Water, Time and European Cities — History Matters for the Futures Is a Fascinating Study, Covering a Vast and Rich field of Cultural Diversity

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Water, Time and European Cities — History Matters for the Futures Is a Fascinating Study, Covering a Vast and Rich field of Cultural Diversity Petri S. Juuti & Tapio S. Katko (Eds.) Petri S. Juuti & Tapio One Europe, Many Cities – Contemplating the Future of Water and Sanitation Petri S. Juuti & Tapio S. Katko (Eds.) “Water, time and European cities — History matters for the futures is a fascinating study, covering a vast and rich field of cultural diversity. The harmonising element is that the editors and co-authors see cities as part of a single Europe; they also share a concern for the future — water. The reader is provided a rich array of information gleaned from 29 cities in 13 countries, each with a different administrative and service supply history and different styles of design strategies and outcomes. Water, Time This study brings out the raw essence of individual historical memories and perspectives of tomor- row from dusty archives and state-of-the-art computer simulations. The past–present–future theo- retical framework that is a spin-off of this approach holds great promise. The book proposes manage- ment and planning strategies for the future and gives due recognition to the right of ordinary people to participate in matters related to the important issues of water supply and sanitation. This type of and research could be applied with good effect on the African continent. There is a distinct need to focus on the pre-colonial, colonial and post-colonial era and to determine how the water-related future of the African city needs to be understood. Ultimately, it could even lead us to a better understanding of the past, present and future water needs of global humankind.” Professor Johann W N Tempelhoff, Cities and European Time Water, European School of Basic Sciences, Vaal Triangle Faculty North-West University, South Africa History “This intriguing book presents chronological accounts of the evolution of water and sanitation services in 29 European cities. The cases bring out an immensely rich variation in local arrangements Cities for the establishment and exploitation of complex water and sanitation systems in fast-changing matters urban environments. This diversity of local experiences presents a potent antidote to the simplistic notion that there would be one best way of providing urban water services. True to its title, Juuti and Katko’s compilation of potted histories demonstrates that history does matter. It shows that there is much to learn from the comparative analysis of local evolutionary for the trajectories. Most of all, it deserves credit for placing the evolution of urban water services firmly on the research agenda.” Professor Okke Braadbaart Urban Environmental Management Team, Environmental Sciences Group Futures Wageningen University and Research Centre, The Netherlands Preface by Professor Martin V. Melosi, University of Houston, United States Petri S. Juuti & Tapio S. Katko (Eds.) Petri S. Juuti & Tapio One Europe, Many Cities – Contemplating the Future of Water and Sanitation Petri S. Juuti & Tapio S. Katko (Eds.) “Water, time and European cities — History matters for the futures is a fascinating study, covering a vast and rich field of cultural diversity. The harmonising element is that the editors and co-authors see cities as part of a single Europe; they also share a concern for the future — water. The reader is provided a rich array of information gleaned from 29 cities in 13 countries, each with a different administrative and service supply history and different styles of design strategies and outcomes. Water, Time This study brings out the raw essence of individual historical memories and perspectives of tomor- row from dusty archives and state-of-the-art computer simulations. The past–present–future theo- retical framework that is a spin-off of this approach holds great promise. The book proposes manage- ment and planning strategies for the future and gives due recognition to the right of ordinary people to participate in matters related to the important issues of water supply and sanitation. This type of and research could be applied with good effect on the African continent. There is a distinct need to focus on the pre-colonial, colonial and post-colonial era and to determine how the water-related future of the African city needs to be understood. Ultimately, it could even lead us to a better understanding of the past, present and future water needs of global humankind.” Professor Johann W N Tempelhoff, Cities and European Time Water, European School of Basic Sciences, Vaal Triangle Faculty North-West University, South Africa History “This intriguing book presents chronological accounts of the evolution of water and sanitation services in 29 European cities. The cases bring out an immensely rich variation in local arrangements Cities for the establishment and exploitation of complex water and sanitation systems in fast-changing matters urban environments. This diversity of local experiences presents a potent antidote to the simplistic notion that there would be one best way of providing urban water services. True to its title, Juuti and Katko’s compilation of potted histories demonstrates that history does matter. It shows that there is much to learn from the comparative analysis of local evolutionary for the trajectories. Most of all, it deserves credit for placing the evolution of urban water services firmly on the research agenda.” Professor Okke Braadbaart Urban Environmental Management Team, Environmental Sciences Group Futures Wageningen University and Research Centre, The Netherlands Preface by Professor Martin V. Melosi, University of Houston, United States Water, Time and European Cities History matters for the Futures “Water is the driving force of all nature” Leonardo da Vinci (1452–1519) Front cover: From left: Fountain of Fontano di Trevi in Rome, Italy, constructed in 1762 (Photo: T. Katko 2005). In the centre: Water tower completed in 1982 in Hervanta suburb, Tampere, Finland (Photo: P. Juuti 2005). Below: Viinikanlahti wastewater treatment plant established in 1972, located close to the expanded city (Photo: T. Katko 2005). Back cover: From left: Silhuette of the Tampere city center, Finland (Photo: P. Juuti). Below: “Presa de El Atazar”, water intake reservoir for Madrid, Spain (Photo: Canal de Isabel II). Petri S. Juuti & Tapio S. Katko (Eds.) Water, Time and European Cities History matters for the Futures Petri S. Juuti & Tapio S. Katko (Eds.) Water, Time and European Cities History matters for the Futures Tampere University Press, ePublications — Verkkojulkaisut ISBN 951–44–6337–4 Tampere 2005 THE MATERIAL IN THIS BOOK WAS PRODUCED AS PART OF THE WaterTime PROJECT, FUNDED BY THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION. THE EDITORS AND AUTHORS HEREBY ACKNOWLEDGE THE SUPPORT OF THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION. THE FULL RESULTS OF THE WATERTIME PROJECT CAN BE SEEN AT www.watertime.net WaterTime UNDER THE FIFTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME (FP5) AND CONTRIBUTING TO THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE KEY ACTION 4: CITY OF TOMORROW AND CULTURAL HERITAGE, THEMATIC PRIORITY 4.1.2: IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF URBAN LIFE, WITHIN ENERGY, ENVIRONMENT AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT (EESD). Contract No: EVK4–2002–0095 http://europa.eu.int/comm/research/rtdinf21/en/key/18.html WaterTime PARTNERS: • Eötvös József College, Hungary http://www.ejf.hu/ • ERL, Universidad Complutense de Madrid,Spain http://www.ucm.es/info/femp/ • Institute of Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology (IEEB), Tampere University of Technology (TUT), Finland http://www.tut.fi /units/ymp/bio/en/ • International Water Affairs, Hamburg, Germany <[email protected]> • PSIRU, Business School, University of Greenwich, UK www.psiru.org Keywords: Strategic choices, Sustainability, Path dependence, Water Supply and sanitation, Urban environment , City-service development , Water pollution control, Public policy, Institutional development, History and futures research, Europe Covers & Layout: Katri Wallenius Printed in EU, 2005 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This document is a collaboration of researchers representing the WaterTime partners: • Eötvös József College, Hungary • ERL, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain • Institute of Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology (IEEB), Tampere University of Technology (TUT), Finland • International Water Aff airs, Hamburg, Germany • PSIRU, Business School, University of Greenwich, UK Th e editors wish to thank these WaterTime partner institutions and the individual researchers for their contributions to this work: Andres Caballero Quintana, Jarmo Hukka, Klaus Lanz, Emanuele Lobina, Robin de la Motte, Judit Péter, Pekka Pietilä, Ignacio Rodriguez, Andrés Sanz Mulas, Osmo Seppälä and Risto Teinonen. We also express our thanks to WaterTime coordinator, David Hall, for his patience and advice, the steering committee members for their advice, and professor Martin V. Melosi for writing the preface. Financial support from EU, FP5 (EVK4–2002–0095) is gratefully acknowledged as well as the additional resources from Academy of Finland (210816). Support and contributions from all parties and stakeholders who kindly provided data is highly appreciated. Th ese include especially all the water and sewage utilities and related stakeholders in the case cities and countries. Assistance from Sari Merontausta, Harri Mäki, Jorma Tiainen and Katri Wallenius as well as advice from John Hassan, Arne Kaijser, Kimmo Kurunmäki and Marko Stenroos is also acknowledged. For the case material and plates we wish to thank Vadim Akselrod, Andrea Barghi, Luca Berti, Lorenzo Caldentey, Epsica Chiru, George A. Crisia, Leszek Drogosz, Richard Duncan, Laszlo Fejer, Laszlo Ferenc, Lászlóné Fodor, Stuart Fischer,
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