Public Disclosure Authorized

DENIZLI MUNICIPALITY WATER SUPPLY, SEWER AND STORMWATER SYSTEMS REHABILITATION PROJECT

Public Disclosure Authorized

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN Public Disclosure Authorized

Public Disclosure Authorized

August 2010

Prepared by:

Prof. Dr. M. Necdet Alpaslan Assoc. Prof. Dr. Deniz Dölgen Dr. Hülya Boyacıoğlu Dr. Hasan Sarptas

DENIZLI MUNICIPALITY WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM REHABILITATION AND SEWER SYSTEM PROJECTS ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION ...... 3 1.1. GENERAL...... 3 1.2. PROJECT DEMAND ...... 3 1.3. PURPOSE AND SCOPE OF THE PROJECT ...... 5 1.4. BENEFITS OF THE PROJECT...... 7 1.5. SCOPE OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN...... 8

2. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT AREA...... 9 2.1. GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION...... 9 2.2. TOPOGRAPHY AND GEOMORPHOLOGY...... 10 2.3. GEOLOGY AND SEISMOLOGY...... 12 2.4. SOIL PATTERN ...... 13 2.5. LANDUSE AND LAND COVER ...... 13 2.6. CLIMATE ...... 14 2.7. DEMOGRAPHIC FEATURES...... 14 2.8. SOCIO-ECONOMIC FEATURES ...... 15 2.9. PROTECTED AREAS ...... 16

3. PROJECT DESCRIPTION...... 19 3.1. WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM REHABILITATION PROJECTS...... 19 3.1.1. Pre-existing Projects...... 19 3.1.2. Alter Project ...... 19 3.1.3. Sedes Project...... 20 3.1.4. Final Feasibility Report of Denizli Water Supply System Rehabilitation Project...... 21 3.1.5. Prevailing Conditions...... Hata! Yer işareti tanımlanmamış. 3.2. SEWER SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION PROJECT ...... 26 3.3. STORMWATER DRAINAGE SYSTEM...... 29

4. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ...... 31 4.1. IMPACT MITIGATION PLAN...... 31 4.2. MONITORING PLAN...... 32

Denizli Municipality Water Supply, Sewer And Stormwater Systems Rehabilitation Project EMP 1

5. INSTITUTIONAL STRUCTURE ...... 54 5.1. GENERAL...... 54 5.2. EXISTING ADMINISTRATIVE (INSTITUTIONAL) STRUCTURE ...... 54 5.3. PROPOSED INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS IN THE SCOPE OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP)...... 55

6. PUBLIC AWARENESS MEETING...... 57

6.1. Minutes of Meeting…………………………………………………………………………………….…..57

REFERENCES ...... 61

LIST OF TABLES

Table 2.1 Agricultural land uses Table 2.2 Population change in Denizli (1927-2009) Table 2.3 Population of districts of Denizli as of 2009 Table 3.1 Planned and completed investments within the scope of Denizli Sewer System Projects approved in 1986 and 2001 Table 3.2 Location And Characteristics Of Existing Stormwater Drainage System Of Denizli Table 3.7 Length and Diameters of Water Supply System Planned to be Constructed by Additional Finance Credit Table 3.8 Length and Diameters of Sewerage System Planned to be Constructed by Additional Finance Credit Table 3.9 Length and Diameters of Stormwater Drainage System Planned to be Constructed by Additional Finance Credit Table 4.1 Impact Mitigation Plan Table 4.2 Monitoring Plan Table 6.1 Participants Invited To the Public Awareness Meeting

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1.1 View Of The Denizli City And The Newly Completed Project Area Figure 2.1 Location Of Denizli (A) In Turkey (B) In Aegean Region Figure 2.2 Districts And Neighborhood Provinces Of Denizli Figure 2.3 Topographical Map Of Denizli (Digital Elevation Map) Figure 2.4 Active Faults Of Denizli Figure 2.5 Denizli Province Map

Denizli Municipality Water Supply, Sewer And Stormwater Systems Rehabilitation Project EMP 2 Figure 3.1 Water Budget As Of Year 2008 Figure 3.3 Total Amount Of Water Abstracted From Derindere Spring Figure 3.4 Total Amount of Water Abstracted From Gökpinar Spring Figure 3.5 Schematic Representations (Main Collectors) Of Wastewater System In Denizli Figure 3.6 General Lay Out of the Newly Completed Area and Additional Finance Project Area Figure 4.1a Potential Impacts and Issues Considered In the Mitigation Plan for Construction Stage Figure 4.1b Potential Impacts and Issues Considered In the Mitigation Plan for Operation Stage Figure 6.1 Public Awareness Meeting Announcement (Poster) Figure 6.1.1 Public Awareness Meeting Invitation Card Figure 6.1.2 Public Awareness Meeting Announcement Banner Figure 6.2 Public Awareness Meeting Announcement at Denizli Municipality Official Web Site Figure 6.3 Public Awareness Meeting Announcement at Local Press Figure 6.4 List of Participants Figure 6.5 Photographs from the Public Awareness Meeting Figure 6.6 News about the Public Awareness Meeting at Local Press Web Site Figure 6.7 News about Public Awareness Meeting at Local Press

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1. GENERAL

This report was prepared in accordance with the agreement signed between Denizli Municipality and Egebiyoteknoloji Inc. within the scope of “Denizli Municipality; Municipality Services Project: Environmental Assessment Consultancy Services for Water Supply System Rehabilitation and Sewer System Projects”. In the report, background information on water supply system rehabilitation and sewer system projects (including stormwater), description of the project area, impact mitigation and monitoring plans, assessments on the institutional structure of Denizli Municipality that is responsible from the execution of the project and the minutes of the public awareness meeting are presented in separate sections.

1.2. PROJECT DEMAND

Denizli is situated in Aegean Region of Turkey and covers an area of approximately 11,868 km2. The city stands out with tourism and industry. Based on the 2009 Address Based Population Registration System results, the population of the Central province is 488,768 as reported by Turkish Statistical Institute (TUIK). Being a rapidly growing city, Denizli experiences problems with regards to its infrastructural systems about which, several investment activities have been initiated where Denizli Municipality is being considered to be the major beneficiary. The first one of these issues is the general deficiency of the water supply system and the associated water losses. According to the “Final Feasibility Report” prepared in June 2005 by KAYA (KAYA Consulting and Engineering Inc.) - SNS (SNS Consulting and Engineering Inc.) Joint Venture, the total amount of water supplied to the system in 2003 was 23,849,688 m3/year of which only 14,815,114 m3/year (app. 62%) was legally consumed and the remaining 9,034,574 m3/year (app. 38%) was reported as “water losses”. It was further

Denizli Municipality Water Supply, Sewer And Stormwater Systems Rehabilitation Project EMP 3 reported that 438,320 m3/year (app. 2%) of these losses were due to illegal consumption, incorrect measurement and defective water meters, which are typically difficult to prevent. However, the remaining 8,596,254 m3/year of these losses (app. 36% of total water supplied to the city) are physical losses that could be minimized by the rehabilitation of the infrastructure. On the other hand, it was pointed out in the “Technical Assessment Report of the Denizli Water Supply System Feasibility Works” dated February 2005 that a major portion of the water supply system would need to be renewed as well as the capacity and the service area of the existing infrastructure would need to be increased since the current water supply network was old and inadequate, could no longer satisfy the demand both qualitatively and quantitatively, and the system experienced frequent failures resulting in a decline in water and service quality further resulting in difficulties in providing a satisfactory service to the existing and future customers. Originating from these necessities, the Denizli Water Supply Rehabilitation project has been initiated.

On the other hand, the city of Denizli also experiences problems with regards to its insufficient sewer and stormwater system. The attempts on the construction of a sewer system in Denizli (Center) have been initiated in 1980’s, and several tasks were completed till now. Among these tasks, which were mainly executed under the control of the İller Bankası, the construction of 105,279 m network and 2,400 m main collector has been completed as of 1990. In addition, another project [Denizli – Center, Bağırsak (Gökpınar) Creek watershed sewerage system implementation project] has been prepared in 2001 to collect the wastewaters originating from the protection area of the Gökpinar Reservoir that was allocated for drinking water supply to Denizli. Furthermore, another sewer system project was prepared to provide the sewer system requirements of the Bağırsak Creek and Bozburun Region (which was already within the boundaries of the Denizli Municipality in the year of 2006) .

Within the scope of this project (which tendered in February 2006), suitable areas (with regards to elevation and location) are connected to the existing sewer network. (*)In the meanwhile, Denizli Municipality has modified the Bağırsak Creek collector project and connected 70% of this line to 1600 mm diameter Ellez Collector in order to protect the environment from adverse impacts. Thus, wastewaters that were previously discharged to the receiving environment without any treatment have been redirected to the existing Eskihisar Wastewater Treatment Plant. Regarding the data obtained from Eskihisar Wastewater Treatment Plant Management, original capacity of the Wastewater Treatment Plant was 1690 lt/se, before additional load the plant was receiving 638 lt/se, and additional load was around 13.6% of the original capacity.(the load was increased due to above mentioned modification of Bağırsak Collector and connection to the Ellez Collector*) Current load of the WWTP is 868 lt/se therefore the WWTP is being operated by 51% capacity and capable of handling wastewater treatment which will be brought with this Additional Finance project..

This modification was an important decision of the municipality for environmental protection. Despite these efforts, the majority of the sewer lines that currently serve to collect the wastewaters of Denizli city center are old and don’t operate properly. In addition the existing lines serve as combined system, because there are many illegal connections to the sewer line from the roofs and thus during the storm, the capacity is exceeded. Therefore the system needs to be rehabilitated and separated.

Finally, stormwater is another problem that affects the quality of life and the traffic in the city center. Although a stormwater collection network exists in the city center, this system is old and under- capacity. In addition, as noted above, most of the sewerage system is also used for storm water. Thus, a new stormwater drainage system is required particularly for the city center to drain the storm separately.

Denizli Municipality Water Supply, Sewer And Stormwater Systems Rehabilitation Project EMP 4

Consequently, Denizli Municipality, as the major beneficiary, has initiated a number of infrastructure projects related to the rehabilitation of the water supply system and the completion of the deficiencies of the wastewater collection and stormwater drainage system. Tendering and implementation of these projects are important requirements to be fulfilled in the shortest time frame possible.

1.3. PURPOSE AND SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

A total of 30 Million Euro loan has been obtained from the World Bank to satisfy the requirements mentioned in the previous section. Of this total, 10 Million Euro will be spent on rehabilitation of the water supply system and the remaining 20 Million Euro (TU-12) spent for the sewerage and stormwater system within 4 packages; DEN-W1, DEN2-W2, DEN2-W5, DEN2-W6. All these packages consist of water, wastewater and stormwater systems. Additional finance (around 34 Million Euro) requested from the World Bank for the supplementary purposes of existing project. In scope of additional finance, the water supply and sewerage system stormwater drainage system will be rehabilitated in the new project area identified in the boundary of Denizli Municipality. The overall objective of the project is increasing the operational efficiency of the infrastructure system together with ensuring the sustainability of this system. New project area selected in the old city center, surrounding the (WB loaned), newly completed four packages through engineering works; water network designed by UBM-SNS, wastewater network designed by RAMTEK, stormwater system designed by Kaynak Engineering, water and storm water designs are superposed to the wastewater designs by SUYAPI.

Additional finance project packages will support and extend currently completed construction works (DEN-W1, DEN2-W4, DEN2-W5, DEN2-W6). Within the upper elevations, waste water and storm water will be separated and the load of newly finished 4 packages will be diminished. For the lower elevations of current four packages, discharge of the wastewater and stormwater will be easier. As thinking of water distribution system, selected area is the oldest part of Denizli with high losses, asbestos pipes, and also new project will provide additional isolated water network areas (District Metering Areas) will be constructed surrounding the finished four packages. This project will be held in two main construction packages (“DEN3-W1 Construction of Water, Storm Water and Sewerage Network – I”, “DEN3-W2 Construction of Water, Storm Water and Sewerage Network – II”. Both packages include water, wastewater and stormwater systems. Also a SCADA establishment package (DEN3-W3) will be completed.

1. Specific purpose of the additional finance water supply project is to increase the operational efficiency by preventing water losses, to decrease the energy consumption and to maintain the efficient use of water resources. To achieve this objective, rehabilitation and replacement works will be carried out on the system. 2. Specific purpose of the additional finance sewerage project is to prevent the infiltration with the renewed pipelines, to transmit all produced wastewater to the existing wastewater treatment plant and to increase the operational efficiency. Accordingly, the project is comprised of the construction and operation of sewer network that is composed of secondary lines. 3. Specific purpose of the additional finance stormwater drainage project is to reduce the adverse effects of the surface undrained water on the city life as well as to prevent overloading of the wastewater treatment plant by collecting storm water with new stormwater collectors. This project will develop the ability of collect wastewater and storm water separately.

Denizli Municipality Water Supply, Sewer And Stormwater Systems Rehabilitation Project EMP 5

Newly completed 4 Packages

Figure 1.1 View of the Denizli City and the Newly Completed 4 packages (with World Bank loan, TU8,TU12)

Denizli Municipality Water Supply, Sewer And Stormwater Systems Rehabilitation Project EMP 6

Figure 3.6: Additional Finance, Project Area* (*Suggested area may vary through technical requirements)

1.4. BENEFITS OF THE PROJECT

The following benefits are expected to occur when the planned tasks of the project are completed.

 Regarding Water Balance as of year 2008 (see Final Feasibility Report, 18.01.2010), physical water losses were around 48%, will be decreased to around 20%, and thus, water savings will be achieved.

 Drinking water quality will improve as a result of less infiltration to the network. Drinking water analysis results are displaying contaminants are within the legal limits. (Ref: Final Feasibility Report, 19.01.2010 Attachment 4: Water Analysis Results), since the new and replaced pipes (ductile iron pipe) are less permeable than the originals (old - steel and AC), there will be less infiltration.

 Since the current work packages are being constructed in old city center, number of serviced people (by means of water supply) has not changed.

 Operation of the water distribution system will become easier and systematic, and thus, costs associated with overuse of water and expenses caused by an aging network will be reduced Denizli Municipality Water Supply, Sewer And Stormwater Systems Rehabilitation Project EMP 7  Denizli (Center) will have a new wastewater collection system that serves better collection and transport of wastewater. This will be a “separate system” and the storm water will not be allowed to connect.

 Proper collection of stormwater will reduce flooding risks and also prevent damage. It will facilitate separate collection of storm water and wastewater.

 SCADA system will provide best water management practices and prevent water, energy losses.

1.5. SCOPE OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

There are several infrastructure projects (Water Supply, Wastewater Collection and Storm Water Drainage) in Denizli that have been completed in the past, are being constructed as of today and will be conducted in the future. These projects include the construction of reservoirs, pumping stations and wastewater treatment plants. However this Environmental Management Plan (EMP) report only considers the renewal of the pipe networks belonging to the water supply, wastewater collection and stormwater drainage systems within the regions shown in Fig. 1.1. Other parts of the Denizli Water Supply and Sewerage Project including the pumping station, wastewater treatment plant, main collectors and the chlorination unit are not within the scope of the WB-funded projects. Thus, the environmental impacts and the associated mitigation measures of only the pipe renewal works for the above-mentioned area are discussed. Nevertheless, in the operation phase of the water supply system, impact mitigation and monitoring works associated with pumping and chlorination operations are included in this EMP report for completeness purposes.

Denizli Municipality Water Supply, Sewer And Stormwater Systems Rehabilitation Project EMP 8 2. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT AREA

2.1. GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION

Denizli is a city of industry and tourism that is situated in southwestern part of the Aegean Region of Turkey. It is bordered by Afyon and Burdur to the east, Aydin and Manisa to the west, Uşak to the north and Muğla to the south. The province lies between 37° 12’ – 38° 12’ N latitudes and 28° 30’ – 29° 30’E longitudes. The location map of Denizli in Turkey and in the Aegean Region is given in Fig. 2.1.

(a)

(b)

Figure 2.1. Location of Denizli (a) in Turkey (b) in Aegean Region

Geographically, the city covers an area of approximately 11,868 km2 and is located on the northern foothills of Akdağ. It lies on a plateau which is drained by Aksu Creek, a tributary of Büyük Menderes River.

Denizli Municipality Water Supply System Rehabilitation and Sewer System Projects EMP 9 Administratively, the province of Denizli is divided into 18 districts: Acipayam, Akkoy, Babadag, Baklan, Bekilli, Beyagac, Bozkurt, Buldan, Cal, Cameli, Cardak, Civril, Guney, Honaz, Kale, Saraykoy, Serinhisar and Tavas (see Fig. 2.2).

Figure 2.2. Districts and neighborhood provinces of Denizli

2.2. TOPOGRAPHY AND GEOMORPHOLOGY

About 28-30% of the total land area of the province of Denizli is covered by plains, 25% by plateaus and highlands and 47% by mountains. The lowest and highest points of the region are Saraykoy and Cameli with elevations of 170 m and 1350 m above mean sea level, respectively. The elevation of the city center is 350 m. The digital elevation model showing the topographic structure of the province is given in Fig. 2.3.

The topographic and geomorphologic structure of the province is analyzed in three major categories: (i) plains, (ii) plateaus, and (iii) mountains and valleys.

The plains of Denizli province are grouped into two categories as lowland and highland plains with average elevations of 200 m and 900 m, respectively. The plains of the province are accessible from east to the west in the form of successive steps, the lowest point of which is the Büyük Menderes

Denizli Municipality Water Supply System Rehabilitation and Sewer System Projects EMP 10 Plain. The first step is the Dazkiri and Çardak highland plains that are located at the Afyon border and the Civril and Baklan highlands in the northern parts of the province. The next step is the Kaklik plain followed by Boceli plain. Saraykoy plain follows Boceli, which is finally followed by the Buyuk Menderes Plain that serves as a gateway to the province of Aydin.

Figure 2.3. Topographical map of Denizli (Digital elevation map)

Major plateaus of the province could be named as: Karayayla and Cameli plateaus in the district of Kale; Bagbasi and Uzunpinar plateaus in Denizli Central District; Yoran and Sahman plateaus in the district of Tavas; Eseler plateau in the district of Acipayam; Suleymaniye plateau in the district of Buldan; Homa plateau in the district of Civril and Kuyucak plateau in the district of Cal. In addition to these major plateaus, numerous others with smaller sizes are also present within the provincial boundaries.

Mount Honaz with an altitude of 2,571 m is the highest point of the province and the entire Aegean Region. Other mountains of the province could be named as: Akdag (2,449 m), Bozdag (2,421 m), Babadag (2,308 m), Eseler (2,254 m), Kizilhisar (2,241 m), Bulkaz (1,990 m), Buyukcokelez (1,840 m),

Denizli Municipality Water Supply System Rehabilitation and Sewer System Projects EMP 11 Elmadag (1,805 m), Besparmak (1,307 m) and Sazak (1,145 m). Finally, Buyuk Menderes and Curuksu valleys are the most fertile areas of the province. These valleys cover a large area extending from the districts of Saraykoy, Buldan and Akkoy towards Boceli and Goncali villages of the central district as well as the town of Pamukkale.

2.3. GEOLOGY AND SEISMOLOGY

The land characteristic of the Province of Denizli is from the fourth period and is mainly composed of metamorphic rocks and sedimentary alluviums. The geological periods of land structure are complex. The soils of the province are mostly from the Neogene Age. Clayey-silty sandstone, claystone, sandy siltstone, silty-sandy gravelstone and gravelstone are the Neogene-aged deposits in the province. Clay-silt-sand-gravel unit, silt unit, sand-silt-clay unit and organic clay-silt unit are among the Quaternary-aged sediments in the province. The fan sediments are characterized by clay-silt-sand- gravel unit, sandy gravel unit and pebbly gravel unit.

Denizli is at the intersection point of Gediz, Buyuk Menderes and Çürüksu grabens. In particular, the fault lines that form these grabens intersect around Denizli and Sarayköy. Since projected area is located within the first-degree earthquake zone (see Figure 2.4) preferably earthquake resistant pipe- “ductile iron pipe” was used for the water supply system rehabilitation project. According to the Turkish Regulation on Disaster Management for Infrastructure Systems, materials used in the pipeline in disaster sensitive areas should be made of flexible material which resists earth movements; and pipe joints should be resistant to breaking and rupturing; and should be made of corrosion resistant material. In addition; pipe joints should have either gasket or fusion weld.

Those specifications (that İller Bankası accepts) have been considered in the pipe material selection process. Thus ductile iron pipe and fittings with joints that have expansion and deflection capabilities have been specified in the project design.

Figure 2.4. Active faults of Denizli

Denizli Municipality Water Supply System Rehabilitation and Sewer System Projects EMP 12 2.4. SOIL PATTERN

The large soil groups observed in Denizli province and their sizes are given as follows:  Alluvial soils- 75,692 ha  Red yellow padzolic soils- 29,107 ha  Colluvial soils- 134,457 ha  Non-calcareous brown forest soils  Rendzina soils- 113,052 ha  Brown forest soils- 318,896 ha  Red brown Mediterranean soils- 234,748 ha  Red Mediterranean soils- 38,055 ha  Non-calcareous brown soils- 40,430 ha

The residential area of Denizli is situated over Rendzina and Colluvial soils. In the hilly region between Honaz, Eskihisar and Kumkisik, soil class is generally VI-VIII. These are calcareous dolomite and marn soils with a natural cover of brush and weed. In the irrigated areas, land uses are primarily vineyards, gardens where as in non-irrigated areas, land uses are mainly grain. Pastures and scrub areas are also present in regions where agriculture is not practiced.

Colluvial soils that spans through the Kayhan-Hacieyuplu band is mainly Class II soils. In recent years, the city of Denizli has developed towards these soils located to the west of the city. The same type soils also extend as a band through Eskihisar-Akkonak to the west. Both sides of Çürüksu Creek have alluvial soils suitable for irrigated farming that are predominantly Class II soils. Non-calcareous brown soils are observed in Şirinkoy-Göveçlik-Kayakoy triangle located in western part of the province. Partly brush, meadow lands also exist in the region.

Rendzina soils also extend from Hacieyüplü towards northwest direction. On the other hand, the highly sloping mountainous area located to the south are composed of Class VII red brown Mediterranean soils. Agricultural fields in the region have salinity problems and are under the risk of water and wind erosion. Thus, factors such as soil class, agricultural and irrigational areas must be considered as particularly important data layers for environmental planning in Denizli, particularly in urban residential planning decisions.

Economy of the region depends mainly on agricultural products and industrial plants. Food demands of the growing population are met by local agricultural production. Therefore, highly productive agricultural lands must not be subject to urban development. Consequently, new urban areas must be developed on geologically suitable areas that are not appropriate for agriculture.

2.5. LANDUSE AND LAND COVER

The total surface area of the province of Denizli is 1,186,800 ha. Of this total, 31.8% is agricultural land (376,738 ha), 4.9% is pasture land (58,316 ha), 44% is forest land (521,959 ha) and 19.4% is residential areas (229,787).

Details on agricultural land uses are presented in Table 2.1.

Denizli Municipality Water Supply System Rehabilitation and Sewer System Projects EMP 13 Table 2.1 Agricultural Land Uses Agricultural Lands Area (ha) Distribution (%)

Arable Crops 296.356 78.7 Vineyards 45,783 12.2 Orchard 17,109 4.4 Vegetable Fields 13,659 3.7 Olive trees 3,831 1 Total 376.738 100.0

2.6. CLIMATE

Since Denizli Province is situated on a transition zone between Mediterranean, Aegean and Central Anatolia regions, its climate represents similar characteristics. In general, the province has the climatic features of the Aegean Region and the southern portions of Central Anatolian Region. The districts of Çameli, Beyağac and Kale demonstrate the characteristics of Mediterranean climate; Sarayköy, Buldan (partly) and Çürüksu Valley of the central district represent characteristics of the Aegean climate and the remaining districts demonstrate the characteristics of Central Anatolian climate.

The climate of the province is slightly harder than the typical Aegean climate. Summer temperatures could go as high as 42°C, where as the winter temperatures could decrease to -15°C. The average summer temperature is 25–30°C and the average winter temperature is 4–8°C. The monthly average temperature is above 10°C during more than at least 9 months of the year. Based on 17 years of data, average temperature in the province is 15.8°C.

Mean annual total precipitation is 547 mm. This value was recorded as 510.6 mm in the year 2006. About 70% of the total annual precipitation is observed in October-March period. The region demonstrates typical characteristics of the Aegean climate and has a maximum recorded snowfall depth of 3 cm. Dominant wind direction shows seasonal variability. Wind blows from southwest direction in March and April; from northwest during May-November period; and from southwest during December-March period. Highest wind speeds are observed in December, January, February and March. In 2006, average monthly wind speed was recorded to be 1.2 m/s.

2.7. DEMOGRAPHIC FEATURES

Denizli is the second largest city of the Aegean region. The changes in urban and rural population as well as the change in population density between 1927 and 2009 are given in Table 2.2. The distributions of population with regards to the districts and its growth rate during 1990-2009 periods are given in Table 2.3.

Average population growth rate of the city was 1.9% except for the period 1935-1940 where it was only 0.49%. This ratio is relatively higher than the world average (1.7%) and the European average (0.3%). Based on 1990 census results, annual population growth rate was 2.4% in Turkey. This ratio was recorded to be 6.1% and 2.7% for urban and rural populations of Denizli, respectively, representing the fact that the urban population of the province increases at a much faster rate than its rural population.

Denizli Municipality Water Supply System Rehabilitation and Sewer System Projects EMP 14 2.8. SOCIO-ECONOMIC FEATURES

Being situated on fertile lands with good transportation access, the province of Denizli has long been known as an agricultural center and trade hub of the region. In the last 30 years, however, it has shown a remarkable industrial development. The success behind this development is primarily due to the capital transfer to industry, which accumulated in years through hand crafts and weaving together with trading activities. Consequently, Denizli became the second fastest growing city of the Aegean region following Izmir. Gross National Product (GNP) of Denizli is in the order of 2133 US Dollars as of 2001 prices. When the entire GNP of Turkey is considered, it is seen that Denizli is ranked 20th among 81 provinces. This value corresponds to a share of 1.24% from the national economy.

Table 2.2 Population change in Denizli (1927-2009) Census Urban Rural Total Population Year Population Population Population Density 1927 41,209 202,603 243,812 21 1935 43,866 242,052 285,918 24 1940 47,619 237,606 285,225 24 1945 51,251 264,683 315,934 27 1950 61,297 278,980 340,277 29 1955 72,170 296,124 368,294 31 1960 100,916 324,533 425,449 36 1965 117,739 345,630 463,369 39 1970 141,309 369,851 511,160 43 1975 171,586 389,330 560,916 47 1980 205,938 397,400 603,338 51 1985 248,673 418,805 667,478 56 1990 337,793 413,089 750,882 63 2000 413,914 436,115 850,029 72 2009 630,997 295,365 926,362

Denizli Municipality Water Supply System Rehabilitation and Sewer System Projects EMP 15 Table 2.3 Population Of Districts Of Denizli as of 2009 Urban Rural Total

Denizli Total Men Women Total Men Women Total Men Women

Acıpayam 12.588 6.380 6.208 45.767 23.070 22.697 58.355 29.450 28.905

Buldan 15.197 7.334 7.863 12.233 6.024 6.209 27.430 13.358 14.072

Çal 3.887 1.937 1.950 18.762 9.100 9.662 22.649 11.037 11.612

Çameli 2.837 1.478 1.359 17.661 8.950 8.711 20.498 10.428 10.070

Çardak 4.634 2.352 2.282 4.886 2.428 2.458 9.520 4.780 4.740

Çivril 17.653 8.747 8.906 43.838 21.536 22.302 61.491 30.283 31.208

Merkez 488.768 244.840 243.928 29.143 14.781 14.362 517.911 259.621 258.290 (Central District) Güney 5.908 2.901 3.007 5.809 2.861 2.948 11.717 5.762 5.955

Kale 8.150 4.051 4.099 13.894 6.870 7.024 22.044 10.921 11.123

Sarayköy 18.526 9.320 9.206 11.505 5.686 5.819 30.031 15.006 15.025

Tavas 12.789 6.243 6.546 38.855 18.992 19.863 51.644 25.235 26.409

Babadağ 4.185 2.069 2.116 3.522 1.779 1.743 7.707 3.848 3.859

Bekilli 3.481 1.648 1.833 4.849 2.286 2.563 8.330 3.934 4.396

Honaz 9.788 4.902 4.886 21.143 11.543 9.600 30.931 16.445 14.486

Serinhisar 10.765 5.380 5.385 4.673 2.259 2.414 15.438 7.639 7.799

Akköy 2.755 1.393 1.362 2.763 1.389 1.374 5.518 2.782 2.736 Baklan 2.062 991 1.071 4.297 2.108 2.189 6.359 3.099 3.260

Beyağaç 2.664 1.366 1.298 4.577 2.280 2.297 7.241 3.646 3.595

Bozkurt 4.360 2.127 2.233 7.188 3.513 3.675 11.548 5.640 5.908

Total 630.997 315.459 315.538 295.365 147.455 147.910 926.362 462.914 463.448

Denizli Municipality Water Supply System Rehabilitation and Sewer System Projects EMP 16 2.9. PROTECTED AREAS

Denizli is a tourism center with its ancient cities, hot springs and is unique in the world with its travertine, some of which, are listed below and shown in the map (Fig. 2.5).

. Honaz Mountain National Park –Honaz Mountain (highest point of the Aegean Region) and its vicinity. The park covers an area of 9616 ha.  Pamukkale Special Protection Area – Thermal springs and travertine (UNESCO World Heritage Site).  Beyagac Kartal Lake and its vicinity – Being a moraine lake, Lake Kartal and its vicinity are designated as a Nature Protection Area in 1994 due to its black pine. It covers a total area of 1309 ha.  Cankurtaran Watershed Protection Area.  Karcideresi Forest Land.  Buldan Suleymaniye Forest Land – A natural wetland ecosystem that covers a total area of 150 ha and provides a natural habitat for numerous species including wild gooses, storks, water snakes, frogs and water turtles.  Acipayam Evkara Pine Grove –5 ha redpine grove area.  Guney Waterfall Natural Monument Protection Land.  Akbas Resevoir Protection Area.

Among the ancient cities, only Hierapolis (Pamukkale) is in the boundary of the city and it is 19 km far from the project area. The distances of other ancient cities from project area are given below.

Eumenia (96 km) Tripolis (40 km) Alacain (60 km) Herecleia Salbece (52 km) Laund (64 km) Tabae ((78 km) Sebastopolis (45 km) Colossae (25 km) Anava (58 km) Attuda (37 km) Trapezopolis (35 km)

Since these sites are located outside of the project area, they will not be affected from the project activities. The aforementioned tourist areas are shown in Fig. 2.5 on Denizli Province Map. Similarly, the figure also shows the area (Denizli center) where this EMP is conducted. As seen from this figure, the historic and tourist areas mentioned above are situated away from the Denizli city center. Thus, trench construction activities will not have negative impacts in these areas.

Denizli Municipality Water Supply System Rehabilitation and Sewer System Projects EMP 17

Distance from Distance from Province Province Denizli (km) Denizli (km) Acipayam 60 Cameli 111 Akkoy 23 Cardak 58 Babadag 35 Civril 96 Baklan 61 Guney 65 Bekilli 87 Honaz 22 Beyaga 108 Kale 71 Bozkurt 51 Saraykoy 20 Buldan 39 Serinhisar 39 Çal 64 Tavas 45

Figure 2.5. Denizli province map

Denizli Municipality Water Supply System Rehabilitation and Sewer System Projects EMP 18 3. PROJECT DESCRIPTION General:

Proposed Additional Finance project (see Figure 3.6) will be constructed around the newly completed four packages for supplemental, interceptional purposes. Current four packages (see Fig. 1.1) had been constructed on oldest parts of city by using WB Municipal Services Loan I, Updated or revised (approved) master plans were taken into account. Length and Diameters of Water Supply, Wastewater and Stormwater Systems Planned to be Constructed in Short Term (2011-2013) by Additional Finance Credit are listed in the end of article 3.1, 3.2 and 3.3.

3.1. WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM REHABILITATION PROJECTS

3.1.1. Pre-existing Projects

In parallel to urban development, several projects have been implemented since 1952 to supply the required amount of water to the city of Denizli. However, pre-existing projects serve limited parts of the city and the population, and thus are not capable of meeting the demands. The most comprehensive project completed so far was the “Alter project” that was implemented between 1992 and 1994, the details of which are given in the following sections. Later on, “Sedes Project” was realized in a wider regional scale in 1999. Finally, “Denizli Water Supply System Rehabilitation Project Final Feasibility Report” was prepared in 2005. All of these projects were reviewed and summarized in the following sections of this EMP. Moreover, “Denizli (Center) Water Supply Project Hydrologic Report” was another project prepared within the same context in October 1992 by Alter Engineering (Alter Consulting and Engineering Inc.). Furthermore, documents related to the “Report on Design Parameters and Criteria For Hydraulic Calculations” prepared in June 2007 as a part of the consultancy services for water network rehabilitation, documents on SCADA system design, tender and construction supervision documents (DEN C2) by UBM-SNS group, documents related to water supply projects of municipalities merged in accordance with the Resolution on “Determination of the Border” prepared by various consulting firms as well as other related documents have also been reviewed, projects sites were visited, and interviews were conducted with the officials from Denizli Municipality and Bank of Provinces.

3.1.2. Alter Project

This project was prepared by ALTER Engineering Ltd. in 1992-1994 to study and evaluate the existing water supply network that provides drinking water to the entire city. The following data were considered for the project.

Projection year = 2027 Projection population (center) = 543,000 inhabitants Projection population (province) = 700,000 inhabitants Specific per capita domestic water consumption q = 275 l/cap/day Water loss rate during project design phase (between 1992-1994) = 44 % Lowest elevation of the project area in the existing map= 250 m (above sea level - ASL) Highest elevation of the project area in the existing map = 665 m

Denizli Municipality Water Supply System Rehabilitation and Sewer System Projects EMP 19 Elevation difference = 415 m Lowest elevation of the project area in contiguous area = 210 m Highest elevation of the project area in contiguous area= 700 m Elevation difference = 490m

Based on these elevations, the city has been divided into 6 pressure zones within the scope of the Alter project. The following water resources have been determined to supply these 6 zones:

Gökpınar Spring: The Gökpınar Spring is located in the southern part of the city and is 30 km away from Denizli. The capacity of the source is 773 l/s or 19,500,000 m3/year (with 80% efficiency) The elevation of the spring is 573 m. The planned flow rate to be taken from the source is designed to be 600 l/s. Gökpınar transmission line is designed as gravity system and have a total capacity of 1300 lt/s. It is made of 1000 mm steel pipe. ( This project is constructed, completed)

Derindere Spring: The Derindere Spring is located in the southern part of the city and is 1.5 km away from Gökpınar. It is flow rate is quite variable but has been taken 328 l/s or 8, 2750,000 m3/year (with 80% efficiency) according to feasibility report. The elevation of the spring is 615 m. The planned flow rate to be taken from the source is designed to be 100 l/s. Derindere transmission line is designed to have a total capacity of 372 l/s and is planned to be made of 500 mm steel and asbestos cement pipe. ( This project is constructed, completed)

Deep wells: A total of 16 wells are located in the various parts of the city with a total capacity of 516 l/s. ( This project is constructed, completed)

In this project, the construction of two transmissions lines with 52 storage tanks (14 of which were existing), 11 pumping stations (4 of which were existing) were proposed. In addition, the water supply network was divided into 29 zones to provide a minimum and a maximum operating hydrostatic pressure of 30 m and 80 m, respectively.

This project was prepared about 15 years ago and construction activities were partially completed. During this period, the project was also partly modified. For instance, the pipeline coming from Derindere Spring was changed to steel pipe despite the fact that the pipe was designed to be asbestos cement. The Asbestos Cement (AC) pipes were only used in the secondary network. The special health and safety precautions that need to be implemented during the renewal of the aging asbestos cement pipes within the scope of this WB funded project are discussed in detail in Chapter 4: Mitigation Measures.

3.1.3. Sedes Project

Another project “Bağbaşı Municipality Water Supply Network Project” has been prepared by SEDES Engineering Ltd. in 1999. This project intended to supply water to certain parts of the city. However, these areas are not situated in areas where pipe renewal activities will be carried out as a part of this EMP. This data is provided for completeness purposes only. A brief summary of this project is presented as follows:

Projection year: 2035 Projection population = 51,000 inhabitants Specific per capita domestic water consumption q = 170 l/cap/day Population density= 100 cap/ha

Denizli Municipality Water Supply System Rehabilitation and Sewer System Projects EMP 20 This project was designed to be fed by two sources: Gökpınar transmission line: Flow: 47 l/s Pressure (operational): 568.59 m. Zeytinköy well: Flow: 13 l/s Elevation: 430 m Well numbered 20/3063: Flow: 50 l/s Elevation: 478 m. Lowest elevation of the project area in the existing map= 392 m Highest elevation of the project area in the existing map = 700 m

The project was designed for 8 pressure levels. All existing storage facilities and pipelines were ignored and the entire system was redesigned to have 4 storage tanks, 3 pumping stations and 4 pressure adjusting vanes. Finally Sedes Project is constructed, completed as above items with 8 main drinking water network lines. 3.1.4. Final Feasibility Report of Denizli Water Supply System Rehabilitation Project In accordance with the agreement signed on 7.3.2005 by Kaya-SNS joint venture, “Denizli Water Supply System Rehabilitation Project Final Feasibility Report” was prepared. In this report, the purpose of the feasibility was determined “to evaluate the water supply and distribution system of Denizli Municipality, to isolate the demands for investments by pointing out the existing problems and bottlenecks in order to establish a system that will serve the needs till 2040, to conduct financial analysis of the investments, to determine the bases for water tariff fixation for providing sustainable operational conditions and to suggest the required institutional arrangements”. Major outcomes of the final feasibility report are summarized as:

 Evaluation of existing municipal water supply system  Determination of required investments and their economic analysis  Determination of demand on external support based on financial capacity of the municipality  Determination of demands for sustainable operational conditions in the system and bases for water tariff fixation  Time planning of the rehabilitation works and assessment of tender methods

In this report; Denizli Municipality was set to be the owner and the beneficiary of the project whereas Bank of Provinces, State Planning Agency and Undersecreteriat of Treasury were designated as the shareholders. Additional issues mentioned in the report are as follows:

In this report, the mean monthly domestic water consumption per household in the province of Denizli in 2004 was computed to be 9.3 m3 for a house. In other words, it corresponds to the amount of water consumed by a flat or a house with 3 or 4 inhabitants. This amount is billed as 6.98 YTL (3.93 EURO) and is about 0.92% of average gross income of a family. This rate is about 4% in the world and it is therefore thought that this value could be increased. Similarly, it was also stated in the report that per capita expenses comprising water supply, wastewater collection and treatment as well as solid waste management (Urban Infrastructure) was 37 YTL (21 EURO). Water budget of 2003 was also presented in the report. However this data is updated with 2008 values and is given in the Fig. 3.1. The shaded boxes in the figure represent water losses. Based on this water budget, “Infrastructural Loss Index” (ILI) that is defined as a simple ratio of the “Technical Indicators of Real Losses” (CARL) to the “Unavoidable Average Real Losses” (UARL) was calculated as 7.9. It must be noted that for properly constructed and operated systems, this ratio is close to “1”.

Denizli Municipality Water Supply System Rehabilitation and Sewer System Projects EMP 21 Population projections for the 2006-2040 periods (35 years) were made by using the methods of Bank of Provinces and United Nations. Both methods estimated a population value of about 961,000 in 2040. Assuming the average household size of 3.5, the gross amount of water consumption was estimated as 187 l/cap/day in 2003 and 180 l/cap/day in 2004. This value could rise up to 215 l/cap/day during the months in which consumption is maximum. The domestic water demand was evaluated based on these figures. Gökpınar Reservoir that is constructed and Akbaş Reservoir that is under planning by the State Hydraulic Works were proposed as potential sources to meet this demand. Within the scope of the investment demand evaluation process, a water supply rehabilitation system was introduced in the report and the following measures were proposed:

 Protection of Gökpınar Spring  Rehabilitation of transmission lines  Rehabilitation of pumping stations and storage tanks  Construction of a 1500 m3 storage tank  Rehabilitation of water supply network  Installation of flow and pressure measurement devices  Installation of SCADA system

Among the tasks mentioned above, the rehabilitation of the transmission lines, pumping stations and the storage tanks will be carried out by the municipality. To this end, only the renewal and replacement of the secondary water supply network is within the scope of this WB-funded project that this EMP is based on. The project area for the renewal of the secondary water supply network is presented in Fig. 3.2.

3.1.5. Prevailing Conditions

As mentioned in the project descriptions given above, there are three sources that water is abstracted from to supply the needs of Denizli: (i) Gökpınar Spring (ii) Derindere Spring (iii) Deep wells

Annual total amount of water abstracted from Derindere and Gökpınar Springs are given in Fig. 3.3 and Fig. 3.4. As seen from these figures, about 600 l/s and 125 l/s water is abstracted from Gökpınar and Derindere Springs, respectively. In addition, the total amount abstracted from the deep wells is about 445 l/s according to records dated 28.6 2007. As mentioned in the feasibility report Asbestos Cement (AC) pipes in the initial parts of the Derindere transmission line were changed to steel pipes 3 years ago in order to prevent a loss of about 20 l/s water. The old AC pipes were sent to the Izaydaş Hazardous landfill site. The municipality conducts certain works for the preservation of these resources. One of these preservation measures is fence installation particularly along the roadside of the reservoir in order to prevent accidents that might affect the Gökpınar Spring reservoir. Another opinion is rerouting the road. These are still debated and some precautions are expected to be taken in the short term.

Currently, water collected from these resources is disinfected via the chlorination unit located at the Gökpınar storage tank. This system is under operation for the last 10 years. Chlorine gas is used as the disinfectant. All health and safety precautions related to chlorine gas are taken by the Municipality inside the unit. Among these precautions, ventilation of the chlorine tank storage room via bottom

Denizli Municipality Water Supply System Rehabilitation and Sewer System Projects EMP 22 aspirators, emergency pool filled with sodium sulfide, emergency showers for hands, eyes and face as well as an alarm system equipped with light and noise alarms, are the important ones. The chlorine tank storage room is kept locked at all times and only authorized personnel with safety clearance could enter this room. 950 lt pressurized gas is being used at Gökpınar in one tank. Emergency measures are being taken. Chlorine containers and feeding equipment are located in a suitable fire- resistant building. Chlorination room is being aerated with ventilators that placed at the bottom of the building walls. Gas cylinders are stored above the ground, kept cool and secured from movement. Alarm system is installed. Existing 47 wells, pumps and small tanks have around total 2000lt liquid chlorine dosage system.

As to the implementation of the SCADA system, no solid progress has been made. However, “Report on Design Parameters and Criteria for Hydraulic Calculations” was prepared by UBM-SNS group in June 2007 for Denizli Municipality Water and Sewage Authority as a part of the consultancy services for water network rehabilitation, SCADA system design, tender documents preparation and construction supervision (DEN C2). The report ends with some brief information on environmental assessment, cost analysis and the administrative structure of the municipality. By year end of 2010, SCADA specifications and bid documents will be completed by UBM-SNS. SCADA system will help to minimize water losses by pressure adjustments, loss monitoring system with flowmeters, data transfer applications for comparison of water-meter based bills and flowrates. The project within this EMP work is a part of these activities. The information given above is not within the scope of this EMP and is provided here for completeness of the report. Currently, Denizli Municipality is focused on minimizing water losses.

Denizli Municipality Water Supply System Rehabilitation and Sewer System Projects EMP 23 AMOUNT OF WATER ENTERING THE DISTRUBITION SYSTEM

38,758,694 m3/yr 100%

Legal Consumption Water Losses

24,076,900 m3/yr 62.12% 14,681,793 m3/yr 37.88%

Metered Consumption Unmetered Cons. Commercial Losses Physical Losses

23,914,114 m3/yr 61.7% 162,000 m3/yr 0.42% 713,160 m3/yr 1.84% 13,968,633 m3/yr

Billed Unbilled Illegal Consumption Inaccurate metering etc. 705,408 m3/yr 22,162,221 m3/yr 1,751,893 m3/yr 4.52% 7,517 m3/yr 0.02% 1.82%

Water Revenue Water Revenue Losses

57.18% 42.82%

Figure 3.1 Water Budget as of year 2008

Denizli Municipality Water Supply System Rehabilitation and Sewer System Projects EMP 24 DERİNDERE SPRING 0.6 0.480 0.5 0.421 0.414 0.4 0.3520.343 0.316 0.328 /sn) 3 0.3 0.249 0.205 0.186 0.183 Q(m 0.2 0.112 0.097 0.1 0.074 0.000 0.0

1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 2002 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

project and construction phase Time (year)

Figure 3.3 Total amount of water abstracted from Derindere Spring (Reference Project: Derindere Spring Construction)

GÖKPINAR SPRING 1.4 1.165 1.2 1.044 1.0 0.8980.900 0.788 0.772 0.770 0.8

/sn) 0.664 0.703 3 0.633 0.660 0.655 0.600 0.580 0.6 0.470 0.554 Q(m 0.361 0.4

0.2 0.000 0.0

1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1999 2000 2002 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

project and construction phaseTime (year)

Figure 3.4 Total amount of water abstracted from Gökpınar Spring (Reference Project: Derindere Spring Construction)

Denizli Municipality Water Supply System Rehabilitation and Sewer System Projects EMP 25 Item No Pipe Diameter Length Water Supply System (mm) Ductile Iron (m) Rehabilitation Ø100 115,928 Ø150 100,000 Ø200 4,180 Ø250 2,922 Ø300 1,002 Ø350 499 Ø400 242 Ø500 737 Ø600 450 Ø900 1,736 Ø1000 3,926 WSP-1 TOTAL 115,928 Length Customer Connection (m) Pipe Diameter (mm) PE 32, PN10 Ø25 23,420 Ø32 17,565 Ø40 17,565 TOTAL 58,549 Ø100 Fire Hydrant 39 no’s (Supply & Installation)

Table 3.7 Length and Diameters of Water Supply System Planned to be Constructed in Short Term (2011-2013) by Additional Finance Credit (Ref: Final Feasibility Report Jan 2010, (Annex 4-6, Table3,4)

3.2. SEWER SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION PROJECT

Several sewerage projects have been prepared and certain investments (infrastructures) have been completed since 1986. The major one, “Denizli Sewer System Implementation Project” was prepared by Tempo Engineering and Consulting Inc. and approved by the İller Bankasi in 9.10.1986. According to this project, two main collectors were designed: 1600 mm diameter Ellez Creek Collector and 600 mm diameter Bağırsak Creek Collector. Total length of the sewer line is 1100 km (with diameters ranging from 200 mm to 1600 mm). Of these lines, 108 km is already completed (all lines having diameters 400 mm and above; and some parts of 200 mm and 300 mm diameter lines).

Denizli Municipality Water Supply System Rehabilitation and Sewer System Projects EMP 26

Later “Denizli Bağırsak Creek Basin Sewer System Implementation Project” was prepared by Bank of Provinces and was approved in May 2001. This project covers the settlements (at southeastern parts of the city) located in the catchment area of the Gökpınar Reservoir, which is designated as the drinking water source of the city. Since the objective of the project was to protect the entire catchment area of the Gökpınar Reservoir, the project area has been taken to be larger than it needs to be and thus not only the eastern parts of Denizli (Center) but also Tekkekoy (Gökpınar), Bagbasi, Kinikli and Kayhan districts were included in the project’s service area. According to Bağırsak Creek project (approved in 2001), a total of 440.73 km pipeline will be constructed (370.772 km pipeline in the first phase, 67.614 km in the second phase and 2.344 km in the third phase).

In addition to the projects approved in 1986 and 2001, a new project (Bağırsak Creek and Bozburun District Sewer System Implementation Project) was prepared to cover new settlements without sufficient infrastructure as a result of the expansion of municipality borders (Resolution on the “Determination of the Border” published in the Official Gazette dated 12 August 2006). Within the scope of construction works conducted by KAYA Consulting and Engineering Inc., areas with suitable elevation and location were connected to the existing sewer network. Meanwhile, Denizli Municipality has modified the Bağırsak Creek collector in order to protect the environment and connected parts of this line with suitable elevation to the 1600 mm diameter Ellez Collector. Thus, wastewaters that were previously discharged to the environment without treatment are now transferred to existing Eskihisar Wastewater Treatment Plant. Those configurations are delineated in Fig 3.5 schematically.

Asagi Samlı WWTP Bağırsak Creek (intermittent creek)

(217 liters/second) 421 liters/second Eskihisar WWTP

Ellez Creek (60 liters/second) Temporary

connection

Collector Existing

Area where the Bağırsak Planned works will be done Ellez Collector by WB credit

Figure 3.5 Schematic representations (main collectors) of wastewater system in Denizli

Denizli Municipality Water Supply System Rehabilitation and Sewer System Projects EMP 27 Planned and completed pipe investments of Denizli Sewer System are summarized in Table 3.1. In addition to the numbers given in the Table 3.1 the city has a total of 360.5 km pipeline, which were constructed by the municipality and the public.

As can be seen from the Figure 3.5 limited amount of raw wastewater from the downstream of the Bağırsak collector is being discharged to the receiving media (creeks). The use of raw wastewater in the creeks in agricultural fields is vague (unsure), and in fact illegal. However, regarding the project area that will be rehabilitated by WB credit, no wastewater is discharged to the receiving water without treatment because the wastewater is conveyed to the Eskihisar wastewater treatment plant - WWTP (see Fig 3.5).

In the Denizli Sewer System Implementation Project approved in 1986, construction of a wastewater treatment plant-WWTP at Eskihisar neighborhood was proposed to treat the collected wastewaters of the city of Denizli. Within this scope, a 16 ha area was expropriated near the village of Eskihisar. Eskihisar (Central) WWTP was designed to be constructed in two phases aiming to serve the population in 2005 and 2025. Wastewater is transferred to the plant via the 1600 mm diameter Ellez Creek Collector. Construction of the plant, which was designed for the population estimates of the year 2005 has been completed in March 2007 and the plant is currently operational. It comprises of mechanically cleaned bar racks, aerated grit chambers, primary sedimentation, mechanically (surface) aerated activated sludge units, and final sedimentation tanks. Sludge generated from the process is thickened by gravity thickeners and stabilized by anaerobic digesters. The same units will be duplicated as the second phase, when the inflow increase and reach the ultimate capacity in coming years (most likely at 2025). Treated wastewater is planned to be used for irrigation purposes. Thus, the treated wastewater is discharged (via 2.5 km collector) to the State Hydraulic Works Left Bank Irrigation Canal. Table 3.1 Planned and completed investments within the scope of Denizli Sewer System Projects approved in 1986 and 2001. Denizli (Center) Sewer Denizli (Center) Bağırsak Creek Basin System Implementation Sewer System Implementation Project Pipe Completed Project (Planned) (Planned) Diameter Pipeline (approved in 1986) (approved in 2001) (mm) Length (m) st nd st 1 phase 2 phase 1 phase 2nd phase 3rd phase (m) (m) (m) (m) (m) Ø 200 50300 519000 173000 336567 67558 1304 Ø 300 20300 225000 75000 17653 56 772 Ø 400 8000 3268 220 Ø 500 2600 3692 48 Ø 600 15600 2503 Ø 800 3900 558* Ø 900 4237 Ø 1000 663 789* Ø 1200 5742* Ø 1600 2400 Subtotal (m) 108000 744000 248000 370772 67614 2344 Total (m) 108000 992000 440730

* Completed

Denizli Municipality Water Supply System Rehabilitation and Sewer System Projects EMP 28

Besides the Eskihisar WWTP, wastewaters being collected in the Bağırsak Creek Basin was planned to be transferred to a treatment plant that was proposed to be constructed in Gökpınar Creek Valley. However, route of the collector line had to be changed in order to collect the wastewaters originating from Bozburun Industrial zone and Bozburun village and the treatment plant was decided to be constructed in Aşagi Şamlı region. This new treatment plant was also planned with a stepwise construction (for two design periods) that would serve the needs of the population in years 2020 and 2035. The capacity of the first phase was planned to be 100,000 inhabitants (638 l/s) and the ultimate capacity was designed to be 170,000 (1031 l/s). The plant is designed to operate on a classical activated sludge principle and wastewaters would be transferred to the plant via 1200 mm diameter Bağırsak collector. A connection will be made from Eskihisar WWTP to Aşağı Şamlı WWTP in order to facilitate bypass Eskihisar WWTP when it is needed (see Fig.3.5).

Item No Pipe Diameter Length (m) Sewerage System (mm) Sealed Rehabilitation Precast Concrete Pipeline Ø200 79,315 Ø300 15,617 Ø400 4,696 WP-1 Ø500 97 Ø600 1,562 TOTAL 101,287

Table 3.8 Length and Diameters of Sewerage System Planned to be Constructed in Short Term (2011-2013) by Additional Finance Credit (Ref: Final Feasibility Report Jan 2010, (Annex 4-10, Table 8)

3. STORMWATER DRAINAGE SYSTEM

A moderately old storm water drainage system made of reinforced concrete exists in Denizli that serves a limited area within the city. Location and characteristics of these systems are presented in Table 3.2. Since the existing system is insufficient, a new storm water drainage system has been designed for the area shown in Fig. 1.1. The design has been prepared by Kaynak Engineering Inc. in 2008. The collectors of this system are planned to be Ø400, Ø500, Ø600, Ø800 and Ø1000 mm in diameter and are designed according to the technical guidelines of the Bank of Provinces. The pipe material will be HDPE. The project design specifies that these pipes should be constructed by the elastic materials that would comply with the standards set in the “Pipeline Infrastructure Disaster Regulation” (published in the Official Gazette dated 15.02.2007 and numbered 26435) so that the pipeline would react elastically to any ground movement, would be repaired quickly and easily, would be elastic in manhole connections, would not be influenced by ground subsidence and would be of non-corrosive material. The meteorological data used in the project is obtained from the Denizli District Denizli Municipality Water Supply System Rehabilitation and Sewer System Projects EMP 29 of State Meteorological Organization. The precipitation data is used in order to illustrate the intensity - duration –occurrence curves from which design flow is computed. According to the project, a total of 31,439 m storm water drainage pipeline will be laid in Denizli (Center). The general view of the stormwater drainage project is given in Fig. 3.7.

As far as the construction is concerned, stormwater drainage system is not different from wastewater collection system. This similarity is also valid in the operational phase of both systems.

Table 3.2 Location and characteristics of existing stormwater drainage system of Denizli

Pipe Diameter (mm) Total Location Ø 400 Ø 600 Ø 800 Ø 1000 Ø 2000 Length (m) İnönü-Hürriyet 314 395 1223 1932 Ulus Road 1558 1558 Atatürk Road 918 918 Emek Road 370 370 Yusuf Batur 909 470 1046 2425 Merkez Efendi 1350 1350 29 Ekim Blv. 1650 1650 Sümer Road 660 660 Total 2804 1313 5177 10863

Item No Pipe Diameter Length (m) Stormwater Drainage (mm) Sealed System Precast Concrete Ø300 3,285 Ø400 2,628 Ø500 2,135 Ø600 2,628 Ø800 2,628 SP-1 Ø1000 1,971 Ø1200 328 Ø1400 411 Ø1600 411 TOTAL 16,423

Table 3.9 Length and Diameters of Stormwater Drainage System Planned to be Constructed in Short Term (2011-2013) by Additional Finance Credit (Ref: Final Feasibility Report Jan 2010, (Annex 4-13, Table 12)

Denizli Municipality Water Supply System Rehabilitation and Sewer System Projects EMP 30 4. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

4.1. IMPACT MITIGATION PLAN

The environmental impacts and the associated mitigation measures related to the renewal of pipes of the secondary water supply network and the sewerage system as well as the construction of stormwater drainage network for the area shown in Fig. 1.1, are presented in this section of the report. Here it should be noted that the service characteristics of the three investments are different from each other, however, their construction reflects significant similarities, i.e., excavation, pipe replacement and backfilling. Therefore “impact mitigations” and “monitoring” plans of the three projects are given in two different tables (Table 4.1. and 4.2.).

The construction and operational phases of the project will have some environmental impacts. Construction works including excavation (manual/machinery), base preparation of canal trenches, pipe replacement, backfill (trench fills for pipelines), construction of manholes asphalting and paving activities are expected to create various environmental impacts including dust formation, noise pollution, traffic problems as well as problems with public health and occupational safety and waste (including hazardous material) disposal. The potential environmental impacts of these tasks during construction and operation phases are presented in Table 4.1. A schematic summary of the table is given in Fig. 4.1a and Fig. 4.1b. Detailed descriptions of these issues are presented in the table. When this table is created, first environmental impacts are determined with regards to particular tasks to be completed. Then, possible mitigation measures are determined and included in the table. This table also includes the costs of these mitigation measures as well as the related organization/institution that would be responsible from the mitigation action.

Similarly, possible environmental impacts arising in the operation phase of the project are also summarized in Table 4.1.b.

Major impacts of construction phase mainly comprise of noise pollution, waste disposal, dust formation and air pollution, traffic problem, aesthetic impacts, problems with public health and occupational safety, and particularly for sewerage, gas emissions (hydrogen sulfide formed as a result of the development of anaerobic conditions).. Mitigation measures to minimize/prevent these impacts are also proposed in the same table. Moreover, responsible institutions/organizations are defined and the cost of prevention measures is presented.

In addition to these impacts and mitigation actions, the contractor company should, at the beginning, prepare a “waste management plan” and a “pollution prevention plan” in which, disposal methods for wastes are described prior to starting to work. In this context, priority should be given to the re-use of excavation material within the construction site (such as backfill material). Before construction starts, related institutions and organizations (Municipality, Electricity Distribution Company-AYDEM, if available Natural Gas Distribution and Operation Company (KENTGAZ) , Telephone, communication, TELEKOM) should be informed. During construction and operation, when needed, water supply cut offs should preferably be applied between 12 pm-06 am when public would be influenced the least. Public should be informed 24 hours in advance prior to water cut off.

Denizli Municipality Water Supply System Rehabilitation and Sewer System Projects EMP 31 4.2. MONITORING PLAN

In this section of the report, a “Monitoring Plan” for the project was created, which would give responsibility to various organizations/institutions for evaluating the effectiveness of the mitigation measures discussed in the previous section during construction and operational phases of the project. The details of this plan are presented in Table 4.2.

One of the environmental problems experienced in Turkey is illegal dumping. Many times, the trucker could dump its load to a closer location than he is supposed to carry. Hence, weighing the dump material both at the construction site and at the dump site is introduced in the monitoring plan as a mitigation action for illegal dumping. Although this issue might seem odd and not directly related to environmental management, it is deemed to be the only way to prevent illegal dumping of construction waste.

The monitoring plan activities will be conducted in direct coordination with the “Public Relations Unit- PRU” to be formed by the contractor such that monitoring might need to be modified according to the complains of the general public.

Denizli Municipality Water Supply System Rehabilitation and Sewer System Projects EMP 32 Waste Disposal Excavation waste

Pipe waste (except AC pipes)

Asbestos Cement (AC) Pipes

Hazardous waste (oil, battery, accumulator, etc.)

Solid Wastes CONSTRUCTION Domestic wastewater

Dust Formation & Air Excavation Pollution Trench filling Paving and asphalting

Transportation

Noise Excavation Pipe replacement

Trench filling Paving and asphalting

Transportation

Traffic Influence of construction activities on local traffic

Partial or complete road blockage due to construction activities

Destruction of Excavation Archeological Artifacts

Public Health & Excavation Occupational Safety Pipe replacement

Trench filling

Paving and asphalting

Transportation

Aesthetic Impacts Excavation Pipe replacement

Trench filling Paving and asphalting

Destruction of green spaces

Pre-Operational Pipe placement / replacement Hygiene Installation

Figure 4.1a. Potential impacts and issues considered in the mitigation plan for construction stage

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Waste Disposal Waste material from maintenance works

Waste from sewer cleaning

Hazardous materials OPERATION

Noise From pumping stations

Accumulation within sewer line & overflow from Clogging of Sewer Lines manhole

Public Health & From chlorination facilities Occupational Safety From pumping stations

From sewer cleaning

Operational Hygiene Disinfection

Figure 4.1b. Potential impacts and issues considered in the mitigation plan for operation stage

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Table 4.1. Impact Mitigation Plan

Cost of mitigation Institutional Phase Impact Issue Mitigation measures a b measures responsibility Excavation waste Excavation material will be piled next to the trench until they are reused as backfilling. This material will not be stored next to the trench for more than one week. The remaining waste excavation material will be kept in temporary storage containers. Temporary storage containers will be yellow colored and type of the waste materials will be indicated on the containers. Domestic and hazardous wastes will not be disposed in these temporary containers. Containers filled with waste will be collected and transported to storage or recycling facilities by municipality or authorized companies. All containers have damper cover that prevents runoff during rainy seasons. In Denizli, municipal implementation about waste management is quite improved. There is a licensed landfill, licenced waste recovery firms with Included in their special waste bags. Contractor construction costs. According to the Regulation on “Controlling of Excavation Soil, Waste Construction and Debris Waste” asphalt and concrete waste will be disposal transferred to Kumkısık landfill site.

Construction Sand and pebble will be reused in the construction or will be transferred to

the area provided by the municipality.

Pipe waste (except AC The portion of waste pipes originating from the replacement of old pipes in pipes) the system which could not be reused and/or recycled (such as selling various old pipes, vanes and fittings to scrap dealers) will be disposed in the Kumkisik landfill site. These would be stored in temporary storage containers until transferred from the construction site.

Asbestos Cement (AC) All waste AC pipe components will be wrapped in sheeting, secured with Pipes tape, and labeled prior to disposal. Prepackaged and labeled asbestos Included in Contractor waste items will then be transported in containers or truckbeds to the construction costs. İZAYDAŞ Hazardous Waste Landfill Site. The transportation will be

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Table 4.1. Impact Mitigation Plan

Cost of mitigation Institutional Phase Impact Issue Mitigation measures a b measures responsibility provided by licensed companies (vehicles). Workers dealing with these wastes will use protective masks.

Asbestos Cement Precautions related to the workers are presented in details in the following Included in Contractor Pipes-AC pipes (contd.) sections under the heading “Public Health and Occupational Safety. construction costs.

Hazardous waste Waste oils originating from machinery and vehicles will be stored in (waste oil from impervious tanks and containers that would be situated on impervious vehicles, batteries and foundation in accordance with the “Regulation on Control of Waste Oils”. accumulators, Tanks and containers will be equipped with apparatus that would prevent antifreeze and other over filling and will be filled till the designated level mark. Tanks and chemical substances) containers will have a red color and must be labeled as “waste oil”. All actions will be taken by the waste oil generator (Contractor) from classification to disposal for handling by licensed transporters with National Waste Transportation Form. Contracts will be signed with

Licensed Waste Oil Recovery Facilities.regarding category of waste oils Waste (I,II,III) disposal Used batteries from construction site and accumulators from vehicles will struction (contd.) Included in be disposed in compliance with the consumer responsibilities specified in Contractor

Con construction costs. Article 13 of the "Regulation on Control of Used Batteries and Accumulators". Accordingly, used batteries will be collected separately (from municipal wastes) and transferred to the designated collection sites of the Union of Transportable Battery Manufacturers (TAP).

All other hazardous materials will disposed in accordance with the Turkish Regulation numbered 22387 dated 14 March 2005 in Official Gazette “Regulation on Control of Hazardous Wastes“. In this context, the characteristics of waste generated will first be determined by accredited laboratories. (Accreditation bodies are TÜRKAK (Turkish Accreditation Agency) (regarding ISO standards) and Ministry of Environment and Forrest) (legal accreditation) If waste is defined to be as hazardous

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Table 4.1. Impact Mitigation Plan

Cost of mitigation Institutional Phase Impact Issue Mitigation measures a b measures responsibility material, records will be kept and waste will later be transferred to licensed waste recycling or disposal facilities by proper packaging and labeling procedures that complies with this regulation.

Hazardous waste Hazardous wastes will be stored at the construction site away from (contd.) buildings in impermeable and safe containers placed on concrete ground that are produced according to regulation. These containers will be labeled “Hazardous Material”. Those wastes will be transported by contractors licensed to handle these materials. Finally, wastes will be sent to IZAYDAS Hazardous Waste Landfill Site to be disposed at the special area reserved for hazardous wastes.

Solid wastes (from Solid waste in construction site will be collected and stored in containers Waste construction site staff) and will be transported daily by the Municipality to the Kumkisik landfill site disposal located at Kumkisik district. (contd.) Domestic wastewater Wastewater in construction site will be properly collected. In this scope, if (from construction site possible, connection to the existing sewer system via a manhole will be Included in staff) provided. If not, wastewater will be collected in constructed impervious Contractor construction costs. septic tanks in or next to the construction site. The tanks will be emptied Construction by sewage trucks when it is filled and will either be disposed to the sewer system from a point determined by the Municipality or will directly be transferred to the inlet of the municipal wastewater treatment plant. During canal excavation in highly populated areas, portable toilets will be supplied for the workers.

Excavation The top layers of the excavated material will be wetted to prevent dust Dust formation (especially in dry and windy weathers). formation Trench filling Included in Contractor and air Protection barriers will be used in construction sites depending on wind construction costs. pollution Paving and asphalting conditions.

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Table 4.1. Impact Mitigation Plan

Cost of mitigation Institutional Phase Impact Issue Mitigation measures a b measures responsibility Transportation Trucks, carrying excavated material, will be covered and their bodies be controlled against spill, scatter etc. In case of scattering to road surfaces, the surface will be cleaned as soon as possible.

The transportation route for the excavation material will be determined carefully such that densely populated areas are avoided. Moreover, these roads will be rehabilitated.

In dry weathers, roads with heavy traffic will be wetted (sprayed) 3 times a day where as all other project related roads are wetted once a day.

Routine control and maintenance of vehicles used in transportation activities will be conducted regularly (daily and periodically). Daily

Dust maintenance will be carried out in each shift; and working time of each formation vehicle will be registered by the operator in order to follow the total Included in and air Contractor working hours for periodic maintenances. Periodic maintenances will be construction costs. pollution conducted at every 50, 250, 500, 1000, 2000 working hours. Maintenance Construction (contd.) forms will be filled regularly.

All vehicles used in transportation activities will be issued an emission control stamp which is renewed every year by measuring the emissions from the exhausts.

Speed limits must be strictly obeyed for all vehicles used in transportation activities. On roads with bad surfaces, a speed limit of 30 km/hour will be followed.

Excavation

Principles given in the Turkish Regulation numbered 25862 and dated

ion Noise Pipe placement / 01.07.2005 in Official Gazette “Assessment and Management of Included in Contractor

Construct replacement Environmental Noise” will be followed. According to this regulation noise construction costs.

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Table 4.1. Impact Mitigation Plan

Cost of mitigation Institutional Phase Impact Issue Mitigation measures a b measures responsibility levels of operation machines at construction site will not exceed the limit

Trench filling LCmax: 100 dBC. To achieve these levels, silencer devices will be mounted to all vehicles and equipments. Paving and Asphalting Routine maintenance of all vehicles and equipments used for excavation, Transportation construction, pipe installation and asphalting will be done regularly. For the maintenance of transportation vehicles (e.g trucks) the “distance” is the key factor for maintenance scheduling. For the purposes of this EMP, this distance is proposed as 5000 km. Additionally 100 hr working time is suggested for work vehicles such as excavator, forklift.

Construction works will be performed between 07:00 - 19:00 hours. Unless absolutely necessary, no construction activities will be done at night. In case night operations are deemed necessary and the noise levels would be high, public will be informed 1 week in advance.

Influence of Before construction starts, public will be informed about the details of work construction activities (route of the blocking roads & duration, diversion of traffic etc.) on local traffic Contractor / Traffic The traffic department will work in coordination with the Municipality and No cost Municipality Partial or complete road the Contractor. When road blocking are necessary, official permits will be blockage due to obtained from Provincial Directorate of Traffic and the route & duration of construction activities blockage will be determined.

Necessary signboards and warning lights will be provided when the city

roads are blocked and will not be removed until work is finished.

Traffic Alternative routes will be determined and transportation will be (contd.) programmed according to intensity of traffic.

Construction Asphalt will be provided from the plant which has a valid operating permit.

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Table 4.1. Impact Mitigation Plan

Cost of mitigation Institutional Phase Impact Issue Mitigation measures a b measures responsibility Excavation Before construction works start, Ministry of Culture and Tourism will be

Destruction informed about the excavation site and trench depths in case there might of the be archaeological artifacts in the project area. Contractor / No cost archaeologic Municipality al artifacts If archaeological artifacts unearth accidentally during the construction works, responsible authority will be informed immediately. Excavation will be stopped until the permits from the related authority are taken.

Excavation Entrance of public (especially children) to the construction site will be prevented using warning signs & lights, plastic bands and barriers etc. Pipe placement / replacement Trenches and other excavation sites on unstable materials will be sheeted (eg. Propped sheet pile wall) and braced to prevent caving or collapse of Trench filling the side walls (sheeting is the term applied to the planks in actual contact Public health with the trench sides. Braces are crosspieces extending from one side to & Included in Paving and Asphalting the other). Contractor Occupational construction costs.

safety Transportation Technical controllers will be present at site during construction. It will be the duty of the controller to ensure that all protective measures against accidents comply with the provisions specified in the Regulations.

Inlet structures of stormwater drainage system should be fixed enough to prevent damaging and stealing.

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Table 4.1. Impact Mitigation Plan

Cost of mitigation Institutional Phase Impact Issue Mitigation measures a b measures responsibility Passageways will be provided for pedestrians. Platforms will be used for entry/exit to buildings and shops and these platforms will not be less than 60 cm wide. These platforms will be equipped with chains, plastic bands or wooden barriers on the sides and will be illuminated when necessary.

No excavation will be made during rainy days. Construction will continue with necessary precautions against slipping events (cleaning of wet surfaces and laying anti-slip materials) after rain ceases.

In the excavations made by excavators, bulldozers and similar machines, no one will be present within the movement area of these machines, and

Public health only authorized personnel will operate these machines. & Included in Occupational Contractor The related regulations of Labor Law numbered 4857 such as “Regulation construction costs. safety on Occupational Health and Safety”, “Regulation on Noise”, “Regulation Construction (contd.) on Health and Safety at Construction Works” and “Regulation on Using of Personal Protective Equipments at Work Places” will be followed.

These regulations comprise measures that will be taken and protective equipments such as respiratory masks, disposable coveralls and gloves, safety footwear. It will be the duty of the employer to ensure that, where applicable, all personal protective equipment should comply with the provisions specified in the Regulations and will be available. Workers and staff will be required personal protective wear including protective cloths and hard hats.

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Table 4.1. Impact Mitigation Plan

Cost of mitigation Institutional Phase Impact Issue Mitigation measures a b measures responsibility Access to the asbestos area will be restricted using barricades and warning signs will be posted. AC pipes will be wetted to reduce dust. Adequate water will be used during cutting of the AC pipes to control fibers, dust, etc. Workers will use respirators (not just dust masks) and full Public health body coverings. & Included in Occupational Contractor All waste AC pipe components will be wrapped in sheeting, secured with construction costs. safety tape, and labeled prior to disposal. Prepackaged and labeled asbestos (contd.) waste items will be transported by contractors having license to handle these materials. Afterwards, they will be deposited in the IZAYDAS Hazardous Waste Landfill Site for final disposal.

Excavation Barriers will be used in order to prevent visual annoyance during the construction works. Placement of barriers and separators around the Pipe placement / construction site may provide mitigation to aesthetic pollution. In this replacement context, city pictures could be printed on these barriers and separators. Construction

Aesthetic Trench filling Construction material should be stored in protected and covered spaces. Included in Contractor impacts construction costs Paving and Asphalting All roads, pavements, walls etc that are deformed during construction activities will be rehabilitated to their original status. Destruction of green spaces Similarly, destructed green spaces will be replanted and uprooted trees will be implanted at different sites by cooperating with relevant institutions.

Pipe placement / Pipes, valves, fittings, fire hoses etc. will be cleaned and disinfected prior Pre- replacement to operation. Included in Contractor operational construction costs. Consultant hygiene Installation Ends of placed pipe will be closed to prevent pollution.

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Table 4.1. Impact Mitigation Plan

Cost of mitigation Institutional Phase Impact Issue Mitigation measures a b measures responsibility Waste material from Recycling possibilities will be evaluated and remaining waste materials will maintenance works be sent to Kumkisik landfill site.

Waste from sewer Material from canal cleaning will be stored at a site designated by the cleaning municipality after all hygienic precautions are taken.

Hazardous material All hazardous wastes will be disposed in accordance with the Turkish (paint, batteries, Regulation numbered 22387 dated 14 March 2005 in Official Gazette accumulators, waste oil “Regulation on Control of Hazardous Wastes“. In this context, the etc.) characteristics of waste generated will first be determined by accredited laboratories. If waste is defined to be as hazardous material, records will be kept and waste will later be transferred to licensed waste recycling or disposal facilities proper packaging and labeling procedures that complies with this regulation.

In this scope, hazardous waste (paint, waste oil etc.) will be stored Waste Included in temporarily in an area thought fit by the municipality. Waste oils will be Municipality disposal operational costs. stored in leak-proof tanks and containers located on impervious ground in

Operation accordance with the “Regulation on Control of Waste Oils”. Liquid level measuring device (transparent tube) will be mounted to the outside of the tanks and containers to prevent overfilling Tanks and containers will have red color and be labeled as “waste oil”. After the temporary storage those wastes will sent to IZAYDAS Hazardous Waste Landfill site in containers or truckbeds by contractors having license to transport these wastes.

Used batteries and accumulators will be collected separately and disposed in compliance with the consumer responsibilities specified in Article 13 of the “Regulation on Control of Used Batteries and Accumulators”. Accordingly, used batteries will be collected by licensed contractors separately (from municipal wastes) and transferred to TAP (The Portable Battery Producers and Importers Association) collection sites.

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Table 4.1. Impact Mitigation Plan

Cost of mitigation Institutional Phase Impact Issue Mitigation measures a b measures responsibility From pumping stations The noise level at 100 m from pumping stations will not exceed 60 dBA. To this end, noise insulation will be provided at pumping stations. This could be achieved by installing insulation materials in the inner walls of the stations or noisy pumps could be placed in acoustic cabins.

Included in Municipality Noise All mechanical equipments that generate noise will be maintained operational costs. monthly. The oil levels, silencers, etc. will be controlled and renewed quarterly.

Trees could be planted in the vicinity of pumping stations to provide a natural noise barrier in long term.

Accumulation within Clogging of Sewer cleanings and anti-clogging equipments and teams will be kept Included in sewer line and overflow Municipality sewer lines ready at all times. operational costs. from manholes

Operation From chlorination Chlorine containers and feeding equipment will be located in a suitable facilities fire-resistant building. Chlorination room will be well aerated. Since chlorine gas is heavier than air, ventilators will be placed at the bottom of the building walls. Gas cylinders will be stored above the ground, kept Public health cool and secured from movement. The room will be kept locked. "Danger & Chlorine" signs will be posted on the walls. A bottle of ammonium Included in Municipality Occupational hydroxide solution will be available for detecting chlorine leaks. operational costs. safety Appropriate protective equipments (masks, showers, etc.) will be provided in the room to be used in case of accidents. A pool (to be filled with sodium sulfide) for submerging the gas tubes in case of leakage will be provided. Staff responsible from chlorination will be trained and will be made to wear protective masks and gloves.

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Table 4.1. Impact Mitigation Plan

Cost of mitigation Institutional Phase Impact Issue Mitigation measures a b measures responsibility From pumping stations Warning signs will be provided at facilities having mechanical and electrical equipments.

These facilities will be protected by safety fences.

From sewer cleaning During sewer cleaning, protective measures will be taken against methane

(CH4) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gas. To this end, portable CH4 and H2S

measurement devices will be provided to detect CH4 and H2S levels in the Public health manhole before cleaning. & Included in Occupational In case of wastewater seepage to the surface from the sewerage lines, Municipality operational costs. safety the accumulated wastewater will first be retained, then disinfected by lime

(contd.) or some other disinfectant and finally be collected by an adsorbent or other solidifying material before ultimately disposed at a suitable location shown by the municipality.

Operation Staff will be trained about safety and hygiene.

Inlet structures will be fixed such that they could not be removed easily by public and will continuously be controlled to prevent accidents (fallings etc). Missing inlets will be replaced as soon as possible.

Disinfection Storage tanks and other facilities that are in direct contact with water will regularly be cleaned and disinfected by using a mixture of detergent, Operational sodium hypochlorite and water. All internal surfaces of the tanks will be Included in Municipality hygiene cleaned. Special care will be taken to clean corners and joints such that operational costs no cleaning liquid will remain.

a Cost of minimizing the impact b Responsible institution

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Table 4.2. Monitoring Plan

When What Where How will the parameter be Cost of Phase parameter will be will the parameter be will the parameter be monitored/ type of Responsibility monitored-frequency of Monitoring monitored? monitored? monitoring equipment? measurement or continuous?

Excavation site Site observation (visual inspection): Control of the amount of temporary excavation The amount (volume) Temporary storage material by counting the number filled of excavation / containers storage containers and their levels. During construction phase construction material No cost Contractor Final disposal site The amount of the material transferred to on a daily basis piled in the the final disposal site will be controlled by construction site checking the volumes and/or weights of the trucks carrying these wastes. These data will be recorded for review.

Excavation Site Site observation (visual inspection):

1. Control of the true placement of the pipe waste in associated containers; 2. Prediction of pipe waste by controlling the number and the level of temporary pipe Upon release of pipe waste Construction Pipe waste material waste storage containers. following construction No cost Contractor activities Kumkisik Landfill Site The amount of material coming to the Kumkisik Landfill will be determined by measuring the volume and/or weights of the trucks carrying these wastes. These data will be recorded for review.

Excavation Site Site observation (visual inspection): Control of proper labeling as described in the Upon release of AC pipe AC Pipes No cost Contractor mitigation plan. waste

Construction site Co nst ruc tion Hazardous waste Regular maintenance of the vehicles will be Continuously No cost Contractor recorded. Replaced accumulators, waste

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Table 4.2. Monitoring Plan

When What Where How will the parameter be Cost of Phase parameter will be will the parameter be will the parameter be monitored/ type of Responsibility monitored-frequency of Monitoring monitored? monitored? monitoring equipment? measurement or continuous?

Work site oils could be controlled from these records.

Visual inspection will be carried out in the site to identify any residual asbestos

Site observation:

1. Control of fluid levels in waste oil tanks 2. Control of proper disposal of the waste batteries and accumulators in correct disposal containers and control of the levels in these containers 3. Control of the levels in other hazardous waste disposal containers 4. Control of leakage from the containers and check if these are properly sited

Construction site Site observation (visual inspection):

Work site 1. Visual inspection of the collection containers for possible wear and cracks Solid wastes 2. Control of proper disposal of solid waste Continuously No cost Contractor such that they are not placed outside the designated containers. 3. Control of the levels of all containers and check if these are regularly emptied.

Construction site Co nst ruc tion Wastewater Site observation (visual inspection): Continuously No cost Contractor 1. Wastewater leaks;

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Table 4.2. Monitoring Plan

When What Where How will the parameter be Cost of Phase parameter will be will the parameter be will the parameter be monitored/ type of Responsibility monitored-frequency of Monitoring monitored? monitored? monitoring equipment? measurement or continuous?

Work site 2. In case of septic tank usage, by measuring water level in tank

Construction site Site observation (visual inspection): (neighboring areas that 1. Control of the surface cover of the are effected from the dumped material along the trench activity) 2. Control of the wetting of the dust During all project phases on causing material during windy weather a monthly basis Along the 3. Control of the correct locations of the Additional cost transportation route wind barriers During trench filling on a in case of 4. Control of the top covers of transport weekly basis portable trucks Dust formation and equipment Momentary monitoring in Contractor air pollution usage Speed control of the transportation trucks case of complaints via tachometers Windy weather Air quality monitoring for dust will be conducted visually and necessary spraying will be provided.

Control of “motor vehicle exhaust emission At the beginning of control stamp” No cost construction phase

Construction site Upon complaint

(neighboring areas that are effected from the Calibrated noise measurement device Noise activity) (sensitive to 30-130 dB) During all project phases on Additional cost Contractor a monthly basis in case of Construction Along the portable During intensive construction equipment works on a weekly basis usage Denizli Municipality Water Supply System Rehabilitation and Sewer System Projects EMP 48

Table 4.2. Monitoring Plan

When What Where How will the parameter be Cost of Phase parameter will be will the parameter be will the parameter be monitored/ type of Responsibility monitored-frequency of Monitoring monitored? monitored? monitoring equipment? measurement or continuous?

transportation route Momentary monitoring in case of complaints

Construction site Site observation (visual inspection): During the project phases Checking whether traffic jams occur due to Included in Along the construction activities Particularly during rush Traffic construction Contractor transportation route hours costs

Upon complaint

Construction site When any archaeological artifacts found, work will be stopped immediately, (Project Manager verbally noticed than written in two days, see contract article 1.24.9 ) and Archaeological No cost Contractor / experts from the Ministry of Culture and During the excavation works artifacts Tourism will be asked to visit the site to Municipality descripe measures and for supervison. (their examinations in the area will be facilitated by the contractor.)

Site observation (visual inspection): Is the construction site (materials creating Vicinity of the No cost Aesthetic issues aesthetic pollution) properly camouflaged During construction phase Contractor construction site via barriers? Are these aesthetically acceptable (clean and properly painted)?

Controlling the cleanness of pipe inner surface Upon completion of Pre-operation On laid pipes construction activities (prior No cost Contractor hygiene Controlling whether pipes are closed on to backfilling) both sides

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Table 4.2. Monitoring Plan

When What Where How will the parameter be Cost of Phase parameter will be will the parameter be will the parameter be monitored/ type of Responsibility monitored-frequency of Monitoring monitored? monitored? monitoring equipment? measurement or continuous?

Construction site Site observation (visual inspection): Visual inspection will be provided to secure the Work site public from accidents, or hazardous Daily No cost material exposure by controlling warning signs, barriers, etc.

Asbestos fiber measurement will be carried out in the work site (e.g. phase-contrast optical microscopy) to determine the employees’ exposure to airborne asbestos fibers during removal of the AC pipe.

Additional Exposure must be less than 0.1 fiber/cubic When AC pipes replacement measurement Public health & centimeter (cc) of air for an eight (8) hour is achieved. cost Contractor Occupational safety time-weighted average limit (TWA), and

less than 10 fiber/cc of air as averaged Construction over a sampling period of thirty (30) minutes

Medical assessments will be provided for the workers. These assessments include Hard and Hazardous Occupation Twice per year, some Medical Inspection Report for workers (at the medical assessment periods service costs beginning stage) , lung x-ray, hearing test, may vary. tetanus vaccine, porter inspection (for catering workers) etc.

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Table 4.2. Monitoring Plan

When What Where How will the parameter be Cost of Phase parameter will be will the parameter be will the parameter be monitored/ type of Responsibility monitored-frequency of Monitoring monitored? monitored? monitoring equipment? measurement or continuous?

Water sampling and analysis at laboratory At pumping stations or onsite monitoring with portable and storage tanks Included in Water quality: equipments Continuously operational Municipality residual chlorine Along water distribution costs

Operation Continuous monitoring will be possible network when SCADA system is installed.

Water quality is monitored based on the Regulation on Waters for Human Water quality Consumption (published in (physical and Official Gazette dated chemical parameters 17.02.2005 and numbered indicated in the 25730). Accordingly, National Water samples are collected from Pollution Control At water source each neighborhood , for 5 Regulation): free consecutive days a week chlorine, total and Water samples will be taken and analyzed Included in At water storage tanks and analyzed for free fecal coliform, color, according to the Standard Methods in the operational Municipality chlorine. Furthermore, turbidity, odor, taste, accredited laboratories costs

Operation Along water distribution routine monitoring of pH, conductivity, network microbiological parameters ammonium, (coliform, E-Coli) and insecticides, chemical parameters (color, herbicides, turbidity, odor, taste, pH, fungicides, heavy conductivity and ammonium) metals, organic and will be conducted once a toxic chemicals. week. Once a year, samples will be collected and analyzed for insecticides,

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Table 4.2. Monitoring Plan

When What Where How will the parameter be Cost of Phase parameter will be will the parameter be will the parameter be monitored/ type of Responsibility monitored-frequency of Monitoring monitored? monitored? monitoring equipment? measurement or continuous?

herbicides, fungicides, heavy metals, organic toxic chemicals in Izmir Regional Directorate of Hifzissihha Institute.

Periodically (preferably once Included in At water pumping Noise Noise measurement device every month) and in case of operational Municipality stations complaints costs

Chlorination room will be monitored by chlorine detector Continuously

Protective equipment and security conditions of the room (e.g. lock of the Weekly door, liquid level of the pool) will be

In project area Included in Public health & controlled. operational Municipality Occupational safety costs Visual inspection of the safety and warning

Operation signs in chlorination room and pumping Weekly stations.

Visual inspection of the manhole covers and storm water inlets. Monthly

Included in Automatic gas detection and related alarm Chlorine leakage Chlorine dosing room Continuously operational Municipality equipment for chlorine gas will used. costs

Clogging of sewer Between the manholes Clogging of sewer lines will be monitored 1-2 times per year Additional cost Municipality

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Table 4.2. Monitoring Plan

When What Where How will the parameter be Cost of Phase parameter will be will the parameter be will the parameter be monitored/ type of Responsibility monitored-frequency of Monitoring monitored? monitored? monitoring equipment? measurement or continuous?

lines by sewer inspection equipments (such as sewer remote control camera and TV). inspection equipments

(a) What would be the cost of monitoring equipment or the cost of contractor that would perform the monitoring for municipality?

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5. INSTITUTIONAL STRUCTURE

5.1. GENERAL

This section provides information concerning proposed institutional arrangements, authorities and responsibilities to minimize impacts depicted in the EMP during implementation of Water Supply System Rehabilitation and Sewer System Projects. Within this scope, existing administrative structure of Denizli Municipality was examined and the demand for re-arrangements in order to conduct the committed services was investigated.

5.2. EXISTING ADMINISTRATIVE (INSTITUTIONAL) STRUCTURE

In accordance with the Municipality Law (Article 14), Denizli Municipality is responsible for supply, storage and distribution of water to be used for domestic and industrial purposes as well as collection and treatment of wastewaters. Denizli Municipality is structured as departments called “directorates”. In this regard, Directorate of Water and Sewerage Works is the main department responsible from the proposed project works. This directorate is responsible from construction, operation and maintenance of water supply and distribution (water supply and treatment systems) as well as wastewater collection and treatment (sewer network and wastewater treatment plants) systems. The Directorate of Water and Sewerage Works is structured in the form of a number of sub-divisions including water system maintenance, sewer system maintenance, wastewater treatment plant operation, water subscription, project approval & licensing, bidding & controlling and WB project management. The most important problem in these units is the lack of staff. Thus, every staff of the directorate typically works for more than one division.

Directorate of Water and Sewerage Works has no separate budget and accountancy. Revenues are collected by the Directorate of Accounting and transferred to the general Municipal Budget. Water supply and sewer system services are then financed from this budget. Equipment service and material procurement for maintenance works are managed by the Directorate of Purchasing.

Denizli Municipality water and sewer services are executed by 85 personnel. 36 of which are permanent workers (14 in sewer works, 20 in water works and 2 in treatment plant); 37 of which are temporary workers (16 in water works, 2 in treatment plant and 3 in office work); 11 of which are officers and 1 of which is a contracted staff. A total of 6 engineers are employed within the Directorate of Water and Sewerage Works, of which 4 are civil engineers, 2 are environmental engineers and 1 is a mechanical engineer. The rest of staff is primary school graduates.

The works conducted by the Directorate of Water and Sewerage Works are recorded via daily and monthly reports. Divisions also prepare daily work reports about the tasks to be completed on a daily basis and submit to the Directorate of Water and Sewerage Works. After completion, an additional report is prepared concerning the final status of the completed works. Furthermore, Directorate of Water and Sewerage Works presents reports to the Major and to the Directorate of Public & Media Relations on monthly basis.

Denizli Municipality Water Supply System Rehabilitation and Sewer System Projects EMP 54

5.3. PROPOSED INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS IN THE SCOPE OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP)

The details on how responsibilities would be shared and who would perform the defined tasks (mitigation measures, monitoring plans, etc) during the execution of the EMP for successful implementation of the project were discussed separately for construction and operational phases in previous sections of the report.

Denizli Municipality is the owner of the “Water Supply System Rehabilitation and Sewer Systems Projects” and has direct and indirect responsibilities for the implementation of the EMP during operational and construction phases, respectively (see Table 4.1 and Table 4.2). In this context, the municipality should ensure that the EMP is added to the tender documents prepared for determining the contractor. Consequently, the interested contractors would be assured to propose a bid, which would include the costs associated with his responsibilities related to environmental management avoiding future problems that might occur in later phases of the project. In other words, the contractor could not claim that he was uninformed about works related to environmental protection as was seen in many other projects where the related EMP was not included in tender documents.

During the construction phase, It is proposed that a Health Safety and Environment-HSE officer is assigned by the Contractor to properly implement the EMP and to monitor the environmental impacts as suggested in this report. While HSE will, on one hand, implement EMP will, on the other hand, play a crucial role in providing the communication with the related institutions including the Municipality, the Ministry of Environment and Forestry and the Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) etc.

The second most important point for successful implementation of the EMP is the training of the personnel (engineers, technical staff and workers) that will work in the construction activities in order to raise their awareness in environmental issues. The contractor should inform and train its personnel about the environmental issues in general and about the requirements of the EMP in particular. To achieve this objective, the contractor could use its own resources or consult private companies or related departments of universities. The environmental training program should include the following points:

 Environmental impacts of the project and mitigation measures  Reporting principals and understanding its rules  Briefings on official laws and institutions related to the environmental dimensions of the projects  Training of the personnel about public and media relations  Training of the personnel about environmental accidents and interferences

The contractor is in charge of keeping all records related to the environmental training of its staff. Internal audits should be conducted to test the effectiveness and the adequacy of the training. The contractor is required to ensure that the personnel of its subcontractors would also take the environmental training and should consider this issue in its protocols with its subcontractors.

In addition to the technical issues mentioned above, the contractor should be involved in public awareness activities. In this context, the establishment of a Public Relations Unit (PRU) is strongly suggested. PRU would act as the responsible unit in hearing, documenting and acting accordingly with regards to the complaints related to the negative environmental impacts of the project. Thus, the contractor should prepare a complaint procedure such that all complains and proposals could be

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directed to the PRU. All records of complaints will be recorded by the PRU and will be directed to the relevant technical personnel in charge such that the required action and mitigating measures could be taken. Moreover, routine public hearings will be conducted by the PRU about the developments in the project. The municipality will also inform the public via its web site about the services provided within the scope of the project. The web site will also be designed interactively such that the complaints of the public could be sent online. The Municipality and the contractor will work in coordination in these aspects.

During construction phase, contractor will prepare monthly reports summarizing the EMP activities and monitoring plan results and submit to Denizli Municipality. In this context, the contractor will work, particularly for environmental monitoring works, with companies (Independent Monitoring Company – IMC) granted Laboratory Certificate of Proficiency or Laboratory Certificate of Preliminary Proficiency by Republic of Turkey Ministry of the Environment and Forestry.

Similarly, the municipality shall evaluate the monitoring reports presented by the contractor in accordance with the relevant environmental and municipality legislations and shall inform the Bank of Provinces. If requested, these reports will also be given to the Denizli Provincial Directorate of Environment and Forestry. In case of a warning from any institution regarding faulty implementation of the EMP, contractor will take necessary measures and will report the results back to Denizli Municipality.

Consequently, planned tasks of the construction phase will be shared by the contractor and the municipality in order to comply with the EMP and to achieve high environmental performance. Contractor is primarily responsible for training of key personnel & staff, preparation of Emergency Action Plan - EAP, corrective actions, internal auditing, reporting, handling of complaints and commissioning of IMC (if required). As owner of the project, municipality has responsibility to conduct relations with media in accordance with the general implementation rules of public investments. Besides, municipality should assist the contractor in preparing EAP and in internal auditing. IMC (if required) is responsible for environmental quality monitoring and training of key personnel.

During the operational phase of “Water Supply System Rehabilitation and Sewer Systems Projects”, a management team is to be formed by the municipality within its institutional structure both to follow the environmental performance of the projects regularly and to operate the facilities efficiently. Personnel among the operation team should be assigned by the municipality to follow the environmental issues.

The municipality will establish a PRU to evaluate the complaints and suggestions from the public during the operational phase. This unit will run the public relations. Furthermore, the inhabitants of Denizli will be informed about the water and wastewater services and water quality etc.. Additionally, Denizli Municipality will provide training of personnel (engineers, technical staff, workers etc.) about environmental impacts and monitoring.

If operation activity is contracted to a private company, these arrangements will be requested from the company in accordance with an agreement to be signed between the company and the municipality.

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6. PUBLIC AWARENESS MEETING

6.1 Minutes of Meeting

Date: 25.06.2010, 14.00 Place: Çatalçeşme Theatre, DENİZLİ

1. Question: Which districts will be included to the proposed project?

Answer : Karaman Mah. (complete), Merkez Efendi Mah. (partial), Akkonak Mah. (complete), Sırakapılar Mah. (complete), Muratdede Mah. (partial), Deliktaş Mah. (partial), Fatih Mah. (partial), Cumhuriyet Mah. (partial), İncilipınar Mah. (complete), Siteler Mah. (partial)

2. Question:

After some construction tenders, successful tenderers make contracts with subcontracts (with lower prices then the tender prices) and these may sign contracts with other subcontractors. Aren’t these types of contracts cause to loss of money to the municipality and cause to excess acquisition to the contractors? Could you explain these?

Answer 2:

Infrastructure bids are being made with open tender procedure; at least 7-8 firms gave offer. All bids are finalized with successful bidders that offers lowest price and compliant with the bid specifications.

In our case, contractor of the 1. and 2. work packages, Çeltikçioğlu İnşaat A.Ş. completely works with its own manpower and equipment. Contractors of the 3. and 4. zone are made contracts with the subcontractors. Completed works of these subcontractors are being controlled and surveyed by the main contractor and the Consultant. In any noncompliance case, subcontractors are warn, if the situation continues, subcontract will be terminated.

Answer 3: In our district, before the municipal infrastructure project construction there was no problem in rainy days. However since the project, all rains end up with flooding and we are suffered from these. What is the reason?

Answer 3: As you know Denizli has a dry spell between 2006 and 2008. In 2010, rainfall is three times more then the period between the years 2006-2008. As a result of this, ground waters are raised and caused increase in the saturation percentage of the soil. Also rainfall increase negatively influenced the construction activities of the project. One of the most important goal and environmental benefit of the project is separation of stormwater and wastewater. By this way, wastewater will be directed to the wastewater treatment plant. Old wastewater network was integrated with stormwater and convey it to the wastewater treatment plant. So clean stormwater was being polluted by the wastewater and causes excess electricity consumption of wastewater treatment plant and overloading. In our project we divide and designed wastewater and stormwater lines as required by the optimum engineering principles. However, valleys were installed to the wastewater lines in the old system. Thereby stormwater that collected from roofs are being taken in to the relatively small diametered new wastewater lines. Result

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of these, flooding occurred in basement houses. At the moment, municipality works on determining and reinstalls of these valley-wastewater manhole installations. The other reason is 1.90mt depth of the waste water network regarding the new designs. Thereby many of the basement houses wastewater outlet level below the wastewater network line. “You may ask that; why did not we think this at the beginning stage? Let me clarify it”; The number of buildings that wastewater outlet levels deeper than the average (for the use of basement house or shelter purposes) are relatively low then the standard buildings. Therefore 1.90mt wastewater line depth is used for standard and service lines are being designed for the nonstandard basement houses regarding cost issues.

Question 4: What is the Environmental Management Plan?

Answer 4:

Prepared Environmental Management Plan describes environmental aspects and impacts of construction and operation phases, determines methods for measures to be taken to diminish environmental impacts. This meeting is a compulsory part of the Environmental Management Plan. World Bank pays great attention to the environmental implementation of its projects.

Question 5:

What are the environmental impacts and preventive measures that will be applied?

Answer 5:

Construction activities like excavation, bedding, pipe laying, backfill, manhole erection, asphalt pavement, pavement repair will cause environmental aspects and impacts like dust emissions, noise pollution, exhaust emissions, construction debris, excavation wastes, solid wastes, increased traffic and health and safety risks.

Impact Mitigation Plan is prepared and will be implemented. Monitoring Plan will be used for continuous tracking of impacts and measures.

Measures can be summarized as follows;

 Watering of the roads and excavation material for preventing of dust emissions, transfer of excavation material to the legally suitable areas,  Covering of the trucks, control of the truck haulages, prevention of dispersion,  Careful selection of excavation material transfer routes regarding to prevent pass in to dense population areas, compliance with speed limits of trucks,  Regular maintenance of heavy equipment and motor vehicles,  Appropriate storage and disposal of maintenance wastes, waste oil and waste accumulators arising from maintenance of vehicles and equipments, in compliance with environmental legislation,  Suitable storage and disposal of hazardous wastes, waste asbestos cemented pipes by licensed companies, in compliance with environmental legislation,  Collection and discharge of wastewater arising from construction site and camp,  Usage of sound (noise) insulation equipment and materials, regular maintenance of equipment and machines, limited pulse noise of LCmax: 100 dBC, prevention of night works, regarding environmental legislation,  Prior information to the public and other institutions (daily and weekly) for construction works,

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 Installation of walkways and small bridges for pedestrians,  Preparation of safety areas to prevent safety risks with plastic barriers, steel guardrails, warning signs and lights,  Necessary signboards and warning for the city roads are blocked and determination of alternative roads,  Shoring placement for deep excavations,  Prevention of excavation during rainfall,

SUMMARY OF THE MEETING

 Presentation of proposed project area to the citizens,  Instructions for the first project (change orders etc),  Reasons and solutions for implementation problems faced on first project,  Reasons and results, preventive measures in short term for the flood (occurred 2 days before the meeting, 19.06.2010),  Citizen requests and complaints regarding the first municipal services project.

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Figure 6.1 Public Awareness Meeting Announcement (Poster)

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Figure 6.1.1 Public Awareness Meeting Invitation Card

Figure 6.1.2 Public Awareness Meeting Announcement Banner

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Figure 6.2 Public Awareness Meeting Announcement At Denizli Municipality Official Website

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Figure 6.3 Public Awareness Meeting Announcement at Local Press

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Figure 6.4 List of Participants

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Figure 6.5 Photographs from the Public Awareness Meeting

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Figure 6.6 News about the Public Awareness Meeting at Local Press Web Site

Figure 6.7 News about Public Awareness Meeting at Local Press

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REFERENCES

 Final Feasibility Report on Water, Wastewater, Stormwater Rehabilitation Project (18.01.2010)  Report on “Denizli (Center) Wastewater Treatment and Sewer System Construction, Bağırsak (Günlük) Creek and Bozburun District Sewer Network Project” Prepared by Kaya İnsaat and Başer Müh. for Denizli Municipality in 2006.  Hydrologic Report on “Denizli (Center) Water Supply System Project”. Prepared by Alter Müh. for Bank of Provinces, Department for Water Supply in 1992.  Technical Evaluation Report on “Denizli Sewer and Stormwater Network Feasibility Works”. Prepared by Erim Ins. Ltd. in 2005.  Denizli (Center) Stormwater Project. Regions 1-3. Description Report and Hydraulic Calculations. Kaynak Engineering Inc, 2006.  Denizli (Center) Hydrologic-Hydrogeologic Study Report. Prepared by Bank of Provinces 3. District Office in 2007.  Report On “Consultancy for Water Network Rehabilitation, SCADA System Design, Tender Documents Preparation and Construction Supervision (DEN C2): Design Parameters and Criteria for Hydraulic Calculations”. Prepared by UBM-SNS Cooperation for Denizli Municipality Directorate for Water and Sewerage Works in 2007.  Final Feasibility Report on “Consultancy Service on Feasibility Report Preparation for Denizli (Center) Water Supply Network”. Prepared by KAYA-SNS cooperation for Bank of Provinces in 2005.  Official Gazette (2004). Regulation on Control of Excavation Soil, Construction and Debris Waste No. 25406, Date. 18.03.2004, Ankara.  Official Gazette (2004). Regulation on Control of Waste Oils. No:25353, Date. 21.01.2004, Ankara.  Official Gazette (2005). Regulation on Control of Hazardous Wastes. No:25755, Date. 14.03.2005, Ankara.  Official Gazette (2004). Regulation on Control of Used Batteries and Accumulators. No:25569, Date. 31.08.2004, Ankara.  Official Gazette (2005). (2002-49-EC) Regulation on Management and Assessment of Environmental Noise. No:25862, Date. 01.07.2005, Ankara.  Official Gazette (2003). Regulation on Occupational Health and Safety. No:25311, Date. 09.12.2003, Ankara.  Official Gazette (2003). Regulation on Health and Safety at Construction Works. No:25325, Date. 23.12.2003, Ankara.  Official Gazette (2004). Regulation on Using of Personal Protective Equipments at Work Places. No:25370, Date. 11.02.2004, Ankara.  Official Gazette (2003). Noise Regulation. No: 25325, Date. 23.12.2003, Ankara.

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NOMENCLATURE

WB: World Bank

EMP: Environmental Management Plan

GNP: Gross National Product

AC: Asbestos Cement

TAP: Association of Portable Battery Producers

HSE: Health, Safety and Environment

PRU: Public Relations Unit

IMC: Independent Monitoring Company

EAP: Emergency Action Plan

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