Vitalization of Indigenous and Mi- Noritized Languages
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Armenian Secret and Invented Languages and Argots
Armenian Secret and Invented Languages and Argots The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Russell, James R. Forthcoming. Armenian secret and invented languages and argots. Proceedings of the Institute of Linguistics of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:9938150 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Open Access Policy Articles, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#OAP 1 ARMENIAN SECRET AND INVENTED LANGUAGES AND ARGOTS. By James R. Russell, Harvard University. Светлой памяти Карена Никитича Юзбашяна посвящается это исследование. CONTENTS: Preface 1. Secret languages and argots 2. Philosophical and hypothetical languages 3. The St. Petersburg Manuscript 4. The Argot of the Felt-Beaters 5. Appendices: 1. Description of St. Petersburg MS A 29 2. Glossary of the Ṙuštuni language 3. Glossary of the argot of the Felt-Beaters of Moks 4. Texts in the “Third Script” of MS A 29 List of Plates Bibliography PREFACE Much of the research for this article was undertaken in Armenia and Russia in June and July 2011 and was funded by a generous O’Neill grant through the Davis Center for Russian and Eurasian Studies at Harvard. For their eager assistance and boundless hospitality I am grateful to numerous friends and colleagues who made my visit pleasant and successful. For their generous assistance in Erevan and St. -
Arno M. Riedl
March 29, 2020 Arno M. Riedl Department of Microeconomics and Public Economics (formerly known as Department of Economics { Section AE1) & Maastricht University { Center of Neuroeconomics (MU-CEN) School of Business and Economics, Maastricht University P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands phone: +31-(0)43-388-4982, fax: +31-(0)43-388-4878 email: [email protected] http://arnoriedl.com/ Education Doctor of the Social Sciences and Economics (Dr. rer. soc. oec.), economics Faculty of Social Sciences and Economics, University of Vienna, Austria. 1997 Masters of the Social Sciences and Economics (Mag. rer. soc. oec.), economics Faculty of Social Sciences and Economics, University of Vienna, Austria. 1991 Full-Time Appointments Full Professor of Economics, especially Public Economics 2005 | present Department of Economics (AE1), School of Business and Economics, Maastricht University. Associate Professor 2005 CREED, Faculty of Economics and Econometrics, University of Amsterdam. Assistant Professor 2001 { 2005 CREED, Faculty of Economics and Econometrics, University of Amsterdam. Post-doc Researcher 1998 { 2001 CREED, Faculty of Economics and Econometrics, University of Amsterdam. Assistant 1992 { 1998 Department of Economics, Institute for Advanced Studies, Vienna. Assistant 1992 Department of Economics, University of Vienna. Research Assistant 1991 { 1992 Research project of the Austrian Science Foundation on `Involuntary Equilibrium Unemploy- ment' (PI: Ernst Fehr). 1 Honors and Awards Top-40 Dutch economist 2019 -
This Is the Title of My Paper
JOURNAL OF LINGUISTIC STUDIES 105 106 2010 VOLUME 3 (1) ISSN 2065 – 2429 JOURNAL OF LINGUISTIC STUDIES Editorial office: 300645 TIMIŞOARA Calea Aradului nr. 119, Phone 0256/494023/7287 107 EDITORIAL BOARD EDITOR Assist. Professor Georgeta RAŢĂ – BUASVM, Timişoara, Romania EDITORIAL BOARD Professor Snežana GUDURIŠ – University of Novi Sad, Serbia Professor Rodica NAGY – Ştefan cel Mare University, Suceava, Romania Professor Natalia PUSHINA – Udmurt State University, Izhevsk, Udmurtia, Russia Assist. Professor Reghina DASCĂL – West University of Timişoara, Romania Assist. Professor Simona MANOLACHE – Ştefan cel Mare University, Suceava, Romania Assist. Professor Roumyana PETROVA – University of Rousse, Bulgaria SECRETARY Diana-Andreea BOC-SÎNMĂRGHIŢAN, PhD – BUASVM, Timişoara, Romania 108 CONTENTS Foreword 7 Etymological Issues 9 Davide ASTORI T RUMANIAN TABǍRǍ AND „AEGEAN-(PRE)PHILISTINE‟ * /D(A)BR 9 Languages in Contact 15 Sandra STEFANOVIŠ & Alina-Andreea DRAGOESCU ANGLICISMS IN THE SERBIAN AND ROMANIAN LANGUAGE OF ADVERTISING 15 Mariya TSIPLE & Virginia OPRIŞA THE HUNGARIAN INFLUENCE ON THE ROMANIAN VOCABULARY OF MARAMUREŞ AND BANAT (ROMANIA) 21 Morphology 33 Milica MILOJEVIŠ ON PRODUCTIVITY OF SUFFIX -IZACIJA (-IZATION) IN PUBLICISTIC STYLE 33 Applied Linguistics 37 Mohd Sallehhudin Abd AZIZ THE MALAYSIAN RECEP* EXPERIMENT: THE USE OF RESIDENTIAL COLLEGES AS EXPERIMENTATION BED 37 Diana-Andreea BOC-SINMARGHITAN & Ioana BANADUC L‟EMPLOI DE LA TOPONYMIE DANS L`ENSEIGNEMENT DU FLE 45 Jelena DANILOVIŠ & Sandra STEFANOVIŠ MORPHOLOGICAL -
You've Got the Brains but Not the Money?
You’ve Got the Brains but Not the Money? The new bachelor’s programme in Quantitative Economics at Vilnius University will teach you as much as the best programmes in Europe without making you or your parents poor — Are you interested in economics, finance, data analysis, or politics? — Do you want to learn about mathematical modeling of questions in these fields? — Do you want to learn how to work with data? — Do you want to understand how our societies function and how their economic and financial systems can be improved? If you answered at least two of the above questions with yes, the brand new three-year, English taught BSc in Quantitative Economics may be just the right programme for you. You will learn state-of-the-art methodologies for economic analysis and will acquire up-to-date knowledge about how economies and the financial system work as well as how political decisions affect them. The programme, which is conducted at the Faculty of Economics and Business Administration at Vilnius University, has been developed in close cooperation with the Bank of Lithuania, the Lithuanian central bank. Your teachers will be well-respected lecturers and researchers with backgrounds in economics and mathematics, almost all of whom hold doctoral degrees from leading academic institutions abroad. Course Overview 1st semester 2nd semester 3rd semester 4th semester 5th semester 6th semester Economic Economic Economic Economic Applied Microe- Bachelor Thesis Principles 1 Principles 2 Theory 1 Theory 2 conomics Econometric Econometric Mathematical -
GRAMMAR of SOLRESOL Or the Universal Language of François SUDRE
GRAMMAR OF SOLRESOL or the Universal Language of François SUDRE by BOLESLAS GAJEWSKI, Professor [M. Vincent GAJEWSKI, professor, d. Paris in 1881, is the father of the author of this Grammar. He was for thirty years the president of the Central committee for the study and advancement of Solresol, a committee founded in Paris in 1869 by Madame SUDRE, widow of the Inventor.] [This edition from taken from: Copyright © 1997, Stephen L. Rice, Last update: Nov. 19, 1997 URL: http://www2.polarnet.com/~srice/solresol/sorsoeng.htm Edits in [brackets], as well as chapter headings and formatting by Doug Bigham, 2005, for LIN 312.] I. Introduction II. General concepts of solresol III. Words of one [and two] syllable[s] IV. Suppression of synonyms V. Reversed meanings VI. Important note VII. Word groups VIII. Classification of ideas: 1º simple notes IX. Classification of ideas: 2º repeated notes X. Genders XI. Numbers XII. Parts of speech XIII. Number of words XIV. Separation of homonyms XV. Verbs XVI. Subjunctive XVII. Passive verbs XVIII. Reflexive verbs XIX. Impersonal verbs XX. Interrogation and negation XXI. Syntax XXII. Fasi, sifa XXIII. Partitive XXIV. Different kinds of writing XXV. Different ways of communicating XXVI. Brief extract from the dictionary I. Introduction In all the business of life, people must understand one another. But how is it possible to understand foreigners, when there are around three thousand different languages spoken on earth? For everyone's sake, to facilitate travel and international relations, and to promote the progress of beneficial science, a language is needed that is easy, shared by all peoples, and capable of serving as a means of interpretation in all countries. -
Political Science in the Netherlands
POLITICAL SCIENCE IN THE NETHERLANDS REFLECTIONS ON THE STATE OF THE ART QANU Catharijnesingel 56 PO Box 8035 3503 RA Utrecht The Netherlands Phone: +31 (0) 30 230 3100 E-mail: [email protected] Internet: www.qanu.nl Project number: Q0613.SOTA © 2018 QANU Text and numerical material from this publication may be reproduced in print, by photocopying or by any other means with the permission of QANU if the source is mentioned. 2 State of the Art Political Science CONTENTS Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 5 The NVAO Assessment Political Science ........................................................................... 7 Composition of the NVAO Assessment Panel ........................................................................ 7 Working Method of the Assessment Panel for the State of the Art Report ................................. 7 Terms of Reference for the State of the Art Report ............................................................... 8 Political Science Education in the Netherlands: Reflections on the State of the Art ........ 11 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 11 Purposeful Curriculum Design and Development .................................................................. 11 Debates About Higher Education ........................................................................................ 12 Starting with Outcomes ................................................................................................... -
Views on Esperanto in the Bahá'í Faith
Esperantologio / Esperanto Studies 7 (2015), 41 60 Views on Esperanto in the Bahá’í faith: A revised subchapter in Bahá’u’lláh and the New Era Leif Nordenstorm Contents 1. Studies about Esperanto in Bahá’í 2. Bahá’u’lláh and the New Era as authoritative text in Bahá’í 3. Esperanto in Bahá’u’lláh and the New Era 4. Analysis of the text in the editions of 1923 and 1927 5. The answer about the language to be chosen 6. Analysis of the text in the editions of 1937, 1950 and 1970 7. The reasons for the changes in the text 8. Conclusions Thanks References Abstract. The question about a universal language and particularly about Esperanto is treated in a subchapter in the book Bahá’u’lláh and the New Era, which is an officially sanctioned presentation about Bahá’í religion. In the original edition of 1923 the support for Esperanto was clearly expressed, because the leader of the religion, ’Abdu’l-Bahá, supported the idea about Esperanto as a Universal Language, and several times urged Bahá’ís to learn it. The author of the book, J. E. Esslemont, learned it and even practiced Esperanto on his deathbed. Quotations, however, show that there was a discussion also about other planned languages among Bahá’ís. In the editions of 1937, 1950 and 1970, the final part of the presentation about Esperanto was modified. The author shows that the reason of the change is that Esperanto in Bahá’í is associated with millenarian expecta- tions of the “Most High Peace” and the “Coming of the Kingdom of God” in 1957. -
UTOPIAN for BEGINNERS an Amateur Linguist Loses Control of the Language He Invented
ANNALS OF LINGUISTICS DECEMBER 24 & 31, 2012 IUE UTOPIAN FOR BEGINNERS An amateur linguist loses control of the language he invented. By Joshua Foer Quijada’s invented language has two seemingly incompatible ambitions: to be maximally precise but also maximally concise. here are so many ways for speakers of English to see the world. We can T glimpse, glance, visualize, view, look, spy, or ogle. Stare, gawk, or gape. Peek, watch, or scrutinize. Each word suggests some subtly different quality: looking implies volition; spying suggests furtiveness; gawking carries an element of social judgment and a sense of surprise. When we try to describe an act of vision, we consider a constellation of available meanings. But if thoughts and words exist on different planes, then expression must always be an act of compromise. Languages are something of a mess. They evolve over centuries through an unplanned, democratic process that leaves them teeming with irregularities, quirks, and words like “knight.” No one who set out to design a form of communication would ever end up with anything like English, Mandarin, or any of the more than six thousand languages spoken today. “Natural languages are adequate, but that doesn’t mean they’re optimal,” John Quijada, a fty-three-year-old former employee of the California State Department of Motor Vehicles, told me. In 2004, he published a monograph on the Internet that was titled “Ithkuil: A Philosophical Design for a Hypothetical Language.” Written like a linguistics textbook, the fourteen-page Web site ran to almost a hundred and sixty thousand words. It documented the grammar, syntax, and lexicon of a language that Quijada had spent three decades inventing in his spare time. -
Constructed Languages: ESPERANTO
Journal of Modern Education Review, ISSN 2155-7993, USA October 2015, Volume 5, No. 10, pp. 1017–1025 Doi: 10.15341/jmer(2155-7993)/10.05.2015/011 © Academic Star Publishing Company, 2015 http://www.academicstar.us Constructed Languages: ESPERANTO Sevda Huseynova Sohrab (Qafqaz University, Azerbaijan) Abstract: “What is language!?” The question has been answered differently at different times. V. Humbolt, A. Shleykher, H. Shteyntal, G. Paul, and other linguists put forward various considerations about the language. Language is creative and productive by nature, a person using it can set up an infinite number of sentences and express thoughts. Throughout history, numerous languages seriously impeeded the development of relations between people. People have searched ways for getting out of this problem. As a result, the idea of creating a universal world language has occurred. Universal world language refers to a language which can be easily understood by all individuals of different nations. As a way of solving this problem, linguists have proposed to create a substituting constructed language. The most common constructed language is Esperanto. This language posses simple phonetic, grammatical, lexical structure. The language created by Zamenhof can be studied and remembered easily. According to historical facts, Esperantists (Esperanto-language speakers) established a country called Amikejo. They even celebrate The World Esperanto Day as a holiday once a year. Key words: linguists, universal world language, constructed language, Esperanto, Zamenhof, Esperantist, Amikejo 1. Introduction “What is language!?” The question has been answered differently at different times. V. Humbolt, A. Shleyher, H. Shteyntal, A. A. Potebnya, G. Paul, F. F. Fortunatov, I. -
Az Eszperantó Szerepe a Nyelvi Jogegyenlőség Kérdésében
Pannon Egyetem Modern Filológiai és Társadalomtudományi Kar Társadalomtudományok és Nemzetközi Tanulmányok Intézet Nemzetközi tanulmányok mesterképzési szak Az eszperantó szerepe a nyelvi jogegyenlőség kérdésében Készítette: Herczeg Beatrix Okleveles nemzetközi kapcsolatok elemző jelölt Témavezető: Dr. Szente -Varga Mónika habilitált egyetemi adjunktus Veszprém 2015 Tartalomjegyzék Bevezetés .......................................................................................................................... 4 I. Az eszperantó elméleti megközelítése ........................................................................... 6 II. Fenntarthatóság .......................................................................................................... 19 III. Az eszperantó mozgalom jelenlegi helyzetéről, és a lehetséges megoldásokról ...... 29 IV. Kongresszusok: tradíció és a jövő kulcsa? ............................................................... 42 V. Az Eszperantó Világszövetség (UEA) ....................................................................... 46 VI. Az UEA-ról készített társadalomtudományi felmérés .............................................. 59 VII. Az eszperantó nyelv ................................................................................................ 71 VIII. Nyelvpolitika és a nyelvi jogok érvényesülése ...................................................... 85 Összegzés, kitekintés .................................................................................................... 107 Mellékletek -
La Ondo De Esperanto, 2012, N-Ro 10
LA ONDO de Esperanto Internacia sendependa magazino en Esperanto Lu Wunsch-Rolshoven: “Kreskigi Esperantujon” SAT kaj TEJO kongresis Konferenco de ILEI Landaj kongresoj en Italio kaj Usono Denove en Krynica La lasta FESTO antaµ la fino de la mondo Kio estas Neciklopedio? Jubileo de Lev Gumiljov Tri novaj dokumentoj pri Marko Zamenhof Nia trezoro: Baldur Ragnarsson Rusa antologio: Aleksej Ple›„ejev 2012 10 Vortoj de komitatano Z Al pli azia estonteco de UEA Raportoj pri la UK en Hanojo elstarigas la junecon de la loka esperantistaro. Ankaμ tiu, kiu ne partoprenis la kongre- son, povas konkludi tion el la fotoj, kiujn kongresanoj afi›as en la reto. Estus interese vidi ankaμ statistikojn pri la a•ostrukturo de tiu „i nekutima UK, sed ver›ajne nur tre malmultaj UK-oj, se entute iu alia, estis organizitaj de tiel juna loka laborforto kiel tiu en Hanojo. ¹ Al la kongresanoj el landoj kun laca, maljunula movado INTERNACIA SENDEPENDA MAGAZINO 2012. 10 (216) Hanojo devis esti esperiga sperto: almenaμ en Vjetnamio kaj Aperas „iumonate iuj aliaj aziaj landoj la Afero ›ajnas havi estontecon. En Fondita en 1909 de Aleksandr Sa†arov Vjetnamio ankaμ la aμtoritatoj ›ajne rilatas al Esperanto Refondita en 1991 amike, „ar ili disdonis ordenojn al pluraj esperantistoj kaj Eldonas kaj administras Halina Gorecka ankaμ al Universala Esperanto-Asocio mem, kiu post pli ol Redaktas Aleksander Kor±enkov duona jarcento en Roterdamo ankoraμ atendas sian unuan Konstantaj kunlaborantoj Peter Balá, István Ertl, nederlandan medalon. Dafydd ab Iago, Wolfgang Kirschstein, Aleksej Kor±enkov, Tamen, okcidentanoj ne nur pasive kovu esperon pri hela Alen Kris, Floréal Martorell, Valentin Melnikov, estonteco en Azio, sed ili, kaj kun ili UEA, flegu la tiean Paμlo Mo±ajev, Sergio Pokrovskij, Serge Sire, movadon. -
Neutrality of International Languages*
Haitao Liu 37 Journal of Universal Language 7 September 2006, 37-64 Neutrality of International Languages* Haitao Liu Communication University of China Abstract This paper focuses on the neutrality of international languages. First, a derivation of the concept of “neutral language” from “inter- national communicative act” is provided; it is argued that an acceptable neutral language for international communication can only be an artificial language. Certain characterizations of consciously created languages are discussed. The paper distinguishes two types of neutrality: communicative neutrality and linguistic neutrality. All planned languages are communicatively neutral, but their linguistic neutrality varies, reflecting the diversity of language design principles. Given that absolute linguistic neutrality unattainable, it becomes reasonable to construct a language based on certain control languages plus linguistic universals. We introduce the term “deneutralization” to designate a process whereby a neutral language changes into an ordinary language. The paper also shows that Esperanto has not become deneutralized. Keywords: international language, neutrality, deneutralization, artificial language, planned language, universal language, Esperanto * I am grateful to Detlev Blanke for insightful discussion. I’d also like to thank Probal Dasgupta for providing detailed comments and correcting my English. 38 Neutrality of International Languages 1. Introduction Today English is already a global language (Crystal 1997), but many people still consider that it is not an ideal solution for international communication. Wright (2000: 246-247) mentions one reason for this in her book on the role of language in nation-state building and European integration: “They [artificial languages] are ideally suited to the role [of lingua franca] since they are not the languages of European nations of states.