hollow- lithologic contacts were documented. The core was stem drill rod attached to a percussion-cutting tool, reconstructed by matching the pieces together. Each which simultaneously rotates and hammers the rock. piece was marked with an arrow that indicated the With this method the drilling fluid, compressed air, upward direction, labeled, described, and stored for and a small amount of water are forced down the future use. Core pieces were numbered sequentially center of the drill rods and through the air hammer to

8 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire evacuate water and rock fragments from the borehole decrease in the rate of penetration is likely caused by a and to cool the drill bit. The air, water, and cuttings change in rock type. Sometimes weathered zones are are forced up the wellbore annulus to the land surface. indicated by iron-oxide staining and crumbling or If a borehole does not produce sufficient amounts of friable rocks that are at the bedrock surface or deep in water, water is added to the drilling fluid to prevent the boreholes. Fracture zones in the bedrock often , caking, and collaring of the rock can be identified in the process of drilling. The drill fragments downhole. If a collar of rock fragments cuttings in these zones are frequently larger than drill adheres to the rods downhole, the evacuation of the cuttings from more competent rock and are sometimes borehole can be impeded or completely blocked. The iron stained or friable. As the drill rod penetrates a addition of water generally removes the blockage, and fracture, the fracture can cause "chattering" or rough cuttings and water are transported to the land surface. drilling. In addition, the presence of fractures can Water used for drilling purposes was obtained from cause an increase or a decrease in the amount of Mirror Lake. drilling fluid. These signs, which indicate the presence of fractures, were recorded. Sample-Collection Methods for Air-Percussion Rotary Drilling Identification of Water-Bearing Zones in Boreholes During Drilling In air-percussion rotary drilling, rock fragments (cuttings) and fluids are returned to the land surface Identification of the locations of water-bearing under the force of the compressed air. The rock zones can be determined during drilling by carefully fragments generally measure from a fine dust size to a observing the volumetric flow rate and the actions of few centimeters in length. Samples were collected at the driller. If the driller has not changed the injection the land surface over regular intervals of 1.5 m in rate of the drilling fluid, then any change in the depth or at any changes in rock units. A sample was volumetric flow rate can indicate the presence of collected by placing a sieve at the well head such that underground fractures. An increase in the flow rate a continuous stream of rock fragments was deposited indicates the drill bit has penetrated a water-bearing in it. Rock chips measuring 1 to 2 mm in diameter zone. A sudden decrease in the flow rate is caused by were sieved and washed in a wire-mesh strainer, and the presence of a fracture or fractures that are were transferred to plastic bags for storage. If the conducting water away from the borehole. Although coarse portion of the sample looked significantly this method of observation is not highly quantitative, it different than the fine portion, the fine portion was also can be used for locating the major water-bearing zones sampled. For example, when all of the rock cuttings in boreholes. One disadvantage is that the method is observed in the wash water were grayish black and the insensitive to low-yielding zones. During the drilling coarse portion of the sample, which was obtained by process, if there was a change in volumetric flow rate, sieving, was predominantly white, both portions were the depth and the volume of the change were noted. sampled. In this example, all of the fine-grained dark minerals () were preferentially removed by washing the sample. Thus, by sampling the fine and Borehole Development and Drillers' the coarse portions of the rock fragments, a represen­ Short-Term Yield tative sample was obtained. The boreholes were minimally developed at the Field observations made at the time of drilling end of drilling for two purposes: (1) to clean the include depth, drilling rates, smoothness of drilling, boreholes of particles and debris and (2) to provide a size of rock fragments, changes in lithology and well-driller's estimate of short-term yield. amount and color of the drilling fluid, and the amount of cuttings returned to the land surface. The rate of Development penetration indicates the relative hardness of the rocks. When the drilling rate increases rapidly, it Once the borehole was drilled to its completed indicates that there is a change in rock type or a depth, compressed air was discharged through the drill discontinuity, such as a fracture or . A rapid stem and drill bit and into the borehole. The air forced

APPROACH AND METHODS OF INVESTIGATION 9 the evacuation of the water and small rock fragments before any inflatable packers were installed in the and particles from the borehole. Each borehole was boreholes for long-term water-level monitoring (Hsieh minimally developed this way until the water cleared and others, 1996). The water levels were measured of rock fragments or for at least 1 hour. The length of using a calibrated electric tape or a steel tape to the these tests varied but typically lasted 20 to 30 minutes. nearest one-hundredth of a foot and converted to Water from the drill truck was used to clean the metric values. The water levels were measured from borehole when there was insufficient water production the top of casing and converted to altitude above sea in the borehole. The production rate of water coming level. from the fractures intersecting the borehole was used as an estimate of short term yield. Borehole-Imaging Methods Drillers' Short-Term Yield Borehole-imaging methods were used to Short-term yield was estimated by the driller improve interpretations of the rock types that after developing the borehole. This estimate is previously were based only on initial logs made at the frequently referred to as the "well driller's yield", the time of drilling and later detailed examinations of drill "blow-test", or an air-lift test. The water that is cuttings. Submersible color video cameras were used removed from the borehole by compressed air is to view bedrock and fractures in boreholes to verify channeled into a calibrated container for measurement. and describe rock types in the boreholes. The video The rate at which the water is removed from the images were used to describe texture, grain-size, color, borehole is monitored, as the rate is increased or contacts of rock types, occurrence and details of decreased, until the maximum rate that can be fractures, , folds, and faults, as well as the sustained without dewatering the borehole is condition of the borehole wall. Video images provide determined. Usually, the rate of flow is greatly a direct verification and precise location of contacts reduced after several seconds to minutes. This change between rock types and fractures. In addition, video in flow indicates that the borehole storage has been images can be used to describe fracture zones that are removed from the borehole. Most often the flow rate sometimes missing from, or completely fragmented in, stabilizes; in some cases, however, the boreholes are the bedrock core. Comparisons of interpretations of blown dry and the fractures that intersect the borehole borehole video, core, and drilling logs indicate that the are unable to sustain yield. Usually the driller can interpretations are similar. The similarities indicate reduce the force of the air lift such that a sustainable that video borehole imaging is an effective, practical, well yield can be measured. Short-term yield is and low-cost alternative to coring for the purpose of routinely measured by well drillers for home owners characterizing rock types and fractures and for and for reporting agencies, and these measurements assessing the integrity of the borehole. are considered reliable indicators of yield compared to Two submersible color video cameras were used short-term aquifer-production tests (Paillet and in this investigation. From June through August 1992, Duncanson, 1994; and Borchers, 1996). Borchers the camera system with a digital-depth indicator (in (1996), however, noted that the short-term yields whole feet) superimposed on the analog picture was measured in crystalline rocks are not good indicators used. In order to evaluate and locate the occurrence of of long-term sustained production. fractures more accurately than one-foot intervals, the distance from the upper expression of a fracture in the borehole to the bottom of the fracture was determined Measurement of Water Level by directly measuring the displacement of the logging cable at land surface, and was recorded in the field. In The water level is greatly affected by the August 1994 and August 1995, the camera used had drilling process. Sometimes it takes a few days for the digital depth indicators that recorded depths in water level to rise to a static level after drilling, but increments of tenths of feet. For all borehole surveys, generally the water level in the bedrock recovers the depth measurements were referenced to the top of overnight. All water levels were measured in open the steel casing. All depth measurements were holes after the borehole recovered from drilling and converted to metric for reporting.

10 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire Techniques and equipment for borehole imaging composition. SEM and XRF analyses were used in all borehole surveys are described by Johnson used to identify the size and shape of mineral grains, (1996). The submersible borehole color video camera to determine mineralogy and elemental composition, systems had two lighthead attachments with two and to characterize the pores between mineral grains. perspectives of the borehole. One lighthead attach­ The equipment and methods of analyses are described ment permitted a view of the borehole looking down by Marshal and others (1986). SEM magnifications of the borehole, the other permitted a view of the 10 to 20,000 times were used in order to obtain borehole wall. All boreholes were surveyed with the information on the mineral shape and morphology of two light attachments. the samples. The general composition of the samples The dip of planar features (such as fractures or was determined by the XRF tool, which measures the foliation) in the borehole was determined by a energy dispersion of the samples. Mineral identifica­ combination of measurement and computation. The tions were based on the composition and physical vertical distance from the top of the feature to the properties of the minerals. The SEM and XRF tools bottom of the feature was measured along the axis of can be used to indicate general or relative abundance the borehole. A constant borehole diameter of of mineral content, but the results should not be 152 mm was assumed, and the angle at which the considered accurate chemical analyses. fracture intersects the borehole was calculated using In addition, x-ray diffraction techniques, which right angle trigonometry. Because the borehole can be make use of the crystallographic spacing of minerals, inclined, this angle is not necessarily the true dip of were used to determine the mineralogy of selected the feature. In addition, in zones where the borehole samples. Six samples of rock fragments obtained by has an enlarged diameter, the actual dip of a feature drilling were crushed, pulverized, and analyzed by would be less than the angle estimated by this method. powdered x-ray diffraction techniques. Samples for x-ray diffraction were specifically collected from highly altered, fractured, or faulted zones within Mlneralogic and Petrographic Analyses boreholes whose mineralogy was difficult to distin­ guish in hand samples. These analyses provide the Rock fragments collected during drilling were relative proportion of the minerals in the sample and examined using a hand lens and binocular microscope are quantitative. to determine fragment color, texture, and mineralogy. Descriptive colors of the rock fragments are referenced to a standardized rock color chart Data-Collection Sites and Borehole- (Geological Society of America, 1991). Naming Conventions Detailed analyses were performed on represen­ tative samples from rock outcrops and rock fragments Boreholes in the study area were located in obtained from boreholes to describe the mineralogy, order to provide data over various scales. Twenty- , and geochemistry of rocks in the study area. three boreholes are clustered in two well fields. The Thin sections were made from 11 rock samples from a boreholes in the well fields are separated by 10 to nearby interstate highway outcrop (fig. 1) and 7 were 40 m. At least one borehole in each well field was made from rock fragments obtained from drilling drilled to a depth greater than 175 m. The rest of the boreholes. The thin sections of the rock fragments boreholes in the well fields were drilled to a depth of were made by embedding the fragments in epoxy. approximately 75 m (table 1). Seventeen boreholes Thirteen thin-section samples were analyzed by use of are areally distributed throughout the subbasin. The a polarizing microscope and a scanning electron areally distributed boreholes were installed in order to microscope energy-dispersive x-ray fluorescence define the geology and hydrology on a scale of spectrometer (SEM-XRF). Polarizing-microscope hundreds of meters; therefore, these boreholes are analyses were done on the thin sections to provide spaced several hundred meters apart. Locations of detailed information about the mineral composition, boreholes are indicated on figure 1. These boreholes texture, and structure of the rocks. Point counts, based were drilled to depths of 150 to 305 m, where on a minimum of 500 points, were performed on 10 conditions permitted. In borehole FS5, excessive thin sections to determine the relative abundance of water production and borehole instability

APPROACH AND METHODS OF INVESTIGATION 11 (at approximately 64 m below land surface) prevented The transmissive properties of the bedrock are drilling the borehole to a depth similar to the other primarily controlled by fractures. The hydraulic areally distributed boreholes. conductivity of the fractures is much greater than the In this report, boreholes are referenced by a hydraulic conductivity of the matrix. Hence, ground borehole-numbering system that is unique to this water is stored and transmitted primarily through the study. Each borehole is classified with a 2- or 3-letter fractures. The bedrock aquifer in the Mirror Lake prefix that indicates the landowner, and is followed by study area is typical of most crystalline-rock , a sequential number. The borehole name TR2, for which are characterized by a low primary and example, was assigned to the second borehole low hydraulic conductivity. The primary porosity, installed on the Town Road property. The prefix "FS" measured in 20 samples of granite from the Mirror refers to the boreholes that are located on Forest Lake area, ranged from 1.07 to 2.32 percent and had a Service property; whereas "FSE" refers to a specific mean value of 1.46 percent (Wood and others, 1996). location on the Forest Service land called the Forest Results of detailed hydraulic testing of boreholes Service Experimental well field (fig. 1). indicate a high degree of areal and vertical variation in The boreholes were also assigned identifiers hydraulic properties. Results of hydraulic testing consistent with the USGS site-identifying system, indicate that the hydraulic conductivity of fractures which is based on latitude and longitude. The 15-digit measured over discrete (3-5 m) intervals ranges over identification number consists of 6 digits for latitude, six orders of magnitude (Hsieh and Shapiro, 1996). 7 digits for longitude, and 2 digits (assigned sequen­ Because most of the flow is through the tially) for adjacent sites located in the same 1-square- fractures, it is necessary to characterize the geometry second area. Although this borehole-naming conven­ of the fracture system in the subsurface. The parame­ tion is based on latitude and longitude, it should not be ters that are frequently used to describe the used for exact coordinate locations. Exact borehole fractures location, orientation, aperture, length, locations are shown in table 1. Boreholes were connectedness, and properties of the adjacent rock located using a Global Positioning System (GPS) (Barton and Hsieh, 1989, and Long and others, (Curtis Crow, U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey, written 1992) can be collected in boreholes. The next step, commun., 1994) and standard surveying techniques. which is beyond the scope of this report, is to relate The northern and eastern locations of boreholes are these geologic and geometric data to the hydraulic accurate to within 10 m. In the CO and FSE well properties in boreholes. fields, one borehole was designated as a datum, and all of the other borehole locations were surveyed relative to that datum to a 30 cm accuracy. The altitude of the Bedrock Geology top of casing and land surface were measured to 0.3 to 0.9 mm accuracy (except for the boreholes noted in The Mirror Lake study area lies in the Gander table 1) using standard surveying techniques. The , one of three litho-tectonic in New altitudes are referenced to local benchmarks that were Hampshire (Boudette, 1990). This region is also established by the U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey. assigned to the central Maine terrane (Eusden and Lyons, 1993) and to the Kearsarge-central Maine HYDROGEOLOGIC SETTING synclinorium (Lyons and others, 1982), which was formerly referred to as the Merrimack synclinorium by Complex ground-water-flow patterns in the Billings (1956). These various names refer to a Mirror Lake study area indicate a high degree of northeast-tending belt or region that is comprised of interconnection between surface water, unconsoli- clay-rich that were eroded from the dated deposits, and bedrock (Winter, 1984). The flow Bronson Hill anticlinorium and deposited in a basin patterns also indicate the flow system is highly hetero­ during the Silurian and Devonian. The sediments geneous, and the flow is predominantly controlled by were subsequently metamorphosed and deformed (1) topography, (2) the presence of surface-water during the Acadian orogeny and possibly the bodies, which act as sinks, and (3) the extent and Alleghanian orogeny. The bedrock has undergone permeability of overburden deposits (Harte and multiple deformations, leaving it complexly folded, Winter, 1994). fractured, and intruded by igneous rocks. Four phases

12 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire of deformation and four phases of folding have been recognized to the north (Eusden and Lyons, 1993) and to the southeast (Eusden and others, 1987). Thompson and others (1993) and Eusden and Lyons (1993) provide a detailed history of structural deformation in the central Maine terrane. The general history of structural deformation includes large-scale folding and faulting, the formation of , and doming of pre­ existing structures. Partial melting of pre-existing rocks formed migmatites and caused anatectic granites, generally in sheet-like tabular bodies, to be injected into the stratigraphic layers of the metasedi- ments. The local of the Woodstock quadrangle and the Mirror Lake area, which was mapped by Lyons and others (1997), is predominantly the Silurian Rangeley Formation. The Rangeley here Figure 3. Bedrock in highway outcrop near Mirror Lake in is a pelitic schist of sillimanite-grade Grafton County, New Hampshire. (Lyons and others, 1997). These metasedimentary McHone (1984) mapped Mesozoic dikes in the rocks, which were previously assigned to the northeastern Appalachians, and provided age, Devonian Littleton Formation by Billings (1955), have composition relations, and the implied history of stress been reinterpreted and reassigned to the lower and field rotation. fields, which McHone upper parts of the Rangeley Formation, and are (1984) determined relative to the orientation of considered to be 438-428 Mega-annum (Ma). Mesozoic intrusion controlled the orientation of Folding, faulting, metamorphism, and igneous dike and sill emplacement. These fields were similar intrusions associated with the Acadian and possibly to the results of a detailed study of brittle deformation Alleghanian orogeny have resulted in a complex distri­ by Hardcastle and Albaugh (1990). Hardcastle and bution of lithology and fractures. The variability and Albaugh (1990) analyzed 3,000 mineralized fractures, complexity of the rock types that are exposed on the veins, and dikes, which formed as a result of highway outcrop are shown in figure 3. The host rock continental rifting and tectonism in the northeastern was intruded by granitoids (felsic igneous intrusions), Appalachians. These data were used to determine the pegmatites, and diabase. The granitoids in the eastern chronology and implied stress fields during the part of the study area are predominantly anatectic, Mesozoic. two- granite of the Devonian Concord Granite The current ambient is the result of (370-365 Ma) (Armstrong and Boudette, 1984; Lyons the combination of contemporary tectonic stress and and others, 1997). The granitoids also include local stresses, such as unloading. Work completed by gneissic textured Bethlehem Granodiorite (Lyons and Borchers and others (1993) and Zoback and Zoback others, 1997), which was previously referred to as (1989) indicates a correlation between the contempo­ Bethlehem Gneiss (Billings, 1956). rary stress field and the anisotropy of fracture permeability, with the most open fractures being In parts of the area west of Norris Brook, (fig. 2) perpendicular to the minimal stress component. There the granitoids are typically Kinsman Granodiorite appears to be some variability in the measurements of (Barton, 1997). Partial melting of the country rocks the orientation of the current stress field in New has resulted in migmatite gneisses, which are found England (Gephart and Forsyth, 1985; Zoback and throughout the study area. Pegmatites and aplites Zoback, 1989). The current state-of-stress has not (likely differentiates of the granitoids) are intruded been measured locally. Plumb and others (1984), into the metasediments and the granitoids (Olson, however, report the orientation of near-surface 1941). The diabase dikes of Middle-Jurassic through maximum compressive stress in New Hampshire is Early Cretaceous age (190-95 Ma) (McHone, 1984) N50°E + 33°, based on a statistical analysis of existing are found cross-cutting all other rock units. stress data.

HYDROGEOLOGIC SETTING 13 Surficial Geology Water-Bearing Zones Identified in Boreholes During Drilling Approximately 97 percent of the bedrock are overlain by Wisconsinian-age unconsolidated glacial Boreholes were identified during drilling, as deposits characterized by sandy, silty till with some boreholes usually have one or two water-bearing stratified drift deposited in ice-contact, outwash, and zones that can be identified in the drilling process. deposits. Till typically ranges from Water-bearing (and water-yielding) zones that were 0 to 10 m thick, but in the topographic or ridge identified during the drilling generally were confirmed northwest of Mirror Lake near borehole TR2, it is as later by borehole flowmeter and hydraulic testing. much as 50 m thick. This sandy till is predominantly These geophysical and hydraulic borehole techniques, ablation till (Carl Koteff, U.S. Geological Survey, oral however, are capable of identifying other zones that commun., 1995). The most permeable stratified drift have much lower permeability than can be detected in is located in a valley south of Mirror Lake (Winter, the drilling process. Comparison of water-bearing 1984) and in the Pemigewasset River Valley (Cotton zones detected during drilling and the results of and Olimpio, 1996). The extent, location, and flowmeter logging for selected boreholes is shown in hydraulic conductivity of stratified-drift deposits in the figure 4. The flowmeter log for Rl (fig. 4a) indicates 3 study area greatly affect the recharge from the inflow zones, at depth intervals 20.7 to 24.7 m, 33.5 to overburden to bedrock aquifers (Harte, 1992). 39.0 m, and 45.7 to 50.3 m. These inflow zones also During Pleistocene glaciation, ice sheets were detected while drilling this borehole, as noted in scoured the bedrock surface removing weathered the figure. bedrock and soils. The bedrock was subsequently There are some limitations to the identification covered by glacial deposits. Isolated exposures of of water-bearing zones during drilling. The detailed flowmeter log for IS1 (fig. 4b) indicates inflow zones saprolite, formed from small pockets of soil and at 24, 30, 111, and 124 m depth. These zones coincide weathered bedrock that were not glacially removed, with the major water-bearing zones that were have been identified in isolated outcrops throughout identified while drilling (24 m, 111 m, and 124 m). New Hampshire (Goldthwait and Kruger, 1938). These three zones are noted on the right side of Saprolite, however, was neither identified in boreholes figure 4b with arrows. Although a fracture at 29.5 m drilled as part of this study nor observed in the shallow was identified during drilling, it did not produce boreholes that were drilled through the overburden in additional water. The zones at 111 and 124 m were a related study in the Mirror Lake area (Harte, 1997). high yielding zones that were estimated at 75 and 375 L/min, respectively. A fracture below these DETECTION OF WATER-BEARING ZONES flowing zones would have to add a significant amount AND ESTIMATION OF DRILLERS' YIELD of flow in order to be detected during drilling. This AND WATER LEVELS IN BOREHOLES method is effective only for identifying the major water-bearing zones in a borehole if they significantly The methods and tests described in this section increase the flow. This method is not effective in are used routinely by well drillers and hydrogeologists boreholes that have extremely low yield. The in New England to identify water-bearing zones and flowmeter log for FSE12 indicates an inflow zone at a estimate yield. Measurements made at the time of depth of 56 m. Inflow zones were not observed while drilling, are considered to be "quick and dirty" drilling FSE12, however, and the estimated well- estimates of hydraulic properties of boreholes. These driller's yield was 2.8 L/min. FSE12 is an example of measurements can be compared to the detailed and the limitation of this method and indicates that special­ precise measurements of flow and hydraulic properties ized tools, such as a borehole flowmeter, are required determined from discrete-interval hydraulic and tracer for the detection and measurement of all water-bearing tests, pumping tests, and borehole flowmeter surveys. zones in boreholes.

14 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire (a) R1 (b) IS1 WATER-BEARING WATER-BEARING UPWARDS FLOW, ZON ES IDENTIFIED UPWARDS FLOW, ZQNES , DENT, F| ED IN LITER/MINUTE DURING DR| LLING IN LITER/MIN UTE DUR|NQ DR|LUNG 0 0.5 1 .0 1.5 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 0 I ......

< » t 20 « i 25.9 meters 20 I inflow 24m i inflow 36.1m ( t ^ - O 40 CJ ^ i 45.7m Z ^A Z 40 CO CO < H inflow O 0 ' LL LL O 60 - - 0 Q_ I > Q. O 60 ~ g ^ O . - | UJ 8° LU CO CO CO CO 80 _ _ oc QC » 111 LU < W 100 - LU z i Z i x" ( I 100 - ( 1- Q. i Q_ UJ 120 111 Him Q Q i * inflow

120 ^ inflow J24m 140 - ^

- i 140 - 160 - , - 1fifi 1 , , ,!,,., .... 1<;9 i i i i i i i i i i i i i i

Figure 4. Comparison of flowmeter logs that show upward vertical flow in boreholes R1 (4a) and IS1 (4b) under pumping conditions with water-bearing zones that were identified while drilling the boreholes near Mirror Lake in Grafton County, New Hampshire.

Drillers' Yield boreholes (table 2). The depths of these boreholes ranged from 61 to 305 m below land surface. Drillers' Once the borehole was drilled to the final depth, yields from boreholes in the study area were compared compressed air was used to remove residual rock to yields obtained throughout Grafton County and fragments and particles from the borehole. The were found to be similar (Joseph Olimpio, boreholes were only minimally developed. The duration of borehole development varied from 15 min U.S. Geological Survey, written commun., 1996). to 1 hour. Estimates of the total yield of the borehole For this analysis, all boreholes with known yield, were made during and after development. diameter, date drilled, depth to water, and total depth The drillers' yields ranged from less than were used. The Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitley test was 2.84 L/min to greater than 378.48 L/min for the used to compare the two data sets of yield values.

DETECTION OF WATER-BEARING ZONES AND ESTIMATION OF DRILLERS' YIELD AND WATER LEVELS IN BOREHOLES 15 Table 2. Water levels and well-drillers' estimates of yield Water Levels in Boreholes in boreholes installed near Mirror Lake in Grafton County, New Hampshire The water levels listed in table 2 were measured [All length measurements are in meters. Altitudes are above sea level. Depths are below land surface. , no data; +, indicates water level is above after drilling the boreholes and represent a hydraulic top of casing (flowing); -, indicates approximation] head value for the entire open hole. Typically, the Altitude of water levels are in the steel casing. In a few boreholes, Well name - Depth to Yield, in Top of Water water level liters/minute the water level is above the land surface or even above casing level the casing, which results in a flowing borehole. The C01 217.69 215.83 1.86 static water levels in boreholes COS, CO6, FS5, and CO2 216.87 215.75 1.12 - FS4 are above the land surface, and TR2, FS6, and C03 215.41 214.86 0.55 56.7-75.7 CO 10 flow during most of the year. The water levels CO4 216.11 213.83 2.28 7.57 in table 2 were obtained as part of a long-term water- CO5 217.38 215.59 1.79 18.92 level monitoring program (Richard L. Perkins, U.S. Geological Survey, written commun., 1995). CO6 217.37 217.37 0.00 7.57 The water levels were measured after the boreholes CO7 215.92 214.33 1.59 7.57 recovered from the hydraulic stresses of borehole COS 217.83 214.79 3.04 35.95 drilling and before pneumatic packers were installed CO9 217.85 215.28 2.57 7.57 for multi-level water-level monitoring. CO10 215.78 +215.78 Flow 13.25 con 225.74 218.88 6.86 11.35 CHARACTERIZATION OF LITHOLOGY FS1 261.88 255.88 6.00 45.42 AND FRACTURES FS2 255.71 241.56 14.15 - FS3 274.45 267.28 7.17 56.77 A detailed description of rock units observed in FS4 350.50 394.04 1.46 13.25 outcrop and in the subsurface is provided in this FSE1 240.20 233.79 6.41 15.14 section. The rocks exposed in the highway roadcut are generally similar to the rocks in the boreholes. The FSE2 241.06 233.28 7.78 3.78 roadcut obviously provides a better opportunity to FSE3 241.01 233.62 7.39 2.84 view the rocks than does a borehole that measures FSE4 241.26 233.73 7.53 ~ about 15 cm in diameter. Geologic names were not FSE5 242.36 233.74 8.62 7.57 assigned to the rocks in the boreholes but the schists FSE6 242.88 235.20 7.68 30.28 probably correspond to the metamorphic rocks of the Silurian-age Rangeley Formation (Lyons and others, FSE7 242.31 233.11 9.20 6.62 1997). The granite is most likely anatectic, two-mica FSE8 242.27 235.06 7.21 3.57 granite of the Devonian Concord Granite (Armstrong FSE9 242.82 235.12 7.70 22.71 and Boudette, 1984; Lyons and others, 1982; FSE10 244.33 235.51 8.82 3.78 J.B. Lyons, Dartmouth College, written commun., FSE11 242.59 235.03 7.56 22.71 1994). Gneissic textured igneous rocks are likely the FSE12 243.71 235.51 8.20 2.84 Bethlehem Granodiorite (J.B. Lyons, written FSE13 240.61 234.97 5.64 22.71 commun., 1994) or the Kinsman Granodiorite (Barton, HI 232.15 217.58 14.57 2.84 1997). The diabase probably corresponds to the IS1 224.67 218.30 6.37 283.9-378.5 lamprophyric intrusions of Middle-Jurassic through Kl 215.40 213.57 1.83 ~ Early Cretaceous age (McHone, 1984). Studies of fractures in the highway rock outcrop K2 215.18 211.28 3.90 __ (fig. 3) indicate that the fractures in granite are more K3 209.28 207.45 1.83 numerous, more planar, and are shorter than the Rl 256.67 249.69 6.98 30.28 fractures observed in the metasedimentary rocks Tl 229.08 224.85 4.23 37.85 (Barton, 1996). Additional work, perhaps employing TR1 249.29 228.44 20.85 - the method of Terzaghi (1965), would be required to TR2 232.94 232.94 0 30.28 determine if the fracturing observed in the boreholes is similar to the fractures investigated in the highway FS5 ~ 499.2 499.20 0 378.48 outcrop. The Terzaghi method accounts for the FS6 - 243.8 237.97 5.83 45.42 vertical bias of the fracture sampling that is inherent in 9.46 RR1 ~ 184.4 181.11 3.29 vertical to near vertical boreholes.

16 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire Description of Rock Units in the Study Table 3. Results of petrographic point-count analysis of selected rock samples from the highway outcrop near Area Mirror Lake in Grafton County, New Hampshire [S indicates schist; G indicates granite; and P indicates pegmatite; --, no Six major rock types, including schist, gneiss, data] granite, pegmatite, diabase, and migmatite, have been Mineral composition identified in the bedrock outcrops, drill cuttings, and (percent) borehole video images in the Mirror Lake area. Each Musco- rock unit is described in detail in this section. The Sample Quartz Pla9'°' vit® Biotite Opaques rock units are distinguished by their color, texture, clase and form, contact relations, and mineralogy. A view of the sericite bedrock outcrop in the exposure along the highway is SCHIST shown in figure 3. SI 10 5 20 60 None Some Sl-2 10 10 20 60 Some Some Schist, Gneiss and Migmatite Sl-3 25 15 20 40 Some Some GRANITOIDS The schists and gneisses of the Mirror Lake G2 20 15 25 30 Some None region contain a foliation comprised of biotite, G2-1 60 10 15 15 Some None , and sometimes sillimanite. Some schists G2-2 50 20 10 20 Some Few exhibit fine banding or thicker felsic layers, augen, and G2-3 30 25 20 20 Few None folded foliation. Characteristic features of schist G3-1 15 40 Some Some include boudins, coticule layers, and layers of 25 20 quartzite and calc-silicate. Layers of fine-grained G5 20 20 30 30 Some None quartz and garnet, which are referred to as coticule, PEGMATITE -- and impure quartzite layers, which consist of quartz, P2 25 40 30 Some Few garnet, , chlorite, and amphibole, are locally abundant in the schist. Petrographic analyses of schist samples from the highway outcrop and rock chips obtained by drilling indicate that the schists are 1 to 25 cm wide with 1 to 5 cm wide foliated, biotite- comprised of biotite, muscovite, quartz, and plagio- rich layers. In general, the schists and gneisses exhibit clase with lesser amounts of garnet, , , more foliation than the granites and are darker. and (tables 3 and 4). In table 4, Partial melting of the sedimentary rocks in the minerals that were identified in the sample are denoted study area has produced migmatite and migmatitic with an "X." The relative elemental compositions are shown for selected minerals. The elemental composi­ gneiss (Winkler, 1979; Alien, 1992; and Dougan, tions are listed in decreasing proportions below the 1981). Migmatites are generally grayish in color. "X." They appear to be a swirly, layered mixture of The schists are gray to brownish black with granitic-looking and schistose-looking units. The some zones that are green, yellow, or white. In felsic-rich granitic layers, which are referred to as borehole video images, the coarse-grained and leucosomes, were melted and recrystallized. The reflect the downhole illumination and darker, biotite-rich layers, which were not completely appear shiny, whereas fine-grained schists appear melted, are called melanosomes. Migmatites dark. The schists exhibit moderately to highly sometimes exhibit gradational contacts with schist and schistose foliation. Compositional layering in the pegmatite. At outcrop scale, migmatites are schists, where present, is usually less than 2.5 cm in frequently ignored and are mapped as part of the thickness. The schist locally grades to gneiss, which is adjacent non-migmatized unit. At the scale of a very coarse grained (with individual grains measuring 1 to 2 cm in length) and exhibits less than 50 percent borehole, the view of the rocks surrounding the foliation. The metasedimentary gneiss is overall gray, borehole is limited. Hence, when migmatites were with alternating bands of white and gray to brownish identified in the boreholes, they could not be grouped black layers. The gneisses exhibit compositional with the adjacent rock units and were noted in the banding with quartzo-felsic layering approximately characterization of the subsurface lithology.

CHARACTERIZATION OF LITHOLOGY AND FRACTURES 17 Table 4. Minerals and relative amounts of compositional elements identified by scanning electron microscope and x-ray fluorescence spectrometry for selected ..bedrock.samples obtained from highway outcrops and boreholes near Mirror Lake in Grafton County, New Hampshire [Minerals identified in the sample are marked by X, and minerals not detected are indicated by N. For selected minerals where data was collected compositional elements are listed vertically below the X in order of decreasing quantity; m, meters: chips refer to cuttings collected at the time of drilling.] (0 Minerals 0) 3 Potassium _ . . _ , .^ .. _. .. a Sample name Biotite Muscovite Quartz , , . Garnet Calcite llmemte Zircon Monazite Pyrite Chlorite Sphene TI u o SI (schist) X X X X N N N N X X N N N N N , ;N c highway Fe Al Si Si Ti Zr ~ - tO O outcrop K Si O Al Fe Si - - y a sample Al K -- Ca Mn O - - 3 o Mg 0 -- 0 o .. - (D - .. N' Ti Fe Na U Ti ------5' O SI -2 (schist) X X X N N X N N X N X N N N N 3 N TI highway Fe, Si Si -- Fe Fe La - - O -- - -- 3 outcrop K Al 0 Mn -- -- Ti -- Ce o sample Si K -- -- Si -- -- Mn -- P -- -- 5'E: Al Fe Al - -- O - Th (O O -- -- -. - 5" 0 o ------u Ti Ti - - o .. to w Mg Na ------(5* JB G2 (granite) X X X X N N N N N N X N N N N N 5' highway ------Si Ce -- -- 3 outcrop ------Al La -- -- 5' sample -- - -- Ca P -- ' ------to -- Na o 2 ------O Th - -- 3 ------K ------1- Au 0> G5 (granite) X X X X X N N N N X X N N NX N to highway Fe K Si Si Si ------Zr Ce Ca -- to -- 0) outcrop K Si 0 Al K - - - -- Si La, Si sample Si Al -- Ca Al - - - - - Si Al - 0 _'_ 3 Al Fe _ O O ------Al K 3! o Ti -- - 3 TI Na o Ti o O 0 -- K P Mg -- o c Mg -- - -- Th, Fe -- 3 o ;< Mn ------Al Fe 1 - Z ------to o

0) 3 (A 3] to Table 4. Minerals and relative amounts of compositional elements identified by scanning electron microscope and x-ray fluorescence spectrometry for selected bedrock samples obtained from highway outcrops and boreholes near Mirror Lake in Grafton County, New Hampshire Continued

Minerals Potassium _ . . Sample name Biotite Muscovite Quartz Plagioclase , . . Garnet Apatite Calcite llmenite Zircon Monazite Pyrite Chlorite Pyroxene Sphene Magnetite feldspar r D (diabase) N N X X N NX N X N N NX X X N highway - - Si Si Ca -- Fe -- -- Fe Ca Fe - outcrop - -- O Al P - Ti - - Si Fe Si - sample - - ~ Ca 0 -- 0 - - Al Si K - - -- - K ------Mg Al Al ------Fe - -- - - ~ O Mg Ca - - ~ - O - - - - - K Ti - -- - - Na ------Mn Mg - - - -- Ti .. - - - - O O - .. Na 2p2 N X N X N NX X N N N X N N N X (pegmatite) - - - Si Ca Ca ------Fe - Fe highway - -- - Al P 0 ------S - Mn outcrop - - - O Mn ------0 sample -- - -- Na 0 ------K - - - - .. - - Diabase N N X X N N N N X N N X N X N N TR1 chips - -- Si Si - - Ti - -- Ca -- -- (at 57 m) - -- O Ca .. -- Fe -- -- Si -- -- O Al .. Mn Fe X .. .. Fe ._ O .. Al __ _. 33 O .. Cr Mg 0 .. Na -. .. .. K m 33 - - - - .. - - - - Ti - - N O H Granite N 3X X X X N N N N X X N N N N X O Z TR1 99- Si Si Si ~ Si La Fe O n 102-m chips - - O Al K - - Zr Ce .. -- 0 r~ - - - Ca Al - - Al P - - H O O K Th Oi- .. ._ _ Na _ _ _ Fe U ._ _. __ o - 0' ------O ~ - K -- - - < Granite X X X X X NX N N X X N N N N N z FSE5, 51.8- Fe Si Si Si Ca _ _ Zr La .. O -n 54.9-m chips Si K O Al P Si Ce 33 K Al O O P 0 Al O Na .- __ Th c Ti Na - K - - - - U - -- - m33 en O K ------O - - -- _^ Mg ------IN} Table 4. Minerals and relative amounts of compositional elements identified by scanning electron microscope and x-ray fluorescence spectrometry for selected O bedrock samples obtained from highway outcrops and boreholes near Mirror Lake in Grafton County, New Hampshire Continued

o Minerals 0 (O Sample name Biotite Muscovite Quartz Plagioclase o assium Gamet Apatite Calcite llmenite Zircon Monazite Pyrite Chlorite Pyroxene Sphene Magnetite Q> Q. n Granite/ FT X ' X X X NXNNNNXN N N ^^ ^'>I Pegmatite Al Si Si Si -- Ca ------S - n3 c FS3, chips Si O Al K P - - - Fe - 3 195-198 m K O Al - O o 3- O Na o - 0> Fe - - o3 Ti - - TR1 chips X X X N NXN NXN XNN N N N ~ o1 Schist Fe Al Fe - - Ti - 3n 136-137 m K Si Mn - - Fe 5 Al K ~ Si - - Mn - 3 Mg O - Al ~ o Ti Fe -- o -- 5' O Ti Ca CO 5" FSE-1 chips N X X X X XXNNNNNN N N N

(D Granite Si Si Si - Ca .. (0 (5* 35 -36.5 m O Al K P _ 5'u K Al - O .. .. - 3 Na 5'(A _ Ca _ -

(D 2 FS3, 193 m N N N N X NNNNNNXN N N N 3 .. - r- Si ------Fe 5" Al ------S

Z i atI 3o (0 Granitoids: Granites and Igneous Gneisses a coarse-grained, gray unit that contains quartz, plagioclase, microcline, biotite, muscovite, and garnet. Granitoids in the study area include the Concord The gneiss is strongly foliated and conformable with Granite, Bethlehem Granodiorite, and Kinsman Granodiorite (Lyons and others, 1997). These rocks the foliation of the surrounding country rocks. are all igneous intrusions. They are distinguished by Granitoids of this area, including the two-mica their composition and texture. The Concord Granite is granites, Bethlehem Granodiorite, and Kinsman a two-mica granite that typically exhibits an equigran- Granodiorite, exhibit moderate to high concentrations ular, hypidiomorphic-granular, sugary, fine-to-coarse­ of uranium (Lyons, 1964; Gunderson and Schurmann, grained texture. The composition of the two-mica 1993) and are considered to be potential sources of granite ranges from granite to quartz-monzonite and radon. The SEM and XRF analyses (table 4) indicate locally to tonalite. Two-mica granites are generally that the sources of uranium and thorium are the rare- leucocratic, creamy white to gray with an occasional earth element phosphates such as and greenish tinge. These anatectic granites, derived from monazite. In general, the granitoids have higher the melting of pre-existing rocks, were injected into radioactivity than the schists (Olson and Overstreet, the overlying host rocks. Commonly two-mica 1964; Gunderson and Schurmann, 1993). This is also granites are found in sheet-like, tabular bodies that confirmed by a comparison of natural-gamma have been intruded along preferred zones of weakness emissions (Paillet, 1985) and rock types in the that conform to the of the host rock. These boreholes at Mirror Lake. tabular bodies occasionally exhibit weak foliation Granite dikes observed in the highway outcrop comprised of biotite and muscovite, and sometimes vary in strike from N32°E to N78°E and dip from contain strongly foliated biotite schlieren, which are oriented parallel to major structural features in the host 56°E to 59°NW (Barton, 1996). In the boreholes in rock (Armstrong and Boudette, 1984). the CO well field, which is near the highway outcrop, The two-mica granites typically contain quartz, granite dikes ranged in strike from N25°E to 55°E and feldspar, microcline, oligoclase, biotite, muscovite, dipped 20 to 70°NW (Johnson, 1998). and sometimes chlorite replacing biotite. Petrographic analysis indicates that the two-mica granites are Pegmatites and Aplites devoid of amphiboles and magnetite. Tables 3 and 4 Pegmatites are characterized by their coarse­ show that the granitoids include accessory minerals of grained texture and are generally felsic and are light in garnet, pyrite, and apatite. They also contain trace color. Large individual crystals (4 cm in diameter) of amounts of zircon, monazite, and rarely sphene. Rock muscovite, biotite, feldspar, and quartz were observed samples, and borehole images reveal textural and in video images. Pegmatite frequently occurs in sheet- compositional variations in the two-mica granite that like, tabular bodies (dikes or sills) that are parallel to produce variations in color and fabric of the rock. The two-mica granite is locally aplitic and grades into the foliation of the host rock. Pegmatites are also gneissic migmatite. characterized as irregular shaped masses, lenses, and pods. Pegmatites and aplites observed in the highway The Kinsman Granodiorite and Bethlehem outcrop vary in orientation from N09°E, 34°SE to Granodiorite are strongly foliated igneous gneisses (orthogneisses) that have been assigned to the New N68°E, 48°SE (Barton, 1996). Hampshire Plutonic Suite (Lyons and others, 1997). Pegmatite was easily identified in the drill The Kinsman Granodiorite is a cuttings and in the borehole-video surveys by the granodiorite that has a dark-gray matrix and felsic characteristically large mica flakes (biotite or (usually orthoclase) phenocrysts. It ranges in muscovite) and felsic minerals. Petrographic analyses composition from tonalite to granite and contains indicate pegmatite is comprised mostly of albitic potassium feldspar and garnet phenocrysts in a matrix feldspar, microcline, muscovite, quartz, biotite, garnet comprised of plagioclase, microcline, quartz, biotite, and trace sphene, magnetite, sulfide minerals, and muscovite. It often contains inclusions of the monazite, and (or) allanite. Feldspar is frequently as . The composition of the altered to sericite, which is a white, fibrous mica Bethlehem gneiss ranges from granite to tonalite. It is formed during retrograde metamorphism.

CHARACTERIZATION OF LITHOLOGY AND FRACTURES 21 Locally, pegmatites correspond to high-gamma- dikes were injected into fractures in schist and activity counts that are observed in natural-gamma- granitoids resulting in sheet-like tabular bodies. Chill radiation surveys in boreholes (Paillet, 1985; Paillet margins along the edges of the diabase dikes and their and Kapucu, 1989). These gamma-photon emissions extremely fine-grained texture indicate rapid cooling are likely caused by the radioactive decay of of the diabase following injection. Diabase in the potassium (40K) in biotites and by radioactive decay boreholes and outcrops cross-cuts the granitoids and of uranium and thorium in the rare-earth element schist. Diabase dikes occur in the boreholes over a phosphate minerals. The biotites that were observed range of depths, and range from sub horizontal to sub in the thin-section samples exhibited zone damage vertical. The diabase exhibits an aphanitic (extremely from radioactive decay. These observations are fine-grained), panidiomorphic-granular matrix. consistent with Gunderson and Schurmann (1993) and Contacts are sharp and exhibit an extremely fine Lyons (1964) who noted that the pegmatites associated grained matrix along the margins. The diabase dikes with two-mica granites often had the highest uranium exhibit thermally induced fractures that formed during content and radioactivity in the state. The fact that the cooling process. These thermal joints are high counts of gamma-photon emissions come from numerous but not extensive. Felsic inclusions, granitoids and pegmatites should be considered when including feldspar phenocrysts and cavity fillings, are using natural gamma surveys to interpret lithology. highly reflective and discernible in video images. A The surveys should be used in conjunction with rock few diabase samples effervesce in hydrochloric acid cuttings or video surveys in order to avoid inaccurate solution, which indicates the samples contain interpretations. minerals. SEM analysis indicates that Aplites have the same mineralogic composition diabase is comprised of pyroxene, calcic plagioclase, as pegmatites; however, they have a much finer ilmenite, pyrite, chlorite, and sphene (table 4). grained texture, which is characterized as an allotrio- morphic-granular, or sugary texture. Aplite is Results of X-Ray Diffraction Analyses generally observed in the highway outcrop and in boreholes cutting pegmatites, granitoids, and metased- X-ray diffraction analyses were used to iments. determine the mineralogy and rock type of fine­ Pegmatites and aplites are not abundant in the grained rock samples that could not be identified in study area. They comprise less than 5 percent of all of hand-sample analysis. Quantitative x-ray diffraction the rocks in the 15 index boreholes. Frequently, analyses reveal that the composition of the samples pegmatites intruded granitoids rather than the from boreholes FSE5, FSE11, CO5, TR2, and Rl were metasediments rocks. The pegmatites and aplites seen highly altered and comprised of greater than in the boreholes varied in size and width. Aplites 95 percent quartz (table 5). The remainder of the generally form in sheets or veins that are a few sample consisted of plagioclase, illite, and centimeters wide; whereas pegmatites range in width phylosilicates, including muscovite, biotite, phlogo- from a few centimeters to several meters. Pegmatites pite, clinochlore, and . The zones are typically less than 1 meter wide and occur over a represented by these samples appear to be the result of range of depths. A massive pegmatite, which extends alteration. The fact that quartz remains as a residue vertically over several meters, was identified in the indicates normal ground-water removal of FSE well field and in FS6 and RR1. Some pegmatite under saturated conditions. dikes observed in the borehole images and in the A sample from borehole FS3 had a unique highway outcrops show arrangements of minerals by appearance in hand sample and x-ray diffraction zone. The form and shape of the pegmatites in the analysis. The light-green hand sample with a cement- study area are generally similar to those observed in like matrix with seams of sulfide minerals was Grafton County (Bannerman, 1943; and Olson, 1941). collected from the zone in borehole FS3 that collapsed after drilling. This zone, which was not vertically extensive in the borehole, appears to be unique and Diabase Dikes may be the result of hydrothermal deposits similar to Diabase is the least frequently found rock type those observed in North Woodstock, N.H. (Cox, in the boreholes and in the bedrock outcrops. Diabase 1970).

22 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire Table 5. Results of x-ray diffraction analysis of rock samples from selected boreholes near Mirror Lake in Grafton County, New Hampshire [--, no data; >, greater than; <, less than] Mineral composition Sample Greater than (percent) (Well name and depth, In meters, 95 percent below top of casing) Less than 5 percent of the sample, minerals listed in descending order

FS5 from 64.0 to 64.5 m Quartz Muscovite Clinochlore Zinnwaldite (fracture zone in schist) FSE11 from 49.0 to 50.5 m Quartz Albite Phlogopite Biotite Clinochlore (fracture zone in schist) Rl from 168.0 to 169.5 m Quartz Albite Biotite Phlogopite Clinochlore (fracture zone in granite) TR2 from 38 to 39 m Quartz Albite Muscovite Clinochlore (fracture zone in granite) COS from 12.5 to 12.6 m Quartz Biotite Clinochlore Zinnwaldite (fault zone in schist) Mineral composition (percent) Sample from FS3 taken at 196.6 meters below top of casing Potassium Muscovite Pyrite feldspar and Quartz Total clay plagioclase FS3 matrix l >50 <20 <30 (possibly a gange or hydrother- mally altered zone) FS3 seam2 >20 >50 <5 <5 <5

The matrix is the cream colored, clay-like portion of the sample. 2 The seam is a dark, metallic parting in the sample.

Rock-Core Descriptions 61.4 m below the top of casing. The angles of fractures observed in the core were measured from the Rock-core samples were collected from FSE5, plane perpendicular to the axis of the core, which is located in the FSE well field, COT, located in the CO assumed to be horizontal. The angles of fracture well field, and TR2, located just northwest of Mirror intersections ranged from 10 to 90°. These angles Lake, in order to obtain representative samples of the correspond to downhole measurements of fracture dip, study area. The core samples were collected to which range from less than 20° to 65° (Paillet, 1991). provide a verification of the interpretations based on The rock core obtained from borehole FSE5 was a video and rock-cutting analyses. The solid core also weakly foliated, two-mica granite with several provides samples for whole-rock analysis and direct intrusions of pegmatite and aplite. observation of the fracture surfaces. These fracture Interpretations of the lithology of the core surfaces can be described for mineralization, samples generally agree with the interpretations based roughness, alteration, and staining. An estimate of the on the analysis of drill cuttings and borehole dip of each fracture can also be measured directly imaging. A comparison of fractures in borehole FSE5 from the rock core. Each fracture in the core samples determined by borehole-imaging methods and coring from FSE5, CO7, and TR2 is listed in table 6 with the indicates that approximately 94 percent of the presence of the appropriate characteristics and the fractures correlated between the two methods. Identi­ measurement of the dip noted. fication of rock types were also in agreement over In total, 99.2 percent of the rock-core was approximately 95 percent of the borehole. recovered from FSE5. Percent recovery for each run A total of 15.2 m of core was collected from ranged from 96 to 101.6 percent. Approximately 44 m CO7 at a depth of 6.6 to 21.8 m below the top of of solid core was collected over a depth of 17.3 to casing. The time for coring a 1.5 m length of core in

CHARACTERIZATION OF LITHOLOGY AND FRACTURES 23 Table 6. Description of fractures in core samples from boreholes CO7, FSE5, and TR2 near Mirror Lake in Grafton County, New Hampshire [Depth is in meters below top of casing; X indicates the presence of a precipitation and (or) alteration; , no data]

Frac­ Pre­ Frac­ Pre­ Alter- Rock Well .turf. ture dip cipi­ Alter- Rock Comments Well ?Urfh ture dip cipi­ Comments depth ation type depth (degree) tate ation type (meter) (degree) tate (meter) CO7 (Core collected from 6.61 to 21.85 m from the top of casing) FSE5 (Core collected from 17.29 to 61.35 m from the top of casing) --Continued 6.73 14 Granite ~ 28.87 26 - Granite -- 6.91 20 Granite ~ 29.21 28 -- -- Granite -- 6.96 65 X X Granite ~ 29.21 28 -- Granite - 7.05 80 -- X Pegmatite -- 29.38 57 -- Granite -- 7.17 54 .. X Schist Rubble zone, 29.38 50 Granite dip taken on bottom 29.43 44 Granite of zone 29.57 59 .. Granite 7.32 70 X Schist 29.57 59 Granite .. 7.88 60 _ -- Schist _ 30.63 59 X Granite ._ 9.08 9 _ -- Schist _ 32.03 36 X Granite _ 9.25 4 ~ -- Schist ~ 9.30 79 X -- Schist 32.10 18 X Granite 32.50 24 X Granite _ 9.40 71 -- Schist 33.10 17 X Granite ,. 11.79 41 _ -- Schist _ 33.30 60 X ~ Granite .. 13.17 58 __ -- Schist 33.40 65 X Granite 20.56 56 -- Schist Sealed fracture 20.93 39 _ -- Schist Sealed fracture 33.50 70 _ Granite _ 21.40 73 .- -- Schist Sealed fracture 33.80 26 ~ Granite ~ -- FSE5 (Core collected from 17.29 to 61.35 m from the top of casing) 34.00 20 -- Granite -- 18.85 36 X Granite _ 36.00 10 X -- Granite

20.39 23 X Granite Greenish clay 37.50 26 X Granite 21.31 31 X Granite Greenish clay ~ 21.39 53 X Granite _ 38.70 56 X Granite -- -- 22.54 26 X Granite _ 39.10 53 X Granite 40.90 20 -- X Granite ------24.80 34 X Granite _ 41.10 10 X Granite

24.80 34 X -- Granite ~ 41.50 60 X X Granite 25.18 34 .. Granite " -- 25.38 53 X -- Granite .. 42.30 53 X Granite -- - 25.48 14 X Granite _ 48.40 14 Granite 48.50 14 -- X Granite ------25.54 42 X -- Granite _ 49.0 46 Granite -- 27.22 28 X Granite - 49.40 20 X Granite 27.65 40 ._ Granite -- 28.22 30 X Granite _ 51.90 50 X X Granite -- -- 28.35 27 X Granite _ 52.40 50 -- Pegmatite 54.30 56 - X Granite -- -- - 28.74 20 Granite 58.20 90 X Granite 28.81 26 X -- Granite -- 28.87 26 Granite

24 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire Table 6. Description of fractures in core samples from boreholes CO7, FSE5, and TR2 near Mirror Lake in Grafton County, New Hampshire-Continued

Frac- Frac­ Pre­ Frac- Frac­ Prp- ... ture Alter- Rock £1 Alter- Rock We . A. ture dip cipi­ Comments Well !Ur?h ture dip Comments depth ation type depth tate atlon type (degree) tate (degree) (meter) (meter) TR2 (Core collected from 31.18 to 76.9 m below top of casing) TR2 (Core collected from 31.18 to 76.9 m below top of casing) -Continued 31.4 -- -- X Schist Rubble zone, 36.33 13 Quartz - some sam­ 36.40 40 X - Quartz ple loss 36.43 25 Quartz __ 31.56 7 X X Schist Some sample 36.52 9 Quartz - loss 36.60 1 Quartz ~ 31.67 8 X -- Schist 32.40 12 -- -- Schist Some sample loss 37.02 2 Quartz -- 33.30 8 .. - Schist _ 37.25 5 Pegmatite 37.25 6 Pegmatite - - 33.63 6 -- Schist Sealed fracture 37.61 5 X -- Pegmatite 34.9 5 " -- Schist Sealed fracture 38.16 10 Pegmatite - 34.93 3 .- ._ 35.21 8 _ Granite _ 38.24 22 X Granite Rubble zone 35.31 21 __ Granite Sealed frac­ 38.28 15 Granite Rubble zone ture, calcite 38.33 Granite filled 39.05 10 Granite 42.84 13 - Granite Sealed frac­ 35.33 8 Granite ture, calcite 35.55 3 X Granite _ filled 35.62 2 X Granite _ 44.38 5 -- Schist ~ 35.71 9 X Granite _ 44.43 -- Schist - 35.77 10 X Granite 44.82 16 X - Granite - 45.59 60 ~ 35.85 11 X Granite 45.63 24 Granite -- 36.06 5 Granite Sealed frac­ ture, calcite 48.28 62 X Schist Rubble zone filled 49.68 60 -- Schist Sealed frac­ 36.10 10 Granite ture, calcite 36.13 5 Quartz filled 36.18 3 X _ _ 51.10 - Schist Rubble zone 69.44 X -- Schist ~

borehole CO7 ranged from 8.5 to 21.5 minutes. The advanced rapidly from 8.5 m below land surface. This rate of coring provides an indication of the relative zone corresponds to the core sample with only hardness of the rocks. In CO7, the slowest drilling 92-percent core recovery. time was through schist, and the fastest time was A photograph of a core sample from CO7 through pegmatite. The natural fracture angles (fig. 5) shows a fracture that is nearly perpendicular to measured in the core ranged from 4 to 80° from the the axis of the core. The foliation of the schist is steep axis of the core. Percent recovery ranged from and almost parallel to the axis of the core. Iron-oxide 92 to 100 percent (table 6). A fracture zone was precipitates are visible as dark areas on the fracture inferred during the drilling process when the drill rods face and in the surrounding rock matrix.

CHARACTERIZATION OF LITHOLOGY AND FRACTURES 25 (a)

Solid bedrock core obtained from borehole CO7. One piece at 8*4 meters below top of casing is turned on end, which permits a view of the fracture face.

(b)

Figure 5. Bedrock core from borehole CO7 near Mirror Lake in Grafton County, New Hampshire (Ruler is in feet). (c)

The same zone can be observed in the borehole using the color borehole-video camera. The borehole image shows a wide-open fracture that is nearly horizontal. The fracture is not parallel to the foliation of the schist, and the bedrock appears to be oxidized. Borehole-video images of the zone at approximately 8.7 m are shown in figure 6. The depth (in feet below (d) top of casing) is superimposed on the images. A fracture seen in the image at 8.6 m (28.4 feet) (fig. 6a) dips from the lower right side of the image towards the upper left side of the image. The borehole is enlarged and angular at 8.7 to 8.8 m (28.7 to 29.3 feet) (figs. 6b and 6d). A total of 45.7 m of solid core was obtained (8.9 ml from borehole TR2. The coring started approximately 18m below the bedrock surface at a depth of 31.2 m below top of casing. The bottom of the core sample Figure 6. Borehole-video image from CO7 near Mirror Lake extended to 76.9 m below the top of casing. In in Grafton County, New Hampshire. (The depth, in feet borehole TR2, the rate of penetration ranged from 6 to below top of casing, is superimposed on the image.) 86 min per 1.5 m of core. Average time to core a 1.5 m length was 27 min. The hardest and most difficult rock to penetrate was a quartz , from 57.2 in the core at approximately 34 to 38 m. Many of to 58.7 m below land surface and corresponded to the these fractures were sealed with calcite deposits that slowest drilling time. The fastest 1.5-m core sample measured less than a few millimeters wide. Four was obtained from 52.6 to 54.1 m below land surface, intensely fractured zones, which were reduced to which penetrated granite. Fracture angles measured in rubble, were identified in the core at the following the core obtained from TR2 ranged from 0 to 62° from depths below land surface: 38.24, 38.28, 48.28, and horizontal. Several sealed microcracks were identified 51.1 m. Percent recovery for each core run ranged from 90 to 100 percent.

26 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire Characterization of Lithology in The depth, in feet below top of casing, is superim­ Boreholes posed on the image. The well name and depth in meters is provided below the image. Typical borehole Rock types in all the boreholes were described exposures of schist are shown in figures 7a, b, and c. in terms of color, mineralogy, texture, size, and shape. A fine-grained, strongly foliated schist with steeply The characterization of the lithology (appendix 1) is dipping foliations is shown in figure 7a. Figure 7b based on descriptions of drill cuttings and interpreta­ shows a coarse-grained schist with augens and a tions of video images. A graphic log of the rock types pegmatite dike below the schist. Figure 7c shows a also is provided in appendix 1 with lithologic patterns schist with a coticule (quartz and garnet) lens, which indicating the location and extent of rock types. looks uniform and gray. Figure 7d shows a migmatite Each lithologic contact shows the highest and lowest that is characterized by a gneissic texture and swirled boundaries of the contact in the borehole. The altitude biotite schlieren. Granites are typically light in color, of the contact or the depth below the top of casing medium to coarse grained and equigranular (figs. 7e (in meters) can be read directly off the scales on the and f). Figure 7e shows a granite with a schist graphic log. The midpoint of the contact was used for on the left side of the image. Figure 7f shows all descriptive purposes and for the calculation of the granite and a diabase dike that intruded the granite. thickness of the unit. For each borehole, the contacts The diabase dike, on the lower half of the image, is were arbitrarily depicted as sloping from right to left characterized by dark color and small white minerals unless they were observed to dip in a different (phenocrysts). Pegmatite that is characterized by large direction relative to adjacent features, such as the quartz and feldspar crystals is shown (fig. 7g). foliation of schist or the contact of another rock unit. Figure 7h shows a fine-grained aplite dike that For example, the granitic dike located at a depth of intruded as a schist, which is shown below the aplite 11.0 m below the top of casing in CO1 is shown to dip dike. from right to left, which indicates that it does not The distribution of the rock types in the well cross-cut the foliation of the schist; however, the fields indicates the general differences in the FSE and quartz vein at 29.0 m and the aplite vein at 94.8 m are CO well fields. The FSE well field is predominantly shown dipping left to right (appendix 1, CO1). The comprised of granitoids, whereas the CO well field is actual foliation of the schist is not depicted. Rather predominantly schist. The distribution of rock types the graphic pattern representing schist has a fixed was determined for 15 index boreholes, which slope dipping from right to left. All borehole logs in included 13 of the deep areally-distributed boreholes appendix 1 are shown with a horizontal exaggeration, plus the deepest borehole from each of the two well in that each column representing a borehole is much fields (FSE4, CO1, FS1, FS2, FS3, FS4, FS6, Tl, wider than it would be if it were drawn to scale. TR1, TR2, Rl, HI, IS1, CO11, RR1). The analysis Consequently, the lithologic contacts are steeper in the indicates there are roughly equal amounts of field than they appear in the graphic log. granitoids and schist. Pegmatite and diabase comprise In addition to the graphic log, a description of less than 5 percent of the rock. The relative rock units is provided on the right side of appendix 1 abundances of the rock types that were encountered in under "DESCRIPTION." The bold text in the descrip­ the boreholes are summarized in table 7. tion is a generalized log, which identifies all units that were greater than 1 m in thickness. The bold text highlights a general log of the borehole lithology. Fracture Characterization in Boreholes The detailed description includes information on the rock type, color, , texture, mineral content, Fractures that were identified in the boreholes foliation characteristics, and thickness of the unit using borehole-imaging techniques are shown in observed in the borehole. Selected terms that were appendix 1. Although microcracks were observed, used in the descriptive logs are defined in the glossary. they were not counted as fractures and were not Figure 7 shows selected borehole-video images recorded in appendix A. Fractures are represented in for the rock types observed in the boreholes. The the column to the right of the graphic lithology log. images are all taken under water with the light attach­ Each line in the column that represents a fracture ment pointed downward in the center of the borehole. shows the highest and lowest intersection of the

CHARACTERIZATION OF LITHOLOGY AND FRACTURES 27 (a) Schist (H 1,23m) (b) Augen schist (H1, 24 m)

(c) Coticule layer in schist (H1, 53 m) (d) Migmatite (CO7, 39 m)

(e) Schist xenolith in granite (IS1, 23 m) (f) Diabase dike in granite (IS1, 118m)

(g) Pegmatite (CO7, 53 m) (h) Dike in schist (CO7, 54 m)

Figure 7. Selected borehole-video images of rock types near Mirror Lake in Grafton County, New Hampshire.

28 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire Table 7. Relative proportions of rock types and fracturing in selected boreholes near Mirror Lake in Grafton County, New Hampshire

INDEX WELLS: Based on 0.3 meter intervals, from the following boreholes: FSE4, CO1, FS1, FS2, FS3, FS4, FS6, T1, TR1, TR2, R1, H1, IS1, CO11, RR1 Schist Granitoid Gneiss Pegmatite Diabase Quartzite Abundance of rock type shown as a percent of 45.5 46.3 2.8 4.7 0.4 0.2 the total number of observed intervals Abundance of fractures shown as a percent of 22.9 72.8 1.0 2.6 0.5 0.2 the total number of observed fractures FSE WELL FIELD: Based on 0.3 meter intervals, from the following boreholes: FSE1, FSE2, FSE3, FSE5, FSE6, FSE7, FSE8, FSE9, FSE10, FSE11, FSE12, FSE13 Schist Granitoid Gneiss Pegmatite Diabase Quartzite Abundance of rock type shown as a percent of 23.0 63.2 1.6 9.2 0.0 0.4 the total number of observed intervals Abundance of fractures shown as a percent of 20.7 73.6 1.0 3.4 0.0 1.0 the total number of observed fractures CO WELL FIELD: Based on 0.3 meter intervals, from the following boreholes: CO2, COS, CO4, COS, C06, C07, COS, COS, CO10 Schist Granitoid Gneiss Pegmatite Diabase Quartzite Abundance of rock type shown as a percent of 65.5 18.7 11.2 4.4 0.0 0.0 the total number of observed intervals Abundance of fractures shown as a percent of 65.7 28.9 3.6 1.8 0.0 0.0 the total number of observed fractures fracture in the borehole. The actual altitude to the top steep. Horizontal (h) indicates a fracture that has or bottom of the fracture can be read in meters from intersected the borehole between 0 and 30° from the scale to the left of the column in meters. Depth horizontal (fig. 8a). Steep (s) indicates a fracture that below top of casing, in meters, can be read off of the has intersected the borehole at an angle greater than column furthest to the left in appendix 1. As in the 60 degrees from the horizontal (fig. 8c), and moderate lithology column, the column representing the (m) defines all fractures between horizontal and steep borehole is much wider or horizontally exaggerated (fig. 8b). These scores were assigned after calculating than it would be if it were drawn to scale. Also, the the dip angle as the inverse tangent of the distance fractures were arbitrarily depicted sloping from left to along the axis of the borehole from the highest point of right, unless they were observed to be dipping in a the fracture to the lowest point of the fracture divided different direction relative to adjacent fractures, by the diameter of the borehole. The diameter was lithologic contacts, or to the foliation of the host rock assumed to be a constant 152 cm for all measure­ such as schist with a graphic pattern that dips from ments. The dip score is not necessarily the actual dip right to left. If a fracture were parallel to the foliation of the fracture because the deviation of the borehole is of the schist, it would be shown dipping from right to not taken into account. The dip score indicates the left in appendix 1. If a fracture were observed to angle at which the fracture intersects the borehole. cross-cut the foliation of schist it would be shown The aperture, or openness, of a fracture can be dipping from left to right. related to the hydraulic properties of the fracture Fracture attributes listed for each fracture are according to Snow (1968) and Borchers and others indicated to the right of the fracture column. The (1993). The current regional and local stress fields attributes' codes used in appendix 1 are summarized in and fracture infilling can influence the openness of a table 8, and example borehole images are provided for fracture. However, determining the aperture of a frequently used attribute codes (fig. 8a-o). The first fracture in the subsurface is a problem. Measuring the column in appendix 1 indicates the dip score, which aperture of a fracture in a borehole is physically represents a relative measure of the dip angle. Each difficult and the apparent aperture in a borehole can be fracture is characterized as horizontal, moderate, or greatly changed during drilling. Although the

CHARACTERIZATION OF LITHOLOGY AND FRACTURES 29 mechanical fracture aperture is affected by the drilling Several codes are used to characterize the process, a visual estimation of each fracture was made fractures detected in the boreholes. For instance, from video logs and is reported for each fracture. The codes used to describe the physical or mechanical aperture code, which is in the second attribute column nature of the fractures include "d" for diffuse or (appendix 1), indicates a qualitative score assigned to porous-looking rock matrix, "e" for an enlarged each fracture. A "narrow" aperture (n) was assigned borehole, "j" for a jagged or angular fracture (fig. 8g), and "p" for a fracture that partially intersects the to all fractures that appeared to be less than 0.5 cm borehole. Borehole enlargement frequently occurs wide (fig. 8d.). Open fractures that appeared to have where the rock has been removed between two or an aperture greater than 1 cm were assigned "w" for more parallel fractures. Enlargement sometimes wide (fig. 8f)- All fractures that appeared to be wider occurs where multiple fractures intersect the borehole. than 0.5 cm but less than 1 cm were designated as These zones also tend to exhibit a jagged or angular moderate and were assigned the code "m" (fig. 8e). appearance. Abutting fractures, which are seen in the The aperture code is a subjective determination or video as one fracture that abuts another without estimation of the aperture of the fractures. crossing, are noted with the code "b" (fig. 8h). Multiple fractures occurring at the same location are noted with "mf." For example, two closely spaced Table 8. Codes used to describe fractures shown in fractures that are observed in the borehole would be Appendix 1 annotated with "mf2". Multiple fractures are shown in [<, less than; °, degree; >, greater than or equal to; >, greater than; figure 8i. A zone that is intensely fractured is coded cm, centimeter] "fz," which indicates a fracture zone (fig. 8j). In one Dip Aperture Attributes borehole, TR1, some parts of the borehole are extremely fractured. The locations of these zones Dip were noted. The fractures, however, were too Near horizontal < 30° h numerous to count. Moderate 30° to 60° m Microcracks that were apparent in the borehole Steep > 60° s video images were not recorded or counted as fractures in appendix 1. For example, partially sealed Aperture microcracks that were observed in the core sample of Narrow < 0.5 cm n TR2 were not identified in the video logs as fractures. Medium 0.5 to 1 cm m Microcracks are locally extensive and are too Wide _> 1 cm w numerous to count. Several codes were used to describe the fracture Attributes relative to characteristics of the adjacent rock mass. A Alteration a fracture that appeared to be parallel to the foliation of Abutting fractures b schist or gneiss is noted by "pf' (fig. 8k); a fracture Borehole enlargement associated e with the fracture that appeared to cross-cut the foliation is coded as "xf' Fracture zone Fz (fig. 81). Fractures were also described for the Jagged and angular j occurrence of mineralizations or coatings. If the rock Multiple fractures (number indi­ mf(2) mass adjacent to the fracture or the fracture face cates the number of fractures) appeared to be iron stained, then the fracture is Oxidation on or near fracture face o annotated with "o" (fig. 8m). If the iron-staining Partial fracture P occurred in rhythmic bands, it was coded "L" to Crosses foliation xf indicate Liesegang banding. If the matrix around the Parallel to foliation Pf fracture appeared to be altered, it was annotated with Sealed s an "a" (fig. 8n). If the fracture appeared to be sealed, Liesegang bands L it was coded "s" (fig. 80) and is shown as a dashed line White precipitate eminating from w in the graphic column. If there was white precipitate fracture emanating from the fracture and precipitating on the Water-bearing zone during drilling adjacent rock, it was annotated with "w".

30 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire (a) Horizontal dip (IS1, 112m) (b) Moderate dip (CO4, 29 m) (c) Steep dip (IS1, 24 m)

(d) Narrow aperture (H1, 57 m) (e) Medium aperture (CO4, 18m) (f) Wide aperture (CO7, 9 m)

(g) Enlarged, angular, and jagged (FS2, 44m) (h) Abutting and partial (FSE6, 36 m) (i) Multiple fractures (TR1, 96 m)

Q) Fracture zone (FS2, 44 m) (k) Parallel to foliation (CO7, 23 m) (I) Crosses foliation (FSE13, 44 m)

(m) Oxidized (IS1, 24 m) (n) Altered (FS2, 38 m) (o) Sealed (IS1, 31 m)

Figure 8. Selected borehole-video images showing frequently used fracture descriptors in boreholes near Mirror Lake in Grafton County, New Hampshire.

CHARACTERIZATION OF LITHOLOGY AND FRACTURES 31 This precipitate was only observed in a few boreholes The interfracture spacings in all 15 index in the FSE well field, where it is thought that the white boreholes were sorted and plotted in a histogram as a calcite precipitate was caused by locally high pH function of length. The frequency plot was then levels (P.T. Harte, U.S. Geological Survey, written compared to theoretical-frequency distributions. The commun., 1990). Fractures that produced water distribution of interfracture spacing length in the index during drilling were noted with a "y." Any additional boreholes can be described by a power law. The fracture characteristics that could not be addressed by power-law function was fit to the observed data (the codes in the fracture-attribute column were described frequency of the histogram) by the method of least squares with a coefficient of determination of 0.80. in parenthesis under the lithology descriptions. The fitting parameters for the function y=ax were a=20.6, b=-0.85, and x varied as the length of spacing. Discussion of Fractures and Lithology There were 1,244 observations used in this analysis. Several frequency distributions were tested, including Some general observations that can be made the power, exponential, poisson, and logarithmic from the detailed logs (appendix 1) are summarized in functions. The best fit was obtained for the power function. this section. Some generalizations can be made about the distribution of fractures with respect to spacing, The power-law distribution, as well as an exponential distribution, has a high frequency of depth, and rock type, as well as the distribution of rock closely spaced fractures and fewer fractures with large types with respect to location, depth and topographic interfracture spacing. The results from the Mirror setting. Lake analyses are similar to the results of other investigations in fractured crystalline rock. In other Fracture Distribution studies, the expected frequency distribution for all fractures, regardless of their orientation or fracture The distribution of fracture orientation and type, were described by exponential distributions frequency is highly affected by the direction of (Snow, 1968 and 1970; Priest and Hudson, 1976; sampling. Subvertical boreholes, such as those drilled Rives and others, 1992). in this study, exhibit vertical bias. Subvertical The frequency distribution of interfracture boreholes undersample steeply dipping fractures spacing of all fractures in a borehole is different than relative to the total population of fractures and relative the distributions for interfracture spacings of to the number of fractures identified in outcrop individual fracture sets. In order to analyze the mapping. Mathematical corrections, which were frequency distribution of interfracture spacings for described by Terzaghi (1965) and Barton and Zoback individual fracture sets, oriented fracture data are (1990), can be applied to oriented fracture data to required. Oriented data can be separated into fracture correct or to reduce this bias. Because the fracture sets that exhibit similar orientations, and interfracture data in this report are not oriented, however, the spacings can be calculated. The frequency distribu­ correction cannot be applied. tion of interfracture spacing for fractures that belong A borehole represents a near-vertical scan-line to a single fracture set follows a log-normal distribu­ along which fracture data can be compiled. Usually, a tion (Narr and Suppe, 1991) or a gamma distribution borehole intersects multiple fractures that belong to (Huang and Angelier, 1989). different fracture sets. The length between the fractures along the borehole can be computed, and a Distribution of Fractures With Depth frequency distribution of the spacing lengths can be Several investigators have reported that the generated. For this analysis of fracture distributions, frequency of fractures decreases with increasing depth the distance between all fractures (regardless of the (Fuller, 1905; Clapp, 1910; Ellis 1909; Jahns, 1943; fracture orientation) in the index boreholes Davis and Turk, 1964; Hansen and Simcox, 1994). (appendix 1) was measured. The arithmetic average These analyses were based on fracture data collected of the interfracture spacing was 2.1 m, which relates to in quarries and from water wells drilled in bedrock. A an average fracture density of 0.47. statement by Cushman and others (1953) is typical:

32 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire "The deeper a well is drilled beyond a certain 100 m. A scatterplot of fracture density (the depth the less is the chance of striking fractures....It is frequency of fractures divided by the interval length probable that [horizontal sheeting joints] do not exist for each 3-m interval) plotted for all index boreholes at depths much below 300 ft." as a function of depth below top of casing is shown in Many of these investigators recommended that figure 9. In general, the plot shows a higher density of because fracture frequency decreases with depth, fractures at shallow depths than at greater depths. water wells in New England should not be drilled Unfractured zones or minimally fractured zones, deeper than 45 to 100 m. A decrease in the frequency which plot on or near the x-axis, were observed at all of fractures below 100 m can be expected if sheeting depths. Thus, the linear-correlation coefficient joints do not extend beyond 100 m and near vertical between depth and fracture frequency is low, at only wells undersample steep fractures. In other investiga­ -0.05. tions of bedrock in Nevada, South Carolina, and Another way to analyze these data is to view the California, however, little to no decrease in fracturing cumulative fracture frequency for individual boreholes was detected in wells up to 300 m deep (Seeburger and as a function of depth (fig. 10). The cumulative Zoback, 1982). frequency of fractures for all index boreholes that In this study, the distribution of fractures with were drilled deeper than 100 m were plotted against respect to depth does not follow a linear distribution. depth below top of casing. Each curve in figure 10 a-d Highly fractured intervals usually are present in the represents the cumulative-fracture frequency for an top 100 m of the boreholes. Some less numerous, individual borehole plotted against depth. The plots highly fractured zones exist at depths greater than show that the number of fractures per unit length of

2.5

Density per 3-meter interval 2.0

1.5

(0 2 LU O 111 1.0 EC

O < t~ DC

0.5 :.±5r.C ~M *J* *

-0.5 50 100 150 200 250 300 350

DEPTH BELOW TOP OF CASING, IN METERS

Figure 9. Fracture density as a function of depth below top of casing in selected boreholes near Mirror Lake in Grafton County, New Hampshire. Fracture density is shown for each 3-meter interval in the following wells: FSE4, CO1, CO11, FS1, FS2, FS3, FS4, FS6, IS1, TR1, TR2, R1, RR1, H1, and T1 (fig. 1).

CHARACTERIZATION OF LITHOLOGY AND FRACTURES 33 n o 0

20 EXPLANATION - 100 100 IS1 40 T1

EJ 60 FS3 200 LU LU 80

CD 300 CD

O 400 O CL Q. O P 140

O 500 9 LU 160 m I H Si 180 600 g

200

700 220

,800 240 50 100 150 200 50 100 150 CUMULATIVE FRACTURE FREQUENCY CUMULATIVE FRACTURE FREQUENCY

0 ---, ' 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' _ u

20 =L. D ; "\ % EXPLANATION ~ 100 40 1^ - CO11 CO 1- S 60 FQK-Q 200 |_ H LU LU I it! -u 80 z CD" CO1 300 CD" z Z 100 CO co -*-! 0 o - u. 120 \ 400 O CL a. - O 1o I- 140 ^T. 1 j 1 500 2 1 LU 160 - UJ m X ", - JE H Q- 1 RO LU 1HU 1 - 600 g Q -

200 -

- 700 220 .

240 - 240 I !00 , i i , , i , , , , ann 50 100 150 200 0 10 20 30 40 CUMULATIVE FRACTURE FREQUENCY CUMULATIVE FRACTURE FREQUENCY

Figure 10. Cumulative-fracture frequency as a function of depth below top of casing in selected boreholes near Mirror Lake, Grafton County, New Hampshire. (The scale for the cumulative frequency in figure 10D is expanded, because there are fewer than 20 fractures in the wells.)

34 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire borehole is not uniform. The stair-step shape of the The 50-m thick deposit of till at TR1 was likely curves indicates slight clustering of fractures. The fracture controlled (Carl Koteff, U.S. Geological results were plotted in groups that exhibited similar Survey, written commun., 1995). The top 50 m of fracturing characteristics with increasing depths. bedrock in borehole TR1 and the top 40 m in TR2 Figure lOa shows a flattening or reduction in the slope exhibit numerous and closely spaced fractures of the curves at greater depths, which indicates a (appendix 1). These two boreholes exhibit zones that decrease in fracturing with depth. These cumulative- appear to be unusually fractured relative to other fracture-frequency curves show a significant decrease boreholes in the study area. in fracturing from 60 to 100 m to the bottom of each borehole (fig. lOa). The boreholes in figure lOb Fracture Distribution With Respect to Rock Type exhibit a decrease in the cumulative-fracture frequency in the middle range depths, and then a small Randall and others (1988) reported that increase near the bottom of the wells. Figures lOc and fractures in homogeneous rocks such as granitoids are d show little to no decrease in the cumulative-fracture more extensive and more permeable than fractures in frequencies over the length of the boreholes, from 0 to micaceous metasedimentary rocks. In general, 240 m in depth. Although the total number of fractures in the granitoids are more planar and shorter fractures in the boreholes shown in figure lOd is than are fractures in metasedimentary rocks (Barton, significantly less than all of the other boreholes in the 1993). The fractures that were mapped in the analysis, the curves do not exhibit a decrease with granitoids in the highway outcrop exhibit more brittle increasing depth. The wells in figure lOd are from the fracturing and have the highest connectivity (Barton, same topographic setting. They are all in valley 1996). The frequency of the fractures observed in the settings. Borehole IS1, which is also in the valley, boreholes (appendix 1) generally supports these does not plot in this group. Collectively, these plots findings. In the 15 index boreholes, the frequency of suggest that there is no uniform, simple model that fractures with respect to the rock type shows that describes the distribution of fractures with depth (up to approximately 73 percent of the total number of 240 m) for all of the boreholes. fractures were in granitoids, whereas 23 percent were in schist (table 7). Gneiss was relatively unfractured Detection and Location of Faults compared to schist and the granitoids, with Faults that exhibit displacement were difficult to approximately 1 percent of the total number of identify visually in the studied boreholes, but other fractures. Less than 5 percent of the total number of observations can help to identify faults in the subsur­ fractures were in pegmatite, diabase, and quartzite. face. In FS5, the fracture zone near the bottom of the Although diabase in dikes is intensely fractured with borehole at a depth of 65 m exhibited , cooling joints, these fractures do not extend into the quartz, and sulfide minerals. Slickensides, which host rock. These cooling joints were not included in indicate a fault, are detected only if the rock chips are appendix 1, and they were not included in the fracture sufficiently large. These samples from FS5 were frequency. The comparison of rock type with respect approximately 2 to 3 cm in length. In borehole CO5 to fracturing indicates that fractures are lithologically (at 12.4 m) and in CO 10 (at 42.1 m) faults were identi­ controlled. In general, the granitoids are more fied by the presence of . The gouge was intensely fractured than the schist and gneiss, and observed in video images, as well as in the rock pegmatites, diabase, and quartzite are relatively cuttings and drilling logs. The fault in CO 10 is unfractured. located along the strike of the prominent (1-meter Although some fractures were at or near the wide) fault in the highway outcrop, which strikes and contacts of rock types, as in CO7 at approximately dips N40°E, 83°SE (Barton, 1997). Borehole CO10 28 m (appendix 1), fractures are not typically observed was drilled with the intent of intersecting this zone. at lithologic contacts. Fractures observed in the The siting of the CO 10 fault was determined by borehole generally do not extend from one rock unit to borehole radar surveys in CO7 (J.W. Lane, another. These generalizations are corroborated by the U.S. Geological Survey, written commun., 1995) and observations of Barton (1996) for the fractures on the standard surveying methods. highway outcrop.

CHARACTERIZATION OF LITHOLOGY AND FRACTURES 35 Distribution of Rock Types camera logging, is needed to obtain detailed interpre­ Some generalizations can be made about the tations of the lithology and locations of fractures. distribution of rock types based on lithologic data A common notion among drillers is that percus­ presented in appendix 1. A comparison of the rock sion drilling chokes fractures in boreholes with types with respect to location indicates that the sediments and rock fragments. This theory is not granitoids east of Norris Brook are equigranular and supported by the video images. Direct inspection of are likely the two-mica granites. In borehole FS5, the fractures in the boreholes shows that generally which is west of Norris Brook (fig. 2), the igneous there are no drill cuttings on the fracture surfaces. rocks exhibit a blotchy-looking, porphyritic texture in Boreholes that were logged with the video a swirled and partially foliated, gneissic matrix, and camera multiple times sometimes showed some are likely Kinsman Granodiorite. These rock types, precipitation of manganese and (or) iron oxides and although identified in only one borehole, are consis­ some sedimentation. These minerals and detrital tent with the map of Barton (1997). Schist, gneiss, particles all coat the walls of the borehole and obscure pegmatite and diabase are found locally throughout the view of the rock type and fractures. Therefore, it is the study area. There were, however, varying propor­ preferable to log the borehole soon after drilling to tions of the igneous and metamorphic rocks locally avoid these problems. throughout the Mirror Lake area. With the video camera, no particles or The rock types that were mapped in the index sediments were seen flowing from the fractures. boreholes were compared with physical parameters, Fractures that were identified with the borehole such as depth, altitude, and topographic setting. The flowmeter as flowing did not appear to exhibit flow in linear correlation coefficients for these analyses are the video images. If the water was pumped below an less than 0.2, indicating that no significant linear inflowing fracture, the video camera would likely correlation exists between rock type and depth, "see" cascading water. If the water level was above an altitude, or topographic setting. inflowing fracture, however, the video camera would The rock types change frequently (approxi­ not necessarily "see" the inflow. The method of mately every 5 to 9 m) in the index boreholes looking for flow in fractured crystalline rock, (appendix 1). The length of each rock unit exposed in therefore, does not appear to be a reliable method for each borehole was determined and averaged for all the describing the flow regime. index boreholes. Only those rock units that spanned 30 cm or more of the borehole length were used in this analysis. The average length of schist exposed in the SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS index boreholes is 5.3 m. The average length of Forty boreholes, ranging in depth from 60 to granitoid units is 4.6 m. Pegmatite and diabase units 305 m, were drilled into crystalline bedrock in the area in the index boreholes were less than 1 m long of Mirror Lake in Grafton County, N.H. The country (appendix 1). rock is predominantly comprised of pelitic schists that have been intruded by younger granitoids, pegmatites, Observations of Drilling and Its Effect on the aplites, and diabase. Boreholes The drillers' estimates of yield for the boreholes The locations of lithologic changes and depths drilled for this study ranged from less than 3 L/min to of fractures that were noted in the drilling logs were 378 L/min. These estimates are similar to those for generally within a meter of the locations determined wells drilled for domestic supply in Grafton County. from the video-camera images. This correlation Generally, 1 to 3 water-bearing zones were identified indicates that there is no significant lag in the delivery in each borehole at the time of drilling. These of rocks to the land surface during the drilling process. observations of yield made at the time of drilling, were Observation of drill cuttings during drilling only frequently confirmed by flowmeter surveys, and allows for the identification of major changes in rock appear to be accurate preliminary indicators of water­ types. Additional testing, such as borehole video bearing zones.

36 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire Open-hole water levels in the boreholes tend to schist, gneiss, granitoids, pegmatite, aplite, and be in the steel casing. These measurements were diabase. The FSE well field is predominantly igneous made in boreholes that were open over the entire and the CO well field is mostly metamorphic. length of the borehole. Eight of the boreholes exhibit Approximately 70 percent of the rocks in the water levels that are above the land surface. Three of boreholes in the CO well field were schist. In the FSE the boreholes (TR2, FS6, and CO10) flow during most of the year. well field, approximately 70 percent of the rock units All boreholes were inspected visually with a were igneous, including granite, pegmatite, and aplite. submersible color video camera in order to produce The 15 index boreholes, which include the deepest detailed profiles of the subsurface lithology and borehole in each of the two well fields and are fracturing. These video images were used to describe boreholes that distributed throughout the study area, the distribution of lithology and fractures in the consist of 50 percent metasedimentary rocks and subsurface. In addition, these data were used to compare fracturing, lithology, and physical parameters 50 percent granitoids. The rock types change such as alteration and oxidation. No linear correlation frequently over the length of the boreholes (approxi­ was found between rock type and depth, altitude, or mately every 5 to 9 m). The average length of schist topographic setting. Correlation coefficients for these in the index boreholes was 5.3 m, and the average analyses were less than 0.2. length of granitoid units was 4.6m. The average The distribution of interfracture spacing lengths lengths of pegmatite and diabase units in the index between all of the fractures in the index boreholes at boreholes were each less than 1 m. Mirror Lake can be best described by a power function. In this distribution, there are numerous Although metamorphic and each closely spaced fractures and decreasing amounts of comprise 50 percent of the rock types in the boreholes, fractures separated by large, unfractured intervals of the majority (73 percent) of fractures were in rock. A coefficient of determination of 0.80 was boreholes in granitoids. Approximately 23 percent of obtained with a least squares regression analysis. the fractures were in schist. Less than 5 percent of the The distribution of fractures with respect to fractures were in pegmatite, diabase, quartzite, and depth was examined. The distribution data do not show a significant relation between fractures and gneiss. These results indicate that the fracturing is depth; however, there is a weak linear correlation of lithologically controlled. There was no preferential 0.05. Cumulative-fracture frequency plots provide a fracturing along the contacts of the rock types, and graphic method for analyzing the distribution of few of the observed fractures in the boreholes crossed subsurface fractures. Fracture-frequency plots for multiple rock types. The composition of the boreholes selected boreholes show that some of the boreholes is consistent with the composition of bedrock outcrops show little to no decrease in cumulative-fracture in the study area. frequency. The boreholes that were used for this analysis were between 120 and 300 m deep. Some The borehole drilling and borehole imaging data boreholes exhibited a decrease in fracturing below provided in this report can be used for more detailed depths of 60 to 90 m. Half of the index boreholes that analyses of fracture distributions and to determine the were used for this analysis exhibited a decrease in the interrelations between characteristics of fractures cumulative-fracture frequency. These analyses (in outcrops and the subsurface), lithology, and suggest that no simple model of fracture density and hydraulic properties of bedrock. These additional depth correlation would fit all of the boreholes in the analyses, which are beyond the scope of this report, study area. The distribution of rock types is spatially would enable a quantitative assessment of geologic heterogeneous. Drill logs and borehole images controls on ground-water flow and the transport of indicate the boreholes penetrate varying amounts of dissolved chemicals.

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Program Proceedings of the Technical Meeting, Long, J.C.S., Remer, J.S., Wilson, C.R., and Colorado Springs, Colo., September 20-24, 1993: Witherspoon, P.A., 1992, Porous media equivalents for U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investiga­ networks of discontinuous fractures: Water Resources tions Report 94-4015, v. 1, p. 137-140. Research, v. 18, no. 3, p. 645-658.

REFERENCES CITED 39 Lyons, J.B., 1964, Distribution of thorium and uranium in ground-water production in bedrock wells: Ground three early Paleozoic plutonic series of New Water, v. 32, no. 2, p. 200-206. Hampshire: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 144-F, Paillet, F.L., and Kapucu, Kemal, 1989, Fracture character­ 43 p. ization and fracture permeability estimates from Lyons, J.B., Bothner, W.A., Moench, R.H., and geophysical logs in Mirror Lake watershed, New Thompson, J.B., Jr., 1997, Bedrock geologic map of Hampshire: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources New Hampshire: U.S. Geological Survey State Investigations Report 89-4058, 49 p. Geologic Map, 2 sheets, scales 1:250,000 and Plumb, R., Engelder, T., and Yale, D., 1984, Near-surface 1:500,000. in-situ stress correlation with microcrack fabric within Lyons, J.B., Boudette, E.L., and Aleinikoff, J.N., 1982, The New Hampshire granites: Journal of Geophysical Avalon and Gander zones in central eastern New Research, v. 89. no. B11, p. 9350-9364. England, in St. Julien, P., and Beland, J. eds., Major structural zones and faults of the northern Appalacians: Pollard, D.D., and Aydin, Atilla, 1988, Progress in Geological Association of Canada Special Paper 24, understanding jointing over the past century: Geolog­ p. 43-66. ical Society of America Bulletin, v. 100, p. 1181-1204. Marshal, D.J., Giles, J.H., and Mariano, A., 1986, Priest, S.D., and Hudson, J.A., 1976, Discontinuity spacing Combined instrumentation for EDS elemental analysis in rock: International Journal of and and cathodoluminescence studies of geologic Mining Science and Geomechanics Abstracts, v. 13, materials, in Hagni, R.D., ed., Proceedings of p. 135-148. symposium on process mineralogy, Annual Meeting, Randall, A.D., Francis, R.M., Frimpter, M.H., and New Orleans, La., March 2-6,1986: The Metallurgical Emery, J.M., 1988, Region 19, Northeastern Appala­ Society, Process Mineralogy VI, p. 117-135. chians, in Back, William, Rosenshein, J.S., and McHone, J.G., 1984, Mesozoic igneous rocks of northern Seaber, P.R., eds., Hydrogeology: Boulder, Colo., New England and adjacent Quebec Summary, Geological Survey of America, The Geology of North description map, and bibliography of data sources: America, v. O-2, p. 177-187. Geological Society of America, Map and Chart Series, Rives, T., Razack, M., Petit, J.P., and Rawnsley, K.D., 1992, MC-49. spacing Analogue and numerical simulations: Moke, C.B., 1946, The geology of the Plymouth Journal of , v. 14, no. 8/9, p. 925- Quadrangle, New Hampshire: Concord, N.H., State 937. Planning and Economic Development, 21 p. Seeburger, D.A., and Zoback, M.D., 1982, The distribution Narr, William, and Suppe, J., 1991, Joint spacing in of natural fractures and joints at depth in crystalline sedimentary rocks: Journal of Structural Geology, rock: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 87, no. B7, v. 13, p. 1037-1048. p. 5517-5534. Olson, J.C., 1941, Mica-bearing pegmatites of New Shapiro, Alien, 1993, Influence of heterogeneity on regional Hampshire: U.S. Geological Survey Strategic hydraulic properties of crystalline rock, in Banks, Minerals Investigation, Bulletin 931-P, p. 363-403. Shelia, and Banks, David, eds., International Associa­ Olson, J.C., and Overstreet, W.C., 1964, Geologic distribu­ tion of Hydrologists 24th Congress on the Hydrology tion and resources of thorium: U.S. Geological Survey of Hard Rocks, Oslo Norway, June 28-July 2, 1993: Bulletin 1204, 61 p. International Association of Hydrologists Memoirs, Paillet, F.L., 1985, Geophysical well log data for study of v. XXIV, part 1, p. 125-136. water flow in fractures in bedrock near Mirror Lake, West Thornton, New Hampshire: U.S. Geological Shapiro, A.M., and Hsieh, P.A., 1991, Research in fractured Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-340, rock hydrogeology: Characterizing fluid movement 27 p. and chemical transport in fractured rock at the 1991, Comparing geophysical logs to core and Mirror Lake drainage basin, New Hampshire, in cross-hole flow logging in the Mirror Lake drainage Mallard, G.E., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geolog­ basin, in Mallard, G.E., and Aronson, D.A., eds., ical Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program U.S. Geological Survey, Toxic Substances Hydrology Proceedings of Technical Meeting, Monterey, Calif., Program Proceedings of Technical Meeting, March 11-15, 1991: U.S. Geological Survey Water- Monterey, Calif., March 11-15, 1991: U.S. Geological Resources Investigations Report 91-4034, p. 155-161. Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report Snow, D.T., 1968, Rock-fracture spacings openings and 91-4034, v., p. 162-171. : Journal of the Soil Mechanics & Founda­ Paillet, F.L., and Duncanson, Russell, 1994, Comparison of tions Division, American Society of Civil Engineers, drilling reports and detailed geophysical analysis of v. 94, no. SMIl-5,p.73-91.

40 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Graft on County, New Hampshire 1970, The frequency and aperture of fractures in Anhedral. A descriptive term for a mineral grain that does rock: International Journal of Rock Mechanics and not exhibit its own crystal outline. Mining Sciences, v. 7, p. 23-40. Anatectic. A term that is used to describe a rock that has Terzaghi, R.D., 1965, Sources of error in joint surveys: undergone anatexis, which is a partial to complete Geotechnique, v. 15, p. 287-304. melting of existing rocks. Thompson, J.B., Jr., Bothner, W.A., Robinson, Peter, Annulus. A drilling term used to describe the space in a Isachsen, Y.G., and Klitgord, K.D., 1993, Continent- borehole around the casing or around the drill stem. Ocean Transect E-l Adirondacks to George's Bank: Aphanitic. Texture of an igneous rock in which the crystal­ Geological Society of America DNAG Series, scale line components are not distinguishable by the unaided 1:500,000 and pamphlet, 55 p. eye. Trainer, F.W., 1988, Hydrogeology of the plutonic Aplite. Light-colored igneous rocks characterized by a and metamorphic rocks, in Back, William, fine-grained allotriomorphic-granular texture. They Rosenshein, J.S., and Seaber, P.R., eds., Hydrogeo­ consist essentially of quartz, potassium feldspar, and logy: Boulder, Colo., Geological Survey of America, acid plagioclase. The Geology of North America, v. O-2, p. 367-380. Augen. A large lenticular mineral grain or cluster of grains Winkler, H.G.F., 1979, Petrogenesis of metamorphic in foliated metamorphic rocks. In cross-section the rocks: N.Y., Springer-Verlag, p. 348. augen is eye-shaped. Winter, T.C., 1984, Geohydrologic setting of Mirror Lake, Diabase. A general term for a group of igneous rocks that West Thornton, New Hampshire: U.S. Geological are rich in mafic minerals and are typically dark in Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report color. They can be intrusive (as in a dike) or extrusive 84-4266, 61 p. (as in volcanics). 1985, Mirror Lake and its watershed, A physio­ Borehole. An open hole created in the subsurface by graphic setting and geologic origin of Mirror Lake, in drilling. It is synonymous with well. Likens, G.E., ed., An ecosystem approach to aquatic Borehole development. A procedure followed after Ecology Mirror Lake and its environment: N.Y., drilling a borehole in order to remove fine particulate Springer-Verlag, p. 40-53. rock fragments and drilling fluids from the borehole. Winter, T.C., Eaton, J.S., and Likens, G.E., 1989, Evalua­ Boudin. Sausage-shaped, elongated structures that are tion of inflow to Mirror Lake, New Hampshire: Water formed along bedding planes from the stretching, Resources Bulletin, v. 25, no. 5, p. 991-1008. pinching, and failure of competent layers, which are Wood, W.W., Shapiro, A.M., and Hsieh, P.A., 1996, surrounded by less competent material. The boudins Observational, experimental and inferred evidence for observed in this sudy area are rich in diopside solute diffusion in fractured granite aquifers; examples (a calcium silicate). from the Mirror Lake Watershed, Grafton County, New Brecciated. A descriptive term for a rock structure that Hampshire, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Aronson, D.A., exhibits an accumulation of angular fragments. eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substance Chill margin. The border or marginal area of an igneous Hydrology Program Proceedings of the Technical intrusion, characterized by finer grain than the interior Meeting, Colorado Springs, Colo., September 20-24, of the rock mass, owing to more rapid cooling. 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Clinochlore. A magnesium-rich mineral in the chlorite Investigations Report 94-4015, v. 1, p. 167-170. group. It is usually green. It is common in metamor­ Zoback, M.D., and Zoback, MaryLou, 1989, Stress in the phic assemblages and is frequently an alteration Earth's lithosphere, in James, D.E., ed., The encyclo­ product of , biotites, and garnet in igneous pedia of solid earth geophysics: N.Y.,Van Nostrand rocks. Reinhold Co., p. 1221-1232. Contact. A plane or irregular surface between two different types or ages of bedrock or unconsolidated sediments. Core. A cylindrical sample of bedrock obtained by use of a GLOSSARY special drilling bit and retrieved by use of a core barrel. Core barrel. Two nested tubes above the drill bit, the outer rotating with the bit, the inner receiving and preserving Air-hammer rotary drilling. See percussion rotary a continuous section or core of the material penetrated. drilling. Coring-induced fractures. Fractures caused by the Allotriomorphic granular. Crystalline texture of an drilling process. The occurrence is related to the igneous or characterized by crystals stresses imposed during drilling and to the location of that are mostly anhedral, or without crystalline form. structural flaws in the rock matrix.

GLOSSARY 41 Core recovery. A measurement of the length of the core Fracture set. A group of fractures that exhibit similar that was obtained relative to the length that was drilled. orientations as they formed in response to the same The core recovery is expressed as a percent. stress or stresses. Coticule laminae. A layer of fine-grained quartz and Gamma-photon emissions. Gamma photons, which are a spessartite garnet that is found in metasedimentary form of electromagnetic radiation, are natural products rocks. of radioactive decay of uranium, thorium and Coticule layers. Metamorphosed, fine grained quartz and potassium-40. The emissions occur as one radio- spessartite garnet that usually are formed in layers. isotope is transformed to another in the decay process. Cuttings. Drill cuttings are fragments of rock that were Global Positioning System. Global Positioning Systems created by drilling. (GPS) make use of satellite and land-based radio Dike. A planar or tabular intrusive that is usually discor­ signals to determine geographically referenced dant with the surrounding country rock. locations. [The accuracy of the coordinates Drilling fluid. A fluid (or gas) that is used in the drilling determined using a GPS depend on the tool and the process to remove cuttings and naturally occurring number of satellites used for the determination of the fluids from the borehole. location.] Drive shoe. A steel collar that is fixed to the lower end of Gouge. Fault gouge is soft, pulverized, clay-rich material the casing. It serves as a protective leading edge of the that is found along some faults. casing as it is hammered into solid bedrock. Gneiss. A coarse-grained metamorphic rock that exhibits XRF. Energy dispersive x-ray fluorescence spectrometry less than 50 percent foliated minerals. A banded (XRF) uses a electrons from x-ray beam to interact gneiss exhibits alternating bands of granular and with the sample. Outer shell electrons on the sample micaceous minerals. are forced to drop to a lower shell, which causes a Gneissic. A descriptive term for rocks that exhibit texture characteristic release of energy. Energy detectors that is similar to gneiss. sample all elements at the same time, and count the Granite. A coarse-grained, light-colored, igneous intrusive occurrence of each element. XRF is used in conjunc­ rock comprised of quartz, feldspar, and mica. tion with scanning electron microscope. Granitoid. A granitic rock, or a plutonic rock with 20-60 Euhedral. A descriptive term for a mineral grain that is percent quartz, and frequently with gneissic texture. bounded by its own rational crystal face. Grout. A cement slurry of high water content, which can Exfoliation. A process of weathering in which sheets of be poured or injected and used to fill or seal spaces. rocks are removed from the rock mass. Hypidiomorphic-granular. A texture of igneous rock that Fault. A fracture or a zone of fractures along which there is comprised of a mixture of euhedral, subhedral, and has been displacement of the sides relative to one anhedral crystals. another parallel to the fracture. Igneous. Descriptive term for rocks or minerals solidified Feldspar. A group of aluminosilicate minerals containing from molten or partially molten material, that is, potassium (as in orthoclase), or a mixture of sodium formed from a , such as a granite, monzonite, or (albite) and calcium (anorthite). diabase. Felsic. An igneous rock having abundant light-colored Joint. A surface fracture or parting in a rock along which minerals in its mode. there has been no displacement. Felsic stringers. In this report the term has been used to Lens. A tabular layer that is thickest at the center and describe very thin (< 2 cm) usually irregularly shaped pinches out at the edges. veins comprised of felsic minerals. Leucocratic. Light-colored igneous rocks with few mafic Flowmeter. A downhole tool used to measure vertical flow minerals. within a borehole. The most sensitive flowmeters use a Leucosome. The light-colored, equigranular part of a chemical or thermal tracer that moves upward or migmatite, usually coarse grained and rich in quartz, downward under the influence of vertical gradients in a feldspar (plagioclase), and muscovite. Generally it borehole. does not exhibit foliation. Foliation. A general term for a planar arrangement of Liesegang bands. Bands of iron migration within the textural or structural features in any type of rock; matrix of rock. especially the planar structure that results from . A term used to describe the parallel alignment flattening of the constituent grains of a metamorphic of linear structures within a rock. rock. Mafic. A term used to describe minerals that are rich in Fracture. A generic term for a break, crack, or opening in iron and magnesium (ferromagnesian). A mafic rock is bedrock along which water may flow. typically dark in color.

42 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Graflon County, New Hampshire Matrix, (igneous rock): A descriptive term that refers to Petrographic. A descriptive term that refers to the classifi­ the interlocking mineral grains that comprise the solid cation of rock types usually by means of microscopic fine-grained part of a rock. In igneous rock this is also examination of thin-section samples of rocks. called the groundmass. (general term): The matrix Petrographic analyses can also include x-ray diffrac­ also refers to the solid rock that bounds a fracture. tion and SEM analyses. Melanosome. The dark-colored, foliated part of migmatite, Phenocryst. A large, conspicuous crystal in a relatively rich in mafic minerals. fine-grained matrix. Metamorphic. Descriptive term for rocks such as gneiss Phlogopite. A magnesium-rich, iron-poor phyllosilicate and schist, that have formed, in the solid state, from that is copper-colored to reddish brown. other rocks due to changes in temperature and pressure. Phyllosilicate. Mineral and crystalline structure of silicon- Metamorphism. The process of rocks, such as gneiss and oxygen tetrahedra arranged in sheets. "Mica", schist, forming in the solid state from other rocks as the muscovite, biotite, phologopite, and chlorite are result of changes in temperature and pressure. phyllosilicates. Metasedimentary rock. A metamorphic rock whose Pneumatic packer. A device that is positioned in the original material was sedimentary. borehole and inflated in order to seal or "pack-off Migmatite. A rock that is a product of partial melting. portions of the borehole. One or more packers can be Usually, it exhibits a coarse-grained mixture of igneous used at the same time to isolate discrete sections of the and (or) metamorphic characteristics. The felsic borehole for hydraulic testing or water sampling. igneous part is called a leucosome, and the foliated Porphoritic. An igneous rock texture that exhibits several mafic section is the melanosome. phenocrysts (relatively large crystals) in a fine-grained NAD of 1927. North American datum of 1927 is a matrix. horizontal, surveying datum that is used to reference Primary porosity. The porosity that developed during the cartographic locations. All locations that are final stages of sedimentation or that was present within referenced to NAD27 can be converted to the more sedimentary particles at the time of deposition. recent datum (NAD of 1983). It is important for spatial relations that features be referenced to the same Quartzite. A metamorphic rock consisting of quartz and datum. other impurites such as sulfide minerals. Quartzite Nappes. A sheet like mass of rock that has been moved in a formed from the metamorphism of quartz-rich deposits horizontal direction either by thrust faulting or such as . recumbent folding. Rare-earth element phosphate. A mineral comprised of Orogeny. The process of mountain formation. rare-earth metals such as cerium, lanthanum, yttrium, Outcrop. A part of the bedrock that is exposed at the land thorium, and phosphate. Monazite is a rare-earth surface. element phosphate that is comprised of 1 to 20 percent Oxidation. A process that causes alteration of minerals and thorium, which is radioactive. (or) water as a result of electron transfer. The species Rotary drilling. Method of drilling deep boreholes using a that loses electrons in the oxidation-reduction process drill bit attached to the bottom of a rotating drill pipe. is said to be oxidized. Saprolite. A clay-rich, decomposed rock formed by Panidiomorphic granular. A rock texture comprised chemical weathering of igneous, sedimentary, and almost completely of euhedral crystals. It is most often metamorphic rocks. It is commonly called "rotten exhibited in intrusive mafic rocks such as lampro- rock". phyres. Schist. A metamorphic rock characterized by strong Pegmatite. Extremely coarse-grained igneous rock with schistosity and foliation. interlocking crystals. The composition is usually granitic. Schistosity. A characteristic texture or or rock comprised of platy minerals whose long axis lies in the Pelitic. A term used to describe metamorphosed aluminium rich (argillaceous) rocks. same direction and forms a lineation in the rock. It imparts a planar in the rock. Percussion rotary drilling. A method of drilling in bedrock. The drill bit pulses, or hammers, and simulta­ Schlieren. Restites or residuals of mafic-rich, foliated neously turns its way into the rock, causing it to minerals, which occur in wispy-looking layers usually fragment. Compressed air or water is forced down the less than 2.5 centimeters wide. center of the drill rods in order to evacuate rock Secondary porosity. Porosity caused by secondary cuttings and fluids from the borehole. features such as fractures or solution cavities.

GLOSSARY 43 SEM. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) uses a Unconsolidated rock. A in which the particles focused beam of electrons, which is moved across the are not firmly cemented together, such as a sand, in sample, to produce a magnified view of the rock contrast to sandstone. sample. The SEM is used in conjunction with energy Vein. A tabular or sheet-like igneous body that has been dispersive x-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) in intruded into a pre-existing rock along a joint or crack. order to measure the elemental composition of a In this report, the term vein has been used for igneous sample. intrusions that are less than 20 cm wide. Sericite. Product of alteration or retrograde metamorphism Verging, . A structure in crystalline rock that of potassium feldspar to white fibrous mica. exhibits an inclined or overturned . . Shiny, striated surface that is caused by the Vesicular. A term used to describe a rock texture that is polishing action along a fault surface. characterized by vesicles or cavities formed by Stress. The resultant forces, expressed in force per unit expansion of gases during solidification of the igneous area, acting on any point within a solid. magma. Stress field. The state of stress for a given domain or Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney, test. A statistical test used to region. determine if two different sample populations come Subhedral. A descriptive term used to define the degree to from an identical population. It is also called the rank- which a mineral exhibits its crystalline form. A sum test and is a non-parametric alternative to the two- subhedral mineral exhibits some of its crystal form. sample t test. Subhedral is intermediate to euhedral and anhedral. Wire-line core barrel. A core barrel that can be retrieved . Folded stratified rocks that dip downward from from the borehole by use of a steel cable and a winch. opposite directions and meet in the middle of a trough. Younger sediments are folded towards one another. The advantage of using a wire-line core barrel over conventional tools is that all of the drill rods can Synclinorium. A regional fold that is concave upward and remain in the borehole while the core sample is whose younger stratigraphic layers are in the core of the fold. retrieved. Texture. General physical appearance or character of a Xenolith. The inclusion of a pre-existing rock in an rock caused by variations in grain size, crystalline igneous rock, usually a piece of the non-igneous shape and orientation, and fabric of the rock. surrounding, or "country" rock. Thin section. A very thin slice of rock that enables light to X-ray diffraction. A method that uses a beam of electro­ pass through so that the optical properties of the rock magnetic radiation focused at a rock sample. Minerals can be analyzed for purposes of describing and identi­ in the sample are identified by the characteristic fying minerals. interference patterns caused by the x-rays and the Till. A predominantly nonsorted, nonstratified sediment crystalline structure of the minerals. deposited directly by a glacier and comprised of Zinnwaldite. A phyllosilicate mineral that is often associ­ boulders, gravel, sand, silt, and clay mixed in various ated with lithium-bearing minerals such as monazite, proportions. flourite, , or .

44 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Graft on County, New Hampshire APPENDIX DEPTH, IN METERS BELOW TOP OF CASING co ro o 01 o 01 o. I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I o ^ x x//x x x ^ x x x x xN{x x x \ x 03 x x It x x x ^ x x x x x)v\x «< x x //x x x x^ty x x x x |jc^ x x x U m Q. ALTITUDE. IN METERS ABOVE SEA LEVEL o ro O o CO->1 ro ^ (D O D) 3 O 1 \ fif

Vt - 3" DIP CODE (DC)

CO 3 3 APERTURE CODE (AC)

DESCRIPTORS (DSC)

ro 01 DEPTH TO MIDPOINT (DMP) mm CO CO b en CO (D below top of casing (0 (5* 2*6" O O O CO o C/) OJ CD H 0) o 31 X o 3) o 3J 00 m m 3 O CO T| o, Tl _. > CO _* > > o CO tfi m ^ m 3 z o o z 1 12 ' "§ § 3} | -* O 5' c O o> r^g.Hi^q ii g" z i o o CO 1 ^ E m co CD m b -K 1.8mwide 3diumcoarseto 0 1 3 3 o foliairalleltothe DIKEITEfrom * bouldersLand TJ (D 3 HIST26.5from "* ° 3 =f H P- o Q. CO O Is § 0 O DO CO '-L O ° |o 1 38 0 H c s- <" O m z &« 3J O en z D S S S K ro | 1 01 " *» O 01 j* f-» 5 £2. 2. o *5 o bo ^ iSissia o 53' o m CD o 3 CO o O) 0) O b i-* CD -siro 3 ^gilSIj m,20.5laminate Ul cb" I- 3 0 5' g M a 3 o^ CD ** ^* o N' b j ^"' bo 1&3|"' 8 CO _. CO ,» = P CD » o T£ 0. 0 £ | 3 3 1: 1 " -d !° Cfl 3 CL ro 0 IT ^ Ol o i 55' W r-+ o oSli^o Si 7.3 3 o 3 ^3 I o o ^« oo ; j j^j 'CD 3 P q ca *° 01 s o 3 01 CO ^ CD CO < M 01 = o Q. 3 a= 3 3 aw o 3 CD CT CL ct 2: S| 1 = O. CD S CL llg * 3 II 1 1 01 5 CD -^ CD 0 - cr ^ o 9 ^ (D 1 CL CL ^ 0 2 bo Q CD ro o 3 (U o. 3 U CD ^ W ? 0 W 2 a. -« c S c n 3 3 ® & CD s. o'CO CD CO Q. 0 g O 8 c CD :T Q. cb* 0 3 CO o =§. - s. 1 1: , ^ S" 3 \£ Q) o 2. CT ^ 0 CD 0> 0 < o' CD P - ® O) S

Q. CO1 Continued FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

DC AC DCS DMP 30.47- 187.22 GRANITE continued to 30.6 m m - xf 31.4 SCHIST from 30.6 to 36.5 m, gneissic, coarse grained

FELSIC VEIN at 32.8 m, steeply dipping, ~ 15 cm to 20 cm - w xf.e 32.9 wide

GNEISS from 34.0 to 35.0 m, gradual contacts, ~ 1.0 m 182.7 m mf2, pf 34.9 wide

GRANITE from 36.5 to 38.5 m, fine grained, dusky, equigranular, lower 1 meter grading to foliated schist below, - 2.0 m wide SCHIST from 38.5 to 42.0 m, coarse grained, ~ 3.5 m wide

177.7-

PEGMATITE from 42.0 to 43.4 m, ~ 1.4 m wide - - P 43.0 SCHIST or GNEISS from 43.4 to 53.0 m, equigranular matrix O with some foliation, ~ 9.6 m wide

SCHIST from 43.4 to 46.9 m, gneissic texture, ~ 3.5 m wide

PEGMATITE from 46.9 to 47.2 m, ~ 0.3 m wide GRANITE from 47.2 to 48.0 m, gray, biotite-muscovite, ~ 0.8 m wide

50 167.7- GRANITE from 49.7 to 50.0 m, chlorite-muscovite, ~ 0.3 m wide

m n a 52.7 SCHIST and GNEISS from 53.0 to 55.2 m, alternating bands of equigranular gneiss or granite and weakly foliated schist, chlorite-muscovite, gradual contacts, ~ 2.2 m wide 162.7- 55 GRANITE from 55.2 to 57.5 m, whitish gray, - 2.3 m wide FELSIC VEINS at 55.5 and 57.0 m, ~ 2 to 3 cm wide (not shown) - - P 57.0 1 GNEISS from 57.5 to 59.9 m, coarse grained

GRANITE from 59.0 to 59.8 m, altered, ~ 0.8 m wide 157.7- 60 SCHIST from 59.8 to 60.7 m, ~ 0.9 m wide GRANITE from 60.7 to 62.5 m, ~ 1.8 m wide

APPENDIX 47 CO1 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. DC AC DCS DMP 60.95 X X X GRANITE continued to 62.5 m X X X GRANITE from 61.0 to 62.5 m, altered muscovite-rich and X chlorite, coarse grained, ~ 1.5 m wide tt SCHIST from 62.5 to 113.7 m, steeply dipping foliation, green, chlorite-muscovite, fine grained, ~ 22.8 m wide

65 152.7

h m xf 66.0

- ^ m n pf,o 68.5

70 147.7- SCHIST from 70.0 to 78.5 m, augen schist, gradual contacts, ~ 8.5 m wide SCHIST from 71.0 to 71.4 m, felsic zone in schist, ~ 0.4 m _ wide

~ UJ

§ 75 2i 142.7- FELSIC VEIN at 75.0 m, ~ 15 cm wide co

_ ALTITUDE,INMETERSABOVE

^i 80- CO ^

PEGMATITE DIKE from 82.3 to 83 m, ~ 0.7 m wide

FELSIC VEIN at 83.5 m ~ 5 cm wide 1^5^T| - FELSIC VEIN at 84.7 m ~ 3 cm wide 85 132.7-

« X GRANITE from 85.3 to 87.0 m, coarse grained, some foliation,

X X altered, ~ 1.7 m wide X - X X X X SCHIST from ~ 87.0 to ~ 91.0 m, chlorite-muscovite schist with some biotite, gradual contacts, ~ 4.0 m wide

90~ 127.7

48 LithologyI and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire CO1 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. . DC AC DCS DMP SCHIST continued to 113.7 m Z . PEGMATITE VEIN at 92.7 m, ~ 5 cm wide

% APLITE VEIN at 94.8 m, cross-cutting foliation of schist, 95 122.7 < 5 cm wide

SCHIST from 95.0 to 98.7 m, fine grained, biotite-chlorite with sulfides, ~ 3.7 m wide

_ SCHIST from 98.4 to 98.7 m, felsic-rich zone, ~ 0.3 m wide I GRANITE or APLITE VEIN at 99.1 m, irregularly shaped, 100 %11 117.7- ~ 5 cm wide _ ! SCHIST from 101.8 to 102.1 m, felsic-rich zone, ~ 0.3 m wide lililililililili

N> o en ^ 1 CASINGETERSBELOWTOPOF i1 INMETERSABOVESEALEVEL i

2 UJ z w Q ~- 110 - i £ 107.7- l % jz SCHIST from 110.0 to 113.7 m, augened schist with some S3 w 5 banding, gradational upper contact, ~ 3.7 m wide o

_

PEG? > GRANITE from 113.7 to 119.8 m, light grayish white with green _ X microcline, coarse grained, ~ 6.1 m wide X \X X - 115 X 102.7- \^ s n 115.2 ~ X X X X . x ~~ h 116.4 _ ^Ki, PEGMATITE DIKE from 116.7 to 117.1 m, ~ 0.4 m wide X X X X - X --- . - - X h 118.2 _ X X _ X X SCHIST from 119.8 to 144.5 m, banded, coarse grained, 120 - 97.7 - ~ 24.7 m wide _ FELSIC VEIN at 121.6 m, ~ 5 cm 1 APPENDIX 49 CO1 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. DC AC DCS DMP 1 £_ 1 .*/ 1 SCHIST continued to 144.5 m

125 92.7 - FELSIC VEIN at 125.2 m, < 5 cm wide

GRANITE or APLITE DIKE from 126.5 to 127.0 m, feldspar ~~ v X X and muscovite, ~ 0.5 m wide

FELSIC VEIN at 128.6 m, ~ 2 cm wide _ i 130 87.7 -

1 i GRANITE DIKE from 131.4 to 131.6 m, ~ 0.2 m wide

i FELSIC VEIN at 133.5 m, ~ 3 cm wide

COtn 11it 00to^ 1 EPSBELOWTOPOFCASING lETERSABOVESEALEVEL

^ fc 22 z FELSIC VEINS at 139.3 m and 140.0 m, ~ 5 cm wide ? 140 ^ --77.7 - DEPTH,IN ALTITUDE Ii. i

X GRANITE from 144.5 to 148.7 m, - 4.2 m wide X X 72.7 145 X _ X X X GRANITE from 145.4 to 145.7 m, biotite rich, foliated, X X X ~ 0.3 m wide X X X X X ~ X X X X X X _ X SCHIST from 148.7 to 175.9 m, banded, - 27.2 m wide

150 67.7 - m 150.6 ^ 1 50 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire CO1 Continued FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. DC AC DCS DMP 64.8 SCHIST continued to 175.9 m

155 62.7- GRANITE DIKE from 155.9 to 156.5 m, parallel to foliation of schist, - 0.6 m FELSIC VEIN at 156.7 m, ~ 2 cm wide FELSIC VEIN at 157.9 m, ~ 6 cm wide

57.7 - FELSIC VEIN at 160.3 m, ~ 2 cm wide

PEGMATITE DIKE from 163.3 to 163.7 m, cross-cutting foliation of schist, ~ 0.4 m wide UJ u 52.7 GRANITE or APLITE VEIN at 165.2 m, cross-cutting foliation of schist, ~ 5 cm wide PEGMATITE from 165.8 to 166.7 m, ~ 0.9 m

FELSIC VEIN at 167.9 m, ~ 8 cm wide COcr LU UJ GRANITE or APLITE DIKE from169.3to 169.7 m, ~ 0.3 m 5 47.7. wide

FELSIC VEIN at 174.0 m, ~ 5 cm wide 42.7- GRANITE from 174.9 to 175.9 m, ~ 1.3 m wide 41.8- BOTTOM OF WELL AT 175.9 m

APPENDIX 51 DEPTH, IN METERS BELOW TOP OF CASING o m o to

g m ALTITUDE, IN METERS ABOVE SEA LEVEL o o O ro \ DD m = = 3 3- =r DIP CODE (DC) c/> 3 3. 3 33 APERTURE CODE (AC)

a. a. '3§ (O DESCRIPTORS (DSC) co

oo o> io fo P° DEPTH TO MIDPOINT (DMP) mm (Ou below too of casino o CO 00 OD CO 3D 00 > § q£.H3 £. - g- -3(goo gO o-rn=--m- ( cQrn'dcrn2.rnicDOo. jg3It

it!! -w " s 12fs

. |S I-3 § § '1" 3 * f <§ II !Q. I !1- l V J Q o o D)_ D)5' o CD 3 S w 33 £ 0) » S" (D CO o ' Q. a; (D CO2 continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

DC AC DCS DMP 30.5 15 186.4' GRANITE continued to 31.1 m GRANITE from 31.1 to 33.5 m, gneissic texture, vertical foliations, biotite rich, ~ 2.4 m wide FELSIC STRINGERS at 31.6 m and 32.0 m, each < 5 cm wide (not shown) SCHIST from 33.5 to 39.0 m, coarse texture, with steeply dipping foliation, some banding, gradational upper contact, ~ 5.5 m wide 181.9 GRANITE DIKE from 35.8 to 36.1 m, parallel to foliation of the schist, ~ 0.3 m wide

GRANITE 39.0 to 39.2 m, coarse grained, biotite- muscovite, ~ 0.2 m wide 40 y. 176.9 PEGMATITE from 39.2 to 42.0 m, ~ 2.8 m wide

h n 41.5 h n 42.1 GRANITE from 42.0 to 46.0 m, coarse grained, biotite- muscovite, ~ 4.0 m wide

FELSIC STRINGERS at 44.3 m, ~ 2 cm wide UJ 45 , B171.9- m n - CQ 45.3 < C/3 SCHIST from 46.0 to 49.1 m, steeply dipping foliation, QC biotite-chlorite, coarse grained, ~ 3.1 m wide

GRANITE from 49.1 to 54.6 m, fine grained, chlorite- muscovite, altered, weakly foliated to gneissic, ~ 5.5 m 50 - : 166.9 wide

s n a 52.6 FELSIC VEINS at 54.6 m, several intersecting the well at multiple orientations, ~ 1 to 2 cm wide (not shown)

SCHIST from 54.6 to 61.9 m, coarse grained to gneissic 55 161.9 texture, steeply dipping foliation, ~ 7.0 m wide

GRANITE DIKE from 57.0 to 57.3 m, equigranular, coarse grained, biotite-muscovite, ~ 0.3 m wide GRANITE DIKE from 57.7 to 58.0 m, equigranular, coarse grained, biotite-muscovite, ~ 0.3 m wide PEGMATITE 59.1 to 59.5 m, ~ 0.4 m wide

156.9-

61.9 154.97- BOTTOM OF WELL at 61.9m APPENDIX 53 WELL NAME: CO3

LITHOLOGY FRACTURES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

215.41 Q_ SAND & GRAVEL from 0.5 to 2.3 m, brown, with cobbles, Q ~ 1.8 m wide O ^ o ^ 0 t _c SAND from 2.3 to 2.8 m, medium to coarse sand, ~ 0.5 m wide EPTHTOMIDPOir PERTURECODE( ESCRIPTORS(DS belowoftoocas SAND from 2.8 to 4.2 m, medium to coarse sand, with some O fine sand, - 1.4 m wide BEDROCK SURFACE at 4.5 m 111 210.4 Q O 0 a. Q Q Q

BOTTOM OF CASING at 7.92 m SCHIST from 7.92 to 26.6 m, oxidized, coarse grained, gneissic, biotite-muscovite-quartz-feldspar, ~ 18.7 m wide

0 00§ *k h n e,a,xf,fz 10.2

h n xf,mf2,b 11.0

FELSIC BAND at 14.6 m, cross cuts foliation of schist, 200.4- ~ 1.0 cm wide

SCHIST from 16.0 to 25.0 m, with banding, gradational contacts, ~ 9.0 m wide FELSIC ZONE from 16.1 to 16.4 m in schist, - 0.3 m wide m n xf 17.7

195.4- GRANITE VEIN at 20.0 m, parallel to foliation, ~ 15 cm wide

GRANITE VEIN at 22.5 m, parallel to foliation, - 15 cm wide

SCHIST from 24.4 to 25.2 m, altered, biotite-chlorite, with 25 190.4- trace sulfide minerals, some iron-staining, gradational contacts, ~ 0.8 m wide APLITE DIKE at 25.4 m, ~ 20 cm wide GRANITE from 26.6 to 33.0 m, biotite granite, ~ 6.5 m wide

SCHIST or GNEISS from 28.2 to 29.0 m, coarse grained, biotite-muscovite, some to trace oxidation, ~ 0.8 m wide

30 185.4-

54 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire COS Continued

LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

DC AC DCS DMP 30.47- 184.94- h n a,o,y 30.6 GRANITE continued to 33.0 m

SCHIST from 32.3 to 32.6 m, ~ 0.3 m wide

SCHIST from 33.0 to 36.5 m, medium to coarse grained, biotite-muscovite-quartz-feldspar and trace sulfide minerals, ~ 3.5 m wide

180.4- FELSIC BAND at 35.1 m, - 2 cm wide

GRANITE from 36.5 to 38.0 m, coarse grained, biotite-rich, - 1.5m wide GNEISS from 38.0 to 39.4 m, foliated, ~ 1.4 m wide m n X 37.9

175.4- SCHIST from 39.9 to 40.5 m, ~ 0.6 m wide GRANITE from 40.5 to 42.4 m, biotite-muscovite, ~ 1.9 m wide

SCHIST from 42.4 to 43.0 m, felsic augens, ~ 0.9 m wide GRANITE from 43.0 to 44.4 m, ~ 1.4 m wide

SCHIST from 44.4 to 45.4 m, ~ 1.0 m wide xe 45 170.4-

GRANITE from 45.4 to 46.6 m, - 1.2 m wide GRANITE / GNEISS from 46.6. to 47.9 m, ~ 1.3 m wide

SCHIST from 47.9 to 49.1 m, with some sulfide minerals, ~ 1.2 m wide GNEISS / GRANITE from 49.1 to 53.2 m, coarse grained, 165.4- weakly foliated, quartz rich, ~ 4.1 m wide

SCHIST from 53.2 to 54.1 m, ~ 0.9 m wide GRANITE / GNEISS from 54.1 to 62.3 m, biotite-quartz- muscovite-with trace , coarse grained, ~ 8.4 m wide 160.4- APLITE DIKE at 54.9 m, ~ 4 cm wide 55 GRANITE from 55.5 to 56.1 m, pale green, altered, ~ 0.6 m wide

y" yc-^x GRANITE from 58.7 to 60.7 m, altered, ~ 2.0 m wide

155.4-

APPENDIX 55 COS Continued

LITHOLOGY FRACTURES FRACTURE DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. ATTRIBUTES DC AC DCS DMP 60.95 154.46- GRANITE continued to 62.3 m

SCHIST from 62.3 to 64.5 m, top contact is gradual, ~ 2.2 m wide 63.2 BOTTOM OF WELL AT 64.5 m

56 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire WELL NAME: CO4

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. 216.11 ST SAND from 0.8 to 2.9 m, brown, fine to very coarse, ~ 2.1 m r*"Q o) wide O ^ O t _c o *o SAND, SILT and COBBLES from 2.9 to 4.5 m, tan, very fine PERTURECODE( ESCRIPTORS(DS 2.2 sand, silt and rounded to sub-angular cobbles, - 1.6 m O Q 0 wide Q, ^ oQ. LU SAND, SILT and COBBLES from 4.5 to 7.0 m, tan, medium to 211.1 Q O II^t» Q) coarse sand, and few sub angular cobbles, possibly till, 0 ^ ^3 ~ 2.5 m wide Q_ UJ BEDROCK SURFACE at 6.0 m Q Q Q SCHIST cuttings, fine grained, biotite-rich

BOTTOM OF CASING at 8.84 m SCHIST from 8.9 to 16.9 m, dusky brown, coarse grained with some felsic bands and some augens, near vertical 206.1- foliation, ~ 8.0 m wide

PEGMATITE from 11.0 to 11.3 m, ~ 0.3 m wide GRANITE or GNEISS 11.3 to 12.2 m, felsic rich, very coarse grained to gneissic, becomes more foliated with increasing depth, lower contact gradational, ~ 0.9 m wide

01 GRANITE DIKE from13.9 to 14.5 m, yellowish gray, 8 h m 0 14.1 CD oxidized, muscovite and biotite, fine grained, cross-cuts 15 < 201.1- foliation of schist, ~ 0.6 m wide

GNEISS from 16.9 to 17.9 m, coarse grained, weakly foliated ~ 1.0 m wide h w fz,o,a,xf,y 18.1 SCHIST from 17.9 to 47.2 m, coarse grained, with some h n - 18.4 augens, foliation is generally steeply dipping, biotite, ~ 29.3 m wide m w o.xf 19.4 196.1- s n o.pf 20.2

m n o.xf 22.2 h n *' i 22.6 m n o,xf 22.7 m n o,xf 22.9 m n o,xf 23.5 GRANITE DIKE from 25.0 to 25.5 m, medium to coarse 191.1 grained equigranular, biotite-muscovite granite, parallel to foliation, - 0.5 m wide

h,m w fz.o.j.xf, 28.7 y

30 186.1- m n fz.xf 29.8

APPENDIX 57 CO4 Continued

LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

. .~~, DC AC DCS DMP SCHIST continued to 47.2 m **-^ x 5- GRANITE from 31.1 to 32.0 m, fine grained, muscovite- biotite, cross cuts foliation of schist, - 0.9 m wide APLITE from 31.4 to 31.7 m, - 20 cm wide

SCHIST from 31.7 to 32.5 m, felsic rich, coarse grained, ~ 0.8 m wide SCHIST from 32.5 to 36.7 m, coarse grained with narrow 35- I 181.1- (~ 3 to 15 cm wide), gray quartzitic layers at 32.4, 32.9, and 35.2 m, ~ 4.2 m wide GRANITE DIKE from 34.8 to 35.1 m, grayish white, 1 muscovite-biotite, fine grained, foliated, parallel to the

X X foliation of schist, ~ 0.3 m wide GRANITE DIKE from 36.7 to 37.5 m, muscovite granite, fine grained, cross-cuts foliation of schist, - 0.9 m wide

SCHIST from 38.0 to 41.2 m, gneissic texture, poorly 40 176.1- foliated, coarse grained, - 3.2 m wide

PEGMATITE DIKE from 41.8 to 42.1 m, ~ 0.3 m wide i^ O i UJ 1 - UJ o u. u5 APLITE from 44.2 to 44.3 m, ~ 15 cm wide O -O?5? CO PEGMATITE from 44.3 to 44.8 m, ~ 0.5 m wide 0. UJ P 45 - *S > 171.1 _ P^ *tO V5r 1 CD SCHIST from 45.7 to 47.2 m, fine grained, with coarse I : CO grained layers, ~ 1.5 m wide UJ a: m UJ CO

GRANITE DIKE at 51.5 m, parallel to foliation of schist 1 ~ 15cm wide

55 161.1- APLITE DIKE from 53.7 to 55.2 m, bright white, irregularly shaped, ~ 1.5 m wide

PEGMATITE from 59.1 to 59.4 m, ~ 0.3 m wide

60 156.1 i BOTTOM OF WELL AT 60.65 m fin fie - 1^ 1^;^ 4R-

58 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire DEPTH, IN METERS BELOW TOP OF CASING m

m o ALTITUDE, IN METERS ABOVE SEA LEVEL O en

=r 3- 3 333 --3 DIP CODE (DC)

=> 3 3 533 5 => 3 APERTURE CODE (AC) =1? "a. * i.v 35 Q. b -», a> OOH p < -£ p DESCRIPTORS (DSC) CC

ro ro 00 00 00 DEPTH TO MIDPOINT (DMP) a> to ro o j*. GJ k> CO bo en ro Wi below too of casina

CO O CO DO O o z O O BEDRO OVERB m i _o W < - E i -i CO CD oj CO ' c O . m m § jg O CQ s££ o cz 3 o C Q. z 1 1 ~ H co CD CO o> n 0 £ O ^ D ^ Q. c 3 I i T3 -* CD -D i m o H O" 3 I * Q> O CD O m 3J §. o> U) co I O Q} ro 3 0 o o Q. m co r S. NO)-. - -». 3 CD CO 3 S m O Q) -* ^ I S 0 CBANDat10 3 a> Q. m CD Q- o m H m CD rt- cutsfoliation ? s !« c 3 3 CD" O v£ -Q O Q. C= P9 > £CD* a. CO CQ 3 z isim§ d Q. 3 ^ m z z -» CO 3D w** 0o 2 03 i o ,i- w ® O I* a. i t £D m w ro ik g oa CQ _k i *r en ro m coarsew CO Q. « 2 -* -* JB m ^^p a. 3 5T OULDEP o ro o5 ik ^*. | (o "o oz b 33 CD CD 00 ^- 5' ro =? c o o CD ^tQ *- g m ^sl o ^ S 5' m cf SI CO » 0 o i3 ro n> CO 3 o 3 0 ^ 3 m® . »* Q) 3 <" CD O 0> " CQ F* b) o' CO 3 S b ^ CQ __*. g^- g^ -J CO _3 3 Q. JU CO oS. 3 CO s § 3 ro 32 3 0> i-> N' CD" * Q. CO 3 ro«Q o 3 CD" N O J» i i. 5 m 73' 5' c Q. 3_ o CD CD _ co 5 co' t ' co' CO p. CD co $ - o Q. 3 J ^ g 3 w 0> ro en CD CO ~ o 01 -~* o 3" 83QJ 3 CQ 3 S- CD Q. 5T o CO T3 N "-* -* o 8 b } CO 5" 0 Q) 5! 3 ro 0 ° _ fc cu <_ CO CD Q} *< -» CD CD CO 2 5- *> o o ro § ' 3CQ CO S" §. o CT 3 & Q. 3 CD = o CD bo 3 (Q dipping : o ^ CD 00 CD X ^ co g] 01 o § O b) 5' 01 c = (Q bo » CT 3 3 CO CQ 3 Q." S c _3 i bo O5 5- J o Q. roco CO OL 3 3"Q) Ol 3 o 3 oi CD (D CD 3 3 CO CT co S CD CD Q) - o o O K> 5 O 3 ?r o- CD"9L CD en CO | N> 5" OJ O ^ S § o - Q. w' ci Q. Oi Q. Q. _3 g. 3 Q. CD J o S oi iv I 3 CD 5' 3 Q. CD ^ CD CD CQ p p. S CT j CD CO a§' ?3 O 5! - o 2 Q. o! O . a. CD _K _. CO CO CD O 3 o-E § XN 3 w § | i CD O 3 S 5" 3 co S ° cr CD g O i CO CD_ O C CD 1 0 N" ^ S ® TJ CO o> <. S. CD X o CD co 5T CD CD Q. CD Q. 3 C a. CD - CO ® CD 3 Q. - COS Continued

LITHOLOGY FRACTURES AT^BUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

DC AC DCS DMP 30.47- SCHIST continued to 36.2 m

GRANITE DIKE or FELSIC DIKE from 32.3 to 32.6 m, m n P.xf 32.7 ~ 0.3 m wide

SCHIST from 33.0 to 36.2 m, fine grained, gradual upper contact, ~ 3.2 m 182.4 -

GRANITE DIKE from 36.2 to 37.2 m, fine grained, cross cuts foliation, irregularly shaped, ~ 1.0 m wide SCHIST from 37.2 to 44.7 m, ~ 7.5 m wide GRANITE DIKE from 37.2 to 37.5 m, ~ 0.3 m wide GNEISS from 37.5 to 38.3 m, ~ 0.8 m wide

FELSIC VEIN at 38.8 m, parallel to foliation, ~ 4 cm wide 177.4-

FELSIC VEIN at 40.8 m, parallel to foliation, ~ 4 cm wide

APLITE DIKE from 42.6 to 42.8 m, fine grained, cross-cuts foliation, ~ 0.2 m wide FELSIC VEIN at 43.9 m, parallel to foliation, ~ 3 cm wide

ui PEGMATITE from 44.7 to 45.9 m, ~ 1.2 m wide 45 > 172.4- SCHIST from 45.9 to 48.1 m, fine-grained, laminated, ~ 2.3 m wide

PEGMATITE VEIN at 48.2 m, ~ 15 cm wide GRANITE from 48.3 to 49.4 m, ~ 1.1 m wide

SCHIST from 50.5 to 69.7 m, augened to banded, 19.2 m wide FELSIC VEIN at 51.6 m, parallel to foliation, ~ 3 cm wide SCHIST from 52.5 to 55.5 m, gradually coarse grained, 167.4- ~3.0m

FELSIC ZONE in schist at 55.5 m

162.4- 55 GRANITE DIKE from 57.5 to 58.0 m, gradual contact, ~ 0.5 m wide

FELSIC BAND in schist at 58.9 m

h n 58.4

60 157.4 -

60 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire COS Continued

FRACTURE ATTRIBUTES LITHC )LO<3Y FRA CTU DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. DC AC DCS DMP 60.95^= 156.44- WE SCHIST continued to 69.7 m, banded with some augens

CASINGOFTOPN 1i,. OVESEALEVEL

APLITE OR GRANITE DIKE from 64.6 to 64.8 m, cross-cuts Q 653! & 2152.4- foliation of schist, - 0.2 m wide SCHIST from 65.5 to 70.1 m, coarse grained, with augens, DEPTH,METERSINBEL ALTITUDE,INMETERSi ~ 4.6 m wide 11Ii

FELSIC ZONE in schist at 67.6 m

BOTTOM of WELL 69.7 m, debris in bottom of well xi t* j> I BOTTOM of HOLE drilled to 70.1 m

APPENDIX 61 WELL NAME: CO6

LITHOLOGY FRACTURES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

0 ^M 217.37 BOULDER from 0.3 m to 1.1 m, ~ 0.8 m wide Q_ SAND from 1.1 to 2.0 m, brown medium-coarse, ~ 0.9 m wide Q BOULDER from 2.0 m to 2.1 m, ~ 0.1 m wide O L^r 03 SAND from 2.1 to 2.3 m, brown medium-coarse, - 0.2 m wide ^ 0 CO £= '55 BOULDER from 2.3 to 2.4 m, ~ 0.1 m wide UJ Q Q, 2° SAND from 2.4 to 4.6 m, very fine to coarse with some gravel, ~ 2.2 m wide 0 0 CO Q 0 O rr ^ Q TILL from 4.6 to 5.2 m, moist, brown, fine to medium sand with EPTHTOr belowto UJ PERTURE ESCRIPTO some very fine sand, silt, and boulders 212.4- Q BEDROCK SURFACE at 5.2 m O O Cuttings at 5.8 m, brown, tan with felsic muscovite chips, Q_ pegmatitic muscovite flakes Q Q Q Cuttings from 6.1 to 8.8 m, extremely fine grained. Possibly biotite schist with trace of felsic chips, with some oxidation, ~ 2.7 m wide

BOTTOM OF CASING at 9.39 m SCHIST from 9.4 to 38.1 m, biotite-quartz-feldspar, some 10 207^ m n pf 10.2 sillimanite, and trace garnet and , ~ 28.7 m wide - SCHIST from 9.4 to 12.4 m, fine to coarse grained, steeply m n 11.2 dipping foliation, ~ 3.0 m wide h m 11.6 FELSIC ZONE in SCHIST from 12.4 to 13.0 m, coarse grained and migmatite, ~ 0.6 m wide

h m 0 13.9 - - p,mf2 14.0 m w o,pf 14.3 15 - 202.4- SCHIST from 14.0 to 18.3 m, brownish gray, rich in m m a,o 15.4 muscovite flakes, coarse grained to gneissic texture, some h n - 15.6 augens and some weak banding, ~ 4.3 m wide h n mf2,o 16.4 FELSIC ZONE in SCHIST from 17.4 to 17.7 m, ~ 0.3 m h m o,a 16.7 n m 16.9 wide

m m 0 18.4

m n Pf 16.4 20 197.4-

m m xf.o 20.9

FELSIC BAND at 22.2 m in SCHIST, -1 cm wide

m xf,mf3,a 25 192.4 n 24.9 SCHIST from 24.4 to 25.9 m, felsic-rich with some chlorite, quartz and oxidation, banded, ~ 1.5m wide FELSIC BAND at 25.2 m in schist, ~2 cm wide SCHIST from 25.9 to ~ 30.0 m, extremely fine grained foliated bands and medium to coarse grained felsic bands, ~ 4.1 m wide

SCHIST from 30.0 to 38.1 m, coarse to gneissic texture, more coarse than above, ~ 8.1 m wide

30 187.4

62 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire CO6 Continued

LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

DC AC DCS DMP 30.47- 186.9C SCHIST continued to 38.1 m, coarse to gneissic texture

FELSIC BAND at 32.1 m, ~ 2 cm wide

FELSIC BAND at 33.4 m, ~ 2 cm wide

182.4 -

h n a 37.0 (borehole wall is rough from 37.5 to 37.8 m m n p.a 37.6 GRANITE from 38.1 to 39.6 m, altered, lower contact is gradual, ~ 1.5 m wide

SCHIST from 39.6 to 46.5 m, gneissic texture, felsic rich, s n s 39.3 177.4- ~ 6.9 m wide

s w pf,o,a 40.8 GRANITE from 41.6 to 42.2 m, - 0.6 m wide

APLITE VEIN at 43.7 m, ~ 20 cm wide

FELSIC BAND at 44.7 m, ~ 5-10 cm wide UJ > 172.4- FELSIC BAND at 45.4 m, ~ 5 cm wide m w cc GNEISS from 46.5 to 48.8 m, ~ 2.3 m wide UJ (D APLITE VEIN at 47.2 m, - 12 cm wide z m o PEGMATITE DIKE from 48.8 to 49.8 m, ~1.0 m wide

GRANITE from 49.8 to 50.5 m, - 0.7 m wide h n - 167.4- 49.9 GNEISS from 50.5 to 51 .9 m, ~1.4 m wide

PEGMATITE DIKE from 51.9 to 53.3 m, -1.4 m wide

P 16.2 SCHIST from 53.3 to 62.8 m, coarse to gneissic texture, quartzo-feldspathic rich ~ 9.5 m wide FELSIC BAND at 54.7 m, ~ 5 cm wide 162.4- FELSIC BAND at 55.0 m, ~ 5 cm wide

FELSIC BAND at 56.3 m, - 20 cm wide

FELSIC BAND at 59.1 m, ~ 5-10 cm wide

Possible APLITE from 50.0 to 50.40 m, ~ 0.4 m wide ?

60 157.4-

APPENDIX 63 CO6 Continued FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. sna* i«m DC AC DCS DMP SCHIST continued to 70.1 m, with gneissic texture, quartzo- feldspathic rich _J VV >UJ i UJ yy _i SCHIST from 62.8 to 70.1 m, mafic-rich and foliated, ^^Zr < UJ coarse grained, augened to banded, ~ 7.3 m wide r^r^ (/) XX UJ 5^5^ > O 65- w ^ 152.4 - _ 6? COtr ~~~ p^ UJ -5.tu PEGMATITE VEIN from 65.6 to 65.8 m, contact is embayed ^?1 z and irregular, ~ 20 cm wide of Q H " < BOTTOM OF WELL AT 70.0 m 70 _ 1474

64 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire WELL NAME: CO7

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. ATTRIBUTES 215.92- D) ^^ c

TODEPTHMIDPOINT (DMP)belowofcasitop BEDROCK SURFACE at 2.7 m CODEAPERTURE(AC DESCRIPTORS(DSC) 0 Q, LU Q O 210.9- O Q. BOTTOM OF CASING AT 6.25 m Q GRANITE from 6.3 to 6.7 m, fine grained, biotite-muscovite- h n 6.3 feldspar and quartz, grayish brown, oxidized, ~ 0.4 m wide SCHIST from 6.7 to 25.9 m, biotite-garnet, few pieces of oxidized chips, coarse grained to gneissic texture, some felsic banding, near vertical foliation, - 19.2 m wide h w e.fz 8.9 h m - 9.0 h w e, mf3 9.1 SCHIST from 7.6 to 9.1 m, large oxidized chips, graphitic 205.9- schene on water observed during drilling, - 1.5 m wide

FELSIC ZONE in the schist from 12.5 to 14.0 m, - 1.5 m wide h n - 13.8 PEGMATITE VEIN at 14.1,near horizontal, cross-cuts foliation of schist, ~ 6 cm wide 15 - < 200.9 - V) SCHIST from 14.1 to 15.5 m, medium to coarse grained, biotite-rich schist, with some augens, ~ 1.5 m wide

QUARTZ layer in SCHIST at 19.9 m, wedged-shaped, parallel to foliation, ~ 20 cm wide SCHIST from 21.5 to - 26.0 m, gneissic texture, coarse grained, with some felsic-rich zones, ~ 4.5 m wide

195.9- PEGMATITE DIKE from 20.6 to 21.3 m, parallel to foliation of schist, ~ 0.7 m wide

PEGMATITE VEIN at 25.75 m, muscovite and feldspar, ~ 9 cm wide SCHIST is coarse to gneissic, steeply dipping foliation, s m/w pf 23.2 some augens

FELSIC BAND at 25.8 m, granite or aplite, - 5 to 10 cm 25 190.9- wide GNEISS from 25.9 to 27.4 m, quartz, feldspar, muscovite, gradual contact, ~ 1.5 m wide PEGMATITE from 27.4 to 29.4 m, quartz, feldspar, muscovite, trace garnet and apatite, ~ 2.0 m wide (soft zone in drilling) (fracture zone appears to be along contact of pegmatite and gneiss) SCHIST from 29.4 to 33.5 m, coarse grained, gneissic texture, h w fz,a,e,xf 29.3 biotite rich foliated zones with some felsic rich non-foliated zones, ~ 4.1 m wide 30 185.9

APPENDIX 65 CO7 Continued

LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

DC AC DCS DMP 30.47- 185.44- SCHIST continued to 33.5 m m n/w xf,a,mf2 30.5 h n xf.y 31.3

GNEISS from 33.5 to 45.8 m, coarse grained, felsic rich, steeply dipping foliation, possibly migmatite, gradual upper and lower contacts, ~ 12.3 m wide FELSIC BAND at 34.0 m, - 5 cm wide 35- 180.9 - PEGMATITE from 35.9 to 36.3 m, ~ 0.4 m wide FELSIC BAND at 36.5 m, < 10 cm wide FELSIC ZONE from 36.8 to 37.2 m, ~ 0.4 m wide -¥i

GRANITE from 38.1 to 39.8 m, ~ 1.7 m wide h n - 39.5 175.9- FELSIC BAND at 41.0 m, ~ 5 cm wide

FELSIC ZONE from 42.5 to 44.2 m, ~ 1.7 m

170.9- FELSIC BAND at 45.5 m, cross-cuts the foliation in the gneiss, ~ 5 to 10 cm wide SCHIST from 45.8 to 52.5 m, gneissic texture, some weak banding, some augens, steeply dipping foliation, ~ 6.7 m wide FELSIC BAND at 46.5 m, parallel to foliation, ~ 15 cm wide FELSIC BAND at 48.0 m, parallel to foliation of the schist ~ 2 cm wide

165.9 - m n P. P' 50.0 FELSIC BAND at 51.7 m, ~ 7 cm wide

PEGMATITE DIKE from 52.5 to 54.0 m, abundant in quartz, ~ 1.5 m wide SCHIST from 54.0 to 71.1 m, some fine grained biotite-rich zones, felsic zones, and gneissic textured zones ~ 17.1 m wide 160.9- SCHIST from 54.4 to 59.3 m, coarse-grained, gneissic texture, ~ 4.9 m wide

PEGMATITE DIKE from 56.7 to 57.5 m, gradual upper contact, abundant in quartz, ~ 0.8 m wide

PEGMATITE DIKE from 59.3 to 60.0 m, gradual upper contact, ~ 0.7 m wide

60 155.9-

66 Litholbgy and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire CO7 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. DC AC DCS DMP SCHIST continued to 71.1 m FELSIC BAND at 61.3 m, parallel to foliation, ~ 10 cm wide SCHIST from ~ 61.0 to 64.4 m, layers of coarse-grained to gneissic textured biotite-rich zones, felsic zones and P. e, a 63.4 quartzite layers, gradual upper contact, ~ 3.9 m wide

PEGMATITE DIKE from 64.4 to 64.9 m, parallel to the foliation of the schist, ~ 0.5 m wide

GRANITE DIKE from 66.5 to 66.8 m, cross-cuts foliation of schist, irregular shape, ~ 0.2 m wide

GRANITE VEIN at 69.5 m, near parallel to foliation of schist, ~ 10 to 15cm wide

BOTTOM OF WELL AT 71.05 m

APPENDIX 67 WELL NAME: COS

FRAPTI1RF LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

217.83 Q_ Q SAND from 0.9 to 2.7 m, fine to coarse brown sand ^ O Boulder at 1 m, -0.3 m wide ^-> 0) if^ co LU "^^Q* f^\ (0 Q_ U SAND from 2.7 to 5.8 m, very fine to medium sand, with trace Q Q*0 o 0 coarse sand, brown with some gray sand, - 3.1 m wide O or ^ Q. EPTHTOK belowto| LU PERTURE ESCRIPTO 212.8- Q O O BEDROCK SURFACE at 5.8 m Q_ Possible fracture or very soft rock encountered in drilling at Q Q Q 6.7m

BOTTOM of CASING at 8.81 m h m e 8.9 SCHIST from 8.8 to 18.3 m, biotite-quartz-feldspar, trace 207. amounts of garnet and chlorite, with some oxidized pieces, gneissic texture, alternating bands of coarse-grained, J biotite-rich and foliated layers and equigranular, felsic-rich o layers, contacts are gradual, ~ 9.5 m wide i < ' ' LL o LU Q. CO g LU O 1,5 M 207.8- LU CD CC LU CC LU FELSIC ZONE from 16.1 to 16.5 m, in gneissic textured LU t schist, ~ 0.4 m wide

Q. LU o m 18.9 GRANITE from 18.3 to 25.6 m, coarse grained to gneissic texture, mostly equigranular with some foliated biotite, and 20 197.8- with some oxidized pieces of feldspar, - 7,3 m wide PEGMATITE from 19.5 to19.7 m, muscovite and feldspar, - 0.2 m wide h w a,y 21.2 SCHIST from 21.3 to 21.9 m, gradual contacts, biotite-rich, P 21.4 fine grained, ~ 0.6 m wide

SCHIST from 25.6 to 26.7 m, grayish, banded, ~ 1,1 m wide 25 192.8- FELSIC ZONE in schist from 26.7 to 27.5 m, ~ 0,8 m wide

SCHIST from 27.5 to 30.8 m, laminated, - 3.3 m wide

PEGMATITE from 29.5 to 29.9 m, ~ 0.4 m wide

30 187.8-

68 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire COS Continued

PRAPTI IRP LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

DC AC DCS DMP 30.47 187.C SCHIST continued to 30.8 m GRANITE from 30.8 to 31.6 m, gneissic texture, ~ 0.8 m wide

SCHIST from 31.6 to 34.4 m, fine grained, with some narrow h 32.8 h - - 33.1 felsic bands parallel to foliation, ~ 2.8 m wide h p 33.3

35 182.8 - GRANITE from 34.4 to 52.4 m, biotite-rich, coarse grained, m/s m a 35.5 ~ 18.0 m wide

Alternating bands of felsic-rich and biotite-rich zones from 36.5 to 37.5 m (not shown)

FELSIC BAND in GRANITE at 39.8 m, with some 177.8- pegmatitic muscovite, -10 cm wide

45 172.8-

FELSIC BAND at 46.5 m, - 10 cm wide PEGMATITE from 47.0 to 48.1 m, alternating layers of pegmatite and aplite, with many pegmatitic muscovite, ~ 1.1 m wide

PEGMATITE VEIN at 50.6 m, - 3 cm wide 167.8- h n a.h.xf 50.2 PEGMATITE VEIN at 51.4 m, ~ 3 to 5 cm wide

SCHIST from 52.4 to - 76.9 m, - 24.5 m wide SCHIST from 52.4 to 62.0 m, ery fine grained schist with garnet, some portions exhibit augens and some exhibit banding, ~ 9.6 m wide

162.8-

GRANITE from 56.5 to 57.6 m, fine to medium grained, biotite granite, contacts are parallel to foliation of the schist, ~ 1.1 m wide

PEGMATITE from 59.1 to 59.3 m, appears to be altered, ~ 20 cm wide

60 157.8-

APPENDIX 69 COS Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATJR| BUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. cnoc . . .. DC AC DCS DMP OU.^7O loo.oa SCHIST continued to 76.9 m

FELSIC ZONE in SCHIST from 62.1 to 62.7 m,

^ h n y 63.4 SCHIST from ~ 62.0 to 74.5 m fine grained, muscovite- biotite-with some chlorite and graphite, some banding, ~2.5m 65- ^ 152.8- (Possible fracture at 63.4 -identified in drilling) > h n 64.6 (Possible fracture at 64.9 -identified in drilling) LU ~ £^~i I OT LU - 5py FELSIC ZONE in SCHIST from 66.9 to 67.1 m, wi v & i i z 147.8- *77 LU GRANITE or APLITE VEIN at 70.1 m, - 20 cm wide W 0 GRANITE or APLITE VEIN from 71.0 to 71.3 m, ~ 0.3 m wide < ^ h n 72.2

_ h n - 74.1 SCHIST from -74.5 to 76.9 m, fine grained, laminated, 75 142.8 biotite with chlorite 76.9- \ BOTTOM of WELL at 76.9 m

70 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire WELL NAME: CO9

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. ATTRIBUTES

217.85 SOIL from 1.1 to 1.7 m, - 0.6 m wide

BOULDER from 1.7 to 1.8 m, ~ 0.4 m wide Q O L^T o) ^ O t ,c SAND from 1.8 m to 4.4 m, brown, fine to medium grain, w UJ Q^ o| ~ 2.6 m wide 0 9*0 o C/) O o CC BEDROCK at 4.4 m to 7.16 m, cuttings of gray schist UJ UJ R cc Q_ 212.9- Q D g| 0 or O £ o UJ C/D BOTTOM of CASING at 7.16 m Q_ Q_ LJJ UJ Q < Q o SCHIST from 7.2 to 7.8 m, biotite, quartz, feldspar, and trace garnet, some oxidation, laminated schist, with moderately h n mf2 7.8 h m mf2,a,o 7.9 to steeply dipping foliation, ~ 0.6 m wide h w a.j.e.o 8.0 GRANITE DIKE from 7.8 to 8.8 m, biotite muscovite granite, h w mf2,a,e,o 8.1 h n mf2,xf 8.5 oxidized, dike is parallel to foliation of schist, ~ 1.0 m wide SCHIST from 8.8 m to ~ 10.1 m, dark reddish brown, fine h w xf.d 9.5 h n mf2,xf 207.9 9.9 grained, laminated, gradual lower contact, ~ 1.5 m wide SCHIST from 10.1 to 11.9 m, coarse grained to gneissic, h n xf 10.9 steeply dipping foliation, some weak banding, gradual :===. h w o,xf 11.5 upper contact, ~ 1.8 m wide

IX X UJ h n xf 12.3 X HI GRANITE from 11.9 to 13.1 m, biotite muscovite granite, x x _i h m mf3 125 ^ h w . 1 2*6 grayish, parallel to foliation, bottom contact grades to DEPTH,INMETERSBELOWTOPOFCASING UJ m m mf2 12.9 CO gneiss below, ~ 1.2 m wide UJ m/s m a 13.2 111ii GNEISS or GRANITE from 13.1 to 14.3 m, altered, h n mf4 14.5 co-±i\jro-«. oen01 %< 202.9- gneissic, grades to schist below, ~ 1.2 m wide co APLITE or highly altered zone at 13.4 m, fine-grained cr UJ texture, felsic, altered, ~ 10 cm wide tu SCHIST from 14.3 to 29.7 m, fine to coarse grained texture, 2 some felsic zones, some biotite-rich zones, some weak UJ 0 banding, steeply dipping foliation, ~ 15.4 m wide t- h n xf 18.1 FELSIC ZONE in schist from 16.6 to 17.7 m, (not shown), - 1.1 m wide < h m mf3,xf 19.4 SCHIST from 17.7 to 19.8 m, brownish red, fine grained, laminated, ~ 2.1 m wide

h n xf 20.8 SCHIST from 19.8 to 20.4 m, grades from fine grained to gneissic texture, ~ 0.6 m wide SCHIST from 20.4 to 25.3 m, gneissic schist with some banding, biotite rich, ~ 4.9 m wide

FELSIC ZONE in schist from 21.6 to 22.2 m (not shown), - 0.6 m wide h n xf 24.5 192.9

SCHIST from 27.1 to 29.7 m, coarse grained schist, weakly foliated, equigranular texture, ~ 2.6 m wide

- - P 28.6 GRANITE from 29.7 m to 30.4 m, biotite-muscovite, coarse grained texture ~ 0.7 m wide X X 187.9- SCHIST from 30.4 to 30.9 m, - 0.5 m wide

APPENDIX 71 CO9 Continued

LITHOLOGY FRACTURES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. ATTRIBUTES DC AC DCS DMP

-TV SCHIST continued to 30.9 m X X MIGMATITE from 30.9 to 34.2 m, ~ 4.3 m wide x/x FELSIC ZONE in migmatite from 30.9 to 32.8 m, felsic rich X Xf X migmatite, ~ 1.9 m wide

*5T x MIGMATITE from 32.8 to 34.2 m, biotite-rich, swirls of z&* foliated biotite in felsic matrix, foliation is vertical, gradual contacts, ~ 1.4 m wide 35 182.9 - SCHIST from 34.2 to 43.6 m, dusky brown, fine to medium grained texture, ~ 9.4 m wide

SCHIST from 37.7 to 39.0 m, felsic-rich schist, ~ 1.3 m wide

SCHIST from 39.0 to 41.8 m, dusky brown, biotite-rich schist, fine grained texture, ~ 2.8 m wide 40 177.9- h m xf 40.1 h w xf,e,y 40.3 SCHIST from 41.8 to 42.8 m, fine to medium grained schist,

laminated, with some banding, ~ 1.0 m wide h n xf 41.5 *~ (fracture at 40.3 m yielding during drilling) _ i SCHIST from 42.8 m to 43.0 m altered, equigranular, felsic _i I UJ zone in schist, ~ 0.2 m wide CO > i !fi GRANITE from 43.6 to 47.0 m, biotite granite, with biotite o TT X u. ~ UJ schlieren, ~ 3.4 m wide 0 X X CO 0. * * "^ Ul > 172.9- ^-^ P 45 X s n s,a 45.1 5 * *" m g i32 CO UJ X a: CO X X UJ _ h n mf2,d 46.5 CO _ X \Z QC UJ \ ,-V1^ 2 1- \ ^J, PEGMATITE from 47.0 to 48.9 m, muscovite, quartz, V^\ z UJ UJ* feldspar microcline and apatite gradual lower contact with 2 \ \ z -V^ Q schist, ~ 1.9 m wide V^\ APLITE VEIN at 48.3 m, ~ 10 cm wide t 1J UJ SCHIST from 48.9 to 70.4 m, dark reddish brown, with Q _ 167.9 - some graphitic minerals, gneissic texture, steeply dipping foliation, some augens, ~ 21.5 m wide

^ s n pf 52.8 &f* IX X __ r^y APLITE or GRANITE DIKE from 53.3 to 53.7 m, cross cuts foliation of schist, ~ 0.4 m wide 55- 162.9-

FELSIC VEIN at 56.7 m, cross-cuts foliation of schist, 1 ~ 10 cm wide

PEGMATITE at 60.0 m, muscovite and feldspar, crosses 60 ^5 i^^ 157.9- foliation of schist, ~ 20 cm wide 1 FELSIC VEIN at 60.7 m, cross-cuts foliation of schist, 1 ~ 2 cm wide 72 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire CO9 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. 50.95_____ 158.9_____ DC AC DCS DMP === m n mf2,j 61.2 SCHIST continued to 70.4 m

FELSIC VEIN at 62.4 m, cross-cuts foliation of schist, - 2 cm wide FELSIC VEIN at 63.2 m, cross-cuts foliation of schist, ~ 25 cm wide

§ 65- _, 152.9 - s n s 65.11 UJ vy FELSIC VEIN at 65.9 m, parallel to foliation of schist, _i o ~ 5 cm wide u, ! < w UJ O CO FELSIC VEIN at 66.3 m, parallel to foliation of schist, § Ul g : 1 ~ 5 cm wide 1 : CO FELSIC ZONE from 68.3 to 68.5 m, altered, ~ 20 cm wide UJ i QC 00 _ Ul

UJ i fc 70- ^147.9- PEGMATITE from 70.4 to 71.7 m, ~ 1.3 m wide uf z Q SCHIST from 71.7 to 76.5 m, ~ 4.2 m wide

\Y^ | f - -J Q_ ^^ffCs PEGMATITE on one side of the well from 71.8 to 72.1 m, tu ^ Q ~ 0.3 m wide vrT-^r X X GRANITE from 72.5 to 73.2 m, ~ 0.7 m wide -*fr - SCHIST from 73.2 to 76.4 m, gneissic texture, - 3.2 m wide

142.9 APLITE or FELSIC ZONE in schist from 76.4 m to bottom of ">~1 hole BOTTOM of HOLE at 76.5 m

APPENDIX 73 WELL NAME: CO10

FRAPTIIRF LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

215.78

0

PERTURECODE(AC EPTHTOMIDPOINT( ESCRIPTORS(DSC) belowcasingoftop

O

HI BEDROCK SURFACE at 6.4 m 210.8- Q 0 O Q_ Q Q Q

10 205.6 BOTTOM of CASING at 10.1 m GRANITE from 10.1 to 13.4 m, coarse grained, biotite- muscovite granite with some biotite schlieren, ~ 3.3 m wide h m d,mf2 11.9

SCHIST from 13.4 to 16.4 m, coarse-grained, coppery-brown, biotite layers and quartzo-felspathic layers, steeply dipping, ~ 3.0 m wide 200.8

GRANITE from 16.4 to 19.3 m, ~ 2.9 m wide

SCHIST from 19.3 to 31.7 m, quartz-rich schist, fine grained to 20 195.8- gneissic, steeply dipping ~ 12.4 m wide

FELSIC ZONE IN SCHIST, 21.0 m to 22.5 m, - 1.5 m wide h w j,xf 21.6

h n s 23.9 PEGMATITE VEIN at 25.5 m, biotite-muscovite, parallel to 25 190.8- foliaiton of schist, 1-3 cm wide

FELSIC BAND at 27.4 m, cross-cuts foliation of schist, ~ 1-2 cm wide

FELSIC BAND at 29.6 m, cross-cuts foliation of schist, ~ 1-2 cm wide 30 185.8-

74 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire CO10 Continued

LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRJBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

DC AC DCS DMP 30.47- 185.31 SCHIST continued to 31.4 m GRANITE from 31.4 to 31.7 m, medium to coarse grained, cross cuts foliation of schist, ~ 0.3 m wide SCHIST from 31.7 to 33.4 m, coarse-grained, ~ 1.7 m wide

PEGMATITE from 33.4 to 35.2 m, ~ 1.8 m wide MIGMATITE from 34.8 to 40.1 m, coarse grained with some gneissic and migmatitic zones, ~ 5.3 m wide 35 180.8 -

m n 0 35.9

FELSIC BAND at 36.4 m, ~ 1 cm wide

40 175.8- GRANITE from 40.1 to 43.5 m, medium to coarse-grained h n a,o 41.0 granite and migmatitic zones, - 3.4 m wide

h . . 41.8 PEGMATITE from 42.4 to 42.9 m, ~ 0.5 m wide m w e,j,o,a,y 42.1

MIGMATITE from 43.5 to 52.2 m, near vertical foliation, gneissic textured, biotite-rich with some fine grained S 170.8- foliated layers with swirled fabric, ~ 8.7 m wide 45 co GRANITE DIKE from 45.4 to 45.6 m, fine grained, cross­ cuts foliation of schist, ~ 20 cm wide

X4t X -iX X 50 Ji 165.8- x/* GRANITE from 52.2 to 54.2 m, coarse grained from 52.2 to 53.0 m and fine-grained from 53.0 to 54.2 m, cross-cuts foliation of migmatite, ~ 2.0 m wide FELSIC BAND at 52.6 m, - 2 cm wide MIGMATITE from 54.2 to ~ 57.5 m, coarse-grained quartz, h n - 55 160.8 55.1 felspathic layers and fine-grained biotite layers, gradational contact with schist below, - 3.3 m wide APLITE VEIN at 54.3 m, ~ 5 cm wide

SCHIST from 57.5 to 77.1 m, steeply dipping foliation, fine­ grained biotite-rich layers and coarse-grained quartzwith felspathic layers, grades to a fine-grained, laminated schist, ~ 1.3 m wide 60 ii 155.8- APPENDIX 75 CO10 Continued

FRACTURE ATTRIBUTES LITHOLOGY FRACTURES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. DC AC DCS DMP SCHIST continued to 77.1 m, fine grained, laminated, near vertical foliation

111, rH,INMETERSBELOWTOPOFCASING fUDE,INMETERSABOVESEALEVEL

CT> O1 01 1 0 r

51 m X x b Q * GRANITE from 68.6 to 69.0 m, cross-cuts foliation of schist, gb ~ 0.4 m wide 70 _ 145.8- FELSIC BAND (extending from 70.9 to 71.1 m) at 71.0 m

X X x m w d 71.5 GRANITE DIKE from 71.2 to 71.6 m, cross-cuts foliation of schist, 0.4 m wide

-

__

75 140.8

BOTTOM of WELL at 77.1 m 77.1 - I

76 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire DEPTH, IN METERS BELOW TOP OF CASING m

Ill, Illllll, 1,1, 1,1,1, 1,1, 1.1,1 i L i 1 i | i ,1,1,1 , I , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , ! , 1 , | x/x x/x, WX X X X O ^xx%^SSS^S^SSSS^§S^lxxx xx/xx*x*xx/xxx x A x W / / X X X X ^^^H X x xJY ' x x x x =^^^B 8 m O ALTITUDE, IN METERS ABOVE SEA LEVEL M _. JO N) l\3 N3 O ro Ol 8 P g '-gO 01 0 '-si ~n k 3J 1 ^

H 31 ^ H C JO m CO 3 3- DIP CODE (DC) 3 3 APERTURE CODE (AC) 3| P x 5. ~" DESCRIPTORS (DSC) roH HID M 10 CO CO DEPTH TO MIDPOINT (DMP) mm i». CO below top of casing CO o 05 O CO CO _, jjj Q 3D 0 3) O S ^->>,> <> ±~0 , O TJ _* CD QJ O "0(0 3" O JP co 5 ® z ~o ~o s. "D ® (/> m ID rn o> ^. m m m CD o > 3. 13 ^ 3 =i3 H ^ 0 ~. o < o < ? V 3 =! * m =T, m < m o TI w =r co ' a ' q m o m 3 I.- K% H -^ H ' 52 .iS a* 535 3 5 g m 9-SrnPC) ?! =f 3 o » lies CO 3 § CD 0 _» > P9 * 3 g a 01 «o » I w *> 5* £ w 1 o> *> jE 3 3 w C/) 3 5 - -* w z O 3 o b> | o $ 0 l^l'o m «i 3 O ! E £ ^ S £ g 8 S * 1 1| en o" ® * * * o "is! 5o 5SSo S - a ^ CO ji. W 3 00 co i <° £ 01 CD P o Sjg-, g', 5 ^ w * !° N3 0 - S3 < > O> 3 P 3 o sN' ^ CO O ^ O" o W OOPcD - - g s *" ~i ^ o> CT CT J 3 3 £t CD 83? s- 1 S 1 3 « a l-^ & S 3 o « Q. 2. o' o 5" rsJD^O 5 o'CO CD' CD00 < CQr* 3 ^°- ® § O3 J 3 to . Tjf -' 3. o & 'S tZ ® ro CD Q. w _. o CQ (j> >< S. 0> o it ^ f3 c^ CT (Q 0) 3. 3 5' $ 03 5 Q, 3- §. s ^ I s -, ' Q, 3 CT | CQ CD 0 rCD i2 titB) Co' i*c" i-O i i Q. 0) Q. CO CD ° § 8 °; o « ~ ° 15 S CD 0) O 2. 3- » CQ JQ O n »' CD CO tr> co f m 3 -» 3 t^ < S- CD *", 0 T3 *: CD Q> 3 O. s: 0 o" CD 2T. ® w 55' 3 ^ 55' 0 5T w , g co CD P S" CD CO -^ ' ± 0 Q. ^1 82. CD 3 Q. P CD "' S s o o> =; c'Q. Q. 3 * c' 3 Q CD § 3 3 C011 Continued

LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

.__ DC AC DCS DMP x X X ~ = GRANITE continued to 43.5 m X h w mf2,xf 30.9 X X - - a,o 31.0 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 35- X X X 190.7 - X X X PEGMATITE VEIN at 36.6 m, ~ 4 cm wide X _ ==X =s=^X - X X ^jj£. PEGMATITE VEIN at 37.2 m, ~ 20 cm wide X X X X X X X X X X X 40 X X X 185.7- X X X _ X X X * X X X

X X X Quartz, biotite, muscovite, feldspar, quartz and beryl X - - 42.4 O _i :=-~_ P X X LU granite, from 42.7 to 45.6 m, coarse grained, ~ 2.9 m wide z - x m n o,xf,y 42.7 CO > - - 42.7 ^ UJ P,b <^>- _l k . 9 w < m w 0 43.6 SCHIST from 43.5 to 53.3 m, felsic rich, with biotite, muscovite and graphite and trace chlorite, gneissic, weakly foliated, 01.&. o01 Sg ^ i steeply dipping, coarse grained, some augens, ~ 9.8 m DEPTH,INMETERSBELOWTOPOF ALTITUDE,INMETERSABOVESE _^ wide

1I_J1L_LL'±J1L

FELSIC BAND at 51.8 m, ~ 5 cm wide

GRANITE from 53.3 to 56.0 m, ~ 2.7 m wide GRANITE VEIN at 53.5 m, parallel to foliation, ~ 6 cm wide

- *=*T^?? X X X X X X 55 X X x__ 170.7 APLITE VEIN at 55.3 m, ~ 25 cm wide -*- *, \X X X PEGMATITE from 56.0 to 59.4 m, massive, cross cuts the - foliation of schist, ~ 3.4 m wide

-

X X X 60 165.7 GRANITE from 59.5 to 60.2 m, ~ 0.7 m wide SCHIST from 60.2 to 70.3 m, ~ 10.1 m wide

78 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire CO11 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. 60.95 164.7S DC AC DCS DMP SCHIST continued to 70.3 m

GRANITE DIKE from 61.7 to 62.1 m, 0.4 m wide

65- * 160.7- PEGMATITE VEIN from 64.3 m to 65.5 m, -1.2 m wide

PEGMATITE VEIN at 67.2 m, ~ 20 cm wide APLITE at 67.6 m, crosses foliation, ~ 3 cm wide

70 155.7- GRANITE from 70.3 to 79.2 m, fine to medium grained, with biotite schlieren, ~ 8.9 m wide

PEGMATITE VEIN at 72.8 m, ~ 5 cm wide

X X

h n 74.5 75 150.7- h w y.a 75.7 P 75.8 PEGMATITE from 76.2 m to 76.8 m, ~ 0.6 m wide

PEGMATITE from 79.2 to 80.9 m, ~ 1.7 m wide SO" 145.7- SCHIST from 80.9 to 88.6 m, coarse grained, some augens, ~ 7.7 m wide

APLITE at 81.6 m, - 9 cm wide

FELSIC VEIN at 85.2 m, ~ 5 cm wide I 140.7-

MIGMATITE from 88.6 to 90.8 m, more granitic looking than I schistose, ~ 2.2 m wide

90 135.7- SCHIST from 90.8 to 116.0 m, felsic-rich schist, banded, locally exhibiting augens, ~ 25.2 m wide

APPENDIX 79 CO11 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. ...^ DC AC DCS DMP 1 SCHIST continued to 116.0 m PEGMATITE VEIN at 93.0 m, -20 cm wide 95 J 130.7 h n s, xf 98.5

100 - 125.7-

_ QUARTZ VEIN at 100.1 m, cross-cuts the foliation of the schist, - 2 cm wide - I

^ 105 M 0 m n 105.2 _ DE,INMETERSABOVESEALEVEL m m 105.7

_- -- m n pf 108

_ 110 J3 115.7 _ W 1 PEGMATITE at 110.0 m, -10 cm wide \ QUARTZITE at 111.4 m, grained layer, brown, -7 cm 1 /v PEGMATITE from 112.1 to 113.3 m, -1.2 m wide

115 110.7 GRANITE from 116.0 to 119 m, foliated biotite granite with X - some biotite schlieren, -3 m wide

- X y V SCHIST from -119 to 127.2 m, gradual contact with foliated X X granite above, 8.2 m wide ^ 7? 120 - 105.7 _ 1 80 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire CO11 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. 12 1Q1 -ooo DC AC DCS DMP SCHIST continued to 127.0 m SCHIST exhibits steeply dipping banding, foliated biotite- rich layers and quartzo- feldspathic layers that are ~ 10 cm wide

125-^ 100.7-

PEGMATITE from 127.0 to 128.3 m, ~ 1.3 m wide \y\i BIOTITE layer from 127.5 to 127.7 m, ~ 0.2 m wide \\ SCHIST from 128.3 to 130.7 m, ~ 2.4 m wide ^ s/.

130 95.7 - GRANITE from 130.7 to 132.9 m, narrow, irregular shape, . . IX X X ~ 1.2 m wide X X X

SCHIST from 132.9 to 134.9 m, steeply dipping foliation,

~ 2.0 m wide PEGAMATITE VEIN at 134.2 m, ~ 0.3 m wide 1,1, OFCASING COtn uJ 90.7 1X GRANITE from 134.9 to 142.9 m, with biotite schist xenoliths X UJ X X or possibly highly foliated migmatitic zones (not shown), X UJ 0. X CO ~ 8.0 m wide X UJ f ^~ X ^» X o X CO X iUJ X CO CO X cc tn UJ FELSIC BAND at 139.0, fine grained, near horizontal, DC X fc UJ X < 1 cm wide UJ ~ X X 5 140 -.85.7 z X Q i x p X 0. p UJ y _J 0 X ** X X _ X SCHIST from 142.9 to 144.4 m, ~ 1.5 m wide - X,

GRANITE from 144.4 to 152.9 m, - 8.5 m wide ^^x X X 145 X 80.7 - X X _ X X X X X X X _ X X X _ X X X "-. X X s n s 147.8 X X X _ X PEGAMTITE DIKE at 149.2 m, ~ 0.2 to 0.3 m wide _ x>r X 150 X X 75.7 X _ X X \^ s m e 50.4 X X X ~ X X X X X X

APPENDIX 81 CO11 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. - « ^^ DC AC DCS DMP ^ X X GRANITE continued to 152.9 m - PEGMATITE from 152.9 to 153.9 m, 1 m wide aX - X X X s n . 154.5 155- X X 70.7 _ GRANITE from 153.9 to 156.3 m, - 2.4 m wide X ~ X X X X X V SCHIST from 156.3 to 172.5 m, laminated biotite-rich schist, banding and augens locally, -16.2 m wide

SCHIST from 161.8 to 162.0 m, fine grained felsic with some layering in augened schist, ~ 0.2 m wide 160 - 65.7 I PEGMATITE at 161.2 to 161.5 m, -0.3 m wide

PEGMATITE VEIN at 164.5 m, -10 cm wide i 165- _. 60.7 I Ul W _ *,^rJ > Ul 0 _ or - GRANITE DIKE at 166.5 m, -20 cm wide

METERSBELOWTOPOF IIIi METERSABOVEINSEA,

GRANITE DIKE at 170.3 m, -20 cm wide

Ol Ol ^g i x J< tf? §UI ~ I GRANITE from 172.5 to 174.6 m, medium grained, biotite- b Ul I < Q muscovite, ~ 1.5 m wide m n 71.6

X X " IX X X

X X X ~ X X X

175 50.7

SCHIST from 174.6 m to 183.3, biotite-rich augen schist, -8.7 m wide

180 45.7

BOTTOM OF WELL AT 183.8 m

82 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire WELL NAME: FS1

LITHOLOGY FRACTURES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. ATTRIBUTES 0 ^M 261.88 Q. SAND from 0.61 to 2.1 m 0 O TILL from 2.1 to 14.0 m, ~ 11.9 m wide O b? CO = w UJ Q Q X"""! C go TILL from 2.1 to 8.2 m, gray-tan, silty, ~ 6.1 m wide PERTURECO N^^. ESCRIPTORS ^ o UJ 256.9- Q C IIJ«» Q) ^ ^3 Q_ UJ Q Q Q

TILL from 8.2 to 14.0 m, gray, silty, ~ 10.3 m wide 10 251 .<

UJ BEDROCK SURFACE at 14.0 m o < 246.9-

1 z BOTTOM OF CASING at 16.46 m uj* m n 17.1 SCHIST from 16.5 to 34.0 m, biotite-garnet schist with small Q 13 h m - 17.7 amounts of feldspar and quartz and trace pyrite, schist with some calc-silicate lenses, medium grained, moderately to s n - 18.5 steeply dipping, - 17.5 m wide m n _ 19.5 FELSIC VEIN at 18.1 m 20 241.9- m w o,pf 19.8 FELSIC VEIN at 18.7m GRANITE DIKE or felsic zone in schist from 20.2 to 20.4 m, h n 21.6 h n 21.6 ~ 0.2 m wide GRANITE DIKE from 21.2 to 21.5 m, - 0.3 m wide

h n mf2 23.8

236.9 h m - 25.0

h m - 26.5

h n ,d 29.2 SCHIST from 29.0 to 34.0 m, sulfitic-biotite schist, fine­ 30 - 231.9- grained foliated biotites and some medium to coarse grained felsic portions, ~ 5.0 m wide

APPENDIX 83 FS1 Continued FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

DC AC DCS DMP 30.47- 231.41 SCHIST continued to 34.0 m

m n - 33.2 FELSIC ZONE in SCHIST or Migmatite from 34.0 to 35.5 m, 1 coarse grained, ~ 1.5 m wide "-/r 35 226.9- SCHIST from 35.5 to 80.2 m, ~ 44.7 m wide SCHIST from 35.5 to 49.4 m, biotite-sillimanite schist, fine s n e,a,d,pf 36.0 grained, ~ 13.9 m wide

h n xf< 37.5 h w xf.e 33.2

m w mf3,e 38.7 m n d 39.5 -^ o \.9-

SCHIST from 41.1 to 45.7 m, greenish schist, with chlorite, fine grained, mottled appearance, ~ 4.6 m wide m n xf 42.1 m n xf o 42.4

\ s m e,a 43.4 o u. o - Q. ERSABOVES - p,mf2 44.7 e 45 !2 0) f FELSIC ZONE in SCHIST from 45.4 to 45.7 m, ~ 0.3 m g h m UJ xf 46.0 wide CD (0 cc UJ UJs. z :| FELSIC VEIN at 48.5 m, ~ 15 to 20 m wide h n xf SCHIST from 49.4 to 50.6 m, extremely fine grained, h n xf 49> 211.9 h n xf 50.0 possibly altered, ~ 1.2 m wide SCHIST from 50.6 to 80.2 m, fine to medium grained schist, biotite schist with some phlogopite and trace garnet, and weakly felsic layers, ~ 29.6 m wide

I P.xf 53.3

55 I 206.9 i I 60 1 201.9

84 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire FS1 Continued FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

DC AC DCS DMP V» \S.\XW " _ _. SCHIST continued to 80.2 m SCHIST felsic-rich from 61.0 to 65.5 m, ~ 4.5 m

65 196.9- SCHIST from 66.2 to 69.0 m, coarse grained, biotite, muscovite, and phlogopite, with trace garnet, weakly banded, ~ 2.8 m wide

BASALT DIKE from 69.0 to 69.7 m, grayish-brownish black, 70 E55 191.9 aphanitic, parallel to foliation, ~ 0.7 m wide

h w d' 71.0 n 71.4 h PEGMATITE DIKE from 70.9 to 71.7 m, quartz, potassium 1i feldspar, gradational lower contact, 0.8 m wide

CASING' UJ P.e 73.7 o 75 uj 186.9- FELSIC ZONE or PEGMATITE in schist at 74.7 to 75.2 m, METERSBELOWTOPI E,INMETERSABOVES ~ 0.5 m wide 1i

z i Q tx- 8o-yy|~^\\ bH 181 -9- GRANITE from 79.4 to 80.2 m, ~ 0.8 m wide Q ~^H < BASALT DIKE from 80.2 to 81.2 m, grayish black, aphanitic, parallel to foliation in schist below, ~ 1.0 m wide

s m pf 1 ^ 82.6 SCHIST from 81.2 to 85.2 m, ~ 4.0 m wide :

__ SCHIST from 84.2 to 86.2 m, coarse grained texture to 85 176.9- h n 85.0 h w e,a 85.5 gneissic, biotite-rich and felsic sections, partially melted, altered, ~ 2.0 m wide . m n 86.7 (fracture at 86.7 m is located along contact) X n - 86.7 1X X h X _ X X ^\. GRANITE from 86.2 to 105.1 m, muscovite-biotite granite, X s n . 87.8 X X "~-\ brownish-grayish white, medium to coarse grained _ X s n - 88.3 X X ^^~- leucocratic granite, ~ 18.9 m wide X s n 88.6 X X -" X X X 90 ~ X 1711 / 1 . JQ X X m w mf3,a,d,o 90.3 X ^ X X h m 0 90.6 ___ X ^ m mf2,b 90.6

APPENDIX 85 FS1 Continued FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

M >,o x ., ^ DC AC DCS DMP X X GRANITE continued to 105.1 m X X X - X X X X ^^^^~"" -» w o,a,mf2,b X X m 93.3 X _ x x ^^^^ s n - 94.0 X - X X X 95 ^_ x x 166.9 ^ - . P 95.1 - X ^^^^ X X ^^ s w o,a 95.5 X x x X ^^ X X s m o,a,d 96.5 ^L -., PEGMATITE from 96.9 to 97.2 m, ~ 0.3 m wide _ X s n s 97.2 X X X x x ~ X X X GRANITE from 99.0 to 102.0 m, light greenish gray, X _ x x muscovite-chlorite, some foliation, altered, ~ 3.0 m wide X 100 ^ X X 161.9- X ^ _ x x N. s w a 100.6 X X. X X X X X X X X - x x m n . 102.6 X X X m n s 103.5 _ X X X 0 _J Z x x UJ X 2 X X UJ PEGMATITE from 105.1 to 106.1 m, feldspar, quartz and trace o 105 ^ B M J 156.9- u. - Ul sulfide minerals, - 1.0 m wide 0 *^*v^ \-~ w 106.0 0. UJ m GRANITE from 106.1 to 137.2 m, light greenish gray, X e "~ X X 106.6 muscovite-chlorite, some foliation, altered, -31.1 m wide X m n s? X X 1*£ n - X h 107.3 I ~ UJ x x CC ^^^ h m mf2,o,b 107.4 CQ X UJ h m mf3,o,d 107.9 X X UJ ~ CC - X h n mf2,d,a 108.1 UJ s. x x h n a,d 108.6 UJ X z 2 X X " m n mf3,a,s 109.1 ____ X of s Z x x 0 w a,d,o 109.5 110 X J5 151.9- I m w mf2,a,d,b 110.3 ~ X tUJ x x o X 5 X X ;== h n mf2 111.5 PEGMATITE from 112.0 to 112.2 m, feldspar, quartz and : J* *- s n s 112.1 trace sulfide minerals, ~ 20 cm wide V-y- ' h n - 112.2 ~ X X X ~" X X h n d 112.9 X - h n mf2,d 112.9 ~ X X X w a,o X X h 114.0 GRANITE from 115.0 to 137.2 m, gray, biotite-muscovite _ X X X granite, fine grained, gradual contact with granite above, 115 X 146.9- X X ~ 22.2 m wide "" X h n d 115.5 X X X X X X X X ^~ X X X X X X X X X h n - 118.6 X - APLITE at 119.2 m, ~ 5 cm wide X X X 120 X X 141.9- X X X X x x X X X

86 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire FS1 Continued FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. DC AC DCS DMP 1 x X X GRANITE continued to 137.2 m X ^^^»^^^^ X X s n s 122.8 X X X X X X _ m n - 123.9 X X X : n 124.6 X h mf3 125 X X 136.9 ~ X X X O X X X _J - X UJ c/5 X X X o X X _J u. h n 127.1 o X X X 55 _, m n 0. w 127.7 X X m n fz.mfS.b 128.0 e _ x > X X O X «d! 1 X X X lETERSBE 130 X X UJ131.9- - X ==: h mf2 130.1 X X UJ X 2 X X ""*Z 2: X Z X X of X O I X X ~ X g t X X UJ X O X X 1 _ X X X ~ --^. X m n s? 133.9 ~ X X X 135 X X X _ X X ~ X X X ~ X X X X m n d.s 134.3 BOTTOM of WELL at 137.2 m

APPENDIX 87 WELL NAME: FS2

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

255.71 Q_ 2 SAND from 0.67 to 7.3 m, ~ 6.6 m wide O ^ O t ,c

APERTURECODE( DESCRIPTORS(DS DEPTHTOMIDPOir belowoftoocas O

LU 250.7- Q O O Q. Q BEDROCK SURFACE at 7.4 m

BOTTOM OF CASING at 9.75 m 10 - 245.7- GRANITE from 9.8 to 18.4 m, muscovite-biotite granite, with m w 11.1 some chlorite, and trace amounts of garnet, some m m - 11.2 m m 11.7 oxidation, - 8.6 m wide

s n - 12.5

s n s 13.6

15 - 240.7- m n - 15.0

m n 16.2

PEGMATITE and APLITE from 18.4 to 22.8 m, alternating bands of pegmatite and fine grained felsic aplite or granite, with gradual contacts, ~ 4.4 m wide PEGMATITE DIKE from 18.4 to 20.1 m, light greenish gray, feldspar, quartz, muscovite, and trace garnet, - 1.7 m 20 235.7- wide APLITE or GRANITE from 20.1 to 22.8 m, muscovite-rich, fine grained texture, ~ 2.7 m wide s m 21.3 PEGMATITE from 20.4 to 21.3 m, ~ 0.9 m wide PEGMATITE at 21.7 m, - 5 cm wide PEGMATITE at 22.2 m, ~ 10 cm wide PEGMATITE at 22.7 m, ~ 15 to 20 cm wide GRANITE from 22.8 to 27.4 m, yellowish gray, biotite- muscovite granite, ~ 4.6 m wide 25 230.7-

SCHIST XENOLITH from 26.5 to 27.0 m, - 0.5 m wide BIOTITE SCHLIEREN at 27.6 m MIGMATITE or GNEISS from 27.4 to 29.5 m, felsic-rich gneissic texture with some foliation, ~ 2.1 m wide PEGMATITE at 28.2 m, ~ 15 cm wide SCHIST XENOLITH from 28.6 to 29.2 m, ~ 0.6 m wide GRANITE from 29.2 to 45.0 m, yellowish gray, muscovite- biotite granite ~ 15.8 m wide 30 225.7 PEGMATITE VEIN from 30.2 to 30.5 m, - 5 cm wide

88 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire FS2 Continued

FRAPTI IRP LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

DC AC DCS DMP 30.47- GRANITE continued to 45.0 m APLITE VEIN at 31.2 m, ~ 10 cm wide SCHIST XENOLITH from 31.6 to 32.3 m, - 0.7 m wide . . P 32.1

P 33.2

35- 220.7- m n - 35.7 SCHIST XENOLITH from 35A to 36.2 m, ~ 0.8 m wide PEGMATITE VEIN at 35.6 m, - 10 cm wide s n s 36.6 SCHIST XENOLITH from 36.7 to 37.4 m, - 0.7 m wide

m n mf2 39.0

40 215.7- PEGMATITE VEIN at 40.2, ~ 2 cm wide

SCHIST from 41.6 to 42.1 m on one side of well, biotite schist, moderately foliated, steeply dipping, - Q.5 m wide PEGMATITE DIKE from 42.4 to 42.9 m, - Q.5 m wide GRANITE from 42.9 to 45.0 m, ~ 2.1 m wide m w fz,e,a,j 44.0 m w fz,e,a,j 44.7 210.7- GNEISS from 45.0 to 47.8 m, gray, biotite-rich, coarse grained, weakly to moderately foliated, ~ 2.8 m wide APLITE at 45.2 m, - 20 cm wide

GRANITE from 47.5 to 48.1 m, ~ 0.6 m wide m n . 47.8 SCHIST from 48.1 to 5B.5 m, fine to gneissic texture, weak h w d 48.8 banding, -11.3 m wide m n pf 49.2 49.4 01 m w e.d.a 49.6 ro o

m m d,pf,mf2 51.4 m m xf 51.4 GRANITE VEIN from 5^ .5 to 51.7 m, ~ 20 cm wide GRANITE DIKE from 52.3 to 52.6 m, ~ 0.3 m wide SCHIST from 52.6 to 54.9 m, mixed, equigranular felsic and mafic foliated zones, possibly migmatite, gneissic texture, ~ 2.3 m wide APLITE VEIN from 54.9 to 54.1 m, ~ 20 cm wide h w e,o,a 54.8 201 .7 h w e,o,a,d 55.0 GRANITE VEIN at 55.8 m, ~ 15 to 20 cm wide m n pf.d 55.8 GRANITE DIKE from 56.7 to 57.4 m, ~ 0.7 m wide m n mf2 56.7

h w fz,e,j,a 57.7 SCHIST from 57.4 to 59.5 m, banded, ~ 2.1 m wide

m w d,pf 58.8 h w d,e,j 59.0 h w d,e 59.7 GRANITE from 59.5 to 79.5 m, muscovite-biotite granite, weak 196.7- foliation, ~ 20.0 m wide

APPENDIX 89 FS2 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. 60.95 DC AC DCS DMP l3t./D GRANITE continued to 73.5 m X X X - Biotite schlieren at 61.3 m X h w e,a 61.8 h n 62.4 X X X X X X X X X X X X X 65 X X 191.7- X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X s n s 68.1 X X X X X X X X X 70 X X 186.7- X X X X X X X X X BASALT from 72.1 to 72.6 m, on one side of well, irregular shape, ~ 0.5 m wide ^ BASALT from 73.5 to 74.6 m, altered, possibly oxidized, UJ (some microcracks in basalt, which are possibly thermal ^ § jointing, were not counted as fractures), ~ 1.1 m wide 75' x * x uj 181.7- GRANITE from 74.6 to 79.5 m, ~ 4.9 m wide w ~- m n X X d 75.3 UJ GRANITE from 74.6 to 75.5 m, altered, decomposed s n s 75.6 X X looking, and foliated, gradational contact with granite X 1CO ^ below, ~ 0.9 m wide (n X X cc BIOTITE SCHLIEREN at 76.8 m X LU X X UJ 5^£ 5 PEGMATITE DIKE from 78.0 to 78.3 m, ~ 0.3 m wide Z SCHIST from 79.5 to 94.8 m, biotite-rich, some weak banding, LU Q - 15.3 m wide 80 %i ^ 176.7-

85 ^ 171.7

FELSIC ZONE in schist from 87.8 to 91.1 m, felsic, coarse grained, (not shown), ~ 3.3 m wide

166.7 90 SCHIST from 91.1 to 95.0 m, biotite schist with augens, V ~ 3.9 m wide

90 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire FS2 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. DC AC DCS DMP 91.43^^^. 164.28 SCHIST continued to 94.8 m

161.7- MIGMATITE from 95.0 to 106.7 m, coarse-grained to pegmatitic texture, with some swirling foliation, gradual contacts, - 11.7 m wide

BASALT on one side of well from 97.8 to 99.1 m, ~ 1.3 m wide BASALT from 99.3 to 99.6 m, ~ 0.3 m wide 100 156.7- BASALT on one side of well from 99.6 to 103.4 m, ~ 3.8 m wide

LU LU 105 -> 151.7 | PEGMATITE from 104.8 to 105.1 m, ~ 0.3 m wide ft OT PEGMATITE from 105.8 to 106.7 m, ~ 0.9 m wide sLU GRANITE from 106.7 to 107.7 m, - 1.0 m wide

m m mf2, d 108.2 BASALT from 107.7 to 109.0 m, dark gray, with highly reflective calcite(?), ~ 1.4 m wide GRANITE or APLITE from 109.0 to 109.2 m, ~ 20 cm wide SCHIST from 109.2 to 116.2 m, with quartzite layers, with 110 - 146.7- some irregular shaped, swirling felsic bands, ~ 7.0 m

FELSIC ZONE IN SCHIST from 112.2 to 113.4 m, (not shown) ~ 1.2 m wide PEGMATITE at 112.8, ~ 20 cm wide

141.7 115 - APLITE DIKE from 115.2 to 115.4 m, ~ 20 cm wide

GRANITE from 116.2 to 120.0 m, leucocratic granite, ~ 3.8 m wide PEGMATITE from 116.4 to 116.7 m, ~ 0.3 m wide

PEGMATITE from 118.6 to 118.9 m, gradual contacts, h n 118.1 ~ 0.3 m wide

120 136.7- PEGMATITE at 119.9 m, ~ 20 cm wide, MIGMATITE from 120.0 to 122.4 m, ~ 2.4 m wide

APPENDIX 91 FS2 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

1^1.^ 1 DC AC DCS DMP ioo.ou MIGMATITE continued to 122.4 m iI SCHIST from 122.4 to 138.5 m, ~ 16.1 m wide ^^^" APLITE VEIN at 123.9 m, ~ 15 cm wide

125 131.7- SCHIST from 125.5 to 127.0 m, gneissic, felsic-rich schist, ~ 1.5 m wide _ SCHIST from 127.0 to 132.5 m, fine to coarse grained texture, with some banding, ~ 5.5 m wide ^7? APLITE VEIN at 127.7 m, crosses the foliation of the schist,

~ ~ 10cm wide

130 126.7-

GRANITE DIKE from 132.6 to 132.8 m, biotite-muscovite granite, ~ 20 to 25 cm wide SCHIST from 132.5 to 134.5 m, felsic-rich zone, coarse 111 grained texture, ~ 2.0 m wide

CO Ol OWTOPOFCASING uj 121.7 Ul

UJ CO Ul GRANITE VEIN at 137.8 m, ~ 15 to 20 cm wide O CO _i r^y ^ Ul v£* CO MIGMATITE from 138.5 to 140.5 m, mixed fine grained foliated CD - ^Tf oc CO Ul zones and coarse grained felsic zones, gradual contacts cc fc Ul fJ 2 with schist above and below, ~ 2.0 m wide ID xf 5 140 Vj* ,~r 116-7- z ALTITUDE SCHIST from 140.5 to 152.4 m, fine to coarse grained texture, i _ with some quartzo-feldspathic banding that are ui - 15 to 20 cm wide, ~ 11.9 m wide Q _ FELSIC ZONE in schist at 142.7 m, ~ 20 cm wide s££ I FELSIC ZONE in schist at 143.6 m, ~ 15 to 20 cm wide

145 % 111.7- % FELSIC ZONE in schist at 144.6 m, ~ 15 to 20 cm wide

- V FELSIC ZONE in schist at 145.6 m, ~ 10 cm wide X GRANITE or FELSIC ZONE in schist from 147.0 to 147.5 m, ~ 0.5 m wide

150 106.7

15239 _ 103.32 BOTTOM of WELL at 152.4 m

92 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire WELL NAME: FS3

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. 274.45- OL SAND from 0.6 to 9.4 m, brown to tan, medium to coarse 0 sand, gravel and some boulders and some silt, ~ 8.8 m O r~r oj ^ 0 t _c wide CO LU Q £ 68 o O CO Q 0 O rr TOEPTHfv^ Q belowtoi 111 PERTURE ESCRIPTO o 269.5- o o Q_ Q Q Q

TILL from 9.1 m to 9.4 m, gray, ~ 0.3 m wide BEDROCK SURFACE at 9.4 m 10 264.J

&% > IH h m p,o 12.3 BOTTOM OF CASING at 12.0 m LU SCHIST from 12.0 to 68.0 m, - 56.0 m wide # _l LU SCHIST from 12.0 to 30.8 m, reddish brown, biotite-rich W CO h w fz,o,a 13.7 \&v~^^ LU with some garnets, medium to coarse grained, oxidized, &> > O with some felsic zones, ~ 18.8 m wide 15 < 259.5- GRANITE or APLITE DIKE at 12.7 m, - 5 cm wide co tr h n 0 15.5 APLITE DIKE at 13.3 m, - 5 cm wide LU % fc APLITE DIKE at 14.0 m, ~ 10 to 15 cm wide 2 h m 0 17.1 LU Q SCHIST from 17.4 to 18.3 m, felsic rich zone in schist, i 1- b gradual upper and lower contacts, ~ 0.9 m wide, (not < shown) SCHIST from 18.3 to 19.4 m, biotite-rich, coarse-grained 20 254.5- felsic zones and fine-grained foliated biotites, ~ 1.1 m wide ^ m n 0 20.3 ^ m m o, j, mf2 21.0 SCHIST from 21.0 to 22.8 m, felsic zone, gradual contact above and below, ~ 1.8 m wide h n mf2 22.2 SCHIST from 22.8 to 27.5 m, coarse grained, biotite-rich, steeply dipping, strong foliation, some weak banding, ~ 4.7 m wide

m n 0 24.8 25 249.5- -

Coticule layers in schist at 26.5 m and at 27.1 m, fine grained quartz and garnet (not shown) s n o,mf2 27.9 FELSIC BAND at 28.8 m, medium to coarse grain, ~ 10 cm wide SCHIST from 27.5 to 30.8 m, greenish, oxidized brown, h m 0 29.3 extremely fine grained, ~ 3.3 m wide 30 244.5- FELSIC BAND at 28.8 m, coarse grain, - 15 cm wide i h w o,fz,e 30.4

APPENDIX 93 FS3 Continued FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

30 17 0,0.0 DC AC DCS DMP : : "=^ SCHIST continued to 68.0 m h w fz,o,e 30.9 SCHIST from 30.8 to 31.5 m, banded, alternating bands of % extremely fine grained foliated biotites and coarse-grained %> felsic minerals, ~ 0.7 m wide h n o,mf2 33.2 SCHIST from 31.5 to 32.3 m, extremely fine grained, ~ 0.8 m wide h n o,mf2 34.3 FELSIC VEIN at 32.5 m, white, coarse grained, ~ 15 cm - i ^ - -5 m m 0 34.6 wide 35- 239.5- GRANITE or APLITE DIKE from 34.5 to 34.9 m, grayish white, fine grained texture, ~ 0.4 m wide P 36.3

SCHIST from 37.5 to 45.7 m, gneissic to coarse grained h n d,a,j 37.8 texture, muscovite-biotite and feldspar, weakly foliated, with some felsic-rich zones, ~ 8.2 m wide _ cs FELSIC ZONES in SCHIST at 38.6 m, 40.0 m and 40.5 m, 40 \ 234.5- each zone ~ 20 cm wide

^

_

~" i FELSIC ZONE in SCHIST from 42.1 to 42.5 m, ~ 0.4 m O z _ /& Ul wide 55 _jUJ SCHIST from 42.5 to 44.2 m, fine grained, ~ 1.5 m S 1 u. wf^TA UJ 0 ^^A CO SCHIST from 44.2 to 45.7 m, felsic-rich, ~ 1.5 m wide Q. UJ O ,,,- i- 45 . 'M £ 229.5- SCHIST from 45.7 to 47.0 m, fine grained, biotite-chlorite, ALTITUDE,INMETERSAB altered, ~ 1.3 m wide DEPTH,METERSINBELOW 11J1I' SCHIST from 47.0 to 52.0 m, gneissic texture, felsic-rich, with some strong foliations at 51.2 m, ~ 5.0 m wide

s m a, e 49.8 Ul ro .&. 0 M r\ PEGMATITE from 50.6 to 50.9 m, ~ 0.3 m wide

_ SCHIST from 52.0 to 59.4 m, gray, fine grained biotite-rich, 1 with feldspars and few garnets, some augens and some banding, ~ 7.4 m

55- 219.5-

^

^

SCHIST from 59.4 to 61.0 m, brownish black, coarse grained to gneissic texture, -1.6m

60 214.5 FELSIC ZONE or APLITE VEIN at 60.5, ~ 15 cm wide

94 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire FS3 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. :n QC , DC AC DCS DMP \j\j.*ju - SCHIST continued to 68.0 m SCHIST from 61.0 to 68.0 m, biotite-rich, medium to coarse grained, with some gneissic zones, foliation near horizontal, ~ 7.0 m wide " . s s n s,o,xf 63.4 1 PEGMATITE VEIN at 63.1 m, parallel to foliation, ~ 15 cm ^ wide SCHIST from 64.0 to 66.1 m, gneissic texture, 2.1 m wide 65 209.5

1 PEGMATITE DIKE from 66.1 to 66.4 m, muscovite, feldspar and quartz, ~ 0.4 m wide ^ PEGMATITE VEIN at 67.4 m, parallel to foliation, - 5 cm ^ m w a,e,mf2 67.7 wide

PEGMATITE DIKE from 68.0 to 69.3 m, muscovite, feldspar, and quartz, ~ 1.3 m wide ^l^J 11i -E'­co eno ro-* OCO en 1 SCHIST from 69.3 to 85.5 m, ~ 16.2 m wide SCHIST from 69.3 to 71.6 m, dark reddish black, fine grained, biotite-rich, foliation is moderately to steeply 1 dipping, ~ 2.3 m wide SCHIST from 71.6 to 72.2 m with felsic inclusions (felsic inclusions not shown), ~ 0.6 m wide TOPOFCASING VESEALEVEL SCHIST from 72.2 to 75.5 m, biotite schist, fine grained, ~ 3.3 m wide ^ s n xf 74.7 SCHIST from 75.5 to 85.5 m, gneissic texture, weakly O foliated, ~ 10.0 m wide | ^ CO 2 ^S < UJ m ^S COtr CO 0^ UJ oc vv fc £ ^>v S UJ W z 2 W *~*Z - UJ m. Q X v> ? £ 80 % hj 194.5- Q yv <

85 189.5- GRANITE from 85.5 to 86.9 m, medium to coarse grained, > X _ X dike is parallel to foliation of schist, ~ 1.5 m wide X X X BIOTITE SCHLIEREN at 85.6 m, 85.9 m, 86.6 m, and 86.9 m (not shown) ^ SCHIST from 86.9 to 93.0 m, chlorite schist, fine grained, ^ appears to be altered, ~ 6.1 m wide GRANITE from 87.1 to 87.4 m, ~ 0.3 m wide ~~ m m a,d 89.0 h n a,d 89.3 90 184.5

~---^ s w a,d 91.1

APPENDIX 95 FS3 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. 1 Art ., oo no DC AC DCS DMP SCHIST continued to 93.0 m m w fz 92.0 ££* GRANITE DIKE from 93.0 to 94.4 m, greenish white, ~ 1.4 m iX X X wide x x s n s 93.9 X X J* SCHIST from 94.4 to 128.3 m, biotite schist with trace garnet 95 - 179.5 and silliminite, ~ 33.9 m wide

-~' \f GRANITE DIKE from 96.0 to 96.3 m, grayish white, biotite- Var: % muscovite granite, ~ 0.3 m wide

I*=££ FELSIC ZONES in SCHIST from 98.8 to 99.4 m, ~ 0.6 m

_ wide 100 174.5-

SCHIST from 101.5 to 103.5 m, biotite-rich, coarse-grained texture, with felsic zones, ~ 16.2 m wide GRANITE or APLITE VEIN at 102.4 m, ~ 10 cm wide

11i SCHIST from 103.5 to 111.0 m, with augens, coarse grained, ~ 7.5 m wide o> RSBELOWTOPCASINGOF 8 ABOVE1ETERSSEALEVEL CO T

*7? FELSIC ZONE in SCHIST at 108.1 m, coarse grained, UJ «: ~ 25 cm wide W Z DEPTH,METIN Il_lL.LI'' \ | 164.5- 0 SCHIST from ~ 111.0 to 119.0 m, altered, muscovite- b chlorite-sericite rich, gradual contacts, ~ 8.0 m wide

BIOTITE in schist at 111.0 m, strongly foliated, not a fracture, (not shown) X X - - _ X ^_ P 113.1 GRANITE DIKE from 112.5 to 113.4 m, altered, ~ 0.9 m x-r-TT _x, ,_ m w o,a 113.7 wide ^ PEGMATITE from 113.4 to 113.7 m, ~ 0.3 m wide 159.5- 115 m n a,s 115.2

m n a,s 116.4

120 154.5-

I ~--^ n a 121.7 96 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire FS3 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. 101Q1

130 144.5-

T& FELSIC BAND at 134.4 m, ~ 2 cm wide 0 *& i 135 ijJ 139.5- W. FELSIC ZONE in schist or gneiss from 135.7 to 137.0 m, with strongly foliated biotite at 135.6 m that is - 1 to 2 cm wide (not shown). Felsic zone is 1.3 m wide DEPTH,METERSINBELOWTOPOFCAJ ALTITUDE,INMETERSABOVESEALE\ IIIi

(ji J> o COJ> 1

SCHIST from 143.2 to 149.3 m, gradual contacts, - 6.1 m wide FELSIC ZONE in schist at 143.4 ~ 20 cm wide 145 1 129.5- FELSIC BAND at 146.1 m, ~ 5 cm wide

SCHIST from 149.3 to 153.0 m, dark brownish black, biotite- rich with trace garnet, coarse grained to gneissic - \ texture, vertical foliation, ~ 3.7 m wide 124.5- I

APPENDIX 97 FS3 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTL 5 ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. DC AC DCS DMP 152.39 ! 122.06^ m SCHIST continued to 153.0 m _ X X X ~ X X h n j-a 153.8 GRANITE from 153.0 to 176.5 m, ~ 23.5 m wide X .- "" - X X m m o,a 157.4 GRANITE from 153.0 to 158.5 m, grayish white, leucocratic, 155- X X X 119.5- muscovite-quartz granite with trace pyrite and some iron X - X X staining, gradual contacts, 5.5 m wide _ X X X h n - - X 156.1 X X __ : __ X * X X m n b 157.0 _ X X X ___ - - P 157.6 X X X X X X m n - GRANITE from 158.5 to 162.0 m, muscovite-biotite granite, X 158.9 X X gradual contacts, ~ 3.5 m wide X 160 X X X 114.5 _ X X X X X __ - P 160.9 ~ X X X X X X m w a 162.1 GRANITE from 162.0 to 165.0 m, muscovite granite, _ X X X gradual contacts, ~ 3.0 m wide _ X X X X X X X X X ~ X X X i 165 X _i 109.5 UJ ==^ co X X > m m mf2 165.2 GRANITE from 165.0 to 172.0 m, muscovite-biotite granite, X UJ O _ X X gradual contacts, ~ 7.0 m wide LL X ^ . . O X X UJ P 166.4

0. _ X w P 166.7 X X UJ ^ X ^ X X o X CQ 1 X X UJ X w CQ X X CC ._ - - UJ P 168.5 V) X CC X X UJ UJ X X xjj £j 170 -104.5 X fj SCHIST XENOLITH in GRANITE from 170.0 to 170.7 m, z UJo X X schist exposed on one side of well, ~ 0.7 m wide X X H o" X X UJ X ti Q X X ^ GRANITE from 172.0 to 176 m, greenish gray, muscovite- X - X X chlorite-sericite, altered, 4.5 m wide X h m mf2, a 172.5 - X X - X h w a 173.1 X X X - X X h n mf2,a 173.9 ^"^ - _ X m/h n mf,a,p,b 175.6 X X h n - 174.6 175 X 99.5- X X h w e,d,a 175.3 X ~ X X m n 175.6

SCHIST from 176.5 to 183.0 m biotite-rich schist with trace h w xf 176.7 garnet, coarse grained to gneissic texture, near-vertical foliation, without banding, - 6.5 m wide m w mf3,d,o 177.5

180 94.5_

m n 182.6 98 LithologyI and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire FS3 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. 10007 n, co DC AC DCS DMP

PEGMATITE from 183.0 to 184.5, iron-stained feldspars and & h n j 183.8 quartz with trace sulfide minerals, ~ 1.5 m wide X 185 X X X 89.5 - X X ~ ^ m m - 185.5 X X X Description below here is based only on rock chip analysis. X X X GRANITE from 184.5 to 192.0 m, chlorite-muscovite granite, X X X pale greenish yellow to light greenish gray, ~ 7.5 m wide X X X X X X X X X Several fractures from 187 to 195 m (F.L. Paillet, X X X U.S. Geological Survey, written commun., 1989) X 190 _ X X VIDEO LOG NO X 84.5 X X X AVAILABLE . X X X X X X

NO FRACTURES PEGMATITE from 192.0 to 195.0 m, quartz, feldspar and g muscovite, ~ 3.0 m wide NOTED \j£ The well has an enlarged diameter at 195.0 m, and it has caved-in or bridged at ~ 196.0m. (F.L. Paillet, U.S. 195 _ * 79.5 X X 0 UJ Geological Survey, written commun., 1989) z > X X UJ All descriptions of the well are based only on rock cutting < ~ X o X X descriptions. Hence there are no fractures noted below this u. X & o - X __X- point. UJ o | : 3 APLITE and PEGMATITE from 195.0 to 198.5 m, pale kX X w greenish yellow, aphanitic, fine grained matrix with seams 3 y DC UJ UJ CD X X I- of pyrite. Possible gange or hydrothermally altered zone, CO "~ X LU X X (see table 5. for results of x-ray diffraction sample), - 3.5 m £ 200 _ X 1 74.5 - X X Uj" wide UJ X X X 0 GRANITE from 198.5 to 216.0 m, ~ 17.5 m wide X z ~ X X ^ I X } X X 5 0_ < GRANITE from 198.5 to 204.0 m, muscovite granite, with UJ X X quartz- feldspar aggregates with trace amounts of sulfide Q X _ X X minerals, and trace muscovite flakes, ~ 5.5 m wide X

X X X X X X X X GRANITE from 204.0 to 207.5 m, muscovite-chlorite 205 - X X X 69.5- granite, pale greenish yellow, with seams of sulfide (pyrite) _ X X X minerals, appears to be altered, - 3.5 m wide X X X - X X X GRANITE from 207.5 to 213.5 m, muscovite-chlorite X _ X X granite, greenish yellow feldspar, muscovite flakes and X X X some very well-formed pyrite crystals, - 6.0 m wide X _ X X X X X X - X X X 210 - X X 64.5- X ~ X X ~~ X X X X X X ^ X X X _ X X X X X X

APPENDIX 99 FS3 Continued

LITHOLOGY FRACTURES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. p-iq qc fin f^ £- \ \j.\j\J X X X GRANITE continued to 216.0 m X X X GRANITE from 213.5 to 216 m, biotite-muscovite-feldspar X X X and quartz, with some pyrite, ~ 2.5 m wide 215 X 59.5- VIDEO LOG NOT O X X _J AVAILABLE Z X UJ CO x x UJ X * 0 X X PEGMATITE and GRANITE from 216.0 to 225.5 m, pegmatitic LL X UJ NO FRACTURES o X X CO . muscovite and feldspar. Granite is leucocratic with X Q. UJ O X X NOTED muscovite, pale green chlorite and sericite altered, with X o monomineralic chips of pyrite, ~ 9.5 m wide § \^ CO . \ \ ^ 3 V^v^ CO PEGMATITE from 218.0 to 219.0 m, ~ 1.0 m wide UJ a: CO X X UJ CO X UJ ju 220 VA> ^ 54.5 uj - AV \ z PEGMATITE from 219.5 to 222.0 m, muscovite and 2 VTv* UJ" feldspar, ~ 2.5 m wide Z ~~ -p> Q 1- I ^& 1- \_ rr Q. .- b UJ < o x x X X X PEGMATITE from 223.2 to 223.8 m, muscovite and - v^ feldspar, ~ 0.6 m wide X x x _ X X X BOTTOM OF WELL AT 225.5 m X OOC D~~ 48.95-

100 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire WELL NAME: FS4

LITHOLOGY FRACTURES FRACTURE DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. ATTRIBUTES 346.12 aT

°0> SAND from 0.8 to 4.0 m, brown, coarse, ~ 3.2 m wide O <, O l-i 0) 111 Q Q^ 2! 0 0 C/3 Q o O CC e: Q- BEDROCK SURFACE at 4.0 m EPTHNto belowto UJ PERTURE ESCRIPTO Cuttings: BIOTITE SCHIST from 4.0 to 7.7, ~ 3.7 m wide 341.1- Q O O (There appears to be iron bacteria floating in the water at a. the top of the well) Q Q Q BOTTOM OF CASING at 7.6 m SCHIST from 7.6 to10.6 m, fine grained biotite and pyrite / (sulfide minerals) and medium to coarse quartzo- P 9.1 feldspathic layers, some oxidized near vertical foliation, h m mf2,xf 9.4 ~ 3.0 m wide 10 336.1- - - P 10.1

X h w 0 10.8 IX X GRANITE from 10.6 to 17.5 m, ~ 6.9 m wide h n 0 11.1 O 2 x J X X UJ X - - 3 - UJ ^ P 12.7 O _ X X J UL X ^ 13.4 O X X UJ P X (0 a x/ x L* UJ X X X i - - P-a 14.8 i2 15-ID X X < 331.1 UJ X OT m X X or V) X X v h m cc hUJ 16.1 LU _ 4 PEGMATITE from 17.5 to 18.1 m, monomineralic feldspar tu x x> z 5 and quartz, slight greenish tinge, ~ 0.6 m wide z LU Q foliated minerals are extremely fine grained \ - 5 UJ ^f SCHIST from 18.1 to 25.5 m, fine to coarse grained, banded, Q - I vertical foliation, ~ 7.4 m wide 20 - 326.1 - % FELSIC BAND in schist at 23.5 m, - 3 cm wide

GRANITE from 23.8 to 24.6 m, coarse grained and oxidized, cross-cuts foliation of schist, ~ 0.8 m wide (fracture is in the granite and is parallel to the lower contact X X X _ l/ h n a,o 24.4 with schist.) s n faint 24.5 25 - 321.1 s n - %x x 25.7 GRANITE from 25.5 to 49.8 m, grayish white, biotite- X _ X X \ muscovite granite, ~ 24.3 m wide X N^- . s n s 26.2 N^ X X s n - 26.5 ~ X x x N P 27.6 X X X X x x _ X \ - - P 28.9 X X _ X x x 30 X s - s,p V V 316.1 29.9

APPENDIX 101 FS4 Continued FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

qn47 o, ccc DC AC DCS DMP

X X GRANITE continued to 49.8 m, with biotite schlieren at X X X ~ 33.0 m, 33.8 m, and 34.0 m X _ X X X - X X _ ^sL s n s 32.8 X J >s X X X 35- X s n 34.9 X X 311.1- _ \ X X X X X X s n s 36.0 X \ X X X . X X X - X X h n 0 38.0 GRANITE from ~ 38.1 to 47.0 m, greenish microcline- X - X X quartz-muscovite and biotite, ~ 8.9 m wide X ~ X X X s n s 39.3 X X 40 - X X X 306.1 h n fz,a,y 40.2 (Drill logs indicate that this fracture is water bearing.) - X - X X h w mf2,a,y 40.3 _ X X X . X _ X X X _ X X X - s n s 42.9 h n a 54.8 X 291.1- ~~~ ~^^ X X m w o,a 55.4 X X > X _ X X X X X ~ X X X ~~~~ X - - P 57.7 X X X PEGMATITE VEIN at 58.7 m, muscovite, quartz, feldspar, X X ~ 8 cm wide X X . X X X 60 " X 286.1- X X . X X X ^

102 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire FS4 Continued FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. DC AC DCS DMP H I £OO. 1 / X X p 61.0 GRANITE continued to 61.9 m *J ** . . p,mf2 61.6 Quartzite from 61.9 to 65.3 m, quartz with some biotite and s w a 62.2 with sulfide minerals, oxidized, foliation is near vertical, ^r s n s 62.5 (shown with foliated schist pattern), - 3.4 m wide Quartzite from 63.4 to 65.3 m, steeply dipping banding, p yellowish tinge, - 1 .9 m wide

65 I 281.1 \ GRANITE from 65.3 to m, biotite-muscovite granite, - - p,mf2 65.4 ~ 51.5 m wide X X 1X x x X s n s 67.1 X X X x x X 67.9 X ^ p X X - p 68.2 X : x x X s X X X 70 x x 276.1- -, X - X X X h n 70.8 X X X X X s n s 71.5 X - - P,b 72.0 _ X X X GRANITE from 74.0 to 82.0 m, grayish white, biotite- _ X o X X muscovite granite with trace garnet, fine grained, - 8.0 m z - x ===== h m mf2,d,a 73A X X CO LU wide X h n - 74.0 o X X UJ LU X 0 75 x x < 271.1- Q. X CO - X X . R X LU h n 75.7 _ x x o _ h n mf2,p,b,a 76.5 o_J X X m r- LU X ^* s n s 77.0 CD x x CO CO X _ X *\^^^ s w fz, o 90.2 x x X. .. _ X s n - 90.5 X X

APPENDIX 103 FS4 Continued FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

Q 143 ^x o^«o DC AC DCS DMP X X s n s 91.4 GRANITE continued to 116.7 m X X X _ h n - ~ 92.3 X ^^ x x ^_ X T-. - - s X X 93.4 ' - - - X 93.6 ^ x x x ~~~ h n d Q4*yt.tj ^ - X X X 95 - x x 251.1 - X X X _ h w e,o,a,mf3 X 95.7 x x X X X X ~ x x s n s 97.2 X X X X P 98.0 x x m QQ 0 - n 2/O.O X X X X x x ^^^^ - X s n 99.6 100 X X 246.1- X - X X h n s 100.5 GRANITE from 101.7 to 102.6 m, greenish white, appears X X X to be altered, ~ 0.9 m wide 3SS== X h n mf3,a 101.2 x x ^^ X s w b,a ^o^.7 X X 7^~~" s w a 102.0 X X X s X s n ^02.7 X X _ X X X o X _J z x x UJ CO ' X > X X J 241.1- 0 105 X LL. x x UJ O X CO Q. - X X UJ O X (- x x o § _ X CD X X *c S X CO UJ x x cr CO X UJ h n j W7.B CO ~ X X H Ul ft X UJ x x ^ UJ ~ X z X X ^ _ x UJ x x Q h n s 110.0 | 110 - X = 236.1- - - X X t X b UJ _ x x ^ Q X _ X X X x x - X X X X SN\ _ x x s w a 112.9 ~ X X X X X X _ X X X 115 - X 231.1- X X s n X mf3,s,b 115.4 X X ^ X - x x PEGMATITE DIKE from 116.7 to 118.3 m, muscovite-rich,

*\ m n h 11 i -i 7/.D a ~ 1.6 m wide -

X X GRANITE from 118.3 to 125.7 m, biotite-muscovite with some X - _ x x m n - 118.9 chlorite, ~ 7.4 m wide X - X X X 120 x x 226.1- s n s 120.6 ~ X X X X x x m n - X - _^ 121.4 X X

104 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire FS4 Continued FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. DC AC DCS DMP r~x £.£. +.£. \ =^ m n - - X X 122.0 GRANITE continued to 125.7 m X ^^^ s w a,mf2 122.4 X X - X s w 122.7 X X m n s 123.8 X X X X m m . 124.7 SCHIST from 125.7 to 147.1 m, coarse grain, muscovite- X X - m m 124.8 biotite-sillimanite-quartz-feldspar some chlorite with trace s w a 125.1 \ garnet, ~ 21.3 m wide

s n s 127.6 SCHIST from 127.0 to 130.0 m, grayish brown schist with steep foliation, (dip is estimated to be 65 degrees) S§Ig js§8S VTTf SCHIST from 130.0 to 134.5 m, coarse with some augens, 1111IiIi., gneissic texture, gradual contact above and below, - 4.5 m wide

- m p-i-pf 133.5 SCHIST from 134.5 to 143.5 m, (schist is less foliated than above), gneissic texture with several augens

DEPTH,INMETERSBELOWTOPOFCASING ALTITUDE,INMETERSABOVESEALEVEL h n xf 136.1

SCHIST from 143.5 to 145.0 m, some chlorite, drilled very fast, ~ 1.5 m wide

s n j 142.5 J h n/m - 143.1 s m mf2,x 144.0

s n/w j-e 145.4

GRANITE from 147.1 to 151.3m, altered and decomposed, X X ~ 4.2 m wide X h w a,mf2 147.7 " X X h m a,p,e 147.9 X X X -\ m m/w e,a,b 148.2 X t X X X X X ;S s m/w a X ' 149.6 150 X X 196.1- X X X / s w 150.7 X P SCHIST from 151.3 to 152.6 m, - 1.3 m wide

APPENDIX 105 FS4 Continued FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

152.39 ____£*f^ 10, "^ DC AC DCS DMP x x m m . 152.6 SCHIST continued to 152.6 m X X X X GRANITE / APLITE from 152.6 to174.5 m, ~ 21.9 m wide SCHIST from 153.8 to 154.7 m, - 0.9 m wide

155- X X 191.1- X X X X X X X -_ ^ s n mf2 156.2 X X X x x X X X altered from 156.5 to 158.5 m X x x k~~-- Z£ s w mf2,j 158.7 - SCHIST from 158.7 to 159.3 m, ~ 0.7 m wide X 160 - X X 186.1 X . n p 160.1 x x X X X X "" x x X X X _ X x x _ X X X X - X X m m a.e 163.4 GRANITE from 164.0 to 174.5 m, coarse grained, biotite- X X X muscovite, some foliation, ~ 10.5 m wide X - 164.4 X X p i 165- X ..j 181.1- W _ \ \s > UJ - o k^ _l h n 165.7 PEGMATITE from 165.4 to 166.0 m, ~ 0.6 m wide u. * , O LU s\*l 0. C/5 X X UJ PEGMATITE from 166.3 to 166.9 m, ~ 0.6 m wide oI- - ^^ o m 3 X X PEGMATITE from 167.3 to 167.9 m, ~ 0.6 m wide UJ X w m x x ac UJ s w s 168.7 w :t*> 1- ^i V a: LU V LU X i X X ^ PEGMATITE from 169.0 to 169.3 m, ~ 0.3 m wide | 170- X - 176.1 X X LU z X x x o X 1- a.£ X X UJ X b a x x ^ X X X X x x X X X _^ X X X PEGMATITE from 174.5 to 175.8 m, minerals are pegmatitic 175 171.1 -

106 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire FS4Continued FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

_* O> DC AC DCS DMP 163.25- GRANITE continued to 195.8 m, weakly foliated with near s w a,e 183.7 vertical foliation

185 _ .1 h n faint 185.3 s- n/m P 185.9 m n 185.9 s m/w a,mf2 186.4

h n - 187.6

h n - 188.7 (fracture along contact?) GRANITE from 188.8 to 189.4 m, coarse grained to 190 _ pegmatitic texture, gradual upper and lower contacts, s n - 190.2 ~ 0.6 m wide

h n a,mf2 192.1 h n - 192.5 h n 192.9

195 _ SCHIST from 195.8 to 202.7 m, 1.1 very fine to medium grained texture, biotite-muscovite, dark- - - P,o 195.6 reddish brown, foliations are steeply dipping, ~ 6.9 m wide

PEGMATITE at 199.1 m, ~ 3 cm wide .1- PEGMATITE from 200.7 to 201.3 m, ~ 0.6 m wide (near horizontal, 657.2 to 658.5, cross-cuts foliation, upper contact is irregular, embayed and gradual)

s/h n mf3,p,b 202.9 (some narrow and some wide fractures at 205.0 m) - - h n 203.4 GRANITE from 202.7 to 215.0 m, ~ 12.3 m wide s n - 204.4 APLITE from 203.8 to 204.2 m, ~ 0.5 m wide m 01 1 n 204.8 T m n/w fz.e.a.j 205.0 PEGMATITE from 205.4 to 206.0 m, ~ 0.6 m wide

GRANITE from 206.5 to 215.0 m, ~ 8.5 m wide altered and fine grained

s n - 208.4

s m J 210.2 O J h n 210.4 P 210.6 s n " 211.4

h n mf2 212.8

APPENDIX 107 FS4 Continued FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

DC AC DCS DMP f. Id.OvJ y. GRANITE continued to 215.0 m X X

X X h n 214.0 >^ h n mf2 214.4 215 131.1 SCHIST from 215.0 to 224.8 m, coarse grained, biotite- ^ muscovite schist, top contact looks gradual, ~ 9.8 m wide

1 h n - 217.3

PEGMATITE from 219.2 to 219.8 m, ~ 0.6 m wide 220 126.1-

GRANITE from 224.8 to 251.0 m, ~ 26.2 m wide

^X X X h m 224.4 X 225 X X 121.1 _ X X X ==< m n xf 225.7 X O ~~ X X h n . 226.1 z X LU w X X X LU Z X X ^\ LL X «£ s m . 227.5 0 _ X X LU 0. X W P X X LU

X X o 5 - m X < 9 X X s n a 229.9 X M 230 X X a: 116.1- LU s/h n mf2 X =^ 230.3 QC X X LU LU h n mf2 230.7 tu X X z ^ X 2 X X LU X Q X X X X 1- Q. X X LU X b Q X X ^ X X X - X - _ X X m - - 234.4 235" X X X 111.1 ~ X X X X X X _ X X X h m a,e 237.0 X \^ X X X __ X X X X X X _ X X X _ X X X X X 240 X 106.1 X X X X X ~ X X X X X X _ X X X __ X X X X r>&n PO X X

108 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire FS4 Continued FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

x GRANITE continued to 251.0 m X X - X . . 244.4 X X P 245 _ - - 244.7 X 101.1- == p X X - - mf2,p 245.1 X X X X X X h n a 246.5 X X X PEGMATITE from 246.7 to 247.3 m, ~ 0.6 m wide X s n s 247.3 X X ^ s w e 247.7 PEGMATITE from 248.1 to 249.0 m, ~ 0.9 m wide X X X s n s 248.8 X ~rv?V 250 _ 96.1 PEGMATITE from 249.8 to 250.4 m, ~ 0.6 m wide SI>r~ X X SCHIST from 251.0 to 255.3 m, biotite-quartz schist, some coarse-grained minerals, - 4.3 m wide

255 _ 91.1- %X X 1X X X GRANITE from 255.3 to 256.8 m, ~ 1.5 m wide X X X

5^>v UJ / / > - £c UJ PEGMATITE from 256.8 to 258.3 m, ~ 1.5 m wide UJ tit (n SCHIST from 258.3 to 306.5 m, gray biotite-chlorite, quartz- v^ UJ £2 0 rich schist and some quartzite layers, ~ 48.2 m wide 260 < 86.1 - PEGMATITE from 258.8 to 259.4 m, ~ 0.6 m wide U) &UJ ^ m z UJ 1 0 PEGMATITE from 261.4 to 262.0 m, ~ 0.6 m wide t

265- 81.1- _

270 76.1

s m pf 271.0 1 Felsic band at 272.0 m, - 2 cm wide APPENDIX 109 FS4 Continued FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

n. 01 SCHIST continued to 284.6 m, very fine to coarse texture, 275 71.1 steeply dipping foliation %

p _ i 280 _ 66.1-

PEGMATITE or felsic rich zone in schist at 283.1 m, ~ 20 to

25 cm wide

% 285 ^\ 61.1- PEGMATITE from 284.6 to 285.6 m, ~ 1.0 m wide -^7 SCHIST from 285.6 to 293.3 m, same as above, ~ 7.7 m wide

1Ji' TOPOFCASING m n s 287.3 ESEALEVEL s n s 287.7

'^S\/y PEGMATITE from 289.1 to 289.7 m, gradual contacts, 0 290 ~ 0.6 m wide f.§56.1 UJ CD U) CL £ UJ UJ UJ UJ W 2 5 I vv z z LU VY Q t£ 1- UJ _ b GRANITE from 293.3 to 294.3 m, ~ 1.0 m wide Q /fr 295 51.1 SCHIST from 294.3 to 306.2 m, same as above, ~ 11.9 m wide FELSIC ZONE in schist at 295.2 m, gradual contacts, ~ 0.3 m wide

_

300 46.1 APLITE DIKE from 301.5 to 301.8 m, ~ 0.3 m wide

Zrf SCHIST from 302.7 to 304.5 m, coarse grained texture, 1 felsic rich, ~ 1.8 m wide SCHIST from 304.5 to 306.2 m, coarse grained texture, _ 41.1 felsic rich, ~ 1.7 m wide 305 BOTTOM OF WELL AT 305.7 m r>nc 7 404

110 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire WELL NAME: FS5

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

499.20 Q. Q O ^^ r^ o) ^ O t C EPTHTOMIDPOir PERTURECODE( ESCRIPTORS(DS belowoftopcas 0 BEDROCK SURFACE at 3.9 m

UJ Q 494.2- 0 O Q_ Q Q Q

" BOTTOM OF CASING AT 7.6 m X h n a 25.4 X X GRANITE from 7.6 to 9.4 m, foliated, greenish-gray, quartz &^^^-" I x r-^ m w fz,e,a 27.3 X X u rich, gradual contact with gneiss below, - 1.8 m wide s m o,a 32.7 10 *$* 489.2 ^ GNEISS from 9.4 to -15 m, coarse-grained, equigranular I X X texture to gneissic texture, with some felsic-rich zones, some biotite schlieren, gradual contact with schist or mafic O X-S'X z. X m n 12.2 portion of a migmatite, -5.6 m wide CO XQ' Ul _____ h n 12.5 UJ Q y)r u. ~ y . at 14 m the rock is banded and is more foliated than above. 0 x /£ * UJ CO Q. xf* A ft Ul ^ 2*}}

iv>-«. oen 1< 484.2 SCHIST from~15 to 23.2 m, gradual contacts with gneiss CO above and below, more schistose and foliated than above, DEPTH,INMETERSBELOW DC 1- some zones with gneissic texture in felsic-rich zones, some 111ii coticule or calc-silicate layers, z Uj" Q 5 Felsic-rich portion of schist from 18.3 to 19.8 m, coarse 479.2- grained, 1.5 m wide

GNEISS 23.2 to -26 m, gradual contacts above and below, texture is mottled and foliated, -2.8 m wide ** X - xtf x ~ h fjx ^- - m w mf2,o 81.9 25 474.2 - SCHIST from -26 to 29.5 m, gradual contacts, biotite-rich, 9 strongly foliated, steeply dipping foliation, -3.5 m wide

GNEISS from 29.5 to 66.4 m, greenish gray, biotite quartz, and feldspar,

y/Jjf 30 \*yjx 469.2-

APPENDIX 111 FS5 Continued

LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

DC AC DCS DMP 30.47- 0 468.72 GNEISS continued to 66.4 m h n 31.0 GNEISS at 31.6 to 38.5 m, coarse-grained to gneissic -5 -5 texture, felsic-rich equigranular zones, weak foliation, some banding, -6.9 m wide

-10

35- -15 464.2 - -15

-20 -20

-25 -25 GNEISS from 38.5 to 50.3 m, banded, migmatitic texture, ~ 3.1 m wide -30 -30 40 459.2 _ FELSIC BAND at 40.2 m, -5 cm wide -35 -35

-40

FELSIC BAND at 44 m, ~5 cm wide -45 s n 0 44.8

-50 w -50 s n pf 46.0 UJ

-55 FELSIC BAND at 48 m, ~8 cm wide

-60 GNEISS from 50.3 to 51.8 m, felsic rich, coarse equigranular with no foliation to weak foliation, 1.5 m wide

50 -65 449.2 - -65 FELSIC BAND at 51 m, -10 cm wide

-70 -70 GNEISS from 51.8 to 61.0 m, some banding, gneissic to migmatitic texture, some pink and green calc-silicate layers -75 -75 or coticule layers, 9.2 m wide

-80 444.2- -80 55

-85 -85

-90 -90

P 59.0 -95 -95 60 439.2 - 200

112 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire FS5 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY _, FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. T 0)fin< j>< as«0) ( 01 w ^ft ., DC AC DCS DMP x/px UJ GNEISS continued to 66.4 m < GNEISS from -61.0 m 66.4 m, banded, with some felsic, NMETERSBELOWTOPOFCASI I UJ 1111, xf" CO mottled-looking zones, gradual contacts, -5.4 m wide fX4f UJ X § 432.8

APPENDIX 113 ^ DEPTH, IN METERS BELOW TOP OF CASING r~rn ro cn r~ r; 0 171 o Ol 0 ' 5 o 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ili III i 1 i 1 i 1 I I I I I , I I I I I I I I I I I I I I | , | ,1,1,1,1, | , | , | , § > o ^^VAV'^v'X^r^LVCv^ ^ H i tO Svf\^\v\Ajss ^^^8S$8^^y ^^^ 0 m 0) $^ O 3 -< O. Tl ALTITUDE, IN METERS ABOVE SEA LEVEL Tl 10 V) ^ Q> 10 10 10 ro 10 05 ro 10 &d Z CO 00 u 00 00 00 bo -n C bo bo bo bo bo 0o TJ-JJ (0 1 I J ___ 3 r- 0 * fi) o ^m ^H JJ =, Tl APERTURE CODE (AC) §3 8 co

tOM M (O ^J^l Ol u> DEPTH TO MIDPOINT (DMP) mm 5" too cn vl Ol ^ below top of casing tyj I (/) TJ U> 0) 00 _i O 0) CD 0) (/) o m O 0 10'ILLfrom > tigationsintl o CT g LAYfrom9. ^5 00 O" m DESCRIP CD ®s i EDROCKSI pansized si? "P SCHISTfr 3, CO 3" H O O) ( O *" o' o" co' -«, 1-9= & O""* 0 5 ft 3 9L | § =. 3D O n l , 5 a » " r<-» s; § 5-3 l|s 2 Is le 10 w 3 3 2.2widem o .1m jo *§ o o's. 3 o d,0.6widem~ 00 3 « = 3 CASINGat13.99m 3 CD ro O-o op gray,m,.1to9.5coarse-med Area,leMirrorLakeGraftonCoi 3 SQ.cn gradualquartzicontacts,some (rainedverysteeptexture,folia b grayishm,mafic,14.026.1to m o m,rom5.8to6.10.3widem graym,fresh,omtoro<2.12.7 J quartzite,dsandsomeoxidize grainedtexture,etocoarsewit -L Ol oxidation,withsomemediumt SOMECLAYANDfrom gray,sand,medium.81mwi~ ELANDBOULDERSfrom0. logTION:Generalizedbein 0o CDS TJ^S ^.-* 0 u 2 to ro H^ o « £ CO CD § S ho ST^ 3 3 S bi 3 S| 03 5.' 3-°- » ® P o'CT CD j 0 0x . "o ®co to b CD O) 3 % p- o' 3 i. 23 ^ Q. ^ C CD CO CO « 6- CO °- =r a- S 0> CD ^ §" o h O O CD 0 -si p. ^ S3 CO P 3 S CD » Q. 3 O ,» CD 3 $ 5- co 0> o z 5-92i ! 3 CO CD - CO 6' I*, (D 3 o O w o cr 3 -Q CD 3 5" 3 CO o' Q) X (Q CD CD O s± S I s 2. -^ OJ 3 ^* D) 2, w CD § ^ 3 CD 0. 5T 3 3 CO CD CD o3" 3o N 0> ® -t 0. 3 Q) o' CO.' (0 55' x1 ^ s 3" < Q. FS6 Continued

LITHOLOGY FRACTURES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

DC AC DCS DMP 30.47- 213.3 SCHIST continued to 30.8 m PEGMATITE from 30.8 to 59.9 m PEGMATITE from 30.8 to 35.0 m, gray and white mottled texture, muscovite-quartz-feldspar and some phlogopite and some biotite, ~ 4.2 m wide

BIOTITE SCHLIEREN at 32.6 m 2 to 5 cm wide 208.8 - PEGMATITE from 35.0 to 50.0 m, muscovite rich, quartz, feldspar, biotite, trace garnet, ~ 15.0 m wide

BIOTITE (and quartz?) from 39.5 to 43.0 m, on one side of well, extremely fine grained (aphanitic), foliated biotites 203.8 -

> 198.8- CQ CO CC UI

BIOTITE from 48.4 to 49.5 m on one side of well, grayish black, fine grained biotites, foliated, ~ 1.1 m wide

BIOTITE SCHLIEREN at 50.1 m fine grained (aphanitic) 50 193.8 - foliated biotite, - 10 cm wide PEGMATITE from 50.0 to 59.9 m, felsic, muscovite-quartz- feldspar and some phlogopite and some biotite, - 9.9 m wide

GRANITE VEIN from 56.8 to 57.0 m, ~ 0.2 m wide 188.8- BIOTITE at 57.3 m, - 5 cm wide GRANITE VEIN at 57.9 to 58.3 m, gray, fine grained, ~ 0.4 m wide PEGMATITE from 58.3 to 59.0 m, feldspar and muscovite, ~ 0.7 m wide GRANITE from 59.0 to 59.9 m, SCHIST from 59.9 to 60.6 m, biotite-muscovite, medium to coarse grained, not foliated, near vertical foliation, coarse felsic minerals and fine grained mafic minerals, ~ 0.7 m wide 183.8 60 PEGMATITE from 60.6 to 70.7 m, felsic, coarse-grained with some foliated layers or schlieren, -10.1 m wide

APPENDIX 115 FS6 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. DC AC DCS DMP 60.95 182.8 PEGMATITE continued to 70.7 m

h n - 63.8

65 178.8- PEGMATITE or possibly MIGMATITE from 66.4 to 70.7 m, with small biotites, coarse grained, felsic rich, ~ 4.3 m wide

70 173.8- GRANITE from 70.7 to 71.9 m, biotite-muscovite quartz feldspar with trace garnet, 1.2 m wide SCHIST from 71.9 to 74.5 m, with felsic zones, more than 50% foliated and very fine grained, ~ 2.6 m wide

ui FELSIC BAND (or fracture?) at 74.3 m UJ m n xf 74.4 APLITE/GRANITE from 74.7 to 75.4 m, irregular contact, 25 168.8- ~ 0.7 m wide ui 8

BIOTITE SCHLIEREN at 77.0 m, steeply dipping BIOTITE SCHLIEREN at 77.7 m, horizontal

m n a 78.9

80 163.8-

m n a 80.9

PEGMATITE at 81.6 m, ~ 3 cm wide

m n a 83.1

SCHIST from 83.8 to 88.0 m, extremely fine grained schist and quartzite, ~ 4.2 m wide 85 158.8 SCHIST from 85.3 to 88.0 m, banded schist, near vertical foliation, some quartzite, ~ 2.7 m wide

FELSIC BAND at 87.6 m, cross-cuts the foliation of schist, ~ 2 cm wide X X GRANITE from 88.0 to 89.6 m, ~ 1.6 m wide X X X PEGMATITE from 89.6 to 90.3 m, ~ 0.7 m wide SCHIST from 90.3 to 119.8 m, laminated, some banding, felsic 90 153.8 layers 1 to 5 cm wide, and quartzite layers, steeply dipping foliation, ~ 29.5 m wide

116 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire FS6 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES5 DESCRIPTION: Generalizec 9143 __ DC AC DCS DMP)MP i SCHIST continued to 119.8 m, 95 148.8 FELSIC BANDS (or GRANITE??) at 95.9 m, laminated, i ~ 5 cm wide 9 GRANITE or APLITE VEIN at 97.2 m, ~ 20 cm wide

100 i 143.8

i GRANITE VEIN at 103.0 m, cross-cuts foliation, ~ 10 cm wide 0 2 1 0 105 ^138.8- u. S5 0 CO Q. - \^r.^r P ^ r~ - w. w 8 § w 5 ;j VV" CO *^r4 cc CO£ UJ CO t- cc w LU FELSIC BAND at 108.0 m, cross-cuts foliation, ~ 1 cm wide 111 vv 5 Hi z. 2 uf w Q ~- 110 - 3 133.8- I- UJ _ S GRANITE CONTACT at 111.4 m, cross cuts foliation, 0 ~ 10cm wide _ i

. I _ 115 128.8- _

PEGMATITE from 119.8 to 121.2 m, felsic, some pegmatite muscovite, - 1.4 m wide ^ \ SCHIST from 121.2 to 125.3 m, with quartzite layers, ~ 4.1 m 120 f 123.8- wide ^ ; h n - 21.6

APPENDIX 117 FS6 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

b 1 .J 1 u SCHIST continued to 125.3 m

- 5

125 118.8- -10 BOTTOM OF HOLE AT 125.3 m The hole was originally drilled to 182.6 m but caved in at 125.3 m - All descriptions of the well are based only on descriptions of -15 rock cuttings and drilling conditions. Hence there are no fractures noted below this point. Contacts are approximate.

- -20 PEGMATITE, QUARTZ, FELDSPAR, and MUSCOVITE from 126.5 to 128.0 m, ~ 1.5 m wide _ I VIDEO LOG NOT POSSIBLE FRACTURE at 127.1 m, drilled very fast - -25 AVAILABLE PEGMATITE and GRANITE from 128.0 to 137.1 m, ~ 9.1 m 130 113.8 - wide

-30 - : NO FRACTURES

I NOTED ^-35 -

- 40 o - 2 135 W uj 108.8- - - O UJ 45 u_ ^ 0 UJ _ a. C/) _ UJ g 50 - 0 GRANITE from 137.1 to 140.2 m, with leucocrat feldspar and CO

UJI C/J _ quartz, ~ 3.1 m wide CO _ DC _ w UJ -55 cc - UJ 1 UJ z _ ^ 140 --103.8- z -60 GRANITE and SCHIST from 140.2 to 141.7m, ~ 1.5m wide x~ o i- __ - t _ UJ b o -65 PEGMATITIC MUSCOVITE and SCHIST from 141.7 to 146.3 m, ~ 4.6 m wide

-70

75 145 98.8-

~* -80 PEGMATITE and GRANITE from 146.3 to 164.6 m, ~ 18.3 m wide

-85 - GRANITE SHEEN on DRILLING FLUIDS at 147.8 m

-90 149.6 m 5 to 10 gpm more water, drilled fast: 2 min 150 93.8 - -

-95

Rflf)

118 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire FS6 Continued

LITHOLOGY FRACTURES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

PEGMATITE and GRANITE continued to 164.6 m

155- 88.8- VIDEO LOG NOT

AVAILABLE

160 - 83.8 NO FRACTURES NOTED -

GRANITE from 164.6 to 166.1 m, ~ 1.5 m wide 1 165- ti 78.8- -5 ~ > o _ UJ u. ^ PEGMATITE and GRANITE from 166.1 to 167.6 m, o UJ 0. en muscovite, biotite flakes, ~ 1.5 m wide, O ~ UJ O m O - GRANITE and PEGMATITE from 167.6 to 170.7 m, _i UJ w m cc muscovite, ~ 3.1 m wide en UJ cc UJ UJ | 170- Z 73.8- UJ z o GRANITE and SCHIST from 170.7 to 172.2 m, - 1.5 m wide i- £L UJ b Q GRANITE and PEGMATITE from 172.2 to 173.7 m, ~ 1.5 m wide FRACTURED ZONE or VERY SOFT at 173.7 m, 12 gpm SCHIST and GRANITE from 173.7 to 175.3 m, /blue- green mineral in a granite matrix, ~ 1.6 m wide 175 68.8- SCHIST from 175.3 to 176.8 m, mafic rich, fine grains, looks more like granite, ~ 1.5 m wide

GRANITE and SCHIST from 176.8 to 179.8 m, pegmatite, muscovite and biotite, ~ 3.0 m wide

GRANITE and PEGMATITE from 179.8 to 182.9 m, - 3.1 m 180- 63.8-

BOTTOM of DRILLED HOLE at 182.6 m

APPENDIX 119 WELL NAME: FSE1

LITHOLOGY FRACTURES FRACTURE DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. ATTRIBUTES 240.20- 67 SAND from 0.6 to 5.2 m, fine to medium sand, gravel, no clay or silt, ~ 4.6 m wide Q O O CO if LU Q Q O o 0 IPTORS ^ Q. LU o LU GC 235.2 Q D O cc TILL from 5.2 to 13.8 m ~ 8.6 m wide 0 or O LU CO Q_ Q. LU LU O Q Q

Very cobbly or rocky drilling from 8.8 to 9.4 m, ~ 0.6 m wide 10 230.2

25 BEDROCK SURFACE at 13.8 m CO LU

3 225.2 CO DC

BOTTOM OF CASING at 16.9 m SCHIST from 16.9 to 24.5 m, dark reddish brown, very fine grained, near vertical foliation, quartz-rich, sulfitic, h w fz,o 18.3 sillimanite-muscovite-biotite schist, ~ 7.6 m wide

s n P 19.6 20 220.2 m n 20.1

m n w 21.9 (2 parallel fractures have white precipitate that emanated from the fractures and was deposited in several vertical lines above the fractures)

GRANITE from 24.5 to 61.6 m, muscovite-quartz-rich granite, m n d 24.9 215.2- medium to coarse grained, some muscovite minerals measure up to 1 to 2 cm in length, ~ 37.1 m wide

(white precipitate emanated from the fracture and was m m w 27A deposited in two vertical lines above the fracture)

30 210.2

120 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire FSE1 Continued

LITHOLOGY FRACTURES FRACTURE^ DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

DC AC DCS DMP 30.47. X X GRANITE continued to 61.6 m X X X X X X SCHIST from 32.3 to 32.9 m, grayish brown with felsic X x_^- augens, extremely fine grained biotite-rich matrix, ~ 0.6 m wide v\> PEGMATITE DIKE from 33.2 to 33.6, ~ 0.4 m wide m n w OH.Uid n X X (white precipitate emanated from the fracture and was X X X deposited in two vertical lines above the fracture) 35 X X X 205.2 - 34.7 diffuse zone in the rock, ~ 0.3 m wide X X X X X X X X X X X X X - X X _ m n 37.8 X X X X X X X X X X 40 X X 200.2 X m n 40.2 X X X X X X X X X X X ^-_ s n . 42.1 X O X X _J h n mf2 42.7 z. X Ul w X X LU X (fractures with white precipitate emanated from the fracture 0 X X ,J U. X UJ and was deposited in several vertical lines above the o X X CO h n mf3 44.3 fractures) X UJ s n 44.6 0 45 X X X > 195.2- ^ X X CD ^--^. X s n 45.6 8 - X X co Ul X cc CO X X H _ m n . 46.6 UJ oc ~ X >i_ UJ _ r%\ h n 47.5 UJ _ z~£ X X uf 2 X Q PEGMATITE DIKE from 47.3 to 47.9 m, - 0.6 m wide X X K I - X X X Q. X 5 % 50 .. X X X 190.2- ~ X X X X X X _ X X X, - ^ PEGMATITE DIKE from 51.8 to 52.7 m, ~ 0.9 m wide - £*-£*

X X _ X X X 55 _ X 185.2- X X m m 55.2 _ X X X X s n a 56.2 X X \

X X X X __ - X SCHIST XENOLITH from 57.3 to 57.9 m, - 0.6 m wide - X X X X X APLITE DIKE at 59.3 m, of fine grained granite, - 40 cm - X X 60 _ X wide X X 180.2- X X X X

APPENDIX 121 FSE1 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. _ oc DC AC DCS DMP X X X GRANITE continued to 61.6 m

''/' ^ PEGMATITE DIKE from 61.6 to 62.8 m, ~ 1.2 m wide X X X GRANITE from 62.8 to 67.2 m, ~ 4.3 m wide ^b PEGMATITE DIKE from 63.7 to 64.3 m, ~ 0.6 m wide xjn x 65- x x 175.2 3> PEGMATITE DIKE from 65.1 to 65.8 m, - 0.7 m wide - X _ X X : X ^ 7^ PEGMATITE DIKE from 67.1 to 68.3 m, ~ 1.2 m wide r$ _ x x X GRANITE from 68.3 to 105.9 m, ~ 37.6 m wide X X X x x 70 X 170.2- X X X X X X _ X X X _ X X X _ X X X X X O X 2 X X _, CO _ X UJ m n - 74.1 ^ X X ^ 0 X UJ -----, LL x x m n ' 74.7 o 75 _ < 165.2- SCHIST and GRANITE from 75.0 to 75.9 m, mixed schist Q_ x^ co and granite, possibly migmatite, coarse grained, ~ 0.9 m P ~ I/J^S UJ o wide X X CO 1 X UJ _ x x to CD X cr CO X X UJ EC X UJ _ X x UJ UJ _ £Y^ ~^-^4 1 PEGMATITE DIKE from 78.3 to 78.9 m, - 0.6 m wide z X X LU X o I X X X 1 160.2- g] 80 x x Q X ^ X X X §s PEGMATITE DIKE from 81.4 to 81.7 m, - 0.3 m wide - X ^^v m n s 82.5 PEGMATITE DIKE from 82.3 to 83.2 m, ~ 0.9 m wide - PEGMATITE DIKE from 83.5 to 84.4 m, ~ 0.9 m wide

85 X X 155.2_ X X X - \zz%- PEGMATITE VEIN from 85.6 to 85.9 m, ~ 0.3 m wide s n P,s Bo.QC 4A - PEGMATITE VEIN from 86.1 to 86.3 m, ~ 20.0 cm wide X X X X X - ^-V PEGMATITE DIKE from 87.2 to 87.8 m, ~ 0.6 m wide X PEGMATITE VEIN from 88.1 to 88.2 m, ~ 10.0 cm wide - X

x x PEGMATITE VEIN from 88.8 to 89.0 m, ~ 20.0 cm wide ~ X 90 ~ X X 150.2 X X X X X X X

122 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire FSE1 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTL 3 ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. DC AC DCS DMP 91.43 * sr 148.77 =^-~. GRANITE continued to 105.9 m X APLITE DIKE at 91.8 m, ~ 15 cm wide X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 95 - X 145.2- X X X X X 0 ~~ X 2 X X UJ CO X X X Ul 0 X X X LL ^ o X UJ a. X X CO X UJ X X R X > X X ms O _ X ^ X X £ 100 J X ffi 140.2- X X CO 1- tr X Ul --->. 100.6 UJ X X H - X Ul X X 2. ^ X UJ~ -*<^x 2 ~~-T?- APLITE DIKE at 101.9 m, ~ 15 cm wide I X X 1-§ X t X X b Ul X Q X X X X X ~ X X X X 105 X X 135.2 X SCHIST from 105.9 to 107.6 m, chloritized, sulfide minerals, - ~ 1.7 m wide __ in? fi 1 139 fi BOTTOM of WELL at 107.6 m

APPENDIX 123 WELL NAME: FSE2

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

241.06 SAND from 0.7 to 4.3 m, ~ 3.6 m wide Q_

Q O r^ o> ^ O t ,c CO LU Q^ Q 25 O O CO 9 ° O or SAND and GRAVEL from 4.3 to 6.7, coarse gravel, ~ 2.4 m UJ 111 rr R wide o D Q_ pf 236.1- o rr o rr o LU CO Q_ Q_ UJ UJ 0 0 Q TILL from 6.7 to 7.3 m, clayey silty till with small gravels, ~ 0.6 m wide

10 231.1-

OT UJ O < 226.1 V) DC BEDROCK SURFACE at 15.1 m UJ

BOTTOM OF CASING at 17.07 m GRANITE from 17.1 to 62.0, medium to fine h h w 18.0 h m w 18.3 grained, 44.9 m wide (~ 20 cm long, (~ 1 cm wide) vertical white precipitate lines m m w 19.2 eminating from fractures at 18.0,18.3, and 25.4) 20 221.1- GRANITE from 17.1 to 20.1 m, yellowish brown, - 3.03 m wide GRANITE from 20.1 to 35.0 m, yellowish white granite, gradual contacts, ~ 14.9 m wide

25 216.1- h n w 25.3

GRANITE from 29.0 to 30.5 m, fine grained, muscovite, granite, - 1.5 m wide 30 211.1 -

124 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire FSE2 Continued FRAPTIIRF LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

.- ... -'V _.. _. DC AC DCS DMP X X GRANITE continued to 62.0 m ^ PEGMATITE from 31.0 to 31.4 m, - 0.4 m wide X X X X h n 32.0 X X X - - P 32.6 X X - X m P 33.2 X X X X X X X X GRANITE from ~ 35.0 to 42.0 m, extremely fine grained, 5wro 35 X X X O)*OJO>'j_ T1 pale green, ~ 7.0 m wide X X X h n w 35.7 X X X X X X h n 36.9 X X X X X X X X X X X X m w w,mf2 38.5 X X X 40 X 00OCDC X X X X X h n w 40.2 X X X X X x h m . 41.8 X X X P 42.1 GRANITE from 42.0 to 47.2 m, grayish, altered-looking, X X X fine grained, ~ 5.2 m wide X X X X IIIIi. X X X ALTITUDE,INMETERSSEAABOVELEVEL DEPTH,INMETERSBELOWTOPOFCASING " ' "= X X h n a,mf3 44.5 en£>. X oen X X - n P, e 45.1 X X X X X X m n e 46.0 X X X GRANITE from 47.2 to 48.0 m, yellowish white biotite- X X X muscovite, altered, ~ 0.8 m wide X s m a 47.6 X X s m a,b 47.7 X ^ X X s n a,p,b 48.0 X X x BIOTITE SCHLIEREN at 49.1 m in granite (not shown) X X X X x x X X X "\ X s n a 50.8 x x ^-- X m n 0 51.4 X X m m 51.5 X ~" n- PEGMATITE DIKE from 52.4 to 52.7 m, ~ 0.3 m wide x^^. PEGMATITE VEIN at 52.1 m, ~ 15 cm X X X - X X X X PEGMATITE VEIN at 54.3 m, ~ 5 cm wide X 55 X X X x x PEGMATITE DIKE from 55.5 to 56.1 m, ~ 0.6 m wide ^> s n o,j 55.8 X X x x X s m a,b 56.7 X X s n a 57.0 n P 57.3 SCHIST XENOLITH at 57.3 m, fine grained, ~ 0.3 m long S=3E PEGMATITE VEIN at 58.0 m, narrow, diffuse, ~ 4.0 cm wide _ X PEGMATITE VEIN at 58.2 m, - 20 cm wide PEGMATITE DIKE from 58.6 to 59.5 m, ~ 0.9 m wide X X en ^~ X PEGMATITE DIKE from 60.2 to 60.4 m, ~ 0.2 m wide .^^ ** 181.1 &-_ APLITE VEIN at 60.7 m, ~ 15 cm wide -K K-

APPENDIX 125 FSE2 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. 6095- «««- DC AC DCS DMP X 1 OV. 1 C- GRANITE continued to 62.0 m X X X PEGMATITE VEIN at 61.3 m, ~ 15 cm wide PEGMATITE VEIN AT 61.6 m, ~ 5 cm wide _ ^ PEGMATITE DIKE from 62.0 to 63.6 m, ~ 1.6 m wide ^y GRANITE from 63.6 to 65.8 m, yellowish gray, coarse grained, X X X biotite, muscovite, ~ 2.2 m wide X 65- ^^ 176.1- PEGMATITE DIKE from 64.6 to 65.0 m, ~ 0.4 m wide X x x

PEGMATITE DIKE from 65.8 to 67.2 m, ~ 1.4 m wide _ ££ ~ X X X X X GRANITE from 67.2 to 102.4 m, same as above, ~ 35.2 m X X X wide X _ _ X v ^^^^~"'-- X m n 69.0 _ X X X 70 x x 171.1 X X X X

X X X X X X X X _ X X X _ X CD X X Z X _l in x x UJ ^ ^ X > o X X Ul a. x O ,,-_ x x uj 166.1 Q. '3 X CO X X Ul e X x x o X m 1 " X X UJ X CO CO X X tr CO X UJ tr X X Ul X PEGMATITE VEIN at 78.1 m, ~ 7 cm wide uj ~5C z z ^\v LU x" s*\ o PEGMATITE DIKE from 78.6 to 79.5 m, ~ 0.9 m wide ~>r<- ^) X X | 161.1 gj 80 >

126 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire FSE2 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. ^ DC AC DCS DMP X X GRANITE continued to 102.4 m x qo c n 9£.tJ X X m X X X X X X X X X X X X X 95 X X 146.1 O X Z X X UJ w _ X ^ X X UJ O X _J LU X X ^ X UJ O CO 0. X X X UJ e X X O -. X m m n e 98.0 1 - X X CO UJ _ X X CO cc '^r^Fi UJ SCHIST from 99.1 to 99.4 m, dusky yellowish brown, fine 77? UJ $ 100- X X 2 141.1 grained, mafic matrix with felsic augens, ~ 0.3 m wide UJ z X X SCHIST from 99.6 to 99.8 m, dusky yellowish brown, fine ^ X UJ z - X X Q"^ grained, mafic matrix with felsic augens, ~ 0.2 m wide X I X X H X Q. X X UJ g Q PEGMATITE DIKE from 102.4 to 105.2 m, ~ 2.8 m wide

^ h 1lUo.D no a GRANITE from 105.2 to 105.7 m, coarse grained, ~ 0.5 m 105 ^ 136.1- wide X X SCHIST from 105.7 to 107.2 m, fine grained, augened, &/ - 1.5 m wide - :^=^ s n mf2 106.7 GRANITE from 107.1 to 108.0 m, coarse grained, biotite- >r^C muscovite, ~ 0.9 m %X X X 133.5 BOTTOM of WELL at 108.0 m ma n_ X

APPENDIX 127 WELL NAME: FSE3

LITHOLOGY FRACTURE DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES o 241.01 Q. SAND from 0.70 to 5.3 m, fine to medium sand and some Q gravel, ~ 4.6 m wide O L^ O) ^ O -3» . EPTHTOMIDPOir PERTURECODE( ESCRIPTORS(DS belowoftopcas O

LU 236.0- Q TILL from 5.3 to 14.6 m, silty, clayey, and sandy, ~ 9.3 m wide O O Q_ Q Q Q

10 231 .C

BEDROCK SURFACE at 14.6 m 226.i

BOTTOM OF CASING at 18.59 m SCHIST from 18.6 to 21.3 m, grayish, blackish brown, fine h w w,mf2 19.5 grained, biotite-quartz-muscovite-feldspar schist, ~ 2.7 m 20 221.0- wide

h n e,mf3 21.6 QUARTZITE or quartz-rich granite from 21.3 to 24.8 m, brownish, fine grained, equigranular, ~ 3.5 m wide

GRANITE from 24.8 to 50.2 m, muscovite granite, ~ 25.4 m m m mf2 24.8 25 216.0- wide GRANITE from 24.8 to 27.0 m, gneissic texture, gradual contact with the granite below, ~ 2.2 m wide m n - 26.4

- - P 29.6 30 211.0-

128 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire FSE3 Continued

LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

, 1 * _,.. DC AC DCS DMP X X GRANITE continued to 50.2 m X X X h n 31.7 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X V X X h n d 34.8 35 X X X 206.0- X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X ^^. s/m m o, a 38.0 =3*= ^~~TC PEGMATITE VEIN from 38.3 to 38.5 m, - 0.2 m wide X X X 0 X h n d ' X X 40 X X X 201.0- X X X X X X X X X ,_ X ^s: PEGMATITE VEIN at 42.1 m, ~ 5 cm wide 0 X 2 _ X X Ul X W X X UJ _l PEGMATITE VEIN at 43.6 m, ~ 2 cm wide O w w PEGMATITE VEIN at 43.9 m, ~ 5 cm wide u_ UJ o X X V) Q. PEGMATITE VEIN at 44.2 m, ~ 4 cm wide X UJ h n d 44.8 P 45 p^s*- S 196.0- PEGMATITE DIKE from 44.8 m, to 45.3 m, ~ 0.5 m wide 00 § X X g _ X w X X o: 00^ ~.\ K*^ UJ xife_,X- I- h n 46.9 SCHIST/GNEISS from 46.3 to 47.2 m, dusky greenish or ~ LU UJ P 47.2 brown, coarse grained, ~ 0.9 m wide P 47.5 LU X X h n - 47.8 X UJ 2 Q ^^ h m d,b,e 48 '5 X D H- I - X X X m n a 48.9 t X X t ^ UJ X ° 50 191.0- ^^ m m P 50.4 SCHIST from 50.2 to 52.0 m, gneissic texture, - 1.8 m wide

x^x xj^t _ <^ X 1J. GRANITE from 52.0 to 106.2 m, greenish grayish white biotite- _ X X X muscovite granite, ~ 54.2 m wide _ X X X X X X X ~ X X X 55 X X ~-^^ X 186.0- s m a 55.0 X X X __ X X X _ X X X X X X ~ X X X X X - . - X P 58.2

__ X ^^ m n o, a 59.0 X X _ X X X 60 X 181.0 ~ m n o,a,mf3 60.1 X X PEGMATITE VEIN at 60.6 m, ~ < 20 cm wide

APPENDIX 129 FSE3 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. 60.95- x ion-n« DC AC DCS DMP ~ X X GRANITE continued to 66.8 m ** X " PEGMATITE VEIN at 61.8 m, ~ 4 cm wide X X __ *_

* X PEGMATITE VEIN at 62.5 m, ~ 5 cm wide - PEGMATITE VEIN at 62.8 m, ~ 10 cm wide ^ PEGMATITE VEIN at 63.1 m, ~ 5 cm wide X v PEGMATITE DIKE from 63.4 to 64.0 m, ~ 0.6 m wide X X X 176.0- PEGMATITE VEIN at 64.3 m, ~ 5 cm wide V * PEGMATITE VEIN at 64.6 m, ~ 10 cm wide - ^ PEGMATITE VEIN at 65.0 m, ~ 10 cm wide x x PEGMATITE VEIN at 65.3 m, ~ 5 cm wide PEGMATITE DIKE from 65.7 to 66.4 m, ~ 0.7 m wide - ^ PEGMATITE DIKE at 66.8 to 68.6 m, ~ 1.8 m wide x x GRANITE from 68.6 to 75.4 m, same as above, ~ 6.8 m wide X _ X X X 70 X X 171.0 _ X PEGMATITE VEIN at 70.7 m, ~ 4 cm wide - X X X X X X x x _ X X X _ X 0 X X Z X ^ x x UJ *f > x UJ o X X U. X rf x x 2 75- x $ 166.0

\*"\ UJ PEGMATITE DIKE from 75.4 to 77.0 m, ~ 1.6 m wide \^*N > e o 1 : v^^^ m UJ _ fL\S CO m X X cc GRANITE from 77.0 to 86.2 m, same as above, ~ 9.2 m wide UJ CO X tr X X UJ UJ _ X UJ _ x x X z fc X X UJ* z X x x Q i X 2 X X S] 80- X 5 161.0- Q x x X _ X X X - x x X PEGMATITE VEIN at 82.0 m, ~ 4 cm wide ~ X X X X X X ~*^ x - PEGMATITE DIKE from 83.4 to 84.1 m, ~ 0.7 m wide

X X X 85 X 156.0- X X

X X X X - PEGMATITE DIKE from 86.2 to 87.7 m, ~ 1.5 m wide

-

X X GRANITE from 87.7 to 106.2 m, ~ 18.5 m wide X x x X X X X ~ x x 90 ~ X X X 151.0- _ X x x _ X X X

130 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire FSE3 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. DC AC DCS DMP ^

X X GRANITE continued to 106.2 m X -_ X X m n a 92.1 X X X X X X X X X X X X X ,_ 95 - X X 146.0- O J^ 2 X X Ul w X ^ X X UJ o X _J U. ~ X X ^ 0 _J X UJ 0. J£- w APLITE DIKE from 97.3 to 97.6 m, - 0.3 m wide x UJ X X o m n pf 98.1 5 OR ^ O -T< %<. m n on contact 9O.O SCHIST from 98.0 to 98.5 m, dusky greenish brown, & to cc extremely fine grained ~ 0.5 m wide 3 3P£^\ . PC Ul w _-^c PEGMATITE DIKE from 98.8 to 99.4 m, ~ 0.4 m wide a: X UJ £ 100 X X ^ 141.0- X UJ "^2 X X UJ" X 2 - X X o X X X X e t X UJ X X b a X X X X X X _ X ~ X X X PEGMATITE VEIN at 104.5 m, ~ 5 cm wide X X 105 136.0- - ££*r?7 SCHIST from 105.2 to 105.5 m, biotite- and quartz- rich with X X X some sulfide minerals and trace garnet, extremely fine - ^/ grained, ~ 0.3 m wide SCHIST from 106.2 to 108.2 m, dusky greenish brown biotite- ^^ - m m 107.4 quartz, some sulfide minerals, trace garnet, - 2.0 m wide mo o~ 1 1328 BOTTOM OF WELL at 108.2 m

APPENDIX 131 WELL NAME: FSE4

FRACTURE DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES 241.26 tL OVERBURDEN, UNDIFFERENTIATED, from 0.55 to Q 14.8 m, ~ 14.5 m wide O r*"' a ^ O CO ?i LU Q^ Q £8 o O CO 9 ° O rr ^ o LU PERTURE ESCRIPTO 236.3- Q 0 IIJ Q) 0 ^ ^^ Q_ LU Q Q Q

10 231.1

CO 1UJ 15 < 226.3 BEDROCK SURFACE at 14.9 m CO QC

BOTTOM OF CASING at 18.3 m h n xf 18.6 - n P 18.9 h n 19.2 SCHIST from 18.3 to 22.2 m, dusky yellowish reddish brown, * n P 19.5 20 221.3- extremely fine grained ~ 3.9 m wide - m m xf 21.3

PEGMATITE DIKE from 22.2 to 22.6 m, creamy white, m n w,e,mf2 23.0 X X ~ 0.4 m wide X X X GRANITE from 22.6 to 60.1 m, yellowish light gray, biotite- X X X muscovite medium to coarse grained, ~ 37.5 m wide X X X 25 X 216.3 h n/m w,mf2 25.0 X X X X X X m n 26.2 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 30 X m m w 30.0 X X 211.3-

132 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire FSE4 Continued

LITHOLOGY FRACTURES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

DC AC DCS DMP "" X X X GRANITE continued to 60.1 m, coarse grained X X X X X X X - m n - 32.2 X X X X X X X X X X X - - J.P 34.7 X X X 35 X X X 206.3 PEGMATITE DIKE from 35.3 to 36.0 m, ~ 0.7 m wide *&\ h n - 36.0 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X h n d 39.0 X X X GRANITE from 39.6 to 42.7 m, altered, ~ 3.1 m wide 40 X 201.3- X X - X h mf2 40.2 X X X X X h n d,mf4 41.4

X h n d,e 41.8 X X h n . X 42.1 O - 42.7 z _ X X III h n X CO < X X UJ - - P 43.4 O X - X X u. X UJ O M m w o,e,j,mf2 44.2 X m n b 44.7 .&.C71 CDo> CO ETERSTOPBELOW X X 11i, X INMETERSABOVE X X X X X X X X X X X X X X h m d,mf3 47.9 5 X Ul s s b 48.1 2 X X Q X X X (- X b i " X X Ul X m m a 49.7 X X ° 50- X 191.3- ^\ m n 50.3 PEGMATITE VEIN at 50.6 m, ~ 7 cm wide -A V X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 55 X X X 186.3- m w o,mf2 55.2 X X X ~-^~-. m n a 55.8 X X ><~ PEGMATITE from 56.6 to 56.9 m, ~ 0.3 m wide

X _ X X - APLITE DIKE from 57.3 to 57.6 m, - 0.3 m wide X X X -Jf- .

X PEGMATITE DIKE from 58.5 to 58.7 m, - 0.2 m wide X X APLITE DIKE from 59.4 to 59.7 m, ~ 0.3 m wide 60 -r*~ 181.3 \^ PEGMATITE AND APLITE from 60.1 to 64.9 m, ~ 4.8 m wide PEGMATITE from 60.1 to 61.6 m, ~ 1.6 m wide

APPENDIX 133 FSE4 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. 60.95 , 1ftn ,^ DC AC DCS DMF PEGMATITE and APLITE continued to 64.9 m ^ APLITE at 61.6 m, ~ 15 cm wide \^ ^ APLITE at 62.8 m, ~ 15 cm wide s n a,o,b \ 63.3 APLITE at 63.1 m, ~ 0.6 m wide \/\x APLITE at 64.3 to 64.6 m, - 0.3 m wide

65 176.3- GRANITE from 64.9 to 98.8 m, greenish grayish white, coarse X X X grained, biotite-muscovite granite, ~ 33.9 m wide X X X _ X X X X X X X APLITE VEIN at 67.8 m, ~ 5 cm wide

X X X 'X~~ X APLITE VEIN at 68.8 m, ~ 15 cm wide X _ X X X 70 171.3 X m n 70.5 X ^____^, m n - 70.9 "~ X X - X - X X p 71.3 X X X - X 7O O APLITE DIKE from 72.7 to 73.0 m, ~ 0.3 m wide '/ h n 1 C..O O ~ X X s n . 73.4 X X 111 - 1 - V h n/s 74.1 o ^c^S^ ^* PEGMATITE DIKE from 74.1 to 75.0 m, ~ 0.9 m wide u. § 0 ,,-__ 2i 166.3 Q. '3 X C/3 X X UJ APLITE DIKE from 75.6 to 76.0 m, - 0.4 m wide -x K- g 0 O X _J X X ^ UJ X w m X X tr k^~ . »^_ w X UJ m n a,o 77.4 IT X X UJ _ X UJ ^ UJ X X z X ^ X X z X UJ X X Q I X 3 X X PEGMATITE DIKE from 80.8 to 81.5 m, with chill margins, Si 80 X 5 161.3- Q X X <£ - 0.7 m wide X ^&<

X PEGMATITE VEIN at 89.0 m, ~ 15 cm wide ~ X X X 90 "~ X 151.3 X X GRANITE from 90.8 to 91.1 m, altered, and decomposed _ X x x ~~>^ -.V ~ 0.3 m wide " 91.1 X X s n a ^B

134 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire FSE4 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. 91.43 - DC AC DCS DMP 149.8 GRANITE continued to 98.8 m GRANITE from ~ 92.0 to 98.8 m, fine grained, gradual upper contact, ~ 6.8 m wide BIOTITE SCHLIEREN at 92.5 m PEGMATITE DIKE from 93.9 to 94.3 m, ~ 0.4 m wide

95 - 146.3 - PEGMATITE DIKE from 95.5 to 95.7 m, - 0.2 m wide

PEGMATITE DIKE from 98.1 to 98.3 m, ~ 0.2 m wide SCHIST from 98.8 to 110.9 m, greenish brown, coarse grained to gneissic, with augens and felsic-rich zones -12.1 m 100 141.3- wide GRANITE DIKE from 100.6 to 100.9 m, ~ 0.3 m wide

PEGMATITE DIKE from 101.5 to 101.8 m, ~ 0.3 m 101.8

LU FELSIC RICH ZONE from 104.6 to 106.0 m, - 1.4 m wide 105 J 136.3-

PEGMATITE DIKE from 106.4 to 106.7 m, ~ 0.3 m wide

LIJ PEGMATITE DIKE from 109.7 to 110.0 m, ~ 0.3 m wide 110 - § 131.3-1

PEGMATITE DIKE from 110.9 to 112.2 m, ~ 1.3 m

SCHIST from 112.2 to 115.2 m, ~ 3.0 m wide

PEGMATITE from 114.9 to 115.2 m, ~ 0.3 m wide 126.3- 115 - GNEISS from 115.2 to 127.0 m, gradual contacts, coarse grained muscovites and biotites, weak foliation, felsic-rich, ~ 11.8 m wide

PEGMATITE DIKE from 118.6 to 119.0 m, ~ 0.4 m wide 120 121.3

APPENDIX 135 FSE4 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. ,< o« DC AC DCS DMP 1 1 C7.OJ f£ GNEISS continued to 127.0 m PEGMATITE at 123.6 m, - 15 cm wide

jl s n xf 124.5 125 116.3 X X

SCHIST from 127.0 to 147.2, ~ 20.2 m wide fc? SCHIST from 127.0 to 134.0 m, coarse grained, to gneissic, weak banding, some augens, ~ 7.0 m wide

130 111.3-

FELSIC VEIN at 131.2 m, cross-cuts foliation of schist ~ 4 cm wide

11Ii

- . m w xf 134.4 SCHIST from 134.0 to 139.0 m, fine to coarse grained, some banding ~ 5.0 m wide COen i r TERSBELOWTOPOFCASING METERSLEVELABOVESEA

SCHIST from 139.0 to 144.2 m, gneissic texture, ~ 5.2 m LLJ "^ wide 5 140 -.101.3- Z 0 PEGMATITE at 139.4 m, cross-cutting weak foliation of vy 0 i I D schist, ~ 15cm wide t- ~~ Q. LiJ wvv QUARTZITE layers at 140.2 m, in schist ~ 4 cm Q _ |

i PEGMATITE from 143.2 to 143.5 m, ~ 0.3 m wide ~

m s a.xf 144.2 SCHIST from 144.2 to 147.2 m, fine to coarse grained, ~ 3.0 m wide 145 96.3-

PEGMATITE DIKE from 147.2 to 148.4 m, ~ 1.2 m wide

SCHIST from 148.4 to 174.3 m, ~ 25.9 m wide I SCHIST from 148.4 to 159.5 m, gneissic texture, ~ 11.1 m ~ wide 150 91.3 ~^0^ PEGMATITE or FELSIC ZONE from 150.6 to 151.0 m, coarse grained, gradual contacts, parallel to foliation of w schist, ~ 0.4 m wide ~~ %

136 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire FSE4 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. DC AC DCS DMP tf-.\J& SCHIST continued to 176.8 m

155 86.3

SCHIST from 159.5 to 167.6 m, fine grained, with felsic-rich 160 81.3 zones, ~ 8.1 m wide SCHIST from 161.0 to 162.3 m, extremely fine grained schist with felsic stringers up to 2 cm in width, ~ 1.3 m wide

_

165 -i 76.3- LU _ ^ > vvw tii SCHIST from 167.6 to 170.7 m, biotite-rich matrix with felsic augens, ~ 3.1 m wide ALTITUDE,METERSINABOVESEA

^~

^i 1 CO SCHIST from 170.7 to 174.3 m, felsic rich, ~ 3.6 m wide 170 \

SCHIST from 174.3 to 187.1 m, gneissic to coarse grained, some zones very weakly foliated, ~ 12.8 m wide FELSIC VEIN from 174.3 to 174.5 m, 0.2 m wide 175 i 66.3-

1 QUARTZITE from 176.8 to 178.6 m, orange, green, brown h n xf 77.4 layers steeply dipping foliation fine grained, ~ 1.8 m wide

SCHIST from 178.6 to 182.2 m, - 3.6 m wide

180 61.3-

PEGMATITE or FELSIC ZONE from 182.2 to 183.2 m, I>^ gradual contacts - 1.0 m wide

APPENDIX 137 FSE4 Continued

FRACTURE LITHCDLO GY FRACTL 5 ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. 182.87_ m in DC AC DCS DMP ^ PEGMATITE continued to 183.2 m SCHIST from to 183.2 to 187.1 m, ~ 3.9 m wide

185 _ 56.3 -

QUARTZITE LAYERS from 187.1 to 188.7 m, green, yellow ---' m n - 187.1 _ and brown layers, extremely fine grained, ~ 1.6 m long

SCHIST from 188.7 to 229.2 m, ~ 40.5 m wide

190 _ 51.3 -

SCHIST from 191.7 to 197.5 m, felsic rich, fine to coarse "--^ m n xf,mf2 191.9 grained, ~ 5.8 m wide _

_

195 _ 46.3 _j UJ

_jUJ < UJ CO UJ SCHIST from 197.5 to 199.6 m, fine grained biotite-rich O m matrix with felsic augens and weak banding, gradual < contacts above and below, ~ 2.1 m wide CO DC UJ t: SCHIST from 199.6 to 204.0 m, felsic-rich, fine to coarse 200 _ 2 41.3 z grained, ~ 4.4 m wide uf Q D

<

QUARTZITE from 204.0 to 204.8 m, green, yellow and brown layers, ~ 0.8 m long 205 36.3 SCHIST from 204.8 to 205.7 m, gneissic texture, ~ 0.9 m wide SCHIST from 205.7 to 206.3 m, fine grained, biotite-rich matrix with felsic augens, (gradual contacts above and below), ~ 0.6 m wide SCHIST from 206.3 to 208.5 m, felsic-rich, some banding, mostly coarse grained SCHIST from 208.5 to 214.0 m, fine grained, biotite-rich - S* h n mf2 . 209.4 matrix with felsic augens and some banding, fine to coarse 210 31.3 grained, ~ 5.5 m wide

^

138 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire FSE4 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. __.. DC AC DCS DMP 213.35 '& e.i .v\ SCHIST continued to 229.2 m QUARTZITE from 214.0 to 214.3 m, yellow, green and brown layers, extremely fine grained, ~ 0.3 m wide 215 26.3- SCHIST from 214.3 to 220.3 m, coarse to gneissic texture, weakly foliated felsic augens, ~ 6.0 m wide

LU CO < o LU 219.7 QUARTZITE from 220.3 to 221.0 m, ~ 0.7 m wide fe 220 LU 21.3 P Q. CO O LU SCHIST from 221.0 to 229.5 m, gneissic, weakly foliated, with augens, - 8.5 m wide 2 LU ALTITUDE,METERSINABOV CQ CO I tt LU -~~-^ m n xf 223.4

^05 I t 225 DOCO LU Q

BOTTOM of WELL at 229.5 m 229.5 -

APPENDIX 139 WELL NAME: FSE5

LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

242.36 CL

Q SAND and COBBLES from 0.7 to 5.9 m, brown, medium and O ^.^ uir °> ^ ^t 'wc coarse sand, - 5.2 m wide o>O LU Q, Q oQ- "8 O O C/5 Q 0 O DC TOEPTHl\^ Q. belowto LiJ PERTURE ESCRIPTO Q 237.4- O O UNCONSOLIDATED DEPOSITS, from 5.9 to 7.4 m, Q. undifferentiated, 1.5 m wide Q Q Q

SAND from 7.4 to 9.8 m, fine to coarse sand, ~ 2.4 m wide

10 232.* TILL from 9.8 to 13.2 m, ~ 3.4 m wide

BEDROCK SURFACE at 13.2 m

8 15 < 227, V)GC UJ fc BOTTOM OF CASING at 16.92 m GRANITE from 16.9 to 50.4 m, grayish white, fine to coarse grained, weakly foliated, biotite-muscovite granite with few n P 18.2 to trace garnets, ~ 33.5 m wide.

m n 0 19.5 m n 0 19.7 20 222.4-

h m - 20.8

h m 0 21.9 h n 0 22.1

h n - 23.1

25 217.4 h n 25.4 m m - 25.8 h n mf2 26.1

h n 28.2 h n . 28.8 m w mf2,b 28.9 - w z,e,j,o 29.2 (Fracture zone extends from 29.08 to 29.4 m)

30 212.4- s w 0 30.0

140 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire FSE5 Continued FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

DC AC DCS DMP 30.47- 211.89 GRANITE continued to 50.4 m s n - 31.2

h n d 32.3 m n 32.5 h n - 32.7 h n . 33.6 s w 0 33.7

35 -x x , 206. h w mf5,j,e 35.0 X h n mf2 35.4

h m mf2 38.2

s m 39.3

40 - x 201.9- s m 39.9

h w mf5,e 41.6 h m . 42.1 PEGMATITE VEIN at 42.5 m, ~ 3 cm wide s n -" 42.4 s n 42.6 m n 43.2 PEGMATITE VEIN at 43.4 m, - 5 cm wide

45 - 196.9-

PEGMATITE VEIN from 46.4 to 47.2 m ???, ~ 5 cm wide

PEGMATITE VEIN at 47.0 m, - 9 cm wide

PEGMATITE DIKE from 47.8 to 48.1 m, ~ 0.3 m wide

PEGMATITE VEIN at 49.6 m, ~ 3 cm wide 50 191.9- PEGMATITE DIKE from 50.4 to 53.3 m, muscovite, feldspar, quartz and some garnets, ~ 2.9 m wide

m m 52.6 m m 53.0 GRANITE from 53.3 to 56.8 m, grayish white, fine to coarse grained, weakly foliated, biotite-muscovite granite, with some garnets, ~ 3.5 m wide. 186.9- PEGMATITE DIKE from 54.8 to 55.7 m, muscovite, feldspar m n - 55.8 and quartz, ~ 0.9 m wide

PEGMATITE VEIN at 56.2 m, ~ 6 cm wide

PEGMATITE DIKE from 56.8 to 59.0 m, ~ 2.2 m wide

60 181.9- s n J 60.0 GRANITE from 59.0 to 61.3 m, grayish white, fine to coarse - grained, weakly foliated, biotite-muscovite granite, ~ 2.3 m n P 60.6 wide. 181.1- BOTTOM OF WELL AT 61.26 m APPENDIX 141 WELL NAME: FSE6

FRAPTl IRF LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

242.88- Q. FILL and ROCKS from 0.7 to 1.8 m, ~ 1.1 m wide Q O _^^ r^ o) GRAVEL from 1.8 to 3.7 m, brown, fine and sand, ^ O ^ 0) ~ 1.9 m wide LU Q, Q 02 O V) go O O CC TILL from 3.7 to 19.5 m, silty and compact, - 15.8 m LU PERTURE ESCRIPTO wide 237.9- Q !~ o O f^ * Till from 3.7 to 12.5 m, brown, silty till, ~ 8.8 m wide 0 Q. LU Q Q Q

10 232.9-

Till from 12.5 to 19.5 m, gray, silty till, ~ 7.0 m wide

15 1 < 227.9-

20 222.9- BEDROCK SURFACE at 20.2 m. Cuttings of schist and large muscovite flakes

BOTTOM OF CASING at 22.6 m GRANITE from 22.6 to 32.6 m, yellowish white, muscovite, biotite, quartz and feldspar, ~ 10.0 m m n 24.4 wide m m - 24.5 25 217.9_ GRANITE from 22.6 to 29.0 m, medium to coarse h m . 25.6 grained, ~ 6.4 m wide m n - 25.9 FELSIC STRINGERS at 26.0 m associated with 2 parallel fractures separated by ~ 7 cm.

GRANITE from 29.0 to 29.9 m, fine grained, with m n d,P 28.6 weak, near vertical foliation of biotite and muscovite, gradational contacts top and bottom, 30 212.9 ~ 0.9 m wide h - a, d 30.5 (Diffuse looking fracture at 30.5 m)

142 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire FSE6 Continued

LITHOLOGY FRACTURES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. ATTRIBUTES DC AC DCS DMP tiVtiA X GRANITE continued to 32.6 m X X X GRANITE from 30.5 to 31.7 m, mottled-looking texture, X X altered, ~ 1.2 m wide x lfx_ SCHIST AND GRANITE at 31.7 m PEGMATITE from 32.0 to 32.6 m, biotites and muscovites h w 33.2 e in felsic matrix, 0.5 m wide m - 33.8 h SCHIST from 32.6 to 37.8 m, gray, fine grained, steeply h - 34.1 n dipping foliation, ~ 5.2 m wide 35 207.9 _ h n mf2 34.4 - h f 35.0 (steeply dipping fracture from 36.0 to 36.3 m with 3 parallel, s n - 36.0 near horizontal, fractures abutting) h n/w a,p,y,mf3 36.1 SCHIST from 36.0 m to 37.3 m, extremely fine grained, 1*v biotite-rich, trace pyrite, grading to more felsic fine grained %*y. schist, ~ 1.3 m wide * V MIGMATITE from 37.8 to 44.2 m, ~ 6.4 m wide PEGMATITE from 40.0 to 40.1 m, with trace pyrite ~ 0.2 m 40 202.9 wide iX X MELANOSOME from 40.1 to 41.2 m, swirled foliated biotites in felsic matrix, predominantly mafic, ~ 1.1 m wide ~" % m n - 41.7 LEOCOSOME from 41.2 to 41.8 m, predominantly felsic, & ~ 0.6 m wide -I HI SCHIST and GRANITE from 41.8 to 42.1 m, ~ 0.3 m wide % § SCHIST from 42.1 to 42.4 m, trace pyrite, - 0.3 m wide 4X X LEOCOSOME from 42.4 to 42.8 m, ~ 0.6 m wide, predomi­ 111 nantly felsic swirled foliated biotites in felsic matrix from UJ 45 - 0-197.9- 42.8 to 43.3 m, ~ 0.5 m wide CO X X< LEOCOSOME from 43.3 to 44.2 m, predominantly felsic, h - d 45.7 \X CO ?*x cc ~ 0.9 m wide LU SCHIST from 44.2 to 45.4 m, gray to black, mostly fine X X LU X X X 2 grained, near vertical foliation, top: gradational contact, X z bottom: sharp, embayed and wavy contact with igneous X X LU X Q rocks, - 1.2 m wide X X D X X X PEGMATITE 45.4 to 45.6 m grading into granite below, X X X < ~ 0.2 m wide 50 192.9_ GRANITE from 45.6 to 49.7 m, coarse grained, - 4.1 m wide (Fracture at 45.7 m is 0.15 m below contact with pegmatite) SCHIST XENOLITH from 46.3 to 46.6 m on one side of the well, ~ 0.3 m wide

PEGMATITE from 49.7 to 53.4 m, ~ 3.4 m wide

X GRANITE from 53.4 to 63.9 m, with some swirling foliated 1X X X X X biotite, ~ 10.8 m wide X FELSIC DIKE from 55.5 to 55.8 m, - 0.3 m wide 55 X X 187.9- h n - 54.9 X ,x _x "x~~x

X §*<^ PEGMATITE OR APLITE from 56.4 to 56.7 m, 0.3 m wide

X X ^v^X PEGMATITE from 57.3 to 57.6 m, 0.3 m wide X x x ^^ X X PEGMATITE from 58.2 to 58.5 m, 0.3 m wide X X X X 60 X X *£? 182.9- PEGMATITE from 60.0 to 60.3 m, 0.3 m wide X X X

APPENDIX 143 FSE6 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. DC AC DCS DMP 61.5- 181.4 GRANITE continued to 63.9 m PEGMATITE from 61.6 to 61.7 m, ~ 0.2 m wide PEGMATITE from 61.9 to 62.2 m, ~ 0.3 m wide

SCHIST from 63.9 to 68.0 m, fine grained, with trace of pyrite

_ s d 64.6 and sulfur-rich smell, ~ 4.1 m wide > 177.9 (fracture dipping from 63.4 to 64.9 m) h m mf2,d,e 65.8

GRANITE from 68.0 to 71.6 m, biotite-muscovite, equigranular, fine grained, ~ 3.6 m wide

70- 172.9-

SCHIST from 71.6 to 74.4 m, biotite-rich, fine grained, strongly foliated, banded, ~ 2.8 m wide SCHIST from 71.6 to 73.0 m, fine grained, ~ 1.4 m wide

PEGMATITE from 73.0 to 73.3 m, ~ 0.3 m wide SCHIST from 73.3 to 74.4 m, coarse grained, 1.1 m wide GRANITE from 74.4 to 75.3 m, ~ 0.9 m wide 75 167.9- SCHIST from 75.3 to 76.2 m, banded, ~ 0.9 m wide

BOTTOM OF WELL at 76.2 m 166.7-

144 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire DEPTH, IN METERS BELOW TOP OF CASING m

i 1 | , | , | , | , | , | , | , 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i i i 1 , | 1 i 1 O X<^hx X X X )0 ro ro K w ro 4i. m ro ro ro rj CO r>0 *J ro J ro r-1 ro c^o ^^1 1 CO CO CO CO CO 3J f 1 O / / Ik / :^^^^H tM C m 05 3 CO CO (0 3 DIP CODE (DC) 3 => 3 5 3 APERTURE CODE (AC) 3g

p CD P 0 0 DESCRIPTORS (DSC) ODH CT CD CT CC m m ro ro ro ro C/5 CD > o o CO > 5 O H 0 ^ CO z z Z m s o o o J> H H <_ 3 ~ m 3 H H H -» o * W CO X m m m JD o n (/) In o o W H m o g *k o m z o o o J3 O CO z* C 0* O i O 3 3 00 CO ^ Q} O r~ p> z m ro P- CO w H p c» V* o m b ja. I CO o' o ^1 o m CD O) S" 3 CD z 22. o> 2. S 3 13 cu bi o o "j 00 CD 22. ro ro w Q. O ro CO P3 ?* _fc i ro ro N'i. CT ro CO bi 3 co b CO CO cp_ ^i CO bi co 3 3 3 3 CD 5' 3 3 3 3 Q. 3 -^ _3 o 3 5" 3 8 5' 8 CD ... CU 0) CO O CD $ O a. ol 0 o CO ta CD CD 5' 0) » CD CD CO CD CD 8 CO CO CO E}3' cq CT 3 CD ex O Q) S S < ff-) CD 3' CD CD Q. ^. ^ A Q. 3 CD-I- ^j_ CD CD CO <-*. p. i Q. CD Q}5' _Q.

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. P11R1 DC AC DCS DMF ou.u X X "^ m m 0 30.9 GRANITE continued to 68.3 m, coarse grained, biotite-mus-

_ X covite X X ^ X SCHIST LENS at 31.1 m, narrow band of extremely fine X X X grained schist, ~ 15 cm wide X X - 9*' X SCHIST LENS at 33.5 m, narrow band of extremely fine X X X grained schist, ~ 20 cm wide

X X X 35 X X 207.3 - X X X X X X X X X _ X X X X X X X X X X X X X - X X SCHIST LENS at 40.0 m, narrow band of extremely fine 40 202.3- X .-______h m . 40.2 grained, biotite-rich, ~ 10 cm wide - X X X X X X ~ X X 0 X z X X 1 CO X LU GRANITE from 42.4 to 47.2 m, fine grained, ~ 4.8 m wide X X X LU o - ~J LL X X X 0 LU 0. X X CO X O ~ LU I- X X X 5 X X o g 45 X ^ 197.3 LU X X CO CO X LT co X X LU oc LU >& LU PEGMATITE from 46.3 to 47.2 m, gradual contacts above LU _ Y\-*> z 2 X X and below, ~ 0.9 m wide "^ ~ X LU X X Q X ~ x 4 t */*$ \- GRANITE from 47.2 to 57.9 m, medium to coarse grained, LU v^ ti Q < ~ 10.7 m wide X X X X 50 X X 192.3- X X X X X X X X X X X X _ X X X _ X X X ~ X X X X X X X 55 X X X 187.3 _ X X X X X X X X X X X ~ X X X X X X _ X X X GRANITE from 57.9 to 70.9 m, fine grained, ~ 13.0 m wide X X X "^^^ - - X m m 59.6 X X 60 ~ X 182.3 X X X X X

146 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire FSE7 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. DC AC DCS DMP OI.3 X X GRANITE continued to 68.3 m, fine grained, biotite-muscovite __ X X X to 68.3 m ___ X X X __ X X X ___ X X X X X X X X X X 177.3 _ PEGMATITIC VEIN at 64.9 m, gradual contact, ~ 20 cm 0 65 ~ X X X z - LU wide c/5^ ~~ ft PEGMATITIC VEIN at 65.8 m, gradual contact, ~ 5 cm 0 ^ -1 LL wide 0 _ LU X X Q. PEGMATITIC VEIN at 66.1 m, gradual contact, -5cm X LU U X X > wide X 0 3 PEGMATITIC VEIN at 66.4 m, gradual contact, - 5 cm wide _l§ : w LU ^_ QC SCHIST from 68.3 to 70.4 m, ~ 2.1 m wide, extremely fine LU w iV>y/ I- grained, biotite-rich schist, with some felsic augens and cc LU 2172.3 ^-^ m n 69.9 some felsic bands P 70- z LU ^*^s GRANITE from 70.4 to 76.5 m, leucocratic, coarse grained, X LU | _ X X Q ~ 6.1 m wide X I X X 1- X Q X X b LU X Q X X GRANITE from 72.2 to 72.5 m, fine grained, - 0.3 m wide X X X X X X _ X X X X X X 75 X 167.3 GRANITE from 75.0 to 75.3 m, fine grained, ~ 0.3 m wide ~ X X X BIOTITE SCHLIEREN at 75.9 m BOTTOM OF WELL at 76.5 m 7C K = ^ Ifififl

APPENDIX 147 WELL NAME: FSE8

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. ATTRIBUTES 0 242.27 Q. g. SAND from 0.5 to 7.1 m, brown, medium to coarse sand, with O , 0 cobbles, ~ 6.7 m wide ^ 0 C _C HI EPTHTOMIDPOir Q ESCRIPTORS(DS belowoftopcas 0 0 Q, O UJ UJ rr 237.J Q p O O r UJ Q_ Q. Q < Q O TILL from 7.1 to 12.0 m, - 4.9 m wide

10 232.C

BEDROCK SURFACE at 12.0 m - possibly

UJ BEDROCK SURFACE at 14.3 m - definitely O (very soft drilling from ~ 15 to ~ 18 m) 15' < 227.; CO cc UJ UJ 2 z UJ" O

20- 222.; BOTTOM OF CASING at 21.03 m GRANITE from 21.0 to 27.9 m, leucocratic, greater than 95% felsic minerals, some with iron staining, ~ 6.9 m wide h m 0 21.9 m n O 22.1 s n 0 22.7 w n 0 23.0 s . . 23.9 h n oj 24.1 h n o j 24.7 25 217.3- PEGMATITE from 25.3 to 26.2 m ~ 0.9 m wide

m n d,o 25.7 m n 26.0 SCHIST from 27.9 to 35.2 m, rusty brown, medium to coarse grained, with augens, steeply dipping, ~ 7.3 m wide GRANITE DIKE at 28.0 m, fine grained, ~ 7 cm wide GRANITE DIKE at 28.4 m, fine grained, - 5 cm wide m m (in gm) 28.2 APLITE at 28.7 m, extremely fine grained, ~ 25 cm wide SCHIST from 28.8 to 31.1 m, biotite-rich, coarse grained to gneissic texture, with augens, ~ 2.3 m wide 30 212.3

148 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire FSE8 Continued

LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTR{BUT|S DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

DC AC DCS DMP SCHIST continued to 35.2 m SCHIST from 31.1 to 35.2 m, coarse grained to gneissic, m w e,xf,mf3 31.6 felsic rich, banded, ~ 4.1 m wide

FELSIC ZONE from 33.2 to 33.5 m, felsic zone with a m n 33.4 m n 33.7 biotite schlieren in schist, ~ 0.3 m wide MIGMATITE from 35.2 to 42.0 m, zone of mixed rocks, 1.8 m wide 35 207.3- GRANITE DIKE from 35.2 to 35.7 m, ~ 0.5 m wide GRANITE DIKE from 36.2 to 36.6 m, ~ 0.4 m wide ^P** GRANITE DIKE from 37.2 to 38.1 m, oxidized, fine grained, aphanitic, equigranular, quartz and biotite, with trace sulfides on one side of well, coarse grained granite on the other side, ~ 0.9 m wide X x x GRANITE from 38.1 to 38.9 m, medium grained, felsic, ~ 0.8 m wide GNEISS 38.9 to 39.9 m, banded, gradational contact above 40 202.3 and below, ~ 1.0 m wide X x x GRANITE from 39.9 to 40.2 m greenish/grayish brown, aphanitic quartz and biotite, ~ 0.3 m wide GNEISS from 41.2 to 42.0 m, banded, lower contact m n Pf 42.1 gradational, ~ 0.8 m wide (39.3 to 39.9 m felsic rich,

HI ~ 0.6 m wide) i-^ UJ SCHIST from 42.0 to 50.9 m, rusty brown, coarse grained, ~ 8.9 m wide -^\ UJ ~ w PEGMATITE DIKE from 43.3 to 43.6 m, ~ 0.3 m wide UJ 45 0 197.3 }j& CO PEGMATITE DIKE from 44.8 to 45.3 m, ~ 0.5 m wide (f) X x cr UJ GRANITE DIKE from 46.0 to 46.3 m, ~ 0.3 m wide 1 UJ*

§

x x ~ _ h n 49.7 50 ~ 192.3- h n 50.0 ^£ GRANITE DIKE from 49.4 to 49.7 m, ~ 0.3 m wide PEGMATITE DIKE from 50.9 to 55.5 m, with prominent biotite flakes, ~ 4.6 m wide 1 55 ~ 187.3-

SCHIST from 55.5 to 61.2 m, coarse grained to gneissic texture, ~ 5.7 m wide SCHIST from 55.5 to 56.5 m, gneissic SCHIST from 56.5 to 61.2 m, gradually becomes more felsic with less foliation near the lower contact, APLITE DIKE at 57.9 m, - 5 cm wide 60 182.3

! APPENDIX 149 FSE8 Continued

FRACTURE ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. 'DC AC DCS DMP ~"m _ x 7t/ SCHIST continued to 61.2 m GRANITE from 61.2 to76.2 m, muscovite-biotite and trace _ X x x sulfides, - 15.0 m wide X X X PEGMATITE DIKE from 61.6 to 61.9 m, ~ 0.3 m wide X - X X X X X h n " 64 3 X X o X 1 65 X X uj 1 77.3- V X ^ s n * 65.2 0 x x § PEGMATITE VEIN at 65.8 m, ~ 3 cm wide u. X X UJ 0 X Q. CO UJ PEGMATITE VEIN at 66.6 m, ~ 6 cm wide O _ X X X o § X CO g _ X X X UJ CO CO - X X cc X UJ CO f"\ r~ h- r_j4 -r UJ 2 70 3K^"X -172.3- PEGMATITE DIKE from 69.4 to 69.7 m, ~ 0.3 m wide z X LU X X o if _ X 1- X X Q. b UJ ^2^9f PEGMATITE VEIN from 71.3 to 71.5 m, ~ 0.2 m wide Q _ X X X _ X _^^jf s n d 72.5 X X X X X X X X X X X X 75~ X X 167.3- X m n y 75.4 - X X z^- (Borehole wells from 75.4 to 75.7 m looks rubbly and rough) X m n 75.6 X X 7K O~ 1CC 1 BOTTOM OF WELL at 76.2 m

150 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire WELL NAME: FSE9 /publications/manuscripts/mirrorlake/WRIR98/pageproof- WRIR/Appendix.files/FSE9.app

LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRiBUTis DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. 0 ^M 242.82 CL SAND and GRAVEL from 1.0 to 6.0 m, brown, fine to coarse, ^v Q, ~ 5.0 m wide \-£ < 0 Gravel layer at 2.7 m, ~ 0.3 m wide EPTHTOMIDPOir PERTURECODE( ESCRIPTORS(DS belowoftopcas O Gravel and cobble layer at 4.0 m, ~ 0.3 m wide UJ 237.8' Q O O SAND and GRAVEL from 6.0 to 9.0 m, fine to medium, Q. ~ 3.0 m wide O Q Q

TILL from ~ 9.0 to 14.4 m, ~ 5.4 m wide

10 232.8'

BEDROCK SURFACE at 14.4 m 15-1 < 227.8 QC UJ

I Z UJ Q ZJ

BOTTOM OF CASING AT 20.1 m 20 222.8 GRANITE from 20.1 to 28.3 m, white grayish greenish, biotite- muscovite, with weak foliation of biotites and muscovites, h n o 21.0 ~ 8.2 m wide GRANITE from 20.1 to 27.7 m, medium to coarse grained, ~ 7.6 m wide

h t 0 22.8

h t 24.1 25 217.8 h n o,P 24.4 GRANITE from 27.7 to 28.3 m, fine grained, ~ 0.6 m wide (Steeply dipping fracture at 27.7 m showing small amounts of borehole enlargement on the upper and lower toes) (Steeply dipping fracture at 28.5 m, with 2 abutting fractures) s n e,p,b,mf2 27.3 SCHIST from 28.3 to 55.5 m, fine grained, steeply dipping h n e 27.8 foliation with felsic stringers and small augens, biotite- muscovite-sillimanite-quartz-feldspar, ~ 27.2 m wide 30 212.8

APPENDIX 151 FSE9 Continued

LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. DC AC DCS DMP - ._ m n 0 30.6 SCHIST continued to 55.5 m FELSIC DIKE at 31 .2 m, extremely fine grained, ~ 0.3 m wide

FELSIC VEIN at 33.2 m, cross-cutting near vertical foliation, ~ 5 cm wide t SCHIST, felsic rich from 33.5 to 36.6 m, ~ 3.1 m wide 35 207.8- ~ _ h t . 35.2 1 FELSIC VEIN at 36.0 m, cross-cutting foliation, 2.5 cm wide

v^3 PEGMATITE from 37.7 to 38.0 m, muscovite and felspars, _ m n 0 38.1 - cross-cuts foliation of schist, ~ 0.3 m wide

40 202.8

FELSIC ZONE at 41.5 m in schist, on one side of well, ~ 0.3 m wide 0 rSj h m o,e,y 1 FELSIC VEIN at 42.2 m, parallel to foliation, ~ 5 cm wide

DEPTH,METERSBELOWINTOPOFCASIN ALTITUDE,INMETERSABOVESEALEVEL Ol.t*. OOl 111I1.,, CO(O ^1l\3 tf

SCHIST from 46.3 to 48.2 m, with augens, gradual contacts above and below, ~ 6.0 m wide

55 - \ 187.8 FELSIC DIKE at 55.1 m, cross-cutting foliation of schist, ~ 10cm wide X X X GRANITE DIKE from 55.5 to 58.3 m, leucocratic, medium to X X _ X X. ^^" x^ s m mf2 56.5 coarse grained, contact cross-cuts foliation of schist, chill X X ^ _ X s m p 56.7 margins (fine-grained) on upper and lower contacts ~ 2.8 m - X X X wide X X ^x SCHIST from 58.3 m to 61.9 m, coarse grained, biotite-rich, - with felsic augens, ~ 3.6 m wide 60 1 182.8 152 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire FSE9 Continued

FRAPTI IRPQ FRACTURE LITHOLOGY r-HAUlUHbb ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

DC AC DCS DMP 60.95- 181.8 SCHIST continued to 61.9 m GRANITE DIKE at 60.9 m, leucocratic, cross-cuts

h f - 62.3 foliation of banded schist, ~ 0.3 m wide SCHIST from 61.3 to 61.9 m, same as above, ~ 0.6 m wide GRANITE from 61.9 to 72.5 m, -10.6 m wide GRANITE from 61.9 to 69.1 m, leucocratic, medium 65- 177.8- grained, equigranular, muscovite, ~ 7.2 m wide PEGMATITE from 63.0 to 63.5 m, ~ 0.5 m wide s n 66.0 GRANITE from 63.5 to 67.7 m, leucocratic, muscovite, \ ~ 4.2 m wide PEGMATITE from 64.5 to 65.2 m, ~ 0.7 m wide (Fracture extends from 65.5 to 66.5 m. Aperture is tight along limbs, but shows some borehole enlargement at upper and lower toes) PEGMATITE at 65.6 m, ~ 15 cm wide 70 t 172.8- PEGMATITE from 67.7 to 68 m, ~ 15 cm wide PEGMATITE from 68.4 to 68.6 m, ~ 0.2 m wide h 70.5 PEGMATITE from 68.9 to 69.1 m, ~ 0.2 m wide GRANITE from 69.1 to 72.5 m, biotite-muscovite, h n o.j.l 71.9 equigranular, medium to coarse grained texture, ~ 3.4 m wide PEGMATITE from 70.1 to 70.4 m, ~ 0.3 m wide

m m 74.0 SCHIST from 72.5 to 76.2 m, fine grained, biotite-rich, ^ P ~ 3.7 m wide 167.8 _ FELSIC ZONE from 73.5 to 74.5 m in schist, on one side of well, ~ 1.0 m wide

166.6 BOTTOM OF WELL at 76.2 m

APPENDIX 153 WELL NAME: FSE10

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. 0 ^H 244.; CL SAND from 0.61 to 4.0 m, brown, very coarse to medium ^ Q^ sand, ~ 3.4 m wide COBBLES WITH GRAVELS from 1.8 to 2.1 m, ~ 0.3 m wide < O Z CO LU Q 0§ Q 0 0 Q "6 Q, O IPTORS 2 °- TILL from 4.0 to18.9 m, gray, very coarse sand to silt and clay, LU LU CC and some oxidized, ~ 14.9 m wide 239.3- Q D O cc O t O LU CO Q. QL LU LU Q Q Q

10 234.C

O c/5 O u. O a. OT 01 2 O 115 < 229.; mLU cc tn cc

| z

BEDROCK SURFACE at 18.9 m

20 224.3-

BOTTOM OF CASING at 22.6 m GRANITE from 22.6 to 42.5 m, greenish gray, aphanitic to fine h n d 23.2 grained, biotite-muscovite granite, ~ 9.4 m wide s . d 24.1 (white precipitate, dripping down sides of the well from 22.6 h n d 24.4 to 24.5 m) h w mf2,e 24.7 25 219.3 GRANITE from 22.6 to 28.6, dark, reddish brown, weakly h n . 25.3 foliated, ~ 6.0 m wide h n 0 25.9 h n o,mf3 26.5 h n o,e 27.1 h n . 27.4 h n mf4 27.7 h n mf5,y 28.2 GRANITE from 28.6 to 32.0 m, yellowish white, felsic rich, h n mf5 28.4 h m 29.0 ~ 3.4 m wide (several narrow parallel fractures and one fracture that is wide) 30 214.3

154 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire FSE10 Continued

FRAPTl IRF LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

DC AC DCS DMP GRANITE continued to 42.5 m ^ h - - 31.1 PEGMATITE VEIN at 30.7 m, ~ 7 cm wide PEGMATITE DIKE from 31.0 to 32.0, ~ 1.0 m wide mX X X GRANITE from 32.0 to 42.5 m, grayish white, fine grained, X \^ _"v. m 32.3 X X - ~ 10.5 m wide X h n 32.8 X X X FELSIC VEIN at 34.4 m, ~ 5 cm wide " ^^^ Tf=S!fe. h n - 34.4 FELSIC VEIN at 34.6 m, ~ 5 cm wide 35 X 209.3 X X ^ - X \ h n o, mf2 35.4 h n - 35.7 PEGMATITE DIKE from 36.1 m to 36.4 m, ~ 0.3 m wide *_xjl - 22*££ X s m 36.4 XX V SCHIST from 37.0 to 37.3 m, biotite-rich with sulfides, h n 37.3 coarse grained ~ 0.3 m wide X ^5 PEGMATITE DIKE from 37.9 m to 38.2 m, ~ 0.3 m wide X X X XX, PEGMATITE DIKE from 39.3 m to 39.5 m, ~ 0.2 m wide v^ SCHIST XENOLITH at 39.8 m 40 204.3- BIOTITE SCHLIEREN at 40.1 m and 40.6 m

X X X SCHIST XENOLITH at 42.0 m X X SCHIST from 42.5 to 48.3 m, very fine grained biotite-rich, _i z^ *z?*^JA LU weak to moderate foliation with sulfides, ~ 5.8 m wide co < (very faint horizontal cracks from 43.5 to 43.8 m) < ILLI b I CO GRANITE from 44.5 m to 46.4 m, leucocratic, coarse 0. ^x i % 199.3- grained granite, ~ 1.9 m wide £ 45- 5 3 - K*^x CO h n xf 46.0 LU iS7f QC h n xf 46.3 CO ^^T^TA CO _ r h n xf, mf3 46.8 oc LU Wt 3 h xf, mf3 47.5 GRANITE DIKE from 47.5 to 47.7, ~ 20 cm wide 2 n ID KP2 GRANITE DIKE at 48.0 m, ~ 15 cm s III 2 Q X 3 X X t ~> ^ m w j, e, o 49.1 GRANITE from 48.3 to 51.4 m, fine grained, altered biotite- £ X tj lil0_ -iLX < muscovite, cross-cut foliation of schist ~ 3.1 m wide Q _ 3^ 1Q4I J7H.O T PEGMATITE DIKE from 49.6 to 49.9 m, ~ 0.3 m wide 50 V^J PEGMATITE DIKE from 50.1 to 50.4 m, ~ 0.3 m wide X __ X X _~^~a h n xf 51.2 h n xf 51.5 SCHIST from 51.2 to 76.2 m, pale yellowish brown, very fine grained, biotite schist, with sulfide minerals, steeply dipping weak foliation, ~ 25 m wide (Several near horizontal linear features from 51.2 to 54.5 m possibly biotite schlieren spaced approximately 10 to 15cm apart) 55 189.3-

~^~- m n xf 57.7

GRANITE INCLUSION or FELSIC ZONE in SCHIST at 57.2m 60 184.3

APPENDIX 155 FSE10 Continued

LITHOLOGY FRACTURES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

DC AC DCS DMP SCHIST continued to 76.8 m 3£ar£S FELSIC VEIN at 61.5 m, ~ 5 cm wide 1 FELSIC ZONE at 63.7 m in schist 179.3- o 65- _i LU > FELSIC VEIN at 66.0 m, cross-cutting schist, ~ 2 cm wide LU § - _l LL O < Ity LU

IIi EPTH,INMETERSBELOWTOP LTITUDE,INMETERSABOVES

SCHIST from 70.0 to 70.7 m, with sulfide minerals, ~ 0.7 m ^J ^. 03 -g o wide

FELSIC VEIN at 72.0 m, ~ 1 cm wide

O I < ^^

SCHIST from 75.0 to 77.1 m, dusky greenish brown, 75 169.3 extremely fine grained weakly foliated, ~ 2.1 m wide

BOTTOM OF WELL AT 77.1 m _ . _ 1R7 ">

156 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire WELL NAME: FSE11

LITHOLOGY FRACTURES FRACTURE DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. ATTRIBUTES 0 i 242.6- CL FILL from 0.5 m to ~ 3.0 m, ~ 2.5 m wide 2 Q

PERTURECODE(AC EPTHMIDPOINT(to ESCRIPTORS(DSC) belowofcasingtop OVERBURDEN, UNDIFFERENTIATED from 3.0 to 20.7m, ~ 17.7 m wide O g^ LU 237.6- Q 0 O Q_ Q < Q Q

10 I 232.6-

. O ea. - 227J

20 I 222.6- BEDROCK SURFACE at 20.7 m Soft drilling from 20.7 to 21.6 m

25 217.6 BOTTOM OF CASING at 25.0 m SCHIST from 25.0 to 31.7 m, steeply dipping foliation, m n P,o 25.6 with some augens and some banding, biotite- muscovite-quartz-feldspar and sillimanite, ~ 6.7 m wide

FELSIC ZONE from 27.7 to 28.5 m, in schist, on one side of well, - 0.8 m wide FELSIC ZONE from 29.0 to 29.3 m, in schist, on one side of well, ~ 0.3 m wide 30 I 212.6

APPENDIX 157 FSE11 Continued

FRAPTI IRF LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. ., _.. ,. DC AC DCS DMP OU.tf SCHIST continued to 31.7 m GRANITE DIKE from 30.6 to 31.1 m, leucocratic, fine grained, ~ 0.5 m wide PEGMATITE from 31.7 to 34.6 m, upper contact: near horizontal, lower contact: steeply dipping, both contacts cross-cut foliation of schist, ~ 2.9 m wide

&£- SCHIST from 34.6 to 38.4 m, same as above with garnets, 35- 207.6- ~ 3.8 m wide SCHIST from 34.6 to 36.9 m, banded, coarse grained, h n xf 36.0 ~ 2.3 m wide m xf 36.5 \ s GRANITE DIKE from 36.9 to 37.5 m, leucocratic, coarse

1XX grained, parallel to foliation of schist, ~ 0.6 m wide SCHIST from 37.5 to 38.4 m, coarse grained, 0.9 m wide

X GRANITE from 38.4 to 47.9 m, leucocratic, yellowish white, - x x ~ 9.5 m wide X X X ^^^^ s n 0 39.5 GRANITE from 38.4 to 41.7 m, medium to coarse X 40 x x X 202.6 grained, biotite-muscovite, ~ 3.3 m wide _ X X X _ x x X h n 0 41.4 GRANITE from 41.7 to 43.8 m, with swirled lenses of g foliated biotites in an equigranular matrix dominated by 2 to _ felsic minerals, ~ 2.1 m wide O UJ HfTJ LL X rx rf O _ X UJ GRANITE from 43.8 to 46.9 m, coarse grained, biotite- Q. X x to O X UJ muscovite, ~ 3.1 m wide 1 X X ^ § 45 X 0197.6- X X CO 3 SCHIST LENS from 45.7 to 46.0 m, folded and swirled UJ ^)F^^v*. CO CD DC into the granite, ~ 0.3 m wide to X X UJ QUARTZ-RICH GRANITE from 46.9 to 47.9 m, dark gray, CC X UJ h m fz,mf3 45.4 f X extremely fine grained, equigranular, possibly altered, UJ Xx z ~ 1.0 m wide z 52: of Zfa Q GRANITE DIKE from 47.4 to 47.6 m, steeply dipping, I - \- biotite-muscovite, ~ 22.0 cm wide UJ g - - - p,mf2 49.4 SCHIST from 47.9 to 56.7 m, fine grained, weak and steeply 50- 192.6- dipping foliation, ~ 8.8 m wide p,mf2 50.6 FELSIC ZONE from 51.2 to 51.8 m in schist, ~ 0.6 m wide

GRANITE DIKE from 53.6 to 54.2 m, swirled and embayed upper and lower contacts, ~ 0.6 m wide 1X X - ivy GRANITE DIKE from 55.1 to 55.8 m, fine grained - 0.7 m 55 187.6- %X X wide

SCHIST from 55.8 to 56.7, banded, foliation near vertical, ~ 0.9 m wide X X MIGMATITE from 56.7 to 57.6 m, gneissic texture, few to some foliation in a felsic matrix migmatite, ~ 0.9 m wide SCHIST from 57.6 to 67.1 m, coarse grained, gneissic texture, ~ 9.5 m wide

60 ~~ 182.6

158 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire FSE11 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. DC AC DCS DMP 60.95. 181. b SCHIST continued to 67.1 m

65 177.6- GRANITE DIKE from 65.5 to 65.8 m, cross-cutting foliation of schist, ~ 0.3 m wide

GRANITE from 67.1 to 82.3 m, fine to coarse grained, m C~7 O X X X upper contact cross-cutting foliation of schist, ~ 15.2 m - X wide *AX X %* PEGMATITE from 68.4 to 69.8 m, 1.4 m wide 70 X X 172.6- X X X O X 2 X X UJ OT < v^ UJ X X X PEGMATITE from 71.3 to 71.7, ~ 0.4 m wide ERSBELOWTOPOFC X X X METERSABOVESEAL IItillii X X X X X PEGMATITE at 73.4 m, biotites in felsic matrix, ~ 5 cm X X X wide X X X ^jUl O)^jt PEGMATITE from 75.0 to 75.6 m, ~ 0.6 m wide

X X 2 tD2 ~~ PEGMATITE from 76.2 to 76.4 m, ~ 0.2 m wide 2 Q X PEGMATITE from 76.8 to 77.0 m, - 0.2 m wide X X Q. X UJ X X <

X X X PEGMATITE at 78.0 m, ~ 5 cm wide X X X X h 80 X 162.6- 79.2 X X X X X X X X ,. m n a 81.2 X X X _ SCHIST from 82.3 to 84.7 m, coarse grained, gneissic ^ texture, biotite-muscovite and sillimanite, ~ 2.4 m wide

fl4?I 157.9 i BOTTOM OF WELL at 84.7 m

APPENDIX 159 WELLNAME:FSE12

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. 243.71 tL SAND from 0.8 to 3.5 m, ~ 2.7 m wide Q 0 ^_^ , c ^ O ^ .£

APERTURECODE( DESCRIPTORS(DS DEPTHTOMIDPOirO- below*-oftopnas O Q o TILL from 3.5 to 15.8 m, ~ 12.3 m wide Q, LJJ 238.7- Q O 0 Q_ Q

10 233.7-

15' < 228.7- wtr UJ

BEDROCK SURFACE at 16.6 m

20- 223.7- BOTTOM OF CASING at 20.7 m

GRANITE from 20.7 to 29.0 m, light greenish gray, fine grained, equigranular, biotite-muscovite granite, some s n p 22.8 alteration and oxidation, gradational contact with granite s m P 23.4 below, ~ 8.3 m wide m m - 23.8 h m - 24.1 s m - 24.8 25 218.7 h m - 25.3 s w 25.9

GRANITE from 29.0 to 53.6 m, grayish white granite, medium to coarse grained, upper contact gradational, ~ 26.2 m m n o, a 29.3 wide 30 213.7-

160 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire FSE12 Continued

LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

, ,. DC AC DCS DMP * X X GRANITE continued to 53.6 m, gray and equigranular, X X X medium to coarse, biotite-muscovite X X X X X X X

X X X 0 X X h n 33.2 X X X X X X 35 X 208.7- s^f"-5^ PEGMATITE from 35.1 to 35.4 m, quartz, muscovite, and X X feldspar, - 0.3 m wide ^ X X X X X X X X X X X X . . m n o, a 37.9 GRANITE from 38.4 to 38.8 m, leucocratic, yellowish X X X white, altered, micaceous, vesicular and porous, gradual X X X contacts above and below, ~ 0.4 m wide X s - o, a 39.5 X X 40 X X X 203.7- \ s n b,mf3 40.2 PEGMATITE and APLITE from 40.4 to 42.1 m, alternating X X X ' bands of pegmatite and aplite, leucocratic, yellowish white, X ^ h n . 41.1 pegmatitic muscovite and quartz, ~ 1.7 m wide ^ s m b 41.3 PEGMATITE at 42.1 m, - 5 cm wide =db--^ PEGMATITE at 42.4 m, - 10 cm wide 0 Z _ X X LU PEGMATITE from 43.3 to 43.9 m, ~ 0.6 m wide X LU O XQ^ ~~-~^. 0 43.9 U. LU m m PEGMATITE at 44.8 m, muscovite, feldspar and quartz, O X w X X ~ 5 cm wide Q. LU R 45- g 198.7- *~-~-~^ PEGMATITE at 45.0 m, - 5 cm wide X m n o,a 00 45.0 i X X PEGMATITE at 46.0 m, ~ 10 cm wide _iO o> ui QC 00 X LU X X 1- LU EC ~ X LU X X ^ ^ "" X 2 X X 5 X LU X X o ^2 X o X X X PEGMATITE at 49.1 m, ~ 5 cm wide ' . 49.4 _K k*. ti h n t *^ PEGMATITE at 49.5 m, ~ 5 cm wide 111 x ° 50 X X 193.7- (very low yield in fracture at 49.4 m, noticed during drilling) fe**- \^ PEGMATITE from 51.5 to 51.8 m, ~ 0.3 m wide X X X _ X X X _ X X X _ X X X ~~-^. m n 0 53.2 PEGMATITE from 53.6 to 55.2 m, ~ 1.6 m wide V ~~~- - y\ m n 0 54.0 GRANITE from 55.2 to 66.9 m, biotite-muscovite, weakly 55 Y^ 188.7- foliated, ~ 11.7 m wide X X X h n/m d 55.9 GRANITE from 55.2 to 60.0 m, greenish gray, fine to X _ X X medium grained texture, biotite-muscovite, ~ 4.8 m wide X X X (very low yield in fracture at 55.9 m, noticed during drilling) ~ X X X ^~~- m n a 57.7 GRANITE at 56.0 m, porous, vesicular-looking, ~ 15 cm X X X wide X X X _ X X X ^^^ GRANITE from 60.0 to 66.9 m, grayish white, medium to X m n o,a 59.2 C X coarse grained, gradual textural change from granite 60 X 183.7 X X _ X above, ~ 6.9 m wide X X

APPENDIX 161 FSE12 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. DC AC DCS DMP 60.95 -=, 182.71 GRANITE continued to 66.9 m FELSIC BAND at 61.7 m, ~ 10 cm wide

65 178.7 BIOTITE SCHLIEREN at 65.6 and at 66.3 m

m m d,pf 67.0 SCHIST BAND at 66.9 m, brown with felsic augens, ~ 10cm wide SCHIST from 66.9 to 69.4 m, brown to rusty grayish brown and some greenish bands, and some iron staining, biotite and quartz rich schist with iron-sulfide minerals, fine grained, ~ 2.5 m wide 70 173.7 GRANITE DIKE from 68.6 to 69.0 m, ~ 0.4 m wide GRANITE from 69.4 to 72.5 m, brownish light gray, ~ 3.1 m wide PEGMATITE from 70.7 to 71.4 m, ~ 0.7 m wide PEGMATITE from 71.9 to 72.2 m, ~ 0.3 m wide SCHIST from 72.5 to 74.1 m, dusky brown with white felsic layers, medium to coarse grained texture, sharp contact on top gradual contact with unit below, ~ 1.6 m wide GNEISS or MIGMATITE from 74.1 to 83.5 m, blocky 2i 168.7- equigranular, coarse grained, with some foliation, gradual « LU contacts above and below, mixed zones of igneous and o metamorphic looking units, ~ 9.4 m wide CD < V) DC OJ

FELSIC ZONE in the gneiss from 78.9 to 79.5 m, ~ 0.6 m wide

5 163.7- < SCHISTOSE ZONE from 81.3 to 82.0 m, biotite-rich and highly foliated, ~ 0.7 m wide

SCHIST from 83.5 to 84.7 m, dark brown, fine grained, biotite schist, upper contact with gneiss is gradual, ~ 1.2 m wide GRANITE DIKE from 84.7 to 85.9 m, yellowish light gray, P 84.4 leucocratic, fine grained, contact is parallel to the foliation 85 158.7 of schist, ~ 1.2 m wide SCHIST from 85.9 to 87.7 m, ~ 1.8 m wide h m d 85.8

BOTTOM OF WELL at 87.7 m

87.7 156.9-

162 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire WELL NAME: FSE13

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. 0 ^_ 240.61 FILL from 0.8 to 3.2 m, ~ 2.4 m wide Q_

Q 0 L~" O 0 H g CO Fine to coarse SAND and GRAVEL from 3.2 to 5.4 m, LU Q Og Q ~ 2.4 m wide o O Q 0 O, 0 IPTORS LU LU rr 235.6 Q D TILL from 5.4 to 21.6 m, ~ 16.2 m wide O rr O DC 0 t 1 LU CO Q_ Q. LU LU Q Q Q

10 230.6

O 55 3 UL O eCL 225.6- I01 i. CD (/} CC Difficult driling from 15.6 to 15.8 m, possible cobble layer, 111 ~ 0.2 m wide

20 220.6 TILL from 19.1 ro 21.6 m, clay rich, gray, - 2.5 m wide

BEDROCK SURFACE at 22.5 m

h n BOTTOM of CASING at 24.4 m h n x&f2 25 215.6- h m xf,mf2 25^0 s n P 25.3 SCHIST from 24.4 to 28.2 m, very fine grained, biotite- m m P,d 26.0 muscovite-quartz-feldspar and sillimanite, weathered, steeply dipping, - 3.8 m wide

h n d.fz 27.6 GRANITE from 28.2 to 35.1 m, ~ 6.9 m wide h m P.d 28.2 GRANITE from 28.2 to 31.2 m, leucocratic with some pegmatite veins, upper contact cross-cuts foliation of schist Biotite schlieren from 28.3 to 28.6 m, ~ 0.3 m wide Pegmatite from 29.9 to 30.2 m, ~ 0.3 m wide 30 210.6 s m - 30.0

APPENDIX 163 FSE13 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

30.47-= _ -. 01n * onn <~ DC AC DCS DMP X X Granite continued to 35.1 m X PEGMATITE 31.2 to 32.3 m, massive, rich in muscovite, gradual contacts with granite above and below, - 1.1 m - Mr wide X X _ ^A '- .- x - X X ^\ s m 33.4 X X X PEGMATITE 32.6 to 32.8 m, ~ 15 cm wide X \ s n . 34.0 X X "^ 35 ^ 205.6- s n - 35.0 SCHIST from 35.1 to 48.8 m, biotite-rich, with steeply WA h m P 35.3 dipping foliation, ~ 13.7 m wide

SCHIST from 35.1 to 36.3 m, fine grained, - 1.2 m wide

i>- m n xf, b 37.7 SCHIST from 36.3 to 48.8 m, coarse grained biotite-rich, 1I1i h n 37.8 augen to banded schist, steeply dipping foliation, ~ 12.5 m wide

-t>.-e>. OlO 200.6-

BELOWTOPOFCASING 111 UJ h n d,xf 43.9 LU co _ h n d,xf, 44.5 (Rusty-brown precipitation (iron oxidation) occurring UJ mf2 between fractures at 43.9 and 44.5 m) g 195.6- 00

CO PEGMATITE DIKE at 46.9 m, cross-cutting near vertical DC co UJ foliation, ~ 7 cm wide cr m 1 1 1 ALTITUDE,INME h m xf,p,d 47.5 DEPTH,INMETE I11i MIGMATITE from 48.8 to 54.9 m, coarse gneissic texture, dominated by foliated biotite-rich zones mixed with coarse grained, equigranular felsic zones (leucosome), gradational contacts with schist above and pegmatite Ol COo CD 1 o below, ~ 6.1 m wide

V-V^r PEGMATITIC from 50.8 to 51.2 m, possibly felsic portion I of migmatite, ~ 0.4 m wide

55- 185.6- SCHIST from 54.9 to 61.6 m, coarse grained with felsic augens and felsic-rich zones.steeply dipping foliation, ~ 6.7 m wide

_ PEGMATITE and SCHIST from 58.8 to 60.3 m, interfingered, schistose portions have coarse texture, possibly migmatite interfingered with schist, ~ 1.5 m wide

PEGMATITE at 60.3 m, ~ 0.4 m wide 60 180.6- 2E

164 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire FSE13 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. DC AC DCS DMP i / a. / SCHIST continued to 61.6 m PEGMATITE DIKE at 61.5 m, ~ 15 cm wide MIGMATITE from 61.6 to 65.1 m, coarse grained texture, f. predominantly equigranular felsic minerals with some /'*-V biotite-rich foliated zones (leucosome), 3.5 m wide

X x

65 "K X 175.6 GRANITE from 65.1 to 75.6 m, leucocratic, medium to coarse X _J s n y 65.2 O X X ^ X UJ texture, biotite-muscovite, top contact cross-cuts foliation of j/5 _ X X. i2 migmatite, ~ 10.5 m wide o x x ^ ~ m n . 66.4 LL X UJ (very low yielding fracture at 65.2 m, noted during drilling) o X X C/J PEGMATITE VEIN at 66.1 m, ~ 5 cm wide 0. X Ul x x > ^_ X 0 g CO PEGMATITE VEIN at 68.3 m, ~ 5 cm wide X 3 x x V) UJ oc X Ul m X X C/5 X UJ £ 70- X X 1 170.6 - fc \ \~ \ PEGMATITE DIKE from 70.4 to 70.7 m, - 0.3 m wide 2 oT z x x Q X 1- - x" X X ^ m n 71.3 X tj CL < PEGMATITE VEIN at 72.2, ~ 15 cm wide Ul X X Q X PEGMATITE DIKE from 72.8 to 73.2 m, - 0.4 m wide -h i ~ x X X s n . 73.7 X \ w'Jx PEGMATITE DIKE from 74.2 to 74.8 m, - 0.6 m wide

75 X 165.6 X X X 75 Q x x 1R4 7 BOTTOM OF WELL at 75.9 m

APPENDIX 165 WELL NAME: H1

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

232.15- Q. SAND from 0.59 to 1.5 m, ~ 0.9 m wide

Q O O fe£ C/3 £: w LU r\ (0 Cuttings: GRANITE from 2.1 to 6.7 m, ~ 4.6 m wide Q g, 2^ 0 0 C/3 Q 0 BEDROCK SURFACE at 3.6 m 0 cc ^ Q EPTHTON belowtoi 111 PERTURE ESCRIPTO 227.2- Q O Cuttings: PEGMATITE from 6.7 to 7.0 m, ~ 0.3 m wide o Q_ Q Q Q Cuttings: GRANITE from 7.0 to 9.1 m, ~ 2.1 m wide

BOTTOM OF CASING at 9.14 m GRANITE from 9.1 to 15.2 m, leucocratic with some oxidized 1U _ X X X 222.2^ feldspars and quartz, biotite-muscovite granite, with some *^ biotite schlieren, ~ 6.1 m wide h m 11.3 GRANITE or GNEISS from 10.7 to 11.3 m, biotite-rich, O X X coarse grained, foliated, - 0.6 m wide - X _l UJ X X O X ~~ X X § - u. X O X X UJ Q. X w _ X X UJ R X _ > X X Z \i^ s n - 14.6 15 _ X <217.2- x- X X C0" UJ 'M CO oc SCHIST from 15.2 to 34.4 m, grayish black, coarse grained, U) UJ QC biotite-muscovite-quartz-feldspar-sillimanite and garnet, W^^A ~hi UJ _ v& s n 0 16.9 with some augens, ~ 19.2 m wide Z i FELSIC DIKE from 16.8 to 17.1 m, ~ 0.3 m wide '/> UJ w 0 DEPTH 5

1 ^- m m pf 19.0 FELSIC VEIN at 19.6 m, coarse grained, irregular edges, 20 _ fti 212.2- parallel to foliation of the schist, ~ 20 cm wide

PEGMATITE DIKE from 23.8 to 24.1 m, parallel to the foliation of schist, ~ 20 cm wide 25 _ B 207.2- PEGMATITE DIKE from 24.3 to 24.6 m, ~ 0.3 m wide

SCHIST from ~ 27.0 to ~ 31.0 m, biotite-rich, weakly foliated with augens, - 4.0 m wide

30 _ I 202.2 166 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire H1 Continued FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

DC AC DCS DMP OU.H/ £U 1 .DO (555; 30.8 ?2& i^= S n mf2 SCHIST continued to 34.4 m PEGMATITE from 30.8 to 31.1 m, steeply dipping and parallel to the foliation of schist, ~ 0.3 m wide SCHIST from 31.1 to 34.4 m, felsic rich, biotite schist, some weak banding, ~ 3.3 m wide

^Y' 35 197.2- PEGMATITE from 34.4 to 36.0 m, muscovite-rich, some

^ _- biotites parallel to foliation of schist, ~ 1.6 m wide I h n - 36.0 ^ SCHIST from 36.0 to 54.5 m, ~ 18.5 m wide SCHIST from 36.0 to 44.0 m, biotite schist, fine to coarse grained, some laminated zones, some weak banding, ~ 8.0 m wide 11i<

h m o, a 39.6 IV) K> S CO

VESEALEVEL ^ )POFCASING P 43.9 SCHIST from - 44.0 to 54.4 m, coppery brown, with coticule

-~. m n a 44.6 layers, moderately dipping foliation, ~ 10.4 m wide xx x 0187.2 GRANITE DIKE from 44.8 to 45.4 m, grayish white, P 45 CD ^JA CO* gradational contacts above and below, ~ 0.6 m wide _/S UJ DC x^T UJ CO h- GRANITE DIKE from 46.3 to 46.5 m, greenish white, co" :^y OL >0 2 parallel to the foliation of schist, ~ 0.2 m wide UJ 2X z i - UJ ££ Q 2 ^7 3 GRANITE DIKE at 48.2 m, parallel to the foliation of schist, r - w SE ~ 15 cm wide Jr w _i Q. v> < UJ v^ ° SO" 182.2- ~

55 x vT^ GRANITE from 54.5 to 68.9 m, - 14.4 m wide X 177.2- \X X X _ X X X *^^ X X m n . 56.5 X - - . X X m n 0 57.0 - h n o, a 57.3 X X h n 57.9 X X X X X X h 58.8 X n P ' X X GRANITE from ~ 59.5 to 62.5 m, muscovite-biotite, with _ X X X h n - 59.4 greenish microcline, with some sulfide minerals, ~ 3.0 m 60 y 1 7O O h n X X o, a 60.1 wide X - - - X X P " 60.6

APPENDIX 167 H1 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTU . ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. 6095 i"71 DC AC DCS DMP x x GRANITE continued to 68.9 m x x x " - ^_^ m w e 61.8 x x x X X X X x x X ^^^^^a*s m n mf2,a,e 64.0 X X X x x ~~~~~~^ m n a, o 64.4 X m m a, o 64.8 65 X X 167.2 X x x X X X _ X ~ m n - 66.5 X X

X X X ~ X _^___ m m x x a, o 67.7 X X X X ^^^ I ¥? m n 68.7 SCHIST from 68.9 to 75.7 m, brownish black, biotite- _ muscovite-quartz schist with trace sillimanite and garnet, 70 162.2- sub-horizontal foliation, ~ 6.8 m wide _

m n 0 72.5 ^ LU WTOPOFCASING UJ

UJ CO 75 £ 157.2 o m h m 75.6 GRANITE from 75.7 to 91.7 m, muscovite granite with a trace 0 __ x x ^ h 76.1 of chlorite, ~ 16.0 m wide UJ _ X CO h n mf2 76.5 co DC PEGMATITE VEIN at 76.7 m, ~ 5 cm wide UJ h n mf3 76.8 in x x tr UJ BIOTITE-RICH ZONE in granite at 77.3 m (not shown) UJ X X 5 2 UJ Xfl 5 x/x UJ BIOTITE SCHLIEREN at 78.0 m in granite Q 2 v^\v\ PEGMATITE DIKE from 78.6 to 79.4 m, with garnet, ^ ~ 0.8 m wide t 5 UJ PEGMATITE DIKE from 79.6 to 80.5 m, ~ 0.9 m wide O 80 $^v * 152.2

X X ___ m n 81.0 X ^ ^^^_ - X X m n - 81.5 X

X X X ~ *M X Xv "* h n r 82.6 X

X X GRANITE from 83.2 to 84.4 m, dark brown, equigranular, X X X biotite-rich zone in granite, (not shown) ~ 1.2 m wide _ _ X X X _ X x x s m 85.0 85 X 147.2- X X \ h n x 85.4 v PEGMATITE VEIN at 85.7 m, ~ 5 cm wide 1 X X X _ h n . 86.6 - X X X h m mf3 87.4 X X X h n - 87.9 X X X - X X h n 88.2 X X X h 89.0 h n o, a, j 89.5 90 X 142.2 X X _ X x x , - - - - 90.8 _ X P BOTTOM of WELL at 91.7 m X X X Q1 74 X X 140 41... 168 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire WELL NAME: IS1

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. 0 __ 224,67 (L Q SAND, GRAVEL and FILL from 0.5 to 9.4 m, brown, fine to O r^ oj coarse sand, fine to coarse gravel, and boulder-sized fill, ^ 0 ^ CO ~ 8.9 m wide LU Q g. 2j! O CO 9 ° o 0 DC LU LU o: 219.7- Q D 1 If O DC O IE O LU CO Q. Q. LU LU Q Q Q

10 214.7- TILL from 9.4 to 13.0 m, gray, ~ 3.6 m wide

BEDROCK SURFACE at 12.7 m

LU Cuttings: GRANITE, biotite-muscovite, oxidized, ~ 4.0 m wide I 15 < 209. QC

BOTTOM OF CASING at 17.07 m GRANITE from 17.1 to 46.5 m, biotite-muscovite, greenish h w fz,e,o 17.8 gray with some oxidized zones, ~ 29.4 m wide PEGMATITE VEIN at 18.9 m, ~ 7.0 to 10 cm wide (the s w 0 18.8 fracture is along the lower contact between the pegmatite s n o,l 19.4 X X and granite) . 20 x x s n 19.7 PEGMATITE VEIN at 19.7 m, ~ 2.0 cm wide x 204.7 m w o,x 20.1 X X X - . 20.7 X X p X s m mf2,p,b 21.3 X X h n d 21.6 X X X X X X t> x X X SCHIST XENOLITH in granite at 23.0 m, ~ 15 cm long X s m o,a 23.5 X x h n d 23.5 GRANITE from 23.7 to 24.1 m, highly oxidized zone, X X X m w o,a,y 24.0 24.5 ~ 0.4 m wide X - - P 25 _ X x P 24.8 GRANITE from 24.4 to 27.5 m, light greenish gray to 199.-/ s n 0 25.2 - - P 25.3 greenish gray, - 3.1 m wide X X 25.6 X s n mf3, a X X X X X X s mf3 27.4 X X n X X X s n mf2,s 27.9 PEGMATITE at 28.9 m, oxidized along upper and lower X s n . 28.3 X X s n . 28.8 contacts, - 9 cm wide, (fracture at 29.1 m along bottom m n 0 29.1 contact between pegmatite and granite) BASALT DIKE at 29.6 m, irregularly shaped, grayish black, 30 _ 194.7- m n . 30.3 welded to host, ~ 10 cm wide

APPENDIX 169 IS1 Continued ro A ^-r, IO iro FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

DC AC DCS DMP 30.47 , x 1 1 X X s n o,a,s 30.8 GRANITE continued to 46.5 m X _ X X s n 31.4 X s _ X X s m 0 32.0 - X X X s n . 32.E X X m w 0 32.9 PEGMATITE at 32.6 m, ~ 11 cm wide ~ X X X X X X X X X 35 X 189.7- X X m n o 35.1 X h n - 35.3 X X X m n . 35.3 X X m n . 36.3 X n - 36.6 X X h X _ X X s n s 37.2 X X X BASALT DIKE at 38.1 m, greenish grayish black aphanitic ^fe with highly reflective and felsic phenocrysts, ~ 20 cm wide ~" X X X X X X s n 39.5 40 X s n mf2 39.9 X X 184.7 X X X ^ X X X _ X X X X X X O X _, z _ X X LU X ^ X X LU rf -1 o X X X ^ LL h n mf2,d X LU 0 CO X X 0 44.3 Q. m m X >LU ° 45 x *3 § 179.7 I : X X SCHIST XENOLITH from 45.3 to 45.5, - 20 cm long X CO X X LU v^-* tr CO LU SCHIST from ~ 46.5 to 48.5 m, biotite-rich, coarse grained CO LU IT vjwp LU ^ texture, strongly foliated, ~ 2.0 m wide. This possibly is a h- ^^J^A z LU rjV MIGMATITE (the mafic-rich portion, which is called a 2 t& LU Z _ £cx Q restite or mesosome) X I X X H GRANITE from 48.5 to 53.0 m, coarse grained muscovite- D. xJUf _) biotite granite with biotite schlieren, ~ 4.5 m LU ^*x ** 50 "X 174.7 _ X X BIOTITE SCHLIEREN in granite at 49.0 and 50.0 m X - BIOTITE SCHLIEREN in granite from 51.2 to 52.5 m, steeply dipping, zone is ~ 1.4 m wide X PEGMATITE from 53.0 to 53.3 m, feldspar, biotite, and muscovite, cross-cuts foliation of migmatite, ~ 0.3 m wide

SCHIST from 53.3 to 55.5 m, coarse grained to gneissic " texture, banded, ~ 2.2 m wide 55- 169.7- -*4£ GRANITE from 55.5 to 64.6 m, gray, biotite-muscovite, - - P 55.8 _ X X - 9.1 m wide X _ X X IX X X ~ X X X X FELSIC VEIN at 58.2 m, ~ 2 cm wide

X X X X X X X X 60 X 164.7- X X X X X

170 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire IS1 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. DC AC DCS DMP 60.95 ^r-. 163.72 x x GRANITE continued to 64.6 m x X X X X X GRANITE from 61.6 to 64.6 m, biotite-muscovite, coarse grained, ~ 3.0 m wide

SCHIST from 64.6 to 69.8 m, coarse grained to gneissic 159.7- texture, steeply dipping foliation, with some augens, ~ 5.2 m wide GRANITE from 65.3 to 65.6 m, parallel to foliation, ~ 0.3 m wide

FELSIC VEIN at 69.8, cross-cuts foliation of schist, 1-2 cm 154.7- m n s 70.1 wide GRANITE from 69.8 to 73.0 m, biotite-muscovite, 3.2 m wide

SCHIST or MIGMATITE from 73.0 to 75.3 m, coarse grained to gneissic texture, weakly foliated, looks like a mixture of igneous and metamorphic zones, ~ 1.7 m wide

75 55 149.7- s n o,a,s 75.0 GRANITE from 75.3 to 83.6 m, ~ 8.3 m wide GRANITE from 75.3 to 77.5 m, biotite-rich granite, weakly foliated, - 2.2 m wide

GRANITE from 77.5 to 83.0 m, biotite-muscovite granite, more felsic than the granite above, - 5.5 m wide

80 145.7-

m m d 80.9

GRANITE from ~ 83.0 to 83.6 m, gneissic texture, near m n 82.3 m n s 82.5 vertical foliations, coarse grained gradual contacts, ~ 0.6 m wide SCHIST from 83.6 to 85.1 m, gneissic texture, ~ 1.5 m wide GRANITE from 85.1 to 87.5 m, with schist xenoliths, ~ 2.4 m 139.7- wide

SCHIST from 87.5 to 94.7 m, coarse grained to gneissic, felsic-rich, swirled foliation, ~ 9.2 m wide

GRANITE DIKE from 89.7 to 90.3 m, biotite-muscovite, crosscuts foliation, near horizontal, -0.6 m wide 134.7 90 ~x GRANITE DIKE from 90.7 to 91.0, - 0.3 m wide

APPENDIX 171 IS1 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. DC AC DCS DMP irzr* ioo.^<+ x x SCHIST continued to 94.7 m _ GRANITE DIKE with schlieren from 91.5 to 92.0 m, ~ 0.5 m

XX wide - GRANITE DIKE from 92.7 to 93.0 m, ~ 0.3 m wide PEGMATITE from 94.0 to 94.7 m, ~ 0.7 m wide

95 _ 129.7- GNEISS from 94.7 to 96.7 m, gneissic texture, steeply dipping i foliation, - 2.0 m wide - X- GRANITE from 96.7 to 97.6 m with some foliated biotites - X and muscovite, gradual contacts, ~ 0.9 m wide xjTx GNEISS from ~ 97.6 to 100.6 m, gneissic texture moderately dipping foliation, ~ 3.0 m wide - a &s< 100 124.7 GRANITE from 100.6 to 105.3 m, ~ 4.7 m wide

_XjC GRANITE from 100.6 to 101.4 m, moderate orange pink to

_ X X . light brown, and green mottled, partial fracture-gradual X x x lower contact, ~ 0.9 m wide X X X GRANITE from 101.4 to 105.3 m, cross-cuts foliation of X x x gneiss subparallel to near horizontal contact and dipping _ X X X foliation, biotite-muscovite, fine grained granite, ~ 3.9 m _ X X X wide o X _J Z X X UJ CO X > < X X GNEISS from 105.3 to 110.8 m, coarse grained, ~ 5.5 m wide 0 105 ^ 119.7 u_ UJ O i? CO Q. xlT x UJ Jx.jp. R - *J£ O § X m o X^=- X ^ _l 7/X(p- CO UJ X^ JwC oc APLIITE DIKE from 108.0 to 108.4 m, - 0.4 m wide CO x_ UJ crCO *F ID 111 X ^jx ^ z m $. X _ M^t(F~ UJ z y? )L Q 110 X ^ 114.7 tI GRANITE from 110.8 to 134.4 m, biotite-muscovite, sugar UJ j^Ar ^ texture, ~ 23.6 m wide Q X X X X - .- fz.o 111.5 , X X GRANITE from 111.5 to 114.0 m, some parts weakly foliated - X with gneissic texture, gradual contacts, altered, ~ 2.5 m ~ wide jf GRANITE from 114.0 to 121.0 m, biotite granite, coarse X X X grained, salt and pepper, ~ 7.0 m wide X 109.7 115 x x _ X X X X X X x _ x A BASALT DIKE at 118.1 m, near vertical, basalt exposed _ *jf vertically over 3.0 m of the borehole, ~ 20 cm wide - V PEGMATITE DIKE at 119.0 m, cross-cut by basalt, near - horizontal, ~ 20 cm wide r BIOTITE SCHLIEREN in granite at 120.2 m X 120 - 104.7- GRANITE from 120.4 to 121.9 m, coarse grained, less - X X biotite, some schlieren migmatitic/gneissic, ~ 1.5 m wide X X X X X X

172 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire IS1 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. DC AC DCS DMP 121.91- GRANITE continued to 134.4 m h w 123.0 GRANITE from 122.0 m to 124.8 m, coarse grained to gneissic texture, moderately dipping foliation, altered, felsic-rich, coarse grained, ~ 2.8 m wide GRANITE from 124.8 to 128.2 m, biotite-rich, equigranular 125 99.7 - texture, ~ 3.4 m wide

GRANITE from 126.9 to 127.0 m, black, very reflective, biotite-rich zone, - 20 cm wide (not shown)

GRANITE 128.2 to 131.7 m, biotite-muscovite granite, more felsic than the granite above, with some schist xenoliths, equigranular, weakly foliated, - 3.5 m wide 130 94.7 -

SCHIST from 131.6 to 132.4 m, coarse grained to gneissic texture, ~ 0.8 m wide GRANITE 132.4 to 134.4 m, biotite-muscovite granite, ~ 3.5 m wide

£ ISS- uj 89.7 SCHIST from 134.4 to 135.9 m, coarse grained, gneissic UJ texture, with swirled foliations, - 1.5 m wide GNEISS from 135.9 to 142.7 m, or granite with gneissic texture, with some biotite schlieren, ~ 8.8 m wide BIOTITE SCHLIEREN in GNEISS at 136.6 m, ~ 0.3 m wide

BASALT VEIN in GRANITE at 138.1 m, 5 to 10 cm wide

UC-

GRANITE from 142.7 to 151.5 m, ~ 8.8 m wide h w d,o 142.7 GRANITE DIKE from 142.7 to 146.5 m, biotite rich, ~ 3.8 m wide

US 79.7-

GRANITE from 146.5 to 151.5 m, grayish white, fine grain, less biotite rich than the granite immediately above, - 5.0 m wide PEGMATITE DIKE from 147.5 to 147.8 m, muscovite- quartz, ~ 0.3 m wide h m 49.0

74.7 BASALT DIKE from 149.7 to 150.1 m, dark greenish gray, altered, - 0.4 m wide BOTTOM OF WELL AT 151.5 m

APPENDIX 173 DEPTH, IN METERS BELOW TOP OF CASING m

1 IX> IXJ t\j ^~ Ul r^ s: o 01 O Ol 0 J H I Z 1 > 1 I I 1 1 I 1 1 1 I 1 I 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 I 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 ^1 1 1 1 ,1,1,1,1,1,1, xxxxxx xxxxxx xAJ^^ xxxxx xxxxxx x/CCCVC* P S 1 t xxx x x xxxx xx x^^^^tf^sssssssssssss^i^a M B m m -^ a -n 7s ALTITUDE, IN METERS ABOVE SEA LEVEL ^^ _ _. _k nt ro ro ro VJ 00 - - 1 r1 \ OtaH s L It// / \ ^^H c to 2. m 5 CO o 3333 w 3 co 3"3 3 U) 3 DIP CODE (DC) -n >-n S 3333 33 3 33 3 3 3 APERTURE CODE (AC) 3 0300 oo 3 OO "0 g 0 T1 ^ 0 21 H 3 3 DESCRIPTORS (DSC) COH RS ro to 5 Tl oo ^J -^N K ro !^[^!2 oo ^4 tn DEPTH TO MIDPOINT (DMP) mm ho '-~j *. b A b> to bob) b '-^ OB CO O^CQ ^ H o ^g z CQ Z CO m O 33 Q." c Z ^ 0) co ^3 33 0 S o > CO 0) < = i O s S I> CD « H 0 Q) 3 ^ Z 3" CD=r CDzt ^> S3 0 S ^ (o o o co z o m 3 CD QL O ~ H H =. =f P" O O * -* CO "i 3 -D ^ m CD o p Q> CO 3 (D P [t ^ 9 SURFA 01 r1 S §o ' 3 O CD St > q -vl 00 3 TJ g CO H i O Km 1« 3 o o n ^2 z O p S. 9: 0 O O 3 CO S 3 8| Q. "O K> m m 5; in O ST Kg * 0 3 » ° CD -g EJ » Q) (O ° 3 CD

p ^ jn _L r+ KP 1 10 O 5T bo (D CO 01 3- (Q p 01 s j» ro S ® p 3 N' 3 o ^,-3 CD CQ 3 o CO O CD ^S 3 j CD ", ro 2.CQ 13^ roCD ^ Q. _. * D) Q> -^ 5" P b = *< 3 B> 01 o Ol gj- (Q "3 §^ o § a. 3 5' O -^ o ^ 6'CQ 3 CO 0 < j * <. p o c - o 52 5T S Q.'S CO. 51 CT ^~p 3 0 S Q. H O *» *< Q CD VC co 01 =r ® f « CD Q. Q) O Z 3 Si or i § 0 $ ", a o & Q. 13 CD CO i oi ^i JrT CO CD z CD ^ i O 01 CO 3 3 3 QL CD o CD 3"(0 K1 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. DC AC DCS DMP 30.5 184.9" GRANITE continued to 30.9 m SCHIST from 30.9 to 38.1 m, gneissic texture, vertical foliation, some augens, biotite-rich, ~ 7.2 m wide

GRANITE DIKE from 33.4 to 33.7 m, ~ 0.3 m wide

180.4-

GRANITE DIKE from 36.6 to 36.7 m, 15 cm wide

GRANITE DIKE from 37.2 to 37.7 m, ~ 0.5 m wide 37.5

38.9 PEGMATITE from 38.1 to 40.2 m, leucocratic, white, ~ 2.1 m wide - 175.4 GRANITE from 40.2 to 46.3 m, ~ 6.1 m wide fz.o 41.5 GRANITE from 40.2 to 43.3 m, gneissic texture, altered, fz, o, e 41.8 chlorite and muscovite, ~ 3.1 m wide

o 42.7 GRANITE from 43.3 to 45.4 m, dark greenish gray, fine r 43.0 grained, biotite-muscovite-quartz-garnet, weakly foliated 43.9 45 170.4

BOTTOM OF WELL AT 46.3 m

APPENDIX 175 DEPTH, IN METERS BELOW TOP OF CASING m o_ O (Q O < 0> o m Q. o ALTITUDE, IN METERS ABOVE SEA LEVEL ro

(D O U

« 3 3 - 3 DIP CODE (DC) 3 S 3 3 3 APERTURE CODE (AC) p o RT 50 o X_ O oa-d 3, p * DESCRIPTORS (DSC) 3 (D (O K M ro to mm tO 00 -vl co O 00 DEPTH TO MIDPOINT (DMP) b> o> b> ro A C/) w below top of casing (5*

CD (/> 03 GO H o> D d H ps m -D o o m to £ CT J^ 2, 9; O I H 0 O Q. O 2.301- S" > CO 2- 03 o ^5: wH On OS Q. O | J-f | 2 y ?? ~* 3- CD CO 1 6' 3 ! ". ~ -*» Z CD (O T) ."' 3 3 00 3> H CQ il-a ° 2. ^ 01 ^ OT » * ^ 3D ' w m 55 3 O O ^ ^ CO CO 3 ^ 3 H o v+ ^ m g CO o ^ £ro PS i 3 > 5 Q} w. 2 3 < fm &S'2<. CO O> g CO <_ ^ o v 52 TI ^ 3 ^* O S. 3 o 0) q^ Q. < o CTo' ff O ^ 0) Ol J CD 3- O 3 m m 3 3 N) jj A) CD § CO 3 CD CQ 0 P &l ro ?> _L »* CQ || § CO CO 00 ^4 -» Q> 0) 2L O (O CD 3 0> ; N' O IV) bo C 3 w ^ C3> CQ cp_ § «< ^ w CD fa >J ^ ^ V o CO Q. "-* CO a. I CO D) 0 C7 ^ ^ CD J o" o w § g- 5 CU 3 3 v5 3 o 3 CD 5L D) 5- S" Q. CO r1 (Q O 3 ^ ro "o ^ 01 CT O CO 3 5' O Q. CQ O) - 00 1 p. 3 3 SL io §J °- CD CD ~ co" go. 5s j* X CD 3 cr ^ CO CD 3 5 o. 5" 2- . CO CD ^ O o^ < 0 ® I o! - -, CO CD Q. w' Q. CD P- 1 3- » o 3 CD *> CO Q. 3 0> (D 3" CD CD 3 (D (Q S =: u» -^ CO g b> ^ Q. Q. *< Q) CO ^' _^ s o! CD 3 ^r. CD U 3 >< =1 = D> 3 2. Q. 3' 3 "5 CO o 3, O < CD Q 2. ff-} ^ 03 o'2J. Q. (0 CL CD 3 w Q. i CD 3 K2 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold

DC AC DCS DMP 30.5 BASALT continued to 30.9 m GRANITE from 30.9 to 41.1 m, grayish white, coarse h n mf2 31.4 grained, biotite-muscovite, ~ 10.2 m wide h n fz, e 32.0

m n P 32.9 h n 33.3 s n 34.0 h n 34.1

m n 35.0 m n 35.3 h n 35.5

s n 36.9 h n mf3, p 36.9 s n 37.1 m n 37.9 h n 38.1 m n 38.4

m m 0 39.0 h n mf2 39.9 - w fz, e 40.4 m n 41.4 BASALT from 41.1 to 43.6 m, 2.5 m wide

h n 44.3 (Fracture zone, fractures too numerous to count, well bore angular and jagged)

m n 44.5 GRANITE from 43.6 to 46.9 m, coarse grained, biotite- m n 44.8 muscovite, 3.3 m wide m n fz 45.1

BASALT from 46.9 to 48.8 m, 1.9 m wide

BOTTOM OF WELL AT 48.8 m

APPENDIX 177 WELL NAME: K3 FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

209.26 <^^». Q_ SAND from 2.1 to 4.0 m, medium sand, some coarse sand and fine gravel, ~ 1.9 m wide Q o ^"" o ^ O t c CO ^ CO UJ Q SAND & GRAVEL from 4.0 to 15.9 m, coarse sand, fine Q gravel, and some medium sand, ~ 11.9 m wide o Q 0 g, PERTURECO ESCRIPTORS ^ o in 204.3. Q o pH ° 0 a. 111 0 Q Q

10 199.3

CO UJ o 15 < 194.3- CO tr LU SAND & GRAVEL from 15.9 to 17.4 m, coarse sand, fine LU gravel, medium sand and few to some small silt balls, ~ 1.5 m wide

SAND from 17.4 to 20.3 m, coarse sand, fine gravel, and some medium sand, ~ 2.9 m wide

20 189.3

BEDROCK SURFACE at 21.5 m

BOTTOM of CASING at 23.8 m SCHIST from 23.8 to 55.3 m, coarse grained with weak 25 184.3- foliation, biotite-muscovite-feldspar quartz-sillimanite and garnet, ~ 29.5 m wide SCHIST from 24.1 to 27.5 m, gneissic texture, weak foliation grading to more foliated schist below, ~ 3.4 m wide

GRANITE DIKE from 28.6 to 28.9 m, muscovite with trace biotite, ~ 0.3 m wide 179.3

178 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire K3 Continued

LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

DC AC DCS DMP I /O.O 1 SCHIST continued to 55.3 m, coarse grained with weak ^ foliation to gneissic texture X v X X* X GRANITE DIKE from 31.4 to 32.0 m, ~ 0.6 m wide

35 O)~j2 to COCO 1

ALTITUDE,INMETERSABOVESEALEVEL

40

SCHIST from 42.7 to 45.0 m, banded, ~ 2.3 m wide

45- 164.3 FELSIC STRINGER at 45.1 m in schist, cross-cutting ^ the steeply dipping foliation, -10 cm wide

_

_

S n 49.5 _. 159.3 ~ h n m\2 50.0

«

^ BOTTOM of WELL AT 53.3 m W 3 _ 155.94

APPENDIX 179 WELL NAME: R1 FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. 0 __ 255.9:

Q_ GRAVEL and SAND from 0.76 to ~ 2.3 m, ~ 1 .5 m wide ^^ £

IPTORS(DSC) TOMIDPOINT LU ofcasinilowtop TILL from 2.3 to 16.9 m, ~ 14.6 m wide Q 0 0 0 TILL from 2.3 to 4.5 m, sandy till with gravels, ~ 2.2 m wide LU 250.9- LU rr Q D O rr O fe 0 LU Q_ Q_ Q_ LU UJ Q Q Q

10 245.J TILL from 4.5 to 16.9 m, gray, silty till, ~ 12.4 m wide

CO ID 8 CD 15 < 240.! ccCO tj111 z BEDROCK SURFACE at 16.9 m of Q

20 235.9- BOTTOM OF CASING at 20.42 m m m 6,0 21.3 GRANITE from 20.4 to 35.1 m, gray, biotite-muscovite, foliated, altered, ~ 14.7 m wide m m mf2,o 22.2 SCHIST from 20.4 to 21.0 m, schist xenolith or lower m m 0 22.5 contact of schist intersecting one side of well, biotite- m n/w fz.o.e 23.0 m n e 23.4 muscovite-quartz-schist, with some garnets and pyrite minerals, ~ 0.6 m wide . m n - 245 25 230.9- m n 24:e

h w mf2,b,y 25.9

h w mf2,e,j 27.0

m w e 29.3 GRANITE from ~ 29.0 to 30.5 m, light olive gray to greenish m/s m mf2,e,o 29.6 m m e,o gray, with some chlorite, ~ 1.5 m wide 30 225.9 30.0 h m mf.e.a 30.2

180 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire R1 Continued FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

DC AC DCS DMP 30.47- 225.46- GRANITE continued to 35.1 m

s n - 31.8

PEGMATITE VEIN at 33.2 m, ~ 4 cm wide

BASALT VEIN at 33.9 m, ~ 2 cm wide

220.9- BASALT DIKE from 35.1 to 37.7 m, dark gray, with some oxidized zones and some felsic phenocrysts, some thermal h m e,j,o,y 36.1 cracks in basalt- not counted as fractures ~ 2.6 m wide h w d,o 36.7 GRANITE from 37.7 to 38.5 m, same as above, ~ 0.8 m h m d,o wide BASALT VEIN from 38.5 to 39.5 m, on one side of well

215.9 BASALT VEIN at 39.9 m, 20 cm wide GNEISS from 38.4 to 41.0 m, ~ 1.6 m wide h n faint 41.1 SCHIST from 41.0 to 56.3 m, ~ 15.3 m wide SCHIST or GNEISS from 41.0 to 45.0 m, biotite-garnet and some pyrite minerals, coarse grained to gneissic texture, m n s 42.5 banded, ~ 4.0 m wide - - P 43.5

s n 0 44.3 h n - 44.3 QUARTZITE layer in schist from 45.0 to 45.6 m, ~ 0.6 m wide, (not shown) S 210.9- . h n 45.4 SCHIST from 45.6 to 56.3 m, medium to fine grained, h n y 45.7 quartz-phlogopite-muscovite-biotite-with some garnets, ~ 10.7 m wide BASALT DIKE from ~ 46.0 to ~ 46.8 m, irregularly shaped, h m 0 47.5 ~ 0.4 m wide

s n 0 48.6 BASALT VEIN at 47.9 m, < 10 cm wide SCHIST from ~ 48.0 to 56.2 m, coarse grained, steeply

en o 205.9- dipping, with augens, ~ 8.2 m wide BASALT from 50.6 to 50.9 m, parallel to foliation, ~ 0.3 m wide

FELSIC VEIN at 54.0 m, ~ 2 cm wide APLITE or FELSIC ZONE in schist from 54.2 to 54.7 m, 200.9- - - P 54.9 ~ 0.5 m wide

GRANITE from 56.2 to 69.0 m, ~ 12.7 m wide GRANITE from 56.3 m to 68.9 m, gray, ~ 12.7 m wide

ALPLITE VEIN at 57.3 m, some borehole enlargement along lower contact, possibly a fracture, ~ 5 cm wide

195.9

APPENDIX 181 R1 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

6095 , X -°"«° DC AC DCS DMF X X GRANITE continued to 69.0 m X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X s n s 63.9 X X X X 65- X X 190.9 X X X X X X _ X X X X X X ~ . - ~" m n 67.3 X X X X - BIOTITE SCHLEIREN at 68.3 m *^y SCHIST from 69.0 m to 70.0 m, gneissic texture with 70 185.9- migmatite from 70.7 to 73.0 m, foliated biotite, steeply X X X dipping, ~ 1.0 m wide X

X X X Xjj*1 X

X xf x *#*JL 0 "~ X X GRANITE from 73.0 to 75.0 m, biotite-muscovite-chlorite, Z X _1 (/) X X LU ~ 2.0 m wide X s n - 74.2 o X X III \. u. X ° 75 uj 180.9- SCHIST from 75.0 to 82.5 m, biotite-muscovite-garnet-quartz- cn feldspar, banded, ~ 7.5 m wide

m n Pf 76.5 DEPTH,INMETERSBELOWTO ALTITUDE,INMETERSABOVE m w Pf 76.8 11i.i / s n pf 77.5

GNEISS at 79.8 m -- banded gneiss from 81.1 to 83.2 m -J en 00o f

m n xf 81.0

GRANITE or GNEISS from 82.5 to 83.5 m, coarse grained, ~ 1.0 m wide

SCHIST from 83.5 to 94.2 m, augened schist, steep foliation,

! altered? ~ 10.7 m wide 85 170.9-

FELSIC ZONE in schist from - 90.0 to 91.5 m, - 1.5 m wide 90 "~ 165.9

182 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire R1 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTl 3 ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. DC AC DCS DMP 91.43 164.50- ~ SCHIST continued to 94.2 m, near vertical foliation

s n 92.3 h n - 92.6 h n 92.9

GRANITE from 94.2 to 134.7 m, ~ 40.5 m wide 1X 95 X X 160.9 X X X ___^_--- X m n s 95.7 X X h n 96.0 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 100 X X 155.9- X s n s 100.1 X X X X X "^^-^^^^ X s m - 101.3 X X X ^Sa^^^~~^ s m mf2,b X X 101.9 X ^~~~.^^ . X X s m 102.9 X X X X X X o X _J z X X LU _^_^--- m m 0 104.4 40 X > X X o 105 X ^ 150.9- u. X X LU 0 X tn ^*«, m w 0 105.8 CL X X UJ X - e X X o X m X X ^ I X tn LU X X QC GRANITE from 107.6 to 120.4 m, greenish yellow, CD X h-UJ W X X UJ muscovite-chlorite granite, fine grained with some QC __ X UJ ^ X X aphanitic zones, ~ 12.8 m wide

LU X 2 X X ^ _ LU Z X X (110.0 to 112.8 m several fractures) 110 - Vx § 145.9- s n mf2 110.0 I ^x ~ ^\ Q. ^ m n - 110.9 UJ _ X X

X X X X X X 135.9 120 - X X . . GRANITE from 120.4 to 123.4 m, grayish white, biotite, ~ X P 120.8 X X / ~ 3.0 m wide X ^^^^ X X s n - 121.0 X X X

APPENDIX 183 R1 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. DC AC DCS DMP 121.91- GRANITE continued to 134.7 m h n - 122.8

s/m n fz,a 124.7 GRANITE from 123.4 to 125.6 m, greenish gray, chlorite 125 130.9- granite (fracture zone: many fractures in different orientations. All of them appear to have narrow to moderate apertures) GRANITE from 125.6 to 129.5 m, biotite granite, ~ 3.9 m s VI d,a 127.1 wide

s n s 128.8 GRANITE from ~ 129.5 to 131.0 m, chlorite-biotite, very 125.9 soft, ~ 1.5 m wide s VJ d,a 131.0 s n a 131.3 (131.2 m fracture zone, intensely fractured) s m d,a 131.9

- - - 132.9

- 133.5 PEGMATITE VEIN at 134.2 m, ~ 1-2 cm wide

- - 34.4 P SCHIST from 134.7 m to 136.4 m, decomposed and altered £ 135- Lu 120.9- h n j,d,a 135.2 looking, felsic schist ~ 1.7 m wide I (Rough borehole wall 135.0 to 135.6) GRANITE from 136.4 to 137.1 m, ~ 0.7 m wide SCHIST from 137.1 to 140.2 m, biotite-chlorite schist, banded, near vertical foliation, ~ 3.1 m wide

m m - 138.1

140 .115.9- GRANITE from 140.2 to 163.0 m, biotite with some to few s n s 141.3 chlorite, gneissic texture, ~ 22.8 m wide h n 141.4 SCHIST from 142.0 to ~ 144.0 m on one side of the well, coarse grained, gradual lower contact, ~ 2.0 m wide

GRANITE from ~ 143.5 to ~ 163.0 m, chlorite with some biotite granite, weakly foliated, ~ 19.5 m wide

145 110.9

s m 147.5 s w e,d,a 148.0

s m a 149.0 s m a 149.5 150 105.9 m n 150.4

184 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire R1 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. 15239 ____ mo*, DC AC DCS DMP X X X GRANITE continued to 163.0 m ~~ X X X ^.^^ X ^^r m n mf2 153.4 X X X X X X 155- X X 100.9 X X X ~~ X X X ;/ X s n s,a 156.0 X X (^r X s/h n a 157.0 X X >^ X X X X X X s n s 158.5 X - X X X m n 158.8 X X X s/n X ~^\ n fz,j,a 159.6 160 - X X (Several steeply dipping fractures intersect the borehole at X 95.9 _ X X 159.5 to 161.0 m. Borehole is very angular.) X ____^^ s n 9 160.8 X X * X X X X _ h n - 161.8 X X X X X _ h n - 163.1 _ ^7 SCHIST from 163.0 to 165.9 m, greenish quartz rich _ (quartzite?), near vertical foliation, ~ 2.9 m wide ^ " m w e,a,j 164.2 _-^~ m w a,e,j 164.7 (Fracture zone from 164.5 to 167.5 m) 1 165- jri 90-9- ^ w fz,e,j 165.2 o _ UJ BOTTOM OF HOLE AT 165.5 m. The well has an enlarged and LL X 0 X X $ angular diameter at 165.5 m. The hole was originally drilled Q. IX V) X X UJ to 193.5 m but caved in at this fracture or fault zone. e X ^ X X o X CQ 1 - X X VIDEO LOG NO! All descriptions of the well are based only on descriptions of UJ X w CO X X tt AVAILABLE UJ rock cuttings and drilling conditions. Hence there are no w X h- cc X X UJ fractures noted below this point. Contacts are approximate. UJ X X X | 170- X - 85.9- NO FRACTURES X X GRANITE from 165.9 to 173.7 m, - 6.2 m wide 2 UJ X Q X X :D NOTED I X t- t X X X b UJ *£ Q X X X _ X X X

X X X SCHIST from 173.7 to 175.0 m, ~ 1.3 m wide

GRANITE from 175.0 to 176.8 m, - 1.8 m wide 175 - 80.9- X X X X X X X X SCHIST and QUARTZITE from 176.8 180.0 m, very hard drilling -Quartz-biotite aggregates with trace of sulfide minerals, lacks foliation, possibly quartzite with sulfide minerals, ~ 3.2 m wide

SCHIST from 180.0 to 193.5 m, quartz-biotite aggregates, 180- 75.9 some sulfide minerals in the schist, -13.5 m wide

I APPENDIX 185 R1 Continued

LITHOLOGY FRACTURES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. 182.87_____ 73.06- SCHIST continued to 193.5 m

z 185 70.9^ VIDEO LOG NOT AVAILABLE SCHIST from 186 to 189 m, biotite schist with lesser ] amounts of quartz and feldspar than above, -3m NO FRACTURES NOTED

-.65.9- ui Q

PEGMATITE from 192 to 193.5 m, soft rock, - 1.5 m wide, (very fast drilling, which indicates the likely location of the pegmatitic muscovite or the possibility of fractures)

193.5 60.9 BOTTOM of DRILLED HOLE at 193.5 m

186 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire WELL NAME: RR1

. FRACTURE DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. LITHOLOGY FRACTURES3 ATTRIBUTES 0 ^M 184.4 tL SAND from 0.9 to 2.4 m, medium to coarse sand and fine Q gravel, ~ 1.5 m wide O t;° BOULDERS or GRAVEL from 2.4 to 3.0 m, some fresh rock O = w chips, ~ 0.6 m wide o cc PERTURECODE( ESCRIPTORS(DS 2^f 0 9 ° SAND from 3.0 to 6.7 m, medium to coarse and fine gravel, CD ^ o ~ 3.7 m wide HI 179.4- Q o o Q. HI BOULDER/COBBLE layer from 6.7 to 7.9 m, ~ 1.2 m wide Q Q 0 SILT and CLAY from 7.9 to 10.0 m, brownish gray, ~ 2.1 m wide

10 BOULDER LAYER from 10.0 to 10.3 m, ~ 0.3 m wide

SAND and SILT from 10.3 to 13.1 m, medium to coarse sand O and silt, ~ 2.8 m wide c/5 < O u. O SAND and GRAVEL from 13.1 to 23.8 m, very fine to coarse Q. R sand with fine gravels, brown, ~ 10.7 m wide 1 16 : 169.4 UJ m at cc UJ fc z.

20 164.4-

TILL from 23.8 to 27.7 m, ~ 3.9 m wide

25 159.4

BEDROCK SURFACE at 27.7 m

30 154.4-

APPENDIX 187 RR1 Continued

DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DC AC DCS DMP 1 \J\J.*J*J BOTTOM OF CASING at 31.1 m 5 GRANITE from 31.1 to 62.0 m, biotite rich, coarse to medium grained, ~ 34.4 m wide s§X

~ X X X PEGMATITE VEIN at 31.2 m, ~ 3 cm wide X X X PEGMATITE VEIN at 31.5 m, ~ 5 cm wide X X X PEGMATITE VEIN at 31.6 m, ~ 1 -2 cm wide 35 X 149.4 -^ X X FELSIC BAND at 32.1 m, ~ 10 cm wide

X X PEGMATITE VEIN from 32.3 to 32.6 m, ~ 0.3 m wide X PEGMATITE VEIN at 33.0, ~ 10 cm wide - %v PEGMATITE at 35.6 m, ~ 4 cm wide X _ X X APLITE DIKE from 35.8 to 36.0 m, - 20 cm wide X X X PEGMATITE DIKE from 36.8 to 37.4 m, irregular contact, X X X ~ 0.6 m wide X X X 40 X X X 144.4 -V- \~~ ~ PEGMATITE from 40.3 to 40.7 m, ~ 0.4 m wide X X X X X X FELSIC CONTACT from 42.7 to 43.3 m, ~ 0.6 m wide _ X X X " FELSIC ZONE from 43.4 to 43.9 m, on one side of well, X -J 0 V z UJ ~ 0.5 m wide to UJ o _ 5: u_ y UJ O X X to 0. X UJ £ 45 X X > 139.4- X CO X X ^ O X to X X o: PEGMATITE at 46.8 m, ~ 0.1 m wide UJ X UJ CO to" X UJ oc a. ^> FELSIC BAND at 47.3 m, ~ _ m wide UJ x H 2 UJ _ X X FELSIC BAND from 47.2 to 47.4 m, ~ 0.2 m wide X UJ ** K. Q FELSIC BAND at 47.5 m, ~ _ m wide 2 X 1-ID X X X PEGMATITE from 48.3 to 48.4 m, ~ 0.1 m wide I- X 0. X X tj*^ GRANITE from 49.0 to 50.4 m, felsic rich, medium grained, UJ X X X ~ 1.4 m wide ° 50 X 134.4 - _ X X X X X FELSIC BAND at 51.6, ~ 1 cm wide _ X PEGMATITE at 51.9 m, - 20 cm wide FELSIC BAND at 52.1 m, ~ 15 cm wide _ X PEGMATITE from 52.6 to 53.0 m, quartz, few feldspar

X X ~ 0.4 m wide X X X X X X X 55 ~~ X X X 129.4- 5F-_£ PEGMATITE from 55.5 to 55.7 m, ~ 20 cm wide - X X X _ X X X X X FELSIC BAND at 57.4 m, gradual contact ~ 1.5 cm wide - X X X X X FELSIC BAND from 58.5 to 58.7 m, ~ 3-4 cm wide - X - m m mf2,o,a,y 58.9 X X PEGMATITE at 59.6 m, ~ 10 cm wide

60 X 124.4 X X ~ X X X

188 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire RR1 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. DC AC DCS DMP 60.95 ,- 123.4 GRANITE continued to 62.0 m PEGMATITE VEIN from 61 .2 to 61 .6 m, ~ 0.4 m wide PEGMATITE from 62.0 to 65.5 m, felsic-biotites, ~ 3.5 m wide

GRANITE from 65.5 to 68.0 m, biotite (-muscovite?)- 2.5 m wide

65 119.4 top of APLITE/PEGMATITE at 67.0 m

X X PEGMATITE from 68.0 to 71.1 m, schlieren - steep, ~ 3.1 m X X X wide X X X GRANITE from 71.1 to 85.3 m, medium to coarse grained, X X X biotite-muscovite granite, ~ 14.2 m wide

x 70 114.4- PEGMATITE from 71.7 to 72.2 m, biotites along bottom edge, ~ 0.5 m wide

FELSIC BAND at 73.4 m, ~ 10 to15 cm wide FELSIC BAND at 74.0 m, ~ 10 cm wide FELSIC BAND at 74.6 m, ~ 10 cm wide PEGMATITE from 74.9 to 75.3 m, ~ 0.4 m

75 i 109.4

PEGMATITE from 77.5 to 78.3 m, ~ 0.8 m

GRANITE from 78.3 to 85.3 m, same as above, ~ 7.0 m wide

80 h 104.4- GRANITE with biotite schlieren from 80.9 to 81.0, ~ 0.1 m wide

FELSIC BAND from 83.2 to 83.4 m, ~ 2 cm wide

85 99.4 - PEGMATITE from 85.3 to 86.5 m, ~ 1.2 m wide

GRANITE from 86.5 to 140.6 m ~ 54.1 m wide

PEGMATITE from 87.1 to 87.8 m, ~ 0.7 m wide X X X X X PEGMATITE from 88.7 to 89.1 m, ~ 0.4 m wide 94.4 90 PEGMATITE from 90.0 to 90.3 m, 0.3 m wide X X X X X

APPENDIX 189 RR1 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. DC AC DCS DMP ' X X X GRANITE continued to 119.9 m X X X - X X X X X X X _ X X X - X X X 95 - X X 89.4 _ X X X X X X X X X _ X X X - X X X X X X ~ X X X X _ X X X 100 X X 84.4 _ X _ X X - X PEGMATITE at 101.3 m, - 4 cm wide - X X X - X PEGMATITE from 102.8 to 103.6 m, - 0.8 m wide

7^- BIOTITE-GRANITE from 104.2 to 104.4 m, coarse, ~ 0.2 m 0 - 2 '>SCvi UJ wide CO X X ______PEGMATITE BAND from 104.6 to 104.7 m, ~ 0.1 m wide o 105 X §79.4_ s w a,e 105.1 u. X X Ul 0 X CO X X Q. UJ Q X h- 0 FELSIC BANDS at 107.6, 107.7, and 107.8 m, each ~ 1- X m § X X ^ 5 cm wide g X CO Ul X X tr CD X t-Ul CO X X Ul EC X _> Ul X X h- _ X 2

^ X X ^ _ Ul X X GRANITE from 110.2 to 110.3 m, medium to fine grained, \ 11 °- X § 74.4 _ X X ~ 0.1 m wide Q. X !5 UJ X X APLITE DIKE from 111.5 to 111.8 m, - 0.3 m wide Q -x___x_X "*~ x-

X _ X X X X X - X X X X X X X X X PEGMATITE from.115.9 to 116.5 m, ~ 0.6 m wide 115 X 69.4_ X X X FELSIC BAND at 117.2 m, in coarse two-mica granite, ~ 1- -.._ :£_? s . s 116.5 5 cm wide X PEGMATITE from 117.8 to 117.9 m, in coarse two-mica

- X X granite, ~ 0.1 m wide PEGMATITE from 118.1 to 118.5 m, gradual contact, ~ 0.4 m wide sX X X X s n s 119.5 - X X PEGMATITE from 119.9 to 120.9 m, with altered sections, 120 64.4 _ ~ 1.0 m wide $ GRANITE from 120.9 to 140.6 m, ~ 19.7 m wide X X - X X X

190 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire RR1 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. DC AC DCS DMP x X X GRANITE continued to 140.6 m X X X X 123.0 x x X X X X x x X 125 X X 59.4 FELSIC BAND at 125.8 m, - 4 cm wide X X X FELSIC BAND at 126.4 m, ~ 3 cm wide x X X FELSIC BAND at 126.5 m, ~ 10 cm wide ~ x 5T PEGMATITE VEIN at 127.0 m, ~ 10 cm wide =*= X X FELSIC BAND at 127.8 m, ~ 3 cm wide X FELSIC BAND at 128.3 m, ~ 3 cm wide X - APLITE at 129.9 m, < 10 cm wide X

X X X 130 X X 54.4 _ X X X FELSIC BAND/PEGMATITE at 131.0, ~ 4 cm wide X PEGMATITE in biotite granite at 131.6 m, - 5 cm wide X X X PEGMATITE 132.4 m, ~ 20.0 cm wide

_2 X x x _ X X X APLITE DIKE at 134.4 m, ~ 0.1 m wide ^ X o Sr- z 135 X X APLITE/PEGMATITE at 135.1 m CO ~ .. uj 49.4 - X X LU PEGMATITE from 135.7 to 136.1 m, - 0.4 m wide 0 *>«* _J LL _ O X LU Q. X X CO - X LU g X X - X s O X X m _l LU x x CO PEGMATITE from 138.9 to 139.2 m, ~ 0.3 m wide co _ X a: CO X X LU oc LU LU1- --«^x x PEGMATITE from 139.6 to 140.0, ~ 0.4 m wide LU _ PEGMATITE at 140.6 m, ~ 0.1 m wide 140 u} 44'4 - 2 ^ o PEGMATITE from 140.6 to 141.9 m, - 1.3 m wide I \A (- GRANITE from 141.9 to 146.7 m, fine to medium grained, t ~ x\/ LU s\ b ~ 4.8 m wide 0 <- * X x x X ^ X X X x x __ X X X _ X X X X 39.4 _ 145 PEGMATITE from 145.3 to 145.7 m, ~ 0.4 m wide ^ FELSIC BAND at 146.6m PEGMATITE from 146.7 to 147.9 m, ~ 1.2 m wide GRANITE from 147.9 to 165.2 m, ~ 17.3m wide PEGMATITE from 148.1 to 148.4 m, ~ 0.3 m wide Tr-»r PEGMATITE from 148.6 to 148.9 m, - 0.3 m wide X * x_ 150 .X X FELSIC BAND from 149.6 to 149.8 m, ~ 1.0 cm wide

8 PEGMATITE from 150.2 to 150.7 m, ~ 0.5 m wide x1 ~ x x _ X PEGMATITE from 151.0 to 151.3 m, ~ 0.3 m wide X X

APPENDIX 191 RR1 Continued

FRACTURE 3LOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. OOA , DC AC DCS DMP en^tN>|*-*-*-j. S »->J->Ja> en :CO, 0_| 50 01 u, X GRANITE continued to 165.2 m

X X PEGMATITE from 152.7 to 153.2 m, ~ 0.5 m wide XT PEGMATITE from 153.3 to 155.0, ~ 1.7 m wide ^ 29.4 ___ _ r--s APLITE BAND from 155.0 to 155.2 m, ~ 0.2 m wide

X X X X X GRANITE from 155.7 to 155.9 m, fine grained, ~ 20 cm X X X wide X X X PEGMATITE from 155.4 to 156.2 m, ~ 0.8 m wide X X X X 5111I.1, X X X X X APLITE from 159.6 to 160.0 m, - 0.4 m wide 24.4

X X FELSIC BAND at 160.2m *^ PEGMATITE from 160.6 to 160.9 m, ~ 0.3 m wide X -SH?X X APLITE/PEGMATITE from 161.7 to 162.0 m, ~ 0.3 m wide X _X __ X FELSIC BAND at 162.8 m, ~ 3 cm wide

X X X X X X X X X X X _j 19.4- PEGMATITE from 165.2 to 166.2 m, - 1.0 m wide UJ GRANITE from 166.2 to 173.2 m, biotite-muscovite, medium UJ _l to coarse grained, not foliated, ~ 7.0 m wide ^ < DEPTH,METERSINBELOWOFCASINGTOP UJ FELSIC BAND from 166.4 to 166.6 m, ~ 3 cm wide X w ^v^ UJ PEGMATITE from 166.9 to 167.1 m, - 10 cm wide > X X o FELSIC BAND/PEGMATITE, at 168.4 m, ~ 10 cm wide X CO X X < PEGMATITE at 168.9 m, ~ 10 cm wide U) X X cc UJ 2ssj£ ^- X X LU PEGMATITE from 170.7 to 171.1 m, - 0.4 m wide X 2 X X PEGMATITE at 171.3 m, < 10 cm wide X Z 14.4 X X UJ' Q =

. X X 9.4 X X FELSIC BAND at 177.1 m, ~ 2 cm wide _ X FELSIC BAND from 177.2 to 177.7 m, gradual contacts X X X FELSIC BAND at 178.2 m, ~ 2 cm wide X h n 176.5 PEGMATITE from 179.4 to 179.9 m X

X X X APLITE at 180.1 m, - 1-5 cm wide X ~--^ s m a.y 178.8 X X APLITE from 181.0 to 181.3 m, biotites on edge of aplite/ >z schlieren, ~ 0.3 m wide IOU 4.4 PEGMATITE from 182.5 to 182.7 m, ~ 20 cm wide X X X BOTTOM OF WELL AT 184.1 m X

X X X X X X -$5jx- finn

192 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire WELL NAME: T1

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. 229.08 [L c UDPOINT(Dl\ SAND from 0.61 to 2.4 m, ~ 1.8 m wide O 0 ofcasingop CO UJ ~ O O CO O CC LJJ BEDROCK SURFACE at 3.7 m UJ CC o| Q 1 0 DC EJO 224.1- O i 0 UJ CO a. Q. Q. UJ u Q Q Q BOTTOM OF CASING at 6.10 m m n 0 6.2 SCHIST from 6.1 to 48.2 m, biotite, quartz, feldspar, and trace h n 0 6.7 chlorite, with trace oxidation, steeply dipping foliation, -42.1 m wide

m m o.xf 8.4 . n p , 8.7 s m o,pf 9.3

10 219.1 9.9 h n j 10.7

s - 0 11.4 h w fz.o 12.0 h n . 12.5 h n 12.8

CO UJ o m m m « < 214.1- 15.2 SCHIST from ~ 15.0 to 18.5 m, biotite schist with quartz and ccCO h n e 15.3 UJ trace amounts of garnet, fine grained, ~ 3.5 m wide m m 16.1

h n xf 19.2 h,n mfS.b 19.5 20 209.1- h n mf2,xf 19.8 m w fz,e,j,xf 20.7 h w mf3,e,xf 21.0 SCHIST from 21.5 to 25.0 m, many garnets, ~ 3.5 m wide

m w a,xf,o 23.5 h w/n mf3,xf,o, 23.8

25 204.1 _

s n P-Pf 26.2

PEGMATITE DIKE from 27.9 to 29.6 m, parallel to foliation, feldspar, quartz, biotite, muscovite and trace epidote ~ 1.7 m wide

30 199.1- GRANITE DIKE from 30.2 to 31.1 m, ~ 1.1 m wide

APPENDIX 193 T1 Continued

LITHOLOGY FRACTURES HftSI DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. Al I HID 30.47 1 Qfl R1 DC AC DCS DMP X X X GRANITE continued to 31.1 m SCHIST from 31.1 to 48.2 m, quartz, feldspar muscovite, biotite with garnet, steeply dipping foliation, fine grained with some felsic augens and some banding, ~ 17.1 m wide PEGMATITE DIKE from 32.6 to 33.2 m, ~ 0.6 m wide

X-^ GRANITE DIKE from 33.8 to 34.2 m, ~ 0.4 m wide

35 194.1- FELSIC ZONE in schist from ~ 35.0 to ~ 36.5 m, ~ 1.0 m wide

-

_ ~ y* 40 \ 189.1 m n pf s w e,pf ^

_

% s w e,pf ^ % O _i 2 - % UJ CO UJ ^^ m n mf2 < _i o ^f/j JTOPOF -tkOl IIi DE,INMETERSABOVESE< 00.&. s m a,pf

m n pf GRANITE from 48.2 to 54.9 m, biotite granite, weakly foliated X X D ^ s n p.exfol X 1- i X X ~ 6.7 m wide Q. \X b h n - X X < UJ . . Q 50 - X == fz,e,a (Fracture zone extends from 49.7 to 50.6 m. Fractures are X X 179.1- s== X ~ oriented in multiple directions. Fractures are too numerous X X m n . _ X to count.) X X - -~_ m n . X ~~~ . m n . X X X _ X X X _ X X X - m P X X ~~ -<^ s m - X X X s n - ~ X X X - . h n - 55 - 174.1 m m SCHIST from 54.9 to 85.3 m, coarse grained, gneissic texture, steeply dipping foliation, ~ 30.4 m wide

_

60 ~ 169.1- 194 Lithologyi and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire T1 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. 6no^ , eo ,, DC AC DCS DM SCHIST continued to 85.3 m

65 164.1

PEGMATITE DIKE from 67.4 to 68.3 m, cross-cuts the h n e 67.6 h w mf2,e,a 67.8 foliation of the schist, ~ 0.9 m wide h w e,a 68.0 (Fractures are completely within the pegmatite)

70

~

75 182 rT ALTITUDE,INMETERSABOVESEALEVEL

^

_ PEGMATITE or felsic zone in schist from 77.0 to 77.6 m, coarse grained, gradational contacts with schist above and below, ~ 0.6 m wide SCHIST at 76.8 m, extremely fine grained coticule (quartz and garnet layer), parallel to the foliation of the schist, 80 ~ 5 cm wide - (not shown) h m xf 80.2 h n xf 80.5

85- PEGMATITE from 85.3 to 85.6 m, gradational contact with 2-^~5e granite below, ~ 0.3 m wide

X X GRANITE from 85.6 to 121.9 m, fine to coarse grained, weakly ~ X X foliated, ~ 36.3 m wide x X _ X X __ X ^-v. X s n . 88.3 X m w - 88.5 - - X m n 88.8 _ X - n X ^ P 89.5 90"" X ' - _ h n - 90.0 X 139.1 X m m . X 90.7 X h n mf3 91.0

APPENDIX 195 T1 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. 91.43- DC AC DCS DMP GRANITE continued to 121.9 m

m n 92.7 GRANITE from ~ 91.5 to 93.0 m, medium to coarse grained m n mf3 93.3 with sulfide minerals, ~ 1.5 m wide

h n 94.8 95 134.1 m n 95.2 m m mf2,b 95.7

s n - 96.6

s n - 97.4 - n fz,j,e 98.0 (Borehole wall is rough from 97.8 to 98.1 m)

h n - 99.4 100 129.1

m n 1 00.8

s m - 101.5

s m - 102.5

h n i 104.0 h n s 104.3 105 124.1 h n - 105.4

X' m n 107.0 (Borehole wall is rough from 107.9 to 108.3 m) h w i 108.2 h m mf2 108.8 (Borehole wall is rough from 109.1 to 109.4 m) h w 109.5 s m 110 - 119.1 110.0 m n X 110.3

S n a 112.8

115 114.1 n p 115.8 SCHIST XENOLITH at 115.8 m, dusky brown, fine grained, biotite-rich schist, ~ 20 cm long - n mf2,p 116.4 X X X X X s n 117.3 X X X X X X X x x SCHIST (?) LAYER at 119.6 m, extremely fine grained, 120 - 109.1 greenish brown layer, ~ 10 cm wide

196 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire T1 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. 91 Qi .m-n* DC AC DCS DMP \v/ . \u SCHIST from 121.9 to 126.2 m, dark greenish gray, coarse grained with some weak banding, with some garnets, ~ 4.3 m wide 1

125 104.1 m n P-s 125.3 .- - s n pf 125.7 GRANITE from 126.2 to 129.2 m, greenish white, with -1 microcline, fine to medium grained, ~ 3.0 m wide X X BASALT INCLUSION at 126.3 m, extremely fine grained, X X X - 15 cm long X X X BASALT from 129.2 to 130.4 m, olive gray, extremely fine X grained, equigranular, ~ 1.2 m wide

130 99.1 SCHIST from 130.4 to 152.4 m, fine to coarse grained, steeply i dipping foliation, with some quartz layers, ~ 22.0 m wide

135

ALTITUDE,\NMETERSABOVESEALEVEL

~

_

140 S

n P 141.8 --.- m n s 142.0

MS-

ISO

BOTTOM of WELL at 152.4 m

APPENDIX 197 WELL NAME: TR1

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

249.29 Q. UNCONSOLIDATED SEDIMENTS from 0.73 to 49.5 m, Q ~ 48.8 m wide O nr d ^ 0 ^ CO LJJ (0 Q £ o O CO go o O DC LU LJJ CC R 0. of 244.3- Q ID £ "® O DC O £ O 111 CO Q_ Q. LU LU Q Q Q

10 239.; I I NOTE: Casing from 10 to 44 m not shown I I

44 meters

45 f?, 204.G

50 199.3-

BEDROCK SURFACE at 51.6 m

BOTTOM OF CASING at 53.2 m s w a 53.8 GRANITE from 53.2 to 104.6 m, biotite-muscovite, with trace chlorite, fine-grained equigranular texture, highly altered, m n mf2,a 54.7 ~ 51.4 m wide 194.3- = s m mf2,a,b 55.0 h w fz,e 55.8 h m . 56.1 h m . 56.4 h m a, d 56.7 m n a,o 56.9 BASALT from 56.9 to 57.2 m, ~ 0.3 m wide

h n mf2,b 58.2 m n 58.4 m n 58.5

PEGMATITE at 59.7 to 60.1 m, ~ 0.4 m wide 189.3 - m P 60.7 h n - 61.0

198 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire TR1 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. DC AC DCS DMP 60.95 188.34 GRANITE continued to 104.6 m s n a 62.1

h w 0 62.8 h w e 63.2 h/m m mf5,b 63.4 h n . 63.7 s w/n a 64.3

65- 184.3- h n . 64.9 m n mf2 65.2 m n mf2 65.8 h n . 66.4 h n - 66.7 h n . 67.4 h n - 67.7 ' P 67.8 h n mf2,p,s,b 68.4 h - b 68.9 s m a 69.3 69.8 70 179.3 h m/w mf3,a GRANITE from 70.5 to 89.8 m, chlorite-muscovite granite m m a 70.6 with trace biotite, rock matrix looks altered, ~ 19.4 m wide m m mf3,a,e 70.7 m n . 71.4 h n . 71.6 P 71.9 m w mf2,d,a 72.5 m w mf2,a 72.8 m w mf2,a 73.1 _ LU m m d 73.8 LU h/m w mf2 74.8 75 LU 174.3 - CO P 75.3 LU s n mf2,a 75.9 ms - - < P 76.3 V) m m cc mf2,p,d,a 76.9 LU h n . 77.2 s m mf2 77.8

m m - 78.6 m n mf2 79.3 s/h n mf3,b 79.8 80- 169.3-

s/m n mf2 81.0

h n mf2,d,a,e 81.7 h n mf2,e 81.9

m m mf3 83.1 m m d 83.5

h/m m mf2,d 84.6 85 164.3- s n 85.3 s n m»3,b 85.6 m m 86.1 m a 86.4 IIh n mf4 86.5 h n mf4 86.9 m n e 87.6 (intense fracturing from 88.4 to 89.7 m, then solid, s m - 88.0 unfractured rock at 89.9 m) h n mf5 88.5 h n mf5,d 88.9 h n mf5 89.5 m n GRANITE from 89.7 to 104.6 m, biotite-muscovite granite, 159.3- 89.7 90 ~ 14.9 m wide

APPENDIX 199 TR1 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. . DC AC DCS DMP X X X GRANITE continued to 104.6 m "3 h n xf 92.7 GRANITE from 91.8 to 95.0 m, some fine-grained biotite and pegmatitic feldspar and quartz, gneissic texture, h w e,a <&JIf 93.6 x(r x h w 93.9 steeply dipping foliation, ~ 3.2 m y\,*T h m mf2,d 94.3 ^>-^ 95 J«-x 154.3 GRANITE from 95.0 to 104.5 m, chlorite-muscovite granite, X h n d,a 95.4 X X h n e,d,a 95.7 appears to be decomposed and altered, ~ 9.5 m wide X X X (Intensely fractured zone from 96.0 to 98.5 m. Fractures are X X X too numerous to count) X ^ h n - X X 97.2 X = * X X X '-' -; - X X X X X h w mf5,e 99.0 (Intensely fractured zone from 99.0 to 99.7 m. Fractures are X h w e 99.4 X X too numerous to count) X h n - 99.8 100 X X 159.3- X X X - (Intensely fractured zone from 100.5 to 102.5 m. Fractures X m n 100.7 X X are too numerous to count) X h n d 101.3 X X X X X X m w 0 102.4 X X m w 102.7 X X X X X X x _i UJ h m d,o 104.2 SCHIST from 104.6 to 105.9 m, coarse-grained texture, with ui some augens, ~ 1.3 m wide 105 -> 154.3- <

DEPTH,BELOWTOPINMETERSOFCASING UJ CO _^-- s n - 105.9 X X UI GRANITE 105.9 to 107.9 m, ~ 2.0 m wide X %X X 0 X - CD h n 107.0 X X < Rock matrix appears to be rotten and decomposed from X CO X X CC 108.8to 110.3m UI UJ SCHIST from 107.9 to 122.7 m, same as above, ~ 14.8 m __ 5. . wide 2 m n pf 108.8 , -- P 109.1 GRANITE 109.4 to 110.3 m, ~ 0.9 m wide uT ^X *x 110 - = 149.3-

< SCHIST from 110.3 to 113.1 m, felsic rich schist, with some augens, near horizontal to moderately dipping foliation, ~ 2.8 m wide

X X X X X GRANITE DIKE from 113.1 to 113.8 m, leucocratic, altered and decomposed looking, ~ 0.5 m wide

115 144.3- GRANITE VEIN at 115.2 m, ~ 10 cm wide

GRANITE VEIN at 116.7 m, ~ 15 cm wide

BASALT DIKE at 118.4 m, ~ 0.2 m wide

120 139.3- BASALT DIKE from 121.0 to 121.3m, basalt and schist - m n a 121.0 appear to be altered, ~ 0.3 m wide i 200 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire TR1 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. 0,0, HO, oo DC AC DCS DMP SCHIST continued to 122.7 m GRANITE DIKE from 122.7 to 123.7 m, ~ 1.0 m wide

SCHIST from 123.7 to 126.5 m, ~ 2.8 m wide 125 i 124.3 GRANITE DIKE from 126.5 to 128.3 m, ~ 1.8 m wide

x x ix> SCHIST from 128.3 to 140.5 m, fine grained, biotite-rich with trace garnet, ~ 12.2 m wide

COCOo en ^CO COCO I

III1!1

FELSIC VEIN at 134.0 m, sub-parallel to foliation, ~ 2 to 3 cm wide

TERSBELOWTOPOFCASING METERSABOVESEALEVEL

UJ ^ 5 140 Vr ~- 109.3- z ^*"d^4 GRANITE DIKE from 140.5 to 142.0 m, coarse-grained x" o i-^ texture, -1.5 m wide x ^ - - P 141.1 t X v b SCHIST from 141.7 to 142.0 m, schist same as above, ~ 0.3 m UJ < Q g* wide - x x X ^~ X X GRANITE DIKE from 142.0 to 145.0 m, - 1.5 m wide - h n x x _ X X X - X SCHIST from 145.0 to 146.5 m, biotite schist with trace garnet, 145 104.3 ~ 1.5 m wide

GRANITE from 146.5 to 159.7 m, biotite-muscovite granite, _ m n 143.9 & s ~ 13.2m wide X ^ ~- - X X m n - 147.2 _x SCHIST from 147.8 to 148.5 m, same as above, ~ 0.7 m h n d 148.4 wide ^ ^ X _ X X h n P 148.7 X x x X 150 X X 99.3 X x x

x ^ SCHIST XENOLITH at 151.18 m, - 0.3 m wide _ X x x X X X

APPENDIX 201 TR1 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. DC AC DCS DMP 152.39 96.90- GRANITE continued to 159.7 m

X X PEGMATITE from 152.4 to 153.7 m, ~ 1.3 m wide X X X 155 94.3- PEGMATITE from 155.1 to 155.6 m, ~ 0.5 m wide

X X X X X PEGMATITE from 157.0 to 157.3 m, ~ 0.3 m wide

X X X X X X m n s 158.6 X X SCHIST from at 159.7 to 162.8 m, - 3.1 m wide 160 89.3- GRANITE DIKE from 160.0 to 160.3 m, greenish white, chlorite-rich, ~ 0.3 m wide

X X GRANITE from 162.8 to 165.8 m, ~ 3.0 m wide X X X X X X X X X 165 X 84.3- X X SCHIST from 165.8 to 169.5 m, ~ 3.7 m wide GRANITE VEIN at 166.2 m, ~ 20 cm wide < UJ CO LU o

GRANITE from 174.0 to 180.7 m, ~ 6.7 m wide

X X X 175 X X 74.3 X X X m n 175.9 X X X X X X X X X X m n 177.2 X X SCHIST from 178.3 to 178.7 m, ~ 0.4 m wide X X X X X 180 69.3- PEGMATITE at 180.1 m, - 0.2 m wide SCHIST from 180.7 to 182.6 m, ~ 1.9 m wide

GRANITE from 182.6 to 183.8 m, ~ 1.2 m wide

202 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire TR1 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. , 182.87 ,,,o DC AC DCS DMP X z X X GRANITE continued to 183.8 m

SCHIST from 183.8 to 187.2 m, biotite schist with trace garnet, FERSTOPBELOWOFCAS SEATERSABOVELEVEL - COen m n 184.7 IIIi cn£t CO I ~ 3.4 m wide

FELSIC ZONE in schist at -186.0 m, - 20 cm wide I GRANITE from 187.2 to190.5 m, ~ 3.3 m wide

UJ i.X UJ 2 X X 5 X z 2 X X X I "~ uT X X Q X ft 190 X X m n - 189.9 BOTTOM of WELL at 190.5 m Q X 5 59.3- X X <

APPENDIX 203 WELL NAME: TR2

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. DC AC DCS DMP 232.94 SAND and GRAVEL from 0.70 to 2.0 m, ~ 1.3 m wide

TILL from ~ 2.0 to 13.2m, ~ 11.2 m wide 227.9-

10 222.J

BEDROCK SURFACE at 13.2 m

OT tu

15 $217.9- ccV) BOTTOM OF CASING at 16.2 m m n 16.4 SCHIST from 16.2 to 17.2 m, greenish gray / black, banded, h m mf2 17.1 ~ 1.0 m wide

h n mf2,p,b 18.3 GRANITE from 17.2 to 25.3 m, greenish white, coarse grained h n P 18.4 with some fine grained zones, some trace oxidation, with biotite schlieren, ~ 8.1 m wide

20 -H 212.9- PEGMATITE from 19.4 to 19.7 m, muscovite, gradual lower s n 0 20.3 contact, ~ 0.3 m wide h n s 21.2 (microcracks oserved at 20.7 and 21.5 m, as comparison to core) s n mf2,b 21.8 s m e,j,mf2,b 22.7 (Fracture zone from 70 to 81 feet, Fault zone?? altered, m n mf2 23.1 m n mf2 23.3 rock wall looks very porous and rough) s n mf2 23.8 m n j,mf2,p 24.5 25 207.9- s n pf 25.3 PEGMATITE from 24.4 to 24.8 m, ~ 0.4 m wide

SCHIST from 25.3 to 26.5 m, greenish brown, biotite-chlorite m n mf3 27.0 schist, near vertical foliation, extremely fine grained, h n mf4 27.3 h n mf4 27.6 - 1.2 m h n mf3 27.9 GRANITE from 26.5 to 30.6 m, greenish white, predominantly h n mf4 28.2 h n mf2 28.5 quartz (90%) and some biotite, ~ 4.1 m wide m n mf2 28.8 i n mf4 29.1 h n mf4 29.4 PEGMATITE VEIN at 30.1 m, vein quartz, ~ 10 cm wide h n o,mf2 29.4 30 202.9- (Some of the narrow fractures from 27 to 30 m may be "microcracks" rather than narrow fractures. There were more cracks in this zone in addition to the ones noted that 204 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire TR2 Continued FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

DC AC DCS DMF 30 47 ?m &.-J ~ p,mf3 30.9 GRANITE continued to 30.6 m h n mf2 31.2 SCHIST from 30.6 to 34.5 m, altered, highly fractured, banded, n mf2,pf ^ s 31.6 steeply dipping foliation, ~ 3.9 m wide h n 32.1 h n 32.8 h u micro 32.6

^ ^ h n oO.O FELSIC VEIN at 33.5 m, ~ 2cm wide 1 h n oo.oQO Q %& h n 34.1 FELSIC VEIN at 34.2 m, ~ 2 cm wide (multiple microcracks from 106 to 108 feet) 35 x x 197.9- QUARTZ from 34.5 to ~ 40.0 m, smoky gray and greenish _ X X X gray vein quartz, ~ 5.5 m wide X x x X X X X t X ^ 5=^ h n mf2 37.9 a. x =Ox; x h w j,o,fz 38.0 x x h m mf2 38.3 x X X _ X QUARTZ and GRANITE from ~ 40.0 to 43.0 m, green and 40 X 192.9- reddish fine grained quartz layers, alternating bands of X quartz and medium to coarse grained granite, ~ 3.0 m wide Qz< h n mf2 41.0 X (near horizontal microcracks at 39.3, 42.4 and 42.7 m) X h n mf2 41.3 X X X SCHIST from 43.0 to 44.7 m, biotite schist, fine grained, O X -J z III banded -1.7m wide ^^- < 2% UJ s w e 43.9 o ~! u. ~ *?^^^ UJ GRANITE from 44.7 to 46.2 m, ~ 1.5 m wide O >x CL UJ ° 45 X X % 187.9-^ SCHIST from 46.2 to 50.3 m, same as schist above, ~ 4.1 m CD Z x x. ff wide FELSIC VEIN at 46.0 m, ~ 1 cm wide ALTITUDE,INMETERS/ DEPTH,INMETERSBELO 11i, s w mf2,j,e,p 47.2 S (near horizontal microcracks at 47.4 and 48.1 m)

s m Pf 49.5 GRANITE DIKE from 50.3 to 51.2 m, coarse grained, 00ro s n pf 49.7 tn o r ~ 0.9 m wide (near horizontal microcrack at 50.1 m) IiX SCHIST from 51.2 to 51.8 m, trace muscovite, biotite, gneissic texture, coarse grained, equigranular, weak ^ s n pf 51.8 foliation, gradual lower contact, ~ 0.6 m wide

SCHIST from 51.8 to 55.4 m, dusky brown, with small felsic augens, equigranular, coarse grained, ~ 6.1 m wide

55 177.9- GRANITE from 55.4 to 56.9 m, - 1.5 m wide m n mf2,pf 55.2 X _ X X X SCHIST from 56.9 to 57.9 m, biotite schist, coarse grained, X X 1.0 m wide i GRANITE from 57.9 to 62.8 m, brownish gray, biotite granite - with some biotite schlieren at 59.5 m, ~ 2.9 m wide X P 58.2 X X ~-~~~~ - X m m 58.7 x x - X , 60 ~ *jr 172.9 t x

APPENDIX 205 TR2 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. 6095 r x < «« DC AC DCS DM x x GRANITE continued to 62.8 m

X X X

X x x X - SCHIST from 62.8 m to 76.4 m, % SCHIST from 62.8 to 69.0 m, greenish gray biotite schist, x x equigranular, coarse grained to gneissic texture, ~ 6.2 m X 65 X X 167.9- wide X X x BIOTITE SCHLIEREN at 63.1 m, (not shown) 2 GRANITE from 64.1 to 65.9 m, ~ 1.8 m wide

SCHIST 69.0 to 75.3 m, biotite and quartz-rich with augens and weakly foliated, gneissic texture, some banding, 70 162.9- ~ 6.3 m wide

h n xf 71.6

~ - - xjrx P 72.5 FELSIC ZONE from 72.0 to 74.5 m, grading to less foliated and more felsic-rich, ~ 2.5 m wide 2 tfjr w _ x-±Jx LLJ 1 ^ x *j£_ UJ O _l ^_^- SCHIST from 74.5 to 75.4 m, biotite-schist with trace U. m n - 74.6 0 7c_ uj 157.9- sillimanite and sulfide minerals, ~ 0.9 m wide Q. '° vv (0 ^ s PEGMATITE DIKE at 75.5 m, ~ 20 cm wide x UJ X X § o GRANITE from 75.6 to 77.7 m, biotite-muscovite granite, X CD m n s 3 X X 76.5 ~ 2.1 m wide UJ X CO CD X X cr MIGMATITE from 77.7 to 84.0 m, coarse grained, CO x UJ CC y fa X H alternating zones of felsic minerals (leucosome) and mafic UJ _ _/c LU ^ - - LU x-a x \ P 78.2 foliated minerals (mesosome), ~ 6.0 m wide 2 -N_^ - UJ* j,xf 78.6 2 ^// yf x y/*x Q I ~^*>r D | 152.9 gj 80 X Q jfx? < X.-IJX. SCHIST from 84.0 to 85.3 m, coarse-grained to gneissic, X _ biotite-quartz with trace sulfide minerals and garnet,

X -^X ~ 1.3m wide X %/ h n xf 83.0 - ^

85 ^ 147.9- GRANITE from 85.3 to 89.1 m wide, biotite-muscovite ~ 3.8 m wide X X X

X X X ~^^-^ m n e 86.4 X x x X _ X X X _ -^ m n - 87.8 X X PEGMATITE from 88.8 to 89.1 m, ~ 0.3 m wide - X m w e,j,a 88.7 -^. SCHIST from 89.1 m to 90.5 m, coarse-grained, biotite-quartz with trace sulfide minerals and garnet, ~ 1.4 m wide

90 ~~ 142.9 ^ m w e 89.9

^^ . GRANITE from 90.5 to 103.0 m, ~ 102.5 m wide iX m w 90.9 X X ^_ m n - 91.3

206 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire TR2 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. Q143 < A1K1 DC AC DCS DMP ^ X X . _ GRANITE continued to 103.0 m X h n e 91.9 X X - _ m w e 92.5 - SCHIST XENOLITH a\ 93.0 m >r^ -^^ m n 93.0 X X Qz QUARTZ in granite from 93.6 to 94.2 m, ~ 0.6 m wide

X X -a-a^ m w mf.2,e,j 94.6 X m w e,j 94.9 95 - X X 137.9- X *-^i~- APLITE VEIN at 95.7 m, - 1.5 m wide X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X FELSIC VEIN at 100.3 m, ~ 10 to 15 cm wide X 100 X X 132.9- T*=5=5= x-

X X X PEGMATITE VEIN at 102.1 m, steeply dipping, - 2-3 cm X X X wide

X X SCHIST from 103.0 to 105.7 m, gneissic texture, biotite with : 9ft quartz, garnet and trace sulfide minerals, weakly foliated, near vertical foliation, ~ 2.7 m wide o - _J UJ co o 105 § 127.9- LU CO QL X X LU FELSIC ZONE in schist from 105.7 to 106.8 m, ~ 1.1 m wide 0 X r~ - X X Q SCHIST from 106.8 to 111.4 m, gneissic texture ~ 4.6 m wide | \ CO g tt w LU vv cc CD LU CO tr LU FELSIC VEIN at 108.8 m, ~ 2 cm wide ft ~^r^ 2 i LU Jr'lyV z Q ~- 110 - 3 122.9- QUARTZ on one side of well at 109.8 m, ~ 10 cm wide ^ FELSIC VEIN at 109.9 m, ~ 3 cm wide t 5 LU _ ^v^ *< FELSIC VEIN at 110.3 m, ~ 10 cm wide Q GNEISS from 111.4 to 114.7 m, muscovite-biotite gneiss with garnet, ~ 3.3 m wide

PEGMATITE VEIN at 113.4 m, - 5 cm wide

- GRANITE from 114.7 to 117.6 m, felsic-rich, muscovite-biotite 1X 117.9- 115 - X X granite, sugar texture, with some biotite schlieren, ~ 2.9 m X X X wide ^ X X X

X X X _ SCHIST from 117.6 to 125.6 m, gray, fine grained, near X X X vertical foliation, with some quartz layers, ~ 8.0 m wide

h n xf 118.3

120 112.9-

I APPENDIX 207 TR2 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. ^ . ^. __ DC AC DCS DMP SCHIST continued to 125.6 m 1 GRANITE DIKE at 125 107.9 ~ ^T X X GRANITE from 125.6 to 145.2 m, biotite-muscovite, with some X X X altered zones and some zones that exhibit greenish _ X X x muscovite granite, some biotite, with trace garnet, X X X ~ 19.6 m wide X X X X X X X X X X _ X X X 1 td \ ou X X 102.9- h n mf2,d 130.0 X h w e,y 130.1 X X - _ X h w mf3,e,y 130.5 X X ~ X X X X X X _ X _ h n - 132.4 X X __ X X X _ X X X X - X X h n 134.4 0 X X X I 135 X uj 97.9- X X > UJ o X U. X X O X LU 0- X X w X Ul ^ X X 5 X 0 o X X CD _ i _ X LU X X w CO X DC (/) X X LU DC X LU UJ X X LU X X X z 5 140 X gp Q _ z X X LU X Q I _ X X H X 0. X X UJ Q X ^ X X X

X X X X X X X X _ X X X SCHIST from 145.2 to 150.4 m, quartz-rich biotite-schist, X _ fine grained, near vertical foliation, with some banding, 145 87.9 ~ 5.2 m wide

FELSIC VEIN at 146.6 m, cross-cuts foliation of schist, 1OK ~ 2 cm wide FELSIC VEIN at 147.0 m, ~ 2 cm wide

_ FELSIC ZONE in schist from 150.0 to 150.3 m, ~ 0.3 m 150 82.9 wide - X X GRANITE from 150.3 to 151.9 m, ~ 0.6 m wide X X X SCHIST from 151.9 to 155.0 m, biotite schist with trace sulfide __ iX x x - minerals, - 3.1 m wide FELSIC VEIN at 152.1 m, ~ 2 cm wide

208 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire TR2 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. 152.39- DC AC DCS DMF 80.05- SCHIST continued to 155.0m

P GRANITE from 153.9 to 154.2 m, ~ 0.3 m wide 155- 77.9- ^X X X X X X GRANITE from 155.0 to 163.5 m, fine grained granite, biotite- X X X muscovite-quartz rich granite ~ 8.5 m wide X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 160 X X X 72.9 X X X X X ~ X X X X X X X X X SCHIST from 163.5 to 165.4 m, biotite-garnet-quartz and X X X feldspar schist, ~ 1.9 m wide

2 165 -J 679- CO _ ^E-^r > GRANITE from 165.4 to 169.0 m, biotite-muscovite, ~ 3.6 m 1x X x LU o _ wide u. X ^ O x x LU Q. X CO X X LU £ : X x x 8 § X m i X X ^ LU X CO CO x x CC LU LU "V95 1 SCHIST from 169.0 to 172.2 m, biotite-garnet-quartz and | 170- ^ 62.9- z y& uT feldspar schist, ~ 3.2 m wide X Q x ~ D FELSIC VEIN at 169.4 m, - 2-3 cm wide Q. GRANITE DIKE from 170.3 to 170.9 m, ~ 0.6 m wide LU !^ 15 Q ^5f

- X X X x x GRANITE from 172.2 to 174.1 m, ~ 1.9 m wide X X X

175- 57.9 SCHIST from 174.1 to 178.2 m, biotite-rich schist with traces of garnet, ~ 4.1 m wide

^ "^ x x X X X ~ X X X IX 180 x x 52.9- GRANITE from 178.2 to 190.0 m, quartz-biotite-muscovite X X X granite with trace garnet, ~ 11.2 m wide __ X x x _ X X X ^ X x x

X X X

APPENDIX 209 TR2 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTL 3 ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold. DC AC DCS DMP 182.87_ ~~x 50.07 X X GRANITE continued to 190.0 m X X X X X X X 185 _ X X 47.9- X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X ^v PEGMATITE from 178.5 to 178.8 m, muscovite, - 0.3 m ~ X X X wide X 190 _ 42.9- 189.9 SCHIST from 190.0 to 193.3 m, green, chlorite schist, ~ 3.3 m wide

-

&r- GRANITE from 193.3 to 200 m, biotite-muscovite granite, with X X biotite schlieren at 197.5 m, ~ 6.7 m wide ^ X X X X X X 195 _ X 37.9- o X X X 2 LU CO X X X LU o X X LL X <; X X LU o - CO Q. X X X LU k_ X > ^ X X o ^ x CO X X g CO LU X X X or CO UJ SCHIST from 200.0 to 201.3 m, fine grained, ~ 1.3 m wide CO UJ £ 200 _ Z 32.9- LU z LU Z - *^ X Q GRANITE from 201.3 to 202.4 m, biotite-granite, ~ 1.4 m wide i iX 1- 1- _ X X CL b LU Q SCHIST from 202.4 to 207.2 m, biotite-schist with non­ m magnetic metallic minerals and trace chlorite, ~ 4.8 m wide

205 27.9

_ X X GRANITE from 207.2 to 209.1 m, ~ 1.9 m wide X X X X _ X X - X SCHIST from 209.1 to 210.2 m, biotite-schist with non­ 210 22.9 magnetic metallic minerals, ~ 1.1 m wide

- X X X X X GRANITE from 210.2 to 231.6 m, biotite-muscovite and trace X X X garnet, ~ 21.4 m wide _ X X X X X X ~ X X X

210 Lithology and Fracture Characterization From Drilling Investigations in the Mirror Lake Area, Grafton County, New Hampshire TR2 Continued

FRACTURE LITHOLOGY FRACTURES ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION: Generalized log in bold.

213.35r\* o OC 1QCQ DC AC DCS DM

X X GRANITE continued to 231.6 m X X X X X X 215 X 17.9- _ X X X X X - PEGMATITE from 216.4 to 217.1 m, ~ 0.7 m wide

X X X X _ - \ -V* PEGMATITE from 217.0 to 217.2 m, ~ 20 cm wide X X X X O X - PEGMATITE from 219.3 to 219.5 m, - m wide z ^_ V _l CO X X LU < 220- X ^ 12.9- X X _J LL X 0 X X LU CL X CO X X H*O LU X ^ § X X o O X CO _l X X ^ LU X CO CO X X DC CO X LU a: X X LU LU _ X (- ^ LU X X X z 5 X X X S 7.9- - 225 X X r X 3 a. _ X X LU X 5 Q X X ^ X X X X _ X X X X X X - X X * X X X X X X X 2.9- 230 X X _ X X X BOTTOM of WELL at 231.64

X X X ~ X X X

APPENDIX 211 Printed on recyled paper

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