Index

The index principally covers placenames and Armorican , 127 navigation, 225 specific site-types as broader themes, such Arnos Vale cemetery, 240, 243 Palaeolithic finds, 26, 30, 31, 33 as “defence” can be easily found in the arsenic , 235 () appropriate section of the text. The counties art 19th-century defences, 247 given after placenames are historical ones , 51 Bronze Age skull find, 124 with the exception of those in the former Modern combat, 253 industrial estate, 222 county of Avon where the new unitary is Palaeolithic, 37 Modern port, 227 used. Ashchurch () environment, 71, 72 military depot, 263 post-war planning, 224 A Ashley Manor Farm (Gloucestershire) remount depot, 252 Abbeymeads (Gloucestershire) Mesolithic site, 56 WW1 port, 251–253 Iron Age settlement, 131 Ashton Court, Plymstock () () Abbots Leigh (Bristol) Bronze Age metalwork, 77 burh, 178, 186, 201 Palaeolithic finds, 33 Ashton Keynes () Medieval town, 201 Abbots Pill (Bristol) Iron Age enclosures, 131 Axminster (Devon) Palaeolithic finds, 34 Iron Age pit alignments, 139 Deverel-Rimbury , 121 Abbots Way (Somerset) Iron Age settlement, 131, 132 railway air defences, 260 Bronze Age trackway, 92 Palaeolithic environment, 30 Woodbury Roman ?town, 153, 154 Mesolithic environment, 44 Ashton Vale (Bristol) Azilian points, 39 Neolithic environment, 71 Post-Medieval iron smelting, 234 Abbotsbury () Asser, 178 B Anglo-Saxon monastery, 182 Aston Somerville (Gloucestershire) Backwell () Civil War defences, 245 Iron Age settlement, 131 Medieval field patterns, 196 duck decoy, 218 Athelney (Somerset) bacon, 219 Acton Court () , 204 Badbury (Dorset) Post-Medieval artefacts, 214–216 Anglo-Saxon monastery, 182 Bronze Age settlement, 117 Adam’s Grave barrow (Wiltshire), 79 Early Medieval fort, 186 Badbury Barrow (Dorset) agricultural societies, 220 atmospheric railway, 228 carvings, 88 aircraft Atrebates, 158 (Dorset) Airbus, 228 Augustine, 180 Roman ?town, 153 Bristol Brabazon, 228 Augustine’s Oak, 170, 180 Badger Hole (Somerset) industry, 227, 228, 237 , 36–39 Mesolithic site, 50 Rolls-Royce engine factory, 228 aurochs, 90 Palaeolithic finds, 35, 38, 39 airship stations, 253 Avebury Badgworth (Somerset) Aldhelm, 170, 176, 178, 180, 182 Beckhampton enclosure, 76 Bronze Age hoard, 122 Alfred, 176 Avebury (Wiltshire), 94 Badminton (South Gloucestershire) All Cannings Cross (Wiltshire) marks, 78 Roman villa, 152 Early Iron Age pottery, 128 avenues, 95, 97 Bagendon (Gloucestershire), 160 Iron Age settlement, 132 barrows, 79, 99 Iron Age mortuary practices, 142, 143 Aller Farm (Devon) Beaker graves, 101 oppidum, 137–139 Early Medieval environment, 165, 168 Beckhampton enclosure, 95, 97 Baggy Point (Devon), 52, 53 Allington Avenue (Dorset) Beckhampton Road barrow, 79, 96 ball clay quarrying, 235 bank barrow, 96 burh, 186 Balland’s Castle (Somerset), 206 Roman burials, 160 , 97, 101 ballrooms, 244 almshouses, 243 lack of Mesolithic activity, 76 banjo enclosures, 131, 132 Almsworthy Common (Somerset) lithic scatters, 80 Bantham (Devon) Bronze Age fieldsystem, 120 Mesolithic environment, 48 Early Medieval environment, 165–167 Alstone (Gloucestershire) Neolithic environment, 68 Early Medieval pottery, 175, 179 Iron Age settlement, 131 relationship to topography, 79 Early Medieval trading centre, 179 (Gloucestershire) Avebury Trusloe (Wiltshire) Bantom (Isles of Scilly) Iron Age mortuary practices, 142 housing estate, 220 Medieval settlement, 197 Avebury G55 barrow (Wiltshire), 80 (North Somerset) Bronze Age, 77, 84, 127 Aveline’s Hole (North Somerset) Bone , 26 Palaeolithic, 37 Mesolithic faunal remains, 49 Early Medieval monastery, 180 Amesbury (Wiltshire) Mesolithic human remains, 49–51 Bapton Water Meadows (Wiltshire) barrow excavations, 99 Mesolithic , 51 Mesolithic site, 57 Bronze Age metalwork, 77 Palaeolithic finds, 36, 39 Barnsley (Gloucestershire) shale cup, 84 Avening (Gloucestershire) Iron Age enclosures, 131 Amesbury Archer (Wiltshire), 76, 83, 84, Mesolithic site, 56 Barnsley Park villa (Gloucestershire) 93, 101 Avon, river (Bristol), 201 Roman environment, 146 Amesbury 42 barrow (Wiltshire), 78, 96 Bluestone transport, 92 Barnstaple (Devon), 154 Amesbury 61a barrow (Wiltshire), 101 boundary, 178 barracks, 248 Amesbury 71 barrow (Wiltshire), 99 navigation, 225, 226 bridge, 224 Amesbury G15 barrow (Wiltshire), 101 Palaeolithic finds, 31, 33 bus station, 225 Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, 170, 176 sea-walls, 217 castle, 205 Anstey’s Combe (Devon), 167 Avon, river (Wiltshire) excavation backlog, 199 Early Medieval environment, 167 Anglo-Saxon burials, 177, 183, 184 furniture manufacture, 236 Appledore (Devon) Early Medieval pottery, 170 Huguenot community, 238 military training, 259 links to monuments, 79, 91 Medieval pottery, 203 shipyard, 236 Mesolithic environment, 48 Medieval town, 199 ard ploughs, 78 Mesolithic finds, 57 Medieval town walls, 206

349 The Archaeology of South West

Modern port, 227 origins, 84 Birdcombe (North Somerset) Post-Medieval pottery, 214 settlements, 83 Mesolithic site, 50 , 214, 236 Beakers, see pottery Birdlip (Gloucestershire) railway, 226 (Dorset) Iron Age burial, 143 street lighting, 242 gasworks, 221 Iron Age , 141 telephones, 230 turnpike , 224 Iron Age pottery, 140 Barnwood (Gloucestershire) Beckery (Somerset) Iron Age settlement, 131 Iron Age mortuary practices, 143 Early Medieval hermitage, 180 Roman settlement, 152 barracks, 245, 247, 248, 250, 251, 254, Beckhampton, see Avebury Birinus, 180 263 Bede, 170, 176, 180 Biscovillack () barrage balloons, 256 Bedminster (Bristol) Bronze Age settlement, 118 barrows suburban development, 224 Bishop’s Cleeve (Gloucestershire) bank, 79, 96 beer, 218, 219 Early Medieval cemetery, 177 Early Medieval, 177, 185 Beer (Devon) Home Office depot, 232 location, 79 Medieval quarrying, 203 Bishop’s Lydeard (Somerset) long, 76, 79, 89, 92, 93, 95, 96, 100 Medieval saltmaking, 203 Bronze Age hoard, 122 , 80 Modern water supply, 241 Early Medieval quarrying, 175 round, 77, 79, 81, 83, 84, 88, 90, 97, WW2 military storage, 259 Bishops Canning Down (Wiltshire) 99–101, 124 Beer Head (Devon) Bronze Age livestock, 123 Bartinney (Cornwall) flint mining, 85 Bronze Age metalwork finds, 122 Bronze Age enclosure, 99 Mesolithic site, 53 Bronze Age settlement, 118 Bass Point (Cornwall) Belas Knap barrow (Gloucestershire) (South Gloucestershire) first radio transmission, 231 Neolithic warfare, 93 Anglo-Saxon church, 182 submarine cable station, 230 Belgae, 158, 178 Roman town, 153 Bath bell founding, 203 Black Burnished Ware, see pottery Anglo-Saxon churches, 182 Bellever (Devon) Black Down (Somerset) brewery, 219 Neolithic environment, 69 bombing decoy, 256 burh, 201 Bemerton (Wiltshire) Black Ridge Brook (Devon) cinemas, 244 Palaeolithic finds, 33 Mesolithic environment, 46 civitas capital?, 153 Bench Tunnel Cavern (Devon) Palaeolithic environment, 29 crane manufacture, 236 Palaeolithic finds, 35, 38 Blackbury Castle (Devon), 134 dark earth, 173 Bere Alston (Devon) Blackdown Hills dyeworks, 235 Medieval mining, 202, 203 Early Medieval iron working, 175 excavations, 169 Bere Ferrers (Devon) Iron Age environment, 111 flood defences, 242 Medieval mining, 202 Medieval mining, 202 Iron Age coin finds, 142 Berkeley (Gloucestershire) Mesolithic environment, 40, 47 Medieval town, 201 castle, 206 Roman environment, 149 Medieval town walls, 206 power station, 242 Roman iron working, 155 Modern expansion, 222 Berry Down (Devon) Roman military presence, 160 Modern water supply, 241 hillfort, 134 Blackford (Somerset) Post-Medieval planning, 223 Berry Head (Devon) bishop’s house, 205 quarrying, 234 18th-century battery, 247 Blackhorse (Devon) Roman burials, 160 barracks, 248 Iron Age settlement, 130 Roman Christianity, 159, 181 Berry Pomeroy castle (Devon), 206 Blacklake Wood (Somerset) Roman temple, 158, 159 Berwick Farm (South Gloucestershire) Early Medieval iron working, 175 Roman town, 154, 158 mustard-gas factory, 252 Blaise Castle (Bristol) Roman walls, 161 Bessemer process, 235 hillfort, 135 spa, 221, 244 Bestwall (Dorset) model hamlet, 220 The Circus, 223 Bronze Age fieldsystem, 120 Blandford Camp (Dorset) trams, 227 Bronze Age metalwork finds, 122 military aviation, 253 tramway, 226 burnt , 121 military training, 250, 263 turnpike, 224 Cornish granite quern, 121, 123 prisoner-of-war camp, 253 , 186 Roman pottery production, 157 telegraph station, 229 Bathampton (Bath and NE Somerset) Roman settlement, 152 WW2 use, 251 19th-century burials, 240 Bevan’s Quarry barrow (Dorset) Iron Age hill-top enclosure, 134, 135 (Gloucestershire), 124 brewery, 219 battlefields, 245 Beverston (Gloucestershire) buildings surveyed, 222 Battleton (Somerset) castle, 206 rebuilding, 221 housing estate, 220 Mesolithic site, 56 Blandford Race Down (Dorset) Batton Down (Devon) Bible Christians, 238, 239 WW1 camp, 251 Bronze Age burial, 124 Bickleigh castle (Devon), 206 Blashenwell (Dorset) Batworthy Corner (Devon) Biconical Urns, see pottery Mesolithic environment, 40, 48 Mesolithic activity, 76 Bideford (Devon), 154 Mesolithic , 49 Bayard’s Farm (Dorset) bridge, 224 tufa, 48 Mesolithic site, 58 Huguenot community, 238 Cavern (North Somerset), 26 Beachley (Gloucestershire) Modern port, 227 Blind Fiddler (Cornwall) naval college, 252 Bigbury Bay (Devon) standing stone, 99 beacons, 228 submerged Mesolithic site, 53 Boddington (Gloucestershire) Beaker Bindon Hill (Dorset) military communications, 230, 265 cultivation, 78 hillfort, 135 (Cornwall) dates, 76–78 Iron Age hill-top enclosure, 134 barracks, 248

350 Index

Medieval church, 204 Mesolithic site, 52 hillfort, 135 Medieval monastery, 204 Bournemouth (Dorset) Iron Age settlement, 131 Medieval settlement, 197 aircraft factory, 237 Brendon Hill (Somerset) Medieval town, 197, 198 airport, 228 industrial settlement, 220 military training, 263 bus station, 225 Brendon Hills (Somerset) militia barracks, 248 cliff railway, 226 iron mining, 234 priory excavation, 204 lithic scatters, 81 links to South , 237 radio station, 232 Modern expansion, 222 Brennan torpedo, 248 railway, 226 Palaeolithic finds, 33 Brent Knoll (Somerset) Bodmin Moor (Cornwall) picturesque housing, 221 Early Medieval refortification, 186 Bronze Age settlement, 118, 119 telephones, 230 hillfort, 135 Early Medieval environment, 167 Bourton-on-the-Water (Gloucestershire) Roman temple, 159 Iron Age environment, 112 Bronze Age dog burials, 90 brewing, 218, 219 Medieval environment, 192, 197 Iron Age mortuary practices, 143 brick making, 236 Medieval field systems, 197 Iron Age settlement, 130 Bridged Pot Shelter (Somerset) Medieval settlement, 197 Roman town, 153 LNEBA pottery finds, 79 Mesolithic environment, 40, 45–46 bout coupé handaxes, 31, 33, 34 bridges, 202, 224–226, 259 Mesolithic sites, 54, 55 Bovey Lane, Beer (Devon) Bridgetown (Devon) Neolithic environment, 69, 72 Beaker evidence, 78 Medieval pottery, 203 Palaeolithic environment, 29 Bovey Tracey (Devon) Bridgwater (Somerset) stone monuments, 97 potteries, 236 Baptist Church, 240 Bodrifty (Cornwall) Bovington (Dorset) Civil War defences, 245 Bronze Age settlement, 125 military settlement, 220 Friary excavations, 204 cup marks, 88 military training, 251, 258, 263 glassworks, 236 Iron Age settlement, 130 Bovisand (Devon) Medieval town, 201 Bokerley Dyke (Dorset) naval watering point, 246 Medieval town walls, 207 Early Medieval, 177, 178, 186 Bowl’s Barrow (Wiltshire) Modern expansion, 221, 222 Iron Age origins, 139 Neolithic burials, 100 Post-Medieval planning, 223 Boldridge Farm (Gloucestershire) Bowsings, The (Gloucestershire) Post-Medieval pottery, 214 Mesolithic site, 56 Iron Age settlement, 131 telephones, 230 Bolham (Devon) Box (Wiltshire) Bridgwater Bay (Somerset) Mesolithic environment, 47 Fighter Command Group HQ, 255 bombing range markers, 229 Bolham Farm (Devon) military communications, 230, 265 Early Medieval fish traps, 175 Roman fort, 161 Warning and Monitoring Organisation, Bridport (Dorset) Bolt Head (Devon) 265 19th-century battery, 247 Mesolithic site, 53 Bradford-on-Avon (Wiltshire) brewery, 219 ship-to-shore radio station, 232 Anglo-Saxon church, 182 Modern port, 227 bombing decoys, 256 Roman villa, 152, 180 working men’s institute, 243 Bone Hole (Somerset) woollen industry, 221 Bridport Road Ridge (Dorset) Neolithic faunal remains, 89 Bradley Hill (Somerset) flint working, 86 Bonfire Carn, Bryher (Isles of Scilly) Roman burials, 160 Briery Hill, Kilcot (Gloucestershire) Bronze Age settlement, 118 Roman settlement, 152 Mesolithic site, 56 Bos Swallet (Somerset) Bradney, Bawdrip (Somerset) Brightworthy (Somerset) Neolithic faunal remains, 89 Iron Age settlement, 130 Early Medieval environment, 167, 168 Boscarne (Cornwall) Branch Tramway (Gloucestershire), 226 Mesolithic environment, 47 Roman mining, 155 Braunton (Devon) Neolithic environment, 70 Boscastle (Cornwall) land reclamation, 217 Brimble Pit Swallet (Somerset) field systems, 197, 217 open field, 217 Neolithic faunal remains, 89 Medieval parish, 203 Bread and Cheese Cove (Isles of Scilly) Brimscombe Port (Gloucestershire) Medieval town, 198 Palaeolithic environment, 28 settlement, 221 Boscawen-un (Cornwall), 88 Brean Down (Somerset) Brislington (Bristol) Boscombe Bowmen (Wiltshire), 76, 93 19th-century defences, 247 War Room, 5 Boscombe Down (Wiltshire) Bronze Age boundary, 120 Bristol, 227 military research centre, 256, 266 Bronze Age faunal remains, 90, 123 19th-century defences, 246, 247 navigation experiments, 229 Bronze Age fishing, 91, 123 air defences, 256, 264 Roman burials, 160 Bronze Age goldwork, 127 airport, 228 , 97 Bronze Age human remains, 101, 126 Arnos Vale cemetery, 240, 243 US airforce reserve base, 262 Bronze Age pottery, 121, 126 brass working, 236 V-bomber base, 262 Bronze Age saltmaking, 91, 124 brewery, 219 Boscombe Down East (Wiltshire) Bronze Age settlement, 118, 125 Broadmead Medieval suburb, 201 Bronze Age settlement, 118 Early Medieval burials, 183 buildings surveyed, 223 Boscombe Down West (Wiltshire) Mesolithic environment, 40, 43 castle, 205 Iron Age settlement, 132 military experiments, 258 cinemas, 244 Bosence, St Erth (Cornwall) Neolithic settlement, 83 civic centre, 224 Roman ritual shaft, 159 Roman burials, 160 Civil War defences, 245 Bosigran, Zennor (Cornwall) Roman Christianity, 159, 180, 183 Civil War mint, 215 Bronze Age fieldsystem, 120 Roman temple, 159 cotton industry, 236 Bossiney (Cornwall) sandcliff, 29 distillery, 220 Medieval field systems, 197 submarine cable, 230 dyeworks, 235 Medieval harbour, 198 WW2 coast battery, 257 electricity supply, 242 Bossington Hill (Somerset) (Gloucestershire) Floating Harbour, 227

351 The Archaeology of

galvanising works, 236 Palaeolithic finds, 35 Roman settlement, 152 gas works, 242 Brown Willy (Cornwall) Butlers Field (Gloucestershire) glassworks, 236 Medieval settlement, 196 Early Medieval cemetery, 177 historic ships, 228 Brue valley (Somerset) Iron Age pit alignments, 139 Huguenot community, 238 Bronze Age environment, 108, 120 Iron Age settlement, 130 Jewish community, 201 Iron Age environment, 109 Butterfield Down (Wiltshire) lead working, 236 Mesolithic environment, 44 chalk carvings, 87 Medieval city, 198, 201 Roman environment, 147 Butterstor (Cornwall) Medieval town walls, 206, 207 bruised blades, 36 Mesolithic site, 49, 54 metal working, 235 Bruton (Somerset) by-passes, 225 Modern defence industry, 266 Medieval town, 201 Bywood Farm (Devon) Modern expansion, 221, 222 Bryher (Isles of Scilly) Early Medieval environment, 165 Modern port, 227 Iron Age burial, 128, 143 Early Medieval iron working, 175 Modern water supply, 241 Medieval settlement, 197 Roman environment, 149 Neolithic environment, 71 Buckfast (Devon) Palaeolithic environment, 27 Abbey, 204 C Post-Medieval leather, 215 Anglo-Saxon monastery, 182 Cadbury Castle (Devon) Post-Medieval mint, 215 Buckfastleigh (Devon) Roman ritual shaft, 159 Post-Medieval planning, 223 Medieval church, 204 Cadbury Castle (Somerset) Post-Medieval pottery, 214, 215 Budbury Camp hillfort (Wiltshire), 136 Anglo-Saxon metalwork, 179 Post-Medieval rebuilding, 221 (Cornwall) Bronze Age finds, 118 post-war rebuilding, 222 canal, 226 Bronze Age pottery, 126 privies, 242 military training, 258 Bronze Age settlement, 125 radio station, 233 Budleigh Salterton (Devon) Bronze Age shield, 127 railway, 226 Palaeolithic finds, 35 burh, 201 regional government HQ, 264 buffer depots, 265 Early Iron Age pottery, 128 ROC group HQ, 256, 265 Bulford Camp (Wiltshire) Early Medieval occupation, 174 Sailors’ Home, 228 HQ Southwest District, 264 Early Medieval pottery, 179 shipyards, 236 WW1 railway, 252 Early Medieval refortification, 185, 186 soap industry, 237 Bull Point (Devon) Early Medieval territory, 178 St Augustine-the-Less burials, 240 naval powder magazines, 246 excavations, 169 sugar refining, 219 Burderop Down (Wiltshire) hillfort, 134–136 tanning industry, 235 Bronze Age human remains, 126 Iron Age shrine, 142 telephones, 230 Bronze Age metalworking, 127 Iron Age trade, 137 tobacco industry, 237 Burghal Hideage, 174 Neolithic human remains, 100 turnpike, 224 Burhill hillfort (Gloucestershire), 135 Neolithic pits, 82 Wansdyke, 186 burhs, 186 Roman military presence, 137, 160, Wapping prison, 243 burials 161 WW2 regional commissioner, 255 Beaker, 76, 93, 96 Roman temple, 159 Bristol and Railway, 226 Bronze Age, 124, 126 Cadbury Congresbury (North Somerset) Bristol coalfield charcoal, 185 Early Medieval glass, 179 Roman working, 155 churchyard, 185 Early Medieval occupation, 172, 174 Britannia Prima, 151, 158, 171, 180 Durotrigian, 185 Early Medieval pottery, 175, 179 Britford (Wiltshire) Early Bronze Age, 77, 83, 84, 101 Early Medieval refortification, 185, 186 Anglo-Saxon church, 182 Early Medieval, 173, 176–178, 182–185 excavations, 169 British and Colonial Aeroplane Company, final-phase, 185 Cadbury, (North Somerset) 228 Iron Age, 141–143 Roman ?temple, 159 Brixham (Devon) Medieval, 205 Caer Bran (Cornwall) 18th-century batteries, 247 Mesolithic, 50 Bronze Age enclosure, 99 19th-century defences, 247 Neolithic, 96, 97, 100–101 Caerhays Castle (Cornwall) naval victualling yard, 246 plank, 185 Roman hoard, 155 Post-Medieval fishing, 219 Post-Medieval, 240–241 Caerloggas (Cornwall) practice battery, 249 Roman, 159–160 barrow excavation, 99 WW2 coast battery, 257 Burlescombe (Devon) Iron Age fishing, 140 Broad Down (Devon) Early Medieval environment, 165 , see barrows shale cup, 84 Early Medieval iron working, 175 Callestick (Cornwall) Broadclyst Moor (Devon) Burnham-on-Sea (Somerset) Bronze Age settlement, 117–120 Bronze Age environment, 111 Mesolithic environment, 40, 43, 44 (Cornwall) Mesolithic environment, 47 Neolithic environment, 71 Medieval town, 198 Broadmayne (Dorset) ship-to-shore radio station, 232 Callow Hill (Somerset) bank barrow, 96 Burnt Hill, St Martin’s (Isles of Scilly) Palaeolithic finds, 39 Broadway (Gloucestershire) promontory fort, 134 Calne (Wiltshire) Iron Age settlement, 131 burnt , 121 bacon factory, 219 Brockworth (Gloucestershire) (North Somerset), 50 (Cornwall) air defences, 256 Burtle Beds (Somerset) mining industry, 221 aircraft factory, 237, 252, 258 Neolithic environment, 71 tramway, 226 Broken Cavern (Devon) Bury Barton (Devon) (Cornwall) later prehistoric dates, 78 Roman fort, 161 Medieval town, 198 Palaeolithic finds, 38 bus stations, 225 Camerton (Bath and NE Somerset) Broom (Dorset) Bush Barrow (Wiltshire), 77, 83, 85, 101 Iron Age settlement, 130 Palaeolithic environment, 26, 28 Butcombe (North Somerset) Roman ?town, 153

352 Index

Roman temple, 159 Deverel-Rimbury pottery, 121 Iron Age finds, 133 (Dorset) Castle Meadow (Wiltshire) LNEBA deposits, 79 WW1 camp, 251 Mesolithic site, 49, 57, 58 Neolithic faunal remains, 89 Castle Neroche (Somerset), 206 Charterhouse-on-Mendip (Somerset) Bude, 226 Castleton (Dorset) Iron Age mining, 141 Chard, 226 tramway, 226 Medieval mining, 202 Exeter, 225 Cataclews (Cornwall) Mesolithic sites, 50 Gloucester and , 225 Medieval quarrying, 203 Roman fort, 151, 154, 160 Grand Western, 226 Catsgore (Somerset) Chawleigh (Devon) Kennet and Avon, 226 Roman environment, 148 Mesolithic site, 54 and , 226 Roman settlement, 152, 153 Cheddar (Somerset) Medieval, 202 Cattedown Bone Cave (Devon) Anglo-Saxon church, 182 St Columb, 226 Palaeolithic finds, 38 Early Medieval elite site, 174 Stroudwater, 225 cauldrons, 215 Early Medieval pottery, 175 Thames and Severn, 226 causewayed enclosures, 96, 136 royal estate, 178 Canford Magna (Dorset) cave art, 37 Cheddar Man, 51 model hamlet, 220 celtic field systems, 120, 139 Cheddar points, 26, 36 cannibalism, 37 cement, 235 Chedworth (Gloucestershire) Cannington (Somerset) cemeteries Roman Christianity, 159 Early Medieval graves, 183 barrow, 79, 99, 124 Roman temple, 159 excavations, 169 Deverel-Rimbury, 124 Chedworth barrow (Gloucestershire) grass-marked pottery, 175 Early Medieval, 172, 173, 176, 177, Neolithic environment, 69 Roman burials, 160 180, 183–185 Chedzoy (Somerset) Canon’s Marsh (Bristol) Iron Age, 143 Mesolithic site, 51 gas works, 242 Medieval, 205 cheese, 219 car parks, 225 Mesolithic, 49–51 Chelm’s Combe (Somerset) Caradon Hill (Cornwall) military, 253, 260 Bronze Age finds, 118 television transmitter, 231, 233 Neolithic, 101 Iron Age metalworking, 133 caravan parks, 220 Post-Medieval, 240–241, 243 Neolithic burial, 100 Carhampton (Somerset) Roman, 159, 160 (Gloucestershire) Early Medieval monastery, 180 Central Flying School, 253 air defences, 264 Early Medieval pottery, 179 Centwine, 171 Bronze Age pottery, 121 Carkeel (Cornwall) Cerne (Dorset) bus station, 225 air defences, 264 Anglo-Saxon monastery, 182 gas works, 242 Carn Brea (Cornwall) Chains, The (Somerset) GCHQ, 233, 262 Neolithic clearance mounds, 78 Early Medieval environment, 168 Medieval town, 202 Neolithic dates, 77 Mesolithic environment, 46 military communications, 230 Neolithic enclosure, 78, 83, 95, 96 Neolithic environment, 69 non-conformist chapels, 239 Neolithic house, 82 Chalbury Camp (Dorset) Post-Medieval planning, 223 Neolithic pottery, 86 Bronze Age human remains, 126 spa, 221, 244 Neolithic warfare, 93 hillfort, 134 street lighting, 242 Carn Euny (Cornwall) chamber tombs, see barrows, long telephones, 230 Early Iron Age dates, 128 Channel River, 24 chemical industry, 237 Iron Age continental contacts, 137 chapels Cherhill (Wiltshire) Iron Age settlement, 129 Early Medieval, 178, 180, 181 Mesolithic environment, 40, 48 Carn Greeb (Cornwall) Medieval, 204 Mesolithic site, 57 Mesolithic site, 54 military, 260 Palaeolithic environment, 30 Carn Morval (Isles of Scilly) Post-Medieval, 239, 240, 243 tufa, 48 Palaeolithic environment, 28 charcoal Chesil Beach (Dorset) Carscliffe (Somerset) burials, 185 Mesolithic finds, 58 Medieval desertion, 193 burning, 203, 235 military experiments, 258 Medieval settlement, 197 Chard Canal, 226 Chesters, (Gloucestershire) Carvossa (Cornwall) Chard Junction (Somerset) Roman iron working, 155 hillfort, 134 Palaeolithic finds, 35 Chew Park (North Somerset) Casterley Camp (Wiltshire) Chard Junction Quarry (Dorset) Neolithic house, 82 hillfort, 132 Bronze Age cereals, 123 Chickerell (Dorset) Castilly henge (Cornwall) Bronze Age pottery, 121 LNEBA enclosure, 95 Civil War defences, 245 Bronze Age pottery styles, 121 military training, 258 Castle an Dinas (Cornwall) Bronze Age settlement, 117, 126 Chilmark (Wiltshire) Iron Age settlement, 129 Charlbury Camp (Dorset) regional government HQ, 7, 264 Castle Canyke (Cornwall) hillfort, 135 WW2 military storage, 259 possible oppidum, 137 Charlestown (Cornwall) Chilmark stone (Wiltshire) Castle Cary (Somerset) historic ships, 228 Roman working, 155 creamery, 219 industrial settlement, 220 china clay quarrying, 235 (Cornwall) Modern port, 227 Chippenham (Wiltshire) Civil War defences, 245 Charmy Down (South Gloucestershire) milk processing, 219 Castle Hill (Devon) radar station, 262 telephones, 230 Bronze Age cereals, 123 Charterhouse Warren Farm swallet Chipping Camden (Gloucestershire) Bronze Age fieldsystem, 118, 120 (Somerset) Medieval town, 202 Bronze Age pottery, 121 aurochs, 90 Chiseldon Camp (Wiltshire) Bronze Age settlement, 118 Bronze Age disarticulated burial, 101 WW1 camp, 251

353 The Archaeology of South West England

Chisenbury Warren (Wiltshire) Palaeolithic finds, 34 Condicote henge (Gloucestershire), 69 Roman settlement, 152 radio station, 233 Coneybury Anomaly (Wiltshire) chocolate, 219, 222 Cleveland Farm (Gloucestershire) early cereals, 90 Christchurch (Dorset) Iron Age settlement, 131 early domesticates, 89 barracks, 248 cliff castles, 129, 134 Early Neolithic date, 76 military research centre, 266 Clifton (Bristol) fish, 91 Modern expansion, 222 cliff railway, 226 Neolithic faunal remains, 89 power station, 242 graveyard recording, 240 Neolithic pits, 82 Christchurch Harbour (Dorset) Post-Medieval planning, 223 Coneybury henge (Wiltshire), 82 Iron Age settlements, 132 climate, 115 floral remains, 91 Christianity climate change, 24, 25, 29, 30, 40, 41, 43, Neolithic environment, 68, 73 Early Medieval, 179 46, 63, 73, 104, 105, 109, Neolithic faunal remains, 89, 90 Roman, 177, 179 113, 164, 209, 210 Congresbury (North Somerset), see also Christon (North Somerset) coaching inns, 224 Cadbury Congresbury Iron Age settlement, 130 coastguard, 229 Anglo-Saxon , 182 Medieval desertion, 193 Coburg Road, Dorchester (Dorset) Early Medieval monastery, 180 Chudleigh (Devon) Bronze Age settlement, 126 Early Medieval settlement, 172 Palaeolithic finds, 36 cock-pits, 244 Roman pottery production, 157 Chun (Cornwall) cocoa, 235 Conquer Barrow (Dorset), 97 Iron Age settlement, 129 Codford (Wiltshire) conscientious objectors, 254 Chun Downs (Cornwall) chalk badge carvings, 253 Constantine (Cornwall) Medieval field systems, 197 WW1 camp, 251 Mesolithic sites, 54 churches Codsend Moor (Somerset) Conygar Hill henge, 97 20th-century, 239 Bronze Age environment, 114 Copehill Down (Wiltshire) Anglo-Saxon, 182 Bronze Age fieldsystem, 120 military training, 263 Medieval, 202–204, 206 Early Medieval environment, 167 Copenacre (Wiltshire) Post-Medieval, 239 Mesolithic environment, 46 WW2 military storage, 259 Roman, 159 coins copper mining, see mining Churchfields (Wiltshire) Post-Medieval, 215 Corfe Castle (Dorset) Palaeolithic finds, 40 Post-Medieval tokens, 215 Civil War defences, 245 churchyard Cold Kitchen Hill (Wiltshire) Early Medieval phase, 179 burial, 185 Roman temple, 159 (Dorset) circular, 180 Colerne (Wiltshire) Palaeolithic finds, 31, 33 Chysauster (Cornwall) military satellite earth station, 233, Corsham (Wiltshire) barrow, 77, 99 265 aircraft factory, 258 Bronze Age fieldsystem, 120 Collared Urns, see pottery combat art, 260 Bronze Age settlement, 119 Collaton (Devon) government war room, 264 Iron Age fieldsystem, 139 Mesolithic site, 53 military communications, 230, 265 Iron Age settlement, 129 Colliford (Cornwall) telephone exchange, 230 cider, 218, 220 barrow excavation, 77, 99 Warning and Monitoring Organisation, cinemas, 244 Bronze Age environment, 104, 113 265 (Gloucestershire) Early Medieval environment, 167 WW2 military storage, 259 amphitheatre, 173 Mesolithic site, 54 Cotehele (Cornwall) Anglo-Saxon churches, 182 Collingbourne Ducis (Wiltshire) Modern port, 228 civitas capital, 153 Anglo-Saxon cemetery, 176 Cotlake Hill (Somerset) Medieval town, 202 Early Medieval settlement, 172 Palaeolithic finds, 34 militia barracks, 248 Coln St Aldwyns (Gloucestershire) Cotswold-Severn tombs, 96, 100 post-Roman decline, 173 Roman town, 153 cotton, 235 provincial capital?, 158 Colyton (Devon) council estates, 220 Roman burials, 160 tanyard, 235 Cow Castle hillfort (Somerset), 135 Roman fort, 160 Combe Down (Bath and NE Somerset) Cow Cave (Devon) Roman temple, 159 stone mines, 234 Palaeolithic finds, 34 Roman town, 154 Combe Martin (Devon) Cowesfield Gate (Wiltshire) Roman villas, 152 Civil War mint, 215 Modern roadside settlement, 221 graves, 180, 183 Medieval mining, 202, 203 Craddock Moor, Garrow (Cornwall) civil defence, 4–7, 254, 258–259, 264–265 Roman mining, 155 Bronze Age settlement, 119 Clandon barrow (Dorset) Combs Ditch (Dorset), 177 Cranborne (Dorset) amber cup, 84 Combwich (Somerset) Anglo-Saxon monastery, 182 Bronze Age metalwork, 77 Roman port, 154 (Dorset) , 83 Come-to-Good (Cornwall) Bronze Age burials, 124 macehead, 87 Friends meeting house, 240 flint working, 86 Claydon Pike (Gloucestershire) Compact Farm (Dorset) Iron Age environment, 106 Iron Age environment, 107 Iron Age settlement, 132 Iron Age settlement, 132 Iron Age settlement, 131 (Somerset) lithic scatters, 82 Palaeolithic environment, 29 WW1 mule depot, 252 Mesolithic activity, 58, 76 Roman environment, 146 Compton castle (Devon), 206 Mesolithic environment, 47 Roman settlement, 152 (Wiltshire) Neolithic burials, 100 Cleeve Abbey (Somerset), 204 WW1 camp, 251 Neolithic environment, 67 Cleeve Cloud (Gloucestershire) Compton Dando (Bath and NE Neolithic house, 82, 83 hillfort, 135 Somerset) Neolithic monuments, 97 Clevedon (North Somerset) Roman brooch production, 157 Neolithic pits, 82

354 Index

Palaeolithic environment, 29 Darby, Abraham, 233 Devon Great Consols mine Crandon Bridge (Somerset) dark earth, 173 arsenic works, 235 Roman port, 154 Darkhill (Gloucestershire), Devonport (Devon) Crantock (Cornwall) 235 barracks, 248 Medieval church, 204 Dart, river (Devon) civic centre, 224 Medieval monastery, 204 Palaeolithic finds, 35 dockyard, 213, 245–248, 252 Crediton (Devon) Dartington (Devon) Modern expansion, 222 Anglo-Saxon church, 182 model hamlet, 220 new town, 221 Roman villa, 152 Dartmoor submarine maintenance, 262 Creswell Crags, 37 Bronze Age environment, 113 WW1 training, 250 Creswellian, 26, 36–40 Medieval environment, 192 Devoran (Cornwall) Crewkerne (Somerset) Dartmoor (Devon) tramway, 226 Bronze Age metalwork, 77 Bronze Age settlement, 119 Didmarton (Gloucestershire) Medieval town, 201 Early Medieval environment, 167 18th-century church interior, 240 Post-Medieval suburbs, 223 Iron Age environment, 113 Dimmer (Somerset) (Bristol) Medieval mining, 202 air defence magazine, 256 military training, 263 Medieval settlement, 197 Bronze Age settlement, 118 Crichel Down (Dorset) Mesolithic burning, 54 Dinna Clerks (Devon) barrow excavations, 99 Mesolithic environment, 46 Medieval desertion, 193 Beaker burials, 101 military training, 248, 250, 259, 263 Dinnington (Somerset) military training, 258 Neolithic environment, 69, 72 Roman villa, 152 Neolithic warfare, 93 reaves, 118, 120 Dinton (Wiltshire) Crickley Hill (Gloucestershire) Roman environment, 149 lithic scatters, 81 Early Medieval occupation, 174 stone monuments, 97 Dissolution of the monasteries, 238 hillfort, 135 Dartmouth (Devon) Ditches (Gloucestershire) Iron Age settlement, 130 18th-century defences, 246 early villa, 137 Neolithic enclosure, 79, 96 19th-century defences, 247 Iron Age mortuary practices, 142 Neolithic settlement, 83 Huguenot community, 238 oppidum, 137, 138 Neolithic warfare, 93 Medieval coast defence, 206 , 158 Crig-a-Mennis (Cornwall) Modern water supply, 241 coinage, 141 barrow excavation, 99 naval training, 258, 263 Doniford (Somerset) Croft Pascoe (Cornwall) Post-Medieval coast defence, 244 military training, 258, 263 Mesolithic site, 54 Davidstow Moor (Cornwall) Palaeolithic finds, 34, 39 Crofton (Wiltshire) barrow excavation, 99 Donyatt (Somerset) , 96 cup marks, 88 Medieval pottery, 203 Crooklets Beach (Cornwall) De Lank (Cornwall) Post-Medieval pottery, 214 Mesolithic environment, 40 Bronze Age environment, 113, 123 pottery trade with America, 238 Crown Hill, Medieval quarrying, 203 Dorchester (Dorset) air defences, 264 Dean Bottom (Wiltshire) barracks, 248 Crown Jewels, 254 Bronze Age livestock, 123 brewery, 219 Croyde Bay (Devon) Bronze Age metalwork finds, 122 Bronze Age burial, 124 beach flint from, 52 Dean Moor (Devon) Civil War defences, 245 Crypt Grammar School, Gloucester Bronze Age metalworking, 127 civitas capital, 153 Iron Age settlement, 130 Bronze Age settlement, 118 lack of Mesolithic activity, 76 Culdrose (Cornwall) Deanery Road (Bristol) lithic scatters, 80, 81 naval air station, 255 Mesolithic environment, 41 militia barracks, 248 Cullacott (Cornwall) Neolithic environment, 71, 72 post-Roman decline, 173 Medieval settlement, 197 decoy radio station, 232 Cullompton (Devon) bombing, 256 Roman burials, 160 Roman iron working, 155 duck, 218 Roman Christianity, 159 Culm, river (Devon) Deerhurst (Gloucestershire) Roman environment, 146 Palaeolithic finds, 35 Anglo-Saxon church, 182 Roman temple, 159 Culmhead (Somerset) excavations, 169 Roman town, 154, 158, 178 GCHQ, 262 Post-Medieval church interior, 240 Roman villas, 152 WW2 airfield, 255 Deerleap (Somerset) timber circle, 76, 97 Culverwell (Dorset) Medieval desertion, 193 Dorn (Gloucestershire) Mesolithic activity, 49, 58 Delabole (Cornwall) Roman ?town, 153 cup marks, 88, 121 Medieval quarrying, 203 Roman walls, 161 Curload (Somerset) Denbury (Devon) Dorset , 96 industrial settlement, 220 military training, 263 dating, 96 currency bars, 141 Desborough, John, 4 lithic scatters, 82 cursus, 95, 96 Devensian glaciation, 28 Mesolithic environment, 48 Deverel-Rimbury, see pottery Neolithic environment, 67, 73 D Devil’s Bed and Bolster (Somerset) Neolithic pits, 82 D-Day, 254, 259, 260 Mesolithic activity, 76 relationship to barrows, 96 Dainton (Devon) (Wiltshire) Doulting (Somerset) Bronze Age human remains, 126 barracks, 248 Medieval quarrying, 203 Bronze Age metalworking, 127 Civil War defences, 245 dovecotes, 218 Bronze Age settlement, 125 defence data centre, 233 Down Ampney (Gloucestershire) dairy industry, 219 ship-to-shore radio station, 232 Bronze Age hoard, 122 dance halls, 244 telephones, 230 Down Farm (Dorset)

355 The Archaeology of South West England

Bronze Age cereals, 123 E civitas capital, 153 Bronze Age human remains, 126 East Chisenbury (Wiltshire) Dane’s Castle, 206, 207 Bronze Age livestock, 123 Bronze Age human remains, 126 dark earth, 173 Bronze Age settlement, 118 Bronze Age midden, 126 Early Medieval cemetery, 173 Fir Tree Field, 82, 83 Early Iron Age pottery, 128 Early Medieval town, 173 Fir Tree Field shaft, 58, 67, 75 East Coker (Somerset) emergency government centre, 265 Neolithic faunal remains, 89 Anglo-Saxon church, 182 first English abbot, 171 Downberry (Cornwall) (Somerset) flood defences, 242 military research centre, 266 microwave tower, 231, 266 Huguenot community, 238 Downend (Somerset) East Moor (Cornwall) Jewish community, 238 Medieval town, 201 Bronze Age fieldsystem, 120 legionary fortress, 151, 160, 161 Downton (Wiltshire) Neolithic environment, 69 maltings, 219 Mesolithic site, 49, 57 East of Corfe River (Dorset) Medieval town, 199 Dozmary Pool (Cornwall) Bronze Age fieldsystem, 120 Medieval town walls, 206, 207 Modern expansion, 221, 222 Mesolithic environment, 45 Bronze Age settlement, 118 East Porth, Samson (Isles of Scilly) Modern port, 227, 228 Mesolithic site, 54 Bronze Age settlement, 118 Modern water supply, 241 Neolithic environment, 69 East Tytherton (Wiltshire) Palaeolithic finds, 35 Palaeolithic environment, 28, 29 Moravian settlement, 220, 240 Post-Medieval artefacts, 215 drainage East Week (Devon) Post-Medieval mint, 215 Post-Medieval, 217, 218, 242, 260 Mesolithic site, 53, 54 Post-Medieval planning, 223 Roman, 147, 151 Eastleach Turville (Gloucestershire) Post-Medieval pottery, 214, 215 drill halls, 248, 250, 263 Iron Age enclosures, 131 Post-Medieval rebuilding, 221 drugs, 91 Easton Down (Wiltshire) post-Roman decline, 173 Dryas, Younger, 25, 30, 36 flint mining, 85 post-war rebuilding, 222 duck decoys, 218 Mesolithic environment, 48 power station, 242 Duckpool (Cornwall) Neolithic house, 83 railway, 226 Early Medieval industrial site, 175 Easton Grey (Wiltshire) railway air defences, 260 Roman environment, 149 Roman ?town, 153 regional government HQ, 264 Dulverton (Somerset) Eastwood Manor (Somerset) ROC group HQ, 256, 265 housing estate, 220 model farm, 218 Roman burials, 160 Dumbleton (Gloucestershire) Eastwood Park (Gloucestershire) Roman environment, 148 Iron Age settlement, 130, 131 civil defence school, 264 Roman town, 154, 158 , 158, 169, 177, 178 (Somerset) Roman walls, 161 Dumpdon (Devon) Mesolithic sites, 50 Rougemont castle, 206 hillfort, 134 Eclipse track (Somerset), 109, 121 St Martin’s church, 182 Dunch Hill (Wiltshire) Eddystone lighthouse, 228 telephones, 230 Bronze Age settlement, 126 Edington (Somerset) Vikings, 177 Dundry (Somerset) Bronze Age hoard, 122 WW2 airfield, 255 Medieval quarrying, 203 Eldon’s Seat (Dorset) Exminster (Devon) Dunkeswell (Devon) Bronze Age settlement, 118, 125 radar station, 256 Medieval settlement, 198 Early Iron Age pottery, 128 Exmoor WW2 airfield, 255 Iron Age settlement, 132 Bronze Age environment, 114 Dunscombe (Devon) elm decline, 66, 71, 73 Bronze Age fieldsystems, 120 Medieval quarrying, 203 enclosure Bronze Age settlement, 119 Dunstan, 182 Post-Medieval, 217 Early Medieval environment, 167, 168 , 158, 178 Engine Common (South Gloucestershire) Early Medieval iron working, 175 burials, 143, 185 industrial settlement, 220 Iron Age environment, 110, 114 lack of Neolithic activity, 78 coinage, 141 English Bicknor castle (Gloucestershire), 206 lithic scatters, 81 pottery, 140, 158 entrance graves, 99 Medieval environment, 192 Durrington (Wiltshire) Evercreech (Somerset) Medieval mining, 202 flint mining, 85 creamery, 219 Mesolithic environment, 46–47 Iron Age environment, 106 Exe valley (Devon) military training, 258 Durrington 68 barrow (Wiltshire), 83 Mesolithic environment, 40, 41, 47 Neolithic environment, 69, 70 Durrington 7 barrow (Wiltshire), 101 Palaeolithic environment, 26, 28, 29 Roman environment, 149 Durrington Walls (Wiltshire) Palaeolithic finds, 35 Roman iron working, 155, 175 feasting debris, 89 Exebridge (Somerset) Roman military presence, 160 henge, 80, 83, 97 Mesolithic environment, 47 stone monuments, 95, 97 Mesolithic environment, 48 Neolithic environment, 70 Exmouth (Devon) Neolithic environment, 68 execution places, 243 19th-century defences, 247 Neolithic faunal remains, 89, 90 Exeter (Devon) Medieval town, 199 Neolithic house, 82 Anglo-Saxon monastery, 182 seaside resort, 221 Neolithic warfare, 93 barracks, 248 explosives manufacture, 237 relationship to river, 79, 91 bishop’s palace, 206 Eyford barrow (Gloucestershire) ritual animal slaughter, 90 burh, 198 shale beads, 87 timber circle, 82, 95 canal, 225 Dymock (Gloucestershire) catacombs, 243 F Roman town, 153 cathedral, 182 faience, 87 (South Gloucestershire) Civil War defences, 245 Fairford (Gloucestershire) battle of, 170, 171 Civil War mint, 215 Iron Age settlement, 131

356 Index

US airfield, 262 Medieval mining, 202 excavations, 152 Fairmile (Devon) Mesolithic sites, 56 Roman walls, 161 radio counter measures site, 231 Post-Medieval iron working, 234, 235 Gaverigan (Cornwall) Falmouth (Cornwall) Roman coal working, 155 barrow excavation, 99 18th-century defences, 246 Roman iron working, 155 Early Medieval environment, 167 19th-century defences, 247 Roman querns, 156 Gawton Mine (Devon) air defences, 256 timber production, 235 arsenic works, 235 gas works, 242 tramways, 226 GCHQ Jewish community, 238 Forest Steelworks (Gloucestershire), 235 Cheltenham, 233, 262 Modern port, 228 Forrabury (Cornwall) Culmhead, 233 naval base, 247 Medieval parish, 203 Morwenstow, 262 new town, 221 Forrabury Stitches (Cornwall) Gear (Cornwall) seaplane station, 253 Medieval field systems, 197 Iron Age fieldsystem, 138 shipyards, 236 Forty Acre Field (Gloucestershire) possible oppidum, 137 submarine cable station, 252 Palaeolithic finds, 34, 36, 39 Giant’s Castle, St Mary’s (Isles of Scilly) telephones, 230 (Wiltshire) promontory fort, 134 Farleigh Hungerford castle (Somerset), chalk badge carvings, 253 gibbets, 243 206 war graves, 253 Gildas, 170, 176, 177, 179, 180 farm buildings, 218 WW1 camp, 251 Gilder’s Paddock (Gloucestershire) Farway Broad Down barrow (Devon), 87 WW1 railway, 252 Iron Age pottery, 140 Fayle’s Tramway (Dorset), 226 (Cornwall) Iron Age settlement, 131 Federmesser, 39 18th-century battery, 247 Gillingham (Dorset) Felton (North Somerset) Medieval port, 198 dairying, 219 Mesolithic site, 50 Medieval town, 198 Early Medieval iron working, 175 Fernworthy (Devon) Post-Medieval coast defence, 244 gin, 220 Mesolithic site, 53 town walls, 198 Gingerlands (Devon) ferries, 224 Foxbridge Farm (Wiltshire) Roman iron working, 155 fibre optics, 231 Mesolithic site, 57 glaciation, 28, 34 field systems Foxley (Wiltshire) Glasney (Cornwall) Bronze Age, 70, 113, 114, 117, 118, Early Medieval elite site, 174, 178 Medieval monastery, 204 120, 125 Frampton (Dorset) glass Iron Age, 129, 130, 138, 139 Roman villa, 159 bottle manufacture, 220 Medieval, 195–197 Freeman’s Farm (North Somerset) Bronze Age, 127 Post-Medieval, 217 Mesolithic site, 50 Early Medieval, 174, 175, 179 Fifield Bavant (Wiltshire) Friendly Societies, 238 industry, 236 Iron Age settlement, 132 Frocester (Gloucestershire) Iron Age, 133 (South Gloucestershire) Early Medieval occupation, 172 Glastonbury (Somerset) aircraft factory, 237, 252, 258 excavations, 169 Abbey, 204, 238 airfield, 228 Iron Age mortuary practices, 142, 143 Abbey canals, 202 Early Medieval cemetery, 183 Iron Age settlement, 130, 131 Abbey estates, 196 post-war planning, 224 Mesolithic site, 56 Anglo-Saxon monastery, 180, 182 Fir Tree Field shaft, see Down Farm Roman burials, 160 early charters, 171 fire stations, 243 Roman villa, 152 Early Medieval glass, 175 fire-service Frome (Somerset) Early Medieval origins, 180 training, 264 buildings surveyed, 222 Early Medieval pottery, 175 fish traps, 133, 175, 219 Medieval town, 201 Early Medieval town, 174 fishing Post-Medieval suburbs, 223 garden city, 221 inland, 91, 218 Roman ?temple, 159 Gildas, 170 sea, 42, 91, 123, 175, 197, 198, 203, telephones, 230 industrial growth, 237 219, 229 Trinity area, 221 Medieval tanning, 203 Five Fords (Devon) fuller’s earth, 235 Medieval town, 201 Palaeolithic environment, 26 fulling mills, 235 monastic reform, 182 Flagstones (Dorset) furniture Neolithic environment, 70 Bronze Age environment, 106 Post-Medieval, 215 Street causeway, 180 chalk carvings, 88 Fussell’s Lodge barrow (Wiltshire) Tor, 182 dating, 76 dating, 76 Glastonbury Lake Village (Somerset) Neolithic enclosure, 97 excavations, 96 house orientation, 138 Neolithic environment, 67 Neolithic burials, 100 Iron Age environment, 109 flax, 235 Neolithic faunal remains, 89 Iron Age mortuary practices, 142 Fleet (Dorset) Neolithic warfare, 93 Iron Age pottery, 140 Mesolithic site, 58 Fyfield (Wiltshire) Iron Age settlement, 132, 133 Foage (Cornwall) Wansdyke, 186 Glastonbury Ware, see pottery Iron Age fieldsystem, 138 Gloucester Foale’s Arrishes (Devon) G 19th-century defences, 246, 247 Iron Age settlement, 130 garden cities, 221 air defences, 256 fogous, 129, 130 Garrison Walls (Isles of Scilly) canal, 225 Font Robert points, 36, 38, 39 18th-century defences, 246 castle, 205, 206 Food Vessels, see pottery barracks, 248 churchyard burials, 185 football, 244 Garrow (Cornwall) Civil War defences, 245 (Gloucestershire) Iron Age settlement, 139 colonia, 153, 154 lithic scatters, 81 Gatcombe (North Somerset) dark earth, 173

357 The Archaeology of South West England

docks, 225 Roman villa, 152 Medieval settlement, 197 Iron Age settlement, 130 Great Hill (Somerset) Halberton (Devon) Kingsholm burials, 173 Bronze Age fieldsystem, 120 Palaeolithic finds, 35 legionary fortress, 151, 160, 161 Great Larkhill Farm (Gloucestershire) Haldane reforms, 250 Medieval town, 201 Mesolithic site, 56 Haldon (Dorset) Medieval town walls, 206 Great Rissington (Gloucestershire) Neolithic house, 82 Modern expansion, 221 Palaeolithic environment, 30 Hall End (Gloucestershire) post-Roman decline, 173 Great Torrington (Devon) Roman ?town, 153 power station, 242 Post-Medieval pottery, 214 Hallen (Bristol) provincial capital?, 158 , 226 Iron Age environment, 110 Roman burials, 160 WW1 coal transport, 252 Iron Age settlement, 133 Roman pottery production, 157 WW2 track changes, 260 Halscombe Allotment (Somerset) Roman settlements, 152 Great Witcombe (Gloucestershire) Mesolithic environment, 47 Roman temple, 159 Roman villa, 152 Halse (Somerset) Roman walls, 161 Greylake (Somerset) maltings, 219 St Oswald, 169, 182, 202 Bronze Age human remains, 126 Halsetown (Cornwall) St Peter, 182 Bronze Age metalwork, 127 industrial settlement, 220 St Mary de Lode, 173 Mesolithic site, 51 Halstock (Dorset) telephones, 230 Grimspound (Devon) Iron Age settlement, 132 Vikings, 177 Bronze Age settlement, 118 Roman villa, 152 glovemaking, 236 , see pottery Halwell (Devon) glue manufacture, 236 Grossklinge , 40 microwave tower, 231, 266 Godingston Hill (Dorset) Groundwell Farm (Wiltshire) Halwill Junction (Devon) military communications, 231 Iron Age settlement, 132 railway settlement, 221 Godolphin Hill (Cornwall) Groundwell Ridge (Wiltshire) Ham Green (Bristol) Medieval mining, 202 Roman temple, 159 Medieval pottery, 203 Godrevy (Cornwall) Roman villa, 152 Palaeolithic finds, 34 Mesolithic sites, 54 Groundwell West (Wiltshire) Ham Hill (Somerset) Golant (Cornwall) Iron Age settlement, 132 Bronze Age finds, 118 Medieval harbour, 198 (Gloucestershire) hillfort, 134, 135 Gold Park (Devon) Iron Age mortuary practices, 143 lithic scatters, 81 Iron Age fieldsystems, 130 Iron Age settlement, 131 Medieval quarrying, 203 Iron Age settlement, 130, 139 gunpowder manufacture, 237 Roman military presence, 160 Golden hillfort (Cornwall), 134 Guns Mill (Gloucestershire) Roman quarrying, 155 goldwork iron works, 235 Ham Walls (Somerset) Bronze Age, 84, 85, 122, 127 Gunwalloe (Cornwall) Mesolithic environment, 43, 45 Post-Medieval, 215 Bronze Age faunal remains, 90 (Dorset) Goodrington (Devon) Gussage All Saints (Dorset) early domesticates, 89 atmospheric railway, 228 Early Iron Age pottery, 128 henge, 80 Goonhilly (Cornwall) Iron Age livestock, 140 hillfort, 136 satellite earth station, 233 Iron Age metalworking, 141 Neolithic dietary evidence, 88 Gordano (North Somerset) Iron Age settlement, 131, 132 Neolithic drugs, 91 Mesolithic environment, 40, 41 Gussage Cow Down (Dorset) Neolithic enclosure, 79, 96 Neolithic environment, 72 Iron Age enclosures, 132 Neolithic environment, 67, 68 Palaeolithic environment, 29 Gwennap Pit (Cornwall), 239 Neolithic floral remains, 90 Gorsey Bigbury (Somerset) Gwithian (Cornwall) Neolithic lithic scatters, 81 Beaker pottery, 83 Bronze Age cultivation, 78 Neolithic mortuary practice, 100 Mesolithic activity, 76 Bronze Age fishing, 91, 123 Neolithic pits, 82 Gough’s Cave (Somerset) Bronze Age livestock, 123 Neolithic pottery, 94 Bronze Age finds, 118 Bronze Age metalworking, 122 Neolithic settlement, 83 cannibalism, 37 Bronze Age pottery, 121 Neolithic warfare, 93 Mesolithic human remains, 49, 51 Bronze Age saltmaking, 124 radiocarbon dates, 76, 95 Mesolithic site, 50, 51 Bronze Age settlement, 119, 120 Hamworthy (Dorset) Palaeolithic art, 37 Bronze Age shale working, 87, 123 Roman fort, 151, 160 Palaeolithic dates, 26 Early Medieval occupation, 171 Roman port, 154 Palaeolithic finds, 36, 37, 39 Early Medieval pottery, 175 seaplane station, 255 Gourt Mires (Devon) Mesolithic sites, 54, 55 Handley (Dorset) Early Medieval environment, 167 Neolithic house, 83 Neolithic round barrows, 97, 100 Iron Age environment, 110 Neolithic middens, 80 Handley Down (Dorset) Mesolithic environment, 47 Palaeolithic finds, 39 Neolithic environment, 67 government Handley Hill (Dorset) local, 3, 7 H Neolithic human remains, 100 regional, 4–7 Haccombe (Devon) Handsford Farm (Devon) Grampound (Cornwall) Palaeolithic finds, 35 Mesolithic site, 54 Medieval town, 198 Hailes (Gloucestershire) Mount (Cornwall), 239 tanyard, 235 Post-Medieval church interior, 240 Hardington Mandeville (Somerset) Grand Weston Canal, 226 Hailes-Stanway (Gloucestershire) Medieval tanning, 203 Gravel Banks (Bristol) Iron Age settlement, 131 Harlyn Bay (Cornwall) Mesolithic environment, 40, 42 Hailey Wood (Gloucestershire) Bronze Age goldwork, 77, 85 , 36, 38, 39 Iron Age shrine, 142 Iron Age cemetery, 143 Great Bedwyn (Wiltshire) Halbathick (Cornwall) Iron Age shrine, 142

358 Index

Harnham (Wiltshire) Modern water supply, 241 Holcombe (Somerset) Early Medieval cemetery, 176 Henbury (Bristol) Medieval mining, 203 Palaeolithic environment, 26, 27 gravestone of Scipio Africanus, 240 Holm Hill (Gloucestershire) Palaeolithic finds, 31, 33 Iron Age mortuary practices, 143 Early Medieval elite site, 175 Harpford (Devon) Hendford Hill, Yeovil (Somerset) Holne Moor (Devon) Palaeolithic finds, 35 Bronze Age burial, 126 Bronze Age settlement, 118 Harry’s Walls (Isles of Scilly), 244 , 97 Medieval settlement, 196 Harter’s Hill (Somerset) (Dorset), 151 Holton Heath (Dorset) Bronze Age boundary, 120 19th-century mining, 234 air defences, 256 Hatfield Barrow (Wiltshire), 97 Early Iron Age pottery, 128 explosives factory, 252 Hatherop (Gloucestershire) Iron Age glassworking, 141 Holwell Castle (Devon), 206 model hamlet, 220 Iron Age settlement, 131, 132 Honeycombe Hill (Somerset) Hatherop Castle (Gloucestershire) Iron Age trade, 137 Bronze Age fieldsystem, 120 Palaeolithic finds, 39 Mesolithic site, 49, 58 Honiton (Devon) Hawkcombe Head (Somerset) oppidum, 137 barracks, 248 Mesolithic site, 52, 54 Palaeolithic finds, 23, 36, 37, 39, 40 interglacial environment, 28 Hawkesbury (South Gloucestershire) Henley Wood (North Somerset) Pomeroy Wood Roman site, 153 Roman villa, 152 Early Medieval burials, 183 Hope Cove (Devon) shell-tempered pottery, 175 excavations, 169 regional government HQ, 5, 7, 264 Hawkins Battery (Cornwall), 248 Roman burials, 160 Horn Hill (Dorset) Hawks Tor (Cornwall) Roman temple, 159 turnpike tunnel, 224 Mesolithic environment, 40, 45 Henstridge (Somerset) Horslip barrow (Wiltshire) Palaeolithic environment, 29 naval air station, 255 excavations, 96 Hawling, The Waste (Gloucestershire) High Nash, Coleford (Gloucestershire) location, 79 Neolithic , 97 Iron Age burial, 143 Horton (Dorset) Hay Wood Cave (North Somerset) High Peak (Devon) Anglo-Saxon monastery, 182 Mesolithic site, 50 Early Medieval occupation, 186 Horton (South Gloucestershire) Hayes Farm (Devon) Highcliffe (Wiltshire) Roman villa, 152 Early Medieval occupation, 170, 172 Iron Age settlement, 132 hospitals, 243 Works (Cornwall), 236 Higher Moors (Isles of Scilly) Houndtor (Devon) Hayne Lane (Devon) Mesolithic environment, 41 Medieval desertion, 193 Bronze Age grain storage, 123 Neolithic environment, 72 housing estates, 220 Bronze Age pottery, 121, 126 Higher Spreacombe (Devon) Hucclecote (Gloucestershire) Bronze Age settlement, 118, 119, 126 Mesolithic site, 53 Iron Age settlement, 130 Haytor tramway, 226 Higher Town Beach (Isles of Scilly) Roman burials, 160 Hazard Hill (Devon) Neolithic environment, 72 Hugh Town (Isles of Scilly) Neolithic occupation, 77 Highgate (Cornwall) Roman altar, 159 Hazleton North barrow Bronze Age faunal remains, 90 Hugh, The (Isles of Scilly) (Gloucestershire) Bronze Age ritual enclosure, 121 16th-century defences, 244 dating, 76 excavations, 99 Huguenots, 238 Mesolithic environment, 56 hill-slope enclosures, 134 Huntsman’s Quarry (Gloucestershire) Mesolithic lithics, 76, 79 hill-top enclosures, 134, 135 Bronze Age human remains, 126 Mesolithic site, 49, 56 , 126, 128, 129, 131, 133–135, 137 Hurlers, The (Cornwall) Neolithic burials, 100 Hills Flats (Gloucestershire) stone circle, 97 Neolithic dietary evidence, 88 Mesolithic site, 57 Hurlstone Point (Somerset) Neolithic environment, 68, 73 Hinton St George (Somerset) Mesolithic site, 52 Neolithic faunal remains, 89 model hamlet, 220 Hutholes (Devon) Neolithic house, 82 Poulett vault, 240 Medieval desertion, 193 health boards, 241 Roman villa, 152 Hutton (North Somerset) Heath Poult Cross (Somerset) Hinton St Mary (Dorset) Mesolithic site, 50 microwave tower, 231, 266 LNEBA pit circle, 95 Hutton Cavern (North Somerset) Helling’s Park (Devon) Roman Christianity, 159 Palaeolithic dates, 26 Bronze Age environment, 111 Hoar Moor (Somerset) Hwicce, 171, 177, 178 environmental data, 47 Bronze Age clearance, 120 Hyaena Den (Somerset) Helman Tor (Cornwall) Bronze Age environment, 114 Palaeolithic dates, 26 Neolithic dates, 77 Bronze Age fieldsystem, 120 Palaeolithic finds, 31, 34, 36, 38 Neolithic enclosure, 78, 95 Early Medieval environment, 167, 168 Neolithic house, 82 Mesolithic environment, 46, 47 I (Cornwall) Neolithic environment, 69, 70 Iford (Bath and NE Somerset) Medieval town, 198 (Dorset) Roman villa, 152 naval research centre, 266 hillfort, 135, 136 Ilchester (Somerset) Hembury (Devon), 94 Iron Age house, 138 civitas capital, 153 hillfort, 134 Roman fort, 160 Medieval town, 173, 201 Neolithic enclosure, 79 Roman military presence, 137 possible oppidum, 137 Neolithic house, 82 Hog Cliff Hill (Dorset) post-Roman decline, 173 Roman military presence, 137, 160 Bronze Age settlement, 119, 126 Roman burials, 160, 173 hemp, 235 hillfort, 135 Roman environment, 148 Hemp Knoll (Wiltshire) Iron Age hill-top enclosure, 134 Roman pottery production, 157 Neolithic faunal remains, 89 Holcombe (Devon) Roman town, 154, 158, 178 Neolithic pits, 82 Iron Age mirror, 141 Roman villas, 152 Hemyock (Devon) Iron Age settlement, 130 Ilfracombe (Devon)

359 The Archaeology of South West England

19th-century battery, 247 tramway, 226 Roman fort, 151, 160 Sailors’ Institute, 228 Kibbear (Somerset) Lambert’s Castle (Devon) Ilminster (Somerset) Palaeolithic finds, 34 telegraph station, 229 Medieval town, 201 Kilkhampton (Cornwall) lames mâchurées, 36 WW2 telephone industry, 258 Medieval town, 198 Lammana (Cornwall) Imber (Wiltshire) Killibury (Cornwall) Medieval monastery, 204 forced desertion, 221 Bronze Age settlement, 125 Lamyatt Beacon (Somerset) military training, 258 hillfort, 134 Roman burials, 160, 183 industrial settlements, 220 Kilmington (Devon) Roman Christianity, 159, 180 Ine, 170, 176, 182 Palaeolithic finds, 35 Roman temple, 159 Instow (Devon) Kilve (Somerset) Landewednack (Cornwall) military training, 259 oil industry, 235 Palaeolithic finds, 35 (South Gloucestershire) Kimmeridge shale, 87, 122, 127 Langland Lane (Devon) Early Medieval town, 174 King Barrow Ridge (Wiltshire) Iron Age settlement, 130 Medieval mining, 202 chalk carvings, 87 Langley’s Lane (Somerset) iron mining, see mining Neolithic faunal remains, 89 Mesolithic faunal remains, 49 Isles of Scilly, 28, 29, 40 Neolithic house, 83 Mesolithic site, 51 18th-century defences, 246 residual material, 81 Langport (Somerset) 19th-century defences, 247 King Charles’s Castle (Isles of Scilly), 244 burh, 201 Bronze Age settlement, 118 Kings Beeches (Gloucestershire) masonic lodge, 241 endemic fauna, 27 Iron Age settlement, 130 Post-Medieval suburbs, 223 glaciation, 28 Kings Park (Dorset) Lanhill barrow (Wiltshire), 100 Iron Age environment, 111 Palaeolithic finds, 33 Lanprobi, 181 Medieval settlement, 197 Kings Weston (Bristol) Lansdown (Bath and NE Somerset) Mesolithic environment, 41 Iron Age hill-top enclosure, 135 air defences, 264 Mesolithic sites, 55 Kingscote (Gloucestershire) Lantokai, 180 Neolithic environment, 72 Mesolithic site, 56 Larkhill (Wiltshire) Neolithic middens, 80 Roman site, 152, 154 military aviation, 253 promontory forts, 134 Kingsholm (Gloucestershire) military research centre, 266 sea level change, 27, 63 Early Medieval burial, 173 military training, 263 Iwerne Minster (Dorset) Early Medieval elite site, 174 Last Glacial Maximum, 24, 25, 27, 28, 35, Mesolithic site, 58 legionary fortress, 160 36, 38, 39 Roman pottery production, 157 Latch Farm (Dorset) J Kingsteignton (Devon) Bronze Age burials, 124 Jerzmanowice, 36, 38 Medieval town, 199 Latton (Gloucestershire) jet, 77, 87, 100 Palaeolithic finds, 35 Iron Age environment, 107 Jewish communities, 238 Kingston Deverill G1 barrow (Wiltshire) Launceston (Cornwall) Jordan’s Hill (Dorset) excavations, 96 castle, 205 Roman temple, 159 Kingswear (Devon) deer park, 206 WW2 coast battery, 257 Medieval monastery, 204 K Kingswood (South Gloucestershire) Medieval town, 198 Kemble (Gloucestershire) links to South Wales, 237 Medieval town walls, 198, 206 Iron Age mortuary practices, 143 model settlement, 220 St Leonard’s leper hospital, 204 V-bomber base, 262 non-conformist chapels, 239 WW2 railway, 260 Kenidjack, Gillan (Cornwall) Kitley (Devon) Launceston Down (Dorset) Bronze copper ingots, 127 later prehistoric dates, 78 barrow excavations, 99 Kenn (Devon) Knap Hill (Wiltshire) lead mining, see mining Early Medieval burials, 183 Neolithic enclosure, 79, 96 lead working, 236 Kenn (North Somerset) Knighton (Wiltshire) leather Roman environment, 147 Mesolithic site, 57 Bronze Age, 122, 126 Kennack Sands (Cornwall) Knighton Heath (Dorset) Palaeolithic, 37 submarine cable station, 230 Bronze Age burials, 124 Post-Medieval, 215, 216, 220, 235, 236 Kennerland (Devon) Knights Templar, 204 (Gloucestershire), see also Iron Age environment, 111 Knook 5 barrow (Wiltshire), 100 Butlers Field, Loders, Medieval environment, 191 Knowlton (Dorset) Memorial Hall, Roughground , 226 Bronze Age carvings, 88 Farm, Sherborne House ’s Cavern (Devon), 23 Christianisation of pagan site, 181 cursus, 96 Iron Age metalworking, 133 Neolithic enclosures, 79 Iron Age pit alignments, 139 Palaeolithic dates, 26 Neolithic mound, 97 Iron Age segmented ditches, 139 Palaeolithic finds, 31, 34–39 Neolithic shafts, 97 Leckhampton (Gloucestershire) Palaeolithic human remains, 36 Knowstone Moor (Devon) Bronze Age metalworking, 127 Kestor (Devon) Early Medieval environment, 165 hillfort, 135 Iron Age fieldsystems, 130 Kynance Gate (Cornwall) Leigh Barton (Devon) Iron Age settlement, 130, 139 Bronze Age settlement, 118, 119 Medieval environment, 191 Keyham (Devon) Leighterton (Gloucestershire) naval powder magazines, 246 L military aviation, 253 Keynsham (Bath and NE Somerset) Lake (Wiltshire) Lentney Battery (Devon), 249, 253 air defence magazine, 256 Early Medieval burial, 183 Leonard Stanley (Gloucestershire) Anglo-Saxon sculpture, 182 Lake Down (Wiltshire) Mesolithic site, 56 chocolate factory, 219, 222 military aviation, 253 Leskernick (Cornwall) Roman town, 153 Lake Farm (Dorset) Bronze Age settlement, 117, 119, 120

360 Index

propped stone, 78 model farm, 218 M stone circle, 97 Longstone Hill, Kilve (Somerset) Maen Castle (Cornwall) Lesnewth (Cornwall) cup mark, 88 Bronze Age fieldsystem, 120 Medieval settlement, 197 Looe (Cornwall) Bronze Age settlement, 125 Lesser Cursus (Wiltshire), 96 18th-century battery, 247 Iron Age fieldsystem, 138 libraries, 243 Medieval town, 198 promontory fort, 134 Lidbury Camp (Wiltshire) Lopen (Somerset) Maesbury (Somerset) hillfort, 132, 136 Roman villa, 152 hillfort, 135 lighthouses, 228 (Cornwall) , 36 Lillies Field (Gloucestershire) Medieval port, 198 Magonsaete, 171 Palaeolithic finds, 34, 39 Medieval pottery, 203 Magor (Cornwall) Lilstock (Somerset) Medieval town, 198 Roman villa, 155 military training, 258, 263 Loughwood meeting-house (Devon), 240 Maiden Castle (Dorset) limekilns, 218, 235, 237 Lousey Barrow (Cornwall), 101 bank barrow, 96 limpet scoops, 54 Lowbands (Gloucestershire) Beaker cultivation, 78 Liskeard (Cornwall) early domesticates, 88, 89 model settlement, 220 Bronze Age enclosure, 99 Early Iron Age pottery, 128 Lower Chitterley (Devon) Medieval town, 198 excavations, 135 Mesolithic environment, 47 Liskeard and Looe Union Canal hillfort, 134, 136 Neolithic environment, 70 (Cornwall), 226 Iron Age dairying, 140 Palaeolithic environment, 29 Little Rissington (Gloucestershire) Iron Age settlement, 131 military training, 263 Lower Court Farm (North Somerset) Iron Age shrine, 142 US forces hospital, 262 Mesolithic site, 50 Neolithic dating, 76 Little Solsbury (Gloucestershire) Lower Slaughter (Gloucestershire) Neolithic enclosure, 79 Iron Age mortuary practices, 142 Roman temple, 159 Neolithic environment, 67, 73 Little Tom’s Hill (Somerset) Lower Weare (Somerset) Neolithic flint working, 86 Bronze Age fieldsystem, 120 Medieval town, 201 Neolithic pits, 82 Little Woodbury (Wiltshire) Lower Wilton Farm (Somerset) Neolithic pottery, 93 Iron Age settlement, 132 Bronze Age settlement, 118 Neolithic settlement, 83 Littlecote (Wiltshire) Ludgershall (Wiltshire) Roman military presence, 137, 160 Roman villa, 159 military depot, 263 Roman temple, 159 Lizard (Cornwall) Lulworth (Dorset) Maker Heights (Cornwall) Iron Age environment, 112 military training, 258, 263, 266 barracks, 248 lighthouse, 228 Lundy defences, 247 Mesolithic sites, 54 Civil War defences, 245 Malmesbury (Wiltshire) Neolithic environment, 70 Civil War mint, 215 Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, compiled at, Palaeolithic finds, 39 Early Medieval burials, 183 170 ship-to-shore radio station, 232 Early Medieval pottery, 179 Anglo-Saxon church, 182 local government, see government Early Medieval stones, 183 early charters, 171 localisation depots, 248 excavations, 169 hillfort, 136 Loch Lomond stadial, 25, 29, 30, 36 saltmaking, 127, 156 Iron Age environment, 107 Locking (North Somerset) Vikings, 177 monastery, 174, 178, 181, 182 Cold War military HQ, 264 lunulae, 77 Roman villa, 152 military training, 263 Lydford (Devon) maltings, 218, 219 Loders (Gloucestershire) burh, 186, 198 Malvern Ware, see pottery Iron Age settlement, 130 castle, 205 Mangotsfield (South Gloucestershire) Neolithic faunal remains, 90 WW2 railway, 260 Roman iron working, 155 and South Western Railway, 226 Lydney (Gloucestershire) Marsh (Cornwall) Long Ashton (North Somerset) hillfort, 135 Mesolithic environment, 41 Neolithic environment, 70 Mesolithic site, 50 Roman iron working, 155 long barrows, see barrows Roman environment, 149 Roman temple, 159 Long Breach (Devon) Marden (Wiltshire) Lyme Bay, 28 Early Medieval environment, 167 henge, 97 Lyme Regis (Dorset) Mesolithic environment, 47 Neolithic faunal remains, 90 18th-century battery, 247 Long Bredy (Dorset) Neolithic mound, 97 cement works, 235 bank barrow, 96 relationship to river, 79 gasworks, 221 Long Hole (Somerset) Market Lavington (Wiltshire) rock art, 51 Modern port, 227 Anglo-Saxon cemetery, 176, 184 Long Newton (Gloucestershire) seaside resort, 224 Early Medieval environment, 164 Mesolithic site, 56 Lynches (Gloucestershire) Early Medieval settlement, 172 Long Range (Devon) Iron Age mortuary practices, 143 Iron Age environment, 106 Iron Age settlement, 130 Lyneham (Wiltshire) markets, covered, 220 Long Sutton (Somerset) Modern military airfield, 266 Markham Lane, Exeter (Devon) Friends meeting house, 240 V-bomber base, 262 Bronze Age ring ditch, 124 Longbridge Deverill Cow Down Lyng (Somerset) Marlborough (Wiltshire) (Wiltshire) burh, 201 Roman temple, 159 Iron Age house, 138 Lynton (Devon) Marlborough Downs (Wiltshire) Iron Age settlement, 132 picturesque housing, 221 Bronze Age fieldsystems, 120 Longford (Gloucestershire) railway, 226 Marldon (Devon) Iron Age settlement, 131 Lysaght (Bristol) Neolithic occupation, 77 Longleat (Wiltshire) galvanising works, 236 Marshfield (South Gloucestershire)

361 The Archaeology of South West England

Hop House 19th-century water milestones, 225 Moreton (Dorset) supply, 241 Milford Hill (Wiltshire) naval airship station, 253 Martin Down barrow (Dorset) Palaeolithic finds, 31, 33 Palaeolithic finds, 33 relationship to cursus, 96 militia, 243, 248 Moreton-in-Marsh (Gloucestershire) Martinhoe (Devon) Millbarrow (Wiltshire), 96 fire-service school, 264 Roman fort, 160 Millbrook (Cornwall) mortuary enclosures, 95, 96 match production, 237 Medieval harbour, 198 mortuary houses, 101 Maumbury Rings (Dorset) mills Morvah (Cornwall) chalk carvings, 87 fulling, 203, 235 Bronze Age goldwork, 122 Civil War defences, 245 grain, 219 Morwellham Quay (Devon), 228 Neolithic shafts, 97 tide, 219 Morwenstow (Cornwall) Mawgan Porth (Cornwall) water, 175, 219 Medieval church, 204 Early Medieval settlement, 173 wind, 219 US/GCHQ site, 262 Meare (Somerset) Milton Abbas (Dorset) Moshayne (Devon) Iron Age environment, 109 18th-century desertion, 221 Bronze Age environment, 111 Iron Age glassworking, 141 Milton Lilbourne (Wiltshire) Mothecombe (Devon) Iron Age pottery, 140 barrow excavations, 99 Early Medieval environment, 165 Iron Age settlement, 133 residual material, 81 Early Medieval pottery, 175, 179 Medieval fish house, 204 Milverton (Somerset) motor industry, 237 Meare Heath (Somerset) Bronze Age metalwork, 77 motorways, 225 Bronze Age trackway, 121 lithic scatters, 81 Mount Batten, Plymouth Iron Age environment, 109 Medieval town, 201 ancient Ictis?, 137 Mesolithic environment, 43, 44 Minchinhampton (Gloucestershire) Bronze Age metalworking, 127 Neolithic environment, 71 military aviation, 253 Bronze Age settlement, 125 meeting houses, 239 possible oppidum, 138 Bronze Age trade, 137 Melbury Bubb (Dorset) Minchinton (Dorset) Iron Age trade, 137 Anglo-Saxon font, 182 Roman villa, 152 oppidum, 137 Membury (Devon) Minehead (Somerset), see also North Hill Roman port, 154 Medieval pottery, 203 Mesolithic environment, 40, 42, 44–47 seaplane station, 253, 255 Medieval settlement, 198 Neolithic environment, 70 Mount Pleasant (Dorset) Memorial Hall (Gloucestershire) submerged Mesolithic site, 52 Bronze Age metalwork, 77 Iron Age pit alignments, 139 telephones, 230 chalk carvings, 87 Mendip Lodge Wood, (Somerset) mining dating, 76 Bronze Age burials, 124 arsenic, 235 henge, 80, 83, 97 Mendip television transmitter, see coal, 155, 203, 234 Neolithic environment, 68 Merchant’s Railway (Dorset), 226 copper, 86, 122, 202, 234 Neolithic faunal remains, 89, 90 Mercia, 171, 178, 186 flint, 85 Neolithic mound, 97 Merifield (Cornwall) fuller’s earth, 235 Neolithic palisade, 93, 97 naval airship station, 253 gold, 86 Mount Wise, Plymouth Merrivale (Devon) iron, 141, 155, 202, 234, 237 Cold War naval HQ, 262 Early Medieval environment, 167 lead, 86, 154 Redoubt, 246 Merryfield (Somerset) pollution, 87, 147 telegraph station, 229 military airfield, 259 silver, 202, 203 Mount’s Bay (Cornwall) Metha (Cornwall) tin, 86, 122, 155, 193, 202, 234 19th-century battery, 247 Bronze Age dates, 77 Minster (Cornwall) Neolithic environment, 70 Mevagissey (Cornwall) Medieval church, 204 Mousehole (Cornwall) 18th-century battery, 247 Medieval monastery, 204 Medieval port, 198 microwave telephony, 231 minsters, 174, 181, 182 Muchelney Abbey (Somerset), 182, 204 middens, 80, 81, 126 , 141, 143 Mulfra Quoit (Cornwall) Middle Farm, Dorchester (Dorset) Mitchell (Cornwall) location, 79 Beaker cultivation, 78 Medieval town, 198 Muller Orphan Houses (Bristol), 243 Bronze Age fieldsystem, 120 mobile phones, 232 Mullion (Cornwall) Bronze Age settlement, 118 Modbury (Devon) naval airship station, 253 Neolithic environment, 67 barracks, 248 music hall, 244 Middle Farm, Dorchester bypass (Dorset) model farms, 218 Musnet, David, 235 Bronze Age burial, 124 model settlements, 220 mustard-gas factory, 252 Bronze Age livestock, 123 molasses, 235 Mutter’s Moor (Devon) Bronze Age settlement, 118 Molland Common (Devon) Mesolithic site, 53 Middlebere Quay (Dorset) Early Medieval environment, 167 Mylor (Cornwall) 19th-century port, 226 Monks Park (Wiltshire) naval base, 246 Middlezoy (Somerset) WW2 military storage, 259 Mesolithic site, 51 Monkton Deverill (Wiltshire) N Midland Railway, 226 Early Medieval burials, 184 Nailsea (North Somerset) Milber Down (Devon) Monkton Farleigh (Wiltshire) glassworks, 236 Iron Age settlement, 130 WW2 military storage, 259 Medieval field patterns, 196 Milborne Port (Somerset) Monkton Up Wimborne (Dorset) Nancekuke (Cornwall) Anglo-Saxon church, 182 chalk carvings, 87 chemical weapons, 266 Medieval town, 201 Neolithic burials, 92, 93, 100 Nanstallon (Cornwall) Mildenhall (Wiltshire) pit henge, 95, 97 Roman fort, 155, 160 Roman pottery production, 157 Moordown (Dorset) naptha works, 235 Roman town, 153, 154, 161 Palaeolithic finds, 33 National Fire Service, 258

362 Index

Neanderthals, 36, 38 rotunda grave, 96 Roman temple, 159 Nedge Cop (Gloucestershire) shale beads, 87 Paignton (Devon) Mesolithic site, 56 Nothe Fort (Dorset), 247 bishop’s palace, 204 Nether Stowey castle (Somerset), 206 Nottingham Hill (Gloucestershire) naval hospital, 246 Netheravon (Wiltshire) Bronze Age hoard, 127 Pamphill (Dorset) military aviation, 253 nuclear power, 242 Neolithic pits, 82 Nettleton Shrub (Wiltshire), 158 Nunney castle (Somerset), 206 paper-making industry, 236 Roman ?town, 153 Par Beach (Isles of Scilly) Roman Christianity, 159 O Mesolithic environment, 41 Roman temple, 159 Oakley Down (Dorset) parish origins, 182 New Moreton (Gloucestershire) Iron Age settlement, 132 (Gloucestershire) new village, 220 Odcombe (Somerset) iron works, 235 Newcomen, Thomas, 233 Bronze Age settlement, 118 Parracombe castle (Devon), 206 Newent (Gloucestershire) Odd Down (Bath and NE Somerset) passage graves, 96 iron works, 235 fuller’s earth working, 235 Pathfinder Village (Devon) Medieval town, 202 Offa’s Dyke (Gloucestershire), 186 caravan park, 220 Roman iron working, 155 Ogbourne Down West (Wiltshire) Patteson’s Cross (Devon) (Cornwall) Bronze Age settlement, 119 Bronze Age fieldsystem, 120 Medieval harbour, 198 Ogbury (Wiltshire) Bronze Age settlement, 118, 119 seaplane station, 253 Iron Age hill-top enclosure, 134 Pawlett (Somerset) Newton Abbot (Devon) oil industry, 234, 235, 253 military experiments, 258 maltings, 219 Okehampton (Devon) military training, 258 Medieval town, 199 Camp, 248, 250 Pawton (Cornwall) Newton Poppleford (Devon) castle, 205 Bronze Age settlement, 118 Palaeolithic finds, 35 deer park, 206 Pedn-mên-an-mere (Cornwall) Norbury (Gloucestershire) Medieval settlement, 196 Mesolithic site, 54 Iron Age hill-top enclosure, 134, 135 military training, 250, 258 Pedwell (Somerset) Iron Age mortuary practices, 143 Old Burrow (Devon) Roman temple, 159 Norden (Dorset) Roman fort, 160 Pen Hill (Somerset) tramway, 226 Old Dilton (Wiltshire) bank barrow, 96 Nornour (Isles of Scilly) 18th-century church interior, 240 television transmitter, 231, 233 Bronze Age settlement, 118 Old Market (Bristol) Penbury Knoll (Dorset) Roman ritual site, 159 Medieval suburb, 201 Mesolithic site, 58 North Cliff, Camborne (Cornwall) (Wiltshire) Pendennis (Cornwall) Mesolithic site, 54 Bronze Age burials, 124 18th-century battery, 247 North Hessary Tor (Devon) military aviation, 253 barracks, 248 radio station, 233 Roman ?town, 153 Henrican fort, 244 television transmitter, 233 Old Town (Isles of Scilly) Pengelly, William, 34 North Hill Glider Field (Devon) Medieval settlement, 197 Penhale (Cornwall) Early Medieval iron working, 175 Old Wardour (Wiltshire) Bronze Age environment, 112 North Hill, Minehead (Somerset) Civil War defences, 245 Bronze Age metalwork finds, 122 Mesolithic site, 52 Oldaport (Devon) Bronze Age pottery, 121 North Petherton (Somerset) Anglo-Saxon defences, 161, 186 Bronze Age settlement, 118–120 Mesolithic site, 51 Oldbury (South Gloucestershire) early cereals, 90 Post-Medieval pottery, 215 Bronze Age environment, 110 Early Iron Age dates, 128 radio station, 232 Iron Age fish trap, 133 Iron Age environment, 112 North Sands, Salcombe (Devon) Mesolithic environment, 40, 42 Iron Age field system, 138 Bronze Age environment, 111 Mesolithic site, 56 Mesolithic site, 54 Northam (Devon) Oliver’s Battery (Isles of Scilly) military radio station, 232 military training, 259 Civil War defences, 245 Neolithic dates, 77 Northleach (Gloucestershire) oppida, 137 Neolithic house, 82 Iron Age enclosures, 131 Ornament Horizon, 122 penknife points, 36, 38, 39 Medieval town, 202 orphanages, 243 Penryn (Cornwall) Northwick (South Gloucestershire) Otter valley (Devon) Medieval monastery, 204 Iron Age settlement, 133 Palaeolithic finds, 35 Medieval town, 198 Norton (Bath and NE Somerset) Overton (Wiltshire) Pentewan (Cornwall) Medieval mining, 203 barrow locations, 79 Medieval harbour, 198 Norton Bavant (Wiltshire) Wansdyke, 186 Medieval quarrying, 203 Bronze Age metalwork, 77 Ower (Dorset) Penwith Moor (Cornwall) Neolithic warfare, 93 Roman pottery production, 157 stone monuments, 97 Norton Fitzwarren (Somerset) Roman saltmaking, 156 (Cornwall) Bronze Age hoard, 122 Roman settlement, 152 Jewish community, 238 Bronze Age pottery styles, 121 Medieval harbour, 198 Bronze Age settlement, 118 P Medieval town, 198 cider manufacture, 220 (Cornwall) telephones, 230 hillfort, 135 19th-century defences, 247 Perran Foundry (Cornwall), 236 Palaeolithic finds, 34 Medieval port, 198 perry, 220 pit circle, 97 Medieval town, 198 Peterborough Ware, see pottery Norton Manor camp (Somerset), 254, Roman port?, 154 Picklecombe battery (Cornwall), 248 263 Pagans Hill (Bath and NE Somerset) Pier Cellars (Cornwall) Notgrove barrow (Gloucestershire) Early Medieval glass, 179 Brennan torpedo station, 248

363 The Archaeology of South West England

piers, 244 Mesolithic environment, 45 Medieval environment, 191 (Dorset) Poldhu (Cornwall) Mesolithic environment, 40 alleged Iron Age shrine, 142 radio station, 231, 232 Modern port, 227 hillfort, 135 Poldowrian (Cornwall) Roman environment, 149 Pilton (Devon) Bronze Age dates, 77 Portishead (North Somerset) burh, 198 Mesolithic site, 54–56 19th-century battery, 247 Pimperne (Dorset) police stations, 243 Modern port, 227 Iron Age house, 138 Polruan (Cornwall) ship-to-shore radio station, 232 Iron Age settlement, 132 Medieval harbour, 198 WW1 defences, 253 WW1 camp, 251 Polsloe Priory (Devon), 204 WW1 port, 253 Pinswell (Devon) Polyphant (Cornwall) Portland (Devon) Mesolithic environment, 46 Medieval quarrying, 203 military radio station, 232 pipelines, 228 Pomeroy Wood (Devon) Portland (Dorset) pipes, tobacco, 215 Roman environment, 148 19th-century defences, 247 Pitney (Somerset) Roman fort, 161 air defences, 256, 264 Bronze Age metalwork, 127 Roman settlement, 153 coast artillery, 264 Pixies’ Hole (Devon) Pool Farm cist (Somerset) Cold War research centre, 266 Palaeolithic finds, 37, 38 carvings, 88 harbour of refuge, 246 placenames, 173, 176–178, 181, 185 Poole (Dorset) Henrican fort, 244 Plymouth (Devon), see also Mount Batten, 18th-century battery, 247 Mesolithic sites, 58 Mount Wise, , buildings surveyed, 222 naval base, 246 Stonehouse Modern expansion, 222 naval training, 262 18th-century defences, 246, 247 Modern port, 227 open field, 217 19th-century defences, 246–248 Post-Medieval rebuilding, 221 prison, 243, 254 air defences, 256, 264 power station, 242 quarrying, 234 Barne Barton, 248 Poole Harbour (Dorset) seaplane station, 253 barrage balloon centre, 256 industry, 156 St George Reforne church, 240 civic centre, 224 Iron Age environment, 105 tramway, 226 Civil War defences, 245 Iron Age pottery, 140 Viking attack, 177 coast artillery, 264 Iron Age settlements, 132 WW1 defences, 253 Devonport leat, 241 Roman industry, 156 Porton Down (Wiltshire) distillery, 220 poor houses, 243 biological weapons, 266 Dock Lines, 246, 247 Porlock (Somerset) chemical weapons, 266 Drake’s Island, 245, 248 aurochs, 90 Portreath (Cornwall) Drake’s leat, 241 duck decoy, 218 industrial settlement, 220 Eastern King Battery, 247 Early Medieval evidence, 172 tramroad, 226 emergency government centre, 265 links to South Wales, 237 post offices, 229 Huguenot community, 238 Mesolithic environment, 40, 42, 47 Post Track (Somerset), 92 Jewish community, 238 Mesolithic site, 51 date, 75 Medieval town, 199, 201 Modern environment, 209 Postbridge (Devon) Medieval town walls, 207 Neolithic environment, 70 Mesolithic site, 53 Modern expansion, 222 submerged Mesolithic site, 52 Potterne (Wiltshire) Modern port, 227 Port Isaac (Cornwall) Anglo-Saxon church, 182 Mount Pleasant Redoubt, 247 Medieval harbour, 198 Bronze Age goldwork, 127 Post-Medieval fishing, 219 Port Quin (Cornwall) Bronze Age human remains, 126 Post-Medieval pottery, 215 Medieval harbour, 198 Bronze Age livestock, 125 Post-Medieval water supply, 241 portal , 96 Bronze Age metalworking, 127 post-war rebuilding, 222 Portbury (Bristol) Bronze Age midden, 126 practice batteries, 249 Palaeolithic finds, 34 Bronze Age pottery, 126 radio station, 233 Portesham (Dorset) Bronze Age settlement, 118 railway, 226 Early Medieval burials, 185 Early Iron Age pottery, 128 Royal Citadel, 245, 246, 248, 249 Iron Age burial, 143 Iron Age environment, 106 Royal William Victualling Yard, 219, Iron Age mirror, 141 pottery 252 Iron Age settlement, 132 Beakers, 86 shipyards, 236 minster, 185 Biconical Urns, 86 Southdown naval victualling yard, 246 Porth Cressa, St Mary’s (Isles of Scilly) Black Burnished Ware, 156, 173, 185 Sutton Pool naval victualling yard, 246 Bronze Age settlement, 118 Bovey Tracey, 236 telephones, 230 Porth Kerris (Cornwall) chaff-tempered, 175 victualling facilities, 246 naval research centre, 266 Collard Urns, 86 Western King Battery, 247 Porth Killier, St Agnes (Isles of Scilly) Deverel-Rimbury, 77, 86, 119, 121, WW1 defences, 253 Bronze Age settlement, 118 124 WW1 hospital, 251 Porth Mellon (Isles of Scilly) Donyatt, 214 WW1 naval logistics, 252 Mesolithic environment, 41 Durotrigian, 140 WW1 port, 251 Neolithic environment, 72 Early Medieval, 175, 178–179, 186 WW1 training, 250 Porth Seal (Isles of Scilly) Food Vessels, 86, 101 WW2 commands, 255 Palaaeolithic environment, 28 Glastonbury Ware, 140 WW2 defences, 257 Porthallow (Cornwall) grass-marked, 175 Plymouth Brethren, 238 Neolithic environment, 70 Grooved Ware, 86, 87 Plympton (Devon) Porthcurno (Cornwall) Gwithian style, 175 Medieval port, 199, 200 submarine cable station, 230, 252 Malvern Ware, 140 Polden Hills (Somerset) (Cornwall) Medieval, 203

364 Index

North Devon, 214 Roman industry, 156 South Devon, 228 Peterborough Ware, 86, 97 Roman shale working, 156 works, 227 Post Deverel-Rimbury Plain Ware, Purdown (Bristol) trams, 226 125, 126 microwave tower, 231, 266 Rainsbury (Somerset) Roman, 156, 157 Puriton (Somerset) Roman fort, 160 Severn Valley Ware, 157 explosives factory, 258 Rampisham (Dorset) shell-tempered, 175 Puxton (North Somerset) radio station, 233, 265 South Devon Ware, 157 Medieval environment, 190 Ramsbury (Wiltshire) South West White Slipped Ware, 157 Medieval field patterns, 196 Anglo-Saxon church, 182 tin-glazed, 214, 215 Roman environment, 147 Anglo-Saxon sculpture, 182 Tintagel A–E Wares, 179 Early Medieval iron working, 175 Trevisker, 77, 86, 92, 100, 121 Q Ramspitts (Somerset) Verwood, 214, 236 Quantock Hills (Somerset) Medieval desertion, 193 Wincanton, 215 Dumnonian border, 178 ranges Poundbury (Dorset) Iron Age settlements, 139 military, 248, 266 Bronze Age settlement, 118 lithic scatters, 81 ranges, military, 250, 258 Early Medieval burials, 183 quarrying Ratfyn (Wiltshire) Early Medieval monastery, 180 ball clay, 235 Neolithic faunal remains, 89 Early Medieval refortification, 174, 185 china clay, 235 Reads Cavern (Somerset) Early Medieval settlement, 172 granite, 234 Iron Age settlement, 133 excavations, 169 limestone, 234 Redcliffe (Bristol) hillfort, 135 Medieval, 203 Medieval planned settlement, 201 Iron Age settlement, 132 Quedgeley (Gloucestershire) Redhill Marsh (Cornwall) Roman cemetery, 160, 173, 180, 183 shell-filling factory, 252 Mesolithic environment, 45 Roman Christianity, 159 Queen Camel (Somerset) Redland Green (Bristol) Poundisford Park (Somerset) radio station, 232 graveyard recording, 240 Bronze Age settlement, 118 Queens Park (Dorset) (Cornwall) power stations, 242 Palaeolithic finds, 33, 40 mining industry, 221 Praa Sands (Cornwall) Quenington (Gloucestershire) tramway, 226 Neolithic environment, 70 Roman town, 153 Redruth and Chasewater Railway Prawle Point (Devon) querns, 81, 91, 94, 121, 123, 127, 137, (Cornwall), 226 military communications, 231 139, 156 regional government, see government Predannack (Cornwall) remount depots, 252, 259 military research centre, 266 R Renney Battery (Devon), 248, 253 prefabs, 255 rabbit warrens, 218 Reskadinnick (Cornwall) Preshute G1a barrow (Wiltshire) race tracks, 244 Roman finds, 155 grave goods, 84 Rackenford Moor (Devon) Restormel (Cornwall) Preston (Gloucestershire) Early Medieval environment, 165 castle, 206 Iron Age segmented ditches, 139 Rackley (Somerset) deer park, 206 Iron Age settlement, 131 Medieval town, 201 Rhinoceros Hole (Somerset) Priddy (Somerset) radar Palaeolithic finds, 34 barrows, 99 Cold War research, 266 Ridgeway 7 barrow (Dorset), 77 Circles, 69, 79, 97 Rotor project, 5, 262 Rillaton (Cornwall) lithic scatters, 81 Second World War, 255 gold cup, 77, 84 Mendip Lodge Wood, 124 Raddon (Devon) Rimpton (Somerset) Mesolithic site, 50 Early Medieval occupation, 186 placename, 178 Neolithic finds, 81 Neolithic occupation, 77 Rimsmoor (Dorset) sheep fair, 237 radiocarbon dates, 76 Early Medieval environment, 168 Princetown (Devon) radio, 231–233, 256, 257, 262, 263, 265, Neolithic environment, 66, 73 industrial settlement, 220 266 Ripple Brook (Gloucestershire) prison, 243, 254 Radstock (Bath and NE Somerset) pollen analysis, 65 prisoner-of-war camp, 252 Medieval mining, 203 Roadford (Devon) prisons, 220, 243, 251–254, 259, 266 RAF, see Medieval settlement, 198 “productive” sites, 179 railways Robin Hood’s Ball (Wiltshire) promontory forts, 134 atmospheric, 228 Neolithic faunal remains, 89 propped stone, 78 Bodmin to Hayle, 226 Neolithic lithic scatters, 81 pseudo-quoit, 78 Branch Tramway, 226 Neolithic pits, 82 pubs, 220 Bristol and Gloucester, 226 Neolithic pottery, 93 (South Gloucestershire) cliff, 226 Roche Rock (Cornwall) barrage balloon centre, 256 Dramway, 226 Neolithic pits, 78, 82 Early Medieval quarrying, 175 Fayle’s Tramway, 226 Rockley Down (Wiltshire) Neolithic environment, 72 Great Western, 226 Bronze Age human remains, 126 Pulham (Dorset) Haytor tramway, 226 Rodborough (Gloucestershire) plank burials, 185 London and South Western, 226 Iron Age burial, 143 Purbeck (Dorset) Lynton to Barnstaple, 226 (Somerset) Iron Age saltmaking, 141 mail trains, 229 tufa, 48 Iron Age shale working, 141 Merchant’s, 226 Rollestone (Wiltshire) Iron Age sites, 132 Midland, 226 military aviation, 253 marble, 155 military, 251, 252 Rolls-Royce engine factory, 228 Neolithic shale working, 87 Portreath tramroad, 226 “Romanisation”, 157 quarrying, 234, 235 Redruth and Chasewater, 226 Rooksbridge (Somerset)

365 The Archaeology of South West England

telephone repeater station, 231 gunpowder mills, 246 Iron Age mortuary practices, 142, 143 Lake Hole (Dorset) naval ordnance depot, 252 oppidum, 137, 138 Iron Age settlement, 132 WW2 railway, 260 (Cornwall) Rose Ash (Devon) St Buryan (Cornwall) Medieval port, 198 Bronze Age burial, 124 Medieval monastery, 204 Saltford (Bath and NE Somerset) Rosketal Cliff (Cornwall) Palaeolithic finds, 39 flood defences, 242 Mesolithic site, 54 St Columb (Cornwall) saltmaking, 91, 127, 156, 203 Rotherley (Dorset) canal, 226 Sanctuary (Wiltshire) Iron Age settlement, 132 Medieval town, 198 henge, 97 rotunda graves, 96 St Georges, Weston-super-Mare (North Neolithic faunal remains, 90 Rough Tor (Cornwall) Somerset) Sandford Hill (North Somerset) Bronze Age clearance, 120 Roman saltmaking, 156 Mesolithic site, 50 Bronze Age environment, 112 St Germans (Cornwall) Sandhill Park (Somerset) Early Medieval environment, 167 Medieval church, 204 prisoner-of-war camp, 252 Mesolithic environment, 45 Medieval harbour, 198 Sandsfoot Castle (Dorset) Neolithic environment, 69 Medieval monastery, 204 Civil War mint, 215 Roman environment, 149 Medieval pottery, 203 Henrican fort, 244 Roughground Farm (Gloucestershire) Medieval town, 198 Sandy Lane (Gloucestershire) Iron Age mortuary practices, 143 St Ives (Cornwall) Bronze Age metalworking, 127 Iron Age pit alignments, 139 fish cellars, 219 Bronze Age pottery, 121 Iron Age settlement, 130 Medieval town, 198 Roman ?town, 153 Roman villa, 152 St Just (Cornwall) Sapperton (Gloucestershire) Roughridge Hill (Wiltshire) Early Medieval stones, 183 canal tunnel, 226 early domesticates, 89 St Keverne (Cornwall) Roman temple, 159 Neolithic pits, 82 Bronze Age fieldsystem, 120 Savernake (Wiltshire) round barrows, see barrows Palaeolithic finds, 35 Roman pottery production, 157 rounds, 129, 130, 171 St Martins (Isles of Scilly) Savery, Thomas, 233 Roundway Down (Wiltshire) naval research centre, 266 Saye’s Hole (Somerset) Anglo-Saxon burial, 185 (Cornwall) Iron Age metalworking, 133 (Somerset) 18th-century battery, 247 Scarcewater (Cornwall) Roman environment, 146 barracks, 248 Bronze Age settlement, 118 Rowberrow Cavern (Somerset) Henrican fort, 244 schools, 243 Iron Age metalworking, 133 Medieval harbour, 198 Scilly, see Isles of Scilly LNEBA occupation, 79 Medieval town, 198 Scipio Africanus, 240 Mesolithic site, 50 St Mawgan (Cornwall) sea level change, 27–28, 40–41, 63–65, Neolithic faunal remains, 89 Cold War defences, 264 70, 85 Rowden (Dorset) V-bomber base, 262 Sea Mills (Bristol) Bronze Age settlement, 118 St Merryn (Cornwall) garden suburb, 221 early cereals, 90 naval air station, 255 Roman site, 153, 154 early domesticates, 89 St Michael’s Mount (Cornwall) sea walls, 217 Neolithic pits, 82 ancient Ictis?, 137 seaside resorts, 221, 224, 244 Rowlands Track (Somerset) Bronze Age copper ingots, 127 Seaton (Devon) Mesolithic environment, 44 Bronze Age settlement, 125 late Roman fort?, 161 Royal Air Force, 229, 233, 251–253, 255, castle, 206 Medieval saltmaking, 203 256, 259–266 Early Medieval pottery, 179 Roman port, 154 Royal Flying Corps, 253 Early Medieval trading centre, 179 Seaton Junction (Dorset) Royal Naval Air Service, 249, 250, 253 Medieval monastery, 204 railway settlement, 221 , 232, 249–252, 255, 259, 261 Medieval port, 198 Seend (Wiltshire) Royal Observer Corps, 229, 232, 255, Roman port, 154 Post-Medieval iron smelting, 234 256, 262, 265 St Nectan, 183 Selwood, 178 Royal Signals, 251 St Patrick, 170 Early Medieval diocese, 181 Rudlow Manor (Wiltshire) St Pirran, 217 Selworthy Green (Somerset) military communications, 265 St Winnolls (Cornwall) model hamlet, 220 rugby, 244 air defences, 264 Sennen (Cornwall) Rumps, The (Cornwall) Saintbridge (Gloucestershire) air navigation station, 262 promontory fort, 134 Iron Age settlement, 130 submarine cable station, 230 Rybury (Wiltshire) saints’ “lives”, 170, 179 Seven Stones, 27 Neolithic enclosure, 79 Salcombe (Devon) , 225 Ryme (Dorset) Bronze Age wreck, 122, 124 Severn Valley Ware, see pottery placename, 178 Sale’s Lot (Gloucestershire) sewerage systems, 242 rotunda grave, 96 Shaftesbury (Dorset) S (Wiltshire) Anglo-Saxon church, 182 St Anne’s (Bristol) Anglo-Saxon burials, 177 radio interception station, 256 Palaeolithic finds, 34 buildings surveyed, 222 Shaldon (Devon) St Augustine of Hippo, 182 Iron Age hoard, 142 WW2 coast battery, 257 (Cornwall) Modern water supply, 242 shale brewery, 219 Palaeolithic finds, 31, 33 Bronze Age, 77, 122 china clay exports, 227 (Wiltshire) Iron Age, 137, 141 telephones, 230 Bronze Age fieldsystems, 120 Neolithic working, 87 St Boniface, 171, 176 military training, 250, 258 oil, 235 St Budeaux, Plymouth Salmonsbury (Gloucestershire) Roman, 156

366 Index

Shapland & Petter works, 236 Shirehampton (Bristol) hillfort, see Cadbury Castle Shapwick (Somerset) Palaeolithic finds, 33 Roman settlement, 152 Bronze Age boundary, 120 manufacture, 236 South Chard (Somerset) Early Medieval settlement, 172, 173 Shorncote (Gloucestershire) railway settlement, 221 excavations, 170 Bronze Age burials, 124, 126 South Devon Railway, 228 fieldnames, 173 Bronze Age metalworking, 127 South Devon Reduced Ware, see pottery Home Office depot, 232 Bronze Age pottery, 126 South Dorset Ridgeway (Dorset) Medieval environment, 191 Bronze Age settlement, 125 barrow cemeteries, 79, 99 Medieval settlement, 196 Iron Age pit alignments, 139 lithic scatters, 80, 81 Mesolithic environment, 43 Iron Age segmented ditches, 139 Neolithic monuments, 79 Mesolithic site, 51 Shovel Down (Devon), 113 South Lodge (Dorset) old church, 172, 182, 185 stone monuments, 99 Bronze Age fieldsystem, 120 radio station, 232 Shrewton (Wiltshire) Bronze Age metalwork finds, 122 Roman settlement, 152 barrow excavations, 99 Bronze Age settlement, 117 Sladwick, 172 Bronze Age burials, 124 , 121 village nucleation, 171 Bronze Age metalwork, 77 South Molton (Devon) Shapwick Burtle (Somerset) Sidmouth (Devon) Medieval mining, 202 Mesolithic environment, 43 19th-century defences, 247 South Petherton (Somerset) Shapwick Heath (Somerset) seaside resort, 221, 224 copper alloy vessels, 215 Mesolithic environment, 44 signalling stations, 228 Medieval town, 201 Neolithic environment, 70 signposts, 225 South Street barrow (Wiltshire) Sharpitor (Devon) (Wiltshire) ard marks, 78 air navigation station, 262 Anglo-Saxon reuse, 186 Beaker cultivation, 78 Sharpness (Gloucestershire) labour estimates, 92 earlier occupation, 79 canal, 225 Neolithic environment, 68 excavations, 96 canal settlement, 221 Neolithic mound, 97 Mesolithic environment, 48 Shaugh Moor (Devon) Roman environment, 145 Neolithic environment, 67, 73 Bronze Age cairns, 77 Roman temple, 159 Palaeolithic environment, 30 Bronze Age settlement, 118, 119 silk, 235 South West White Slipped Ware, see Shearplace Hill (Dorset) silverwork, Post-Medieval, 215 pottery Bronze Age settlement, 117 Simons Ground (Dorset) South Zeal (Devon) Shenberrow (Gloucestershire) Bronze Age burials, 124 Medieval town, 199 hillfort, 135 Simonsbath (Somerset) Southay (Somerset) (Somerset) new village, 220 Bronze Age settlement, 118 amulet, 179 skillets, 215 Southbourne (Dorset) Bronze Age settlement, 118 Slapton Sands (Devon) submarine cable station, 230 cider manufacture, 220 military training, 258, 259 Southern Railway, 260 Early Medieval occupation, 170 slavery, 238 spas, 221, 244 Early Medieval settlement, 173 Slimbridge (Gloucestershire) Spaxton (Somerset) excavations, 169 duck decoy, 218 Bronze Age hoard, 122 Iron Age settlement, 130 slum clearance, 222 Spettisbury (Dorset) Post-Medieval suburbs, 223 Snail Down (Wiltshire) Iron Age mortuary practices, 143 Roman burials, 160, 183 barrow excavations, 99 sport, 243, 244 Roman Christianity, 159 Snig’s End (Gloucestershire) Stables Quarry (Gloucestershire) Roman environment, 148 model settlement, 220 Iron Age settlement, 130 Roman pottery, 157 soap manufacture, 236, 237 Staddon Point battery (Devon, 248 Roman town, 153, 154 Soldier’s Grave, Frocester Stannon (Cornwall) Sherborne (Dorset) (Gloucestershire) barrow excavation, 99 Anglo-Saxon churches, 182 Neolithic round barrow, 97 Bronze Age activity, 80 Civil War defences, 245 Soldier’s Hole (Somerset) Bronze Age clearance, 120 diocese, 178 Bronze Age finds, 118 Bronze Age environment, 112 Early Medieval monastery, 181 LNEBA finds, 79 Bronze Age pottery, 121 forged Palaeolithic art, 37 Palaeolithic finds, 35, 36, 38, 39 Bronze Age settlement, 118–120 silk mill, 235 Solent River, 23, 30, 31, 33 faience bead, 87 Sherborne House (Gloucestershire) Iron Age environment, 112, 113 Early Medieval settlement, 172 Iron Age environment, 108 Iron Age settlement, 139 Iron Age settlement, 130 Medieval environment, 191 Mesolithic environment, 45 Sherborne Newlands (Dorset) Mesolithic environment, 43–45 Palaeolithic environment, 29 Post-Medieval suburb, 221 Neolithic environment, 70, 71 Stanton Drew (Bath and NE Somerset) Sherford Camp (Somerset), 254, 264 Neolithic wooden artefacts, 83 henge, 97 Sherracombe Ford (Devon) Project, 50 Mesolithic activity, 76 Roman iron working, 175 Roman saltmaking, 156 relationship to river, 79 Shillingstone (Dorset) trackways, 75, 92, 121 timber circle, 82, 94 Roman villa, 152 wooden artefacts, 87 Star Castle (Isles of Scilly), 244, 245 Shipley Bridge (Devon) Somerton (Somerset) Start Point (Devon) naptha works, 235 interglacial pollen, 28 radio station, 233 Shipman Head, Bryher (Isles of Scilly) radio station, 232 Staverton (Wiltshire) promontory fort, 134 Sourton Down (Devon) milk processing, 219 Shipton Oliffe (Gloucestershire) Medieval environment, 192 Steart (Somerset) Iron Age mortuary practices, 143 Mesolithic environment, 46 military training, 258, 263 shipyards, 236 South Cadbury (Somerset) Steep Holm (North Somerset)

367 The Archaeology of South West England

19th-century defences, 247 street lighting, 242 electric lighting, 221 Roman ?temple, 159 Strete (Devon) electricity supply, 242 Stencoose (Cornwall) military radio station, 233, 256 emergency government centres, 265 Iron Age fieldsystem, 139 (Gloucestershire) Hydrographic Office, 263 Stepper Point (Cornwall) electricity supply, 242 Mary Street Unitarian Church, 240 Mesolithic site, 54 woollen industry, 221 Medieval burials, 205 Sticklepath (Devon) Stroudwater Canal, 225 Medieval tanning, 203 foundry, 236 Stubbs Farm (Gloucestershire) Medieval town, 201 Stithians (Cornwall) Iron Age settlement, 131 Medieval town walls, 206 cup marks, 88 Stuffle (Cornwall) military depot, 263 Stockland Hill (Devon) Early Medieval environment, 167 military training, 258 telephone repeater station, 231 Sturminster Marshall (Dorset) Modern expansion, 222 television transmitter, 231, 233 Iron Age settlement, 132 post office, 229 Stockton (Wiltshire) Sturminster Newton (Dorset) Post-Medieval artefacts, 215, 216 Mesolithic site, 57 creamery, 219 Post-Medieval pottery, 214, 215 (Somerset) Sturtom (Isles of Scilly) Post-Medieval suburbs, 223 Bronze Age metalwork phase, 127 Medieval settlement, 197 priory excavations, 204 castle, 206 submarine cables, 230, 252 radio station, 233 Stoke Bottom (Somerset) submerged forests, 27, 52, 63 RAF maintenance unit, 259 Cold War water-supply, 265 sugar refining, 219, 238 railway air defences, 260 Stokeleigh Camp (North Somerset) Sun Hole (Somerset) telephone exchange, 230 hillfort, 135 Bronze Age finds, 118 telephones, 230, 231 Wansdyke, 186 LNEBA occupation, 79 workhouse hoard, 122 Stolford (Somerset) Neolithic faunal remains, 89 Tavistock (Devon) Mesolithic environment, 40, 43 Palaeolithic environment, 28 Abbey, 204 submerged forest, 53 Palaeolithic finds, 36, 39 Abbey estates, 197 Ston Easton (Somerset) (Wiltshire) Anglo-Saxon monastery, 182 tufa, 48 WW1 camp, 251 Bedford estate, 221 Stonaford (Cornwall) Sutton Veny (Wiltshire) mining industry, 221 Medieval settlement, 197 Bronze Age burial, 101 radio depot, 232 stone quarrying, 155 Bronze Age metalwork, 87 Teign, river (Devon) Stoneage Barton (Somerset) Swallowcliffe Down (Wiltshire) Palaeolithic finds, 35 Early Medieval burials, 183 Anglo-Saxon burial, 185 Teignmouth (Devon) (Wiltshire) Iron Age settlement, 132 Palaeolithic finds, 35 avenue, 97 Swallowmead (Devon) WW2 coast battery, 257 barrow cemeteries, 79 Bronze Age burial, 124 WW2 torpedo-boat industry, 258 barrow concentration, 99 Swanage (Dorset) telegraphy Bluestone transport, 92 18th-century battery, 247 electric, 230 carvings, 84, 87, 88 19th-century battery, 247 visual, 229 henge, 97 submarine cable station, 230 telephones, 230–231 lack of Mesolithic activity, 76 (Somerset), 92 television, 233 lithic scatters, 80, 81 artefacts, 83 Temple Cloud (Bath and NE Somerset) Mesolithic environment, 48 date, 75 aircraft factory, 258 Mesolithic site, 57 Mesolithic environment, 44 Temple Guiting (Gloucestershire) military aviation, 253 Neolithic environment, 71 Iron Age settlement, 131 Neolithic , 101 Swindon (Wiltshire) Templecombe (Somerset) Neolithic enclosure, 97 buildings surveyed, 222 preceptory, 204 Neolithic environment, 68 model town, 221 railway air defences, 260 Neolithic faunal remains, 90 railway museum, 227 tennis, 215 radiocarbon dating, 76, 95 railway works, 227 Territorial Army Centres, 250 relationship to river, 79, 91 WW1 shell factory, 252 Territorial Force, 250 stone settings, 95 Symond’s Yat East (Gloucestershire) Upton (Gloucestershire) Stonehouse, Plymouth Palaeolithic finds, 39 Mesolithic site, 56 barracks, 248 Syreford Mill (Gloucestershire) (Gloucestershire) Medieval town, 201 Mesolithic site, 56 Bronze Age metalworking, 122 naval hospital, 246, 251 Bronze Age pottery, 121 naval victualling yard, 246 T Early Medieval elite site, 175 practice battery, 249 Talbot Village (Dorset) Medieval town, 202 Stothert & Pitt, 236 model hamlet, 220 Roman settlements, 152, 153 Stowe’s Pound (Cornwall) Tamar bridge, 225, 226 textile industry, 235 Neolithic enclosure, 78 tanning, 235 , 226 Stratton (Gloucestershire) Tarrant Rushton (Dorset) theatres, 244 Medieval environment, 190 V-bomber base, 262 Thickthorn Down barrow (Dorset) Strawberry Hill (Wiltshire) Taunton (Somerset) construction, 96 Mesolithic site, 57 anti-tank island, 257 relationship to cursus, 96 Street (Somerset) barracks, 248 Thornbury (South Gloucestershire) Early Medieval causeway, 180 Bronze Age metalwork phase, 122 castle, 201, 206 Early Medieval cist graves, 180 cinemas, 244 Medieval town, 201 garden city, 221 Civil War defences, 245 Thornhill Farm (Gloucestershire) industrial growth, 237 Debenhams’ data centre, 233 Bronze Age pottery, 121 industrial settlement, 220 Early Medieval town, 173 Iron Age environment, 107

368 Index

Iron Age livestock, 140 Roman fort, 160 Bronze Age settlement, 125 Iron Age settlement, 131 Roman port, 154 Iron Age settlement, 129 Thorny Down (Wiltshire) tor enclosures, 96 Trenowah (Cornwall) Bronze Age grain storage, 123 Tor Royal (Devon) Bronze Age tin working, 122 Bronze Age metalwork finds, 122 Early Medieval environment, 167 Early Iron Age dates, 128 Bronze Age settlement, 117 Medieval environment, 192 Iron Age fieldsystem, 138 Thorverton (Devon) Mesolithic environment, 46 Treryn Dinas (Cornwall) Palaeolithic finds, 35 Torbay (Devon) Bronze Age pottery, 78 Three Holes Cave (Devon) harbour of refuge, 246 Tresco (Isles of Scilly) later prehistoric dates, 78 Torbryan (Devon) Bronze Age settlement, 118 Mesolithic dates, 53 Mesolithic site, 53 Medieval settlement, 197 Mesolithic site, 53 Palaeolithic finds, 36 Tresellern Marsh (Cornwall) Palaeolithic finds, 36–39 Tornewton Cave (Devon) Bronze Age environment, 112 Threemilestone (Cornwall) later prehistoric dates, 78 Early Medieval environment, 167 Bronze Age metalworking, 127 torpedo boats, 248 Medieval environment, 192 Bronze Age settlement, 125 Torquay (Devon) Roman environment, 149 Iron Age settlement, 129, 130 19th-century defences, 247 Treslothan (Cornwall) Thurlestone (Devon) 19th-century villas, 221 model hamlet, 220 Late Bronze Age environment, 111 cliff railway, 226 Tresmorn (Cornwall) Tichbarrow barrow (Cornwall) seaplane station, 253 Medieval settlement, 197 cup marks, 88 Torre Abbey (Devon), 204, 238 Trethellan Farm (Cornwall) Tidwell Mount (Devon) Torrington (Devon) Bronze Age cereals, 123 Palaeolithic finds, 35 creamery, 219 Bronze Age dairying, 123 Tidworth (Wiltshire) Totnes (Devon) Bronze Age fishing, 123 WW1 railway, 252 barracks, 248 Bronze Age livestock, 123 tiles buildings surveyed, 222 Bronze Age metalwork, 122 Post-Medieval, 214 burh, 198 Bronze Age settlement, 117–120 Roman, 155 castle, 205 cup marks, 122 , 1, 152, 186, 204 Early Medieval town, 186 Trethurgy (Cornwall) tin mining, see mining Medieval pottery, 203 buried soils, 138 Tinney’s Ground (Somerset) Medieval town, 199 Early Medieval occupation, 170, 171 Bronze Age trackways, 121 Medieval town walls, 206 Early Medieval pottery, 175, 179 Tinneys Lane, Sherborne (Dorset) Modern expansion, 221 excavations, 169 Bronze Age burials, 126 Totty Pot (Somerset) Iron Age settlement, 129 Bronze Age metalworking, 127 Mesolithic site, 49–51 Roman ingot, 155 Bronze Age pottery, 126 Towednack (Cornwall) Roman settlement, 152, 153, 157 Tintagel (Cornwall) Bronze Age goldwork, 122 Trevelgue (Cornwall) castle, 206 train bands, 243 Bronze Age settlement, 125 Early Medieval cist graves, 183 trams, see railways Early Iron Age dates, 128 Early Medieval environment, 165, 167 Trebartha cist (Cornwall) Iron Age continental contacts, 137 Early Medieval pottery, 179 Bronze Age faunal remains, 90 Iron Age dates, 140 Early Medieval settlement, 174, 179, Tredarvah (Cornwall) iron working, 141 180 Bronze Age metalworking, 122 promontory fort, 134 excavations, 169 Treen (Cornwall) Trevilson (Cornwall) Medieval church, 204 Medieval field systems, 197 Bronze Age cereals, 123 Medieval environment, 191 submarine cable station, 230 Bronze Age saltmaking, 124 Medieval town, 198 Tregarrick (Cornwall) Bronze Age settlement, 118 Tisbury (Wiltshire) Neolithic dates, 77 Bronze Age structure, 117 lithic scatters, 81 propped stone, 78 Trevisker (Cornwall) Tiverton (Devon) Tregerthen Farm, Zennor (Cornwall) Bronze Age settlement, 117, 118 Bolham Farm, 161 cup marks, 88 Bronze Age tin working, 122 Cadbury Castle Roman ritual shaft, Tregony (Cornwall) Early Iron Age dates, 128 159 Medieval monastery, 204 Trevisker pottery, see pottery Palaeolithic finds, 35 Medieval parish, 203 Trevithick, Richard, 226, 233 Roman fort, 161 Medieval town, 198 Trevose Head (Cornwall) tobacco Tregulland (Cornwall) Mesolithic site, 54, 55 industry, 235, 237, 238 barrow excavation, 99 Trewey Foage (Cornwall) pipes, 215 Trelan 2 barrow (Cornwall) Bronze Age settlement, 119 Tog Hill (Gloucestershire) dating, 77 Treworld (Cornwall) Mesolithic site, 49, 56 Treligga 7 barrow (Cornwall) Medieval settlement, 197 tokens, 215 Bronze Age faunal remains, 90 Trewornan (Cornwall) Tollard Royal (Wiltshire) cup marks, 88 Mesolithic environment, 41 Iron Age settlement, 132 Trelowthas barrow (Cornwall) Troublehouse Covert (Gloucestershire) tollhouses, 225 Bronze Age faunal remains, 90 Mesolithic site, 56 Tolpuddle (Dorset) dating, 77 Trowbridge (Wiltshire) Early Medieval burials, 183 Trematon Castle (Cornwall), 206 bacon factory, 219 Tolpuddle Ball (Dorset) Tremough (Cornwall) brewery, 219 Iron Age settlement, 132 Neolithic pits, 82 Early Medieval town, 173 Tom Tivey’s Hole (Somerset) Trenance (Cornwall) excavations, 169 Neolithic burial, 100 barrow excavation, 99 (Cornwall) Topsham (Devon) Trencrom (Cornwall) barracks, 248

369 The Archaeology of South West England

Civil War mint, 215 railway, 226 Wessex Linear Ditches, 125 Crown Jewels, 254 Wakeham (Dorset) Wessex linear ditches, 139 Medieval monastery, 204 war gravestone quarry, 253 West Buckland (Somerset) Medieval parish, 203 Walpole (Somerset) Iron Age metalwork, 141 Medieval town, 198 Mesolithic environment, 43–45 West Camel (Somerset) Modern expansion, 221 Neolithic environment, 71 experimental housing, 251 ROC group HQ, 256, 265 Wanborough (Wiltshire) 8 barrow (Somerset) Try, Gulval (Cornwall) Mesolithic site, 57 carvings, 88 standing stone, 99 Roman town, 153 West Kennet (Wiltshire) tufa, 40, 48, 49, 51, 57, 64, 68 Wansdyke, 178, 186 Avenue occupation site, 80 , 224 Wanstrow (Somerset) , 76, 87, 88, 93, 100 Turkdean (Gloucestershire) Medieval pottery, 203 palisades, 76, 89, 93, 97 Roman villa, 152 war memorials, 253, 260 West Lavington (Wiltshire) turnpike trusts, 224 Warbstowbury (Cornwall) military research centre, 266 Tyndale, William, 238 Iron Age settlement, 129 West Moors (Dorset) Tyneham (Dorset) Wareham (Dorset) military depot, 263 forced desertion, 221 Anglo-Saxon church, 182 West Myne (Somerset) military training, 258 burh, 186 radar station, 262 Tywardreath (Cornwall) Early Medieval stones, 183 West Overton 1 barrow (Wiltshire), 101 Medieval monastery, 204 warehouses, 219, 228, 237 West Overton 6b barrow (Wiltshire), 99, Warminster (Wiltshire) 101 U lithic scatters, 81 West Penwith (Cornwall) (Gloucestershire) maltings, 219 Medieval field systems, 197 hillfort, 135 military training, 263 Mesolithic sites, 54 Iron Age mortuary practices, 143 (South Gloucestershire) West Tump barrow (Gloucestershire), Uley, West Hill (Gloucestershire) industrial settlement, 220 100 Christianisation of Roman temple, Warren’s Field (Gloucestershire) Westbury Ironworks (Wiltshire) 180, 181 Iron Age settlement, 131 Roman temple, 159 excavations, 169 warrens, 218 Westbury-on-Trym (Bristol) Iron Age shrine, 142 Washfield (Devon) Anglo-Saxon monastery, 182 Roman Christianity, 159 Palaeolithic environment, 26 Bronze Age metalwork, 77 Roman environment, 146 Washford (Somerset) Westbury-sub-Mendip (Somerset) Roman temple, 159 radio station, 233 Palaeolithic finds, 31, 34 Ullenwood (Gloucestershire) Watch Hill barrow (Cornwall) Weston-super-Mare (North Somerset) air defences, 264 dating, 77 air defences, 256 regional government HQ, 5, 7, 264 excavations, 99 aircraft factory, 258 Ulwell (Dorset) Watchet (Somerset) balloon gas factory, 256 Early Medieval cist graves, 183 burh, 201 military experiments, 258 Mesolithic site, 58 Palaeolithic finds, 34 Roman saltmaking, 156 universities, 243 water meadows, 217 submarine cable station, 230 Upavon (Wiltshire) watercress, 218 trams, 227 flying school, 253 Watergate (Cornwall) Westonzoyland (Somerset) military aviation, 253 Iron Age fieldsystem, 139 steam drainage-engine, 217 Uphill (North Somerset) Watermill Cove (Isles of Scilly) Westport (Somerset) Palaeolithic finds, 31, 34, 36, 38, 39 Palaeolithic environment, 28 canal settlement, 221 Upottery (Devon) Watley’s End (South Gloucestershire) Westward Ho! (Devon) WW2 airfield, 255 industrial settlement, 220 Mesolithic dates, 53 Upton (Dorset) Wayland’s Smithy barrow (Wiltshire) Mesolithic environment, 40 naval airship station, 253 dating, 76 Mesolithic midden, 49 Upton Cheney (North Somerset), 240 Weare (Somerset) Mesolithic site, 41, 53 Upton Lovell G2e barrow (Wiltshire), 83 Bronze Age hoard, 122 Neolithic environment, 71 US troops, 251 Weare Gifford Cross (Devon) Weymouth (Dorset) Mesolithic site, 53 Civil War mint, 215 V Wedmore (Somerset) Mesolithic site, 58 Verne Citadel (Dorset), 247 Bronze Age hoard, 122 Modern port, 227 Verwood (Dorset) Wells (Somerset) Nothe fort, 247 potteries, 214, 236 Anglo-Saxon church, 182 Post-Medieval fishing, 219 , 151 bishop’s palace, 204, 206 power station, 242 Viking excavations, 169 seaside resort, 221, 224 raids, 171, 177, 186 Medieval burials, 205 telephones, 230 settlement, 177 Medieval town, 201 Whaddon Hill (Dorset) vinegar, 220 Wellspring Road (Gloucestershire) Roman fort, 160 Vinny Combe (Somerset) Palaeolithic finds, 34 Whitcombe (Dorset) Bronze Age settlement, 118 Welshbury hillfort (Gloucestershire), 135 Iron Age burial, 143 Wembdon Hill (Somerset) Iron Age settlement, 132 W Early Medieval graves, 183 Whitcombe Hill (Dorset) (Dorset) Wembury (Devon) Mesolithic site, 58 hillfort, 135 Early Medieval occupation, 179 White, Sir George, 228 Roman military presence, 137 Wentlooge formation, 64 Whitecliff Furnace (Gloucestershire), 235 (Cornwall) Wessex, 171, 178, 186 Whitesheet Hill (Wiltshire) Medieval town, 198 Wessex burials, 83 early domesticates, 89

370 Index

Neolithic enclosure, 79, 96 Roman temple, 159 Wrangway (Somerset) Neolithic environment, 67 Winton (Dorset) Post-Medieval pottery, 214 Neolithic pits, 82 Palaeolithic finds, 33 Wraxall (North Somerset) Neolithic pottery, 93 Withycombe Hill (Somerset) Medieval field patterns, 196 Whiteway (Gloucestershire) Bronze Age fieldsystem, 120 Mesolithic site, 50 model settlement, 220 Woodbury (Devon) wrecks Whitstones (Devon) military training, 259 Bronze Age, 122, 124 microwave tower, 231, 266 Palaeolithic finds, 35 Modern, 228, 253, 266 (South Gloucestershire) Roman ?town, 153, 154 Post-Medieval, 215 brewery, 219 Roman environment, 148 Wroughton (Wiltshire) cider manufacture, 220 Woodbury Castle (Devon) transatlantic radio, 232 Hall End Roman settlement, 153 hillfort, 134 Wycomb (Gloucestershire) Wigginton (Devon) Iron Age environment, 111 Iron Age shrine, 142 Palaeolithic finds, 35 Woodcuts (Dorset) Roman temple, 159 Wilsford cum Lake (Wiltshire) Iron Age settlement, 132 Roman town, 153, 154 barrow excavations, 99 Woodford G12 barrow (Wiltshire), 124 Wyke Down (Dorset) Wilsford Down (Wiltshire) Woodford G2 barrow (Wiltshire), 96 henge, 82, 97 flint working, 86 Woodhenge (Wiltshire) Neolithic faunal remains, 89 Wilsford shaft (Wiltshire) chalk carvings, 87 Neolithic house, 82 wooden vessels, 122 Neolithic environment, 68 Neolithic shafts, 97 Wilsford G5 barrow, see Bush Barrow Neolithic faunal remains, 90 Wytch Farm (Dorset) Wilsford G58 barrow (Wiltshire), 84 timber circle, 82 Bronze Age fieldsystem, 120 Wilsford G8 barrow (Wiltshire), 84 Wookey (Somerset) Bronze Age settlement, 118 Wilton (Wiltshire) bishop’s house, 205 Iron Age settlement, 132 burh, 186 (Somerset) oil industry, 234 Wimborne Minster (Dorset) Iron Age metalworking, 133 Mesolithic environment, 48 Iron Age settlement, 133 Y Modern expansion, 221 Iron Age wooden vessel, 140 Yalland Farm (Devon) Wincanton pottery, see pottery Mesolithic site, 50 Mesolithic site, 53 (Gloucestershire) Palaeolithic environment, 28 Yarcombe (Devon) Anglo-Saxon monastery, 182 Palaeolithic finds, 31 Roman military presence, 160 Windermere interstadial, 25, 29, 30, 36 wool, 235 Yarford (Somerset) Windmill Cave (Devon) Woolacombe (Devon) Early Medieval occupation, 172 Palaeolithic finds, 31, 34, 35 military training, 259 Roman villa, 152 Windmill Farm (Cornwall) Woolaston (Gloucestershire) (Wiltshire) Mesolithic site, 54, 56 Mesolithic activity, 57 hillfort, 132, 134, 136 Windmill Hill (Wiltshire) Woolavington Bridge (Somerset) (South Gloucestershire) chalk carvings, 87 Iron Age environment, 109 aircraft factory, 258 dating, 76 Mesolithic environment, 43, 45 WW1 aero-engine repairs, 252 early cereals, 90 Neolithic environment, 71 Yatesbury (Wiltshire) early domesticates, 88, 89 woollen industry, 203, 235 Anglo-Saxon defences, 186 Neolithic dietary evidence, 88 Wootton under Edge (Gloucestershire) military aviation, 253 Neolithic enclosure, 96 Medieval town, 202 Yelland (Devon) Neolithic environment, 67 Wor Barrow barrow (Dorset) Mesolithic site, 53 Neolithic faunal remains, 89 adjacent round barrows, 97 power station, 242 Neolithic floral remains, 91 construction, 96 Yeovil (Somerset) Neolithic lithic scatters, 81 multiple burials, 100 air defences, 256 Neolithic pits, 82 Neolithic burials, 100 aircraft factory, 237, 252, 258 Neolithic pottery, 93 Neolithic warfare, 93 anti-tank island, 257 Neolithic settlement, 83 Worgret (Dorset) creamery, 219 radio station, 232 Early Medieval iron working, 175 glovemaking, 236 Winfrith Heath (Dorset) Early Medieval mill, 175 Medieval town, 201 Mesolithic site, 58 Iron Age settlement, 132 minster, 182 (North Somerset) Roman pottery production, 157 ROC group HQ, 256, 265, 266 Mesolithic site, 50 workhouses, 243 telephones, 230 Winterborne Came 18b barrow (Dorset) Worlbury (North Somerset) WW2 railway, 260 Bronze Age carvings, 88 Roman temple, 159 Yeovilton (Somerset) Winterborne Gunner (Wiltshire) Wormington (Gloucestershire) naval air station, 255 military training, 263, 266 Iron Age settlement, 131 naval training, 263 Winterborne Monkton (Dorset) Worth Matravers (Dorset) V-bomber base, 262 Mesolithic site, 58 air navigation station, 262 Yettington (Devon) Winterbourne Dauntsey (Wiltshire) Early Medieval occupation, 172 Bronze Age metalwork, 77 Iron Age settlement, 132 Post-Medieval fields, 217 Yoxter (Somerset) (Wiltshire) radar research, 258 military training, 263 barrow excavations, 99 Roman settlement, 152 tree-trunk coffins, 101 Wotton-under-Edge (Gloucestershire) Z Winterslow (Wiltshire) communications centre, 266 Zennor Quoit (Cornwall), 79

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