UNEP/UNDP/GEF/BPSP INTEGRATING BIODIVERSITY INTO THE TOURISM SECTOR PERU COUNTRY CASE STUDY by Joaquín Ugarte And Lizzie Pacheco ASOCIACIÓN ESPECIALIZADA PARA EL DESARROLLO SOSTENIBLE AEDES COOP. JOHN KENNEDY A-1, J.L. BUSTAMANTE Y R. AREQUIPA, ERÚ AP. POSTAL 2114 AREQUIPA E. MAIL:
[email protected] www.aedes.com.pe 1. OVERVIEW OF PRESENT STATE OF TORISM DEVELOPMENT IN PERU 1.1. RELATIVE IMPORTANCE IN THE PERUVIAN ECONOMY When considering the Peruvian economy’s different sectors, those which generate foreign income should be given a very high priority; among these are the exports of copper and fisheries, and of course, tourism. Tourism is considered to be one of the most important economic activities in Peru, and is the country’s second largest source of foreign income (one billion dollars in 1999 with a growth trend). It represents 13% of the number of jobs in the services area and is providing 43,000 new jobs per year. 100,000 people are employed directly, and 400,000 indirectly, in tourism. This sector generates one hundred million US dollars annually for the State by means of the General Sales Tax (IGV), which is 18%. This tax isn’t only for tourist activity, is applied for a general services. The monetary inflation in the year 1990 was 7,481.7%. Annual inflation had been cut to 6.46% by the year 1997, in which year the GNP rose by 7.4%. Foreign income from tourism, compared with exports, grew from 6.2% in 1985 to 11.9% in 1997 It is hoped, using a conservative, if not pessimistic estimate that Peru will receive 1 300 000 tourists in the year 2005, in concordance with the Master Plan, which envisages an annual increment of 60 000 tourists.