The Effect of Behavioral Biases on Financial Decisions1 Confirmation Bias, Overconfidence, and Emotional Biases (In the 2009 Edition)
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A Neural Network Framework for Cognitive Bias
fpsyg-09-01561 August 31, 2018 Time: 17:34 # 1 HYPOTHESIS AND THEORY published: 03 September 2018 doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01561 A Neural Network Framework for Cognitive Bias Johan E. Korteling*, Anne-Marie Brouwer and Alexander Toet* TNO Human Factors, Soesterberg, Netherlands Human decision-making shows systematic simplifications and deviations from the tenets of rationality (‘heuristics’) that may lead to suboptimal decisional outcomes (‘cognitive biases’). There are currently three prevailing theoretical perspectives on the origin of heuristics and cognitive biases: a cognitive-psychological, an ecological and an evolutionary perspective. However, these perspectives are mainly descriptive and none of them provides an overall explanatory framework for the underlying mechanisms of cognitive biases. To enhance our understanding of cognitive heuristics and biases we propose a neural network framework for cognitive biases, which explains why our brain systematically tends to default to heuristic (‘Type 1’) decision making. We argue that many cognitive biases arise from intrinsic brain mechanisms that are fundamental for the working of biological neural networks. To substantiate our viewpoint, Edited by: we discern and explain four basic neural network principles: (1) Association, (2) Eldad Yechiam, Technion – Israel Institute Compatibility, (3) Retainment, and (4) Focus. These principles are inherent to (all) neural of Technology, Israel networks which were originally optimized to perform concrete biological, perceptual, Reviewed by: and motor functions. They form the basis for our inclinations to associate and combine Amos Schurr, (unrelated) information, to prioritize information that is compatible with our present Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel state (such as knowledge, opinions, and expectations), to retain given information Edward J. -
REMAKING of JEWISH SOCIALITY in CONTEMPORARY POLAND: HAUNTING LEGACIES, GLOBAL CONNECTIONS. a Thesis Submitted to the University
REMAKING OF JEWISH SOCIALITY IN CONTEMPORARY POLAND: HAUNTING LEGACIES, GLOBAL CONNECTIONS. A thesis submitted to The University of Manchester for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in the Faculty of Humanities. 2013 JAN LORENZ SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES List of contents Abstract 3 Declaration 4 Copyright statement 4 Acknowledgements 5 PART I Chapter 1 Introduction 7 Chapter 2 Framing the research. Methodology and visual media 38 Chapter 3 Film and ethnography 54 PART II Chapter 4 The haunting 73 Chapter 5 Belonging 111 Chapter 6 Gmina 151 Chapter 7 Interzone 172 Chapter 8 Becoming 203 Chapter 9 Conclusions 222 Bibliography 230 Word count: 87 797 2 Abstract The University of Manchester Jan Lorenz PhD in Social Anthropology with Visual Media “Remaking Jewish sociality in contemporary Poland: haunting legacies, global connections.” 2013 The Holocaust and post-war anti-Semitism-propelled migration changed the face of Poland, a country that for centuries has been the heartland of the Jewish diaspora. Remnants of the Polish Jewry that did not emigrate, regardless of whether they considered themselves Poles, Poles of Jewish descent or Polish Jews, often felt fearful about speaking of their ancestry, let alone acting upon it. Jewish organizations and social life did not disappear, but religious congregations in particular gradually diminished in number and activity. Post-socialist Poland has become an arena of profound transformation of Jewish communal life, fostered by stakeholders with distinct agendas and resources: empowered and politically emancipated Jewish Religious Communities, now-marginalized secular organizations of the communist era, a nascent generation of Polish Jewish activists and volunteers, and transnational Jewish non-governmental organizations. -
Ritual Year 8 Migrations
Institute of Ethnology and Folklore Studies with Ethnographic Museum at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences — SIEF Working Group on The Ritual Year Edited by Dobrinka Parusheva and Lina Gergova Sofia • 2014 THE RITUAL YEAR 8 MIGRATIONS The Yearbook of the SIEF Working Group on The Ritual Year Sofia, IEFSEM-BAS, 2014 Peer reviewed articles based on the presentations of the conference in Plovdiv, Bulgaria, 26-29 June 2012 General Editor: Emily Lyle Editors for this issue: Dobrinka Parusheva and Lina Gergova Language editors: Jenny Butler, Molly Carter, Cozette Griffin-Kremer, John Helsloot, Emily Lyle, Neill Martin, Nancy McEntire, David Stanley, Elizabeth Warner Design and layout: Yana Gergova Advisory board: Maria Teresa Agozzino, Marion Bowman, Jenny Butler, Molly Carter, Kinga Gáspár, Evy Håland, Aado Lintrop, Neill Martin, Lina Midholm, Tatiana Minniyakhmetova, David Stanley, Elizabeth Warner The Yearbook is established in 2011 by merging former periodicals dedicated to the study of the Ritual Year: Proceedings of the (5 volumes in 2005–2011). Published by the Institute of Ethnology and Folklore Studies with Ethnographic Museum at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences ISSN 2228-1347 © Authors © Dobrinka Parusheva & Lina Gergova, editors © Yana Gergova, design and layout © SIEF Working Group on The Ritual Year © IEFSEM-BAS CONTENTS Foreword 9 THE SEED-STORE OF THE YEAR Emily Lyle 15 MODERN SPORTS AWARDS CEREMONIES – A GENEALOGICAL ANALYSIS Grigor Har. Grigorov 27 THE RITUAL OF CHANGE IN A REMOTE AREA: CONTEMPORARY ARTS AND THE RENEWAL OF A -
THE FUTURE of the JEWISH COMMUNITY in AMERICA.Pdf
THE FUTURE OF THE «TASK FORCE REPORT THE AMERICAN JEWISH COMMITTEE TASK FORCE ON THE FUTURE OF THE JEWISH COMMUNITY IN AMERICA MEMBERS LOUIS STERN, Chairman - Former President of the RABBI MARTIN S. ROZENBERG - The Com• Jewish Welfare Board and the Council of Jewish munity Synagogue, Sands Point, New York Federations and Welfare Funds MARSHALL SKLARE - Professor of American DAVID SI DORSKY, Consultant - Professor of Jewish Studies, Brandeis University Philosophy, Columbia University JOHN SLAWSON - Executive Vice President *RABBI JACOB B. AGUS - Congregation Beth El, Emeritus, American Jewish Committee Baltimore JAMES SLEEPER - Cambridge, Massachusetts ROBERT ALTER - Professor of Comparative Litera• SANFORD SOLENDER - Executive Vice President, ture, University of California at Berkeley Federation of Jewish Philanthropies of New York SHRAGA ARIAN - Superintendent, Board of Jewish City Education, Chicago HARRY STARR - President, Lucius N. Littauer WILLIAM AVRUNIN - Executive Vice President, Foundation Jewish Welfare Federation of Detroit ISAAC TOUBIN - Executive Vice President, Ameri• MAX W. BAY, M.D. - Co-Chairman of the Western can Association for Jewish Education Regional Council of the American Jewish SIDNEY Z. VINCENT - Executive Director, Jewish Committee Community Federation of Cleveland PHILIP BERNSTEIN - Executive Vice President, MAYNARD I. WISHNER - Chairman, Jewish Council of Jewish Federations and Welfare Funds Communal Affairs Commission of the American LUCY S. DAWIDOWICZ-Associate Professor of Jewish Committee Social History, Yeshiva University JOSEF HAYIM YERUSHALMI - Professor of RABBI IRA EISENSTEIN - President of the Recon• Jewish History, Harvard University struction's! Rabbinical College GEORGE M. ZELTZER - Detroit DANIEL J. ELAZAR - Director of the Center for LOUIS I. ZORENSKY - President of the Jewish the Study of Federalism, Temple University Federation of St. -
Heuristics Elements of Information Seeking Strategies and Tactics: a Conceptual Analysis
This is the accepted manuscript of the article, which has been published in Journal of documentation. 2017, 73(6), 1322-1342. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/JD-11-2016-0144 Heuristics elements of information seeking strategies and tactics: a conceptual analysis Reijo Savolainen Faculty of Communication Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland (Manuscript accepted for publication in Journal of Documentation, vol. 76, 2017) Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to elaborate the picture of strategies and tactics for informationseeking and searching by focusing on the heuristic elements of such strategies and tactics. Design/methodology/approach –A conceptual analysis of a sample of 31 pertinent investigations wasconducted to find out how researchers have approached heuristics in the above context since the 1970s. To achieve this, the study draws on the ideas produced within the research programmes on Heuristics and Biases, and Fast and Frugal Heuristics. Findings – Researchers have approached the heuristic elements in three major ways. First, these elementsare defined as general level constituents of browsing strategies in particular. Second, heuristics areapproached as search tips. Third, there are examples of conceptualizations of individual heuristics.Familiarity heuristic suggests that people tend to prefer sources that have worked well in similar situations inthe past. Recognition heuristic draws on an all-or-none distinction of the information objects, based on cuessuch as information scent. Finally, representativeness heuristic is based on recalling similar instances ofevents or objects and judging their typicality in terms of genres, for example. Research limitations/implications – As the study focuses on three heuristics only, the findings cannotbe generalized to describe the use of all heuristic elements of strategies and tactics for information seekingand searching. -
Guy Fox New York City Childrens Map Pdf, Epub, Ebook
GUY FOX NEW YORK CITY CHILDRENS MAP PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Kourtney Harper | 2 pages | 15 May 2008 | Guy Fox Publishing | 9781904711094 | English | London, United Kingdom Guy Fox New York City Childrens Map PDF Book The choices you make here will apply to your interaction with this service on this device. ABC News. In , Pizzagate became a pillar of the far-right QAnon conspiracy theory and less U. Community messages in front of Comet Ping Pong following the shooting. Archived from the original on December 25, Retrieved December 12, Miami Herald. The Huffington Post. Washington City Paper. Eight other conspirators would later join what became known as the Gunpowder Plot. The conspiracy theory has been widely discredited and debunked. Pizzagate has received a resurgence in , mainly due to its more popular successor QAnon. Afterwards, all five men purportedly swore an oath of secrecy upon a prayer book. He also used the alias John Johnson while serving as caretaker of a cellar—located just below the House of Lords—that the plotters had leased in order to stockpile gunpowder. About this product. Views Read View source View history. Retrieved January 27, January 17, Archived from the original on December 28, There were even rumors, inspired by his diplomatic overtures to the pope, that James himself would become Catholic. WikiLeaks published his emails in November Archived from the original on December 8, New other. On December 8, , Hillary Clinton responded to the conspiracy theory, speaking about the dangers of fake news websites. Bloomberg View. It really should be Robert Catesby Day. While initially it was only spread by the far-right , it is now spread by children and teenagers on TikTok "who don't otherwise fit a right-wing conspiracy theorist mold". -
Master Thesis Heuristic Reasoning About Geospatial Data Under
Master thesis Heuristic Reasoning about Geospatial Data under Uncertainty Lorenzo Libertini 2020 Heuristic Reasoning about Geospatial Data under Uncertainty submitted for the academic degree of Master of Science (M.Sc.) conducted at the Department of Aerospace and Geodesy Technical University of Munich Author: Lorenzo Libertini Study course: Cartography M.Sc. Supervisor: Ekaterina Chuprikova, Dr.-Ing. (TU München) Reviewer: Madalina Gugulica, M.Sc. (TU Dresden) Chair of the Thesis Assessment Board: Prof. Dr. Liqiu Meng Date of submission: 08.09.2020 Statement of Authorship Herewith I declare that I am the sole author of the submitted Master’s thesis entitled: “Heuristic Reasoning about Geospatial Data under Uncertainty” I have fully referenced the ideas and work of others, whether published or un- published. Literal or analogous citations are clearly marked as such. Munich, 08-09-2010 Lorenzo Libertini Abstract Research on data uncertainty has witnessed remarkable growth in recent years. Findings across a wide spectrum of knowledge domains demonstrate how hu- mans commonly adopt cognitive biases to navigate through unknown circum- stances. In this context, a set of reasoning strategies known as “heuristics” – i.e., logical shortcuts that help individuals to make decisions upon uncertain sit- uations – has been the focus of considerable interest. At the same time, incor- porating uncertainty into visualizations has become a crucial issue for GISci- ence and Cartography. However, there is a notable lack of studies dealing with the process of reasoning under uncertainty, particularly in geospatial data. The present thesis aims at filling such a gap by investigating how map-readers make use of heuristics to reason upon geospatial uncertainty, with a specific focus on the visualization of borders, or “borderization”. -
The Effects of Expertise on the Hindsight Bias
The Effects of Expertise on the Hindsight Bias A Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Melissa A.Z. Marks Knoll, B.A., M.A. Graduate Program in Psychology * * * * * The Ohio State University 2009 Dissertation Committee: Dr. Hal R. Arkes, Advisor Dr. Thomas E. Nygren Dr. Michael C. Edwards ABSTRACT I present data from three experiments in which I explored the effects of expertise on the hindsight bias. In Experiment 1 participants read an essay about baseball or about owning a dog and then answered a 20-question true/false quiz about the baseball essay to the best of their ability (do-your-best group), as if they had not read the essay (discount group), or to the best of their ability even though they read about owning a dog (dogs group). Participants also completed a quiz about baseball rules (measure of expertise). Results demonstrated that as participants’ baseball expertise increased, their inability to act as if they had never read the essay also increased; expertise exacerbated hindsight bias. In Experiment 2, varsity baseball players and baseball non-experts answered a 20- question quiz about baseball current events. Foresight participants answered the questions, while hindsight participants were given the questions and the answers and had to give the probability that they would have known the answers had the answers not been provided. The baseball players displayed no hindsight bias, while non-experts demonstrated the bias. To test of the effects of subjective expertise on hindsight bias, participants in Experiment 3 ranked five topics in order of expertise and gave feeling-of- knowing (FOK) ratings for 100 questions from these topics. -
Interdimensional Hypothesis (Ufology) - Kook Science
Interdimensional hypothesis (Ufology) - Kook Science http://hatch.kookscience.com/wiki/Interdimensional_hypothesis_(Ufology) Interdimensional hypothesis (Ufology) From Kook Science The interdimensional hypothesis (IDH or IH), or extradimensional hypothesis (EDH), is a hypothesis in ufology that proposes UFOs constitute contacts with beings from other dimensions coexisting separate from but alongside our own, as compared to the extraterrestrial hypothesis (ETH) which suggests they are beings from other worlds. The earliest example of an interdimensional hypothesis was Meade Layne's Ether Ship theory of flying saucers; later, less spiritistic hypotheses have been advanced by such persons as John Keel, Jacques Vallée, and J. Allen Hynek. Further Reading Meade Layne, et al., "The Ether Ship Mystery and Its Solution" (1950) John Keel, "UFOs: Operation Trojan Horse" (1970) J. Allen Hynek, Jacques Vallée, "The Edge of Reality: A Progress Report on Unidentified Flying Objects" (1975) Jacques Vallée, "Messengers of Deception: UFO Contacts and Cults" (1980) Retrieved from "http://hatch.kookscience.com/w/index.php?title=Interdimensional_hypothesis_(Ufology)& oldid=1521" Category: Ufology This page was last modified on 3 Content is available under Creative Commons Attribution October 2013, at 00:01. Share Alike unless otherwise noted. 1 of 1 4/10/2014 11:38 PM Lay Bare the Questions: Leadership Lessons from Close By Bill Hogue Encounters any of life’s most important leadership lessons happen when our sense of “normal” is challenged or disrupted. We’re forced to adapt, improvise, and invent new pathways for achieving our objectives. Where do we discover these leadership lessons? They’re not all contained between the covers Mof business bestsellers. -
Download.Xsp/WMP20100280319/O/M20100319.Pdf (Last Accessed 15 April 2018)
Milieux de mémoire in Late Modernity GESCHICHTE - ERINNERUNG – POLITIK STUDIES IN HISTORY, MEMORY AND POLITICS Herausgegeben von / Edited by Anna Wolff-Pow ska & Piotr Forecki ę Bd./Vol. 24 GESCHICHTE - ERINNERUNG – POLITIK Zuzanna Bogumił / Małgorzata Głowacka-Grajper STUDIES IN HISTORY, MEMORY AND POLITICS Herausgegeben von / Edited by Anna Wolff-Pow ska & Piotr Forecki ę Bd./Vol. 24 Milieux de mémoire in Late Modernity Local Communities, Religion and Historical Politics Bibliographic Information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data is available in the internet at http://dnb.d-nb.de. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A CIP catalog record for this book has been applied for at the Library of Congress. Cover image: © Dariusz Bogumił This project was supported by the National Science Centre in Poland grant no. DEC-2013/09/D/HS6/02630. English translation and editing by Philip Palmer Reviewed by Marta Kurkowska-Budzan, Jagiellonian University ISSN 2191-3528 ISBN 978-3-631-67300-3 (Print) E-ISBN 978-3-653-06509-1 (E-PDF) E-ISBN 978-3-631-70830-9 (EPUB) E-ISBN 978-3-631-70831-6 (MOBI) DOI 10.3726/b15596 Open Access: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial No Derivatives 4.0 unported license. To view a copy of this license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ © Zuzanna Bogumił / Małgorzata Głowacka-Grajper, 2019 Peter Lang –Berlin ∙ Bern ∙ Bruxelles ∙ New York ∙ Oxford ∙ Warszawa ∙ Wien This publication has been peer reviewed. www.peterlang.com Bibliographic Information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Acknowledgments Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data is available in the internet at http://dnb.d-nb.de. -
The Post-War Anglo-American Far Right a Special Relationship of Hate 1St Edition Download Free
THE POST-WAR ANGLO-AMERICAN FAR RIGHT A SPECIAL RELATIONSHIP OF HATE 1ST EDITION DOWNLOAD FREE Paul Jackson | 9781137396198 | | | | | The Post-War Anglo-American Far Right: A Special Relationship of Hate Archived from the original on 24 November Security is a real concern. Christianity Islam the Nation of Islam Universities. The Atlantic. Britain is heading blindly for the void. Wikipedia is an educational website and should provide a non-bias report of a group of people. Inga Bejer Engh Svein Holden. I was looking at the Membership section. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press. London: Bloomsbury Academic. And for that reason, 'cultural Marxism' is not only a sad diversion from framing legitimate grievances, but also a dangerous lure [to political violence] in an increasingly unhinged moment [in world history]. Attitude polarization Cognitive dissonance Communal reinforcement Confirmation bias Locus of control Mass hysteria Paranoia Psychological projection. Political correctness is Cultural Marxism. For example, in an edition of The Klansman from some the key underpinnings of its white supremacist viewpoint stand out. User:Rjensenwould you mind taking a look at the article, W. Archived from the original on 22 July Archived from the original on 28 August The Post-War Anglo-American Far Right A Special Relationship of Hate 1st edition even gave tips on how to collate such information: pretend to be an anti-fascist, develop The Post-War Anglo-American Far Right A Special Relationship of Hate 1st edition anti-Nazi petition, and then get people to sign. Archived from the original on 6 October Johnefallis talk2 February UTC. Leslierscott talk17 January UTC. -
|||FREE||| Where We Go
WHERE WE GO FREE DOWNLOAD W. Murray | 56 pages | 02 Jul 2009 | Penguin Books Ltd | 9781409301141 | English | United Kingdom Перевод текста песни Where We Go исполнителя (группы) P!nk The Where We Go patch to the left has been reported to be Where We Go of the SWAT team. Archived from the original on August Where We Go, Senate in Delaware. Prim was arrested in New York City on a pier where she appeared to have been trying to get to the U. Bizarre conspiracy cult leaps from web to Trump rally". Our goal is the same as it has always been: to serve God Where We Go His people by doing His will to the best of our ability. Mary Ann Mendoza shared a thread that includes nearly every anti-Semitic trope of the last century. Retrieved October 17, QAnon members have been spotted at many Trump rallies, and followers liken the president to John F. In DecemberCynthia Abcug was arrested and charged in Colorado with conspiracy to commit second-degree Where We Go of one of her children who had been removed from her custody. Trump and Biden must answer critical budget questions Maya MacGuineas. Proponents of the theory read the emails and alleged they Where We Go code words for pedophilia and human trafficking. Los Angeles. In a year fraught with record-breaking fires in California, the Los Angeles Fire Department introduced the first robotic firefighting vehicle in the United States. Where We Go range of theories credit Q's posts to either a military intelligence officer, a Trump administration insider, an alternate reality game created by the puzzle organization Cicada or Trump himself.